P&ID and Process Evaluation Melissa Rosdiana Dewi

1.0

INTRODUCTION
Tetrahydrothiophene is another word for thiophane. The molecular formula of thiophane is SCH2CH2CH2CH2 with density of 0.999g/mL at 20oC. Thiophane has flash point at 21oC and its evaporation residue is less than 0.2 weight percent. Looking at its safety data, it is clearly indicated that thiophane is a highly flammable material. Any faulty when handling this material will result in explosion with explosion rate ranging from 1.1% to 12.3%. Hence, it is very important to use suitable materials and appropriate process to avoid any unwanted events. (http://msds.chem.ox.ac.uk/TE/tetrahydrothiophene.html)

2.0

OBJECTIVES
The objective of this report is to select suitable materials for equipments used in the production of thiophane. Besides that, this report also tests the ability to convert a specified process of thiophane into a simplified block diagram. In addition, this report provides an opportunity to understand and to know more about the materials used to make the equipments in a process plant.

[Curtin University of Technology] |

P&ID and Process Evaluation Melissa Rosdiana Dewi

Suitable No
1 2

Unit Operation
Evaporator Mixer

Components
Tetrahydrofuran H2S & THF (vapor)

Requirements

Material
-

Justification

304 stainless steel

Excellent corrosion and oxidation resistant

Able to withstand heat

Ease of cleaning and fabrication

Has approximately the same

Can withstand heat

characteristics with 304L stainless steel but is chosen due to its cheaper price

H2S & THF with 3 Reactor alumina catalyst, water Thiophane, unreacted 4 Cooling Tower H2S & THF, water Thiophane, unreacted 5 6 Separator Furnace H2S & THF, water Unreacted H2S NaOH, thiophane, THF, 7 8 Caustic Wash Tower Distillation Column water NaOH, thiophane, THF

Has to be corrosion resistant as H2S is corrosive

- No pressure exist - Do not use container containing residue 9 Storage Tank Thiophane - Sealable container is preferable - Do not consist of heat - Non corrosive Carbon steel

-Carbon withstand

steel

can

corrosion

without the presence of acidic and alkaline conditions. -No heat appear here, hence carbon steel can be used. Since it is only used for storage purpose, low cost

[Curtin University of Technology] |

P&ID and Process Evaluation Melissa Rosdiana Dewi

material such as

carbon steel is suitable.

3.0

MATERIAL SELECTION

Thiophane Storage Tank Specification Sheet Item Item number Total item Function Operation Material Composition Pressure Temperature : Thiophane Storage Tank :9 :1 System : Batch Date : 29/03/09

: To storage Thiophane ready stock : Batch : Carbon Steel : C = 1% ; Fe = 99 % : : ???

Data Specification Major characteristics : - Carbon steel not suitable for highly acidic and alkaline compound. - High pressure and temperature condition are not recommended. - Less corrosive component is preferable Properties : - High availability - Low cost - Ease of fabrication - Limited corrosion resistance (-ve) Applications :

[Curtin University of Technology] |

P&ID and Process Evaluation Melissa Rosdiana Dewi

General purposes

Materials Carbon steel

304 Stainless Steel

304L stainless steel

316 stainless steel

Characteristics High availability Low cost Ease of fabrication Limited corrosion resistance (-ve) Excellent forming and welding characteristics Excellent corrosion and oxidation resistance due to the chromium content Heat resistance Excellent toughness Ease of cleaning Ease of fabrication Beauty of appearance High level of corrosion resistance Resistance to oxidation Excellent toughness Prevention of product contamination Ease of fabrication Excellent formability Ease of cleaning High strength with low weight Better corrosion resistance than type 304
[Curtin University of Technology] |

P&ID and Process Evaluation Melissa Rosdiana Dewi Oxidation resistance Non-hardenable by heat treatment Can be readily formed and drawn High corrosion resistance Has superior machineability and is longer wearing High strength High tarnish resistance Resistance to oxidation Very light Ease of fabrication Resistance to acids Corrosion resistance Very sensitive to trace contamination Oxidation resistance Corrosion resistance Ideal for high-heat applications Difficult to fabricate A high-chromium, heat-resistant steel

Aluminum bronze

Aluminum

442 stainless steel

4.0 5.0

CONCLUSION REFERENCES

http://msds.chem.ox.ac.uk/TE/tetrahydrothiophene.html http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0677.htm http://www.steelmedia.com/steel-composition.htm

[Curtin University of Technology] |