Broad Area of Research: Control of Wind Energy Conversion System

Name: Satyajit Das Department: Electrical Engineering Principal Supervisor: Prof. Bidyadhar Subudhi

ABSTRACT
The wind energy conversion system (WECS) converts the kinetic energy of the wind to electrical energy. The basic components of WECS are wind turbine, generator, and power electronics converter. The wind blows on the angled blades of the rotor, causing it to spin, converting some of the winds kinetic energy into mechanical energy. Sensors in the turbine detect how strongly the wind is blowing and from which direction. The rotor automatically turns to face the wind, and automatically brakes in dangerously high winds to protect the turbine from damage. The different control problems in wind energy conversion systems are 1. 2. 3. 4. Pitch angle control Maximum power point tracking Active and reactive power control(voltage, frequency and power factor control) Flickers control

To extract the maximum power from the wind turbine can be done by maximum power point tracking (MPPT) scheme. Conventional hill climb searching (HCS) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm for the wind energy conversion system is discussed in [1]. A second-order sliding mode to control the wind turbine DFIG according to references given by an MPPT has been given in [2]. This will allow one to directly track the DFIG torque leading to maximum power extraction. The direct torque control (DTC) principle has been widely used for fast dynamics [3]. Based on the principles of DTC for induction machine drives, direct power control (DPC) was proposed in [3][5]. DPC of the DFIG is able to produce fast active and reactive power control with the hysteresis band and is robust with respect to the change of machine parameters and to perturbations. In [6] modified direct power control (DPC) used where variable structure control (VSC) and space vector modulation are combined to ensure high-performance active and reactive power control operation.

1. To simulate the wind turbine emulator and study the static-dynamic characteristics by considering the high inertia of shaft, wind shadow and wind shear. To study the performance of the wind turbine emulator in real time. 2. To study and compare back stepping control, feedback linearization control on the WT DFIG according to references given by an MPPT. 3. To study the steady state reactive power capability of the DFIG. 4. To study and implement different optimal control for active and reactive power control to maintain the balance between the generation and load and to achieve unity power factor. 5. To develop an experimental set up for wind energy conversion system.

System and Facilities Required

References
[1] Syed Muhammad Raza Kazmi, Hiroki Goto, Member, IEEE, Hai-Jiao Guo, Member, IEEE, and Osamu Ichinokura, Member, IEEE, A Novel Algorithm for Fast and Efficient Speed-Sensor less Maximum Power Point Tracking in Wind Energy Conversion Systems, IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics, Vol. 58, No.1, January2011. [2] Brice Beltran, Mohamed El Hachemi Benbouzid, Senior Member, IEEE, and Tarek AhmedAli, Second-Order Sliding Mode Control of a Doubly Fed Induction Generator Driven Wind Turbine IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, VOL. 27, NO. 2, JUNE 2012. [3] G. Abad, M. A. Rodriguez, and J. Poza, Two-level VSC-based predictive direct power control of the doubly fed induction machine with reduced power ripple at low constant switching frequency,IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 570580, Jun. 2008. [4] D. Zhi and L. Xu, Direct power control of DFIG with constant switching frequency and improved transient performance,IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 110118, Mar. 2007. [5] R. Datta and V. T. Ranganathan, Direct power control of grid connected wound rotor induction machine without rotor position sensors, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 390399,May 2001 [6] Dongkyoung Chwa and Kyo-Beum Lee,Member, IEEE Variable Structure Control of the Active and Reactive Powers for a DFIG in Wind Turbines, IEEE Transact ions on Industry Applications, Vol. 46, No. 6, November/December 2010 .