South Dakota Power and Energy-Energy Plan

By Zane B., Mustafa S., Harley L., and Stephen R.

Mission StatementAs a company, we plan to reduce the use of nonrenewable resources, alongside the cost of producing clean energy. In this way we plan to move South Dakota toward a future of independence based on cheaper energy and renewable resources.

Goal ApplicationsIn order to achieve our goals we need to have an understanding of the physics of energy, and generation practices, here is some of the basic information needed.

Conservation of EnergyThe law of conservation says that Energy cannot be lost it only changes form. Electricity can change into heat; heat can change the temperature of the surrounding objects such as gas, so on and so forth. If energy cannot be lost, then energy can be used over and over, and that is what our proposal is saying.1

Explain Kinetic and Potential EnergyThe difference between kinetic and potential energy are quite easy to understand. Kinetic energy of an object is the energy in which it possesses due to its motion. This can be demonstrated like a rollercoaster when it is moving down a long drop. Potential energy is the energy possessed by a body according to its position relative to others, stresses within itself, electric charge that it can have, and other factors. Potential energy can be thought of like a bow and arrow. The persons arm while pulling the string exerts potential energy into the bow because it bends as the string pulls back. When the string is released, the arrow is turned into kinetic energy as it flies through the air.

Generators and TurbinesThere are many types of generators and turbines but most work using the same principle. There is a mechanical energy source, which is referred to as the turbine that turns the generator. in the generator there is a large (usually electric) magnet that spins on an axle near coils of wire. As the magnet spins its magnetic field also spins, while it spins the magnetic field

forces electrons to move along the wire much like a pump. In this way a generator pumps out electricity.10 Depending on how much electrons, or how fast the magnet moves electrons; the generator outputs different volts and amps. The volts and amps can be adjusted by the speed that the magnet spins, and the power of the magnet. Turbines used to power generators can be a variety of things such as, windmills, cranks, fans, and combustion engines.

How Electricity TravelsElectrons move inside the metal. But that is only half of it. The electrons move because there is an electric field which accelerates them. It turns out that the energy is in the electric field and not in the electrons. And in an electric circuit the electrons flow slowly in wires like the water flows in a calm river. But when they are subjected to a steep potential drop at the load (lamp, electric motor etc.) they suddenly release the potential energy of the electric field that keeps them moving.

Our GoalsOur Company has different goals and plans specific to each region, because of this we have them split up into the following regions.

West RiverWest Rivers landscape currently consists of smaller towns, (minus the Black Hills area) and dry grazing lands. These two factors mean that the West River area does not have relatively high energy demands in most areas. This allows for a lot of space for renewable energy resources such as solar panels. West Rivers current energy needs are around 465 million btu per capita which is mainly met by the Lange gas turbines near Rapid City1.(current gas turbine stats located in the financial data chart) Because of West Rivers unique low population and open landscape and large hilly areas along with pastures and valleys; it has a large potential for energy farms in various areas. Our companys goal is to promote and install more sources of renewable energy in the area. We plan to focus on developing new wind farms in profitable areas (potentially with new wind harvesters), as well as promote the idea and building of large scale solar array farms. Both of these goals will help support our company's overall ideals and interests. The production and installation of these new generators will support the local economy by reducing their energy prices and allowing the sale of energy from the high yielding areas. Both of these results will stimulate the local economy. West River has recently begun the installation of a new transport line. Because of this new transport line we would have easier access to the energy grid and intern an easier availability of electricity to transport. With the addition of these new energy generators the west river area would be able to produce more than enough energy to fund and sustain its renewable sources while still producing a profit. We have compiled a map of the ideal wind and solar generator locations in West River. The following map comparison shows the three areas where we will focus on the building of

new wind and solar generators. Any further info about west rivers energy can be found here.(http://www.eia.gov/beta/state/?sid=SD)

Map Source from-(http://www.epa.gov/oswercpa/maps_data_sd.htm)

West River Generator Financial Data-

Generator
Gas Turbine2,5,8,7

Cost

Maintenance

Output
6,960-10,430 Btu/kWh

Fuel Cost
Production-$69.60 Bcf/d Cost-$3.412 MMBtu

$1,000 per $17,188 per year kilowatt of capacity installed

Wind Turbine3,6

$1.3-$2.2 million per installed turbine

1.5% to 2% of the original investment annually

Rotor size-1080m Output-252500kw 1,000 watts per square meter at 100% efficiency

ProductionMaintenance Fees Cost-$0

Solar Array4

$3.40 per wattage of installed panel

Little to none

ProductionMaintenance Fees Cost-$0

Glacial Lakes
The Glacial Lakes region is important to the South Dakotas power plan because there is a large potential for ethanol production because of the ethanol plants that are there. The Glacial Lakes region also has a large potential for hydroelectricity. There are plenty of rivers where this type of power can be harnessed. The benefits of hydroelectricity are that it can be monitored easily and can increase or decrease how much energy is being produced. The ethanol plant in the Glacial Lakes region can be added to and will then produce larger amounts of power. Ethanol is very clean and so is hydroelectricity.

Great LakesThe Great Lakes Region has been working with hydro electric energy. Last year hydro electric energy had accounted for 54% of South Dakotas total energy production. It is also been working with wind energy since 2005.

South EastThe Southeast regions of South Dakota are important because they are the economic and population hub of the state. This region contains around a third of the states population. This region can produce plenty of hydroelectric energy to power the state with the Sioux valley and the Sioux river located here. Neighboring counties are known to have economic ties with

South Dakota, such as the great plains casino and hotel in Iowa but attracting plenty of revenue from South Dakota residents. With revenue also coming in from Nebraska, Minnesota and Iowa, plenty of resources can be generated to meet the needs of regional communities. Our companies goals are to provide these renewable resources to these communities and to help in the development of this regions energy sources.

SummeryOur companys goal is to promote and install more sources of renewable energy in the area. We plan to focus on developing new wind farms in profitable areas (potentially with new wind harvesters), as well as promote the idea and building of large scale solar array farms. We will provide these renewable resources to these communities and to help in the development of this regions energy sources. With sustainable energy solutions we can make our economy and revenue more profitable and use more eco-friendly energy solutions that help communities with fewer bills to pay, including taxes that create a better outlook on the states economy.

Works Cited
1)"U.S. Energy Information Administration - EIA - Independent Statistics and Analysis." South Dakota. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Dec. 2012. <http://www.eia.gov/beta/state/?sid=SD>. 2)"Clean & Efficient." - America's Natural Gas Alliance. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Dec. 2012. <http://www.anga.us/issues--policy/power-generation/clean--efficient>. 3)"How Much Do Wind Turbines Cost?" Welcome to Windustry. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Dec. 2012. <http://www.windustry.org/resources/how-much-do-wind-turbines-cost>. 4)"Solar Stocks: Does the Punishment Fit the Crime? (FSLR, SPWRA, STP, JASO, TSL, LDK, TAN)." 247wallst.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Dec. 2012. <http://247wallst.com/2011/10/06/solarstocks-does-the-punishment-fit-the-crime-fslr-spwra-stp-jaso-tsl-ldk-tan/>. 5)"U.S. Energy Information Administration - EIA - Independent Statistics and Analysis." Natural Gas. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Dec. 2012. <http://www.eia.gov/naturalgas/weekly/>. 6)"Wind Turbines." Wind Turbines. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Dec. 2012. <http://www.windmeasurementinternational.com/wind-turbines/om-turbines.php>. 7)http://www2.emersonprocess.com/siteadmincenter/PM%20Rosemount%20Documents/00830 -4100-4811.pdf 8)http://www.geenergy.com/content/multimedia/_files/downloads/dataform_2046207337_2809806.pdf 9)Chandler, Tom. "The Law of Conservation of Energy." ThinkQuest. 2001. Accessed December 13, 2012. http://library.thinkquest.org/2745/data/lawce1.htm. 10)Brain, Marshall, William Harris and Robert Lamb. "How Electricity Works" 28 May 2004. HowStuffWorks.com. <http://science.howstuffworks.com/electricity.htm> 16 December 2012.