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Rules of Exponents

Topic 6.2.1
1

Lesson Topic

1.1.1 .2.1

Rules of Exponents
What it means for you:
ou!ll multiply and divide algebraic e"pressions using the rules of e"ponents.

California Standards:
2.0 Students understand and use such operations as taking the opposite, finding the reciprocal, taking a root, and raising to a fractional power. They understand and use the rules of exponents. 10.0 Students add, subtract, multiply, and divide monomials and polynomials. Students solve multistep problems, including word problems, by using these techniques.

Key words:
# e"ponent

Lesson Topic

1.1.1 .2.1

Rules of Exponents

ou learned about the rules of exponents in Topic 1.$.1. %n this Topic, you!ll apply those same rules to monomials and polynomials. &e!ll start with a quick recap of the rules of exponents to make sure you remember them all.

Lesson Topic

1.1.1 .2.1

Rules of Exponents

!se the Rules of Exponents to Simplify Expressions These are the same rules you learned in 2hapter 1, but this time you!ll use them to simplify algebraic e"pressions3 Rules of Exponents 1' xa(xb ) xa*b $' -xa'b ) xab 0' x. ) 1 1'
4

2' xa + xb ) xa,b -if x .' /' -cx'b ) cbxb 1 6' x,a ) xa -if x .'

Topic

.2.1
Example

Rules of Exponents
1

Simplify the e"pression -,2x2m'-,$x$m$'. Solution -,2x2m'-,$x$m$' ) -,2'-,$'-x2'-x$'-m'-m$' ) 6x2*$(m1*$ ) x"m# &ut all like 'aria(les together !se Rule 1 and add the po$ers 4ule 1' xa(xb ) xa*b
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Solution follo$s%

Topic

.2.1
Example

Rules of Exponents
2

Simplify the e"pression -$a2xb$'2. Solution -$a2xb$'2 ) $2(a2(2(x2(b$(2 ) )a x b


# 2

!se Rules * and # 4ule $' -xa'b ) xab 4ule /' -cx'b ) cbxb
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Solution follo$s%

Topic

.2.1
Example

Rules of Exponents
*

Simplify the e"pression Solution

. 4ule 2' xa + xb ) xa,b -if x .' 4ule 0' x. ) 1

) ) ) 2xm2

Separate the expression into parts that ha'e only one 'aria(le !se Rule 2 and su(tract the po$ers +rom Rule ", anything to the po$er 0 is 1
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Solution follo$s%

Lesson Topic

1.1.1 .2.1

Rules of Exponents

Guided Practice Simplify each e"pression. 1. ,$at-/a2t$'


,-* . #/,a . a2/,t . t*/ 0 -12a,1 1 2/t,1 1 */ ,Rule 1/ 0 -12a*t#

2. -,0x$yt2'-,2x2y$t'
,-" . -2/,x* . x2/,y . y*/,t2 . t/ 0 10x,* 1 2/y,1 1 */t,2 1 1/ ,Rule 1/ 0 10x"y#t*

*. -,2x2y$'$

,-2/,1 . */x,2 . */y,* . */ ,Rule */ 0 ,-2/*x y) 0 -2x y)

#. ,2mx-$m2x , /m2x * m$x$'

-2mx,-m2x 1 m*x*/ 0 2m,1 1 2/x,1 1 1/ - 2m,1 1 */x,1 1 */ ,Rule 1/ 0 2m*x2 - 2m#x#

". -,$x2t'$-,2x$t2'2

,,-*/*x,2 . */t*/,,-2/2x,* . 2/t,2 . 2// ,Rule */ 0 ,-23x t*/,#x t#/ 0 -102x, 1 /t,* 1 #/ ,Rule 1/ 0 -102x12t3

. ,2mc-,$m2c$ * 0mc'

m,1 1 2/c,1 1 */ - 10m,1 1 1/c,1 1 1/ ,Rule 1/ 0 m*c# - 10m2c2


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Solution follo$s%

Lesson Topic

1.1.1 .2.1

Rules of Exponents

Guided Practice Simplify each e"pression. 3.


0 "m,* - 2/n,2 - */z, 0 "mn"z"
- 1/

2.
,Rule 2/ 0 ,1# 4 #/a,2 - 3/b,# - #/c,2 - 0/ ,Rule 2/ 0 a-"c2 ,Rule "/ 0 ,Rule /

).
0 ,12 4 2/j,2 - 2/k,-2 - -10/m,-1 - #/ ,Rule 2/ 0 j k2m-" 0 ,Rule /

10.
0 ,1 4 *2/b,) - " . 2/a,# - * . 2/c,-1 . 2/j# ,Rule 2/ 0 b-1a-2c-2j# 0 ,Rule /
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Solution follo$s%

Topic

.2.1
Simplify. 1.

Rules of Exponents

Independent Practice 2. #. /m2x2-x2 * x * 1' . 2a-a , /' , $-a , /'


2a2 - 11a 1 12 #m2x# 1 #m2x* 1 #m2x2

*. /a2-a2 , b2' ". a-a * /' * /-a * /'


2 1$ a2 12 1 * $nx * 2' , /m2n$ 3. m n2 -a mx

#a# - #a2b2

2 2 $ 5 $ 1. 2 $ 2. /m m m * 2 n ' * n * 2-m n 2 * # /' ,2 $ *m n n x 1 *m n x - 2m n

m"n10 1 1 m2n2 - m*n1*


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Solution follo$s%

Topic

.2.1
Simplify. ). 11.

Rules of Exponents

Independent Practice

10. 12.

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Solution follo$s%

Topic

.2.1

Rules of Exponents

Independent Practice 8ind the value of 6 that makes these statements true. 1*. m?-m/ * 2m$' ) m6 * 2m0
5 02

1#. m/a6-$m?a5 * /m2a6' ) $m1a1/ * /m6a7


5 0*

1".
5 0#

1 .
5 03

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Solution follo$s%

Topic

.2.1

Rules of Exponents

Round !p ou can apply the rules of e"ponents to any alge(raic 'alues. %n this Topic you 9ust dealt with monomials, but the rules work with e"pressions with more than one term too.

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