CH201 - PRINCIPLES OF STOICHIOMETRY ASSIGNMENT - 1 Submission Due Date: 27-09-2013

1. The vapour pressure of water at any temperature is given by the equation: 3816.44 ln p 18.3 46.13 T where p is in mm Hg and T is in K. Convert this equation to p in atm and T in C. 3816.44 ln p' 11.66 T '226.87 ] [Ans: 2. By electrolyzing a mixed brine (sea water) a mixture of gases is obtained at the cathode having the following composition by weight Cl2=67%, O2=5%, Br2=28%. Calculate i) composition of gas by volume percentages, ii) density of the gas mixture in Kg/m3 at 25 C and 740 mm Hg and iii) specific gravity of the gas mixture relative to dry air at the same temperature and pressure. Atomic weights: Cl=35.5, Br=79.9, Molecular weight of Air=29. 3. A gas mixture has composition by volume C2H4 = 50%, C2H6 = 35% and CH4 = 15%. Calculate a) Average molecular weight. b) Weight percentages. c) Density of gas mixture in Kg/m3 at 25 C and 1 atm. 4. A common method used in manufacture of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is the reaction Cl2 + 2 NaOH NaCl + NaOCl + H2O The raw material consists of 1145 Kg of NaOH in water. It is reacted with 851 Kg of Cl2 gas. The NaOCl formed is 618 Kg. Determine a) Limiting reactant. b) Excess reactant and its percentage. c) Degree of completion. d) Yield of NaOCl per Kg of Cl2 [Ans: NaOH is Excess reactant; DOC - 68.25%; Yield - 0.73] 5. If 5 Kg of methanol and 2 Kg of NH3 are reacted to form 2.5 Kg of monomethylamine by the reaction CH3OH + NH3 CH3NH2 + H2O Determine a) Limiting reactant. b) Excess reactant and its percentage. c) Degree of completion. d) yield of monomethylamine per kg of methanol. 6. Suppose that you are required to make an analysis of 317 lb of combustion gas and find it has the following composition: CO2 - 60%; CO - 10% and N2 - 30% What is the average molecular weight of this gas? [Ans: 37.6] 7. Calculate the mass and mole fractions of the respective components in NaClO3? [Ans: mass fraction: Na - 0.22; Cl - 0.33; O - 0.45] 8. A liquid mixture contains three components A (MW=72), B (MW=58) and C (MW=56) in which A and B are present in the mole ratio 1.5:1 and the weight percent of B is 25%. The specific gravities of the pure liquids are 0.67, 0.6 and 0.58 respectively, for A, B and C and there is no volume change on mixing. Calculate the following: (a) the analysis of the mixture in mole percent [Ans: A-40.78%, B-27.18%, C-32.04%]

(b) the molecular weight of the mixture (c) the volume percent of C on a B-free basis (d) the specific gravity of the mixture

[Ans: 63.07] [Ans: 41.38%] [Ans: 0.624]

9. How many kilograms of CO2 are obtained by the decomposition of 100 kg of limestone containing 94.5% CaCO3, 4.2% MgCO3 and 1.3% inert materials? What is the volume of CO2 obtained at STP? [Ans: 43.74 kg, 22.28 m3] 10. Iron pyrites is burned in 50% excess air. The following reaction occurs: 4 FeS2 + 11 O2 --> 2 Fe2O3 + 8 SO2 For 100 kg of iron pyrites charged, calculate the following: (a) the amount of air supplied (in kg) [Ans: 474.8 kg] (b) the composition of exit gases if the % conversion of iron pyrites is 80% [Ans: SO2-8.4%, O2-10.11%, N2-81.49%] 11. Sulphur dioxide reacts with oxygen producing sulphur trioxide: SO2 + 1/2 O2 --> SO3 In order to ensure complete reaction, twice as much oxygen is supplied than that required theoretically. However, only 60% conversion is obtained. The pressure was 500 kPa and temperature 800 K. 100 kg of SO2 is charged to the converter. Determine the following: (a) the volume of pure oxygen supplied at 1.5 bar and 300 K. [Ans: 25.96 m3] (b) the volume of SO3 produced [Ans: 12.46 m3] (c) the volume of gases leaving the converter [Ans: 35.3 m3] (d) the composition of gases leaving the converter. [Ans: SO3-35.25%, SO2-23.53%, O2-41.18%] (e) the average molecular weight of the gas leaving the converter [Ans: 56.47] 12. The molality of an aqueous solution of LiCl in water is 10. The density of the solution is 1.16 g/mL at 350 K. Determine the following: (a) the weight % of LiCl in the solution [Ans: 29.77%] (b) the molarity of the solution at 350 K [Ans: 8.147 mol/L] (c) the normality of the solution at 350 K [Ans: 8.147 g eq/L] (d) the composition of the solution in mole percent [Ans: LiCl-15.27%, H2O-84.73%] 13. A combustion device was used to determine the empirical formula of a compound containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. A 0.6349 g sample of the unknown produced 1.603 g of CO2 and 0.2810 g of H2O. Determine the empirical formula of the compound. [Ans: C7H6O2] 14. In a process for the manufacture of chlorine by direct oxidation of HCl with air over a catalyst to form Cl2 and H2O (only), the exit product is composed of HCl (4.4%), Cl 2 (19.8%), H2O (19.8%), O2 (4.0%) and N2 (52.0%). What was (a) the limiting reactant? [Ans: HCl] (b) the percent excess reactant? [Ans: 26.36%] (c) the degree of completion of the reaction? [Ans: 90%] 15. The following reaction was carried out: Fe2O3 + 2 X --> 2 Fe + X2O3 It was found that 79.847 g of Fe2O3 reacted with X to form 55.847 g of Fe and 50.982 g X2O3. Identify the element X. [Ans: Al]