INTRODUCTION The Indian power sector is witnessing a revolution as excitement grips the nation about harnessing electricity from

various renewable sources of energy. India has become the worlds next clean energy hotspot as it plans to meet its substantial future energy from renewable sources. These include wind, solar, bio-mass, hydro, wastes etc. Electricity generation from renewable energy sources is increasingly recognized to play an important role for the achievement of a variety of primary and secondary energy policy goals, such as improved diversity and security of energy supply, reduction of local pollutant and global greenhouse gas emissions, regional and rural development, and exploitation of opportunities for fostering social cohesion, value addition and employment generation at the local and regional level. Due to its geographical location; India receives a high intensity of solar radiation. Currently, India is pushing forward a massive plan of generating electricity by using solar radiation. Against this backdrop, the paper attempts to discuss the existing legal and policy framework for solar power generation. A power system mainly comprises three aspects i.e. generation, transmission and distribution. Many states in India have formulated renewable energy policies and states like Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan, Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Orissa, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Maharashtra, Haryana, Kerala and Madhya Pradesh have come up especially with a solar power policy.

1.2 Solar energy the promising prospect The Central power plant, like much bulk electric transmission, will soon become a white elephant, uneconomic to run, and difficult to sell. Such plants are likely to survive in significant number by 2030 in any market economy and would be replaced by more localised electricity generation. Amory Lovins, Intl Energy Expert

As human civilisation witnesses a gradual shift towards harnessing cleaner form of energy from various sources; the solar energy is going to play an important role. Perhaps, it is the only energy which has absolutely no fuel cost. To tap the infinite energy from the sun and transform as well as to transmit it to each household, the Indian govt. has accelerated promotion of the use of universally available solar energy through its various policies and incentives.

India due to its geo-physical location receives solar energy equivalent to nearly 5,000 trillion KWh/ year, which is far more than the total energy consumption of the country today. But it produces a very negligible amount of solar energy i.e. a merely 0.2 percent compared to other energy resources.The Govt. of India, in all its recent policies relating to power sector has given due importance to harness the suns energy in various ways through the available technologies like Solar Photovoltaic (SPV), Solar Thermal (ST), and Concentrating Solar Power (CSP).

Theoretical potential of solar energy in India

The average intensity of solar radiation received over India is 200 MW/km square (megawatt per kilometer square) with 250325 sunny days in a year. Solar energy intensity varies geographically in India, but Western Rajasthan receives the highest annual radiation energy. India receives the solar energy equivalent of more than 5000 trillion kWh/year. Depending on the location, the daily incidence ranges from 4 to 7 kWh/m2, with the hours of sunshine ranging from 2300 to 3200 per year. Recent research has shown that India has a vast potential for solar power generation since about 58% of the total land area (1.89 million km2) receives annual average Global insolation above 5 kWh/m2/day. Indeed, given present efficiency levels, 1% of land area is sufficient to meet electricity needs of India till 2031.

Current policy, practice and regulations in India

In terms of all renewable energy, currently India is ranked fifth in the world with 15,691.4 MW gridconnected and 367.9 MW off-grid renewable energy based power capacity. Development of alternate energy is administered through India's Ministry of New Renewable Energy (MNRE), National Thermal Power Corporation Vidyut Vyapar Nigam Ltd., (NVVNL) Energy development agencies in the various States and the Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Limited (IREDA). In terms of solar, the amount of solar energy produced in India is less than 1% of the total energy produced. It is almost entirely based on PV technology, and about 20% of the capacity is being used for off-grid applications.

The Government of India's National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) released in mid-2008, by the Prime Minister's Council on Climate Change identifies eight critical missions, including Nation Solar Mission, National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency and National Mission for Green India. Among these, the Solar Mission would be implemented in 3 stages, finally deploying 20,000 MW Grid Connected Power Plants, and generating 2000 MW of off grid solar power covering 20 million m2 with collectors, by the year 2022. The NAPCC notes that as much as 15% of India's energy could come from renewable sources by 2020. Accordingly, the NAPCC has presently set a target of 5% of power purchase from renewable, which will be increased by 1% each year to reach 15% by 2020.

India's Unique proposition

Economic Value: The generation of solar electricity coincides with the normal peak demand during daylight hours in most places, thus mitigating peak energy costs, brings total energy bills down, and obviates the need to build as much additional generation and transmission capacity as would be the case without PV.

Geographical Location: India being a tropical country receives adequate solar radiation for 300 days, amounting to 3,000 hours of sunshine equivalent to over 5,000 trillion kWh. Almost all the regions receive 4-7 kWh of solar radiation per sq mtrs with about 2,3003,200 sunshine hours/year, depending upon the location.

Power Shortage: Electricity losses in India during transmission and distribution have been extremely high over the years and this reached a worst proportion of about 24.7% during 2010-11. India is in a pressing need to tide over a peak power shortfall of 13% by reducing losses due to theft. Theft of electricity, common in most parts of urban India, amounts to 1.5% of Indias GDP. Due to shortage of electricity, power cuts are common throughout India and this has adversely affected the countrys economic growth.

CURRENT STATUS
With about 300 clear, sunny days in a year, India's theoretical solar power reception, on only its land area, is about 5000 Petawatt-hours per year (PWh/yr) (i.e. 5000 trillion kWh/yr or about 600 TW).
2 [8][9]

The daily average solar energy incident over India varies from 4 to

7 kWh/m with about 15002000 sunshine hours per year (depending upon location), which is far more than current total energy consumption. For example, assuming the efficiency of PV modules were as low as 10%, this would still be a thousand times greater than the domestic electricity demand projected for 2015.

INSTALLED CAPACITY The amount of solar energy produced in India in 2007 was less than 1% of the total energy demand. The grid-interactive solar power as of [12] December 2010 was merely 10 MW. Government-funded solar energy in India only accounted for approximately 6.4 MW-yr of power as of [11] 2005. However, India is ranked number one in terms of solar energy production per watt installed, with an insolation of 1,700 to 1,900 [13] [14] kilowatt hours per kilowatt peak (kWh/KWp). 25.1 MW was added in 2010 and 468.3 MW in 2011. By the end of March 2013 the installed [15] grid connected photovoltaics had increased to 1686.44 MW, and India expects to install an additional 10,000 MW by 2017, and a total of [16] 20,000 MW by 2022.
[11]

MAJOR CHALLENGES
Presently, solar energy is facing three fundamental challenges i.e.;cost, its manufacturing procedure (R & D) and the land acquisition for erecting solar power plants. Nevertheless, the Govt. (Central as well as State) through various policy measures has recently attempted to address these challenges. It is also estimated that once the scaling of solar energy is done a greater access to the market will be facilitated13 and its cost will come at par with conventional source of energy. All the policy measures focus on promotion of R & D in the respective technology to enhance the efficiency and viability of the project. As these technologies will be categorised as environmental sustainable technologies(ESTs); under the existing international legal framework, the developed economies have an obligation to transfer technology.14 The land acquisition policy has been always a controversial issue in India,15 but, perhaps one of the viable solutions to it is the acquisition through local bodies, panchayats & municipality. All the existing policies provide for the acquisition of land by involving local bodies and panchayats for the successful implementation of projects.

CHAPER 2 PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL Solar energy is genesis for all forms of energy. This energy can be made use of in two ways the Thermal route i.e. using heat for drying, heating, cooking or generation of electricity or through the Photovoltaic route which converts solar energy in to electricity that can be used for a myriad purposes such as lighting, pumping and generation of electricity. With its pollution free nature, virtually inexhaustible supply and global distribution- solar energy is very attractive energy resource.

Solar photovoltaic (SPV) cells convert solar radiation (sunlight) into electricity. A solar cell is a semi conducting device made of Silicon materials, which, when exposed to sunlight, generates electricity. Solar cells are connected in series and parallel combinations to form modules that provide the required power. PV modules are manufactured by assembling the solar cells after stringing, tabbing and providing other interconnections.

Product- What are product/service benefits? Why would customers need it? What is the product/service design? Explain what level the product or service belongs to

Why would customers need it? 1. 2. It works in all weather conditions, including low light and cloudy conditions. 3. It produces low cost electricity (kWh), allowing lower capital investment and increased output per rated watt. 4. It is environmentally friendly and has a shorter energy payback period (the amount of time it takes to generate enough energy to equal the energy used to produce it) than traditional photovoltaic modules. What is the product/service design? Onyx Solar lets them go beyond; Onyx lets them going green, blue, yellow, orange, brown, pink, purple... with its new, huge, patented range of colorful photovoltaic glass, now available to the market to be integrated as an artistic colored PV skylight, curtain wall, balcony or any other multifunctional constructive solution

PHOTOVOLTAIC BUILDING MATERIALS

1. GLASS TRANSPARENCY DEGREE

Dark

S Clear (10%)

M Clear(20%)

L Clear(30%)
2. WIDE RANGE OF COLORS

3. SIZE ?

4. THICKNESS
SKIN GLASS (3,2 mm + 3,2 mm)

FLOOR GLASS (6mm+3,2mm+6mm)

TECHNICAL INFORMATION

Service benefits
These advanced glasses can be used in following. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Photovoltaic skylight. Photovoltaic curtain wall Photovoltaic ventilated faade &roof Walkable Photovoltaic floor Photovoltaic Brise soleil Photovoltaic parking lot Photovoltaic window

Photovoltaic skylight : In skylight if we use the different colour glass it will give the aesthetical mosaic effect. This concept is already used in the retrofit of the food market in Bejar(Salamanca) and it generate 8763kwh/year. And Avoided CO2 emission: 2.95t . Turn Key installation of the largest integrated Photovoltaic skylight in the United State has the total area of27500 sqf. which generate 270000kwh/year.

This concept can be used by the various malls available in India say for example in Delhi itself the malls like cross river mall, Great India place, MORE etc. can use it as by using it they can create aesthetic effect and generate energy as well. Photovoltaic curtain wall: Again this can be used as curtain wall . The example of it is the one at bodegas lturralde larrabetzu (vizcaya) Architect: Naia Eguino It generate 19342 kwh/year and avoid the the CO2 emission upto 6.52t.

So we can clearly see wide scope of it to be successful in India as it can be used in hotels ,farm house, showrooms etc. Photovoltaic ventilated facade &roof: This can be very handful application of it as by using It we have following advantage Electricity production Energy saving due to insulation properties (up to 40%) Greater insulation performance Elimination of thermal bridges. Reduction of acoustic pollution Greater energy yield under low irradiation condition Greater energy yield under high temperature condition

Architect: Enrique valecillos - Emiliano Rodrfguez work is a example which produces 31837kwh/year and avoided CO2 emissions of 21.33 t So it can be used in India in corporate buildings . Walkable Photovoltaic floor We can use it for making path to the of the building , we can use it in a roof less cafe shop . Photovoltaic Brise soleil: Its a another useful application to it Photovoltaic Brise soleil installed at Arcadia university Pennsylvania(USA) is one of the example of it. Architect: kliment halsband Architects And it generate 4820kwh/year and avoid the CO2 emissions of 2.56 t. So this can be used in colleges . Photovoltaic parking lot: it can used for making the parking lot as these are the spaces which are generally open to atmosphere so we can utilize this concept to get energy.

Photovoltaic window: Again the concept is the same but the advantage with it is that we can go with design of the building to improve its aesthetic and the best part of it is that both junction box and wires are completely hidden behind the frame. The Cabinet House is the building with Photovoltaic Window located in the front of MAXXI Museum in Rome , made by Iraqi Architect Zaha Hadid was voted best building in the world in 2010.

Price

PROMOTION NOBODY READS ADS. PEOPLE READ WHAT INTERESTS THEM. SOMETIMES ITS AN AD. --- HOWARD GOSSAGE

1. Enroll with the solar energy associations By joining with the solar energy associations and also the renewable energy groups, we may enhance our reach by grouping together with the other solar energy enthusiasts and also by partnering in order to share the expenditures of promoting the usage of solar energy.

2. Send email to aimed market We will send email with a slideshare presentation attached to the aimed market for visiting our website on Solar Glasses. Also, we will request the clients to go through the important details and advantages of using the solar energy since they are our everbuying customers. 3. Publish your message in the newsletter- We in brochures, newsletters or fliers. . will publish our message

Place
Find out your aimed market In order to promote solar energy, you need to find out your

aimed market. You may begin with your local area, local schools and businesses and thus, start promoting solar energy from there.