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Be slim again forever, permanently

How to loose lose the overweight and never get it back again

In my family on my mother's side all the eleven children, including my mother, tend to be overweight. My genetic profile shows I have failing genes that make me at high risk of having excessive appetite (which I have up to bulimia), increased fat production (which is the case in my hormone non-treated uncles and aunts on my mother side), reduced fat breakdown (which would be my case if I was hormonally not treated and didnt regularly exercise) and a fatty silhouette (in stress conditions I can start swelling up over my body). Despite that my genes push me towards overweight and obesity, I'm not obese, nor overweight and my fat mass oscillates around 6% on average when measured as an athlete (I jog every day) on the bio-impedance weight scale (a weight scale that permits to measure the percentage of water, muscle mass and fat mass in the body) and 14% on average when measured as sedentary person, which is not bad for a man of 56 years of age. This leanness or slimness is also possible for you with less effort and more pleasure then you think. Let me explain you how in the next paragraphs.

First, it is very important to control your appetite How can people such as me normally unable to control my appetite have nearly complete control of my appetite? First of all, let me admit to you that I do not always control my appetite. Once I start eating, I tend to eat too much. But recently I have acquired much less appetite and am slimmer than ever before. Above all it is important to sleep sufficiently, seven to eight hours per night. A too short sleep is independently associated with weight gain, particularly in younger age groups. In contrast, a longer sleep duration is associated with decreased weight and body mass index. People who through their family are predisposed to obesity are twice more easier overweight if they sleep less than 7 hours than if they sleep 9 hours or more. Researchers such as the Belgian professor Eva Van Cauter attribute the obesity epidemic in the USA and other westernized countries to the - on average- one to two hours of lack of sleep in people living nowadays. A great part of the population looks at TV up too late in the night, depriving them from the necessary seven or eight hours of sleep to have a normal appetite. People who are sleep-deprived have more appetite and eat more, especially sweet food, which makes them increase in weight. While during many years I slept for four to five hours, I sleep now on average seven to eight hours, the average nighttime sleep observed in centenarians. If you're unable to sleep 7-8 hours, because you wake up too early and cannot fall back asleep, 50 to 100 mg 5-HTP (5-hydroxytryptophan) and or 150 to 1000 mg of tryptophan before bedtime may help well to keep happily sleeping the whole night through, also the last four hours. Why four hours later? Both 5-HTP and tryptophan convert into melatonin, the hormone that makes us fall asleep, four hours later after intake. The days I experience bulimia - an intense uncontrollable appetite - I nearly always have slept insufficiently the night before. Sleeping the whole night well reduces the appetite by increasing the blood and tissue level of the appetite-increasing hormone ghrelin and while lowering that of the appetite-reducing hormone leptin, an imbalance that strongly stimulates appetite. Two micronutrients may have fundamental importance for you to reduce your appetite as it has for me: 5HTP and chromium. 5-HTP blocks the hunger you get when you are under pressure, anxious, feel frustrated or just nervous about something, while chromium, especially GTF (glucose tolerance factor)) chromium, important for control of the blood sugar level, can substantially reduce the appetite for sugar and sweet foods. GTF chromium is the naturally-occurring form of chromium, also called dinicotinic-acid glutathione complex. GTF is different from simple chromium compounds because it is more easily absorbed by your body and safer than other forms.

How does 5-HTP work? 5-HTP converts into serotonin, the neurotransmitter that calms down the appetite for all types of foods and in particular for sweet food. It does this by reducing frustration and making you feel happier about events. Many people get hungry when they are under pressure and eating relaxes them, calming down the anxiety or nervousness by doubling or tripling their level of cortisol, the stressreducing hormone that provides energy and reduces sufferance, and by providing in the food some substances with opioid (morphine-like) action, also called exorphins, as has been shown in cereals. The best way to administer 5-HTP is to swallow 25 mg tablets or capsules in the morning at wakeup and then every two or three hours 10 to 15 mg of 5-HTP in stressful periods. You should try to take 5-HTP before or at the moment of frustration so that it starts working half an hour later, neutralizing both stress feelings and appetite. What side effects can come up with 5-HTP? If more than 25 mg of 5-HTP is taken at once during daytime, a strong desire to yawn and sleep may come up. Taking during daytime more than 75 mg in total through repeated intakes may considerably reduce your brain levels of oxytocin. The resulting oxytocin deficiency may make you appear as a relaxed person but too cold and introvert, feeling okay inside but not sufficiently communicating with others, characteristics that may make your partner and children unhappy, feeling neglected. I have done the experience myself and learned my lesson well. Noteworthy is the capacity of 5-HTP to increase the levels of the energy hormone and sugar-craving-reducing hormone cortisol/ at high dose of 100 mg, an increase of 50% is obtained, while 90% and 125% higher levels are during many hours after obtained at doses of 200 and 300 mg respectively. It is logic to believe that 10 to 25 % increases are obtained at lower doses, what might provide increases of energy and a lower appetite for sweets. How does chromium work? Chromium helps the hormone insulin put the blood sugar inside of the target cells where energy is required. It does this by sensitizing the insulin receptor that is at the surface of target cells, for the action of insulin. Supplementing chromium with other nutrients may boost its action and these stimulating nutrients are often added to chromium into a preparation called GTF chromium. The GTF stands for glucose tolerance factors, the nutrients that improve glucose tolerance or sensitivity to insulin. People who suffer from prediabetes, a condition that precedes diabetes, have a certain degree of glucose intolerance or insensitivity to insulin. They may benefit from GTF chromium supplementation. How much chromium is required to reduce appetite for sweets? At least two intakes of 400 g per intake are necessary. In stressful conditions, I need 800 g twice a day. The second intake is taken in the late afternoon, beforehand, before sugar cravings may come up at supper or later in the evening. The appetite can also be decreased by drinking more water. Many people eat when their body is thirsty. They do not recognize their thirst anymore well and misinterpret thirst as hunger. Others drink the wrong drinks, soft drinks or alcohol, full of calories, when they are thirsty. There is on average 20 g of sugar per a 33 cc of soft drink. We should drink a minimum of one and a half to 2 L of still water a day. Possibly you could put in your glass a bottom of unsweetened fresh fruit juice such as cranberry juice so that only about one eighth to 1/10 of your glass or bottle is filled up with the not too sweet juice and the rest is water. Also drinks other than water than to increase additional intake of foods. When milk was given with the meals to Swedish school children, a mean additional energy intake of 17% was found compare d to water. The pattern was similar among boys and girls and irrespective of the lunch dish served. For the least preferred dish (fish with potatoes), milk helped to increase the energy intake by 26%.

By choosing a better kind of food you can also decrease your appetite: Eat protein-rich or fat-rich foods as they can calm down appetite. There is even a diet called the Atkins diet where mainly protein-rich and fat-rich foods are consumed. In these diets the patients lose weight because their appetite declines. Try eating a whole quarter of a liter of butter, you probably wont have appetite for a day or two. Fat-rich foods are foods such as butter, egg yolk, boiled lard or boiled bacon (dont cook them in oil or butter or the fat becomes toxic), fatty fish, liver but also less recommendable foods such as fatty cheese and fat-rich milk,

which you should better avoid as they may considerably irritate your gut. On the other hand, foods rich in starch such as bread, pasta and muesli or porridge, or foods and drinks rich in sugar such as chocolate, ice creams and soft drinks open up the appetite and make for some people it almost impossible to stop consuming them. This irresistible attraction to sweet food may be due to food compounds that have morphine-like action. Avoid these carbohydrate-rich foods five days or more a week if you want to control your appetite. Another method that seems to have a lot of success to reduce appetite is to chew much more: chew five to 10 times more so that satiety comes up and leaves you with a lower appetite. I have managed to chew two times more, but still needs some learning to chew 5 to 10 times more. Furthermore, slow eating reduces hunger and increases satiety. As television viewing increases appetite and food consumption and thus weight gain, possibly because of the suspense it originates or the food commercials for snacks, it may be wise to limit TV use to two to three days a week maximum and not more than two hours each time. Second, make your body firmer It is not healthy to lose weight at the expense of muscles and skin that become more loose and thinner. To lose weight on the right body areas, where there is excessive fat, and at the same time strengthen your muscles, skin and even hair, you should optimize the levels of anabolic hormones, the hormones that make the body strong with firm muscles and solid bones. Anabolic hormones have gotten bad press with their abusive use as synthetic derivatives of testosterone called anabolic steroids by body builders. Anabolic hormones, however, are key hormones for health and to reduce the excessive fat on the breasts, belly and thighs, and provide you with a younger outlook of the body by making the muscles and the skin tighter and thicker. Which are these precious hormones that make us firmer? Growth hormone: Growth hormone determines together with IGF-1 your final body height. The more growth hormone and IGF-1 you had in childhood, the taller you are. Growth hormone thickens and tightens the skin, providing it elasticity, while substantially limiting any excess fat and body weight. It is next to testosterone the major hormone to reduce abdominal fat and cellulite. IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor I): IGF-1, whose production by the liver depends on growth hormone that is secreted by the pituitary gland, thickens the skin and muscles more than growth hormone. Therapies that associate IGF-1 to growth hormone reduce further the fat mass compared to what growth hormone can do alone. When IGF-1 is supplemented in the presence of low levels of growth hormone and high levels of insulin, it may on the contrary increase fat mass. So I tend to prescribe IGF-1 to my IGF-1 deficient patients in association with growth hormone therapy, and not alone. Testosterone: The male hormone shapes with its super active masculinizing metabolite dihydrotestosterone the male body into an attractive masculine appearance. It is typically the muscle hormone, overused by bodybuilders to acquire a more male or even a super male outlook. Interestingly, in one study it has been reported that if the administration of testosterone clearly reduces abdominal fat, dihydrotestosterone treatment does the opposite: it increases abdominal fat mass. In women, testosterone levels are 20 times lower than in men, but nevertheless, this level is sufficient to shape their body too in a firm, rather athletic, young female body. Without high enough levels of testosterone, a woman loses her beauty. DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone): DHEA therapy at the physiological (normal) dose of 50 mg by mouth has been shown to reduce fat mass by approximately 1 kg and increase lean mass (which is mainly made

of muscles) by one kilo too, about four times less potently than testosterone could do it, or seven times less potently than growth hormone would do it. Thus, DHEA makes the body firmer but moderately. The female hormones, oestradiol and progesterone: In contradiction with what is generally thought, female hormones, when given the right way, reduce fat mass. In fact, fat mass reductions are mainly obtained with the use of transdermal (through application through the skin) preparation of bioidentical oestradiol and generally not by the use of oral (by mouth) oestrogens, even if the oral estrogens is bioidentical oestradiol. Why would oral oestrogens not be very efficient for fat mass reduction and why might they even increase fat mass? Because of their accumulation in the liver after oral ingestion and intestinal absorption. When the liver is overloaded with oestrogens, it overproduces hormone transporting proteins that are secreted in the blood and strongly bind there to the hormones, keeping hormones much longer in the blood, depriving thereby the target cells from essential hormones, including anabolic hormones. The lack of anabolic hormones such as growth hormone and testosterone in the target cells of women taking the birth control pill, for example, explains why these women see their body change and become looser, less muscled and fatter. In a study researchers have shown that women with overweight had lower progesterone levels. This suggests a possible weight-reducing effect of progesterone. Woman with progesterone deficiency suffer generally from breast and belly tenderness. Progesterone reduces the fluid retention in breasts and belly in the premenstrual period by increasing the excretion of water into the urines. Can hormones also make the body looser? Yes, insulin is a hormone that may make the body looser by increasing fat mass. However, insulin is of a bivalent hormone. In slim people, insulin therapy usually thickens and tightens the skin and muscle, in particular to my experience in the triceps and buttocks. It does this by sharply increasing the absorption of amino acids into skin and muscle cells. In overweight people, however, insulin may further make people gain weight by making them fatter. In these people everything should be done to keep the insulin low. One of the most important ways is to avoid consuming foods that trigger the secretion of insulin such as pure sugar, sweets, chocolate, and foods made from cereals that are not sprouted such as bread, pasta, muesli, and porridge. A high consumption of these foods may increase the levels of insulin and trigger insulin resistance, a condition characterized by high levels of insulin that are not any more efficient for brain, skin, muscle and heart cells; Some nutritional supplements may increase muscle mass, in particular amino acids such as the three branched-chain amino acids valine, isoleucine, leucine. Leucine is the most efficient to improve muscle mass. The branched-chain amino acids compromise together 70% of the amino acid content in muscles. Others amino acids that also appear to be efficient to improve muscle mass are glutamine and carnitine. Glutamine also makes arm firmer, while carnitine to my experience inpatients makes the pelvis and buttocks stronger. At least two to five grams of each of these amino acids should be taken daily to see a difference. Individual amino acids are easier to absorb under form of supplements as they are already separated, while the amino acids contained in proteins of meat, have to be separated by a good working digestive tract into amino acids. For this reason, some people will improve better their muscles by amino acid supplements. Nevertheless, eating fresh meat offers a full panel of amino acids and young people with good digestive system develop beautiful muscles with a diet rich in meat, poultry and fish. Over the 200 grams a day may help to improve the body well. Pure vegan food devoid of any animal-derived foods often offer poorly digestible vegetable proteins that do not suffice to develop a firm body. Humans have a meat-eating type of intestinal tract not that of a plant-eater that is much longer and differently equipped than ours. Following professor Khavinson from Leningrad, an expert in gerontology he is the actual president of the large European society of geriatrics and gerontology there are no vegan (no animal food whatsoever) or vegetarians (fish, eggs, milk products may be allowed) that become old enough to be a centenarian due to the many nutritional deficiencies including in amino acids of these philosophically super but practically maladapted diets.

So the second strategy is to make the body firmer, which increases muscle mass and skin tightness. How then to reduce fat mass?

Third, reduce fat mass and weight What types of diet should you follow? There are three types of diets that in my experience may help you lose weight. The high-protein low-carb diet The HCG fasting diet Total fasting with nutritional supplementation

In the first two diets the food that should be consumed is of the Paleolithic-type, the diet of our ancestors who lived in the Paleolithic period, the time in human history before agriculture was invented. It is a diet full of low sugar-containing fruits such as berries, easy to digest vegetables and meat, fish, poultry or eggs cooked at low temperature. No cooked fats, no milk products, no sugar-containing foods, no grains that are not sprouted, nor alcohol, no caffeine. When people switch from a conventional diet to a paleolithic diet they usually lose a little more than 2 kg weight in three week time, partially because it makes them eat more low-calorie foods such as vegetables. Privilege the consumption of fresh and raw products as they help more to lose weight than non-fresh and cooked foods, and are usually anyway healthier. The high-protein low-carb diet: This diet is based on 2 to 3 days of consumption of exclusively protein-rich food without vegetables and fruits or any sweet food. After two to three days people get fed up with this diet and then go to eat the same but add fruits with low sugar content and vegetables for 2-3 days. The person on diet could then restart a sole protein diet, followed after 23 days again by a short period of a less strict, but still fresh food diet. The continuous alternation in diet can go on and on in cycles of only protein-rich foods followed for a short period of time by the same diet with fruits and vegetables until the weight loss has been obtained. Proponents of this type of diet claim people lose about half a kilo a day by eating so, at least during the only dietary protein days. Theoretically, you can eat as much protein-rich foods as you want. Whatever the amount of protein-rich food you eat, you lose weight. I advise to add potassium supplements and drink a lot of water on days where only protein-rich food is consumed. Indication: people who have a hard time eating less, and must have the opportunity to eat more. Weight loss to expect: 2 to 6 kg per month. The HCG fasting diet: HCG needs human chorionic gonadotrophin, the hormone that is increased in pregnancy and serves as a pregnancy marker. Following Dr Simeons who first started the method in the 1960s, HCG supplementation at doses of 150 units of HCG per day by injection under the skin reduces the appetite and makes people lose weight exactly where they have excessive fat. The cure consists of a minimum of 26 days, starting with three days of HCG injections without any dietary restriction and then 23 days of simultaneous daily HCG injections with a 500-calorie diet. Finally, the cure ends with three days of low-calorie diet without any HCG injections anymore. People who do well on this diet, may continue for about two weeks longer, for a maximum of 42 days in total. Dieting for a longer time may trigger the rise of antibodies against HCG and thus allergies against it as HCG usually comes from another person, a pregnant

women. If a new cure has to be undertaken, you should wait six weeks after the end of the previous diet before starting or results will not be satisfying. If a third diet will be undertaken, it should take place eight weeks after the second one, a fourth HCG diet 10 weeks of the previous diet, etc. Each time adding two additional weeks to the interval period to avoid the creation of allergy (that most of the time presents as the absence of any beneficial effect on weight loss) and to obtain optimal results in weight loss. Several but not all double-blind placebo-controlled studies have not reported any beneficial loss on weight loss compared to placebo. Studies that do show a difference, report a near doubling of the weight loss compared to placebo (-11.5 kg versus 6.8 kg weight loss) in the Asher and Harper 1973 study for example. The difference in results might be due to the use of a new vial every week or when used for more than 7 days the product seems to have perished. Indication: patients with an overweight of 7 kilos or more; also for very massively obese patients. Weight loss to expect: 5 (women) to 10 (men) kg per 26 days of cure

Total fasting with nutritional supplementation: Total fasting with nutritional supplementation: I have recently fasted (complete stop of food ingestion) for 16 days and a half without ever suffering from hunger and remaining dynamic all the timeenough energy to remain able to do run for half an hour to two hours a day and to allow me to accomplish all daily professional tasks. Restriction: The patient should be healthy. This type of diet is only to do under strict physicians supervision or experienced health professional and with the intake of a large amount of supplements, including amino acid supplementation. Indication: Rare patients who have digestive troubles; patients who may benefit from providing their gut a rest or people who want to make a spiritual experience while losing weight. Weight loss to expect: 2 to 3 kg for 5 days; 3 to 5 kg for 10 days; 4 to 7 kilos for 15 days depending if there is daily physical exercise or not. An intake of a mixture of 3 to 5 grams of purified amino acids with additional amounts of branched chain amino acids; Aim of this type of diet with additional supply of amino acids and high dosed minerals (magnesium, potassium, calcium but also some sodium): Possibility to increase muscle mass and body water, while reducing only fat mass in the absence of uptake of any food! This beneficial change in body composition reflects a rejuvenation of the body composition equal to 5 to to 10 years back in time.

Finally, fifthly, how not to regain the weight loss

Several methods can be applied, but must aim at definitive improvement, that means that you stay in the future - years long at the desired lower weight with a firmer body.

1. Be in control of your appetite most of the time If you are the person who is genetically programmed to be hungry and crave for the wrong foods, a bit as I am, you have no choice, you need to add nutrients such as 5-HTP and or chromium to calm down your appetite and sleep enough.

2. Eat Paleolithic-type of foods at least five days per week.

3. Learn to avoid foods that make you fatter and take foods that make you slimmer Basically, people should eat Paleolithic-type foods such as discussed above, and particularly be attentive of avoiding the consumption: Sugar and sweet foods, and soft drinks: as said before, they increase appetite and fat production: to avoid. Weight gain has been shown to be greater with soft drinks containing artificial sweeteners such as aspartame, cyclamates, etc. than with drinks containing regular sugar, because these sweeteners offer generally a stronger sweet flavor than sugar that creates addiction. Alternative: stevia, add a spoon of fresh fruit juice to sweeten Cereal-type foods: Although they have no or poor fat content, bread, pastas and junk foods increase fat production by elevating the level of the fat-increasing hormone, insulin: try to avoid them at least 5 days per week. As alternative: sprouted grains, sprouted bread, sprouted muesli, sprouted rice that you can find in some health food stores or through the Internet. Cooked fats: Cooking foods in oil or butter, or just bring fatty foods at high temperatures (above the temperature of boiling water 100 degrees Celsius) changes the structure of the fats, making polyunsaturated fatty acids become more rigid and be called trans fatty acids. A high intake of trans fatty acids has been reported in a primate study to increase by four any weight gain, especially fat gain. It is not any fat that makes you fat, but (over)cooked fat. Alternative: use other cooking methods that do not bring food and in particular fats at high temperature such as steaming, boiling in water, oven at 85 Celsius maximum (185 degrees Fahrenheit), Carpaccio or tartar steak, Alcohol: increases insulin and estrogens, hormones that can increase weight, while reducing many fat-reducing hormones such as growth hormone, testosterone, melatonin, etc.: to avoid at least 5 days a week. Alternative: Alcohol-free aperitifs, but they often are rich in sugar. Caffeine: Drinking caffeinated beverages such as coffee, tea and cola, increases insulin and cortisol, two hormones that can make you fatter, while reducing two hormones that can make you thinner, growth hormone and thyroid. It is nearly impossible to make heavy coffee drinkers lose weight and if ever they do they regain it quickly because of their caffeine intake. Preservatives in food: these preservatives may reduce your metabolism, in other words your calorie-consumption. Even when less food and less calories are consumed, weight gain may appear if the food contains preservatives. Alternative: Prefer the consumption of fresh foods such as organic vegetables that are devoid of preservatives and better to stay or become slim.

4. Fast each time you do slippers Each time you do a dietary excess eat too much of the food, drink several glasses of alcohol, get into an irresistible and major chocolate craving, compensate by skipping the next one or two meals! When you go out to see friends in parties or have dinner with them and you know it beforehand the food will be maladapted, why not fast a meal or two beforehand and may be after, while eating something light at home a salad or a fruit meal beforehand with abundant water intake in order

not to be too hungry or too thirsty while at the party so that you can easily restrain yourself from bad foods or compensate by fasting before or after. 5. You can also compensate by doing more physical exercise - adding a longer sport session to your program, but be aware that the amount of calories consumed with even heavy exercise is often much less than the amount of calories eaten in one meal where you eat too much. A hard training session may consume 500 extra calories, while a copious meal may be 1200 calories or more. Additionally intensive training can also make you more hungry. Thius, it is easier to lose weight by eating less than by intensively exercising.

Train your body, do sports. A body that does not exercise, does not move, rusts and increases in weight. 95% of sedentary people who followed a weight loss program regain the weight they lost in the previous year. Why? Because they do not move enough. About 35% only of physically exercising people regain the weight they lost in the previous year. Why? Because they have increased their amount of physical exercise compared to before. I do every day a jogging usually 25 minutes, sometimes two hours, but when I really dont have time I do at least 15 minutes of running, this keeps me not only fit, but probably also slimmer. If every day you consume 100 calories more, this is 365 times 100 calories, so 36 500 calories more consumed per year, thus as every gram of fat = 6 calories, 6 kilos less weight per year. How long should you do daily exercise? One study showed that overweight people lost more weight when they exercised half an hour a day than when they exercised one hour a day, apparently because those how exercised more had greater appetite. What type of exercise makes you lose weight most? Aerobic exercise where one can easily breath and even talk is linked to more weight loss, while high intensity anaerobic exercise (where you have to catch your breath a bit) is linked with an increase in lean mass (mainly muscles) that slows down the weight loss, but does increase advantageously the lean mass/fat mass ratio, making the body more athletic. The fat mass loos in both types of exercise is similar. To obtain a mix of the two, besides the slower long runs I do, I several times a week run interval or fartlek training sessions. In this type of exercise several sessions every 200 meters of fast running alternate with 200 meters of slow running in order to recover. As the forest roads where I run are continuously up and downhill, it already tends to be a fartlek. Fartlek is an irregular way of alternating high with low intensity exercise, going fast and then slow following your desire, while interval training is a set of fixed distances of fast and slow running such as you is easily to determine on a fast track or in a gym on running machines). Do not eat one hour before and one hour after a training session as this speeds up the metabolism/calorie consumption in the presence of not calorie intake and helps to lose more weight.

Major treatments to lose weight

In the table below is an overview of all the major treatments to lose weight, and not regain it afterwards.

Major treatments to lose weight Obesity problem Cause Leptin (appetite reducer) deficiency MSH (appetite reducer) deficiency Sleep more than 7 h Lack of sleep Avoid sweets GTF chromium: 800 g at wakeup, 400-800 g at 16h 5-HTP (5-hydroxytrytophan): 25 mg in morning, then 10 -15 mg every 2-3 h Excessive appetite Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) produces sugar cravings Overweight persons: methylprednisolone 2 to 4 mg/day Medrol; Non overweight persons: hydrocortisone : 20 mg (women) and 30 mg (men)/day in two or more divided doses (wake-up and lunch) Oxytocin 5 to 10 IU/day at 2 to 3 PM Increase protein intake: meat, fish, poultry, Increase fat intake: butter, egg yolk, bolide bacon, lard, liver, 5-HTP (5-hydroxytrytophan): read above GABA: 500 to 1500 mg at wakeup For weight loss: Prefer a thyroid treatment containing T4 and T3 ( such as Erfa, Armour, Euthyral, Novothyral, Thyrolar, ..; doses: 30 to 150 mg/day or 50 to 150 g T4 and 10 to 30 g T3/day) Increase fruits, eat more low sugar fruits (berries,...) Eat more vegetables (but less cauliflower, which in high amounts is antithyroid) Reduce protein intake <250 Melatonin (sublingual) 0.1 to0.2 mg before bedtime What to do on yourself or with a nutritionist What to do with a physician Still only for research purposes : Leptin (hormone) by injection: 0.5 to 1.5 mg/day Still only for research: Melanotan II: 0.5 to 1.5 mg/day Therapy efficacy to +++

to ++ to + + to ++ to ++

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Low protein intake Low fat intake Frustration, stress Anxiety, tenseness

Inability to lose weight, even with low calorie diet for extended periods

Thyroid deficit, due to or aggravated by

Genetics, aging or lesions

to +++

Insufficient fruit intake Excessive cabbage intake Excessive

to + to + to +

protein intake Iron deficit: Ferritin < 50 ng/ml Low sea fish & seafood intake Selenium deficit Lack of exercise High glycemic index foods: too much sugarcontaining foods Eating too late in the evening Omega-6 fatty acid deficiency

grams/meat or poultry a day, as protein reduces the conversion of thyroid hormone T4 into T3 Iron: 80 mg elemental iron during 4 months Iodine: 1 to 2 drops of Lugol during 6 months (and not more as it may then reduce thyroid activity by decreasing the secretion of the T4 thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland) Selenium: 200 g/day 30 physical activity per day Avoid any high glycemic index foods (bread, sweets, pasta, ..) Do not eat or eat little after 6 PM (18h) Borage oil 5 grams/day reduces by 4 any weight increase after weight loss Steam, boil foods or warm them up in the oven below 85 Celsius or 185 Fahrenheit, but never cook them in oil or butter,;do not consume cookies, white bread or margarine, rich in trans fatty acids. 30 physical exercise every day Maximum meat size: 150 g/day, unless regular physical exericse; maximum carbs: 50 g/day; allow high intake of vegetables (lettuce; no unsprouted seeds) up to 500g/day Chew at least 3 to 5 times each food

to + to ++ to ++

Always regaining weight after weight loss

Consumption of trans fatty acids (obtained by high temperature cooking of fat, oils) Increase physical exercise

to ++

Oversized meals

Eating too quickly + swolle n eyelid s Swol -len face

to +

Thyroid deficit: Read above for causes

Read above

Read above

+ saggin g cheek s

Growth hormoneIGF-1 deficit

Genetics, aging or lesions Poor protein intake Excessive sweet intake Eating more protein-rich foods: 200 g/day of meat, fish, poultry Avoid consuming sweets, chocolate, starch (bread, pasta, muesli, ..), soft drinks

Growth hormone: 0.1 to 0.3 mg injected under the skin of the belly or thighs before bedtime

+ to +

to +

Excessive alcohol intake Excessive caffeine intake Sweet food intake Excess fat, weight Thyroid deficit + fatty cheek s Insulin excess

Avoid alcohol Avoid caffeinated beverages: cola, coffee, teas Reduce insulin by avoiding sweets and other high glycemic index foods (bread, porridge, rice, ..) Reduce insulin by weight loss > 4 kg (9 pounds) T3-T4 preparation such desiccated thyroid: 30 to 150 mg/day or synthetic T3-T4: 50 to 150 g T4 and 10 to 30 g T3/day Men: transdermal 10% testosterone liposomal gel or injectable testosterone Women: transdermal 0.6% estradiol gel and micronized progesterone Subcutaneous injections of 0.1 to 0.3 mg/day GH &/or 0.2 to 0.5 mg IGF-1 Reduce intake of fatty foods, which increase cortisol production Eat less often (as meals transiently increase cortisol) Relax, avoid stressful situations (as they increase cortisol levels) Subcutaneous injections of 0.1 to 0.3 mg/day growth hormone (GH) &/or 0.2 to 0.5 mg IGF-1 Sublingual melatonin (0.05 to 0.2 mg before bedtime) Read above Read above Avoid drinking alcohol and caffeinated beverages (cola, coffee, tea, ..) as they increase estradiol levels Lose weight: reduces fat cells and their aromatase enzyme that converts testosterone to the female hormone estradiol Read above Read above

to +

to +

to +

+ to +++

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Testosterone deficit Estrogen/ progesterone deficits GH &/or IGF-1 deficits Fat intake

to +

to +

to + to + to + to + to ++ to + to ++ to ++ to +

+ balloo nshape d face

Cortisol excess due to or aggravate d by

Frequent meals Stress GH/IGF-1 deficit

Fatty Neck

Melatonin deficit: Growth and IGF-1 hormone deficits Insulin excess

Excess breast tissue

Ex ces s mil k gla nd s

Estradiol excess

to + Progesterone 100 mg before bedtime in men and women: reduces estradiol by increasing its conversion to the much less potent

to +

Dihydrotestosterone deficit Ex ces s fat Growth hormone deficit Testosterone deficit (men) Insulin excess Read above Read above Read above

estrone Anastrozole, which increases the conversion of testosterone to estradiol: 2x to 3X 1 tablet of 1 mg in women with breast cancer and in men with erectile dysfunction risk Men only: dihydrotestosterone 2.5% gel on breasts Read above Read above Read above HCG-diet: read above in previous chapter 150 to 200 IU/day of HCG Read above

to +

to + to + to + to +

Genetics, aging, Growth hormone deficit Read above Eating more protein: > 200 g/day of meat, fish or poultry Eat more fat (egg yolk, (clarified) butter, boiled bacon and lard liver, etc.), rich in cholesterol, necessary to build the steroid hormones (= hormones build upon the structure of cholesterol), such as the sex and adrenal hormones: equivalent to 1 soupspoon/day of butter Avoid consuming sweets, chocolate, starch (bread, pasta, muesli, ..), soft drinks that reduce steroid hormone production Avoid whole grain carbs (bread, all bran flakes) as they reduce sex hormone levels Avoid alcohol

to + to +

Abdominal obesity

Testosterone deficit

to +

to + to + Men: Testosterone liposomal gel 10% ( to 3 g/day); testosterone enanthate injections 1 per 2 weeks Women: Testosterone gel 1 2 0.5% ( /3 to /3 g/day) DHEA : 20 mg (women) and 30 mg (men)/day in at wake-up Read above Read above Read above Read above

to +

to + to + to + to + to +

DHEA deficit Thyroid deficit Insulin excess Droopy belly Fatty Growth hormone deficit Insulin excess Read above Read above Read above Read above

buttock s After weight loss and being slim: Long-acting insulin mixed with growth hormone (GH) and IGF-1: from 0.2 mg/0.2 mg/ 1IU/day to 0.3mg GH/0.5mg IGF-1/2-3 IU long-acting insulin/day from 0.2 mg/day of each to 0.3mg GH and 0.5mg IGF1 /day Read above Read above Read above Read above Read above Insulin mixed with growth hormone (GH) and IGF-1: Read above Read above Read above Read above HCG-diet: Read above Read above Read above Still only for research: melanotan II: 0.5 to 1.5 mg/day

Droopy buttock s

Insulin deficit

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Growth hormone and IGF-1 deficits Fatty arms Testosterone deficit Growth hormone deficit Insulin excess Growth hormone deficit Testosterone deficit Insulin deficiency Growth hormone deficit Testosterone deficit Insulin excess Growth hormone deficit Testosterone deficit MSH (Melanocyte-stimulating hormone) deficit Insulin deficit With non pitting Thyroid deficit edema Salt excess Read above Read above Read above Read above Read above Read above Read above Read above Read above Read above

to + to + to + to + to + to + to ++ to + to + to + to + to + to +

Droopy triceps

Cellulit e

Saggin g inner sides of the thighs

Avoid alcohol, which reduces MSH Read above Read above Reduce salt in the food Take potassium supplements: 1 to 3 g/day (!! avoid if kidney disease) Take potassium supplements: 1 to 3 g/day (!! avoid if kidney disease) Avoid stressful situations and prolonged standing as they increase aldosterone Several times a day 10 to 15 minute naps laying down with feet in higher position

Read above Read above

to ++ to + to +

to +

Swollen calves

+ pitting edema ( a pit appears after finger pressure)

Aldosterone excess

to +

to + Exceptionally: spironolactone (diuretic that spares potassium) 50 to 100 mg/day Women: Testosterone gel 1 2 0.5% ( /3 to /3 g/day)&

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References: Be slim again forever, permanently

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46. Osterdahl M, Kocturk T, Koochek A, Wndell PE. Effects of a short-term intervention with a paleolithic diet in healthy volunteers. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2008 May;62(5):682-5. 47. Weerts SE, Amoran A. Pass the fruits and vegetables! A community-university-industry partnership promotes weight loss in African American women. Health Promot Pract. 2011 Mar;12(2):252-60. 48. Mehrabani HH, Salehpour S, Amiri Z, Farahani SJ, Meyer BJ, Tahbaz F. Beneficial effects of a high-protein, lowglycemic-load hypocaloric diet in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled intervention study. J Am Coll Nutr. 2012 Apr;31(2):117-25. 49. Noakes M, Keogh JB, Foster PR, Clifton PM. Effect of an energy-restricted, high-protein, low-fat diet relative to a conventional high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet on weight loss, body composition, nutritional status, and markers of cardiovascular health in obese women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Jun;81(6):1298-306. 50. Harber MP, Schenk S, Barkan AL, Horowitz JF. Effects of dietary carbohydrate restriction with high protein intake on protein metabolism and the somatotropic axis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Sep;90(9):5175-81. 51. Ramel A, Parra D, Martinz JA, Kiely M, Thorsdottir I. Effects of seafood consumption and weight loss on fasting leptin and ghrelin concentrations in overweight and obese European young adults. Eur J Nutr. 2009 Mar;48(2):107-14. 52. Petersen KF, Dufour S, Morino K, Yoo PS, Cline GW, Shulman GI. Reversal of muscle insulin resistance by weight reduction in young, lean, insulin-resistant offspring of parents with type 2 diabetes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 May 22;109(21):8236-40. 53. Lebon P. Treatment of overweight patients with chorionic gonadotropin. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1961 Nov;9:998-1002 54. Asher WL, Harper HW. Effect of human chorionic gonadotrophin on weight loss, hunger, and feeling of wellbeing. Am J Clin Nutr. 1973 Feb;26(2):211-8 55. 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69. Wessells H, Fuciarelli K, Hansen J, Hadley ME, Hruby VJ, Dorr R, Levine N. Synthetic melanotropic peptide initiates erections in men with psychogenic erectile dysfunction: double-blind, placebo controlled crossover study. J Urol. 1998 Aug;160(2):389-93. (M II reduces appetite in men) 70. Amico JA, et al. Enhanced initial and sustained intake of sucrose solution in mice with an oxytocin gene deletion. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2005 Dec;289(6):R1798-806. 71. Sclafani A, et al. Oxytocin knockout mice demonstrate enhanced intake of sweet and nonsweet carbohydrate solutions. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2007 May;292(5):R1828-33. 72. Billings LB, et al. Oxytocin null mice ingest enhanced amounts of sweet solutions during light and dark cycles and during repeated shaker stress. Behav Brain Res. 2006 Jul 15;171(1):134-41. 73. Ostrowska Z, Zwirska-Korczala K, Buntner B, Pardela M, Drozdz M. Association of body mass and body fat distribution with serum melatonin levels in obese women either non-operated or after jejunoileostomy. Endocr Regul. 1996 Mar;30(1):33-40 74. Wolden-Hanson T, Mitton DR, McCants RL, Yellon SM, Wilkinson CW, Matsumoto AM, Rasmussen DD. Daily melatonin administration to middle-aged male rats suppresses body weight, intraabdominal adiposity, and plasma leptin and insulin independent of food intake and total body fat. Endocrinology. 2000 Feb;141(2):487-97 75. Coutinho WF, Moreira RO, Spagnol C, Appolinario JC. Does binge eating disorder alter cortisol secretion in obese women? Eat Behav. 2007 Jan;8(1):59-64 (Lower cortisol levels in obese women) 76. Travison TG, O'Donnell AB, Araujo AB, Matsumoto AM, McKinlay JB. Cortisol levels and measures of body composition in middle-aged and older men. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2007 Jul;67(1):71-7. (cortisol concentrations are somewhat lower in obese than in nonobese community-dwelling men) 77. 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An intensive weight loss programme in established type 2 diabetes and controls: effects on weight and atherosclerosis risk factors at 1 year. Diabet Med. 1998 Jan;15(1):73-9 85. Packianathan IC, Fuller NJ, Peterson DB, Wright A, Coward WA, Finer N. Use of a reference four-component model to define the effects of insulin treatment on body composition in type 2 diabetes: the 'Darwin study'. Diabetologia. 2005 Feb;48(2):222-9 86. Sall A, Guilloteau G, Ryan M, Bouhanick B, Ritz P. Effect of insulin treatment on the body composition of Type 2 diabetic patients. Diabet Med. 2004 Dec;21(12):1298-303 87. Fraser R, Ingram MC, Anderson NH, Morrison C, Davies E, Connell JM. Cortisol effects on body mass, blood pressure, and cholesterol in the general population. Hypertension. 1999 Jun;33(6):1364-8. (Cortisol excretion rate did not correlate with blood pressure but correlated strongly with parameters of body habitus (body mass index and waist and hip measurements [positive]) Peeke PM, Chrousos GP. Hypercortisolism and obesity. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1995 Dec 29;771:665-76.) 88. Combes R, Boyer J, Vague J. Plasma cortisol response to intravenous beta 1-24 corticotropin as related to the fat mass and its topographic localization Diabete Metab. 1979 Jun;5(2):125-7. (Cortisol response to ACTH was increasingly pronounced as fat predominated in the upper body segment, i.e. android obesity) 89. Gabrilove JL, Luria M. Persistent gynecomastia resulting from scalp inunction of estradiol: a model for persistent gynecomastia. Arch Dermatol. 1978 Nov;114(11):1672-3. 90. LaFranchi SH, Parlow AF, Lippe BM, Coyotupa J, Kaplan SA. Pubertal gynecomastia and transient elevation of serum estradiol level. Am J Dis Child. 1975 Aug;129(8):927-31.

91. Zumoff B, Strain GW, Kream J, O'Connor J, Levin J, Fukushima DK. Obese young men have elevated plasma estrogen levels but obese premenopausal women do not. Metabolism. 1981 Oct;30(10):1011-4. 92. Fejes I, Koloszr S, Zvaczki Z, Daru J, Szllsi J, Pl A. Effect of body weight on testosterone/estradiol ratio in oligozoospermic patients. Arch Androl. 2006 Mar-Apr;52(2):97-102. 93. Brind J, Strain G, Miller L, Zumoff B, Vogelman J, Orentreich N. Obese men have elevated plasma levels of estrone sulfate. Int J Obes. 1990 Jun;14(6):483-6. 94. Villalpando S, Mondragn L, Barrn C, Prez-Pastn E, Castaeda G, 95. Alonso-Uriarte R, Corts-Gallegos V. Role of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in spontaneous gynecomastia of adolescents. Arch Androl. 1992 May-Jun;28(3):171-6. Benveniste O, Simon A, Herson S. Successful percutaneous dihydrotestosterone treatment of gynecomastia occurring during highly active antiretroviral therapy: four cases and a review of the literature. Clin Infect Dis. 2001 Sep 15;33(6):891-3. 96. Eberle AJ, Sparrow JT, Keenan BS. Treatment of persistent pubertal gynecomastia with dihydrotestosterone heptanoate. J Pediatr. 1986 Jul;109(1):144-9. 97. Kuhn JM, Laudat MH, Roca R, Dugue MA, Luton JP, Bricaire H. Gynecomastia: effect of prolonged treatment with dihydrotestosterone by the percutaneous route. Presse Med. 1983 Jan 8;12(1):21-5. 98. Boyanov MA, Boneva Z, Christov VG. Testosterone supplementation in men with type 2 diabetes, visceral obesity and partial androgen deficiency. Aging Male. 2003 Mar;6(1):1-7 99. Marin P. Testosterone and regional fat distribution. Obes Res. 1995 Nov;3 Suppl 4:609S-12S 100. Rebuffe-Scrive M, Marin P, Bjorntorp P. Effect of testosterone on abdominal adipose tissue in men. Int J Obes. 1991;15(11):791-5 101. Nestler JE, Barlascini CO, Clore JN, Blackard WG. Dehydroepiandrosterone reduces serum low density lipoprotein levels and body fat but does not alter insulin sensitivity in normal men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1988;66(1):57-61 102. Abrahamsson L, Hackl H. Catabolic effects and the influence on hormonal variables under treatment with Gynodian-Depot or dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) oenanthate. Maturitas. 1981;3(3-4):225-34 103. Manolopoulos KN, Karpe F, Frayn KN. Gluteofemoral body fat as a determinant of metabolic health. Int J Obes (Lond). 2010 Jun;34(6):949-59.

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