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doi:10.1093/ser/mwn006
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Correspondence: hollingsjr@aol.com
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This paper argues that a new scientific framework (Science II) has been slowly emerging, rivaling the DescartesNewtonian perspective (Science I) dominant for several hundred years. The Science II framework places a great deal of emphasis on evolution, dynamism, chance and/or pattern recognition. As both cause and effect of the new perspective, scholars in the physical, biological and social
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sciences are increasingly addressing common problems, borrowing insights from and interacting with each other. The epistemology of Science II has enormous potential for understanding problems of fundamental interest to socioeconomists. The paper focuses on five useful concepts in the framework of Science II: self-organizing processes, complex networks, power-law distributions,
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the general binding problem and multi-level analysis. Keywords: complex networks, power-law distributions, multi-level analysis, interdisciplinarity, epistemology, inequality, socio-economics JEL classification: A14 sociology of economics, D85 network formation and analysis, Y80-related disciplines
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1. Introduction For several hundred years, the dominant framework shaping Western science has been the Descartes Newtonian paradigm. Historically, this frameworkwith its
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epistemologyhas been powerful in shaping the thinking of both natural and social scientists. Yet, an alternative view of explaining reality has slowly been emerging, and the influence of this new perspective is rapidly diffusing. In the following discussion, we focus on these perspectives, especially the more recent one, and suggest its potential for enriching the field of socio-economics. The current status of socio-economics can be crudely summarized as follows: socio-economics has been quite strong in empirical and comparative analyses and
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The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press and the Society for the Advancement of Socio-Economics. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
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Page 2 of 32 R. Hollingsworth and K. Mu ller
in relentless criticism of the neoclassical paradigm. However, socio-economics has remained relatively weak in developing a comprehensive theoretical alternative to the dominant neoclassical framework. We suggest that the emerging
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alternative perspective for conducting science heightens the potential for an enriched socio-economic research agenda and for richer exchange between natural and social scientists.
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