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FFTC

Practical Technology

Fruits and vegetables PT2004-25

Production of healthy orange seedlings using budding technique

itrus is susceptible to diseases such as tristeza, rootrot (Phytopthora), and citrus greening. Hence, in the production of orange seedlings, it is important to select healthy root stocks and scion sources, as well as the correct method of propagation. Vegetative methods of reproduction of mother plant parts, such as marcotting, are not recommended because the spread of diseases start out from the branches. It is also very difficult to identify branches which are free from virus-borne diseases. Thus, the budding technique is recommended in order to ensure that the root stocks and the scions used are diseasefree.

Selection of root stocks


It is recommended to use root stocks from Poncirus trifoliate, Troyer citrange, Cleopatra, Rough Lemon, and Rangpur Lime. These are resistant to virus and Phytopthora-borne diseases, easy to multiply, suitable to a wide range of soil types, compatible to all types of scions, and allow easy operation of all types of bud grafting techniques.

Preparation of rootstock First incision to expose the cambium (25-30 cm from ground level) Pull open the incision to insert the bud

Rootstock

Rootstock

Fig. 1. Side-wedge bud grafting

Fig. 2. Preparation of incision on the rootstock

Food and Fertilizer Technology Center (FFTC) 5F, 14 Wenchow St., Taipei 106, Taiwan ROC Tel.: (886 2) 2362 6239 Fax: (886 2) 2362 0478 E-mail: fftc@agnet.org Website: www.fftc.agnet.org FFTC: An international information center for small-scale farmers in Asia

Cooperating agency for this topic: Department of Agriculture Wisma Tani, Aras 7-17, Lot 4G2, Presint 4 Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan 62632 Putrajaya, Malaysia Tel: (60 3) 88703000 Fax: (60 3) 88703460 E-mail : tanhh@doa.gov.my

Selection of scions
Scions must be selected from healthy plants, free from diseases and pests. A pencil-size branch with dormant buds between the internodes is the most suitable. Scions must be immediately used after being cut off from the plant.

Budding techniques
The budding techniques commonly recommended for citrus cultivation are the slice bud grafting, T-type bud grafting, chip budding, and side-wedge bud grafting. Of all these types, the side-wedge bud grafting is the easiest and the most successful. The budding procedure is shown in Figures 1-4.

Third incision First incision

Bud of selected variety inserted

Second incision Budwood

Rootstock

Fig. 3. Cutting of bud from the budwood

Fig. 4. Insertion of bud into the incision

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