Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Aim
This paper calls for the application of STS theory in the design of a PSO system. This call is based on evaluation and assessment of technologies and methodologies currently used in PSO.
Slide 2
CSIR 2007
www.csir.co.za
Problem areas
Force Protection & Safety
Decision Support
Situational Awareness
Slide 3
CSIR 2007
www.csir.co.za
Scope of presentation
PSO environment Challenges Current methodologies and limitations Need for STS Defining STS theory STS in PSO STS thinking in practice Sense making project
Slide 4
CSIR 2007
www.csir.co.za
CONFLICT / WAR
POST CONFL
Role players
Media Intelligence services Business interests Special Forces
World opinion
Domestic opinion
Diplomatic agencies Organised crime Police forces Coalition partners Neutral forces Militias
Neutral populace
International Convent agencies (UN etc.) ional Regular Forces Legal agencies
Hostile populace
Slide 6
CSIR 2007
www.csir.co.za
Challenges
There is a need for military forces to conduct a broader and more complex spectrum of operations Changing nature of warfare from symmetric to emergent asymmetric threats involving cultural factions and transnational actors. Military operations increasingly compromised conflicting political, diplomatic and legal issues. by
Slide 7
CSIR 2007
www.csir.co.za
Challenges
Decisions must be made in real time with simultaneous tactical, operational and strategic implications. The presence of different role players with different agendas
Slide 8
CSIR 2007
www.csir.co.za
Slide 9
CSIR 2007
www.csir.co.za
STS theory
Definition of STS STS is based on the premiss that organisations or a work unit is a combination of social and technical parts and that it is open to its environment At the heart of STS design is the joint optimisation of the technical and social subsystems which constitute the work system.
Slide 10
CSIR 2007
www.csir.co.za
Components of STS
Social subsystem - aims to design a work structure that is responsive to the psychological needs of the employees and is experienced through the organisations culture, norms, roles and communication patterns Technical subsystem - comprises the structures, tools and knowledge necessary to perform the work which transforms raw materials into products or services
Slide 11
CSIR 2007
www.csir.co.za
Slide 12
CSIR 2007
www.csir.co.za
Decision Support
Sense making
Situational Awareness
Slide 13
CSIR 2007
www.csir.co.za
Decision Processes
DEEP UNDERSTANDING
SENSEMAKING
JUDGEMENT
SITUATION AWARENESS
PLANNING
INFORMATION (Data in context) DECISION SUPPORT MODELS & TOOLS DATA (Representation)
DIRECTIVES
Information Domain
SYNCHRONIZATION
OBJECT/EVENTS
ACTION
Physical Domain
Slide 14
CSIR 2007
www.csir.co.za
Conclusion
In this paper we have given a brief overview of Socio-technical Systems and its relation to Peace Support Operations. We summarised a research project that identified the main problems the SANDF experiences during PSOs and conclude that the application of STS principles is the way forward to provide effective solutions. We have also given a conceptual framework guiding the proposed sense making project. Ultimately, we conclude, peacekeeping forces can be equipped with the most sophisticated technologies, but if there is no cognition of human interaction with technologies and social influences, they are doomed to failure.
Slide 15
CSIR 2007
www.csir.co.za
Thank you