Anatomy and Physiology of the Biliary tree

Parts of thee Biliary tree 1) Liver -It is the organ that contains the gall bladder. -Organ that produce bile -It secretes about 700ml of bile each day Function of the Liver - elps in digestion -!"cretion -#utrient conversion -$eto"ification of harmful chemicals %) #ucleases. +) ,all bladder --torage of bile .) /ile -It is a bitter-tasting) dar0 green to yello1ish bro1n fluid) produced by the liver of most vertebrates) that aids the process of digestion of lipids in the small intestine. In many species) bile is stored in the gallbladder and upon eating is discharged into the duodenum. &ancreas -It produced pancreatic en'ymes that helps in digestion such as( Lipase) *mylase)

/ile salts-it emulsify fats) brea0ing the fat globules into smaller droplets) much li0e the action of detergents in dish 1ater $ucts involved in bile flo1 -2he hepatic duct from the liver lobes combines to form common hepatic duct -2he common hepatic duct combines cystic duct from the gallbladder to form the common bile duct. -2he common bile duct 3oints the pancreatic duct -2he combined duct empires into the duodenum at the duodenal papilla. -&ancreatic secretions may also may also enter the duodenum through an accessory pancreatic duct) 1hich also empires to the duodenum.

Bile Production 1) /ile is produced by hepatocytes) draining through the many bile ducts that penetrate the liver. $uring this process) the epithelial cells add a 1atery solution that is rich in bicarbonates that dilutes and increases al0alinity of the solution. %) /ile then flo1s into the common hepatic duct) 1hich 3oins 1ith the cystic duct from the gallbladder to form the common bile duct. +) 2he common bile duct in turn 3oins 1ith the pancreatic duct to empty into the duodenum. If the sphincter of Oddi is closed) bile is prevented from draining into the intestine and instead flo1s into the gallbladder) 1here it is stored and concentrated to up to five times its original potency bet1een meals. 2his concentration occurs through the absorption of 1ater and small electrolytes) 1hile retaining all the original organic molecules. .) 4holesterol is also released 1ith the bile) dissolved in the acids and fats found in the concentrated solution. 5hen food is released by the stomach into the duodenum in the form of chyme) the duodenum releases cholecysto0inin) 1hich causes the gallbladder to release the concentrated bile to complete digestion. 6-ecretin-released from the duodenum that stimulate bile secretion. 64holecysto0in-stimulates the gall bladder to contract and release bile into the duodenum. 67agus- in parasympathetic stimulation) it stimulates bile secretion and release.