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Lecture
Review the essentials of marketing management Understand the impact of strategic marketing decisions on the firm Gain insight into the real world frustrations/rewards of making strategic marketing decisions Learn how to develop a marketing plan
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Learning Objectives
By the end of the course you should be able to: Understand the key concepts and strategic planning not only as a process for achieving organizational goals but also as a means of building long-term relationships with customers Understand the importance of the planning process within the context of strategic marketing and developing a marketing plan Utilize the tools, concepts and models for strategic marketing evaluation, decision and implementation Design a marketing programme based on conducting effective marketing research, developing marketing capabilities and competitive advantages Implement and coordinate a strategic marketing programme
Course Schedule
Week
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Course Introduction Marketing: A Basic Review Writing a Marketing Plan Collecting and Analyzing Marketing Information Developing Competitive Advantage and Strategic Focus Developing Goals and Objectives Customers, Segmentation, and Target Marketing Product Strategy/ Branding and Positioning Pricing and Distribution Strategy Integrated Marketing Communication I Integrated Marketing Communication II Marketing Implementation and Control/ Developing Long-Term Customer Relationships
Topics
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Tutorials
3 tutorials
These cases are as follows: USA Today: Innovation and Evolution in a Troubled Industry (is included in textbook) IKEA Looks to Further Penetrate the U.S. Market (is included in textbook) Apple's Winning Marketing Strategy (download it from MOODLE 2)
Effective tutorials require conscientious preparation before class. Thus, in order to be ready for class discussion of a case, please Read the case through rather quickly for familiarity. Read the case a second time. Study all the exhibits carefully. Decide what the strategic issues are. Try to answer the case questions Start your analysis of the issues with some number crunching. Use whichever tools and techniques of strategic analysis are called for. Support your opinions with reasons and evidence. Develop an appropriate action plan and set of recommendations.
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Core reading:
O. C. Ferrell and M. Hartline, (2011), Marketing Management Strategies - 5th edition (ISBN 9780538467445), Cengage Learning.
What is Marketing?
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BUSINESS
CUSTOMER
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There must be at least two parties to the exchange. Each party has something of value to the other party. Each party must be capable of communication and delivery. Each party must be free to accept or reject the exchange. Each party believes it is desirable to exchange with the other party.
BUSINESS
The business gives the customer gets
Goods/Services Price Value Brand Warranty Convenience
CUSTOMER
The customer gives the business gets
Money Time Energy Commitment Experience Knowledge Expectations
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Classical Conditioning is Think in Marketing the process of using way established relationship between a Orientation stimulus and Customer a response to cause a Competitor Orientation learning Coordination Interfunctional
Behaviors with Reinforcement results from rewards : the more rewarding repeated. the response , the strongest Behaviors with the likelihood of the purchase unsatisfying results being repeated. 4Ps are avoided.
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4 Ps
Place-Decisions regarding Channel type Intermediaries Outlet location Transportation Storage Managing channels
Product
Product- Decisions regarding Physical good features Quality level Accessories Packaging Warranties Branding
Place
Target Market
Price
Price-Decisions regarding Price level Flexibility Discounts Terms Differentiation
Promotion-Decisions regarding Salespeople (selection, training, Incentives) Advertising (media types, types of advertising) Sales promotion Publicity Internet/web strategy
Promotion
Did he do Marketing?
Product: Ice-Cream Promotion: Stop me and Buy Place: A motorcycle and sidecar-Through the
different neighborhoods Price:5 Cents Excellent Customer Relationship Marketing He knew everything about his customers He was aware of their needs, about the competition, the market opportunities and so on.
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From these humble beginnings, Winstones has grown considerably and is now a substantial supplier to a number of national supermarket chains and major retail outlets
He was not only doing Marketing BUT He was thinking in a Marketing Way!
Three conditions must be met before the marketing concept can be applied
Marketing Concept
Customer Orientation
Corporate activities focus upon providing customer satisfaction
Integrated Effort
All staff accept the responsibility for creating customer satisfaction
Goal Achievements
The belief that corporate goals can be achieved through customer satisfaction
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Manufacture Product
Customers
This orientation refers in an environment which had a shortage of manufactured goods relative to demand, so goods sold easily.
Implications of this orientation includes: Pricing based on the costs of production and distribution Research limited to technical product research Packaging design primary to protect product Minimal promotion and advertising, limited to raising awareness of the existence of the product
Refers to business ability to make profits on using powerful selling techniques to persuade consumers to buy them, rather than on customer needs
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It is a culture rather than an individual process. It s the norms, mindsets, values and behaviours of employees; alongside the structure, systems and control of the company, that put the customers needs in the center of all firms activities.
Customers
Customers
Customers
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In other words
The modern Marketing Concept can be expressed as
the achievement of the corporate goals through meeting and exceeding customers needs better than the competition
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Perceived benefits: can be derived from the product, the associated service and the image of the company/product (Functional benefits + Emotional benefits) Perceived Sacrifice: is the total cost associated with buying the product (Monetary costs + Time costs + Energy costs +Psychic costs)
Delivery
After-sales service
Guarantees
Packaging
Performance
Design
Quality
Functional features
Technology
Size
Brand
Company Reputation
Country of origin
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Price Value
Performance Value
Emotional Value
The emotional bond consumers built with the product
EXAMPLES
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Health Care (medical practice, hospital, eye care, dentistry) Financial Services (banking, investment services, insurance) Professional Services (accounting, legal, architectural) Hospitality (restaurant, hotel/motel, bed & breakfast, ski resort, rafting) Travel (travel agency, airline, theme park) Others (hair styling, plumbing, lawn maintenance, health club, interior design)
Characteristics of Services
Intangibility
Services are intangible cannot be seen, tasted, felt, heard or smelled before purchase.
Services are produced and consumed simultaneously. Services are highly variable Services cannot be stored.
Inseparability
Heterogeneity Perishability
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Goods
Tangible
vs. Services
Intangible
Resulting Implications
-Services cannot be inventoried -Services cannot be easily patented -Services cannot be readily displayed or communicated -Pricing is difficult -Service delivery and customer satisfaction depend on employee and customers action -Service quality depends on many uncontrollable factors -There is no sure knowledge that the service delivered in matches what was planned and promoted -Customers participate in and affect the transaction -Customers affect each other -Employees affect the service outcome -Mass production is difficult -It is difficult to synchronize supply and demand with services -Services cannot be returned or resold
Standardized
Heterogeneous
Nonperishable
Perishable
Servuction Model
Service1 Processes and systems
Customer
Personnel
Backstage
Frontline
Customer
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Invisible
Visible
Procedures
Employees Ingredients Equipment Logistics
Invisible
Visible
Procedures
Employees Equipment Logistics Planning
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Servuction Model
People
All human actors who play a part in service delivery and thus influence the buyers perceptions: namely, the firms personnel, the customer, and other customers in the service environment.
Physical Evidence
The environment in which the service is delivered and where the firm and customer interact, and any tangible components that facilitate performance or communication of the service.
Process
The actual procedures, mechanisms, and flow of activities by which the service is deliveredthe service delivery and operating systems.
Product
PEOPLE Employees (Recruiting, Training, Motivation, Rewards, Teamwork) Customers (Training)
7 Ps
Price
Place
Target Market
People
Promotion
PHYSICAL EVIDENCEFacility design Equipment Signage Employees dress Other tangibles (e.g Business cards; lecture notes)
Processes
Physical evidence
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Good
good
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BUSINESS
BUSINESS
The management process responsible for the facilitation of exchange between producers of goods and services and their organisational customers. B2B marketing and purchasing is a complex and risky business involving a number of different parties.
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B2B customers
Commercial Enterprises (Banks; Hotels; etc.) Retailers or Wholesalers that purchase products for resale to others.
Public and Private institutions (hospitals, colleges and universities, churches, museums etc.)
Government (federal, state, local)
B2B
Market
Fewer and larger buyers Geographical concentration
Product
Relatively technical in nature Customization Delivery, services very important Competitive bidding for unique items, list prices standardized items Emphasis on personal selling Direct channel to market Buying Center. Diverse group of organization members makes decisions Relatively Enduring and complex
Emphasis on advertising A number of intermediaries Individual or household unit makes the decisions Comparatively, infrequent contact, short duration
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