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2
Section A [15 marks]

1 The simple harmonic motion of a point along the x-axis is given by the equation

0
2
2
= + Ax
dt
x d


The period of the motion is

A
A
t 2
B
A 2
t
C
t 2
A
D
t
A



2 An object is undergoing damped oscillation. If the damping is light, which of the following
statements is true concerning the object?

A The period of oscillation is decreasing with time.
B The total energy of the object does not change with time.
C The amplitude of the oscillations of the object is decreasing exponentially with time.
D The acceleration of the object is directly proportional to its displacement from the mean
position.


3 A progressive wave is represented by the equation

|
.
|

\
|
= x y
2
100 sin 20 . 0
t
t

with x and y are measured in metres and t in seconds. What is the speed of the wave?

A 20 ms
-1
B 50 ms
-1
C 100 ms
-1
D 200 ms
-1



4 Which of the following relationships represents correctly the variation of the wave
intensity I with distance r from a point source which produces spherical wave?

A I = constant B I o r
C I o r
2
D I o
2
1
r







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5 A pipe which is opened at one end only has length L. What is the length of a pipe which is
opened at both ends and has the same fundamental frequency as the first pipe?

A
4
1
L B
2
1
L C L D 2L

6 A sound source moving with one third the speed of sound is approaching a stationary
observer. If the frequency of the sound wave from the source is 100 Hz, hence the apparent
frequency of the sound heard by the observer is

A 67 Hz B 75 Hz C 100 Hz D 150 Hz

7 The diagram below shows two thin lenses L
1
and L
2
which are placed coaxially at a
distance 30 cm apart. Each lens has a focal length of 40 cm.


If the incident rays to L
1
are parallel, the final image which is produced after the rays pass
through lenses L
1
and L
2
is

A real and located between L
1
and L
2
.
B virtual and located between L
1
and L
2
.
C virtual and located at the left side of L
1
.
D real and located at the right side of L
2.


8

A concave mirror produces a virtual image at a distance of 60 cm, with the height of the
image three times the object height. What is the focal length of the concave mirror?

A 10 cm B 20 cm C 30 cm D 40 cm


9 A diffraction grating with 2400 lines per centimetre is used to produce a diffraction pattern
that is recorded by a detector. The first-order fringe is 8.94 cm from the central fringe. If
the distance between the grating and the detector is 0.625 m, what is the wavelength of the
electromagnetic wave used?

A 295 nm B 590 nm C 1180 nm D 1190 nm
L
1
L
2


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4

10 The diagram below shows a beam of unpolarised light of intensity I
0
which passes through
polarisers P
1
and P
2.




The intensity of the light after passing through P
2
is

A
8
1
I
0
B

4
1
I
0
C

8
3
I
0
D

4
3
I
0

'

11 The glass lens of a camera is coated with magnesium fluoride. The coating prevents the
reflection of light of wavelength 565 nm. What is the minimum thickness of the coating?
[Refractive index of magnesium fluoride = 1.38, refractive index of glass = 1.50]

A 94 nm B 98 nm C 102 nm D 141 nm


12 Which of the following statements concerning the photoelectric effect is correct?

A The average kinetic energy of electrons decreases when the frequency of light
increases.
B Emission of electrons will not occur for light of very low intensity.
C The number of electrons produced per second does not depend on the intensity of light.
D The maximum velocity of electrons increases when the wavelength of light decreases.


13 From Bohr's theory for hydrogen atom, the n-th energy level in eV can be expressed as

eV
n
E
n
2
58 . 13
= , n = 1, 2, 3, 4, ......

What should be the wavelength of a photon which is absorbed to excite an electron from
ground state to the level n = 5?

A 1.36 x 10
-9
m B 9.15 x 10
-8
m
C 9.54 x 10
-8
m D 1.46 x 10
-6
m

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14 What is the de Broglie wavelength for a particle of mass m which moves with velocity v?

A
mv
h
B
mv
h
t 2
C
v
hm
D
mv
h t 2



15
The nuclide Ra
226
88
has a half-life of 1622 years. What is the rate of decay of 1.0 g sample
of the nuclide?

A 3.65 x 10
10
s
-1
B 9.27 x 10
10
s
-1

C 2.66 x 10
21
s
-1
D 6.84 x 10
21
s
-1



































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Section B [15 marks]
Answer all questions in this section.

16 (a) One end of a tuning fork vibrates in S.H.M. of frequency 512 Hz and amplitude
0.2 mm.
Find (i) the maximum acceleration of the tuning fork end. [2 marks]








(ii) the speed of the tuning fork end when the displacement is 0.1 mm.
[2 marks]







(b) Beats are produced at one point when two sound waves meet.
(i) If the frequency of one of the waves is 256 Hz and the other is 253Hz.What is
the beat frequency ? [1 mark]




(ii) If the intensity of each of the waves is 6.0 x 10
-9
W m
-2
, what is the maximum
sound intensity level ( in dB ) heard at that point ? [3 marks]














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17 A light of wavelength 250 nm falls on nickel with a work function of 3.1 eV.
Find (a) the kinetic energy ,in J , of the most energetic photoelectrons emitted.
[3 marks]









(b) the stopping potential in volts. [2 marks]










(c) the maximum speed of the photoelectrons. [2 marks]






















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Section C [30 marks]
Answer any two questions in this section.


18 (a) A thin biconvex lens made of glass with refractive index 1.52 has surfaces with
radius of curvature 20.0 cm. An object is placed 30.0 cm from the principle axis to the
left of the lens. Find (i) the focal length of the lens. [2 marks]
(ii) the image position. [2 marks]

(b) A Google Earth satellite is 500 km above the Earth's surface. The telescope camera
lens is able to resolve two trees 5 m apart.
Calculate the minimum diameter of the telescope camera lens aperture if the wavelength
of the light is 550 nm. [4 marks]
(c) The surface of a photographic lens is to be coated with a translucent material of
refractive index 1.24 so that light of wavelength 580 nm will not be reflected. Calculate
the minimum thickness of the coating if the refractive index of the glass of the lens is
1.55. [3 marks]
(d) (i) State two advantages of using optic fibre over copper wire. [2 marks]
(ii) The refractive indices of the core and cladding of an optic fibre is 1.65 and 1.55
respectively. Calculate the numerical aperture of the optic fibre. [2 marks]



19 (a) An electron is accelerated through a voltage of 300 kV in vacuum.
(i) Calculate the final velocity of the electron. [2 marks]
(ii) Explain why this is impossible to achieve in experiment. [1 mark]
(b) A monochromatic x-ray beam was directed at a crystal. Intense reflected beams
of this incident x-rays were found at glancing angles 24.6
o
and 56.4
o
. No other strong
reflection was found. If the wavelength of the x-rays is 1.30 x 10
-10
m, calculate the
separation between the layers of atoms in the crystal which caused the diffraction.
[3 marks]
(c) An x-ray tube has a tungsten target. The energy of an electron in the various shells
of the tungsten atom is
K- shell - 1.50 x 10
-15
J
L-shell -0.24 x 10
15
J
M-shell - 0.12 x 10
-15
J
(i) What is the minimum potential difference across the tube for it to emit x-ray line
spectrum in the K- series ? [3 marks]
(ii) What is the wavelength of the K

- line ? [3 marks]
(d) A proton travelling at 50% the velocity of light. Find the de Broglie wavelength
of the proton. [3 marks]





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20 (a) (i) Explain what do you understand by the terms mass defect and binding energy
per nucleon. [2 marks ]
(ii) Calculate the binding energy per nucleon of oxygen in MeV.
( mass of O
16
8
= 15.995 u , m
p
=1.0078 u , m
n
= 1.0087 u )
[3 marks]

(b) K-40 is a radioisotope of potassium with T

= 1.38 x 10
9
years.
It decays into Ar-40.
In a particular rock sample, the ratio of K-40 to Ar- 40 atoms is 1: 63.Calculate the
age of the rock sample. [3 marks]
(c) A radioisotope tracer was injected into a patient's body. After 30 hours, the
activity of the radioisotope has reduced to 11 % of its initial activity. Calculate the half-
life of the radioisotope. [4 marks]
(d) Calculate the energy released in the reaction below in MeV.

B
9
4
+ He
4
2
C
12
6
+ n
1
0
[3 marks]
(mass of B
9
4
= 9.01218 u , He
4
2
= 4.00260 u , C
12
6
=12.00000 u , n
1
0
=1.00867 u )



























960/3
10


Values of Constants ( Nilai Pemalar)

Speed of light in free space (Laju cahaya dalam ruang bebas) c = 3.00 x 10
8
ms
-1


Permeability of free space (Ketelapan ruang bebas)
0
= 4t x 10
-7
Hm
-1


Permittivity of free space (Ketelusan ruang bebas) c
0
= 8.85 x 10
-12
Fm
-1

(1/(36t)) x 10
-9
F m
-1


Magnitude of electronic (Magnitud cas electron) e = 1.60 x 10
-19
C
charge

Planck constant (Pemalar Planck) h = 6.63 x 10
-34
J s

Unified atomic mass unit (Unit jisim atom bersatu) u = 1.66 x 10
-27
kg

Rest mass of electron (Jisim rehat electron) m
e
= 9.11 x 10
-31
kg

Rest mass of proton (Jisim rehat proton) m
p
= 1.67 x 10
-27
kg

Molar gas constant (Pemalar gas molar) R = 8.31 J K
-1
mol
-1


Avogadro constant (Pemalar Avogadro) N
A
= 6.02 x 10
23
mol
-1


Boltzmann constant (Pemalar Boltzmann) k = 1.38 x 10
-23
J K
-1


Gravitational constant (Pemalar gravity) G = 6.67 x 10
-11
Nm
2
kg
-2


Acceleration of free fall (Pecutan jatuh bebas) g = 9.81 m s
-2