SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

UNIT I SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE / PRESENT TENSE ( Bentuk Sekarang Kebiasaan / kenyataan ) A. Penggunaan 1. Untuk menyatakan peristiwa atau perbuatan yang berlangsung setiap hari / berulang-ulang / kebiasaan sehari-hari (habitual action). 2. Untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian atau peristiwa yang merupakan kebenaran umum (general truth). B. Keterangan waktu Keterangan waktu yang menunjukkan tenses adalah : 1. Adverb of frequency always usually generally habibually normally often frequency - sometimes - occasionally - seldom - rarely - never - ever

2. Every every hour every day every week every month every year every morning every afternoon every evening - every night - every Sunday - every Monday - every Wednesday - every Saturday - every January - every December

3. Once once a day once a week - once a month - once a year

4. Twice 5. three times

6. four time 7. at noon 8. at night 9. at midnight 10. on Sunday, Monday 11. in the morning 12. in the afternoon 13. in the evening

C. Susunan kalimat 1. Positive (+) : Subject + Verb I (s/es) Subject Verb I (KK I) Object I write a story You buy a shirt We clean the room They play tennis He goes to school She gives a present It swims very fast 2. Negative (-) : Subject + do/does + not + verb I Subject I You We They He She It 3. Interrogativ (?) Do/does do/does not Verb I write buy clean play goes gives swims Verb I write buy clean play goes gives swims Object a story a shirt the room tennis to school a present very fast Object a story| a shirt? the room? tennis? to school? a present? very fast?

do not does

Do

Does

Subject I You We They He She It

Present Simple Tense

I sing

How do we make the Present Simple Tense?

subject + auxiliary verb + main verb do base There are three important exceptions: 1. For positive sentences, we do not normally use the auxiliary. 2. For the 3rd person singular (he, she, it), we add s to the main verb or es to the auxiliary. 3. For the verb to be, we do not use an auxiliary, even for questions and negatives. Look at these examples with the main verb like: subject I, you, we, they + He, she, it I, you, we, they do He, she, it Do ? Does he, she, it like coffee? does I, you, we, they not like like coffee. coffee? likes not like coffee. coffee. auxiliary verb main verb like coffee.

Look at these examples with the main verb be. Notice that there is no auxiliary: subject I main verb am French. French. French. not old. not old. not old. late? late? late?

+ You, we, they are He, she, it I is am

- You, we, they are He, she, it Am ? Are Is is I you, we, they he, she, it

How do we use the Present Simple Tense?

We use the present simple tense when:

the action is general the action happens all the time, or habitually, in the past, present and future the action is not only happening now the statement is always true John drives a taxi. past present future

It is John's job to drive a taxi. He does it every day. Past, present and future. Look at these examples:

I live in New York. The Moon goes round the Earth. John drives a taxi. He does not drive a bus. We meet every Thursday. We do not work at night. Do you play football?

Note that with the verb to be, we can also use the present simple tense for situations that are not general. We can use the present simple tense to talk about now. Look at these examples of the verb "to be" in the present simple tense - some of them are general, some of them are now: Am I right? Tara is not at home. You are happy. past present future

The situation is now. I am not fat. Why are you so beautiful? Ram is tall. past present future

The situation is general. Past, present and future. This page shows the use of the present simple tense to talk about general events. But note that there are some other uses for the present simple tense, for example in conditional or if sentences, or to talk about the future. You will learn about those later. The simple present tense is used to discuss permanant situations and the frequency of events. To have Short form Other Verbs (to work)

I have he has she has it has

I've he's she's it's

I work He works She works It works you work we work they work Questions Do I work? Short answer Short answer + Yes, I do. No, I don't.

you have you've we have we've they have they've

Statements Statements + I work. I don't work. He works. It works. We work.

He doesn't work. Does he work? Yes, he does. No, he doesn't. It doesn't work. We don't work. Does it work? Do we work? Yes, it does. Yes you do. Yes we do. No, it doesn't. No, you don't. No, we don't. No, they don't.

She works. She doesn't work. Does she work? Yes, she does. No, she doesn't. You work. You don't work. Do you work?

They work. They don't work. Do they work? Yes they do. Regular or permanent situations

When something happens regularly or is a permanent situation we usually use the simple present tense. When using the simple present the verb (with the exception of the auxiliary verbs) remains in the dictionary form (verb + s with he/she/it). Simple Present Timeline For example: Q) "Where do you live?" A) "I live in Germany." Q) "Where does he live?" A) "He lives in Germany." Q) "What do you do?" A) "I'm a teacher." Q) "What does he do?" A) "He's a teacher."

Frequency
The simple present tense is also used to show how often something happens with adverbs of frequency - always, usually, often, sometimes, occasionally, seldom, rarely, never, etc.... And when discussing daily, weekly, monthly etc. routines. For example: "I always get up at 6.00." "I never drink coffee before 12.00." "I work on my website every day." "Every Monday and Thursday I go to the gym." We also use the simple present to ask for and give instructions or to discuss a series of actions. For example: Q) How do I make pancakes?" A) Well, first you take 4 eggs and crack them into a bowl, then you weigh out 4 oz. of flour and sieve it into the eggs. etc. The simple present tense can also be used to discuss future events.