WVIOGA 1-26-2010

LiteProp
TM
108 in Appalachia
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
Agenda
LiteProp
TM
108 Technolgy
VaporFrac
TM
J ob design
Field results
High Rate Slickwater
J ob design
Field Results
Marcellus design options
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
LiteProp 108 Technology
Stimulation Objectives
Fracture theory has not
changed. We still need to
create flow capacity
contrast, between fracture
and formation.
However, to ensure optimal
stimulation benefit we need
to ensure that we have full
propped pay zone
coverage.
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
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-14
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-6
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-2
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Small conventional proppants fall
more rapidly than large LiteProp
proppants
40/80
Hydr oPr o
p
40/70
Sand
20/40
LP125
30/80
LP10
8
14/40
LP10
8
20/40
Sand
LiteProp proppants exhibit
much lower proppant settling
rates than sands or ceramics
Various Sizes of Proppants in Water
Proppant Settling
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
Partial monolayers exhibit vacant areas around and between
particles increasing the conductivity of the propped fracture
Partial Monolayers
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
Partial Monolayers
LiteProp proppant provides the means to successfully
employ proppant partial monolayers in hydraulic
fracturing treatments.
Why ?
The low particle specific gravity provides for greatly
reduced proppant settling velocities, resulting in improved
proppant transport , better proppant placement, and much
larger propped fracture area.
Proppant embedment and conductivity damage are
mitigated by the deformable nature of LiteProp proppants,
and the fluid systems generate little, if any filter cake or
residual damage.
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
Conductivity vs. Loading, 30/80 LiteProp 108 (SG 1.05)
1
10
100
1000
0.000 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.010 0.020 0.040 0.050 0.080 0.100 0.200 0.500 0.800 1.000 2.000
Pr oppant Loading, lb/sqft
C
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d
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,

m
D
-
f
t
1000 psi 2000 psi 3000 psi 4000 psi
5000 psi 6000 psi 7000 psi 8000 psi
PML Region Mult ilayer s
Partial Monolayers
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
LiteProp 108 Technology
A heat-treated
thermoplastic
nanocomposite
Apparent SG 1.06
Available in 14/40
Applications to 225F &
6,500 psi
Available in 30/80
Applications to 240F &
7,500 psi
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
LiteProp Specifications
LiteProp
Proppant
Nominal
Specific
Gravity
(g/cc)
Bulk
Density
lb/ft
3
(kg/m
3
)
Max
Closure
Pressure
psi (MPa)
Temp
F (C)
Mesh
Sizes
108 1.06 41 (657) 6,500 (45)
7,500 (52)
225 (107)
240 (116)
14/40,
30/80
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
Benefits
Ultra-lightweight greatly
improves proppant
transport, providing
improved effective
fracture length than
achieved with
conventional proppants
Approaches neutral
buoyancy in fresh water,
enabling placement of a
proppant partial
monolayer with high
conductivity
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
Benefits
Synergistic effects from
combining reduced viscosity
and pump rate
Improved control of frac
geometry (reduced height)
Extended propped fracture
length
Minimized gel damage
Improved well productivity
Improved recoverable
reserves
Completion cost reductions
Reduced proppant flowback
Fewer wells drilled
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
Benefits
Materially robust for long
service in harsh reservoir
environments
Does not crush, chip or
break to generate
migrating fines
Nonabrasive to
equipment or tubulars
Fracturing fluid system
and additive compatible
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
Applications
Shale gas formation
stimulation
Slick water frac for
naturally fractured
reservoirs
Linear gel proppant
banking frac treatments
Conventional cross-linked
fracturing systems
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
Applications
Tip screen-out designs
Low pressure reservoirs
Conductive pad fracs
Liquid LitePropjobs
VaporFracTreatments
ConformFracServices
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
Conventional Fracs
120 Mlb 20/40 sand
84 Mgal slickwater fluid
100 bpm rate
1.0 ppa to 8.0 ppa
IP: 400 Mcfpd to atmos.
30 d: 100 Mcfpd @ 75 psi
LiteProp 108 Fracs
10 Mlb 14/40 LiteProp 108
76 Mgal slickwater fluid
50 bpm
0.05 0.3 ppa
IP: 3.4 MMcfpd to atmos.
90 d: 700 mcfpd @ 1,800 psi
Line pressure limited
Dakota Sand, 30 mi NE of Farmington, NM
Perm: 0.1 mD Depth: 7,900 8,135 ft
BHST: 195
o
F Closure Stress: 5,600 psi
Slickwater Case History
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
3
12
5
1
1
1
4
1
4
3
2
1
1
2
Vertical & HZ Wells
To Date
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
VaporFracServices
Mixture of N
2
and Liquid
LiteProp 108 proppant
together to form an
extreme high gas content
foamed fracturing fluid
(~96%)
Operationally simple
Liquid LiteProp slurry
metered into N
2
stream
Provides for reduced
location size and
equipment requirements
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
VaporFrac System Case History
VaporFrac w/ LiteProp 108 in Huron shale multizone
horizontal wells (SPE 125335)
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
LiteProp
LiteProp
TM
TM
108
108
Shale Stimulation
Shale Stimulation
Treatments
Treatments
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
SPE 118536 in J PT Sept 2009
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
Shale Slickwater Frac Design
40/70 = 225,000 lbs
14/40 LP 108 = 4,000 lbs
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
LP 108 and CO
2
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
LiteProp 108 Technology
Summary
LiteProp Technology
Provides for improved
propped fracture length
Allows for a variety of
placement fluids
Offers an excellent
design tool for
improving proppant
placement
Is cost competitive on a
volume basis
Exhibits excellent
closure resistance
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
LiteProp 108 Technology
LiteProp design ideas
Naturally fractured reservoirs
Improves fluid loss control
Improves fracture
permeability
Shale reservoirs
Coal bed methane reservoirs
Horizontal wells
Foam fracturing
Non-damaging brines as pad
with LiteProp non-weighted
stages following to override
pad (density fracs)
Minimize conductivity to
bottom water
Optionally to include RPM
WVIOGA 1-26-2010
LiteProp 108 Technology
LiteProp design ideas
Acid fracturing to
synergistically enhance
conductivity and prolong
life of stimulation.
Combination with
conventional proppants
where the proppants
may be mixed together
Unlimited possibilities
really exist ...THINK
OUTSIDE OF THE
BOX!!!
WVIOGA 1-26-2010