Model exam papers

Paper 2
1

Below is a list of elements. Use these elements to answer the questions

below.
Each element may be used once, more than once or not at all.
aluminium
helium
magnesium
potassium
nitrogen
oxygen
phosphorus
a Which elements are commonly found in fertilisers?
............................................................................................................. [3]
b Which two elements are in Period 2 of the Periodic Table?
................................................... and ................................................. [2]
c

Which elements are gases at room temperature?

............................................................................................................. [2]

d Which element reacts with water to form an alkali?

............................................................................................................. [1]
e

Which two elements have two electrons in their outside orbit?

................................................... and ................................................. [2]
Total [10]

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Model exam papers Paper 2

Platinum is a rare and valuable metal which is found in the

ground as a pure metal.
Titanium is a common metal which is quite expensive because it is
hard to extract.
Iron is a common metal which can be extracted from its ore by
heating with carbon.
a Using the information above, place the three metals in order of
reactivity.
............................................................................................................. [1]
b Platinum is an unreactive metal and is used in jewellery
because it doesnt corrode.
Give another important use of platinum.
............................................................................................................. [1]
c

Titanium is an important engineering metal. It is stronger

than steel but is only half as heavy.
Suggest why titanium is not used for building motor vehicles.
............................................................................................................. [1]

waste gases

raw materials

firebrick lining

air
slag
molten iron

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Model exam papers Paper 2

The diagram above shows a blast furnace used for the

extraction from its ore.
i

Name the ore from which iron is extracted.

....................................................................................................... [1]

ii What other raw materials are added at the top of the

furnace besides the ore?
................................................... and ........................................... [2]
iii Name two gases which are found in the waste gases which
come out from the top of the furnace.
................................................... and ........................................... [2]
e

The iron which comes out of the blast furnace (cast iron)
contains carbon, which makes it brittle.
How is this carbon removed?
............................................................................................................. [2]

The result of removing some of the carbon is an alloy called steel.

What is the meaning of the term alloy?
............................................................................................................. [1]

g Stainless steel can be made by adding nickel and chromium to

steel. Give a use of stainless steel.
............................................................................................................. [1]
Total [12]
3

A student made a soluble salt of the metal zinc by the following

method.
A Acid was poured into a beaker.
B Zinc was added to the acid until in excess.
C The beaker was warmed and then stirred.
D When the reaction was over, the remaining zinc was removed.
E The solution was then boiled gently until crystallisation point.
F The remaining solution was left to cool.
a How would the student know that excess zinc had been added?
............................................................................................................. [1]

Cambridge University Press IGCSE Chemistry

Model exam papers Paper 2

b In the space below draw and label apparatus suitable to

perform step D.

[3]
c

How would the student know that the solution had reached
crystallisation point (step E)?
............................................................................................................. [1]

d A sample of the salt obtained was dissolved in distilled water

and tested by adding barium chloride solution. A white
precipitate was formed.
What was the name of the acid that the student used in step A?
............................................................................................................. [1]
e

In a second test, aqueous ammonia was added to a solution of the

salt, first slowly and then in excess.
What observations were made?
.............................................................................................................
............................................................................................................. [3]
Total [9]

Cambridge University Press IGCSE Chemistry

Model exam papers Paper 2

A sample of air was taken in the middle of a city. The air was analysed
and the gases listed below were found to be present.
carbon dioxide
carbon monoxide
methane
nitrogen
nitrogen dioxide
oxygen
sulfur dioxide
a Which gas would be present in the greatest quantity?
............................................................................................................. [1]
b Which two gases could cause acid rain?
................................................... and ................................................. [2]
c

Which two gases are most responsible for global warming?

................................................... and ................................................. [2]

d Which gas is produced by plants in photosynthesis?

............................................................................................................. [1]
e

In the diagram below, join each polluting gas to its correct

source.

Carbon monoxide

Car exhausts

Methane

Power stations

Sulfur dioxide

Cows and sheep

[3]

Argon is always present in the air but it is not in the list above.
Suggest why it might not have been detected when the gas was
analysed.
............................................................................................................. [1]
Total [10]

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Model exam papers Paper 2

positive
electrode

carbon
rods

negative
electrode

concentrated
aqueous sodium
chloride and
Universal lndicator

The diagram shows an apparatus which can be used to electrolyse

concentrated sodium chloride solution (brine).
a Chlorine is one of the products of this electrolysis. At which
electrode is it formed?
............................................................................................................. [1]
b At the other electrode the Universal Indicator solution turns
purple. What substance causes this change?
............................................................................................................. [1]
c

Brine is a mixture of solid sodium chloride and water. Brine conducts

electricity but water does not. Why doesnt water conduct electricity?
............................................................................................................. [1]

d Sodium chloride is made up of ions. Why does it conduct when it

is a solution but not when it is a solid?
............................................................................................................. [1]
e

The electrodes are made from graphite, a form of carbon.

Graphite has a giant covalent structure. What unusual
property does it have that allows it to be used as an electrode?
............................................................................................................. [1]

Diamond is another form of carbon with a different type of giant

covalent structure.
By comparing their structures explain why diamond but not
graphite can be used in cutting.
............................................................................................................. [2]
Total [7]

Cambridge University Press IGCSE Chemistry

Model exam papers Paper 2

A student wished to make a sample of fertiliser by reacting ammonia

solution with nitric acid.
20 cm3 of ammonia was placed in a flask and Universal Indicator
was added. Nitric acid was added 2 cm3 at a time using a measuring
cylinder, and the pH of the solution was noted after each addition. The
results are shown in the table below.
Volume
added / cm3
pH

10

12

14

16

18

20

13

13

13

12

12

Pl t th
l
id b
l
a Plot
the pH values
on th
the grid
below.
[4]

pH

Join the points to each other using straight lines.

10

12

14

16

18

20

Volume of acid added / cm3

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Model exam papers Paper 2

b Use your graph to estimate how much acid was needed to exactly
neutralise the ammonia.
............................................................................................................. [2]
c

The equation for the reaction is: NH3 + HNO3 NH4NO3

Rewrite this equation as a word equation.
............................................................................................................. [2]

d Why is this fertiliser a particularly good one?

............................................................................................................. [1]
Total [9]
7

The diagram shows a fractionating column used for separating

petroleum into useful fractions.
fractions
fuel gas

petrol

paraffin

light gas oil

diesel
lubricating fraction
crude oil

bitumen

a Draw a on the diagram at the point where the temperature is

highest.
[1]
b Paraffin is often called kerosene. What is its major use?
............................................................................................................. [1]

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Model exam papers Paper 2

The fuel gas (refinery gas) fraction contains compounds which are gases
at room temperature. These gases are often cracked to form alkenes.
What is meant by the terms cracking and alkene?
Cracking ........................................................................................... [1]
Alkene ............................................................................................... [1]

d Butane C4H10 can be cracked to form two molecules of ethene C2H4.

Complete the equation below by identifying the other product.
C4H10 2C2H4 + ............................................................................. [1]
e

Ethene can be converted into ethanol by reacting it with steam.

Write a word equation for this reaction.
............................................................................................................ [2]

In the space below draw the structure of the ethanol molecule,

showing all atoms and bonds.

[2]
g State another method of making ethanol and give a use for the
compound.
Method .............................................................................................
Use ..................................................................................................... [2]
Total [11]
8

Complete the table below by filling in the empty spaces.

Symbol

Number of
protons

Number of
neutrons

Number of
electrons

......................

......................

......................

......................

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[4]

Model exam papers Paper 2

b What is the meaning of the term isotope?

............................................................................................................. [1]
c

Using an example from the table above, give an example of

isotopes.
.............................................................................................................
............................................................................................................. [2]

235

U is an example of an isotope used to produce energy.

How is it used?
............................................................................................................. [1]

Hydrogen is also used as a fuel. Write a word equation to show

what happens when hydrogen burns.
............................................................................................................. [2]

Hydrogen was once used in airships but now helium is used

instead.
Why is helium a suitable gas for use in airships?
.............................................................................................................
............................................................................................................. [2]
Total [12]

10

Cambridge University Press IGCSE Chemistry

Model exam papers Paper 2