In general, information available as of 1 January, 2004 was used in the preparation of The World Fa tboo!

"

This page was last updated on 10 February, 200#

Legend:

$efinition

Field %isting

&an! 'rder

Introduction
Background:

Angola
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Angola has begun to enjoy the fruits of peace since the end of a 27-year civil war in 2002. Fighting between the Popular Move ent for the !iberation of Angola "MP!A#$ led by %ose &duardo '() )A*+()$ and the *ational ,nion for the +otal -ndependence of Angola ",*-+A#$ led by %onas )A.-M/-$ followed independence fro Portugal in 0172. Peace see ed i inent in 0112 when Angola held national elections$ but ,*-+A renewed fighting after being beaten by the MP!A at the polls. ,p to 0.2 illion lives ay have been lost - and 3 illion people displaced - in the 4uarter century of fighting. )A.-M/-5s death in 2002 ended ,*-+A5s insurgency and strengthened the MP!A5s hold on power. '() )A*+() has pledged to hold national elections in 2006. Geography
Location:

Angola
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)outhern Africa$ bordering the )outh Atlantic (cean$ between *a ibia and 'e ocratic 7epublic of the 8ongo
Geographic coordinates:

02 90 )$ 0: 90 &
Map references:
)fri a

Area:

total: 0$236$700 s4 ; land: 0$236$700 s4 ; water: 0 s4 ;

Area - comparative:

slightly less than twice the si<e of +e=as

Land boundaries:

total: 2$01: ; border countries: 'e ocratic 7epublic of the 8ongo 2$200 ; "of which 222 ; is the boundary of discontiguous 8abinda Province#$ 7epublic of the 8ongo 200 ; $ *a ibia 0$976 ; $ >a bia 0$000 ;
Coastline:

0$600 ;
Maritime claims:

territorial sea: 02 n contiguous zone: 23 n exclusive economic zone: 200 n

Climate:

se iarid in south and along coast to !uanda? north has cool$ dry season "May to (ctober# and hot$ rainy season "*ove ber to April#
errain:

narrow coastal plain rises abruptly to vast interior plateau

!levation e"tremes:

lowest point: Atlantic (cean 0 highest point: Morro de Moco 2$620

#atural resources:

petroleu $ dia onds$ iron ore$ phosphates$ copper$ feldspar$ gold$ bau=ite$ uraniu

Land use:

arable land: 2.30@ permanent crops: 0.23@ other: 17.92@ "2000#

Irrigated land:

720 s4 ;
#atural ha$ards:

"011: est.#

locally heavy rainfall causes periodic flooding on the plateau

!nvironment - current issues:

overuse of pastures and subse4uent soil erosion attributable to population pressures? desertification? deforestation of tropical rain forest$ in response to both international de and for tropical ti ber and to do estic use as fuel$ resulting in loss of biodiversity? soil erosion contributing to water pollution and siltation of rivers and da s? inade4uate supplies of potable water
!nvironment - international agreements:

party to: /iodiversity$ 8li ate 8hange$ 'esertification$ !aw of the )ea$ (<one !ayer Protection$ )hip Pollution signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agree ents
Geography - note:

the province of 8abinda is an e=clave$ separated fro country by the 'e ocratic 7epublic of the 8ongo %eople
%opulation:

the rest of the

Angola
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00$17:$222 "%uly 2003 est.#

Age structure:

0-14 years: 39.2@ " ale 2$300$926? fe ale 2$969$96:# 15- 4 years: 29.7@ " ale 2$11:$:12? fe ale 2$:17$:97# 5 years and over: 2.:@ " ale 097$930? fe ale 070$7:1# "2003 est.#
Median age:

total: 0:.0 years male: 0:.0 years female: 0:.0 years "2003 est.#
%opulation gro&th rate:

0.19@ "2003 est.#

Birth rate:

32.03 birthsA0$000 population "2003 est.#

'eath rate:

22.:6 deathsA0$000 population "2003 est.#

#et migration rate:

0
(e" ratio:

igrant"s#A0$000 population "2003 est.#

at birth: 0.02 ale"s#Afe ale under 15 years: 0.02 ale"s#Afe ale 15- 4 years: 0.03 ale"s#Afe ale 5 years and over: 0.: ale"s#Afe ale total population: 0.02 ale"s#Afe ale "2003 est.#

Infant mortality rate:

total: 012.2 deathsA0$000 live births male: 203.17 deathsA0$000 live births female: 071.30 deathsA0$000 live births "2003 est.#
Life e"pectancy at birth:

total population: 96.71 years male: 96.06 years female: 97.22 years "2003 est.#
otal fertility rate:

6.99 children bornAwo an "2003 est.#

)I*+AI'( - adult prevalence rate:

9.1@ "2009 est.#

)I*+AI'( - people living &ith )I*+AI'(:

230$000 "2009 est.#

)I*+AI'( - deaths:

20$000 "2009 est.#

#ationality:

noun: Angolan"s# ad!ective: Angolan

!thnic groups:

(vi bundu 97@$ Bi bundu 22@$ /a;ongo 09@$ estico " i=ed &uropean and *ative African# 2@$ &uropean 0@$ other 22@
,eligions:

indigenous beliefs 37@$ 7o an 8atholic 9:@$ Protestant 02@ "011: est.#

Languages:

Portuguese "official#$ /antu and other African languages

Literacy:

definition: age 02 and over can read and write total population: 32@ male: 26@ female: 2:@ "011: est.# Government
Country name:

Angola
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conventional long form: 7epublic of Angola conventional short form: Angola local long form: 7epublica de Angola local short form: Angola former: People5s 7epublic of Angola
Government type:

republic$ no inally a syste

Capital:

ultiparty de ocracy with a strong presidential

!uanda
Administrative divisions:

0: provinces "provincias$ singular - provincia#? /engo$ /enguela$ /ie$ 8abinda$ 8uando 8ubango$ 8uan<a *orte$ 8uan<a )ul$ 8unene$

Cua bo$ Cuila$ !uanda$ !unda *orte$ !unda )ul$ Malanje$ Mo=ico$ *a ibe$ ,ige$ >aire
Independence:

00 *ove ber 0172 "fro

#ational holiday:

Portugal#

-ndependence 'ay$ 00 *ove ber "0172#

Constitution:

00 *ove ber 0172? revised 7 %anuary 017:$ 00 August 01:0$ 6 March 0110$ and 26 August 0112? note - new constitution has not yet been approved
Legal system:

based on Portuguese civil law syste and custo ary law? recently odified to acco odate political pluralis and increased use of free ar;ets
(uffrage:

0: years of age? universal

!"ecutive branch:

chief of state: President %ose &duardo '() )A*+() "since 20 )epte ber 0171#? note - the president is both chief of state and head of govern ent head of government: President %ose &duardo '() )A*+() "since 20 )epte ber 0171#? note - the president is both chief of state and head of govern ent? Fernando de Piedade 'ias '() )A*+() was appointed Pri e Minister on 6 'ece ber 2002$ but this is not a position of real power cabinet: 8ouncil of Ministers appointed by the president elections: president elected by universal ballot for a *A-year ter ? President '() )A*+() originally elected "in 0171# without opposition under a one-party syste and stood for reelection in Angola5s first ultiparty elections 21-90 )epte ber 0112 "ne=t to be held *A# election results: '() )A*+() 31.6@$ %onas )A.-M/- 30.0@$ a;ing a run-off election necessary? the run-off was not held and )A.-M/-5s *ational ,nion for the +otal -ndependence of Angola ",*-+A# repudiated the results of the first election? the civil war resu ed
Legislative branch:

unica eral *ational Asse bly or Asse bleia *acional "220 seats? e bers elected by proportional vote to serve four-year ter s# elections: last held 21-90 )epte ber 0112 "ne=t to be held *A# election results: percent of vote by party - MP!A 23@$ ,*-+A 93@$ others 02@? seats by party - MP!A 021$ ,*-+A 70$ P7) 6$ F*!A 2$ P!' 9$ others 7
-udicial branch:

)upre e 8ourt or +ribunal da 7elacao "judges are appointed by the president#

%olitical parties and leaders:

!iberal 'e ocratic Party or P!' DAnalia de .ictoria P&7&-7AE? *ational Front for the !iberation of Angola or F*!A Ddisputed leadershipF !ucas *G(*'A$ Colden 7(/&7+(E? *ational ,nion for the +otal -ndependence of Angola or ,*-+A D-saias )AMAB,.AE$ largest opposition party has engaged in years of ar ed resistance? Popular Move ent for the !iberation of Angola or MP!A D%ose &duardo

'() )A*+()E$ ruling party in power since 0172? )ocial 7enewal Party or P7) Ddisputed leadershipF &duardo B,A*GA*A$ Antonio M,A8C-8,*G(E note: about a do<en inor parties participated in the 0112 elections but only won a few seats and have little influence in the *ational Asse bly
%olitical pressure groups and leaders:

Front for the !iberation of the &nclave of 8abinda or F!&8 D*5<ita Cenri4ues +-AG(? Antonio /ento /&M/&E note: F!&8 is waging a s all-scale$ highly factionali<ed$ ar ed struggle for the independence of 8abinda Province
International organi$ation participation:

A8P$ Af'/$ A,$ FA($ G-77$ -A&A$ -/7'$ -8A($ -88t "signatory#$ -8F+,$ -87M$ -'A$ -FA'$ -F8$ -F78)$ -!($ -MF$ -M($ -nterpol$ -(8$ -(M$ -)( "correspondent#$ -+,$ M-GA$ *AM$ (A) "observer#$ )A'8$ ,*$ ,*8+A'$ ,*&)8($ ,*-'($ ,P,$ H8($ HF+,$ HC($ H-P($ HM($ H+o($ H+(
'iplomatic representation in the .(:

chief of mission: A bassador %osefina Perpetua Pitra '-AB-'chancery: 200: 06th )treet *H$ Hashington$ '8 20001 telephone: D0E "202# 7:2-0026 "#$: D0E "202# 7:2-022: consulate%s& general: Couston and *ew Ior;
'iplomatic representation from the .(:

chief of mission: A bassador 8hristopher Hillia '&!! embassy: nu ber 92 7ua Couari /ou edienne "in the Mira ar area of !uanda#$ !uanda mailing address: international ailF 8ai=a Postal 636:$ !uanda? pouchF A erican & bassy !uanda$ 'epart ent of )tate$ Hashington$ '8 20220-2220 telephone: D233E "2# 332-3:0$ 337-02:$ 336-223 "#$: D233E "2# 336-123
/lag description:

two e4ual hori<ontal bands of red "top# and blac; with a centered yellow e ble consisting of a five-pointed star within half a cogwheel crossed by a achete "in the style of a ha er and sic;le# !conomy
!conomy - overvie&:

Angola
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Angola has been an econo y in disarray because of a 4uarter century of nearly continuous warfare. An apparently durable peace was established after the death of rebel leader %onas )A.-M/- on February 22$ 2002$ but conse4uences fro the conflict continue including the i pact of widespread land ines. )ubsistence agriculture provides the ain livelihood for :2@ of the population. (il production and the supporting activities are vital to the econo y$ contributing about 32@ to G'P and ore than half of e=ports. Much of the country5s food ust still be i ported. +o fully ta;e advantage of its rich natural resources - gold$ dia onds$ e=tensive forests$ Atlantic fisheries$ and large oil deposits - Angola will need to continue refor ing govern ent policies and to reduce corruption. Hhile Angola ade progress in bringing inflation down further$ fro 922@ in 2000 to about 006@ in 2002$ the govern ent has

failed to a;e sufficient progress on refor s reco ended by the -MF such as increasing foreign e=change reserves and pro oting greater transparency in govern ent spending. -ncreased oil production supported 7@ G'P growth in 2009.
G'%:

purchasing power parity - J20.32 billion "2009 est.#

G'% - real gro&th rate:

0.2@ "2009 est.#

G'% - per capita:

purchasing power parity - J0$100 "2009 est.#

G'% - composition by sector:

agriculture: :@ industry: 67@ services: 22@ "2000 est.#

Investment 0gross fi"ed1:

90.7@ of G'P "2009#

%opulation belo& poverty line:

70@ "2009 est.#

)ousehold income or consumption by percentage share:

lowest 10': *A highest 10': *A 76.6@ "2009 est.#

Inflation rate 0consumer prices1: Labor force:

2.27
Labor force - by occupation:

illion "2009 est.#

agriculture :2@$ industry and services 02@ "2009 est.#

.nemployment rate:

e=tensive une ploy ent and undere ploy ent affecting the population "2000 est.#
Budget:

ore than half

revenues: J3.:73 billion expenditures: J6.002 billion$ including capital e=penditures of J169 illion "2009 est.#
Agriculture - products:

bananas$ sugarcane$ coffee$ sisal$ corn$ cotton$ anioc "tapioca#$ tobacco$ vegetables$ plantains? livestoc;? forest products? fish
Industries:

petroleu ? dia onds$ iron ore$ phosphates$ feldspar$ bau=ite$ uraniu $ and gold? ce ent? basic etal products? fish processing? food processing? brewing? tobacco products? sugar? te=tiles
Industrial production gro&th rate:

0@ "2000#
!lectricity - production:

0.32 billion ;Hh "2000#

!lectricity - consumption:

0.93: billion ;Hh "2000#

!lectricity - e"ports:

0 ;Hh "2000#
!lectricity - imports:

0 ;Hh "2000#
2il - production:

732$300 bblAday "2000 est.#

2il - consumption:

90$000 bblAday "2000 est.#

2il - e"ports:

*A "2000#
2il - imports:

*A "2000#
2il - proved reserves:

2.610 billion bbl "0 %anuary 2002#

#atural gas - production:

290
#atural gas - consumption:

illion cu illion cu

"2000 est.# "2000 est.#

290
#atural gas - e"ports:

0 cu
#atural gas - imports:

"2000 est.# "2000 est.# "0 %anuary 2002#

0 cu
#atural gas - proved reserves:

71.27 billion cu
Current account balance:

J-372
!"ports:

illion "2009#

J1.661 billion f.o.b. "2009 est.#

!"ports - commodities:

crude oil$ dia onds$ refined petroleu and fish products$ ti ber$ cotton
!"ports - partners:

products$ gas$ coffee$ sisal$ fish

,) 37.7@$ 8hina 29.3@$ +aiwan :@$ France 7.3@ "2009#

Imports:

J3.0: billion f.o.b. "2009 est.#

Imports - commodities:

achinery and electrical e4uip ent$ vehicles and spare parts? food$ te=tiles$ ilitary goods
Imports - partners:

edicines$

Portugal 0:.2@$ )outh Africa 02.3@$ ,) 02.2@$ *etherlands 00.6@$ France 6.2@$ /ra<il 6.0@$ ,B 3.2@ "2009#
,eserves of foreign e"change 3 gold:

J69:.3
'ebt - e"ternal:

illion "2009#

J1.063 billion "2009 est.#

!conomic aid - recipient:

J9:9.2
Currency:

illion "0111#

;wan<a "A(A#
Currency code:

A(A
!"change rates:

;wan<a per ,) dollar - 73.6069 "2009#$ 39.2902 "2002#$ 22.0271 "2000#$ 00.030 "2000#$ 2.710 "0111#$ 0.919 "011:#? note - in 'ece ber 0111 the ;wan<a was revalued with si= <eroes dropped off the old value
/iscal year:

calendar year Communications Angola

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elephones - main lines in use:

16$900 "2009#
elephones - mobile cellular:

090$000 "2002#
elephone system:

general assessment: telephone service li ited ostly to govern ent and business use? CF radiotelephone used e=tensively for ilitary lin;s domestic: li ited syste of wire$ icrowave radio relay$ and tropospheric scatter international: country code - 233? satellite earth stations - 2 -ntelsat "Atlantic (cean#? fiber optic sub arine cable ")A+-9AHA)8# provides connectivity to &urope and Asia
,adio broadcast stations:

AM 20$ FM 6$ shortwave 7 "2000#

elevision broadcast stations:

6 "2000#
Internet country code:

.ao
Internet hosts:

07 "2009#
Internet users:

30$000 "2002# ransportation

,ail&ays:

Angola
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total: 2$760 ; narrow gauge: 2$69: ;

)igh&ays:

0.067-

gauge? 029 ;

0.600-

gauge "2009#

total: 20$321 ; paved: 2$931 ; unpaved: 36$0:0 ;

4ater&ays:

"0111#

0$900 ;

"2003#

%ipelines:

gas 203 ; ? li4uid natural gas 03 ; ? li4uid petroleu :97 ; ? refined products 26 ; "2003#
%orts and harbors:

gas 90 ; ? oil

A bri<$ 8abinda$ !obito$ !uanda$ Malongo$ *a ibe "Moca edes#$ Porto A boi $ )oyo
Merchant marine:

total: 7 ships "0$000 G7+ or over# 26$029 G7+A32$:71 'H+ by type: cargo 6$ petroleu tan;er 0 registered in other countries: 3 "2003 est.#
Airports:

233 "2009 est.#

Airports - &ith paved run&ays:

total: 92 over (,04) m: 3 *,4(+ to (,04) m: : 1,5*4 to *,4() m: 03 ,14 to 1,5*( m: 2 under ,14 m: 0 "2003 est.#
Airports - &ith unpaved run&ays:

total: 200 over (,04) m: 2 *,4(+ to (,04) m: 3 1,5*4 to *,4() m: 90 ,14 to 1,5*( m: 12 under ,14 m: :0 "2003 est.# Military
Military branches:

Angola
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Ar y$ *avy "Marinha de Guerra$ MdG#$ Air and Air 'efense Forces "FA*A#
Military manpo&er military age and obligation:

07 years of age for co pulsory ilitary service? conscript service obligation - 2 years plus ti e for training "2000#
Military manpo&er availability:

males age 15-4,: 2$620$201 "2003 est.#

Military manpo&er - fit for military service:

males age 15-4,: 0$907$92: "2003 est.#

Military manpo&er reaching military age annually: Military e"penditures dollar figure:

males: 009$009 "2003 est.# J262.0 illion "2009#

Military e"penditures percent of G'%:

0.1@ "2009# Angola

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ransnational Issues
'isputes - international:

continues to give shelter to refugees fro the 'e ocratic 7epublic of the 8ongo while any Angolan refugees and 8abinda e=clave

secessionists reside in neighboring states

,efugees and internally displaced persons:

-./s: 30$000 - 60$000 "27-year civil war ending in 2002? 3 already have returned# "2003#

illion -'Ps

Illicit drugs:

used as a transship ent point for cocaine destined for Hestern &urope and other African states
This page was last updated on 10 February, 200#