1. Microorganisms can be seen with the help of a ______________. 2.

Blue green algae fix _________ directly from air to enhance fertility of soil. 3. Alcohol is produced with the help of ________. 4. Cholera is caused by _______. 5. Microorganisms can be seen with the help of a _________. 6. Blue green algae fix _________ directly from air to enhance fertility of soil. 7. Alcohol is produced with the help of _________. 8. Cholera is caused by _________ 9. Yeast is used in the production of (i) sugar (ii) alcohol (iii) hydrochloric acid (iv) oxygen 10. The following is an antibiotic (i) Sodium bicarbonate (ii) Streptomycin (iii) Alcohol (iv) Yeast 11. Carrier of malaria-causing protozoan is (i) female Anopheles mosquito (iii) housefly (iv) butterfly (i) ant (ii) housefly (iii) dragonfly (iv) spider 13. The bread or idli dough rises because of (i) heat (ii) (iii) growth of yeast cells (iv) kneading 14. The process of conversion of sugar into alcohol is called (i) nitrogen fixation (iii) fermentation (iv) infection (ii) moulding grinding (ii) cockroach

12. The most common carrier of communicable diseases is

2 marks Questions

1. Where are Microorganisms found? ice cold climate to hot springs and deserts to marshy land, air, water and plants and animals bodies
2. Which common diseases do viruses cause? Cold, flu and chicken pox, dysentery, malaria 3. Name diseases caused by protozoa? Dysentery, malaria

4. Name any two algae. Chlamydomonas, spirogyra 5. Name any two protozoa. Amoeba and paramecium 6. Name any two fungi. Bread mould, aspergillus 7. Name unicellular microbes. Fungi, and algae 8. Name multi-cellular microbes.

9. Which bacterium is responsible for the curding of milk? Lactobacillus 10. Which bacterium is used to produce alcohol? ethnol 11. What do you mean by Fermentation? Who discovered the process of Fermentation? The process of conversion of sugar into alcohol is known as fermentation...Louis Pasteur 12. Which microorganism is not affected by antibiotics? 13. Name certain diseases which can be prevented by vaccination? Cholera, TB, smallpox 14. Name microorganisms which can fix atmospheric nitrogen. Some bacteria and blue green algae 15. Name one free living bacteria and one blue green algae who fix nitrogen using oxygen from atmosphere.

16. What are Pathogens? Micro organisms are harmful in many ways. Some of the micro organisms cause diseases in human beings, plants and animals. Such disease causing micro organisms are called pathogens 17. What are communicable diseases?

The diseases that can spread from an infected person to a healthy person through air, water, food or physical contact are called communicable diseases..ex. cholera, common cold, chicken pox and T.B 18. Name an insect which is a common carrier of microbial diseases. Housefly 19. Which microorganism causes diseases like measles, chicken pox, polio, hepatitis-B, etc? Measles-virus Chicken pox virus Polio-virus Hepatitis- virus 20. What are preservatives? Name two common preservatives

3 marks Questions.

1. Can microorganisms be seen with the naked eye? If not, how can they be seen? No. It can be seen in microscope. 2. What are the major groups of microorganisms? Four major groups bacteria, fungi, protozoa, algae 3. Name the microorganisms which can fix atmospheric nitrogen in the soil. 4. Write ten lines on the usefulness of microorganisms in our lives. 5. Write a short paragraph on the harms caused by microorganisms. 6. What are antibiotics? What precautions must be taken while taking antibiotics?

5 marks Questions

1. Name the major groups of microorganisms. 2. What do you understand by microorganisms? Describe their useful and harmful effects 3. Useful effects of microorganisms: 4. Harmful effects Microorganisms 5. What are the habitats of microorganisms?

6. Describe the method of preparing a medium for the culture of microorganisms? 7. Describe the structure of bacteria.

Chapter 4:

Materials: Metals and non-Metals

1 mark Questions

1. Metals react with acids to produce __________________ gas. 2. Differentiate between metals and non-metals on the basis of any one physical property. 3. The property of metals by which they can be beaten into thin sheets is called ____________ . 4. What is ductility? 5. Phosphorous is a very ___________ non-metal. 6. Sodium and Potassium are stored in ______________ .

1. Hydrogen gas 2. Metals are malleable and ductile. Non metals do not have these properties. 3. Malleability 4. The property of metal by which it can be drawn into wires is called ductility. 5. Reactive 6. (Sodium and potassium are stored in oil because pure sodium and
potassium are very reactive; they will react with the air in oxygen. Oil will not react with sodium and potassium )oil

2 marks Questions

1. What is metallic luster? Why metals are useful for jewellery and decorations? "metalic lustre" means a "metallic shine" metallic: "Containing or made of or resembling or characteristic of a metal" lustre: " A quality that outshines the usual" Therefore, metallic lustre is a metallic substance that shines a lot.

Some common metals used in jewelry are: gold, silver, platinum, titanium, and palladium. These metals are all malleable (and so easy to make into shapes for jewelry) and also resist rusting or oxidation (and so don't lose they shiny

luster quickly). They also all have a color and shine which is pleasing to the eye.
2. Why silver foils are used to decorate sweets? 3. 3. List any 5 properties of metals

1: 2: 3: 4: 5: Lustre

High High

electrical thermal

conductivity conductivity Malleability Ductility

4. What happens who sulphuric acid is poured on a copper tin? 5. Knifes are made using metallic substances. Give reason. 6. Write word equation of the reaction that occurs when zinc granules are placed in copper sulphate solution.
3 marks Questions.

1. How metals and non-metals react with oxygen? 2. Why phosphorous is stored in water? Why cannot we store sodium metal in water? Where it is stored? 3. What happens when iron nails are put in copper sulphate solution? 4. Why copper cannot displace zinc from its salt solution, while zinc can displace copper from its salt solution? 5. Give reasons. (i) Lemon pickle is not stored in an aluminium utensil. (2) Blue colour copper sulphate solution changes its colour, when zinc granules are put into it. (3) Plastic handles are provided for metallic pans that are used for cooking.
5 marks Questions

1. What are the common uses of metals and non-metals? 2. Classify the following properties, and tabulate them as properties of metals and properties of non-metals. (i) Good conductors of heat and electricity.

(ii) React with acids and produce hydrogen gas. (iii) Oxides are acidic in nature.

(iv) Can be beaten into thin sheets. (v) Generally do not react with water even though very reactive in air.

(vi) Non lustrous (vii) Cannot be drawn into wires. (viii)Lustrous. (ix) Bad conductors of heat and electricity. (x) Sonorous. 3. Name the property of metals that have made the following applications. (i) Utensils used for cooking are made of metallic substances.

(ii) Aluminium wires are used for transmission of electricity (iii) Metals can be used to make sheets for roofing. (iv) Metals are used to produce machinery and tools. (v) Metals are used to make bells in temples.