Fluid Mechanics

Questions for Mid-Semester Exam: ( May- 2011) 1. Explain the phenomenon of capillarity. Obtain and expression for capillary rise and capillary fall of a liquid. 2. State similarity laws. Where are they used? Explain Froude, Euler and Weber model law with applications. 3. Show that the distance between the meta-centre and center of buoyancy is given by BM=I/. (Dec-2009) 4. (i)Explain the continuum concept used in fluid mechanics. (ii) Explain the difference between the behavior of solids and fluids under an applied force. (iii)With neat sketch write about the Newtonian and Non Newtonian fluids. 5. A 50m long pipe of 10 cm diameter carries water at a velocity 5 m/s.It has been decided to replace 25 m of above pipe by enlarged diameter pipe of 20 cm , the change of section being sudden. Assuming f = 0.02 and coefficient of contraction Cc= 0.62 , find saving in the head loss due to replacement of pipe. 6. What is cipolleti weir? For cipolletti weir, derive the slope( : 1 ) of the sides of the trapezoidal notch by setting the reduction in discharge due to contraction equal to the increase in discharge due to triangulation area added.

(Dec-2010) 7. Define the following terms: (I) Density (II) Weight density (III) Specific volume (IV) Viscosity (V) Kinematic viscosity (VI) Surface tension (VII) Capillarity 8. Derive the expression for total pressure and centre of pressure for a vertical plate submerged in the liquid with usual notations. 9. What do you understand by the terms major energy loss and minor energy losses in pipe? Derive Darcy-Weisbach equation with usual notations.

(Summer- 2013) 10. Explain Buckinghams theorem for dimensional analysis. 11. Define metacenter and metacentric height.Explain method for determination of metacentric height.

(Dec-2011) 12.Compare a triangular notch with a rectangular notch for measuring discharges and derive an expression for the discharge through a triangular notch.

(March-2010) 12. (a)State the characteristics of Laminar flow and Turbulent flow (b) Derive an expression for the measurement of velocity of flow at any point in a pipe or channel by Pitot tube. 13. (a) What do you understand by continuum concept of a fluid? (b) Prove that Intensity of pressure at any point in a fluid at rest is same in all direction. 14. (a) Define: - (i) path line (ii) stream line (iii) stream tube (b) Explain Zone of action, Zone of silence, Mach angle and Mach-cone with the help of diagram.

Answers:1. 2. 3. 4. Refer ( Section 1.14) Refer ( Section 7.17) Refer ( Section 3.11) Refer (i)Section 1.8) (ii)Section 1.4) (iii)Section 1.5) 5. Refer ( Section 2.3) 6. Refer ( Section 7.12) 7. Refer ( Section 1.9,1.10,1.13,1.14) 8. Refer ( Section 3.4.2) 9. Refer ( Section 10.2 & 10.3) 10.Refer ( Section 7.12) 11.Refer ( Section 3.9,3.10) 12.Refer (a)Section 4.2) (b) 13.Refer (a)Section 1.8 (b) Section 2.3 14.Refer (a) Section 4.1 (b) Section 4.1

Examples: Any 2-3 examples from Tutorials 1,2,3 of the method of which the examples are mostly asked. All The Best.