Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
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SPEED AND DIRECTION CONTROL OF DC MOTOR USING PIC
MICROCONTROLLER USING PWM AND H-BRIDGE
ABSTRACT:
A pulse width modulator (PWM) is a device that may be used as an efficient DC
motor speed controller or light dimmer. This project is a versatile device that can control
DC devices which draw up to a few amps of current. The circuit may be used in either 12
or 24 Volt systems with only a few minor wiring changes. This device has been used to
control the speed of the DC motor and to control brightness of an automotive tail lamp.
A PWM circuit works by making a square wave with a variable on-to-off ratio,
the average on time may be varied from 0 to 100 percent. In this manner, a variable
amount of power is transferred to the load. The main advantage of a PWM circuit over a
resistive power controller is the efficiency, at a 50% level, the PWM will use about 50%
of full power, almost all of which is transferred to the load, a resistive controller at 50%
load power would consume about 71% of full power, 50% of the power goes to the load
and the other 21% is wasted heating the series resistor.
In this project we are using PIC 16F877A for controlling the total operation.
Here we are using three switches for controlling speed and direction of DC motor through
the signal received from IR sensor.
This project uses regulated 5V, 500mA power supply. 7805 three terminal
voltage regulator is used for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to
rectify the ac out put of secondary of 230/12V step down transformer.
WK605
Hyderabad: Tarakarama Estates, 2
nd
Left Lane - Opp RS Brothers, Ameerpet, Hyderabad - 500073
Vijayawada: 4
th
Floor, White House, Opp All India Radio, MG Road, Vijayawada 520010
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Block diagram:
Transmitter Section:
Encoder
Clock-wise
STOP
Counter
Clock-wise
IR Transmitter
Power supply to all sections
Step
down
T/F
Bridge
Rectifier
Filter
Circuit
Regulator
WK605
Hyderabad: Tarakarama Estates, 2
nd
Left Lane - Opp RS Brothers, Ameerpet, Hyderabad - 500073
Vijayawada: 4
th
Floor, White House, Opp All India Radio, MG Road, Vijayawada 520010
w
w
w
.
W
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Receiver Section:
IR Receiver
Decoder
PIC16F877A
16X2 LCD
Power On
Reset
20MHz
Crystal
Oscillator
H-
Bridge
DC Motor
Power supply to all sections
Step
down
T/F
Bridge
Rectifier
Filter
Circuit
Regulator
WK605
Hyderabad: Tarakarama Estates, 2
nd
Left Lane - Opp RS Brothers, Ameerpet, Hyderabad - 500073
Vijayawada: 4
th
Floor, White House, Opp All India Radio, MG Road, Vijayawada 520010
w
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Advantages:
Remote controlled
Simple operation
Less Power Consumption
Disadvantages:
Limited coverage area
Scopes for Advancements:
Range can be increased using high power RF transmitter and receiver
Applications
Robotics and Wireless Robot Arm
Industries are using RF solutions for monitoring, process, control, inventory
tracking, data links and bar code reading devices.
Commercial wireless applications such as door announcers, security and access
systems, gate control, remote activation, score board and paging systems.
Automotive companies employing RF for wireless remote control, remote keyless
entry and safety applications.
Consumer products including electronic toys, home security, gate and garage door
openers, intercom, fire and safety systems and irrigation controllers
Medical products like patient call and monitoring, handicap assistance device,
surgery communication system, remote patient data logging and ECG monitor
WK605
Hyderabad: Tarakarama Estates, 2
nd
Left Lane - Opp RS Brothers, Ameerpet, Hyderabad - 500073
Vijayawada: 4
th
Floor, White House, Opp All India Radio, MG Road, Vijayawada 520010
w
w
w
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W
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REFERENCE
Text Books:
Working with Radio Frequency By Cruis Leanardo
Radio Frequency Applications By Morris Hamington
Website:
www.howstuffworks.com
www.answers.com
www.radiotronix.com
www.WineYardProjects.com
Magazines:
Electronics for you
Electrikindia
Let us Go Wireless