6.

Dealing withWaste
1.1- Q: Why is waste separated into different plastics always
likely to be more valuable and more useful than waste which remains mixed?

A: Because is necessary to use all the available techniques

to optimize the balance between grain and cost.

1.2- Q: Why are dark plastics separated from clear plastics even though they are made from the same material?

A: Because if you separate it then its easier to set the colour of

the plastic.

1.3- Q: Have a look at home at the plastics packaging

materials in the kitchen or bathroom. Look for the code number stamped on the bottom or inside of a container. Make a table showing which plastics are used for which purposes.

A: Object Purpose Plastic and his number a bag that LDPE (low density Shopping Is you put the polyethylene) and his number is bag items you 4.
have bought for easier transfer you

PET(polyethylene terephthalate) Bottle of Is a container And his number is 1. Cola

of a liquid

Coating pans

Is something Other(PTFE)And his number that is 7. improves our kitchen safety.

1.4- Q: Make a careful note of where two different plastics

are used in the same item e.g. for a lid and a container. Why are different types selected?

A: To improve the quality and properties of the plastics 2.1- Q:

The density of polypropene is 0.91 g/cm3 .The density of polystyrene is1.05 g/cm3 . What density would a liquid need to be tomake sure that the polypropene floated and the polystyrene sank?

A: The liquid would need a density between 0.91g/cm3 and

1.05g/cm3

2.2- Q: PET has a density of 1 . 3 5 g / c m 3.

What density would a liquid need to be if itwas to separate PET from polystyrene?

A: The liquid would need a density between 1.05g/cm3 and

1.35g/cm3

2.3- Q: Ease of separation of

plastics materials is now being taken into account at the design stage. What recommendations about design rules would you make? Think about densities, colour, inks and labels.

A: I would divide the plastics in three levels

-Red level for harders plastics

-Yellow level for medium plastics -Green level for easier plastics

2.4- Q: Recycling makes a lot of sense, but only if demand

for recycled materials matches the supply. If demand is muchless than the supply, whatwill happen to 1 the price paid for there cycled material 2 the amount of recycled material in storage 3 The costs of the process 4 the profitability of the process

A:
1 It will lower 2 It will down 3 It will be the same 4 It will down

2.5- Q: If there is a large difference between supply and

demand, the amount of waste being collected will have to be reduced. What effect might this have on public opinion and on the wisdom of recycling?

A: People will start thinking that recycling is not so good. 3.1- Q: A:

Summarize these processes in a flow diagram. Make sure that you distinguish between the different stages, and between the usefulness of the four end-products.

Pyrolisis
(waste heated in a vacuum)

Hidrogenation
(waste is heated is heated with hydrogen)

Gasification
(waste is heated in air)

Chemolysis
(waste is chemically heated)

3.2-Q: What other factors do we need to take into account

before we can know whether processes such as these are actually of benefit? Think of the costs involved.

A: We need to take into account the type of plastic and its

composition