Finish Line & Beyond

SURFACE AREAS AND VOLUMES

Cone and Hemisphere:

Total Surface Area
Total Surface Area of the toy
= Curved Surface Area of hemisphere + Curved Surface Area of cone
= 2 Πr²+ Πr 
Total Volume:
= Volume of Hemisphere + Volume of Cone
2 1
= Πr³ + Πr²h
3 3

Example: Rasheed got a playing top (lattu) as his birthday present, which
surprisingly had no colour on it. He wanted to colour it with his crayons. The top is
shaped like a cone surmounted by a hemisphere . The entire top is 5 cm in height
and the diameter of the top is 3.5 cm. Find the area he has to colour.

Solution:
Total Surface Area of the toy
= Curved Surface Area of hemisphere + Curved Surface Area of cone
= 2 Πr²+ Πr 
22 3.5 3.5 22
= 2× × × + × 1.75 × 3.7
7 2 2 7
= 39.6 cm²
(  can be calculated using Pythagoras Formula)

Cube & Hemisphere

Total Surface Area:
= Surface Area of Cube + Curved Surface Area of Hemisphere- Area of Base of
Hemisphere (If it is smaller than cube’s surface)
= Surface Area of Cube + Curved Surface Area of Hemisphere + Area of Base of
Hemisphere – Area of one Face of Cube (If circular base is bigger than cube’s
surface)
Total Volume:
= Volume of Cube + Volume of Hemisphere
2
= Side³+ Πr³
3

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Example: A decorative block is made of two solids — a cube and a hemisphere. The
base of the block is a cube with edge 5 cm, and the hemisphere fixed on the top has
a diameter of 4.2 cm. Find the total surface area of the block.

Solution : The required answer will be the sum of areas of cube’s surface and
hemisphere’s surface minus the area of circular base of the hemisphere.

Total Surface Area of Cube = 6 Side²

=6 × 5²= 150 cm²
Surface area of hemisphere= 2Πr²
22
= 2× × 2.1 × 2.1 = 2 × 138.6
7
As area of the circular base needs to be deducted,
Total Surface Area = 150+13.86= 163.86 cm²

Cone & Cylinder:

Total surface area will be as follows:
Curved Surface Area of Cylinder + Curved Surface Area of Cone
=2Πrh + Πr 
There can be a chance of the circumference of the cone being either greater than or
smaller than the circumference of the cylinder.
If both cases area of the exposed circular portion can be calculated as follows:
Area of Bigger Circle – Area of Smaller Circle.

Total Volume:

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= Volume of Cylinder + Volume of Cone
1
= 2Πrh+ Πr²h
3

Conversion of Solid from One Shape to Another

When a solid of a certain shape is converted to a solid of another shape its volume
remains unchanged.
Example: A cone of height 24 cm and radius of base 6 cm is made up of modelling
clay. A child reshapes it in the form of a sphere. Find the radius of the sphere.
Solution: Volume of cone = Volume of Sphere
Now let us assume that the radius of Cone is r and the radius of sphere is R.
1 4
Then, Πr²h = ΠR³
3 3
1 4
Or, Π6² × 24 = ΠR³
3 3
Or, 6 × 6 × 6 × 2 × 2 = 2 × 2 × R³
Or, R = 6 cm

Example: Selvi’s house has an overhead tank in the shape of a cylinder. This
is filled by pumping water from a sump (an underground tank) which is in the
shape of a cuboid. The sump has dimensions 1.57 m × 1.44 m × 95cm. The
overhead tank has its radius 60 cm and height 95 cm. Find the height of the water
left in the sump after the overhead tank has been completely filled with water

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 Finish Line & Beyond
from the sump which had been full. Compare the capacity of the tank with that of
the sump. (Use π = 3.14)
Solution: The volume of water in the overhead tank = Volume of Water taken from
tank
So, Πr²h =  × b × h
Or, 3.14 × 3600 × 95 = 157 × 144 × H
Or, H=47.5 cm
So, height of the water left in tank = 95-47.5=47.5 cm
As now water is left to half its original level so cylindrical tank’s capacity is half of the
capacity of the sump.

Example: A copper rod of diameter 1 cm and length 8 cm is drawn into a wire of

length 18 m of uniform thickness. Find the thickness of the wire.
Solution: Let us assume that height of the rod is h and radius is r and the length of
the wire is H and radius is R
Then, Πr²h = ΠR²H
Or, Π 0.5² × 8 = ΠR²1800 cm
Or, R²= 0.5 × 0.5 × 8 ÷ 1800 cm
Or, R²= 5 × 5 × 80 ÷ 18000 mm
5× 5× 5× 2× 2× 2× 2 1
= =
3 × 3 × 2 × 10 × 10 × 10 9
1
Or, R = mm
9
Frustum:

Anything in the shape of a bucket is called as frustum. Imagine a bigger cone whose
top has been chopped off and you get a figure of frustum.

Volume of Frustum:

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 Finish Line & Beyond
Volume of Bigger Cone – Volume of Smaller Cone
Let us assume that the radius of the bigger cone is R, height is H and lateral side is
L. Then the radius of the smaller cone is r, height is h and lateral side is 

1 1 1
Then Volume of Frustum= ΠR²H - Πr²h = Π(R²H-r²h)
3 3 3
When height of the frustum is given in stead of height of the bigger cone then
heights of both cones can be calculated using ratios of similar triangles. As bigger
and smaller cones are always similar triangles so ratio of bigger radius to smaller
radius will be same as ratio of height or slant height of bigger cone to those of
smaller cones.

Similarly Curved Surface area can be calculated as follows:

Curved Surface Area of Bigger Cone – Curved Surface area of Smaller Cone
ΠRL-Πr  = Π(RL-r  )

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