Air Side Selection:Diffuser Selection

Design Procedure:
(a) Volume flow rate for individual zone = Peak sensible load for individual zone/ (1.2 x

1.2 x T) (b) Select and determine the number and location of diffuser used in each zone (c) Determine the rooms characteristic length, L (d) Select the recommended TV/L ratio from the table below (e) Calculate TV from values of TV/L and L Selection Base on the effective volume of the ceiling and the appearance, Circular ceiling diffusers are selected. The table below shows the characteristic of the circular ceiling diffuser.

From previous calculation, Required volume flow rate = 0.37m /s. Base on the room geometry, 3 diffuser is used Max. ADPI = 83 For ADPI greater than 80, Range of T0.25/L = 0.7-1.3 The characteristic length (L) is 3m Range of T0.25 = 2.1m - 3.6m
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Also, supply air flow rate for one diffuser = total air flow rate / number of diffusers Supply air flow rate for one diffuser = 0.37 / 3 = 0.12m /s.
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With the range of T0.25 = 2.1m to 3.6m and supply air flow rate at each diffuser =210cfm, diffuser can be selected from the various catalogue. From the tables above, 8 in. diffuser with neck velocity at 600ft/min. is chosen because it can meet the demand of required flow rate.

Sizing of Fan-coil Unit:According to the area and the function of various room, the cooling loads are different from others. However, the inlet air and water temperature ( 17oC, 7oC) are the same. So, base on the inlet condition and room cooling loads, fan-coil can be selected. The examples below show the procedure of the selection.

Calculation:4064 = ms (1.012)(26-17) ms = 0.45kg/s Vs = 0.45(273+17) /349 = 0.37 m3/s VF = 8 X 0.01 = 0.08 M3/s => VR= 0.37 - 0.08 = 0.29 L/S By, mmhm = mFhF + mRhR = 53.5J/kg Tm = 24oC db, 19.5oC wb, 63%rh The FCU cooling load = 0.45(1.012)(53.5-45) = 3.87kW Carrier Model 006 is selected. Also, the calculation can be done as:2540 = ms (1.012)(25-17) ms = 0.314kg/s Vs = 0.314 (273+17) /349 = 0.26 m3/s Also, total required fresh air = no. of people x 10 l/s/person VF = 4 X 0.01 = 0.04 M3/s VR= 0.26 - 0.04 = 0.22 L/S mmhm = mFhF + mRhR 0.26h = 0.04(45) + 0.22(53)

hm = 52kJ/kg Tm = 23.5 oC db, 18.5 oC wb, 60%rh The FCU cooling load = 0.314(1.012)(52.45) = 2.24Kw

Sizing of PAU:Total number of people in the air-conditioned space = 185 The total required fresh air flow rate = 185 x 0.01 = 1.85 m3/s So, the required capacity of the PAU (QT) = 1.85 x 1.2 x (89-45) = 100 kW the required sensible load (QS) = 1.85 x 1.2 x (33-17) = 33.5 kW SHR = 0.34 With regard from that, a PAU can be selected based on the following procedure:

Unitsize selection:Form the Quick Selection Chart, for SHR < 0.6, The maximum face velocity = 2.5m/s The air supply flow rate = 1.85m3/s = 6666m3/s Assumption: Air Entering Temperature Water entering /leaving temp. Coil distance Number of coil rows Total cooling capacity Sensible cooling capacity : Water flow Water pressure drop Air pressure drop on coil : : 27oCdb, 19oCwb : 7oC, 12oC : 2.1 mm

:6 : 106.5 81.7 : 18151 l/hr : 13.4kPa 103 Pa

Pressure drop on PAU Mixing Box : 31 Pa Plenum : 12.5Pa Bag Filters (85%): 125 Pa Pre Filters : 50 Pa Coil Total : 103 Pa : 321.5 Pa

Pressure drop of the duct + fitting Pressure drop in the critical path for air duct = Sectional Pressure(SP) at 18 + SP at 16 x SP at 14 + SP at 12 + SP at 10 + SP at 7 + SP at 6 + SP at 4 + SP at 1 = 13.9 + 5.8 + 20 + 6.7 + 18.3 + 10.8 + 9.8 + 32.1 + 5 + 3 = 125 Pa

Thus, the total pressure drop in air side = 321.5 Pa + 125 Pa = 446.5 Pa Air Pressure Drop on coil From the catalogue, the air pressure drop at coil is 110Pa. Water Side Pressure Drop From the catalogue, for water flow rate=18151 l/h, the water pressure drop at coil is 14kPa. Fan Performance Curve The total pressure drop = 446.5 Pa, and also the volume flow rate is 1.85m3/s \ Based on the catalogue, two fan are selected and their performance index are shown as below: Model Efficiency (%) Fan Power (kW) Fan speed (rpm) Noise Level ( dB) H-560 0.79 0.9 800 48 H630 0.67 0.95 680 56

From the above table, the performance including efficiency, power and noise level of H560 are better than that of H-630. Therefore, H-560 are selected as the PAU pump. Dimension Size of Fan : Modal H-630 = 790mm(L) x 790mm(W) Size of PAU : Unitsize 20 Height = 1600mm Weight = 1600mm Lenght = Length of fan section + Lenght of coil setion + length of filter + length of mixing box = 1900 + 700 + 300 + 1000 = 3600 mm

Water Side Selection:Chiller Selection From the previous calculation, the total cooling load is 213196 (61 tons). Because of the consideration of flexibility and the space available, 2 chillers is adopted \ Each chiller with about 31 tons is selected. 1. Chilled water flow rate By Q = m x CPW x T where Q = Coil load (kW) m = Chilled water flow rate (kg/s) C = Sensible heat capacity (kJ/kg) T = Chilled water temperature difference (K)

The mass flow rate of the chiller = 106.58 / {4200x(12.57)} = 4.6 l/s 2. Chilled selection Design Criteria: 1. The leaving chilled water temperature is 7oC. 2. The condenser entering air temperature is 32oC . 3. The chilled water temperature rise is 5.5oC .

Chilled Water Pipe Sizing Design Criteria 1. Pressure drop per meter pipe length is within the range 100 Pa/m to 400 Pa/m. 2. Velocity is between the range 0.6m/s to 2.5m/s. 3. Large size steel piping are utilized for the diameter of pipes greater than 150mm, with water flow at 10oC in the pipes. Heavy grades steel (black steel) piping are utilized for the diameter of pipes less than 150mm, with water flow at 10oC in the pipes. 5. Pipes Pressure Drop Calculation Pipe Pressure(Pa) = Pipe length (m) x Pipe Pressure loss per unit length (Pa/m) 6. Fitting Pressure Drop Calculation

(Pa/m)

Pump Selection:To select a suitable pump for water side equipment, two data must be calculated: 1. The total pressure drop along the critical path. 2. The total volume flow rate of the system and the pumps 1. Criterical Path Total pressure drop along the criteria path: The pipings and fittings loss (on Critical Path) The PAU coil friction loss The chiller pressure drop \ The total pressure loss = 65.2 kPa = 14 kPa = 20 kPa = 99.2 kPa

For safety function, 10% safety margin are added. Hence, the total pressure loss = 99.2 x 10% = 110kPa = 11 mH 2. Volume flow rate of each pumps As calculated before, the total cooing load of the system is 61 tons and two 31 tons(106kW) are adopted. Therefore, By Q = m x CPW x The volume flow rate of the chiller = 106.58 / {4200x(12.5-7)} = 4.6 l/s = 16.6m3/s The volume flow rate of the each pump is 4.6 l/s. Pump Fluid Power = gHQ = 1000 x 9.8 x 11 x 0.0046 = 0.5kW Power input to the shaft = gHQ/p = (0.5kW) / 0.58 = 0.86kW Assume the efficiency of the motor is 0.75 Power input to the motor = gHQ / (p x m) = (0.5kW) / 0.58x0.75 = 1.15kW