The Mystery of the Gentiles

Who are they and where are they now? By Ted R. Weiland Chapter 1 Setting the Stage
Nearly everyone enjoys a good mystery. Most of us can recall a book or movie that captivated us from the opening sentence through the very last scene. This accounts for the popularity of mysteries by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Agatha Christie and others. !et none of these authors" #orks compare to the mysteries presented in the book inspired by the greatest of all authors. Scottish novelist and poet Sir $alter Scott claimed that the greatest mystery of all is contained #ithin the %oly Scriptures&
$ithin that a#ful volume lies the mystery of mysteries'(

The greatest suspense novels pale in comparison #ith the mysteries found in the #ords inspired by !ah#eh"s %oly Spirit) *)+!ah#eh, is the personal %ebre# name of the -od of the .ible./0&
1or my thoughts are not your thoughts neither are your #ays my #ays saith !ah#eh.)) *))$here the Tetragrammaton !%$% 2 the four %ebre# characters that represent the personal name of -od 2 has been incorrectly rendered the LORD or GOD in Scripture 3 have taken the liberty to correct this error by inserting Yahweh #here appropriate./0 1or as the heavens are higher than the earth so are my #ays higher than your #ays and my thoughts than your thoughts. 4 3saiah 55&678))) *)))All Scripture is 9uoted from the :ing ;ames <ersion unless other#ise noted.0 = the depth of the riches both of the #isdom and kno#ledge of -od' %o# unsearchable are his judgments and his #ays past finding out' 1or #ho hath kno#n the mind of the >ord?@ 4 Aomans ((&BB7BC)))) *))))Dortions of Scripture have been omitted for brevity"s sake. 3f there are 9uestions regarding any passage please open your .ibles and study the teEt to ensure that it has been properly used.0

!ah#eh embodies mysteries and distinctive #onders along #ith infinite concepts and principles that are beyond the finite capabilities of man to fully understand. 1or instance !ahshua"s virgin conception and %is dual divine and human nature are incomprehensible to the human mind and therefore can only be received by faith. ))))) *)))))Yahshua is the Fnglish transliteration of our Savior"s %ebre# name./0 Moses declared that !ah#eh purposely concealed certain things but those %e does reveal belong to us that #e might better serve %im&
The secret things belong unto !ah#eh our -od& but those things #hich are revealed belong unto us and to our children for ever that #e may do all the #ords of this la#. 4 Deuteronomy /8&/8

;ob B/&6 informs us that +the inspiration of the Almighty giveth ? understanding., !ah#eh has given %is Spirit to Christians that they might kno# #hat is other#ise incomprehensible to

carnal man *( Corinthians /&G7(C0. No man kno#s !ah#eh in %is fullness but that #hich can be kno#n of %im is revealed in %is $ord through %is Spirit. There are enigmas in the .ible that our finite minds are unable to comprehend fully. .ut there are also mysteries #ithin that incredible book that !ah#eh has given us to solve 4 if #e are #illing to search for the clues&
3t is the glory of -od to conceal a thing& but the honour of kings is to search out a matter. 4 Droverbs /5&/

This book is devoted to one of the .ible"s greatest mysteries 2 that of the oft7mentioned gentiles.) *)The #ord +gentiles , derived from the non7specific %ebre# +goyim, and -reek +ethne , should not be capitaliHed. Therefore the #ord +gentile, has been capitaliHed only #hen 9uoting scripture or another source.0 These people #ho are ineEtricably bound #ith !ahshua the Christ are mentioned by the Apostle Daul in conjunction #ith the mystery of Christ and in relation to the mystery of 3srael"s blindness *Fphesians B&(7I Colossians (&/57/G ( Timothy B&(I and Aomans ((&/57/I0. $ho are these gentiles and #hat is their relationship #ith !ahshua@

The Making of a Good Mystery

Jnder the heading +Mystery Story , The World Book Encyclopedia states in part&
Mystery stories about crime are also kno#n as detective stories?. Characteristically they are carefully plotted schemes of crime and detection clues and suspense and sometimes pursuit and violence.B

Although it is unnecessary to develop each of these elements the mystery of the gentiles contains most of them making it #orthy of its title. The majority of people secular and Christian alike do not recogniHe the gentiles" identity as a mystery.)) *))Not everyone claiming to be a Christian has been properly instructed in the biblical plan of salvation. Therefore in many instances the designation +Christian, is used in a generic sense only. Mark (I&(57(I Acts /&BI7C( //&(7(I Aomans I&B7C -alatians B&/I7/G and ( Deter B&/( should be studied in order to understand #hat is re9uired for salvation in !ahshua the Christ.C0 1rom the onset this real7life mystery involves more intrigue than other mysteries because its protagonists are misidentified and therefore do not even realiHe that they share a part in the intrigue. $hile most mysteries begin by identifying the main characters the mystery of the gentiles is all about discovering their identity. This biblical saga is even no# playing itself out and the majority of the people reading this book are a part of the cast. 3n other #ords this mystery is most likely about you in #ays you have possibly never imagined. *Dicture of Sherlock %olmes K No caption0 1or anyone #illing to do the detective #ork of a Sherlock %olmes the .ible contains the clues that #ill aid them in unmasking the characters in this real7life drama. Aegrettably ho#ever not everyone is interested in putting forth the effort re9uired in discovering the clues much less using them to unravel this mystery. Content to let the characters remain disguised they absolve themselves #ith eEcuses such as +So #hat@ $hat difference does it make@, 5 Conse9uently they #ill never eEperience the thrill of solving the riddle. =n the other hand to those #ho seek they #ill findL to those #ho knock the door #ill be openedL and to those #ho ask it #ill be given to them *Matthe# G&G0.

Chapter 2 The Cast of Characters Bi lical !ews

$ho are the gentiles #ritten about in the .ible and #here are they today@ .e prepared to consider that at least some of the gentiles in the .ible may not be #ho you think they are. This book #ill demonstrate biblically archaeologically and historically that many people today #ho consider themselves gentiles are in fact 3sraelites and that many people #ho consider themselves ;e#s are in fact gentiles. Sound confusing@ Aemember truth is often stranger than fiction and error often flies on the #ings of truth. 3f these statements are true one can only imagine the profound effect they #ill have upon the eschatology of many Christians and in turn #ill probably change their perspective on life in general. 3n order to identify the gentiles in the .ible it is first necessary to correctly identify the ;e#s and the 3sraelites. The fact that ;e#s and 3sraelites are often separate and distinct peoples is an important detail overlooked by many Christians. 3n the .ible racial ;e#s *better rendered ;udahites)0 *)1rom the perspective of the %ebre# language !ahudi *singular0 and !ahudim *plural0 are better renditions than ;udahite and ;udahites. Nevertheless ;udahite*s0 has been used throughout this book to reduce compleEity and for the purpose of reader association.0 are 3sraelites but 3sraelites are not al#ays ;udahites. This fact is overlooked in 1oy $allace"s book Gods Prophetic Word. $allace concluded that because +the terms M;e#s" and M3srael" are used interchangeably, in the .ible +they are identical.,I This error might be compared #ith the statement +.ecause 1rench poodles are dogs all dogs are 1rench poodles., Designating all 3sraelites as ;udahites #ould be the same as labeling all Americans Nebraskans. Most Nebraskans are Americans but not all Americans are Nebraskans. The same is true of the term +;e#s, as used in the .ible. This distinction is ackno#ledged in The New n!ers Bi"le Dictionary&
;F$.? A ;ehudite i.e. descendant of !"dah ? a name formed from that of the

patriarch ;udah and applied first to the tri e or co"ntry of !"dah or to a s" #ect of the kingdo$ of !"dah */ :ings /5&/5L ;er. B/&(/L B6&(8L CN&((L C(&BL 5/&/60 in distinction fro$ the seceding ten tri es the %sraelites. G))*)).old emphases have been added by the author of this book. =ther emphases are by the author of the 9uoted material.0

Three other .ible dictionaries confirm this distinction&

;F$?. &riginally a $e$ er of the state of !"dah */ :i. (I&IL Ne. (&/L ;e. B/&(/0 and so used by foreigners from the 6th century .C on#ards?.6 ;F$ ? This #ord does not occur in =T literature earlier than the period of ;eremiah. %t

then $eant a citi'en or s" #ect of the kingdo$ of !"dah *33 : /5&/5L ;er B/&(/ BC&8 etc0.8 ;e#?. This na$e was properly applied to a $e$ er of the kingdo$ of !"dah after the separation of the ten tri es Oof the kingdom or house of 3sraelP. The term first makes its appearance just before the OAssyrianP captivity of the ten tribes. / :ings (I&I.(N

The first chapter of the (86N edition of The #ewish $l%anac titled +3dentity Crisis , begins #ith the follo#ing statement&
Strictly speaking it is incorrect to call an ancient 3sraelite a +;e#,?.((

The foregoing declarations stand in contrast to the unsupported assumptions of many Christians. Consider for eEample the follo#ing statements by ;ames :ennedy Dat Aobertson and Tim >a%aye&
Throughout the history of the !ews they were in ondage to the (gyptians the Assyrians the .abylonians the Dhilistines and the Canaanites.(/

Correction& All t#elve tribes of 3srael not just the ;udahites #ere in bondage to the Fgyptians.
The la# of the -od of ;acob #as preserved by the !ewish people who were the descendants of !aco "s twel)e sons as the true rule of order for all the nations.(B

Correction& The descendants of ;acob"s t#elve sons #ere 3sraelites not ;udahites. ;udahites #ere descendants of ;acob"s fourth son ;udah.
!ews& the descendants of * raha$ thro"gh %saac. They started out as %ebre#s eca$e the twel)e tri es of %srael?.(C

Correction& The ;udahites #ere descendants of Abraham through ;udah and they initially made up only one tribe of 3srael. The claim that the tribe of ;udah became the t#elve tribes of 3srael is as erroneous as #ould be the claim that the tribe of Aeuben or the tribe of -ad or any other tribe became the t#elve tribes of 3srael. 3f >a%aye"s statement #ere true it #ould mean that 3saac"s son ;acob #as a ;udahite and that his t#in brother Fsau and his descendants #ere also ;udahites. =bviously this is incorrect. 3n his book What Price &srael ;e#ish author Alfred M. >ilienthal testified that the term +;e#, is not automatically synonymous #ith the term +3sraelite., %is statements leave no doubt that there is a general misunderstanding and misapplication of the #ord +;e#*s0,&
The ;e#ish racial myth flo#s from the fact that the #ords %ebre# 3sraelite ;e# ;udaism and the ;e#ish people have been used synonymously to suggest a historic continuity. .ut this is a misuse. These #ords refer to different periods in history. %ebre# is a term correctly applied to the period from the beginning of .iblical history to the settling in Canaan. 3sraelite refers correctly to the members of the t#elve tribes of 3srael.) *)The term +3sraelites, also refers to the ten7tribed house of 3srael after the united kingdom of 3srael composed of all t#elve tribes #as divided into t#o houses.0 The !ehudi or ;e# is used in the =ld Testament to designate members of the tribe of ;udah descendants of the fourth son of ;acob as #ell as to denote citiHens of the :ingdom of ;udah particularly at the time of ;eremiah and under the Dersian occupation. Centuries later the same #ord came to be applied to anyone no matter of #hat origin #hose religion #as ;udaism.(5

3n The 'istory o( $ncient &srael Michael -rant echoes >ilienthal by pointing out that the terms +;e# , +%ebre#, and +3sraelite, are not al#ays interchangeable&
M!ew " M+e rew " M%sraelite" are so$eti$es regarded as interchangea le "t that is not always strictly the case. The word M!ew" *originally defining the descendants of !aco "s son !"dah0 carries a #ide range of implications 4 religious cultural ethnic biological 4 #hich mean that the ter$ can hardly e e$ployed witho"t $isleading effect efore the fall of the kingdo$s of %srael and !"dah or e)en some #ould say efore the ret"rn of the e,iles Ofrom .abylonP?. The designations M3sraelites" or

Mpeople of 3srael" are available for the earlier periods?. .ut once #e have reached the epoch #hen the country has become divided bet#een the kingdoms of 3srael and ;udah M3sraelites" and Mpeople of 3srael" #ill evidently have to be abandoned as a generic term.(I

The .ible does not use the term +;e#s, #hen referring collectively to ;acob"s t#elve sons or to their descendants #ho became the t#elve tribes of 3srael for the simple reason that not all 3sraelites #ere descended from the tribe or kingdom of ;udah. This error has led to many mistakes in biblical interpretation and eschatology. The earliest date that the term +;udahite, could be legitimately assigned to anyone #ould have been at the birth of ;udah"s children. Therefore it is improper to identify Abraham 3saac ;acob or any of ;acob"s other eleven sons as ;udahites or ;e#s. To label Abraham as a ;udahite #ould mean that all of his descendants including his first born son 3shmael the progenitor of today"s Arabs #ould be ;udahites. 3n short if Abraham #as a ;udahite then today"s Arabs #ould be ;udahites. Moreover it is improper to call Abraham an 3sraelite. The first 3sraelites #ere the children of his grandson ;acob #hose name #as changed to 3srael. Abraham is properly identified in -enesis (C&(B as a %ebre#. The .ible clearly identifies the people kno#n as ;e#s or ;udahites. At the time of Solomon"s son :ing Aehoboam the nation of 3srael consisted of t#elve tribes that divided into t#o houses 4 the house of ;udah and the house of 3srael. ( :ings (/ details this division. *3nsert Map of Division K No Caption 4 See +The Story of Celto7SaEon 3srael .ennett p. C50 =nly the people of the house of ;udah became kno#n as ;e#s as rendered in our Fnglish versions of the .ible. The first appearance of the #ord +;e#, in the .ible is found in / :ings (I&I and it occurs a(ter the t#o houses separated. 1rom this point for#ard the .ible uses the #ord +;e#s, eEclusively for descendants of the tribe of ;udah or the citiHens of the southern kingdom or house of ;udah. The only eEceptions are found in Fsther 6&(G Aevelation /&8 and B&8 #here non73sraelites assumed the name andKor religion of the house of ;udah and became kno#n as ;udahites. 3n $ Partisan 'istory o( #udais% Aabbi Flmer .erger testified that only those people from the tribe or house of ;udah #ere designated as ;e#s in the Scriptures&
3t is interesting ? to kno# that these tribes O3sraelites from all t#elve tribes entering CanaanP and their subse9uent confederacies #ere not yet really ;e#sL that there #as no +;e#ish, nation. 3t #as not for many years after these earliest origins of these people that #e find the #ord +;e#s, in the .iblical teEts. Drobably the earliest such reference is in the Second .ook of :ings chapter (6 verse /I in #hich the language of the people of the southern kingdom of ;udah is called +the ;e#s" language., This passage is in connection #ith an incident close to the period of the .abylonian FEile and the people themselves and their religion are not spoken of by the .ible as ;e#s until after the FEile.(G

$ith the eEception of non73sraelite proselytes #ho adopted the name or religion of ;udaism the people identified as ;e#s throughout the .ible #ere the physical descendants of the house of ;udah #hich consisted of the tribes of ;udah .enjamin and >evi. The term +;e#s, #as never employed in the .ible to designate all t#elve tribes of 3srael. The reno#ned first7century ;udahite historian 1lavius ;osephus bore #itness to the fact that the designation +;e#s, #as derived from the tribe of ;udah and #as used for the descendants of the house of ;udah #ho came out of the .abylonian captivity& *3nsert picture of ;osephus #ith Caption0

So the !ews prepared for the #ork& that is the na$e they are called y fro$ the day that they ca$e "p fro$ Ba ylon which is taken fro$ the tri e of !"dah #hich came first to these places O;erusalem and the land of ;udahP and thence both they and the country gained that appellation.(6

Many Christians incorrectly maintain that the term +;e#s, became synonymous #ith all t#elve tribes #hen a remnant from the t#o7tribed house of ;udah returned from the .abylonian captivity to rebuild ;erusalem under FHra and Nehemiah. 1or eEample 1oy $allace asks the follo#ing baseless 9uestion regarding the ;udahites&
After the return to ;erusalem FHra commanded a sin offering for every tribe of 3srael and he referred to them as Mall 3srael." ?$hy offer for Mall 3srael" if it #as only the ;e#s #ho returned from .abylon and not 3srael?@(8

A fair ans#er #ould be 2 #hy shouldn"t FHra have done so@ Nothing can be proven by the fact that FHra made a sacrifice for all t#elve tribes #hen dedicating the house of -od. 3n the apocryphal book of / Maccabees #ritten in the second century .C a priest named ;onathan made a similar offering at #hich time he prayed for 3srael in her entirety although only a portion of the house of ;udah #as present at the time&
Therefore #hereas #e are no# purposed to keep ? the feast of the tabernacles and of the fire #hich #as given us #hen Neemias ONehemiahP offered sacrifice after that he had builded the temple and the altar?. And the priests made a prayer #hilst the sacrifice #as consuming ? ;onathan beginning ? as Neemias did. And the prayer #as after this mannerL = >ord >ord -od Creator of all things ? Recei)e the sacrifice for thy whole people %srael and preserve thine o#n portion and sanctify it. -ather those together that are scattered fro$ "s deliver them that ser)e a$ong the heathen look upon them that are despised and abhorred and let the heathen kno# that thou art our -od. 4 / Maccabees (&(67/G

3n ( :ings (6&BN7B/ #e are informed that +Flijah took t#elve stones according to the number of the tribes of the sons of ;acob, and +#ith the stones he built an altar in the name of !ah#eh, on Mount Carmel at a time and place #hen only ten tribes #ere present. The Drophet Daniel also petitioned !ah#eh for forgiveness not only for his fello# ;udahites in the .abylonian captivity but for all 3srael near and far&
3 Daniel ? prayed unto !ah#eh my -od and made my confession and said ? #e have sinned?. = >ord righteousness belongeth unto thee but unto us confusion of faces as at this dayL the $en of Othe house ofP !"dah and to the inha itants of !er"sale$ and "nto %srael that are near and that are far off thro"gh all the co"ntries whither tho" hast dri)en the$ because of their trespass that they have trespassed against thee?. !ea) all Othe nation ofP 3srael have transgressed thy la#?. 4 Daniel 8&(7((

3t #as a common practice for the priests or prophets to sacrifice or pray on behalf of all t#elve tribes even #hen some of the tribes #ere not present at the time. The book of FHra reveals that FHra #as doing the same thing. %e made an offering for all 3srael 2 the remnant of the t#o tribes #ho had returned to ;erusalem and the remaining ten tribes #ho #ere scattered among other nations. The &nternational *tandard Bi"le Encyclopaedia identifies those #ho returned to ;erusalem from the .abylonian captivity as ;e#s and specifies them as being from the tribes of ;udah .enjamin and >evi&

3n the very first year of his O:ing Cyrus"P reign over .abylon he issued an edict */ Chron BI // ffL FHra ( ( ff0 that permitted the !ews to return home #ith the command that they should again erect their temple?. At the head of those to be returned stood SheshbaHHar #ho is probably identical #ith Qerubbabel ? and also the high priest ;oshua?. They #ere accompanied by only a small part of those in eEile that is by -2 ./0 $en and wo$en and children $ale and fe$ale ser)ants esp. fro$ the tri es of !"dah Ben#a$in and 1e)i but of the last7mentioned tribes more priests than other >evites./N

;amieson 1ausset and .ro#n"s comments on FHra /&( agree #ith The &nternational *tandard Bi"le Encyclopaedia&
?those #hich had been carried a#ay 2 i.e. the descendants including children grandchildren and great7grandchildren of those #hom NebuchadneHHar had carried a#ay unto .abylon. Those who are $entioned in the following catalog"e then were not the ten tri es who were dispersed into )ario"s and scattered districts of *ssyria "t the !ewish e,iles resident in or aro"nd Ba ylon. Qerubbabel the prince of ;udah himself resided thereL and thither flocked around his standard those ;e#s #ho formed the first caravan co$prising chiefly or e,cl"si)ely those of the tri es of !"dah and Ben#a$in #ho took the initiative in the journey to the land of their fathers both from their location in .abylon and from their greater interest in the #ork of rebuilding ;erusalem and the temple./(

The house of ;udah #as composed of the three tribes of ;udah .enjamin and >evi&
?;udah and .enjamin ? and the priests and the >evites that #ere in all 3srael resorted to him OAehoboam king of the house of ;udahP out of all their coasts. 1or the >evites left their suburbs and their possession and came to ;udah and ;erusalem. 2 / Chronicles ((&(/7(C

A small contingency from some of the other ten tribes associated themselves #ith the ;udahites on certain occasions according to ( Chronicles 8&(7B / Chronicles ((&(B7(G and (5&678. $hile this is true there remained a definite distinction bet#een the t#o houses. ( :ings (/&/B7 /C and other passages too numerous to cite demonstrate this division bet#een the t#o houses of 3srael. Deople #ho are determined to make the term +;e#s, synonymous #ith all t#elve tribes of 3srael from the time of FHra and Nehemiah on#ard attempt to use the passages from ( and / Chronicles to support their claims. Adam Clarke thought other#ise&
The kingdom of ;udah #as composed of the tribes of ;udah and .enjamin #ith the >evitesL all the rest Othe ten tribesP #ent off in the schism #ith ;eroboam and formed the kingdom of 3srael. Tho"gh so$e o"t of those tri es did re#oin the$sel)es to !"dah yet no whole tri e e)er ret"rned to that kingdo$.//

A close eEamination of the previous passages and an honest evaluation of the prophets refute any interpretation that unites the house of ;udah #ith the house of 3srael prior to the Ne# Covenant dispensation. Demographics and common sense concur. <arious studies have estimated the collective population of the houses of 3srael and ;udah at the time of their respective captivities to be any#here from five to thirty million. FHra /&IC7I5 declares that C8 I8G ;udahites returned to ;erusalem from the .abylonian captivity. Jsing the most conservative figure of 5 NNN NNN ;udahites from all t#elve tribes in eEistence at the time and subtracting the approEimate 5N NNN 3sraelites #ho returned to ;erusalem #e are left #ith C 85N NNN 3sraelites from both houses #ho did not return to ;erusalem. The follo#ing diagram demonstrates the enormity of the number of 3sraelites that #ould be unaccounted for by those #ho attempt to reunite both houses at the time of FHra and Nehemiah

after the ;udahites returned to ;erusalem. This graphically illustrates the absurdity of the claim that the ;udahites represented all t#elve tribes of 3srael. Fach star in the diagram represents 5N NNN 3sraelitesL the entire chart represents the conservative figure of 5 NNN NNN 3sraelites. *Chart from Gods +o,enant People pg. BB( K No Caption0 The numbers alone dispel the notion that the houses of ;udah and 3srael #ere reunited #hen the 5N NNN ;udahites returned to ;erusalem from their .abylonian captivity. ;amieson 1ausset and .ro#n"s commentary ackno#ledges that the ;udahites #ho returned to ;erusalem from .abylon did not represent the reunion of the house of 3srael #ith the house of ;udah foretold by the prophets&
?the ten tribes did not return at the restoration from .abylon but is and shall continue distinct from ;udah until the coming union #ith that tribe at the restoration ? a future complete fulfillment must therefore be looked for./B

*Dicture of the house of ;udah rebuilding the temple of !ah#eh K Caption 2 The house of ;udah returns to rebuild the Temple of !ah#eh0 3n the first century AD approEimately 5NN years a(ter FHra and Nehemiah 1lavius ;osephus placed the dispersed ten tribes beyond the Fuphrates Aiver&
?the ten tribes are beyond the Fuphrates till no# and are an immense multitude and not to be estimated by numbers./C

Fven contemporary ;e#s teach that only ;udah .enjamin and >evi returned to ;erusalem follo#ing their captivity in .abylon. 3n an article titled +$here are the Ten Tribes@, in the #ewish -uarterly Re,iew Adolf Neubauer distinguished bet#een the ten tribes and the t#o tribes that returned from .abylon&
The captives of 3srael eEiled beyond the Fuphrates did not return as a #hole to Dalestine along #ith their brethren the captives of ;udah?. FHra and Nehemiah give the enumeration only of +the children of the province of ;udah that #ent up out of the captivity of those #hich had been carried a#ay unto .abylon and came again to ;erusalem and ;udah everyone unto his city.,/5

3n Discourses) $r!u%entati,e and De,otional on the *u".ect o( the #ewish Reli!ion Aabbi 3saac >eeser #rote that the t#o houses #ere not reunited follo#ing the .abylonian captivity&
.ut seventy years soon elapsed and at their ending a small number of ;e#s no# no longer the "nited %sraelites returned to repossess their land and again they d#elt therein?./I

Neubauer added that according to the prophets the ten tribes of the house of 3srael #ere not to be reunited #ith the t#o tribes of the house of ;udah until the advent of the Messiah. %e pointed out that the ;udahites at the time of FHra and Nehemiah did not look at this reconciliation as having occurred in their day but as something to be fulfilled in the future&
?the return of the ten tribes #as one of the great promises of the Drophets and the advent of the Messiah is therefore necessarily identified #ith the epoch of their redemption. ?the hope of the return of the Ten Tribes #ith the Messiah did not cease amongst the ;e#s during the time of the second Temple?./G

Abraham !agel a siEteenth7century 3talian ;e# pointed out that the ten7tribed house of 3srael did not return at the time of the rebuilding of the second temple but that they #ere to return at the Messiah"s 1irst Advent. !agel did not recogniHe !ahshua as the Messiah therefore he erroneously anticipated the return of the ten tribes at some future date&
?it is clear to anyone #ho has his right senses that the OTenP Tribes still eEist and that they #ill return at the time #hen the Aedeemer shall come to Sion./6

Alone these sources prove nothing. The .ible must be our authority and a person has only to read the books of FHra and Nehemiah to confirm that the houses of ;udah and 3srael #ere not reunited at that point in history&
Then rose up the chief of the fathers of !"dah and Ben#a$in and the priests and the 1e)ites #ith all them #hose spirit -od had raised to go up to build the house of !ah#eh #hich is in ;erusalem ... the$ of the capti)ity that were ro"ght "p fro$ Ba ylon "nto !er"sale$. 2 FHra (&57(( ?the adversaries of !"dah and Ben#a$in heard that the children of the O.abylonianP capti)ity builded the temple unto !ah#eh -od of 3srael. 4 FHra C&( ?they made a proclamation throughout ;udah and ;erusalem to all the e,iles that they should assemble at ;erusalem and that #hoever #ould not come #ithin three days ? all his possessions should be forfeited and he himself eEcluded from the assembly of the eEiles. So all the $en of !"dah and Ben#a$in assembled at ;erusalem #ithin the three days?. 4 FHra (N&G78 And my -od put into mine heart to gather together the nobles and the rulers and the people that they might be reckoned by genealogy. And 3 found a register of the genealogy of them #hich came up at the first and found #ritten therein these are the people of the province #ho came up from the captivity of the e,iles who$ 2e "chadne''ar the king of Ba ylon had carried away and who ret"rned to !er"sale$ and !"dah each to his city?. 4 Nehemiah G&57G

:ing NebuchadneHHar took only the house of ;udah captive into .abylon therefore only those carried captive into .abylon returned from .abylon. FHra stipulated ;udah and .enjamin as representing +all the eEiles , thereby conclusively demonstrating that only the house of ;udah returned from the .abylonian captivity. There is no biblical justification for claiming that the house of 3srael returned to ;erusalem #ith the house of ;udah. Therefore in the books of FHra and Nehemiah only 3sraelites from the house of ;udah #ere called ;udahites. FHra and Nehemiah used the terms +;udahites, and +3sraelites, interchangeably because descendants of the house of ;udah could be called by either name. They #ere ;udahites in the narro# sense and 3sraelites in the broad sense. 'url"uts *tory o( the Bi"le also delineated the house of ;udah"s dual designation&
1rom this time Othe ;udahites" captivity in .abylonP these people #ere called ;e#s a name #hich means +people of ;udah., ?And because they had once belonged to the t#elve tribes of 3srael ? they #ere also spoken of as 3sraelites./8

This statement cannot be made about the ten tribes of 3srael. .ecause they did not meet the criteria for being called ;udahites they #ere therefore only kno#n as 3sraelites.

3n Amos B&G !ah#eh declared that %e +#ill do nothing but he revealeth his secret unto his servants the prophets., !ah#eh never revealed to any of %is prophets that %e #ould bring both ;udahites and 3sraelites back to ;erusalem immediately follo#ing the .abylonian captivity. 3nstead %e revealed through %is prophet ;eremiah that only ;udahites #ould return to ;erusalem at that time&
No# these are the #ords of the letter that ;eremiah the prophet sent from ;erusalem unto the resid"e of the elders which were carried away capti)es and to the priests and to the prophets and to all the people who$ 2e "chadne''ar had carried away capti)e fro$ !er"sale$ to Ba ylon?. Thus saith !ah#eh of hosts the -od of 3srael unto all that are carried a#ay captives #hom 3 have caused to be carried a#ay from ;erusalem unto .abylon?. 1or thus saith !ah#eh That after seventy years be accomplished at .abylon 3 #ill visit you and perform my good #ord to#ard you in ca"sing yo" to ret"rn to this place. 4 ;eremiah /8&(7(N

Aobert !oung"s $nalytical +oncordance to the Bi"le summariHes the truth regarding the biblical term +;e#,&
Strictly speaking the name is appropriate only to the subjects of the kingdom of the t#o tribes after the separation of the ten tribes ..C. 8G5.BN

This first clue establishes that the term +;e#s, designates only the house of ;udah. This one biblical fact alone should begin to change the #ay contemporary Christians vie# the history and the prophecies of the .ible.

Chapter . The Cast of Characters Today3s !ews

Most people believe that today"s ;e#s are 3sraelite descendants of Abraham 3saac and ;acob and that they represent all t#elve tribes of the nation of 3srael. As has been demonstrated the second half of this claim is inaccurate because the .ible ne,er identifies the ;udahites #ith all t#elve tribes of 3srael. According to many ;e#ish authorities the first half of this same claim 4 that the majority of today"s ;e#s represent all or any 3sraelites 4 is also untrue. The #ewish $l%anac succinctly states another fact that #ill surprise most people&
Strictly speaking it is incorrect to call an ancient 3sraelite a +;e#, or to call a conte$porary !ew an +%sraelite, or a ++e rew.,B(

3n the (8INs Nathan M. Dollock #as professor of Medieval ;e#ish %istory at Tel Aviv Jniversity. 3n the *an Die!o nion August /6 (8II >eo %eiman remarked about Drofessor Dollock"s research supporting The #ewish $l%anacs startling admission&
%e has devoted CN of his IC years to trying to prove that siE out of (N 3sraelis and nine of (N ;e#s in the $estern %emisphere are not real ;e#s" ;e#s Ogenetic ;udahitesP but descendants of fierce :hoHar tribes #hich roamed the steppes of southern Aussia many centuries ago. 1or obvious reasons the 3sraeli authorities are not at all eager to give the official stamp of approval to Dollock"s theories. +1or all #e kno# he may be (NN per cent right , said a senior government official. +3n fact he is not the first one to discover the connection bet#een ;e#s and :hoHars. Many famous scholars ;e#s and non7;e#s stressed these links in their historical research #orks.,B/

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Notice that the connection bet#een the ;e#s and the :hoHars #as ackno#ledged by a senior 3sraeli government official. This same official emphasiHed that +many famous scholars ;e#s and non7;e#s stressed these links in their historical research #orks., Those famous scholars include .ernard >aHare Aobert Ruillan ;ames !affe Daul Meyer the authors of The #ewish Encyclopedia The ni,ersal #ewish Encyclopedia The Encyclopedia #udaica The New *tandard #ewish Encyclopedia The New Encyclopaedia Britannica and many other scholars and reference #orks.BB The follo#ing map from The #ewish Encyclopedia identifies the ;e#s as ChaHars *alternate spelling for :hoHars0. *3nsert Map of :haHars from ;e#ish Fncyclopedia See -CD p. I( K No Caption0 1ollo#ing are portions of a letter #ritten by ;e#ish author .enjamin %. 1reedman to the Ne# !ork National Fconomic Council 3nc. and published in their Council >etter No. (GG =ctober (5 (8CG. Although 1reedman #as specifically addressing the eEploitations of Qionism ) *)Qionism is a national and political movement that maintains the ;e#ish people are entitled to a national homeland. 1ormerly founded in (68G Qionism eventually selected Dalestine in (8(G as their home. Since (8C6 Qionism"s main aim has been the development support and defense of the modern State of 3srael. The term +Qionism, #as coined in (68N by Nathan .irnbaum.0 he also eEpounded upon the fact that most of today"s ;e#s are not descendants of ;acob 3srael&
Dopular ignorance of ? political Qionism is beyond calculation. <aguely most Christian Americans have the idea that the ;e#s claim Dalestine because it #as the +Dromised >and, in #hich they lived for a period of a fe# centuries that ended / NNN years ago. And the thought of a people returning to its +homeland, seems emotionally satisfying and good. .ut here are facts most Americans do not kno#& Dolitical Qionism is almost eEclusively a movement by the ;e#s of Furope. .ut these Fastern Furopean ;e#s have neither a racial nor a historic connection #ith Dalestine. Their ancestors #ere not inhabitants of the +Dromised >and., They are the direct descendants of the people of the :haHar Oalternate spelling for :hoHarP :ingdom #hich eEisted until the (/th century. The :haHars #ere a non7Semitic ? Mongolian tribal people?. About the Gth century A.D. the :ing of the :haHars adopted ;udaism as the state religion and the majority of inhabitants joined him in the ne# allegiance. .efore that date there #as no such thing as a :haHar #ho #as a ;e# O;udahiteP. Neither then nor since #as there such a thing as a :haHar #hose ancestors had come from the %oly >and?. ?these Fastern Furopean !iddish7speaking ;e#s #ho form the Qionist group practically in toto have neither a geographic historic nor ethnic connection #ith either the ;e#s of the =ld Testament or the land kno#n today as Dalestine.BC

%.-. $ells in his Outline o( 'istory reached the same conclusion regarding today"s ;e#s&
The main part of ;e#ry never #as in ;udea and had never come out of ;udea.B5

3n The Master .ible"s +Archaeological Supplement , -eorge Aobinson 9uoted the late %enry Morgenthau"s autobiography $ll in a Li(e Ti%e #hich +Qionism is the most stupendous fallacy in ;e#ish history., Aobinson declared that the Qionists are not ;udahites&
The Qionists are not ;e#s according to race. Aather they are the descendants of a hoard of pagans #ho pressed into Aussia in the first century of our era and in due time became proselytes to ;udaism. 3n I8/ A.D. they formed the :haHar kingdom. 3n 855 A.D. Aussia con9uered them. They are neither ;e#s by race nor are they genuinely ;e#ish in religion. They pass as ;e#s and pretend that they are the descendants of 3srael and therefore have

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a right to Dalestine as their national homeland but they are false in their claims and irreligious in their living.BI

The previous 9uotations are documented as historically accurate in the remarkable book The Thirteenth Tri"e #ritten by the #ell7kno#n ;e#ish author Arthur :oestler. This book is summed up in the follo#ing statement&
3n this last chapter 3 have tried to sho# that the evidence from Anthropology concurs #ith history in refuting the popular belief in a OmodernP ;e#ish race descended from a biblical O3sraeliteP tribe.BG

3n his book What &s $ #ew/ Aabbi Morris :ertHer testified that many ancient ;e#ish Aabbis #ere non73sraelite gentiles&
Several of the ancient rabbis in fact including some of those #ho created the Talmud traced their ancestry to -entiles #ho had been converted to ;udaism.B6

Conse9uently the descendants of those ancient rabbis #ould also be non73sraelite gentiles. To serious students of the .ible none of this should come as a surprise. !ahshua #arned of imposters #ho falsely claim to be 3sraelites&
3 kno# thy #orks and tribulation and poverty *but thou art rich0 and 3 kno# the blasphemy of them #hich say they are ;udahites ) *)The #ord +;e#*s0, does not accurately convey the biblical intent of the original %ebre# and -reek #ords +<yd]WhY, *Yahuwdi0 and +Ioudai/wn, *&oudaios 0. To accurately reflect that intent 3 have inserted ;udahite*s0 #here appropriate.0 and are not but are the synagogue of Satan. 4 Aevelation /&8 .ehold 3 #ill make them of the synagogue of Satan #hich say they are ;udahites and are not but do lieL behold 3 #ill make them to come and #orship before thy feet and to kno# that 3 have loved thee. 4 Aevelation B&8

3n other #ords there #ere and are imposters #ho claim to be descendants of ;acob 3srael from the house of ;udah. After 9uoting the previous verse of Scripture in The Li(e o( an $%erican #ew in Racist 0ar1ist &srael ;e#ish author ;ack .ernstein pointed to today"s ;e#s as +?the people to #hom -od #as referring,B8 in Aevelation B&8. Arthur :oestler #as unable to genetically trace the majority of today"s ;e#ish people to ;acob 3srael. .ut he did trace their :haHar ancestry to non73sraelites&
?genetically they are more closely related to the %un Jigur and Magyar tribes than to the seed of Abraham 3saac and ;acob. Should this turn out to be the case then the term +anti7Semitism, #ould become void of meaning.CN The :haHars and their :ing are all ;e#s Oby conversion to ;udaismP?. Some are of the opinion that -og and Magog are the :haHars.C( ;oseph Oone of the :haHar kingsP then proceeds to provide a genealogy of his people. Though a fierce ;e#ish nationalist proud of #ielding the MSceptre of ;udah " he cannot and does not claim for them Semitic descent?.C/ According to the article MStatistics" in The #ewish Encyclopedia in the siEteenth century the total ;e#ish population of the #orld amounted to about one million. This seems to

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indicate ? that during the Middle Ages that the majority of those #ho professed the ;udaic faith #ere :haHars.CB

Today"s descendants of yesterday"s :haHars cannot be 3sraelites. A point even more pertinent is that the :haHars have the biblical and spiritual marks of Fsau Fdom"s descendants.CC Some historians maintain that the Turkish tribes from #hom the :haHars are descended can be traced to Teman the grandson of Fsau. The #ewish Encyclopedia recounts a :haHar tradition that originally places some of their progenitors near the land of Fdom&
%asdai ibn Shaprut #ho #as foreign minister to Abd al7Aahjan Sultan of Cordova in his letter to :ing ;oseph of the ChaHars *about 8IN OADP0 ? speaks of the tradition according to #hich the ChaHars once d#elt near the Seir *Serer0 Mountains.C5

Mount Seir and the surrounding area #as the Fdomites" homeland&
And ;acob sent messengers before him to Fsau his brother unto the land of Seir the country of Fdom. 4 -enesis B/&B

*Dicture of Mt. Seir K Caption 2 The Mountains of Seir0

Thus d#elt Fsau in mount Seir& Fsau is Fdom. 4 -enesis BI&6

At the time of Fsther approEimately CG5 .C it is certain that relatives of %aman and other Fdomites #ho #ere a part of the Dersian population became kno#n as ;udahites by converting to their religion&
And in every province and in every city #hithersoever the king"s commandment and his decree came the ;udahites had joy and gladness a feast and a good day. And $any of the Onon7;udahiteP people of the land eca$e !"dahites L for the fear of the ;udahites fell upon them. 4 Fsther 6&(G

According to three ;e#ish encyclopedias and 1lavius ;osephus the entire Fdomite nation #as forced into converting to ;udaism and became kno#n as ;udahites at the time of the high priest ;ohn %yrcanus *Maccabaeus0&
?in the days of ;ohn %yrcanus *end of the second century ..C.F.0 ? the Fdomites became a section of the ;e#ish people.CI They #ere then incorporated #ith the ;e#ish nation?.CG ?from then on they constituted a part of the ;e#ish people %erod O:ing of ;udeaP being one of their descendants.C6 ?they submitted to the use of circumcision and the rest of the ;e#ish #ays of livingL at #hich time ? they #ere hereafter no other than ;e#s.C8

.y their o#n testimony the vast majority of today"s ;e#s are not racial 3sraelites or even ;udahites. %istory reveals that most of today"s ;e#s are :haHars and Fdomites because of forced conversion in the seventh and second centuries .C and voluntary conversion in the seventh century AD. The Fdomite connection #ith today"s ;e#s is an important piece of the puHHle that #ill be addressed in more detail in Chapter (N.

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Chapter The Cast of Characters Bi lical %sraelites

1ollo#ing the division of the t#elve tribes of 3srael during the reign of :ing Aehoboam in approEimately 8BG .C the ten northern tribes became kno#n as the house of 3srael. These tribes #ere ne,er kno#n as ;udahites.

3n a section titled +The %ebre# Deoples , relating to the time follo#ing the division of the t#o houses 'ar%sworth 'istory o( the World affirms that the ten tribes #ere not ;udahites&
Since the severance the -od of 3srael had ceased to be the centre of a national #orship and any traces of such #orship #hich had been retained in the north from the time of David #ere 9uite insignificant?. %n reality the Ten Tri es ? were not therefore +!ews.,5N

1urthermore there #as a period of time #hen the ten tribes #ere not even kno#n by the name +3sraelites., Jnderstanding the 3sraelites" marital relationship #ith !ah#eh and %is subse9uent divorce of the house of 3srael is essential to understanding this loss of identity. The =ld Testament Scriptures reveal that !ah#eh #ed the t#elve tribes of the nation of 3srael&
And !ah#eh said ? 3srael ? 3 am married unto you?. 4 ;eremiah B&((7(C

Moses recorded in the book of FEodus #hat has been described as !ah#eh"s marriage proposal to all t#elve tribes of the nation of 3srael&
!e have seen ? ho# 3 bare you on eagles" #ings and brought you unto myself. No# therefore if ye #ill obey my voice indeed and keep my covenant then ye shall be a peculiar treasure unto me above all people?. And ye shall e "nto $e a kingdo$ of priests and an holy nation. 4 FEodus (8&C7I

This is the first time that the #ord +kingdom , used in reference to !ah#eh"s kingdom appears in the .ible. !ah#eh established a kingdom relationship bet#een %imself and the nation of 3srael #hen %e married her at Mount Sinai. 3n FHekiel (I !ah#eh provided a second #itness to the affinity bet#een %is kingdom and %is marriage to 3srael&
No# #hen 3 passed by thee and looked upon thee behold thy time #as the time of loveL and 3 spread my skirt over thee and covered thy nakedness& yea % sware "nto thee and entered into a co)enant with thee saith the 1ord 4ahweh and tho" eca$est $ine?. Thus #ast thou decked #ith gold and silverL and thy raiment #as of fine linen and silk and broidered #orkL thou didst eat fine flour and honey and oil& and thou #ast eEceeding beautiful and tho" didst prosper into a kingdo$. 4 FHekiel (I&67(B

:ing David commented on this kingdom relationship&

?let them kno# that God r"leth in !aco unto the ends of the earth. 4 Dsalm 58&(B

*Dicture of ;acob #restling #ith Angel of !ah#eh KNo Caption0 $hile #restling #ith an angel ;acob #as given the name +3srael, because this name means po#er or ruling #ith Fl&

(C

And he O!ah#ehP said Thy name shall be called no more ;acob but 3srael& for as a prince hast thou po#er #ith -od?. 4 -enesis B/&/6

;ames Strong"s definition for the name +3srael, is even more eEplicit&
!israSel *yis7ra#7aleS0L from =T&6/6N and =T&C(NL he will r"le as God?.5(

+-od, is translated from the %ebre# #ord 2Elohiy%)3 El being its shortened form. !ah#eh Flohiym married the t#elve tribes of 3srael thereby making her %is helpmeet. As both %is #ife and %is 9ueen she ruled with El in %is kingdom and #as thus named &sra El. >ater ho#ever because the ten7tribed house of 3srael #orshiped other gods an act #hich !ah#eh identified as adultery %e divorced and put her a#ay&
And 3 sa# #hen for all the causes #hereby backsliding 3srael committed adultery 3 had put her a#ay and given her a bill of divorceL yet her treacherous sister ;udah feared not?. 4 ;eremiah B&6

/ :ings (G describes the divorce and dispersion of the house of 3srael at the hands of their Assyrian spoilers&
Therefore !ah#eh #as very angry #ith 3srael and removed them out of his sight& there #as none left but the tribe of ;udah only?. And !ah#eh rejected all the seed of 3srael and afflicted them and delivered them into the hand of spoilers until he had cast them out of his sight. 4 / :ings (G&(67/N

!ah#eh declared to %osea that as a result of %is divorcing the house of 3srael she #ould no longer be %is people thereby stripping that house of her name&
And !ah#eh said unto him ? % will ? ca"se to cease the kingdo$ of the ho"se of %srael?. Then said God ? ye are not $y people and 3 #ill not be your -od. 4 %osea (&C78

$hen the ten tribes committed adultery and %e divorced them they #ere no longer a part of !ah#eh Flohiym"s people. Therefore the ten northern tribes no longer had either the right or privilege of being called &sra El. %istorian $alter %utchinson described the conse9uence of the house of 3srael"s disobedience under :ing ;eroboam and her subse9uent divorce in terms of a loss of identity&
3n conse9uence of ;eroboam"s ambition aided by the #eakness of Solomon"s successor Aehoboam Oking of the house of ;udahP at about the year 8BG ..C. there #ere formed the rival and often hostile kingdoms of ;udah and %srael the latter of #hich lost its identity by the capture of Samaria in G// ..C?.5/

1ollo#ing !ah#eh"s divorce of the ten7tribed house of 3srael %e dispersed them among non7 3sraelite nations&
?#hen the house of 3srael d#elt in their o#n land they defiled it by their o#n #ay and by their doings?. And 3 scattered them among the heathen and they #ere dispersed through the countries& according to their #ay and according to their doings 3 judged them. 4 FHekiel BI&(G7(8 3srael is s#allo#ed up& no# shall they be among the -entiles as a vessel #herein is no pleasure. 4 %osea 6&6

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.ehold the eyes of the >ord !ah#eh are upon the sinful kingdom and 3 #ill destroy it from off the face of the earthL saving that 3 #ill not utterly destroy the house of ;acob saith !ah#eh. 1or lo 3 #ill command and 3 #ill sift the house of 3srael among all nations like as corn is sifted in a sieve yet shall not the least grain fall upon the earth. 4 Amos 8&678

The :ingdom represented the seat of government and !ah#eh"s covenantal marriage relationship #ith 3srael. 3t #as this seat of government that !ah#eh destroyed #hen %e divorced her not the people of the house of 3srael.
And yet for all that #hen they be in the land of their enemies 3 #ill not cast them a#ay neither #ill 3 abhor them to destroy them utterly and to break my covenant #ith them& for 3 am !ah#eh their -od. .ut 3 #ill for their sakes remember the covenant of their ancestors #hom 3 brought forth out of the land of Fgypt in the sight of the heathen that 3 might be their -od& 3 am !ah#eh. 2 >eviticus /I&CC7C5

!ah#eh dispersed the house of 3srael throughout the nations and eventually their identity #as forgotten by the other nations&
3 O!ah#ehP said 3 #ould scatter them into corners 3 #ould make the remembrance of them to cease from among men. 4 Deuteronomy B/&/I

Although the house of 3srael"s identity #as lost to other nations and even to herself !ah#eh never lost sight of #ho she #as&
?= ;acob my servantL and 3srael #hom 3 have chosen ? thou art my servant& 3 have formed thee.? = 3srael thou shalt not be forgotten of me. 4 3saiah CC&(7/(

.ecause of being dispersed throughout the then kno#n #orld the descendants of the house of 3srael became identified as simply +!oyi% , the %ebre# #ord most often translated gentiles in the =ld Testament. This change from a specific to a non7specific identity is confirmed in the Ne# Testament. Daul identified himself and the Corinthian Christians as descendants of the =ld Testament 3sraelites and later he identified them as ethne the -reek e9uivalent of !oyi%&
Moreover rethren 3 #ould not that ye should be ignorant ho# that all o"r fathers were "nder the clo"d and all passed thro"gh the seaL and were all apti'ed "nto Moses in the clo"d and in the seaL and did all eat the sa$e spirit"al $eatL and did all drink the sa$e spirit"al drink& for they drank of that spiritual Aock that follo#ed them& and that Aock #as Christ. .ut #ith many of them -od #as not #ell pleased& for they were o)erthrown in the wilderness. 4 ( Corinthians (N&(75 !e kno# that ye were Gentiles OethneP carried a#ay unto these dumb idols even as ye #ere led. 4 ( Corinthians (/&/

!ah#eh had divorced the ten7tribed house of 3srael for her idolatry and scattered her among non73sraelite !oyi% or peoples. Fventually they assumed the names of the nations and peoples among #hom they lived or those nations gave them other names. This change of names is indicated in The #ewish Encyclopedia under the heading +Tribes >ost Ten,&
3f the Ten Tribes have disappeared the literal fulfillment of the prophecies #ould be impossibleL if they have not disappeared obviously they must eEist under a different name.5B

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/ :ings (G&(7/B records that the Assyrians #ere responsible for taking the ten7tribed house of 3srael into captivity and dispersing them among non73sraelite peoples. 3n recent years some fourteen hundred Assyrian cuneiform tablets have been unearthed and deciphered. These tablets provide some of the names the house of 3srael had been given or that they assumed during their dispersion. *Dicture of =ne of the Assyrian Tablets -CD p. BBI K As in -CD0 0issin! Links Disco,ered in $ssyrian Ta"lets by biblical archaeologist and historian F. Aaymond Capt documents the ne# names of the house of 3srael during and follo#ing their Assyrian captivity.5C The identity of the dispersed 3sraelites today is a 9uestion that #ill be ans#ered in Chapter 8. 3t is important to understand that the terms +;e#s, and +3sraelites, are synonymous only #hen referring to the descendants of the t#o7tribed house of ;udah. 3t is e9ually important to understand that it is inaccurate to refer to the 3sraelites descended from the ten7tribed house of 3srael as ;e#s or ;udahites. They #ere not descended from ;udahL hence there is no scriptural justification for calling them ;udahites. The 3sraelites that Assyria dispersed eventually became kno#n as the nations or gentiles having lost their identity through the centuries.

Chapter 5 The Cast of Characters Bi lical Gentiles

3t #ould not be much of a mystery if the gentiles in the .ible #ere simply non73sraelites to #hom !ahshua granted salvation through %is propitiating sacrifice. .ut it would be intriguing if some of these gentiles fulfilled .ible prophecies that #ere intended for 3sraelites. $hat if these gentiles #ere someho# racially related to the 3sraelites of biblical anti9uity and the redemption and remarriage that !ah#eh promised to the divorced and dispersed 3sraelites actually applied to certain gentiles in the Ne# Testament@ Could some of the gentiles actually be other than #hom they are commonly considered to be@ These possibilities present a much more perpleEing puHHle than simply that salvation #as granted to non73sraelites. To correctly ans#er the foregoing 9uestions a person must become familiar #ith t#o #ords one %ebre# and one -reek. 3n the =ld Testament the Fnglish #ord +gentiles, is translated from the %ebre# #ords +yogl, *!oy 2 singular0 and + <y]oG, *!oyi% 2 plural0. Their Ne# Testament -reek counterparts are +e)qno$, *ethnos 2 singular0 and +e)qn=, *ethne 2 plural0. Many Christians erroneously believe that gentiles !oyi% and ethne refer eEclusively to non7;e#s or non73sraelites. 3n the :ing ;ames =ld Testament the %ebre# #ords +!oy, and +!oyi%, are translated nation*s0 BGB times heathen*s0 (C/ times gentiles BN times people*s0 (( times and another ( time. Not once is !oy or !oyi% translated non7;e# or non73sraelite. 3n the :ing ;ames Ne# Testament the -reek #ords +ethnos, and +ethne, are translated gentiles 8B times nation*s0 IC times heathen*s0 5 times people*s0 / times and -reek ( time. Not once is ethnos or ethne translated non7;e# or non73sraelite. .ecause most people think that the ;e#s in the .ible represent all t#elve tribes of 3srael they inevitably jump to the un#arranted conclusion that the term +gentiles , especially #hen used in contrast #ith the term +;e#s , refers eEclusively to non73sraelites. The follo#ing 9uotations represent this thinking&
-entiles ? All nations of the #orld other than the ;e#s?.55

(G

The %eb. !oyi% signified the nations the surrounding nations foreigners as opposed to 3srael.5I %eb. -oi +the nations, *or +heathen , derived from the -r. ethne0 as opposed to 3srael *Neh. v. 60.5G -entiles& all the peoples of the #orld #ho are non7;e#s. 3n the Ne# Testament a -entile designates any lost member of the human race #ho is not a ;e#.56 The #ord translated as +-FNT3>FS, is often translated as +NAT3=NS., 3t is the #ord +FT%N=S, from #hich #e derive +FT%N3C., All people #ho are not ;F$S are -FNT3>FS regardless of their ethnic origin.58 3n the Ne# Testament the #ord for +-entiles, *-reek ethnos0 is also translated +nations, and +heathen., The corresponding %ebre# #ord in the =ld Testament is goi. That is all nations outside -od"s covenant people of 3srael #ere called +-entiles , or +heathen , or simply the +nations.,IN The term +-entiles, in the Ne# Testament al#ays refers to people and nations outside of and apart from all the t#elve tribes of 3srael?. 3t can be said positively that 3N N= CASF 3N T%F .3.>F either in the =ld Testament or in the Ne# D=FS T%F $=AD +-FNT3>F, AF1FA =A ADD>! T= AN! DAAT =1 3SAAF>.I(

The #ords +gentiles , +!oy, and +ethnos, are not the eEclusionary terms that these authors have attempted to make them. 1or eEample try replacing the #ord +nations, translated from !oyi% #ith the #ord +non73sraelites, in -enesis /5&/B #here Aebekah #as informed about her t#in boys ;acob and Fsau&
And !ah#eh said unto her T#o non7%sraelites are in thy #omb and t#o manner of people shall be separated from thy bo#elsL and the one people shall be stronger than the other peopleL and the elder shall serve the younger.

Try the same in -enesis C6&(8 #here ;acob blesses ;oseph"s second son Fphraim&
?he also shall become a people and he also shall be great& but truly his younger brother shall be greater than he and his seed shall become a multitude of non7%sraelites.

Try replacing the #ord +nation, #ith +non73sraelite, in ;eremiah B(&B57BI #here !ah#eh promised both houses of 3srael that %e #ould never forsake them as long as the sun rules by day and the moon by night&
Thus saith !ah#eh #hich giveth the sun for a light by day and the ordinances of the moon and of the stars for a light by night #hich divideth the sea #hen the #aves thereof roarL !ah#eh of hosts is his name& 3f those ordinances depart from before me saith !ah#eh then the seed of 3srael also shall cease from being a non7%sraelite before me for ever.

The three preceding eEamples demonstrate that the definition and application of the %ebre# #ord +!oyi%, is not as narro# as some people #ould make it. The same is true for its -reek counterpart +ethne., 3f modern Christianity"s definition for ethnos is correct ;ohn (6&B5 #ould have to be translated as follo#s&

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Dilate ans#ered Am 3 a ;udahite@ Thine o#n non7%sraelites and the chief priests have delivered thee unto me& #hat hast thou done@

Ethnos and ethne have a much broader use in the Ne# Testament than is commonly understood. Consider the follo#ing four eEamples. The first employs the #ord +gentiles, *ethne0 in reference to non73sraelites specifically Canaanites&
=ur O3sraeliteP fathers had the tabernacle of #itness in the #ilderness as he had appointed speaking unto Moses that he should make it according to the fashion that he had seen. $hich also our fathers that came after brought in #ith ;esus Othe =ld Testament ;oshuaP into the possession of the Gentiles #hom -od drave out before the face of our fathers?. 4 Acts G&CC7C5

The second eEample uses the #ord +nations, * ethne0 in reference to a multi7ethnic multitude of people non73sraelite and 3sraelite alike&
And hath made of one blood all nations of $en for to d#ell on all the face of the earth and hath determined the times before appointed and the bounds of their habitation. 4 Acts (G&/I

The third eEample employs the #ord +nation, *ethnos0 in reference to ;udahites descendants of the house of ;udah the t#o southern tribes of 3srael&
And they said Cornelius the centurion a just man and one that feareth -od and of good report among all the nation of the !"dahites?. 4 Acts (N&//

The fourth eEampleuses the #ord +gentiles, *ethne0 in reference to 3sraelites the descendants of the house of 3srael the ten northern tribes of 3srael&
And that he O!ah#ehP might make kno#n the vessels of mercy #hich he had afore prepared unto glory even us #hom he hath called not of the ;udahites only but also of the Gentiles@ 4 Aomans 8&/B7/C

$e #ill return to this last passage in Chapter I because some people may 9uestion this interpretation and also because it provides important clues for solving the mystery. Fven #ithout accepting the application for ethne in Aomans 8&/B7/C it should be apparent from the other three passages as #ell as many others that there is a much broader use of the -reek #ords 2ethnos3 and 2ethne3 than #hat is usually taught. >eEicographers also provide the broader application. Consider the follo#ing definitions for the -reek #ord 2ethnos3&
?(. a $"ltit"de *#hether of men or of beasts0 associated or living togetherL a co$pany troop swar$?. /. a $"ltit"de of indi)id"als of the sa$e nat"re or gen"s ? Acts (G&/I?. B. Race nation& Mt /(&CBL Acts (N&B5 etc. ? of the !ewish people >k //&/5L "sed *in the sing.0 of the !ewish people >k. G&5L /B&/?. C. ? in the =.T. foreign nations not worshipping the tr"e God pagans Gentiles ? Mt. C&(5 ? and very oftenL in plain contradistinction to the !ews& Ao B&/8?. 5. Daul uses ? ta\ >e&qnh even of Gentile Christians& Ao. ((&(BL (5&/G?.I/ There are IC passages in the NT #here #e have e&qno$ or e&qnh #ithout any special sense or characteristics?. * o"t /0 refer to a people or peoples in the general sense and of these the following ha)e in )iew the !ewish people& >k. G&5L /B&/L ;n.

(8

((&C6 5N 5( 5/L (6&B5L Ac. (N&//L /C&/ (N (GL /I&CL /6&(8L ( Dt. /&8. That the ;e#ish people is meant in the same sense as others #ith no particular distinction may be seen from the various conteEts?. That the e,pression e&qnh refers to all nations $ay e seen fro$ the addition of pa/nta OallP in Mt. /C&8 (CL /5&B/L /6&(8L Mk. ((&(GL (B&(NL >k. /(&/CL /C&CGL A. (5&((L -l. B&6.IB

3n the foregoing 9uotation from the Theolo!ical Dictionary o( the New Testa%ent some of the passages that are applied to +the ;e#ish people, are inclusive of all t#elve tribes indicating that the #ord 2ethnos3 sometimes describes both ;udahites and 3sraelites. 3t is no different in the =ld Testament. 2Goy)3 the %ebre# e9uivalent of the -reek #ord 2ethnos)3 is used in identical fashion. Consider the follo#ing definition for !oy from The New Brown4Dri,er4Bri!!s4Gesenius 'e"rew4En!lish Le1icon&
?(. Nation people ? a. specif. of descendants of * raha$ ? -n (/&/ ? (G&I ? definitely of %srael FE (8&I ? BB&(B ? Dt C&I ? of %srael and !"dah as two nations FH B5&(N?. c. usually of non7%eb. peoples FE 8&/C BC&(N ? esp. of these peoples as heathen& idolatrous >v (6&/C /6?.IC

The =ld Testament does not use !oy eEclusively for non7%ebre# peoples. 3n fact this leEicon begins by correctly defining the #ord generically as any nation or people. 3t then includes three definitions that many Christians completely ignore& !oy can refer +specif. of descendants of Abraham , +definitely of 3srael, and +of 3srael and ;udah as t#o nations., Drecisely opposite of popular teaching the .ible provides eEamples of non73sraelite nations identifying 3sraelites as !oy and !oyi%&
.ehold 3 have taught you Othe nation of 3sraelP statutes and judgments?. :eep therefore and do themL for this is your #isdom and your understanding in the sight of the Onon7 3sraeliteP nations O!oyi%P which shall hear all these stat"tes and say S"rely this great O3sraeliteP nation O!oyP is a wise and "nderstanding people. 1or #hat nation is there so great #ho hath -od so nigh unto them as !ah#eh our -od is in all things that #e call upon him for. 4 Deuteronomy C&57G ?tho" OMount Seir representing the FdomitesP hast said These two nations Ot#o goyim the houses of 3srael and ;udahP ? shall e $ine and we will possess it?. FHekiel B5&(N

The &nternational *tandard Bi"le Encyclopaedia and The 5onder,an Pictorial Bi"le Dictionary correctly define !oy&
?-oy *or -oi0 is rendered +-entiles, in the A< OAuthoriHed <ersionP in some BN passages but much more fre9uently +heathen , and oftener still +nation , ? it is commonly used for a non73sraelitish people and thus corresponds to the meaning of +-entiles., %t occ"rs howe)er in passages referring to the %sraelites as in -en (/ /L Deut B/ /6L ;osh B (GL C (L (N (BL / S G /BL 3sa ( CL Qeph / 8?.I5 ?So$eti$es goy refers to %srael *-en. (/&/L Deut. B/&/6L ;osh. B&(GL C&(L (N&(BL 33 Sam. G&/BL 3sa. (&CL Qeph. /&8?0?.II

Nelsons New &llustrated Bi"le Dictionary points out that the #ord +gentiles, is +a term used by OcontemporaryP ;e#ish people to refer to foreigners or any other people #ho #ere not a part of the ;e#ish race.,IG 3n other #ords the idea that the term +gentiles, eEclusively represents non7 ;e#s is simply a ;e#ish tradition adopted by modern Christianity. $hile this is true for many of today"s ;e#s and Christians The ni,ersal #ewish Encyclopedia and The #ewish Encyclopedia

/N

admit that in the .ible !oy simply meant nation6s7) and that it #as used for both non73sraelites and 3sraelites alike&
The +e rew word goy *plural !oyi%0 $eans +nation., %n Bi lical "sage it is applied also to %srael& +!e shall be unto Me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation, *!oy kadoshL FE. (8&I0.I6 %n the +e rew of the Bi le +goi, and its pl"ral +goyyi$, originally $eant +nation , and were applied oth to %sraelites and to non7%sraelites *-en. Eii. / Evii. /NL FE. Eiii. B EEEii. (NL Deut. iv. GL viii. 8 (CL Num. Eiv. (/L 3sa. i. C iE. //L ;er. vii. /60.I8

The #ewish Encyclopedia admits that the %ebre# #ord +!oyi%), and its Fnglish e9uivalent +gentiles , changed over time and took on +the sense of Mnon7;e#.",GN Nevertheless in the .ible !oy means any nation be it non73sraelite 3sraelite or ;udahite. The %ebre# #ord +!oy , like the -reek #ord +ethnos , is simply a generic #ord meaning nation*s0 or people*s0. The most cogent definition for both #ords is +a multitude of individuals from the same nature or genus.,G( Nations is the best translation of +!oy, and +ethnos., .oth #ords should have been translated in this manner throughout the =ld and Ne# Testaments permitting the conteEt of each passage to determine #hich nation*s0 #ere being referred to. %ad they been consistently translated nation*s0 much of today"s confusion concerning the gentiles #ould have never occurred. The translators" inconsistency in their renditions of +!oy, and +ethnos, has contributed to fla#ed theology concerning these #ords and their biblical eschatological and contemporary applications. Deople are often heard speaking of an individual as being a gentile. This is another improper use of the term. .ecause both +!oy3 and +ethnos, are collective nouns neither #ord can be used to identify an individual. The .ible al#ays uses these terms to identify numerous nations or a nation composed of many individuals. $ith this information so readily available from both the .ible and the leEicons #hy is it that many preachers and theologians continue to teach other#ise@ At best they have not taken the initiative to investigate this subject. At #orst they are similar to the leaders described in FHekiel //&/5& +There is a conspiracy of her Othe land"sP prophets ? they have taken the treasure and the precious things , giving them a#ay to people to #hom they do not belong. Jnderstanding that !oy and ethnos refer to both non73sraelite and 3sraelite nations #ill place you #ell on your #ay to#ard solving the mystery of the gentiles.

Chapter / The 6rophets Bear Witness

Amos B&G declares +Surely the >ord !ah#eh #ill do nothing but he revealeth his secret unto his servants the prophets., This is precisely #here the customary interpretation of the gentiles falls #oefully short. The generally accepted application of the #ord +gentiles, not only misuses -od"s $ord it also misapplies or leaves unfulfilled many prophecies. Consider the follo#ing three =ld Testament #itnesses& *Dicture of the Drophets K Caption for Dicture on >eft +Micah %aggai Malachi Qechariah, K Caption for Dicture on Aight +Qephaniah ;oel =badiah %osea0

Witness 2"$ er &ne

And 3srael stretched out his right hand and laid it upon Fphraim"s head?. And he blessed ;oseph and said ? his OFphraim"sP seed shall eco$e a $"ltit"de of nations. 4 -enesis C6&(C7(8

/(

Fphraim #as the representative tribe of the ten7tribed house of 3srael. The prophets used Fphraim and sometimes ;oseph Fphraim"s father to represent the house of 3srael. 8aussets Bi"le Dictionary attests to this use of Fphraim&
This kingdom #as sometimes also designated MFphraim" from its leading tribe *3sa. Evii. B %os. iv. (G0 as the southern kingdom M;udah" #as so designated from the prominent tribe.G/

;acob"s blessing upon Fphraim and his descendants #as essentially an eEtension of !ah#eh"s promise to Abraham&
?!ah#eh appeared to Abram and said unto him ... 3 #ill make my covenant bet#een me and thee and #ill multiply thee eEceedingly. ?and tho" shalt e a father of $any nations. Neither shall thy name any more be called Abram but thy name shall be AbrahamL for a father of $any nations ha)e % $ade thee. And 3 #ill make thee eEceeding fruitful and % will $ake nations of thee?. And % will esta lish $y co)enant etween $e and thee and thy seed after thee in their generations for an e)erlasting co)enant to be a -od unto thee and to thy seed after thee. 4 -enesis (G&(7G

As a conse9uence of misidentifying some of the gentiles in the .ible much of contemporary Christendom teaches a replacement theology kno#n as +Spiritual 3srael., This doctrine erroneously maintains that under the Ne# Covenant !ah#eh has replaced national 3srael #ith a spiritual 3srael made up of a multiracial multitude of people #ho have embraced !ahshua as their Saviour. %o#ever #hen !ah#eh blessed Abraham %e prophesied that $"raha%s descendants #ould become a multitude of nations. >ike#ise #hen ;acob blessed Fphraim he prophesied that Ephrai%s descendants #ould become a multitude of nations. Neither !ah#eh nor ;acob prophesied that a multitude of non73sraelite nations #ould become spiritual 3sraelites.) *)This doctrine is more thoroughly addressed in AppendiE ( 2 Spiritual 3srael& =ut of All Nations or =ut of the Nation of 3srael@0 The phrase +a multitude of nations, can also be rendered +a fullness of gentiles , a translation that #ill be addressed in Chapter G.

Witness 2"$ er Two

Moreover thou son of man take thee one stick and #rite upon it 7or Othe tribe ofP !"dah and for the children of %srael Oof the house of ;udahP his companions& then take another stick and #rite upon it 7or Othe tribe ofP !oseph the stick of (phrai$ and for all the ho"se of %srael his companions& And #oin the$ one to another into one stickL and they shall become one in thine hand. ?.ehold 3 #ill take the children of 3srael from among the heathen #hither they be gone and #ill gather them on every side and bring them into their o#n land& And % will $ake the$ Othe house of ;udah and the house of 3sraelP one nation in the land upon the mountains of 3sraelL and one king shall be king to them all& and they shall e no $ore two nations neither shall they e di)ided into two kingdo$s any $ore at all. 4 FHekiel BG&(I7//

!ah#eh declared through FHekiel and other =ld Testament prophets that the ten tribes of the house of 3srael #hom !ah#eh had divorced and scattered among other nations #ere not to be banished forever. They #ere to be called out from among the non73sraelite nations #here they #ere dispersed and eventually reunited #ith the house of ;udah. Many people assume that the ;udahites represent all t#elve tribes of 3srael. Conse9uently #hen some Christians are called upon to interpret prophecies relating to both houses of 3srael they are unable to do so. .ecause these Christians are mistaken about the heritage and ancestry of

//

today"s ;e#s and because they have absolutely no idea #ho represents the house of 3srael they often ignore FHekiel"s and other corresponding =ld Testament prophecies. They are unable to see that this prophecy and others like it actually find fulfillment in the Ne# Testament and in today"s descendants of the house of ;udah and the house of 3srael. FHekiel"s prophecy is sometimes erroneously circumvented by those #ho teach that it #as fulfilled at the time of FHra and Nehemiah) *)A careful reading of FHra and Nehemiah reveals that only 3sraelites from the tribes of ;udah .enjamin and >evi returned from .abylon to ;erusalem. The follo#ing 9uotations should also prove interesting& +?believers in the literal inspiration of the Scriptures have al#ays labored under a difficulty in regard to the continued eEistence of the tribes of 3srael #ith the eEception of those of ;udah and >evi *or .enjamin0 #hich returned Ofrom .abylonP #ith FHra and Nehemiah., +Tribes >ost Ten , The ;e#ish Fncyclopedia *Ne# !ork and >ondon& 1unk and $agnalls Company (8N50 <olume T33 p. /C8. +?unto the Second Temple there only #ent up ;udah and .enjamin #ho #ere carried captive to .abylonL and the children of ;udah and the children of 3srael #ere not gathered together at that time., Aabbi David ben ;oseph :imhi 9uoted in The %oly .ible According to the AuthoriHed <ersion *AD (I((0& $ith FEplanatory and Critical Commentary?. *>ondon Fngland& ;ohn Murray (6GI0 <olume <3 p. C(G.00 or that it is yet to be fulfilled at the Second Advent of !ahshua. Neither of these t#o interpretations is correct. Scripture records that the reunion of ;udah and 3srael #ould begin at the 1irst Advent of !ahshua the Christ as evidenced in Micah"s and Qechariah"s #ell7kno#n prophecies concerning !ahshua"s first appearance upon earth&
.ut thou .ethlehem Fphratah though thou be little among the thousands of ;udah yet out of thee shall he come forth unto me that is to be ruler in 3sraelL #hose goings forth have been from of old from everlasting. Therefore will he O!ah#ehP gi)e the$ Othe divorced house of 3sraelP "p "ntil the ti$e that she OMaryP which tra)aileth hath ro"ght forth& then the re$nant of his O!ahshua"sP rethren Oof the house of ;udahP shall ret"rn "nto the children of %srael. And this man shall be the peace?. And the remnant of ;acob shall be in the midst of many people as a de# from !ah#eh as the sho#ers upon the grass that tarrieth not for man nor #aiteth for the sons of men. And the remnant of ;acob shall be among the -entiles in the midst of many people?. 4 Micah 5&/76 Aejoice greatly = daughter of QionL shout = daughter of ;erusalem& behold thy 8ing co$eth unto thee& he is just and having salvationL lo#ly and riding "pon an ass and "pon a colt the foal of an ass. And % will c"t off the chariot fro$ (phrai$ Othe representative tribe of the house of 3sraelP and the horse fro$ !er"sale$ Othe capital of the house of ;udahP and the attle ow shall e c"t off& and he shall speak peace "nto the heathen O!oyi% or nationsP?. 4 Qechariah 8&87(N

*Dicture of !ahshua on Donkey See Bi"le *tories K Caption 2 !ahshua"s triumphant entrance into ;erusalem0 3saiah also prophesied that the reuniting of the t#o houses of the nation of 3srael #ould begin at !ahshua"s 1irst Advent&
And in that day there shall be a root of ;esse #hich shall stand for an ensign of the peopleL to it shall the -entiles O!oyi% or nationsP seek& and his rest shall be glorious. And it shall come to pass in that day that the >ord shall set his hand again the second time to recover the remnant of his people?. And he shall set up an ensign for the nations and shall assemble the outcasts of 3srael and gather together the dispersed of ;udah from the four corners of the earth. 4 3saiah ((&(N7(/

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The fact that 3saiah #as referring to the 1irst and not the Second Advent of !ahshua is made apparent by the Apostle Daul in Aomans (5&(/. Daul applied the phrase +the root of ;esse, to !ahshua and this prophecy to %is 1irst Advent. Nelsons New &llustrated Bi"le Dictionary applies the reference to David in the prophecy of the t#o sticks in FHekiel BG to !ahshua"s 1irst Advent as #ell&
Although -od"s people #ere suffering at the hands of a pagan nation #hen FHekiel prophesied better days #ere assured. -od #ould establish %is universal rule among %is people through a descendant of David *BG&/C7/50. This is a clear reference to the MFSS3A% a prophecy fulfilled #hen ;esus #as born in .ethlehem more than 5NN years later.GB

These prophecies reveal that the t#o houses #ere not reunited #hen the house of ;udah returned to ;erusalem from their .abylonian captivity. 3nstead !ah#eh promised to call the house of 3srael back from among the non73sraelite nations #here she had been dispersed and reunite her #ith the house of ;udah beginning at the 1irst Advent of !ahshua.

Witness 2"$ er Three

Then said -od ? ye are not my people and 3 #ill not be your -od. !et the number of the children of 3srael shall be as the sand of the sea #hich cannot be measured nor numberedL and it shall come to pass that in the place where it was said "nto the$ Othe house of 3sraelP 4e are not $y people there it shall e said "nto the$ 4e are the sons of the li)ing God. Then shall the children of ;udah and the children of 3srael be gathered together?. 4 %osea (&87(N

%osea #as speaking to 3sraelites of the divorced house of 3srael #hom !ah#eh #ould call from their banishment and christen +sons of the living -od., !ahshua"s ministry #as initially to %is brethren of the house of ;udah and %e granted them the po#er to become sons of -od first&
%e came unto his o#n and his o#n received him not. .ut as many as received him to them gave he po#er to become the sons of -od even to them that believe on his name& $hich #ere born not of blood nor of the #ill of the flesh nor of the #ill of man but of -od. 4 ;ohn (&((7(B

Another name for sons of -od is Christians. According to %osea there #ould also be 3sraelites from the house of 3srael #ho #ould become Christians. Many people understand that !ah#eh"s Ne# Covenant people #ere to be given the name +Christians, as prophesied in 3saiah I5&(5 and fulfilled in Acts ((&/I. .ut those same people often fail to discern that 3saiah"s prophecy #as made to and about 3sraelites.) *)This is not to say that non73sraelites are unable to share in some of the Ne# Covenant benefits available through !ahshua and %is blood7atoning sacrifice much the same as non73sraelites did under the =ld Covenant. See AppendiE / 4 !ah#eh"s Dlan for .elieving Non73sraelites.0 So far #e have gleaned the follo#ing clues from the =ld Testament& Non73sraelites and 3sraelites alike can be gentiles. !ah#eh divorced the ten7tribed house of 3srael and scattered them among non7 3sraelite gentiles or nations. These same 3sraelite people #ere to become a multitude of nations or fullness of gentiles.

/C

 These 3sraelites lost their identity and became collectively referred to as gentiles or by the names of the gentile nations among #hom they #ere dispersed or by the names given to them by these non73sraelites nations. A remnant of these 3sraelite people #ere to be reunited #ith a remnant from the house of ;udah beginning at the first advent of !ahshua. These reunited 3sraelites #ould be christened sons of the living -od and #ould be called Christians.

*dditional Witnesses
Armed #ith these clues let us consider some additional =ld Testament prophecies 9uoted in the Ne# Testament&
And that he O!ah#ehP might make kno#n the riches of his glory on the vessels of mercy #hich he had afore prepared unto glory even us #hom he hath called not of the ;udahites only but also of the -entiles. *s he saith also in &see O+oseaP % will call the$ $y people which were not $y people?. 4 Aomans 8&/B7/5

Christians #ho assume that the ;udahites in Aomans 8 represent all t#elve tribes of 3srael conclude that the gentiles must be non73sraelites. Therein lies the heart of the mystery. .ecause the term +;e#s, is never used in either the =ld or Ne# Testament to describe all t#elve tribes of 3srael there is no reason to immediately conclude that the gentiles in this and other passages represent non73sraelites. The gentiles in Aomans 8 simply represent non7;udahites 4 either 3sraelites or non73sraelites or both. The =ld Testament prophets narro# do#n these three options helping us to determine #hich nations Daul #as referring to. 3n verse /B the Apostle Daul describes these people as +vessels of mercy., The prophets 3saiah FHekiel and Qechariah inform us #hich nations #ere to specifically receive !ah#eh"s mercy&
1or thy Othe house of 3srael"sP Maker is thine h"s andL 4ahweh of hosts is his nameL and thy Redee$er the +oly &ne of %srael?. 1or !ah#eh hath called thee as a #oman forsaken and grieved in spirit and a #ife of youth #hen thou #ast refused saith thy -od. 1or a small moment have 3 forsaken theeL but with great $ercies will % gather thee. 3n a little #rath 3 hid my face from thee for a momentL but with e)erlasting kindness will % ha)e $ercy on thee?. 1or the mountains shall depart and the hills be removedL but my kindness shall not depart from thee neither shall the co)enant of $y peace e re$o)ed saith 4ahweh that hath $ercy on thee. 4 3saiah 5C&57(N So the house of 3srael shall kno# that 3 am !ah#eh their -od from that day and for#ard. And the heathen shall kno# that the house of 3srael #ent into captivity for their ini9uity& because they trespassed against me therefore hid 3 my face from them and gave them into the hand of their enemies& so fell they all by the s#ord. According to their uncleanness and according to their transgressions have 3 done unto them and hid my face from them. Therefore thus saith the >ord !ah#ehL No# #ill % ring again OreverseP the capti)ity of !aco and ha)e $ercy "pon the whole ho"se of %srael and #ill be jealous for my holy name. 4 FHekiel B8&//7/5 And % will strengthen the ho"se of !"dah and % will sa)e the ho"se of !oseph and 3 #ill bring them again to place themL for % ha)e $ercy "pon the$& and they shall be as though 3 had not cast them off& for 3 am !ah#eh their -od and #ill hear them. 4 Qechariah (N&I

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3n %osea (&I !ah#eh initially declared that %e #ould +no more have mercy upon the house of 3srael., >ater %e announced that it #as to these very people that %e #ould indeed eventually sho# %is mercy&
And 3 #ill betroth thee unto me for everL yea % will etroth thee "nto $e in righteousness and in judgment and in lovingkindness and in $ercies?. And 3 #ill so# her unto me in the earthL and % will ha)e $ercy "pon her that had not o tained $ercy?. 4 %osea /&(87/B

Throughout the =ld Testament prophets #e find !ah#eh bringing judgment upon the backsliding houses of ;udah and 3srael yet %e al#ays follo#ed that judgment #ith promises of %is future mercy. Although at times !ah#eh #as also merciful to non73sraelites the prophetic passages of the =ld Testament specifically identify 3sraelite nations as the recipients of %is mercy. Therefore there is no reason to assume that Aomans 8&/B7/C applies to non73sraelite gentiles especially in light of the remaining teEtual evidence. The Ne# American Standard .ible translators described the nations in 9uestion in Aomans 8&/B as having been +prepared beforehand for glory., 3n verses B and C of this same chapter Daul proclaims to #hom the glory belongs&
?my brethren my kinsmen according to the flesh& $ho are 3sraelitesL to #hom pertaineth the adoption and the glory?. 4 Aomans 8&B7C

3saiah prophesied that the glory of !ah#eh #as reserved for 3srael&
3n that day shall !ah#eh of hosts be for a cro#n of glory and for a diadem of beauty unto the residue of his people. 4 3saiah /6&5 ?the house of ;acob?. Then shall thy light break forth as the morning and thine health shall spring forth speedily& and thy righteousness shall go before theeL the glory of !ah#eh shall be thy rere#ard. 4 3saiah 56&(76

These prophesies reveal that !ah#eh"s glory #as +prepared beforehand, or predestined for the people of 3srael. Daul also spoke of predestination in Aomans 6&
?all things #ork together for good to them that love -od to the$ who are the called according to his p"rpose. 7or who$ he did foreknow he also did predestinate to e confor$ed to the i$age of his Son that he $ight e the first orn a$ong $any rethren. Moreover #hom he did predestinate them he also called& and #hom he called them he also justified& and #hom he justified them he also glorified. 4 Aomans 6&/67BN

Note especially the phrase +#hom %e did forekno#., The -reek phrase +ou^$ proe/gnw, *ho9s pro:!noo0 from #hich this Fnglish phrase is translated is also found in Aomans (( #here Daul used it to identify 3sraelite nations&
3 say then %ath -od cast a#ay his people@ -od forbid. 1or 3 also am an %sraelite of the seed of * raha$ of the tribe of .enjamin. -od hath not cast a#ay his people which he foreknew Oo^n proe/gnw]?. 4 Aomans ((&(7/

The Drophet Amos declared that it #as only 3sraelites #hom !ah#eh forekne#&
%ear this #ord that !ah#eh hath spoken ? = children of 3srael ? saying !ou only have 3 kno#n of all the families of the earth?. 4 Amos B&(7/

/I

Daul identified those +#hom he did forekno#, as !ahshua"s brethren in Aomans 6&/8 and as 3sraelites in Aomans ((&(7/. Daul continued in Aomans 6&BN by saying 2 +?#hom he did predestinate them he also called., 3n other #ords those #hom !ah#eh forekne# 4 identified as 3sraelite +kinsman according to the flesh, 4 #ere also those people #hom %e called. This calling leads us right back to Aomans 8&
And that he might make kno#n the riches of his glory on the vessels of mercy #hich he had afore prepared unto glory even us who$ he hath called not of the ;udahites only but also of the -entiles. 4 Aomans 8&/B7/C

3saiah identified those #hom !ah#eh called as 3sraelites&

%earken unto me = !aco and %srael $y calledL 3 am heL 3 am the first 3 also am the last?. 3 even 3 have spokenL yea % ha)e called hi$. 4 3saiah C6&(/7(5

According to Daul those #hom !ah#eh called #ere of the house of ;udah and also +of the -entiles., The Ne# American Standard .ible translates this same phrase +from among the -entiles , #hich points again to the house of 3srael scattered among the non73sraelite nations. 3n FHekiel"s prophecy regarding the t#o sticks representing the house of ;udah and the house of 3srael #e find essentially the same phrase&
?say unto them Thus saith the >ord !ah#ehL .ehold 3 #ill take the children of %srael Oof the house of 3sraelP fro$ a$ong the heathen O!oyP #hither they be gone and #ill gather them on every side and bring them into their o#n land& And 3 #ill make them Othe house of ;udah and the house of 3sraelP one nation in the land upon the mountains of 3sraelL and one king shall be king to them all& and they shall be no more t#o nations neither shall they be divided into t#o kingdoms any more at all. 4 FHekiel BG&(I7//

All of the teEtual evidence points to the fact that the gentiles referred to by Daul in Aomans 8&/C are the divorced and +gentiliHed, nations from the house of 3srael. 3n these verses both parties have been identified 2 the ;e#s represent the house of ;udah and the gentiles represent the house of 3srael. Aomans 8&/B7/C is not describing a union bet#een 3sraelites and non73sraelites #hich #as never prophesied in the =ld Testament. 3t is describing the beginning of the fulfillment of FHekiel"s prophesied reunion of the house of ;udah and the house of 3srael. $hile the foregoing provides sufficient evidence to conclude that the gentiles in Aomans 8&/C are the nations of the house of 3srael the conteEt provides further definitive confirmation for this conclusion&
Fven us #hom he hath called not of the ;udahites only but also of the -entiles@ *s he saith also in &see O%oseaP 3 #ill call them my people #hich #ere not my peopleL and her beloved #hich #as not beloved. And it shall come to pass that in the place #here it #as said unto them !e are not my peopleL there shall they be called the children of the living -od. 4 Aomans 8&/C7/I

3n Aomans 8&/57/I the Apostle Daul 9uoted from chapters ( and / of the Drophet %osea. Fverything in these t#o chapters pertains to 3sraelites and only 3sraelites. These chapters describe !ah#eh"s divorce of the house of 3srael and prophesy %is remarriage to those same people and their reunion #ith the house of ;udah. 3n Aomans 8&/C7/I Daul 9uoted and applied %osea (&(N and /&/B to the scattered 3sraelites simply kno#n then as ethne. Aomans 8&/C is the beginning of the fulfillment of both FHekiel BG&/( and %osea"s corresponding prophecies concerning the reunion of the house of 3srael #ith the house of ;udah. The %osea prophecies #ere made about the nations of the house of 3srael and can be applied to only the nations of the house of 3srael.

/G

-od is not a man that he should lie ? hath he said and shall he not do it@ =r hath he spoken and shall he not make it good@ Numbers /B&(8

The authors of The Pulpit +o%%entary misidentified the ;udahites in Aomans 8&/C as being all t#elve tribes of 3srael and the gentiles as being non73sraelites. Nevertheless in attempting to eEplain ho# these prophecies from %osea could someho# be applied to non73sraelites gentiles they admitted that these prophecies pertained to the ten7tribed house of 3srael&
3t might seem that these 9uotations are not apposite OapplicableP since they referred originally not to the -entiles but to the ten tribes of 3srael.GC

The Pulpit +o%%entarys use of the #ord +originally, implies that at some point in time !ah#eh changed %is mind. .ut nothing in the =ld Testament indicates that someone else #as ever substituted for the 3sraelites. There is no biblical justification for applying these prophecies to anyone other than to #hom they #ere originally directed. These prophecies refer to the ten tribes of 3srael and no one has the authority to apply them to non73sraelites. %ad ethnos been translated nations in Aomans 8&/C and had the connection bet#een the ten tribes or nations of 3srael and the !oyi% and the ethne been made most of the confusion over this passage #ould have never eEisted. 3mmediately follo#ing his 9uotations from %osea about the house of 3srael Daul 9uoted the Drophet 3saiah in verse /G. %e introduced the 9uotation by declaring that +Fsaias also crieth concerning 3srael., The conteEt of 3saiah (N&// from #hich Daul 9uoted is about the gentiliHed 3sraelites from the nations of the house of 3srael. .y 9uoting from %osea ( and / and 3saiah (N Daul confirmed that the nations to #hom he #as referring #ere 3sraelites rather than non7 3sraelites. Therefore in Aomans 8 and other Ne# Testament passages the ethne are the same 3sraelite !oyi% found in the =ld Testament #ho #ere divorced by !ah#eh and #ho #ere prophesied to be reunited #ith the house of ;udah beginning at the 1irst Advent of the Messiah. 3n spite of the prophetic and teEtual evidence demonstrating that in Aomans 8&/C the ;e#s are ;udahites and the gentiles are 3sraelites verses BN7B( raises a 9uestion that begs an ans#er&
$hat shall #e say then@ That the Gentiles #hich follo#ed not after righteousness have attained to righteousness even the righteousness #hich is of faith. .ut %srael #hich follo#ed after the la# of righteousness hath not attained to the la# of righteousness. 4 Aomans 8&BN7B(

3n these t#o verses Daul contrasts the gentiles #ith 3sraelL therefore ho# can those gentiles be 3sraelites@ Aemember !ah#eh initially chose to conceal the identity of the house of 3srael by divorcing and scattering her among the nations of the #orld. According to %osea (&C7I they lost the right to be called by the name +3srael., Although undeserved the house of ;udah remained in a marriage relationship #ith !ah#eh right up to the Ne# Covenant dispensation presumably so that !ah#eh"s Son #ould not be born out of #edlock&
And !ah#eh said unto ? O%oseaP ?3 #ill ? cause to cease the kingdom of the house of 3srael?. 3 #ill no more have mercy upon the house of 3srael?. .ut % will ha)e $ercy "pon the ho"se of !"dah?. 4 %osea (&C7G

Therefore the house of ;udah continued in her kingdom relationship #ith !ah#eh and retained the right to be called by the marital name &sra El. Although representing only the t#o southern tribes and principally kno#n as ;udahites they #ere nonetheless 3sraelites and occasionally called 3srael because they still reigned #ith Fl in %is kingdom&

/6

%ear ye this & ho"se of !aco which are called y the na$e of %srael and are co$e forth o"t of the waters of !"dah?. 4 3saiah C6&( Fphraim compasseth me about #ith lies and the house of 3srael #ith deceit& but !"dah yet r"leth with God OFlohiymP?. 4 %osea ((&(/

Jnder the subheading +Aebellion of the Northern Tribes , Nelsons New &llustrated Bi"le Dictionary declares that the reason #hy the term +3srael, in the .ible is sometimes confusing is because it is occasionally used for both the northern tribes of the house of 3srael and for the covenant people of the house of ;udah&
The northern tribes declared independence and formed a separate kingdom #ith ;eroboam as head. They named their kingdom +3srael, *this sometimes causes confusion because the name is also used for the remnant of the Covenant Deople at a later time0.G5

The New n!ers Bi"le Dictionary also comments concerning the use of the name +3srael, as a designation for the descendants of the house of ;udah&
After the .abylonian captivity the returned eEiles though mainly of ;udah resumed the name of 3srael as the designation of their nation but as individuals they are called ;e#s?.GI

The 3srael in Aomans 8&B( attempted to follo# +after the la# of righteousness., This descriptive phrase fits only the house of ;udah. The house of 3srael never had such aspirations #hich #as one of the reasons #hy !ah#eh divorced her. Therefore the 3sraelites referred to in verse B( are ;udahite 3sraelites #ho #ere still kno#n by the name +3srael, and #ho believed that the only path to righteousness #as by #ay of !ah#eh"s la#. Daul contrasted them #ith the descendants of the house of 3srael #ho had earlier lost the right to bear that name and #ho #ere therefore simply kno#n as the nations. <erses /57/G of Aomans 8 contain prophecies from %osea (&(N /&/B and 3saiah (N&//7/B regarding the ten tribes that eEplain verse /C. 3t is for this reason that the term +3srael, in these verses is used in reference to the house of 3srael. %o#ever in Aomans 8&BN through ((&/5 Daul contrasts the divorced and gentiliHed nations of the house of 3srael #ith the house of ;udah. Therefore in this and other Aoman passages Daul uses the term +gentiles, to signify the scattered house of 3srael and the term +3srael, to signify the house of ;udah. %aving determined that the term +3srael , #hen contrasted #ith gentiles represents the house of ;udah and that the term +gentiles, represents the house of 3srael it should be apparent that Aomans (( is the fulfillment of FHekiel"s prophecy about the t#o sticks depicting the t#o houses of 3srael. The first half of FHekiel BG begins by describing the valley of the dry bones representing both houses of 3srael. =ne house the house of 3srael #as spiritually dead and already divorced. The other house the house of ;udah #as also spiritually dead and #ould be divorced later.) *)The kingdom relationship bet#een !ah#eh and the entire nation of 3srael #as established #hen !ah#eh married the t#elve tribes of 3srael in FEodus (8&57I. This kingdom relationship represents %is marital relationship #ith them. !ah#eh"s divorce of the house of 3srael in %osea (&C is depicted in terms of the removal of the kingdom. Therefore the removal of the kingdom from the ;udahite leaders in Matthe# /(&CB is e9uivalent to the divorce of the house of ;udah. The house of ;udah"s divorce #as prophesied in / :ings /B&/G& +And !ah#eh said 3 #ill remove ;udah also out of my sight as 3 have removed 3srael and #ill cast off this city ;erusalem #hich 3 have chosen and the house of #hich 3 said My name shall be there., The house of ;udah #as put a#ay but not divorced #hen the .abylonians sacked ;erusalem in 56( .C and took the remaining ;udahites captive for seventy years. The house of ;udah #as finally divorced follo#ing
/8

the crucifiEion of !ahshua #hich culminated in the destruction of ;erusalem and the second temple in GN AD.0 %o#ever it #as also prophesied that these +dead, 3sraelites #ould have the breath of life breathed back into them. $hat #as dead #ould be made alive. *Dore"s Dainting of FHekiel"s <ision 4 Dage ((6 K Caption 2 Same as #ith Dicture0 A corresponding prophecy is found in the latter half of FHekiel BG&
The #ord of !ah#eh came again unto me saying Moreover thou son of man take thee one stick and write "pon it 7or Othe tribe ofP !"dah and for the children of %srael Oof the house of ;udahP his co$panions& then take another stick and write "pon it 7or Othe tribe ofP !oseph the stick of (phrai$ and for all the ho"se of %srael his co$panions. And join them one to another into one stickL and they shall become one in thine hand. 4 FHekiel BG&(57(G

Fach of the t#o houses of 3srael is portrayed in this prophecy as being a stick. The bones in the first prophecy and the sticks in the second prophecy represent dead 3sraelites. 3f dead dry sticks are brought back to life they become living fruitful branches 2 a very important clue.
And #hen the children of thy people shall speak unto thee saying $ilt thou not she# us #hat thou meanest by these@ Say unto them Thus saith the >ord !ah#ehL .ehold 3 #ill take the stick of ;oseph #hich is in the hand of Fphraim and the tribes of Othe house ofP 3srael his fello#s and #ill put them #ith him even #ith the stick of Othe house ofP ;udah and $ake the$ one stick and they shall e one in $ine hand . And the sticks #hereon thou #ritest shall be in thine hand before their eyes. And say unto them Thus saith the >ord !ah#ehL .ehold 3 #ill take the children of Othe house ofP 3srael from among the heathen #hither they be gone and #ill gather them on every side and bring them into their o#n land. And % will $ake the$ Othe house of ;udah and the house of 3sraelP one nation in the land "pon the $o"ntains of %srael L and one king shall e king to the$ all& and they shall e no $ore two nations neither shall they e di)ided into two kingdo$s any $ore at all& Neither shall they defile themselves any more #ith their idols nor #ith their detestable things nor #ith any of their transgressions& but 3 #ill save them out of all their d#ellingplaces #herein they have sinned and #ill cleanse them& so shall they be my people and 3 #ill be their -od. 4 FHekiel BG&(67/B

%o# peculiar that various Christian leaders are telling their flocks that this and similar prophecies are fulfilled in a union of 3sraelites and non73sraelite gentiles. !ah#eh #as very specific in 3saiah ;eremiah FHekiel Daniel %osea ;oel Micah and Qechariah that these prophecies concern a reunion of the t#o houses of 3srael. Changing the principle parties of these prophecies makes it impossible to apply them correctly. .y combining both prophecies in FHekiel BG it can be seen that the t#o sticks representing the house of ;udah and the house of 3srael #ere to be brought back from the dead and reunited #ith each other. FHekiel 3saiah Micah and Qechariah prophesied that this reuniting #as to begin at the 1irst Advent of the Messiah. Therefore it is reasonable to eEpect that the fulfillment of such a momentous prophecy #ould be mentioned in the Ne# Testament.

Chapter 9 S"pporting Script"ral ()idence& Ro$ans 11

3t has already been determined that Aomans 8&/C fulfills FHekiel BG&/( %osea (&(N and /&/B. %o#ever there is more. The t#o dead sticks of FHekiel BG that #ere brought back to life and reunited #ith each other and the t#o living branches brought back from the dead of Aomans (( are one and the same.

BN

Ro$ans 11&1711
3 say then %ath -od cast a#ay his people Othe #hole nation of 3sraelP@ -od forbid. 1or 3 also am an 3sraelite of the seed of Abraham of the tribe of .enjamin Oof the house of ;udahP. -od hath not cast a#ay his people #hich he forekne#. $ot ye not #hat the scripture saith of Flias@ ?3 have reserved to myself seven thousand men #ho have not bo#ed the knee to the image of .aal. Fven so then at this present time also there is a remnant Ofrom the house of ;udahP according to the election of grace?. $hat then@ 3srael Othe house of ;udahP hath not obtained that #hich he seeketh forL but the election Ofrom the house of ;udahP hath obtained it and the rest Oof ;udahP #ere blinded?. % say then +a)e they Othe house of ;udahP st"$ led that they sho"ld fall@ God for id& "t rather thro"gh their Othe house of ;udah"sP fall sal)ation is co$e "nto the nations) *).ecause people are likely to stumble over the phrase +the -entiles, in Aomans (( 3 have taken the liberty to change it to +the nations , as it #ould have been better translated.0 Oof the house of 3sraelP for to pro)oke the$ Othe house of ;udahP to #ealo"sy.

This last phrase is a reference to Deuteronomy B/&/( a prophecy regarding the nation of 3srael&
=f the Aock that begat thee thou art unmindful and hast forgotten -od that formed thee. And #hen !ah#eh sa# it he abhorred them because of the provoking of his sons and of his daughters. And he said 3 #ill hide my face from them 3 #ill see #hat their end shall be& for they are a very fro#ard generation children in #hom is no faith. They have moved me to jealousy #ith that #hich is not -odL they have provoked me to anger #ith their vanities& and % will $o)e the$ to #ealo"sy with those which are not a people O%ebre# 7 lo a%PL 3 #ill provoke them to anger #ith a foolish nation. 4 Deuteronomy B/&(67/(

Deuteronomy B/&/( can be interpreted only for eEactly #hat it says 4 that 3sraelites #ould be provoked by lo a% or not a people. $ho #ere these +not a people, people@ The Drophet %osea identified them as a people #ho #ere divorced by their %usband #ho #ere no longer %is people and #ho subse9uently lost their identity as 3sra Fl. !ah#eh commanded the Drophet %osea to name his second son Loa%%i for that reason&
Then said -od Call his name 1oa$$i& for ye Othe house of 3sraelP are not $y people and 3 #ill not be your -od. 4 %osea (&8

3saiah also identified the house of 3srael as +not a people,&

?#ithin threescore and five years shall (phrai$ e broken that it be not a people. 4 3saiah G&6

Daul 9uoted Deuteronomy B/&/( in Aomans (N&(87/N follo#ed by a 9uotation from 3saiah #ritten to ;udah a"out 3srael&
3 am sought of them that asked not for meL 3 am found of them that sought me not& 3 said .ehold me behold me "nto a nation that was not called y $y na$e. 3 have spread out my hands all the day unto a rebellious people #hich #alketh in a #ay that #as not good after their o#n thoughts. 4 3saiah I5&(7/

3saiah"s prophecy to ;udah is a second #itness that the +not a people, people #ere those rebellious and dispersed 3sraelites #ho #ere to provoke the ;udahites to jealousy at the time of

B(

the Ne# Covenant. Aomans ((&(( is not describing non73sraelites provoking 3sraelites but rather the ten7tribed house of 3srael provoking the house of ;udah to jealousy.

Ro$ans 11&12
No# if the fall of the$ Othe ;udahitesP be the riches of the Onon73sraeliteP world and the diminishing of them the riches of the nations Othe 3sraelitesPL ho# much more their Othe ;udahites"P fulness@

There are three groups listed in verse (/ 4 ;udahites the #orld and gentiles. 3f the ;udahites represent all t#elve tribes of 3srael and the gentiles represent non73sraelites there is no one left to represent the #orld. 3nstead the ;udahites represent descendants of the house of ;udah the gentiles or nations represent descendants of the house of 3srael and the #orld represents non7 3sraelites. *Dicture of %idden Treasure K Caption 2 The %idden Treasure0 3n the parable in Matthe# (B&CC about the treasure hid in the field the treasure represents 3srael *Dsalm (B5&C0 and the field represents the #orld *Matthe# (B&B80. The non73sraelite #orld benefited from the house of 3srael being scattered among them because !ahshua purchased the #orld in order to redeem scattered 3srael #ho had been sifted +among all nations, *Amos 8&80 and +removed into all the kingdoms of the earth, *;eremiah BC&(G0. .oth ;udahites and non73sraelites benefited from the house of 3srael"s return to her -od. The eEtent of !ahshua"s sacrifice covered those in the #orld #ho #ould obey the gospel.) *)See AppendiE / 2 !ah#eh"s Dlan for .elieving Non73sraelites.0 .ut the intent of %is mission and the primary emphasis of Aomans (( is the reunion of 3sraelites from the house of 3srael #ith ;udahites from the house of ;udah through !ahshua"s blood7atoning sacrifice as prophesied by the =ld Testament prophets.

Ro$ans 11&1.715
1or 3 speak to you nations O3sraelitesP inasmuch as 3 am the apostle of the nations O3sraelitesP?. 3f by any means 3 may provoke to emulation them Othe ;udahitesP #hich are my flesh and might save some of them. 1or if the casting a#ay of them Othe ;udahitesP be the reconciling of the #orld O#here the house of 3srael had been scatteredP #hat shall the receiving of them Othe ;udahitesP be but life fro$ the dead@

3n fulfillment of FHekiel"s prophecy concerning the valley of dry bones both the house of ;udah and the house of 3srael #ere given +life from the dead.,

Ro$ans 11&1.715
1or if the firstfruit be holy the lump is also holy& and if the root e holy so are the ranches.

!ahshua is the root of ;esse and #ithout %im there can be no reunion or restored relationship #ith !ah#eh for any 3sraelite of either house&
And in that day there shall be a root of ;esse #hich shall stand for an ensign of the peopleL to it shall the -entiles O!oyi% or nationsP seek?. And it shall come to pass in that day that the >ord shall set his hand again the second time to recover the remnant of his people?. And he shall set up an ensign for the nations O!oyi%P and shall assemble the outcasts of 3srael and gather together the dispersed of ;udah from the four corners of the earth. 4 3saiah ((&(N7(/ 1or he O!ahshuaP shall gro# up before him O!ah#ehP as a tender plant and as a root out of a dry ground?. .ut he #as #ounded for our transgressions he #as bruised for our ini9uities& the chastisement of our peace #as upon himL and #ith his stripes #e are

B/

healed. All #e O3sraelitesP like sheep have gone astrayL #e have turned every one to his o#n #ayL and !ah#eh hath laid on him the ini9uity of us all ? for the transgression of my people #as he stricken. 4 3saiah 5B&/76

%osea declared that 3sraelites cannot bear fruit #hen their root is dried up&
Fphraim is smitten their root is dried up they shall bear no fruit?. My -od #ill cast them a#ay because they did not hearken unto him& and they shall be #anderers among the nations. 4 %osea 8&(I7(G

Additionally. the Drophets 3saiah and ;eremiah identified !ahshua as a branch through #hom 3sraelites from both houses of 3srael and ;udah #ould be saved&
3n that day shall the branch of !ah#eh be beautiful and glorious and the fruit of the earth shall be eEcellent and comely for them that are escaped of 3srael. 4 3saiah C&/ .ehold the days come saith !ah#eh that 3 #ill raise unto David a righteous .ranch and a :ing shall reign and prosper and shall eEecute judgment and justice in the earth. 3n his days ;udah shall be saved and 3srael shall d#ell safely& and this is his name #hereby he shall be called !ah#eh our righteousness. 4 ;eremiah /B&57I

Ro$ans 11&19
*nd if so$e of the ranches Oof the house of ;udahP e roken off and tho" Ofrom the house of 3sraelP eing a wild oli)e tree wert graffed in a$ong the$ and with the$ partakest of the root and fatness of the oli)e tree.

$hen referring to a specific nation olive branches or olive trees al#ays represent 3sraelites in the .ible. 3n %osea 8&(I7(G %osea informs us that after !ah#eh divorced the house of 3srael their root #as dried up and %e had cast them a#ay. This casting a#ay did not change them from an olive tree to a cypress or some other kind of tree. They #ould have simply become a #ild variety of olive tree. 3saiah prophesied that the house of 3srael #ould have its branch cut off&
?(phrai$ and the inha itant of Sa$aria ? t"rneth not "nto hi$ that s$iteth the$ neither do they seek 4ahweh of hosts. Therefore 4ahweh will c"t off fro$ %srael head and tail ranch and rush in one day. 4 3saiah 8&87(C

3n Aomans ((&(G Daul used the term +#ild olive tree., !ah#eh used similar language to describe the house of 3srael after she had turned a#ay from %im&
!et 3 had planted thee a noble vine #holly a right seed& ho# then art thou turned into the degenerate plant of a strange )ine unto me@ 4 ;eremiah /&/(

The =ld Testament prophets never describe non73sraelites as a #ild plant of any kind. 3saiah employed the #ord +#ild, to describe the house of 3srael #hen in rebellion to her -od&
My #ellbeloved hath a )ineyard in a very fruitful hill ? and he looked that it should bring forth grapes and it ro"ght forth wild grapes?. And 3 #ill lay it #aste& it shall not be pruned nor diggedL but there shall come up briers and thorns?. 7or the )ineyard of 4ahweh of hosts is the ho"se of %srael and the $en of Othe house ofP !"dah his pleasant plant?. 4 3saiah 5&/7G

BB

3saiah identified the #ild grapes #ith the house of 3srael. <erses 57I describe the house of 3srael as an uncultivated vineyard. The house of ;udah #as depicted as !ah#eh"s pleasant or good plant. As #e #ill see these descriptions are nearly identical to Daul"s portrayal of the gentiles and the ;udahites in Aomans ((&/C. %osea prophesied that the house of 3srael #ould be reunited #ith !ah#eh their Aoot and that they #ould again become a fruit7bearing olive tree&
& %srael ret"rn "nto 4ahweh thy GodL for thou hast fallen by thine ini9uity?. 3 #ill heal their backsliding 3 #ill love them freely& for mine anger is turned a#ay from him. 3 #ill be as the de# unto 3srael& he shall gro# as the lily and cast forth his roots as >ebanon. +is ranches shall spread and his ea"ty shall e as the oli)e tree?. 4 %osea (C&(7I

According to the =ld Testament prophets the #ild olive tree or branches of Aomans (( represent the nations of the house of 3srael #ho had been divorced by !ah#eh and scattered throughout the #orld.

Ro$ans 11&1:
.oast not against the branches Oof the house of ;udahP. .ut if thou Othe house of 3sraelP boast tho" earest not the root "t the root thee.

Dhysical descent has very little significance #ithout !ahshua"s blood7atoning sacrifice and resurrection from the grave. There is no such thing as salvation by race even for the descendants of ;acob 3srael.

Ro$ans 11&1;722
Thou #ilt say then The OnaturalP ranches Oof the unbelieving house of ;udahP were roken off that 3 Othe #ild olive branches of the house of 3sraelP might be graffed in. $ellL eca"se of "n elief they Othe house of ;udahP #ere broken off and thou Othe house of 3sraelP standest by faith. Be not high$inded "t fear& 7or if God spared not the nat"ral ranches Oof the unbelieving house of ;udahP take heed lest he also spare not thee Othe grafted #ild olive branches of the house of 3sraelP. .ehold therefore the goodness and severity of -od& on them Ounbelievers from the house of ;udahP #hich fell severityL but to#ard thee Obelievers from the house of 3sraelP goodness if tho" contin"e in his goodness& otherwise tho" also shalt e c"t off.

Daul #arned the Aoman Christians that branches from both houses could be broken off. This fulfills ;eremiah"s prophecy in #hich he declared that both houses of ;udah and 3srael as olive branches #ould be broken off from the main tree of the nation of 3srael&
They are turned back to the ini9uities of their forefathers #hich refused to hear my #ordsL and they #ent after other gods to serve them& the ho"se of %srael and the ho"se of !"dah?. $hat hath my beloved to do in mine house seeing she hath #rought le#dness?@ !ah#eh called thy name * green oli)e tree fair and of goodly fruit& #ith the noise of a great tumult he hath kindled fire upon it and the ranches of it are roken. 1or !ah#eh of hosts that planted thee hath pronounced evil against thee for the evil of the house of 3srael and of the house of ;udah?. 4 ;eremiah ((&(N7(G

$hen !ah#eh divorced the ten7tribed house of 3srael they #ere broken or cut off from their relationship #ith !ah#eh and conse9uently severed from the t#o7tribed house of ;udah. Much later the house of ;udah #as also broken off #hen !ah#eh divorced them as #ell *Matthe# /(&CB and Aomans ((0.

BC

Ro$ans 11&2.729
And they Othe house of ;udahP also if they abide not still in unbelief shall be graffed in& for -od is able to graff them in again. 1or if thou Othe house of 3sraelP #ert cut out of the olive tree #hich is #ild by nature Oafter being divorced by !ah#ehP and #ert graffed contrary to nature into a good olive tree& %o# much more shall these Othe house of ;udahP #hich be the natural branches be graffed into their o#n olive tree@ 1or % wo"ld not rethren that ye sho"ld e ignorant of this $ystery lest ye should be #ise in your o#n conceitsL that lindness in part is happened to %srael Othe house of ;udahP "ntil the f"lness of the nations Othe house of 3sraelP e co$e in. *nd so all %srael Oa remnant from all t#elve tribesP shall e sa)ed& as it is written There shall co$e o"t of Sion the <eli)erer and shall t"rn away "ngodliness fro$ Othe descendants ofP !aco & 7or this is $y co)enant "nto the$ when % shall take away their sins.

The Apostle Daul did not #ant the first7century Aoman Christians ignorant of the mystery concerning 3srael"s blindness. Many t#enty7first century Christians are still una#are that in this passage 3srael represents the house of ;udah and the gentiles represent the nations of the house of 3srael. 3t #as these gentiliHed 3sraelites from the house of 3srael #ho #ere the !oyi% that FHekiel prophesied #ould be reunited #ith their brethren of the house of ;udah. These are the t#o sticks of FHekiel BG #ho #ere and are being brought back to life 4 born again to be fruit7bearing branches in !ahshua the Christ. +All 3srael shall be saved, and +out of Sion the Deliverer, shall come to +turn a#ay ungodliness from ;acob, are the results of the house of ;udah"s eyes being opened and the return of the house of 3srael to their -od described in Aomans (( as the +fullness of the gentiles., 3t takes both groups coming together for +all 3srael, to be saved. This is the only interpretation that harmoniHes the statements that a remnant from the house of 3srael #ould be saved according to Aomans 8&/G and that also a remnant from the house of ;udah #ould be saved according to Aomans ((&5 and that all 3srael #ould be saved according to Aomans ((&/I. $hat appear to be conflicting statements cannot be reconciled if Daul"s discussion of the t#o olive branches is about a union of 3sraelites and non73sraelites. =nce it is understood that the natural or cultivated olive branch represents the house of ;udah and that the #ild olive branch represents the gentiliHed house of 3srael Aomans 8&/G ((&5 and ((&/I are relatively simple to reconcile. 3ndeed a remnant from all 3srael or both houses of 3srael has been and is being saved. Aather than being a contradiction of terms all three statements are harmonious and therefore factual. This agrees #ith t#o of ;eremiah"s prophecies&
At the same time saith 4ahweh will % e the God of all the families of Othe nation ofP Israel and they shall e $y people?. !ea 3 have loved thee #ith an everlasting love& therefore #ith lovingkindness have 3 dra#n thee. Again 3 #ill build thee and thou shalt be built = virgin of %srael?. Thou shalt yet plant vines upon the mountains of Sa$aria Ocapital of the house of 3sraelP?. 1or there shall be a day that the #atchmen upon the mount (phrai$ shall cry Arise ye and let us go up to =ion Oanother name for ;erusalem capital of the house of ;udahP unto !ah#eh our -od. 1or thus saith !ah#ehL Sing #ith gladness for ;acob and shout among the chief of the nations& publish ye praise ye and say & 4ahweh sa)e thy people) the remnant of Oall the families ofP Israel. 4 ;eremiah B(&(7G 3n those days and in that time saith !ah#eh the ini>"ity of %srael shall e so"ght for and there shall e noneL and the sins of !"dah and they shall not e fo"nd& for % will pardon the$ who$ % reser)e Oleave as a remnant NAS<P. 4 ;eremiah 5N&/N

As prophesied in ;eremiah B( 5N and as stated by Daul in Aomans (( !ah#eh is saving a remnant out of all the families of both houses of 3srael.

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3n ;eremiah B( the house of 3srael is e9uated #ith a flock of sheep #ho #as to be re7 gathered from its dispersion&
%ear the #ord of !ah#eh = ye nations and declare it in the isles afar off and say %e that scattered 3srael #ill gather him and keep him as a shepherd doth his flock. 4 ;eremiah B(&(N

The high priest Caiaphas confirmed that this re7gathering of the house of 3srael #as to be accomplished through the death of !ahshua&
?Caiaphas being the high priest that same year said unto them ? it is eEpedient for us that one man should die for the O;udahiteP people and that the #hole nation perish not. ? he prophesied that 4ahsh"a sho"ld die for that nation Othe house of ;udahPL and not for that nation only "t that also he sho"ld gather together in one the children of God Othe house of 3sraelP that were scattered a road. 4 ;ohn ((&C875/.

*;oseph .oggs .eales" depiction of t#o folds K Caption 2 T#o 1olds0 3sraelites are the only people identified in the .ible as sheep&
And he Othe Drophet MicaiahP said 3 sa# all 3srael scattered upon the hills as sheep that have not a shepherd?. 4 ( :ings //&(G 3srael is a scattered sheepL the lions have driven him a#ay& first the king of Assyria hath devoured himL and last this NebuchadreHHar king of .abylon hath broken his bones. 4 ;eremiah 5N&(G ?the house of 3srael are my people saith the >ord !ah#eh. And ye my flock the flock of my pasture?. 4 FHekiel BC&BN7B( .ut go rather to the lost sheep of the house of 3srael. 4 Matthe# (N&I .ut he ans#ered and said 3 O!ahshuaP am not sent but unto the lost sheep of the house of 3srael. 4 Matthe# (5&/C

.oth groups or flocks referred to by Caiaphas in ;ohn (( represent 3sraelites. This is demonstrated in Caiaphas" use of the term +the children of -od , #hich is nearly identical to the term Moses used in Deuteronomy (C&( to describe the nation of 3srael. Caiaphas" phrase +that #ere scattered abroad, specifies the second flock as descendants of the house of 3srael. 3n the follo#ing 9uotation Adam Clark used +;e#ish, #here he should have used +3sraelite., Nevertheless his comments on Caiaphas" prophecy are #orth noting especially because he related them to Aomans ((&
?he OCaiaphasP terms them here the children of -od #hich #as an ancient character of the ;e#ish people& see Deut. EEEii. 5L 3sa. Eliii. IL Elv. ((L ;er. EEEii. (. Taking his #ords in this sense then his meaning is this& that Christ #as to die not only for the then inhabitants of ;udea but for all the ;e#ish race #heresoever scatteredL and that the conse9uence #ould be that they should be all collected from their various dispersions and made one body. This comports #ith the predictions of St. Daul& Aom. Ei. (7B/.GG

Caiaphas" prophecy harmoniHes #ith !ahshua"s statement found one chapter earlier&

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3 am the good shepherd and kno# my sheep and am kno#n of mine. ?3 lay do#n my life for the sheep Oof the house of ;udahP. And other sheep Othe house of 3sraelP 3 have #hich are not of this fold& them also 3 must bring and they shall hear my voiceL and there shall be one fold and one shepherd. 4 ;ohn (N&(C7(I.

This #as to be in fulfillment of !ah#eh"s prophecy by Micah&

3 #ill surely assemble = ;acob all of theeL 3 #ill surely gather the re$nant Ofrom both housesP of %sraelL % will p"t the$ together as the sheep of Bo'rah as the flock in the $idst of their fold?. 4 Micah /&(/

3saiah FHekiel Micah and Qechariah prophesied that this reuniting #ould begin to occur at the time of the Ne# Covenant. ;eremiah prophesied that it #as the house of 3srael and the house of ;udah with who% !ah#eh #ould make %is Ne# Covenant&
.ehold the days come saith !ah#eh that 3 #ill so# the house of 3srael and the house of ;udah Oin their respective dispersionsP #ith the seed of man and #ith the seed of beast. And it shall come to pass that like as 3 have #atched over them to pluck up and to break do#n and to thro# do#n and to destroy and to afflictL so #ill 3 #atch over them to build and to plant saith !ah#eh?. .ehold the days co$e saith 4ahweh that % will $ake a new co)enant with the ho"se of %srael and with the ho"se of !"dah& Not according to the covenant that 3 made #ith their fathers in the day that 3 took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Fgypt?. .ut this shall e the co)enant that % will $ake with the ho"se of %sraelL after those days saith !ah#eh 3 #ill put my la# in their in#ard parts and #rite it in their heartsL and #ill be their -od and they shall be my people. ?for % will forgi)e their ini>"ity and % will re$e$ er their sin no $ore. 4 ;eremiah B(&/G7BC

According to this promise a remnant from both houses of the nation of 3srael have responded over the last t#o thousand years to the gospel call of their Messiah thereby embracing the Ne# Covenant religion of Christianity by #ay of !ahshua"s sacrifice.) *)The Ne# Covenant at any given time is only #ith those #ho have been called to !ah#eh through the death burial and resurrection of !ahshua the Christ. Therefore although a remnant is not mentioned in ;eremiah B(&/G7B/ and other similar passages it is apparent that #hen the sum of !ah#eh"s $ord on this issue is considered *Dsalm ((8&(IN NAS<0 that a remnant is nonetheless intended. Mark (I&(57(I Acts /&BI7C( //&(7(I Aomans I&B7C -alatians B&/I7/G and ( Deter B&/( should be studied #hen considering #hat our response should be to !ahshua"s gospel call.G60 After declaring that all 3srael #ould be saved Daul 9uoted 3saiah 58&/N7/( in part&
And the Aedeemer shall come to Qion and unto them that turn from transgression in ;acob saith !ah#eh. As for me this is my covenant #ith them Othe nation of 3sraelP saith !ah#ehL My spirit that is upon thee and my #ords #hich 3 have put in thy mouth shall not depart out of thy mouth nor out of the mouth of thy seed nor out of the mouth of thy seed"s seed saith !ah#eh from henceforth and for ever. 4 3saiah 58&/N7/(

The covenant to #hich !ah#eh #as referring #as the Ne# Covenant. 3saiah 58&/N prophesied about those #ho +turn from transgression in ;acob , or a remnant from all t#elve tribes of the nation of 3srael #ho #ould find salvation in !ahshua as their >ord and Savior. 3n Aomans C the Apostle Daul declared that the promise #as +to all the seed , providing a second Ne# Testament #itness that 3sraelites from both houses of the nation of 3srael #ould find salvation in !ahshua the Christ&

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Therefore it is of faith that it might be by graceL to the end the pro$ise $ight e s"re to all the seed Odescendants NAS<PL not to that only #hich is of the la# Othe house of ;udahP but to that also #hich is of the faith of Abraham Othe house of 3sraelPL #ho is the father of us all Othe entire nation of 3sraelP. 4 Aomans C&(I

Many people misinterpret the #ord +seed, in this passage as representing a spiritual 3srael consisting of both 3sraelites and non73sraelites alike #ho have come to !ahshua for salvation.) *)See AppendiE ( 4 Spiritual 3srael& =ut of All Nations or =ut of the Nation of 3srael@0 %o#ever Daul makes it clear that the seed to #hich he is referring in this passage is not a multi7racial spiritual 3srael but instead physical descendants of Abraham&
$hat shall #e say then that * raha$ o"r father as pertaining to the flesh )) *))The phrase +as pertaining to the flesh, in Aomans C&( is not found in the Ne# 3nternational <ersion. The translators" reason for omitting this phrase should be challenged because the phrase + ata\ !a/r a, is in the -reek teEt.0 hath found@... **s it is written % ha)e $ade thee a father of $any nations 0 before him #hom he believed even -od #ho 9uickeneth the dead and calleth those things #hich be not as though they #ere. Who against hope elie)ed in hope that he $ight eco$e the father of $any nationsL according to that which was spoken So shall thy seed Odescendants NAS<P be. 4 Aomans C&(7(6

This last phrase +"u#tw$ >e&!tai >to\ !pe/r$a >!ou , literally reads +So shall be the seed of thee., 3t #as Abraham"s physical seed #ho #ere to become many nations not many nations #ho #ere to become Abraham"s spiritual seed. 3n addition to Daul"s discussion concerning +all 3srael , he #rote in Aomans ((&/5 about +the fullness of the -entiles., 3n -enesis C6&(8 ;acob blessed Fphraim #ho represented the house of 3srael telling him that his descendants #ould become +a multitude of nations., ;ames Strong defines the %ebre# #ord +a%$=, *%elo0 translated multitude as fullness&
?melo" *mel7o"0 ? f"lness *literally or figuratively0.G8

The Concordant <ersion of -enesis C6&(8 like#ise translates %elo as fullness. The #ord +nations, in -enesis C6&(8 is translated from the #ord +!oyi%., Therefore ;acob"s promise to Fphraim could have been translated his seed shall become +a fullness of gentiles, 4 the eEact phrase found in Aomans ((&/5. Consider also ;ames Strong"s definition for the -reek #ord +plh/rw$a, *plero%a0 translated fullness in the :ing ;ames <ersion&
?pleroma *play"7ro7mah0L ? repletion or completion i.e. *subjectively0 #hat fills *as contents supplement copiousness $"ltit"de0 or *objectively0 #hat is filled *as container performance period0.6N

The -reek #ord +ethnos, #ould have been better translated nations. Therefore the phrase +the fulness of -entiles, in Aomans ((&/5 could have been translated +a multitude of nations , #hich is a part of the benediction and prophecy #ith #hich ;acob blessed ;oseph"s younger son Fphraim&
?his seed shall become a multitude of nations. 4 -enesis C6&(8

This translation is validated in the -reek Septuagint <ersion of -enesis C6&(8 #herein is found the same -reek phrase +plh/rw$a tw=n e)qnw=n, *ple:roo%a to;n ethno;n0 that #as used by Daul in Aomans ((&/5. Moreover in 1ranH DelitHsch"s %ebre# translation of the

B6

Ne# Testament and in -insburg7Salkinson"s %ebre# Ne# Testament Aomans ((&/5 is translated using the same %ebre# phrase +&a%$ '<y]oGh , *%<lo=4 ha!owyi%0 found in -enesis C6&(8 in the Masoretic teEt. All of this further corroborates that the nations referred to by Daul in Aomans 87(( are 3sraelites from the ten tribes #hom !ah#eh divorced and #ho lost their name and identity. Consider carefully the follo#ing testimony concerning the house of 3srael from the *peakers +o%%entary&
Fphraim #as to be cut off +from being a people, *3sa. G&60. 3t should lose the name and be scattered across the #orldL not ho#ever to perish but in accordance #ith that mysterious oracle -en. C6&(I7(8 to ? +become the (ullness of nations.,6(

Ro$ans 11&2:7.2
As concerning the gospel they Othe house of ;udahP are enemies for your Othe house of 3srael"sP sakes& but as touching the election they are beloved for the fathers" sakes. 7or the gifts and calling of God are witho"t repentance. 1or as ye Othe house of 3sraelP in times past have not believed -od yet have no# obtained mercy through their Othe house of ;udah"sP unbelief& Fven so have these Othe house of ;udahP also no# not believed that through your Othe house of 3srael"sP mercy they Othe house of ;udahP also may obtain mercy. 1or -od hath concluded them all Othe t#elve tribes of the nation of 3sraelP in unbelief that he might have mercy upon all.

The translators of the Ne# American Standard .ible rendered verse /8 +1or the gifts and the calling of -od are irrevocable., !ah#eh is fulfilling %is promises in the la# and the prophets not only to the house of ;udah but also to the house of 3srael. 3f Aomans (( is left to traditional interpretation 2 an interpretation not supported by the prophets 2 numerous prophecies and promises to both houses #ould be left unfulfilled. 1or eEample %enry Morris recogniHed that the Apostle Daul 9uoted the =ld Testament prophets numerous times in his epistle to the Aomans. And yet because he did not understand the biblical use of the -reek #ord +ethne , he mistakenly applied these prophecies about 3sraelites to non73sraelites&
?in the longest and most doctrinal of all his ODaul"sP epistles ? he actually 9uoted from the =ld Testament no less than siEty times even though the epistle had been specifically addressed to -entiles?.6/

Draise !ah#eh that %is gifts and calling are not left up to finite interpretations and that %e has proven true to %is promises concerning %is people 3srael.

Ro$ans 11&..7./
& the depth of the riches oth of the wisdo$ and knowledge of God ' +ow "nsearcha le are his #"dg$ents and his ways past finding o"t ' 7or who hath known the $ind of the 1ord@ =r #ho hath been his counsellor@ =r #ho hath first given to him and it shall be recompensed unto him again@ 1or of him and through him and to him are all things& to #hom be glory for ever. Amen.

As if Daul kne# that the mystery of the gentiles #ould not be solved by everyone he concluded this prophetically packed chapter of Aomans by lauding !ah#eh"s infinite understanding. 1rom the testimony of the prophets it should no# be apparent that the grafting of the #ild olive branches into the cultivated olive tree in Aomans (( is not a uniting of non73sraelites and 3sraelites. 3t is the reuniting of gentiliHed 3sraelites #ith ;udahite 3sraelites 4 the beginning of the fulfillment of FHekiel"s prophesied reunion of the t#o sticks representing the house of 3srael and

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the house of ;udah. FHekiel"s prophecy about the t#o dead sticks is fulfilled by the t#o living branches of Aomans ((.

Chapter : S"pporting Script"ral ()idence& (phesians 2

Many of the same mistakes commonly made #ith Aomans (( are committed #hen interpreting Fphesians /. This chapter is also about the reuniting of the t#o houses of 3srael and is correctly understood through the corroborating testimony of the prophets.

(phesians 2&17.
And yo" hath he >"ickened who were dead in trespasses and sins L #herein in time past ye #alked according to the course of this #orld according to the prince of the po#er of the air the spirit that no# #orketh in the children of disobedience& Among #hom also #e all had our conversation in times past in the lusts of our flesh fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mindL and #ere by nature the children of #rath even as others.

Contrary to the common belief that the Fphesians #ere non73sraelite gentiles some of the citiHens of Fphesus #ere 3sraelites #ho had been scattered abroad and to #hom ;ames #rote his epistle&
;ames a servant of -od and of the >ord !ahshua Christ to the t#elve tribes #hich are scattered abroad?. 4 ;ames (&(

The Fnglish #ord +scattered, in the phrase +the t#elve tribes ? scattered abroad, is translated from the -reek #ord +dia!pora, *diaspora0. Strong"s Concordance defines diaspora&
?diaspora ? dispersion i.e. *spec. and conc.0 the *converted0 %sr resident in Gentile co"ntries.6B

+Diaspora, is the -reek #ord used by the translators of the Septuagint =ld Testament in Deuteronomy /6&/5 BN&C Nehemiah (&6 and Dsalm (CG&/ for the dispersion of the =ld Testament 3sraelites. The Apostle Deter also #rote his first epistle to 3sraelites of this dispersion indicated by his use of the same -reek #ord +diaspora , also translated scattered in his salutation&
Deter an apostle of !ahshua Christ to the strangers scattered Odispersed abroad NAS<P throughout Dontus -alatia Cappadocia Asia and .ithynia elect according to the forekno#ledge of -od the 1ather through sanctification of the Spirit unto obedience and sprinkling of the blood of !ahshua Christ?. 4 ( Deter (&(7/

The -reek #ord +parepidh/$oi$, *parepide%os0 translated strangers conveys a similar idea&
?an alien alongside i.e. a resident foreigner.6C ?one #ho comes from a foreign country into a city or land to reside there by the side of the nativesL hence strangerL sojourning in a strange place a foreigner?.65

3n other #ords Deter #rote his first epistle to 3sraelite foreigners residing among the native residents of +Dontus -alatia Cappadocia Asia Oincluding the coastal city of FphesusP and .ithynia., 1lavius ;osephus the first7century ;e#ish historian and contemporary of the Apostle Deter verified the eEistence and location of the scattered tribes of the house of 3srael&

CN

?the ten tri es are eyond the ("phrates till now and are an immense multitude and not to be estimated by numbers.6I

The follo#ing map reveals that +beyond the Fuphrates, included the countries cited in Deter"s salutation. *3nclude map from *piritual &srael p. (I K Caption 2 As is in +Spiritual 3srael,0 ;osephus" statement should not surprise any serious student of the .ible because it describes the fulfillment of Ahijah"s prophecy concerning the house of 3srael&
1or !ah#eh #ill strike 3srael as a reed is shaken in the #aterL and +e will "proot %srael fro$ this good land which +e ga)e to their fathers and will scatter the$ eyond the ("phrates Ri)er because they have made their Asherim provoking !ah#eh to anger. 4 ( :ings (C&(5 NAS<

After making reference to the 9uotation from ;osephus the #ewish +hronicle May / (6G8 declared that the people of the house of 3srael must still eEist&
There has al#ays been ho#ever an un#illingness to admit that a fate #hich has befallen so many nations has overtaken the Ten Tribes. $hy should they have been less tenacious of life than their brethren of ;udah@ Nay the Scriptures speak of a future restoration of 3srael #hich is clearly to include both ;udah and Fphraim. The problem then is reduced to the simplest form. The Ten Tri es are certainly still in e,istence. *ll that has to e done is to disco)er which people represents the$.6G

*Dicture of Fphesus K Caption 2Fphesus0 Fphesus #as one of Asia Minor"s principle cities ) *)Fphesus #as +a large and important city on the #est coast of Asia Minor #here the apostle Daul founded a church., +Fphesus , Nelson"s Ne# 3llustrated .ible Dictionary *Nashville TN& Thomas Nelson Dublishers (8850 p. CNI.0 and according to the Drophet Ahijah the Apostle Deter and ;osephus Asia #as one of the locations to #hich the house of 3srael had been dispersed. The Apostle Daul #rote his Fphesian epistle to some of those same dispersed 3sraelites. This is principally deduced from the Fphesian epistle itself and the numerous =ld Testament prophecies concerning 3srael fulfilled therein. Consider ho# Daul addressed the Fphesians in chapter (&
Daul an apostle of !ahshua Christ by the #ill of -od to the saints #hich are at Fphesus and to the faithful in Christ !ahshua?. According as he O!ah#ehP hath chosen us in him O!ahshuaP before the foundation of the #orld that #e should be holy and #ithout blame before him in love& %aving predestinated us unto the adoption of children by !ahshua Christ to himself?. 3n #hom #e have rede$ption through his blood?. 4 Fphesians (&(7G

Daul identified himself and those to #hom he #as #riting in Fphesus as having been chosen before the foundation of the #orld and predestined unto the adoption of children. 3n his epistle to the Aomans Daul declared that the adoption belongs to 3sraelites&
1or 3 could #ish that myself #ere accursed from Christ for my brethren my kins$en according to the flesh& Who are %sraelitesL to who$ pertaineth the adoption?. 4 Aomans 8&B7C

Daul also spoke of redemption in Fphesians (&G. Aedemption implies buying something back. =ther nations could be bought but only the people of 3srael #ho had previously been the
C(

possession of !ah#eh *FEodus (8&5 Deuteronomy G&I (C&/ Dsalm (B5&C0 could be "ou!ht "ack. Therefore #hen the #ord +redemption , or some form thereof is used in the .ible in relation to a specific people no matter #hat %ebre# or -reek #ord it is translated from it is al#ays associated #ith the nation of 3srael&
>et 3srael hope in !ah#eh& for #ith !ah#eh there is mercy and #ith him is plenteous redemption. And he shall redeem 3srael from all his ini9uities. 4 Dsalm (BN&G76 And O!ah#ehP said unto me Thou art my servant = 3srael in #hom 3 #ill be glorified. ?to bring ;acob again to him?. Thus saith !ah#eh the Aedeemer of 3srael and his %oly =ne ? he shall choose thee?. And ? all flesh shall kno# that 3 !ah#eh am thy Saviour and thy Aedeemer the mighty =ne of ;acob. 4 3saiah C8&B7/I .ut #e Othe t#o disciples #ith !ahshua on the road to FmmausP trusted that it had been he O!ahshuaP #hich should have redeemed 3srael?. 4 >uke /C&/( ?the hundred and forty and four thousand Ofrom the t#elve tribes of 3sraelP #hich #ere redeemed from the earth?. These #ere redeemed from among men being the firstfruits unto -od and to the >amb. 4 Aevelation (C&B7C) *)See also ( Chronicles (G&/(7// Dsalm GG&(5 3saiah C(&(C CC&I 58&/N ;eremiah B(&(N7(( %osea (B&(/7(C Qechariah (N&G78 >uke (&I67GN and -alatians C&C75.0

!ah#eh is described the Aedeemer of 3srael never the Aedeemer of the Fgyptians or the Dhilistines or the Canaanites or any other nation. According to the la# of the kinsman redeemer only a brother or near relative could redeem a member of the family&
And if ? thy brother ? #aE poor and sell himself unto the stranger or sojourner by thee or to the stock of the stranger"s family& After that he is sold he may be redeemed againL one of his rethren may redeem him& Fither his uncle or his uncle"s son may redeem him or any that is nigh of kin "nto hi$ of his fa$ily $ay redee$ hi$ ?. 4 >eviticus /5&CG7C8

Aedemption belongs to the nation of 3srael just as adoption does. Therefore biblical eEegesis affirms that Daul #rote the Fphesian epistle to born7again 3sraelite foreigners residing in the city of Fphesus. 1urthermore Daul used language in Fphesians ( similar to that #hich Deter used in his first epistle to born again 3sraelites&
?#e have obtained an inheritance being predestinated according to the purpose of him #ho #orketh all things after the counsel of his o#n #ill& That we sho"ld e to the praise of his glory #ho first trusted in Christ. 4 Fphesians (&((7(/ .ut ye are a chosen generation a royal priesthood an holy nation a peculiar peopleL that ye sho"ld shew forth the praises of hi$ #ho hath called you out of darkness into his marvellous light. 4 ( Deter /&8

(phesians 2&-7;
.ut God who is rich in $ercy for his great lo)e wherewith he lo)ed "s e)en when we were dead in sins hath >"ickened "s together with Christ *by grace ye are savedL0 and hath raised us up together and made us sit together in heavenly places in Christ !ahshua& That in the ages to come he might she# the eEceeding riches of his grace in his kindness to#ard us through Christ !ahshua. 1or by grace are ye saved through faithL and that not of yourselves& it is the gift of -od& Not of #orks lest any man should boast.

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3n Fphesians /&5 Daul stated that !ah#eh 9uickened or made alive in Christ the t#o groups 4 ;udahites and Fphesian gentiles 4 #hom he #as #riting about in this epistle. This 9uickening #as in fulfillment of FHekiel BG&C7(C #here !ah#eh prophesied that the dry bones of both houses of 3srael #ould be imparted life by %is Spirit. Daul #rote to the Fphesians that !ah#eh #as rich in mercy to#ard them. 3t cannot be denied that !ah#eh chose one people in particular upon #hom to besto# %is mercy and love&
3 #ill mention the lovingkindnesses of !ah#eh ? the great goodness to#ard the house of 3srael #hich he hath besto#ed on them according to his mercies and according to the multitude of his lovingkindnesses. 1or he said Surely they are my people children that #ill not lie& so he #as their Saviour. 3n all their affliction he #as afflicted and the angel of his presence saved them& in his love and in his pity he redeemed themL and he bare them and carried them all the days of old. 4 3saiah IB&G78

Fven egalitarians are often heard declaring albeit mistakenly that today"s ;e#s are the Chosen Deople. !ah#eh has indeed designated a +chosen people , but those people are not today"s Fdomite and :haHar ;e#s. 3t #as instead the nation of 3srael #hom !ah#eh chose as the recipients of %is mercy even selecting her to be %is #ife. Moses attested to !ah#eh"s special relationship #ith the nation of 3srael&
1or thou art an holy people unto !ah#eh thy -od& !ah#eh thy -od hath chosen thee to be a special people unto himself above all people that are upon the face of the earth?. :no# therefore that !ah#eh thy -od he is -od the faithful -od #hich keepeth covenant and mercy #ith them that love him and keep his commandments to a thousand generations?. $herefore it shall come to pass if ye hearken to these judgments and keep and do them that !ah#eh thy -od shall keep unto thee the covenant and the mercy #hich he s#are unto thy fathers?. Thou shalt be blessed above all people. 4 Deuteronomy G&I7(C

%usbands are to love their #ives above other #omen and because !ah#eh chose the nation of 3srael to be %is #ife it should not come as a surprise that !ah#eh loved her above other nations. This special relationship #as not eEclusive to the =ld Covenant. Although certain aspects of the covenants differ the people #ith #hom !ah#eh made the covenants are the same. $ith the commencement of the Ne# Covenant this uni9ue marital relationship is being rene#ed #ith a remnant of 3sraelites from both houses #ho #ere and are being born again in !ahshua the Christ) *)The Ne# Covenant at any given time is only #ith those #ho have been called to !ah#eh through the death burial and resurrection of !ahshua the Christ. Although a remnant is not mentioned in %ebre#s 6&67(/ it is apparent #hen the sum of !ah#eh"s $ord on this issue is considered *Dsalm ((8&(IN NAS<0 a remnant is nonetheless intended.0&
1or finding fault #ith them Othe nation of 3srael under the Mosaic CovenantP he saith .ehold the days come saith !ah#eh #hen 3 #ill make a ne# covenant #ith the house of 3srael and #ith the house of ;udah?. 1or this is the covenant that 3 #ill make #ith the house of 3srael after those days saith !ah#ehL 3 #ill put my la#s into their mind and #rite them in their hearts& and 3 #ill be to them a -od and they shall be to me a people?. 1or 3 #ill be merciful to their unrighteousness and their sins and their ini9uities #ill 3 remember no more. 4 %ebre#s 6&67(/

The =ld and Ne# Covenants alike are covenants of marriage made #ith 3sraelites. This Ne# Covenant relationship is borne out by the Drophets 3saiah and FHekiel&

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And the Aedeemer shall come to Qion and unto them that turn from transgression in ;acob saith !ah#eh. As for me this is my covenant #ith them saith !ah#ehL My spirit that is upon thee and my #ords #hich 3 have put in thy mouth shall not depart out of thy mouth nor out of the mouth of thy seed nor out of the mouth of thy seed"s seed saith !ah#eh from henceforth and for ever. 4 3saiah 58&/N7/( Moreover 3 #ill make a covenant of peace #ith them Othe reunited 3sraelitesPL it shall be an everlasting covenant #ith them& and 3 #ill place them and multiply them and #ill set my sanctuary in the midst of them for evermore. My tabernacle also shall be #ith them& yea 3 #ill be their -od and they shall be my people. And the heathen shall kno# that 3 !ah#eh do sanctify 3srael #hen my sanctuary shall be in the midst of them for evermore. 4 FHekiel BG&/I7/6

3n verses C and 5 of Fphesians / Daul identified himself and the people to #hom he #as #riting as loved by !ah#eh +even #hen #e #ere dead in sins., This is nearly identical to #hat he #rote to the Aoman Christian 3sraelites&
.ut -od commendeth his love to#ard us in that #hile #e #ere yet sinners Christ died for us. 4 Aomans 5&6

Some people may 9uestion that Aomans could be 3sraelites. 3t is often overlooked that Daul a ;udahite identified himself as a Aoman&
And as they bound him #ith thongs Daul said unto the centurion that stood by 3s it la#ful for you to scourge a man that is a Aoman and uncondemned@ $hen the centurion heard that he #ent and told the chief captain saying Take heed #hat thou doest& for this man is a Aoman. Then the chief captain came and said unto him Tell me art thou a Aoman@ %e said !ea. And the chief captain ans#ered $ith a great sum obtained 3 this freedom. And Daul said .ut 3 #as free born. 4 Acts //&/57B6

Not all Aomans or all Fphesians #ere 3sraelites. %o#ever the first7century Aomans and Fphesians to #hom Daul #rote his epistles and #ho responded to the Ne# Covenant call of salvation #ere descended from the house of ;udah and the house of 3srael.

(phesians 2&10
1or #e are his #orkmanship created in Christ 4ahsh"a "nto good works which God hath efore ordained that we sho"ld walk in the$.

Daul #rote that the Fphesian Christians #ere created in !ahshua for good #orks. $hen !ahshua foretold the divorce of the house of ;udah in Matthe# /(&CB %e declared that the kingdom of -od #ould be taken from them and be +given to a nation bringing forth the fruits Oor good #orksP thereof., Today that +nation, is made up of a remnant of 3sraelites from both houses #ho have been called to salvation by !ahshua the Christ. They are the +elect according to the forekno#ledge of -od the 1ather through sanctification of the Spirit unto obedience and sprinkling of the blood of !ahshua Christ, *( Deter (&/0. The Apostle Deter identified these born7again 3sraelites as an ethnos or a nation #ho #ould proclaim !ah#eh"s eEcellencies 2 a people +created in Christ !ahshua unto good #orks,&
.ut ye are a chosen generation a royal priesthood an holy nation a peculiar peopleL that ye sho"ld shew forth the praises of hi$ #ho hath called you out of darkness into his marvellous light& $hich in time past #ere not a people but are no# the people of -od& #hich had not obtained mercy but no# have obtained mercy. 4 ( Deter /&87(N

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The first phrase is a 9uotation from FEodus (8&57I #here !ah#eh first proposed marriage to the nation of 3srael. The last t#o phrases are 9uotations from %osea (&8 and /&/B the same prophecies about the house of 3srael 9uoted by Daul in Aomans 8. These 9uotations and #hat is stated in ( Deter (&( prompted the authors of The Pulpit +o%%entary to admit that Deter #rote his first epistle to 3sraelites #ho had been dispersed among non73sraelite nations&
3n ( Det. ii. (N the same teEt from %osea is 9uoted as applying to those #ho #ere addressed in the Fpistle and then #ith more obvious applicabilityL for it appears to have been #ritten mainly at least to 3sraelites of the dispersion *see ch. i. (0.66

This commentary attempts to eEpand the application of ( Deter to also include non73sraelite gentiles by citing ( Deter (&(C and C&B. %o#ever everything in those verses can be applied to the house of 3srael after !ah#eh divorced and dispersed them. 3t is eEegetically incorrect to apply %osea"s prophecies and Deter"s first epistle to anyone other than 3sraelites of the dispersion. 3t is born7again 3sraelites #ho make up the ne# nation and #ho are also bringing forth the good #orks +before ordained that OtheyP should #alk in them., The phrase +before ordained, in Fphesians /&(N is translated from the -reek #ord +prohtoi/$a!en, *proeeto>%asen0. This is the same #ord that is translated +afore prepared, in Aomans 8&
And that he might make kno#n the riches of his glory on the )essels of $ercy which he had afore prepared "nto glory even us #hom he hath called not of the !"dahites Othe house of ;udahP only "t also of the Gentiles Onations of the house of 3sraelP@ As he saith also in =see O%oseaP 3 #ill call them Othe house of 3sraelP my people #hich #ere not my peopleL and her beloved #hich #as not beloved. And it shall come to pass that in the place #here it #as said unto them !e are not my peopleL there shall they be called the children of the living -od. 4 Aomans 8&/B7/I

(phesians 2&11
$herefore remember that ye Othe house of 3sraelP eing in ti$e past Gentiles in the flesh who are called ?ncirc"$cision y that which is called the Circ"$cision Othe house of ;udahP in the flesh made by hands.

.ecause Daul characteriHes the Fphesians as uncircumcised gentiles in contrast to the ;udahites #ho boasted of being the circumcised most Christians assume that the Fphesians must be non73sraelites. %o#ever bear in mind that !ah#eh divorced the house of 3srael because she no longer follo#ed %is la#s including the la# of circumcision. 3n ;oshua"s day before entering the Dromised >and the .ible identifies all t#elve tribes of 3srael as uncircumcised&
At that time !ah#eh said unto ;oshua Make thee sharp knives and circumcise again the children of 3srael the second time?. And this is the cause #hy ;oshua did circumcise& ? all the people that #ere born in the #ilderness by the #ay as they came forth out of Fgypt them they had not circumcised?. And their children #hom he raised up in their stead them ;oshua circumcised& for they were "ncirc"$cised because they had not circumcised them by the #ay. 4 ;oshua 5&/7G

Thus Daul"s use of the term +uncircumcision , by itself does not prove #hether he #as #riting to non73sraelites or 3sraelites.

(phesians 2&12

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That at that time ye Othe house of 3sraelP #ere #ithout Christ being aliens fro$ the co$$onwealth of %srael and strangers fro$ the co)enants of pro$ise ha)ing no hope and witho"t God in the world.

The phrase +aliens from the common#ealth of 3srael, describes the house of 3srael after !ah#eh divorced and banished her. ;ay D. -reen"s The &nterlinear Bi"le Alfred Marshall"s The &nterlinear Greek4En!lish New Testa%ent and The ?in!do% &nterlinear Translation o( the Greek *criptures all translate the -reek phrase + >a)phllotriw$e/noi >th=$ >politei/a$ >tou= )I!rah\l, *apeellotrioo%:noi te:s polite>as to9 &srae:l0 as +having been alienated from the citiHenry of 3srael., This description fits only 3sraelite nations because only they had once been citiHens of the common#ealth of 3srael. The Drophet Qechariah recorded that the common#ealth or brotherhood bet#een the houses of ;udah and 3srael #ould be broken&
Then 3 O!ah#ehP cut asunder mine other staff even .ands that 3 might break the brotherhood bet#een ;udah and 3srael. 4 Qechariah ((&(C

The phrase +strangers from the covenants of promise, also depicts the house of 3srael because that is precisely #hat they became #hen !ah#eh divorced them. The Mosaic Covenant #as a covenant of marriage bet#een !ah#eh and the nation of 3srael but after being divorced the house of 3srael could no longer lay claim to that covenant. Those 3sraelites became strangers to the covenants of promise and they fulfill Qechariah"s prophecy that !ah#eh #ould break covenant #ith the house of 3srael&
And 3 #ill feed the flock of slaughter even you = poor of the flock. And 3 took unto me t#o stavesL the one 3 called .eauty and the other 3 called .andsL and 3 fed the flock?. And % took $y staff e)en Bea"ty and c"t it as"nder that % $ight reak $y co)enant O#ith the house of 3sraelP #hich 3 had made #ith all the people. 4 Qechariah ((&G7(N

The t#o staffs .eauty and .ands represent the house of 3srael and the house of ;udah. The covenant #as first broken #ith Beauty the house of 3srael #hen Assyria took her captive in G// .C. *Dicture of %ouse of 3srael being taken captive 2 See Bi"le *tories K Caption 2 %ouse of 3srael being taken captive0 Fphesians /&(/ describes the gentiles as being +#ithout hope., 3n FHekiel"s prophecy concerning the dry bones !ah#eh proclaimed because the people of 3srael #ere #ithout their -od that they #ere also #ithout hope&
Then he O!ah#ehP said unto me Son of man these bones are the whole ho"se of %srael& behold they say =ur bones are dried and o"r hope is lost& we are c"t off for our parts. 4 FHekiel BG&((

;eremiah prophesied that !ah#eh #ould restore the hope of the house of 3srael indicating that for a period of time they #ould be #ithout hope&
Thus saith !ah#ehL Aefrain thy voice from #eeping and thine eyes from tears& for thy #ork shall be re#arded saith !ah#ehL and they shall come again from the land of the enemy. And there is hope in thine end saith !ah#eh that thy children shall come again to their o#n border. 3 have surely heard (phrai$ bemoaning himself thusL Thou hast chastised me ? turn thou me and 3 shall be turnedL for thou art my -od. Surely after that 3 #as turned 3 repentedL and after that 3 #as instructed?. 3s Fphraim my dear son@ 3s he a pleasant child@ ?3 #ill surely have mercy upon him saith !ah#eh. 4 ;eremiah B(&(I7 /N

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The Drophet ;oel testified that hope #ould be restored to the house of 3srael #hen it #as reunited #ith the house of ;udah&
1or behold in those days and in that time when % O!ah#ehP shall ring again OreverseP the capti)ity of !"dah and !er"sale$ % will also gather all nations Oamong #hom the house of 3srael had been dispersedP and #ill bring them do#n into the valley of ;ehoshaphat and will plead with the$ there for $y people and for $y heritage Othe house ofP %srael who$ they ha)e scattered a$ong the nations ? 4ahweh will e the hope of his people and the strength of the children of %srael. 4 ;oel B&(7(I

The Apostle Daul declared that this hope pertained to all t#elve tribes of 3srael&
And no# 3 stand and am judged for the hope of the promise made of -od unto our fathers& Jnto #hich promise o"r twel)e tri es instantly serving -od day and night hope to come?. 2 Acts /I&I7G

+$ithout -od in the #orld , the last phrase in Fphesians /&(/ is similar to the language %osea used #hen describing some of !ah#eh"s reasons for divorcing the house of 3srael&
Then said -od ?ye are not my people and % will not e yo"r God. 4 %osea (&8 %ear the #ord of !ah#eh ye children of 3srael& for !ah#eh hath a controversy #ith the inhabitants of the land because there is no truth nor mercy nor knowledge of God in the land. 4 %osea C&(

3t #as 3sraelites #ho #ere +#ithout -od, #hen !ah#eh divorced them and thereby they became +aliens from the common#ealth of 3srael, and +strangers from the covenants of promise., Through the death burial and resurrection of !ahshua the Christ !ah#eh made it possible for people from both houses of 3srael to be reunited #ith %im and #ith each other. After all it #as #ith these people #hom the promise had been made&
3 have found David the son of ;esse a man after mine o#n heart #hich shall fulfill all my #ill. =f this man"s seed hath God according to his pro$ise raised "nto %srael a Sa)io"r 4ahsh"a& $hen ;ohn had first preached before his coming the baptism of repentance to all the people of 3srael. 4 Acts (B&//7/C

(phesians 2&1.
.ut no# in Christ !ahshua ye Onations of the house of 3sraelP who so$eti$es Oformerly NAS<P were far off are made nigh by the blood of Christ.

The phrase +ye #ho sometimes #ere far off, might appear at first to describe non73sraelite gentiles. %o#ever +far off, is precisely #here !ah#eh eEiled the nations of the house of 3srael after divorcing them and from #here %e also promised to save them&
.ut no# thus saith !ah#eh that created thee = !aco ? & %srael 1ear not& for 3 have redeemed thee 3 have called thee by thy nameL thou art mine?. 1or 3 am !ah#eh thy -od the %oly =ne of 3srael thy Saviour?. 1ear not& for 3 am #ith thee& 3 #ill bring thy seed from the east and gather thee from the #estL 3 #ill say to the north -ive upL and to the south :eep not back& ring $y sons fro$ far and $y da"ghters fro$ the ends of the earth. 4 3saiah CB&(7I

CG

Thus saith !ah#eh the Aedeemer of %srael?. 3n an acceptable time have 3 heard thee and in a day of salvation have 3 helped thee& and 3 #ill preserve thee and give thee for a covenant of the people ? for he that hath mercy on them shall lead them?. .ehold these shall co$e fro$ far& and lo these from the north and from the #estL and these from the land of Sinim.) *)+Sinim OS3% nemP 4 a land from #hich the scattered 3sraelites #ere to be gathered according to the prophet 3saiah *3s. C8&(/0. 3t refers to Syene present7day As#an in southern Fgypt., +Sinim , Nelson"s Ne# 3llustrated .ible Dictionary *Nashville TN& Thomas Nelson Dublishers (86I0 p. ((6C.00 4 3saiah C8&G7(/ 1or lo the days come saith !ah#eh that 3 #ill bring again the captivity of my people 3srael and ;udah?. .ut they shall serve !ah#eh their -od and Othe greaterP David their king #hom 3 #ill raise up unto them. Therefore fear thou not = my servant ;acob saith !ah#ehL neither be dismayed = %srael& for lo % will sa)e thee fro$ afar?. ;eremiah BN&B7(N = >ord righteousness belongeth unto thee but unto us confusion of faces as at this dayL to the men of ;udah and to the inhabitants of ;erusalem and unto all 3srael that are near Othe house of ;udahP and that are far off Othe house of 3sraelP through all the countries #hither thou hast driven them because of their trespass that they have trespassed against thee. 4 Daniel 8&G And the #ord of !ah#eh came unto me saying Take of them Oof the house of ;udahP of the captivity ? #hich are come from .abylon?. And speak unto him Othe high priest ;oshuaP saying Thus speaketh !ah#eh of hosts saying .ehold the man #hose name is The .AANC% ? he shall build the temple of !ah#eh ? and he shall be a priest upon his throne& and the counsel of peace shall be bet#een them Othe house of ;udah and the house of 3sraelP both? And they Othe house of 3sraelP that are far off shall co$e and "ild in the te$ple of 4ahweh?. And this shall come to pass if ye #ill diligently obey the voice of !ah#eh your -od. 4 Qechariah I&87(5

3n this last prophecy Qechariah prophesied that the .ranch a prophetic appellation for !ahshua #ould bring peace bet#een the houses of ;udah and 3srael. This began to be fulfilled follo#ing !ahshua"s death burial and resurrection as described in Fphesians /.

(phesians 2&1-715
1or he O!ahshuaP is our peace who hath $ade oth Othe house of ;udah and the house of 3sraelP one and hath roken down the $iddle wall of partition etween "s L having abolished in his flesh the en$ity e)en the law of co$$and$ents contained in ordinancesL for to $ake in hi$self of twain one new $an so making peace.

Daul"s description of !ahshua and #hat he accomplished fulfills Micah"s and Qechariah"s prophecies concerning the reunion of the house of ;udah #ith the house of 3srael&
.ut thou .ethlehem Fphratah ? little among the thousands of !"dah yet o"t of thee shall he O!ahshuaP co$e forth "nto $e that is to e r"ler in %srael?. Therefore #ill he O!ah#ehP give them Othe house of 3sraelP up until the time that she OMary the mother of !ahshuaP #hich travaileth hath brought forth& then the re$nant of his rethren Oof the house of ;udahP shall ret"rn "nto the children of Othe house ofP %srael. And he shall stand and feed in the strength of !ah#eh in the majesty of the name of !ah#eh his -od?. And this man shall be the peace?. And the remnant of ;acob shall be among the -entiles in the midst of many people. 4 Micah 5&/76 Aejoice greatly = daughter of QionL shout = daughter of ;erusalem& behold thy :ing cometh unto thee& he is just and having salvationL lo#ly and riding upon an ass and

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upon a colt the foal of an ass. And % O!ah#ehP will c"t off the chariot fro$ (phrai$ and the horse fro$ !er"sale$ and the attle ow shall e c"t off& and he O!ahshuaP shall speak peace unto the heathen O!oyi% or nationsP?. 4 Qechariah 8&87(N

Fphesians /&(C7(5 records the fulfillment of the same =ld Testament prophecies concerning the reunion of the house of 3srael and the house of ;udah that #ere fulfilled by Aomans 8 and ((. 3saiah ;eremiah FHekiel Daniel %osea ;oel Micah and Qechariah prophesied that the t#o houses #ould again become one and there #ould once more be peace. There are no =ld Testament prophecies describing such an event bet#een 3sraelites and non73sraelites. Therefore the #ord +ethne, in Fphesians / refers to 3sraelite rather than to non73sraelite nations. The #ord +partition, in the phrase +hath broken do#n the middle #all of partition bet#een us, in Fphesians /&(C is translated from the -reek #ord +(rag$ou, *phra!%os0. Phra!%os is usually translated hedge in the Ne# Testament. $hen !ah#eh divorced the house of 3srael %e declared that he #ould both hedge up and #all off the house of 3srael&
Therefore behold % will hedge "p thy way with thorns and $ake a wall that she shall not find her paths. 4 %osea /&I

Daul identified the #all of partition as the +la# of commandments contained in ordinances., 3t #as these commandments broken by the house of 3srael #hich eventuated in her divorce. 3n / Chronicles (5&B the Drophet AHariah not only declared that the house of 3srael #as +#ithout -od, but also that she #as +#ithout la#., Therefore +the la# of commandments contained in ordinances, #ould have indeed been a +middle #all of partition, bet#een the houses of ;udah and 3srael. The Samaritan #oman in ;ohn C #ho indicated that she #as a descendant of ;acob through the house of 3srael *verse (/0 ackno#ledged this #all of separation #hen she 9uestioned !ahshua concerning %is kindness to#ard her&
Then saith the #oman of Samaria unto him %o# is it that thou being a ;udahite askest drink of me #hich am a #oman of Samaria@ 1or the ;udahites have no dealings #ith the Samaritans. 4 ;ohn C&8

*Dore"s Dicture of !ahshua U the Samaritan $oman Caption 2 Same as Jnder Dicture 2 Change ;esus to !ahshua and ;e# and ;e#s to ;udahite and ;udahites0 3saiah"s depiction of !ahshua mending the division bet#een the houses of ;udah and 3srael fits Daul"s description in Fphesians / of this same restoration&
And in that day there shall be a root of ;esse #hich shall stand for an ensign of the people Oof the house of ;udahPL to it shall the -entiles OnationsP seek?. And it shall come to pass in that day that the >ord shall set his hand again the second time to recover the remnant of his people?. And he shall set up an ensign for the nations and shall assemble the outcasts of 3srael and gather together the dispersed of ;udah from the four corners of the earth. The envy also of Fphraim shall depart and the adversaries of ;udah shall be cut off& Fphraim shall not envy ;udah and ;udah shall not veE Fphraim. 4 3saiah ((&(N7(B

3n fulfillment of doHens of =ld Testament prophecies the #all of partition is broken do#n a little more each time a ;udahite or an 3sraelite finds salvation in !ahshua the Christ.

(phesians 2&1/

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And that he O!ahshuaP $ight reconcile having slain the enmity thereby.

oth "nto God in one

ody

y the cross

;oseph Thayer pointed out that the -reek #ord +a)po atalla/)h*, *apokatall@1ee0 can be rendered +to reconcile back again bring back to a former state of harmony., 68 This cannot refer to a reconciliation bet#een those #ho #ere never in a prior state of harmony. The implication of this phrase fits only ;udah and 3srael #ho lost their harmonious relationship #hen the united kingdom #as divided and the house of 3srael #as divorce and dispersed abroad among non73sraelite nations. 3saiah prophesied that both houses of 3srael #ould be reconciled to !ah#eh and therefore each other&
And no# says !ah#eh #ho formed me O!ahshuaP from the #omb to be %is servant to ring !aco ack to +i$ in order that 3srael might be gathered to %im ? to restore the preserved ones of 3srael?. 4 3saiah C8&57I NAS<

To apply Daul"s statements regarding the ethne in Fphesians / to non73sraelite nations forces the Scriptures to say something they #ere never meant to say and to leave unfilled many =ld Testament prophecies.

(phesians 2&1971:
And O!ahshuaP came and preached peace to yo" which were afar off Othe dispersed house of 3sraelP and to the$ that were nigh Othe house of ;udahP. 1or through him #e both have access by one Spirit unto the 1ather.

Fphesians /&(G is a 9uotation from one of 3saiah"s prophecies&

?he that putteth his trust in me ? shall say Cast ye up cast ye up prepare the #ay take up the stumblingblock out of the #ay of $y people?. 1or 3 #ill not contend for ever neither #ill 3 be al#ays #roth?. 3 have seen his #ays and #ill heal him& 3 #ill lead him also and restore comforts unto him?. 3 create the fruit of the lipsL 6eace peace to hi$ that is far off Othe house of 3sraelP and to hi$ that is near Othe house of ;udahP saith !ah#ehL and 3 #ill heal him. 4 3saiah 5G&(B7(8

This prophecy is about the nation of 3srael and can be applied only to 3sraelites.

(phesians 2&1;
No# therefore ye are no $ore strangers and foreigners but fello#citiHens #ith the saints and of the household of -od.

The #ord +strangers, refers back to verse (/ and the phrase +strangers from the covenants., $hen !ahshua reconciled the t#o groups by the blood of the Ne# Covenant the Fphesian gentiles #ho became Christians #ere no longer strangers from !ah#eh"s covenants of promise. This can only refer to Christian 3sraelites because !ah#eh made %is covenants #ith the people of 3srael *Aomans 8&B7C0. ;eremiah prophesied that !ah#eh #as going to make the Ne# Covenant #ith the house of 3srael and the house of ;udah&
.ehold the days co$e saith 4ahweh that % will $ake a new co)enant with the ho"se of %srael and with the ho"se of !"dah& Not according to the covenant that 3 made #ith their fathers in the day that 3 took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of FgyptL #hich my covenant they brake although 3 #as an husband unto them saith !ah#eh. 4 ;eremiah B(&B(7B/

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There are no prophecies declaring that !ah#eh #ould make %is Ne# Covenant #ith both 3sraelites and non73sraelites. This is not to say ho#ever that non73sraelites cannot share in some of the Ne# Covenant benefits by #ay of !ahshua the Christ and %is blood7atoning sacrifice just as non73sraelites did under the =ld Covenant.) *)See AppendiE / 4 !ah#eh"s Dlan for .elieving Non73sraelites.0

(phesians 2&20722
And are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets 4ahsh"a Christ hi$self eing the chief corner stoneL in who$ all the "ilding fitly fra$ed together groweth "nto an holy te$ple in the 1ord& 3n #hom ye also are builded together for an habitation of -od through the Spirit.

The term +cornerstone, comes from a prophecy in 3saiah /6 about the nations from the house of 3srael and the house of ;udah&
The cro#n of pride the drunkards of Fphraim Othe house of 3sraelP shall be trodden under feet?. 3n that day shall !ah#eh of hosts be for a cro#n of glory and for a diadem of beauty unto the residue Oremnant NAS<P of his people Ofrom both houses of the nation of 3sraelP?. $herefore hear the #ord of !ah#eh ye scornful men that rule this people Oof the house of ;udahP #hich is in ;erusalem?. Therefore thus saith the >ord !ah#eh .ehold 3 lay in Qion for a foundation a stone a tried stone a precio"s corner stone a sure foundation& he that believeth shall not make haste?. And your covenant #ith death shall be disannulled and your agreement #ith hell shall not stand?. 4 3saiah /6&B7(6

Deter also 9uoted this prophecy in ( Deter /&I #hen he #rote to Christian 3sraelites from the scattered nations of 3srael living in foreign countries. The claim in Fphesians /&/( that !ahshua the ;udahites and the gentiles #ould build a holy temple in the >ord fulfills Qechariah"s prophecy that !ahshua the .ranch #ould bring peace bet#een the houses of ;udah and 3srael&
?Thus speaketh !ah#eh of hosts saying .ehold the man #hose name is The BR*2C+ ? shall "ild the te$ple of 4ahweh& ? the co"nsel of peace shall e etween the$ oth Othe house of ;udah and the house of 3sraelP?. And they Othe house of 3sraelP that are far off shall co$e and "ild in the te$ple of 4ahweh and ye shall kno# that !ah#eh of hosts hath sent me unto you. And this shall come to pass if ye #ill diligently obey the voice of !ah#eh your -od. 4 Qechariah I&(/7(5

3n ( Corinthians I&(8 and / Corinthians I&(I the Apostle Daul described the temple of -od as being composed of Christians in #hom d#ells the %oly Spirit. This Ne# Covenant temple fits #ith the prophecies about a remnant of 3sraelites from both houses #hom !ahshua #ould call to become the Ne# Covenant temple of !ah#eh 4 a temple not built by human hands. A part of the mystery of Christ that Daul referred to in Fphesians B is that the gentiles 4 the divorced nations of the house of 3srael 4 #ould become one body #ith the house of ;udah&
1or this cause 3 Daul the prisoner of !ahshua Christ for you -entiles?. %o# that by revelation he made kno#n unto me ? the $ystery of Christ ? that the Gentiles sho"ld e fellowheirs and of the sa$e ody and partakers of his promise in Christ by the gospel. 4 Fphesians B&(7I

The =ld Testament prophets establish that Fphesians / concerns the reunion of the house of 3srael #ith the house of ;udah. Daul"s summation in Fphesians /&/N includes the phrase +built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets., According to the prophets and apostles the house of ;udah #as to be
5(

reconciled #ith the nations of the house of 3srael. The =ld Testament prophets ne,er prophesied that ;udah #ould be united #ith non73sraelites. Therefore the teEtual evidence supports the conclusion that the gentiles in Fphesians / are 3sraelites.

Chapter ; Today"s Gentile %sraelites

Script"ral Testi$ony
The people most likely to read this book are in all probability the main characters in this biblical mystery. %o#ever because the gentiles in the .ible are usually misidentified it is inevitable that today"s descendants of those same gentiles are also misidentified. 3n other #ords yesterday"s muddy #aters have become today"s muddy #aters. =n the other hand if a person correctly identifies the gentiles in the .ible it is relatively simple to identify their descendants. Certain gentiles in the .ible have been identified as 3sraelites #hich means that the descendants of those same peoples must be 3sraelites as #ell. More to the point people of Celtic -ermanic Scandinavian and Anglo7SaEon descent have al#ays considered themselves to be the descendants of the biblical gentiles. The evidence reveals that these gentiles are the scattered peoples of the house of 3sraelL therefore today"s Celto7SaEons and related peoples must be 3sraelites. Fither the Celto7SaEon peoples comprise 3srael or !ah#eh has not been true to %is $ord. !ah#eh vo#ed that %e #ould have a relationship #ith the 3sraelites forever&
?thou hast confirmed to thyself thy people 3srael to be a people unto thee for ever& and thou !ah#eh art become their -od. 4 / Samuel G&/C

This relationship under the Ne# Covenant #as prophesied to be #ith both houses of 3srael&
.ehold the days come saith !ah#eh that 3 #ill make a ne# covenant #ith the house of 3srael and #ith the house of ;udah& Not according to the covenant that 3 made #ith their fathers in the day that 3 took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Fgypt?. Thus saith !ah#eh #hich giveth the sun for a light by day and the ordinances of the moon and of the stars for a light by night #hich divideth the sea #hen the #aves thereof roar?. 3f those ordinances depart from before me saith !ah#eh then the seed of 3srael also shall cease from being a nation before me for ever. Thus saith !ah#ehL 3f heaven above can be measured and the foundations of the earth searched out beneath 3 #ill also cast off all the seed of 3srael for all that they have done?. 4 ;eremiah B(&B(7BG

The sun continues to rule by day and the moon by night. The heavens have yet to be fully measured and the earth completely searched out beneath. 3n Droverbs /5&B :ing Solomon informs us that the heaven for height and the earth for depth are in fact unsearchable. The follo#ing t#o commentaries recogniHed !ah#eh"s enduring relationship #ith the 3sraelites&
3n order to give good security that the promise of a ne# covenant #ould be fulfilled the >ord in O;eremiah B(P v. B5 f. points to the everlasting duration of the arrangements of nature and declares that if this order of nature #ere to cease then 3srael also #ould cease to be a people before %imL i.e. the continuance of 3srael as the people of -od shall be like the la#s of nature.8N To underscore 3srael"s permanence because of this Ne# Covenant -od compared her eEistence to that of the heavens and the earth. As -od had appointed the sun to shine by day and the moon and stars to shine by night *cf. -en (&(C7(80 so %e had appointed 3srael as %is chosen nation. 3t #ould take a feat as fabulous as making these natural

5/

decrees vanish from nature to make 3srael ... cease to be a nation. The po#er -od displayed in creating the universe #as the po#er that %e eEercises in preserving 3srael as a nation?. The Ne# Covenant #as made #ith 3srael *;er B(&B( BB0 just as the Mosaic Covenant had been *v. B/0. =ne key element of the Ne# Covenant is the preservation of 3srael as a nation *vv. B57BG0?. 3n addition to a ne# beginning -od promised to make a Ne# Covenant #ith %is people. This Ne# Covenant #as eEpressly for the house of 3srael *the Northern :ingdom0 and the house of ;udah *the Southern :ingdom0.8(

;amieson 1ausset and .ro#n attempted to eEpand the application of ;eremiah B( to include non73sraelite gentiles by misapplying Aomans ((. Nevertheless they agreed that the Ne# Covenant #as made #ith 3srael and ;udah&
The ne# covenant is made #ith literal 3srael and ;udah not #ith the spiritual 3srael i.e. believers eEcept secondarily and as grafted on the stock of 3srael *Aom ((&(I7/G0. 1or the #hole subject of ;er BN and B( is the restoration of the %ebre#s *;er BN&C G (N (6L B(&G (N7(( /B7/C /G BI0.8/

!ah#eh is al#ays true to %is $ord. ;ust as %e promised %e has made the Ne# Covenant #ith 3sraelites. Take a globe and dra# circles around the land masses in #hich true Christianity has flourished for the last t#o millennia and you #ill find that your circles encompass those nations primarily composed of Celtic -ermanic Scandinavian Anglo7SaEon and kindred peoples. =ver the last t#o thousand years it has been predominantly Celto7SaEons #ho have embraced Ne# Covenant Christianity and #ho have been the most responsive to !ahshua"s call to salvation. =ther nations #ould be oblivious to Christianity had it not been for the Celto7SaEons" proliferation of the gospel message. 3t is another little7kno#n biblical fact that the Assyrians took captive the majority of the ;udahites along #ith the house of 3srael and that they too #ere subse9uently dispersed among the nations&
And it came to pass in the fourth year of king %eHekiah Oof the house of ;udahP ? that Shalmaneser king of Assyria came up against Samaria Ocapital of the house of 3sraelP and besieged it. And at the end of three years ? Samaria #as taken. And the king of Assyria did carry a#ay 3srael unto Assyria and put them in %alah and in %abor by the river of -oHan and in the cities of the Medes?. No# in the fo"rteenth year of king +e'ekiah did Sennacheri king of *ssyria co$e "p against all the fenced cities of !"dah and took the$. 4 / :ings (6&87(B

3t is important to note that the majority of the ;udahites #ere taken captive by the Assyrians not by the .abylonians. ApproEimately one hundred and forty years later the remaining ;udahites #ere taken captive by the .abylonians. They #ere described by :ing %eHekiah in / :ings (8&C as +the remnant that are left., 3t #as this remnant of ;udahites and their descendants #ho #ere preserved to set the stage in the %oly >and for the coming of !ahshua the Messiah. ;ames addressed his epistle to all t#elve tribes scattered in the same general area thus verifying the dispersion of ;udah #ith 3srael. Conse9uently some of today"s gentiles are descended not only from the house of 3srael but also from the house of ;udah. Armed #ith this information it should come as no surprise that the majority of today"s ;e#s #ho admit in their encyclopedias almanacs and other literature that they are not genetic descendants of either the house of 3srael or the house of ;udah do not fit the biblical marks of the nation of 3srael. 3n fact today"s ;e#s often epitomiHe the antithesis of those marks. 1or eEample !ah#eh promised that one tribe of Abraham"s offspring through ;acob 3srael #ould become +a great nation , and another tribe #ould become +a company of nations., Today"s

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;e#s do not fulfill these prophecies. During the past / (NN years they have been neither a great nation nor a multitude of nations. %o#ever these t#o biblical marks along #ith every other biblical mark of 3srael fit the Celtic -ermanic Scandinavian Anglo7SaEon and kindred nations& *Dicture of Abraham looking to the stars K Caption 2 Abraham"s Descendants to be as Numerous as the Stars0 3srael #as to become a vast multitude of people *-enesis (B&(IL (5&5L //&(GL /C&INL /I&C /CL /6&B (CL B/&(/L C6&(C7(IL 3saiah C8&(87/N0. 3srael #as to become a great and mighty nation *-enesis (/&(7BL (6&(6L Deuteronomy C&G76L /I&(80. 3srael #as to become a multitude of nations *-enesis (G&C7I (57(IL /I&/CL B5&(N7 ((L C6&(80. 3srael #as to rule over other nations *Deuteronomy (5&IL /6&(B0. 3srael #as to be feared by all nations *Deuteronomy /&/5L BB&/8L ;eremiah BB&6780. 3srael #as to be a blessing to all nations *-enesis (/&/7BL (6&(6L //&(6L /6&(C0. 3srael #as to be gathered from remote countries coasts and islands *3saiah C8&(7BL 5(&C75L ;eremiah B(&G7(N0. 3srael #as to coloniHe and spread abroad *-enesis /6&(CL Deuteronomy BB&(GL Dsalm /&6L 3saiah /I&(5L /G&IL C8&(87/NL 5C&/7BL Qechariah (N&6780. 3srael #as to find native inhabitants diminishing before her *Deuteronomy /6&(7(BL BB&(GL 3saiah IN&(/0. 3srael #as to have a ne# home */ Samuel G&(NL ( Chronicles (G&8L Dsalm /&6L 3saiah C8&(87/NL FHekiel ((&(5L BC&(B /80. 3srael"s ne# land #as to have great agricultural #ealth *-enesis /G&/6L Deuteronomy /6&67((L BB&(B7(I /60. 3srael #as to have a ne# religion and #as to be saved by !ah#eh *Deuteronomy BB&/8L 3saiah CB&(7BL C5&(GL C8&/57/IL 58&/NL ;eremiah B(&G B(7BGL 5N&/NL FHekiel BC&((7(IL BG&/I7/6L Micah G&(C7/NL Matthe# (&(/L /&IL (N&57GL (5&/CL >uke (I&GGL Acts 5&B(L (B&/B7/CL Aomans 8&C /GL ((&/IL %ebre#s 6&G780. 3srael #as to recogniHe !ah#eh as her -od *;eremiah B(&B(7BCL FHekiel BG&(I7/BL %ebre#s 6&67((0. 3srael #as to recogniHe !ahshua as her Savior *Dsalm GC&(7/L 3saiah 5B&IL ;eremiah B(&(N7((L 5N&I7(GL FHekiel BC&((7(I /B7/C BN7B(L Micah G&(C7(5L Matthe# (N&IL (5&/CL ;ohn (N&(( /GL ( Deter (&(L /&/50.

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 3srael #as to possess !ah#eh"s %oly Spirit *3saiah CC&(7BL 58&/N7/(L FHekiel BG&((7 (CL %aggai /&5L Acts /&BI7B80. 3srael #as to have a ne# heart and spirit and be born ane# *Deuteronomy BN&IL FHekiel ((&(87/NL BI&/C7/G0. 3srael #as to be given !ah#eh"s la#s commandments statutes and judgments *Deuteronomy /6&C57CIL BB&CL Dsalm G6&57GL (CG&(87/NL 3saiah 58&/(L ;eremiah B(&B(7BBL FHekiel ((&(87/NL BI&/57/GL Aomans 8&B7CL %ebre#s 6&67(NL (N&(I0. 3srael #as to have an inner a#areness of biblical morality *%ebre#s 6&67(N0. These marks do not fit today"s ;e#s. 3t is true that some of these biblical characteristics fit other nations but as an aggregate they fit only the Celto7SaEon and kindred nations.) *)Gods +o,enant PeopleA Yesterday) Today and 8ore,er by Ted A. $eiland provides a documented dissertation identifying 3srael #ith today"s Celtic -ermanic Scandinavian Anglo7SaEon and kindred peoples. =ver BN biblical characteristics of the people of 3srael are provided #hereby the Celto7SaEons are contrasted #ith today"s ;e#s.8B0

!ewish Testi$ony
Many ;e#s recogniHe that they are neither 3sraelites nor even ;udahites and some ackno#ledge #ho true 3srael is today&
Moses G"i ory (8CB ?the daughters of the ten tribes of 3srael *Anglo7SaEon female missionaries0?.8C *lfred 1ilienthal (85B %ere"s a paradoE a paradoE a most ingenious paradoE& an anthropological fact many Christians may have much more %ebre#73sraelite blood in their veins than most of their ;e#ish neighbors.85 +arry Golden (8IG 3saiah the prophet #rote that the remnant of !ah#eh"s people #ould be found in the +isles of the sea., 3sn"t it reasonable this remnant may be the people of the .ritish 3sles@ ?As they Othe ten tribes of the house of 3sraelP made their #ay across Furope they left indelible evidence of their journey?. These #ere the fello#s #ho emigrated to the neEt island and came to call themselves Scotsmen?.8I *lfred 1ilienthal (865 Many Omodern7day ;e#sP of #hom have clamored to go back Oto DalestineP never had antecedents in that part of the #orld. Many #ho do not #ant to go back have had a better claim. O-reat .ritain"sP Rueen <ictoria herself belonged to an 3sraelite society that traced its membership back to the Ten >ost Tribes of 3srael.8G (d 8och (86G The (N lost tribes of 3srael #e believe ended up in 3reland.86

*Ne#s#eek Dicture #ith $ording Jnderneath as 1ound on Dage BCG in -CD0

4air <a)idy (88C

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?most of the ancient 3sraelites assimilated to foreign cultures and forgot their origins. 3n the course of time they reached the .ritish 3sles and north7#est Furope #hence related nations *such as the J.S.A.0 #ere founded.88 ?most of the ancient 3sraelites #ere eEiled and lost their identity ? their descendants are to be found mainly amongst the +-entile, peoples of North America North#est Furope Australasia and South Africa?. These claims are not far7fetched. They are supported by .iblical %istorical and other evidence much of #hich is in effect even recogniHed by the academic #orld #hich simply has not sufficiently co7related the information in its possession and not dra#n the necessary conclusions from the proof it already ackno#ledges.(NN The 3sraelites #ere transported en masse firstly mainly to areas in northern Mesopotamia and to %ara and from those regions they later moved north#ard into +Scythia, ? #hence they migrated in several #aves to the eEtreme north and #est of Furope from #hich their descendants settled North America Australasia and South Africa.(N(

*rchaeological Testi$ony
The Assyrian cuneiform tablets reveal that the Assyrians called the 3sraelites ?hu%ri.(N/ The .abylonians called the 3sraelites Gi%irri and the Dersians called them *aka. -eorge Aa#linson *(6(/7(8N/0 Fnglish historian and translator of the 'istory o( 'erodotus confirmed the genetic affinity of these people and linked the ?hu%ri the Gi%irri the +i%%erians and the *acae or *cythians *the progenitors of the SaEons0 #ith the ten tribes of 3srael&
The Sacae or Scythians #ho #ere termed -imirri by their Semitic neighbours first appear in the cuneiform inscriptions as a substantive people under Othe Assyrian :ingP Fsar7%addon Oson of SennacheribP in about I6C .C.(NB $e have reasonable grounds for regarding the -imirri or Cimmerians #ho first appeared on the confines of Assyria and Media in the seventh century .C and the Sacae of the .ehistun Aock nearly t#o centuries later as identical #ith the .eth7:humree of Samaria or the Ten Tribes of the %ouse of 3srael?.(NC

Fven The #ewish Encyclopedia comments upon the connection bet#een the descendants of the house of 3srael and the Sacae&
3f the Ten Tribes have disappeared the literal fulfillment of the prophecies #ould be impossibleL if they have not disappeared obviously they must eEist under a different name. ?the Sacae or Scythians who again were the 1ost Ten Tri es?. The identification of the Sacae or Scythians with the Ten Tri es eca"se they appear in history at the sa$e ti$e and )ery nearly in the sa$e place as the %sraelites re$o)ed y Shal$aneser Oking of AssyriaP is one of the chief s"pports of the theory which identifies the (nglish people and indeed the whole Te"tonic race with the Ten Tri es.(N5

=mri :uhumri -amera :immeraii Cimmertians Ceythians Scythians 3skuHa Saka Sacae Sakka Sakasone Sakaii as #ell as other names identified the 3sraelites in their banishment and continued migrations. As these people migrated north and #est into Furope and else#here they became kno#n as Celts >ombards -oths <isigoths =strogoths Normans .elgai Norsemen Northmen <ikings Danes -ermani Teutones Angles SaEons and others. Fventually these peoples became -ermans Anglo7SaEons Scots S#edes and Scandinavians. These +elto4*a1ons B usually considered !entiles B are todays &sraelites. !ah#eh has been true to %is $ord&

5I

*Map of 3srael"s $anderings 2 See Dg.I of Steven Collins +3srael"s >ost Fmpires, K Caption 2 3srael"s $anderings0
There failed not ought of any good thing #hich !ah#eh had spoken unto the house of 3sraelL all came to pass. 4 ;oshua /(&C5

!ah#eh did not fail in %is promises to 3srael at the time of ;oshua nor has %e failed them no#. A person does not need to manipulate the #ords of !ah#eh"s prophecies to find their fulfillment in the Ne# Testament and in the peoples of the #orld today. 3t is time for each of us to ans#er the same 9uestion the Apostle Daul asked :ing Agrippa in Acts /I&/G +Belie,est thou the prophets/,

Chapter 10 ?n$asking Today"s (do$ites& * Mystery within a Mystery

The solution to the mystery of the gentiles #ould be incomplete #ithout uncovering the identity of those #ho pose as 3sraelites today. Deople unfamiliar #ith the 3sraelite ancestry of many gentiles are usually just as una#are of the Fdomite ancestry of many ;e#s. .oth of these mistakes contribute to the mystery of the gentiles. The story of the Fdomites and the 3sraelites began at the conception of their respective forefathers. 3saac"s #ife Aebekah conceived fraternal t#in sons& Fsau #hose name #as changed to Fdom and ;acob #hose name #as changed to 3srael. $hen it became apparent that this pregnancy #as unusual Aebekah made in9uiry of !ah#eh&
And the children struggled together #ithin herL and she said 3f it be so #hy am 3 thus@ And she #ent to in9uire of !ah#eh. And !ah#eh said unto her T#o nations are in thy #omb and t#o manner of people shall be separated from thy bo#elsL and the one people shall be stronger than the other peopleL and the elder shall serve the younger. 4 -enesis /5&//7/B

The %ebre# #ord +W++&r)t=Y]w, *ratsats0 translated struggled together is defined by ;ames Strong&
?to crack in pieces literally or figuratively.(NI

+Ratsats, is the same #ord used in ;udges 8&5B translated +to brake, #hen +a certain #oman cast a piece of a millstone upon Abimelech"s head ? to "rake his skull., 3n other #ords some kind of intense battle #as being #aged bet#een these t#o brothers even #hile in the #omb. The neEt three verses appear to suggest that at the very least these t#o brothers #ere jockeying for position in order to be firstborn&
And #hen her days to be delivered #ere fulfilled behold there #ere t#ins in her #omb. And the first came out red all over like an hairy garmentL and they called his name Fsau. And after that came his brother out and his hand took hold on Fsau"s heelL and his name #as called ;acob& and 3saac #as threescore years old #hen she bare them. 4 -enesis /5&/C7/I

;acob held onto his t#in brother Fsau"s heel in #hat may have been an attempt to prevent Fsau from gaining the advantage of being firstborn. Although ;acob"s attempt #as in vain !ah#eh"s #ill #as not to be th#arted. %e had promised Aebekah that the elder should serve the

5G

younger. Fventually ;acob became the sole possessor of both the birthright and the blessing. This reversal of roles #as not #ithout conflict. !ah#eh informed Aebekah that Fsau and ;acob #ould invariably contend #ith one another and so #ould their descendants. This promise began to find its fulfillment soon after the t#o boys #ere gro#n. Fsau foolishly sold his birthright to his younger brother ;acob for a meager bo#l of red lentil ste# and their father un#ittingly besto#ed the blessing upon him as #ell. %ad Aebekah not intervened on ;acob"s behalf Fsau #ould have destroyed him as result of his bitter jealousy&
And Fsau hated ;acob because of the blessing #here#ith his father blessed him?. 2 -enesis /G&C(

*Dore"s Dainting of 3saac .lessing ;acob 4 Dage /N K Same as The same as #ith Dicture #ith Scripture0 The struggle bet#een these t#o men and subse9uently bet#een their descendants continued to manifest itself in the Fdomites" hatred of the 3sraelites&
?thou OFdomP hast had a perpetual hatred and hast shed the blood of the children of 3srael by the force of the s#ord in the time of their calamity?. 4 FHekiel B5&5 Fdom ? did pursue his brother #ith the s#ord and did cast off all pity and his anger did tear perpetually and he kept his #rath for ever. 4 Amos (&((

3n The 'istory o( &srael %einrich F#ald described the Fdomites" hatred for the 3sraelites&
?the 3dumeans OFdomitesP ? #ere 3srael"s most bitter foes #hen ;erusalem #as destroyed *by the .abylonians0?.(NG Since the days of the judges and the kings there #as no neighbouring people #ith #hich 3srael had been compelled to struggle so keenly as #ith Fdom.(N6 3n cunning ? as #ell as in a certain out#ard piety they are far superiorL and #hen they mingle in the internal disputes of a community they operate like a corroding lie or cankering poison?. They ? penetrate in the uneEpected guise of feigned friendship and apparent e9uality in order to involve the ancient 3srael in the deepest ruin?.(N8

Numbers /N informs us that #hen the 3sraelites #ere #andering in the #ilderness the Fdomites for no apparent reason refused to allo# the 3sraelites to pass through their land. ApproEimately four hundred years later :ing David #ould #rite about this inherent hatred&
:eep not thou silence = -od& hold not thy peace and be not still = -od. 1or lo thine enemies make a tumult& and they that hate thee have lifted up the head. They ha)e taken crafty co"nsel against thy people and cons"lted against thy hidden ones. They ha)e said Co$e and let "s c"t the$ off fro$ eing a nation L that the na$e of %srael $ay e no $ore in re$e$ rance. 1or they have consulted together #ith one consent& they are confederate against thee. The tabernacles of Fdom and the 3shmaelitesL of Moab and the %agarenesL -ebal and Ammon and AmalekL the Dhilistines #ith the inhabitants of TyreL Assur also is joined #ith them& they have holpen OhelpedP the children of >ot?. 4 Dsalm 6B&(76

8ausetts Bi"le Dictionary states that the reason for this concerted attack upon the 3sraelites involved the inheritance that the Fdomites doubtless believed rightfully belonged to them as descendants of 3saac"s first born son Fsau&

56

F.OdomP #as also linked #ith Ammon and Moab in the desperate effort $ade to root o"t %srael fro$ his di)inely gi)en inheritance ? under ;ehoshaphat Oking of the house of ;udahP as recorded in / Chron EE.? Ds. lEEEiii. *B75 (/0?.((N

/ Chronicles /N&(( declares that Fdom Ammon and Moab had +come to cast ? Othe 3sraelitesP out of thy possession #hich ? O!ah#ehP hast given ? OthemP to inherit., 3n ( Samuel (5&(7B !ah#eh commanded :ing Saul to utterly destroy the descendants of Fsau"s grandson Amalek. Saul disobeyed and ironically #as later killed by one of the very Amalekites he spared */ Samuel (&/7(N0. ApproEimately CNN years later %aman a descendant of Fsau Fdom through Amalek intended to eEterminate Mordecai and Fsther Saul"s descendants ) *)Fsther #as a cousin of Mordecai #ho #as a descendant of :ish *Fsther /&57G0. According to ( Samuel 8&(7/ :ish #as the father of :ing Saul. Fsther #as a .enjamite and Saul #as the only .enjamite to ever reign over 3srael. Therefore Fsther #ould have been of Saul"s royal lineage. 1lavius ;osephus relates that Fsther +#as herself of the royal family., 1lavius ;osephus +The Anti9uities of the ;e#s , ;osephus *-rand Aapids M3& :regel Dublications (8IN0 .ook T3 Chapter <3 <erse ( p. /BG.00 along #ith the portion of the house of ;udah that #ere captive in Dersia. %aman"s hatred for the ;udahites #as so intense that he #as #illing to pay the Dersian :ing Ahasuerus to see it accomplished&
?%aman sought to destroy all the ;udahites that #ere throughout the #hole kingdom of Ahasuerus even the people of Mordecai. ? And %aman said unto king Ahasuerus There is a certain people scattered abroad and dispersed among the people in all the provinces of thy kingdomL and their la#s are diverse from all peopleL neither keep they the king"s la#s& therefore it is not for the king"s profit to suffer them. 3f it please the king let it be #ritten that they may be destroyed& and 3 #ill pay ten thousand talents of silver to the hands of those that have the charge of the business to bring it into the king"s treasuries. 4 Fsther B&I78

.y !ah#eh"s providence %aman did not succeed in his genocidal plot and he #as hanged from the very gallo#s that he had built for Mordecai. The ensuing conflict killed many Fdomites and many others claimed to be ;udahites in an effort to preserve their lives&
And in every province and in every city #hithersoever the king"s commandment and his decree came the ;udahites had joy and gladness a feast and a good day. And $any of the people of the land eca$e !"dahites L for the fear of the !"dahites fell "pon the$. 4 Fsther 6&(G

( Samuel // records that Doeg the Fdomite slaughtered Ahimelech and other >evitical priests #hen Saul"s servants refused to take part in the bloody deed. The Talmud Sanhedrin I8b states that Doeg +?is regarded by the rabbis as the greatest scholar of his time?., ((( :ing David on the other hand described Doeg as having character traits similar to those of his progenitor Fsau&
Thy tongue deviseth mischiefsL like a sharp rasor #orking deceitfully. Thou lovest evil more than goodL and lying rather than to speak righteousness. Thou lovest all devouring #ords?. 4 Dsalm 5/&/7C

;asher /6&/N declares that +Fsau #as a designing and deceitful man one #ho hunted after the hearts of men?.,)) *))Although ;asher is not a part of the sacred canon of Scripture it is mentioned in ;oshua (N&(B and / Samuel (&(6 and it is referenced in / Timothy B&6.0 FHekiel /5&(/ states that +Fdom hath dealt against the house of ;udah by taking vengeance and hath greatly offended and revenged himself upon them., =badiah (&(N7(C declares that

58

Fdom +rejoiced over the children of ;udah in the day of their destruction?. Thou ? entered into the gate of my people in the day of their calamityL yea thou ? looked on their affliction ? OandP laid hands on their substance in the day of their calamity ? OandP cut off those of his that did escape ? OandP delivered up those of his that did remain in the day of distress., The Apocryphal book of ( Maccabees records the Fdomites" desire to destroy the 3sraelites&
?they thought to destroy the generation of ;acob that #as among them and thereupon they began to slay and destroy the people. Then ;udas OMaccabaeusP fought against the children of Fsau in 3dumea at Arabattine because they besieged 3srael?. 4 ( Maccabees 5&/7B

:ing %erod the -reat eEhibited the same #icked trait as did his Fdomite progenitors. Matthe# /&(I relates that he #as so intent on killing the infant !ahshua that %e murdered all ;udahite boys t#o years of age and under in .ethlehem and the surrounding territory. *Dore"s Dainting of The Massacre of the 3nnocents 4 Dage (I5 K Caption 2 The same as #ith picture #ith scripture0 .ible dictionaries document that %erod #as of Fdomite descent&
The %erodian dynasty made its #ay into Dalestine through Antipater an 3dumean by descent. The 3dumeans #ere of Fdomite stock as descendants of Fsau. Antipater #as installed as procurator of ;udea by ;ulius Caesar the emperor of Aome in CG ..C. %e appointed t#o of his sons to ruling positions. =ne of these #as %erod kno#n as +%erod the -reat , #ho #as appointed governor of ;udea.((/

Although %erod directed his murderous act principally against !ahshua this #as yet another instance #hen Fdom"s +perpetual hatred, #as unleashed upon 3sraelites. Fdomite enmity #as also eEhibited during the siege of ;erusalem in GN AD #hen they entered the besieged city #ith the Aoman Fmperor Titus&
;ust before the siege under Titus /N NNN 3dumeans #ere admitted into ;erusalem and filled it #ith bloodshed and rapine.((B ?nor did the 3dumeans spare anybodyL for as they are naturally a barbarous and bloody nation?. And no# the outer temple #as all of it overflo#ed #ith bloodL and that day as it came on sa# eight thousand five hundred dead bodies there. .ut the rage of the 3dumeans #as not satiated by these slaughters but they no# betook themselves to the city and plundered every house and sle# every one they met ? they sought for the high priests ? and as soon as they caught them they sle# them?. No# after these #ere slain the Healots and the multitude of the 3dumeans fell upon the people as upon a flock of profane animals and cut their throatsL and for the ordinary sort they #ere destroyed in #hat place soever they caught them.((C

These are only a fe# instances #here biblical and secular history cite Fdom"s perpetual hatred to#ard 3sraelites. .ut #ho did these Fdomites become@ ;ust as the 3sraelites assumed ne# identities so did the Fdomites. Fach of the follo#ing ;e#ish #itnesses testifies to the Fdomites" ne# identity&
?in the days of ;ohn %yrcanus *end of the second century ..C.F.0 ? the Fdomites became a section of the ;e#ish people.((5 They #ere then incorporated #ith the ;e#ish nation?.((I

IN

?from then on they constituted a part of the ;e#ish people %erod being one of their descendants.((G ?they #ere hereafter no other than ;e#s Oin nameP.((6

3t is also #orth repeating that !ah#eh #arned that non73sraelites #ould pose as 3sraelites&
?3 kno# the blasphemy of them #hich say they are ;udahites and are not but are the synagogue of Satan. 4 Aevelation /&8 .ehold 3 #ill make them of the synagogue of Satan #hich say they are ;udahites and are not but do lieL behold 3 #ill make them to come and #orship before thy feet and to kno# that 3 have loved thee. 4 Aevelations B&8

During the time that the 3sraelites became kno#n as gentiles the Fdomites became kno#n as ;udahites or ;e#s as they are called today. $ith this name the Fdomites have laid claim to both the birthright and blessings lost to their brethren by their progenitor Fsau. The ;e#s today are not descended from ;acob 3srael but from the Fdomites and :haHars. They assumed the name +;e#, at the times of Fsther ;ohn %yrcanus and :ing .ulan. The follo#ing piece of the puHHle should not be passed over lightly. ;erusalem"s celebrated $estern or $ailing $all is one of the ;e#s" most sacred sites. Contrary to #idespread belief this site is not #hat is left from the #all that surrounded :ing Solomon"s 3sraelite temple but from #hat is left of :ing %erod"s Fdomite temple. The *tandard #ewish Encyclopedia and The ni,ersal #ewish Encyclopedia testify to this Fdomite connection #ith the $ailing $all&
$estern *or #ailing0 $all ? Dart of the #all enclosing %erod"s Temple still standing in the =ld City of ;erusalem. The five lo#er courses ? date from the time of %erod ? this part of the #all #as regarded as sacred in popular legend as far back as the Talmudic DeriodL since at least the (Nth cent. regular services #ere held before it.((8 The Temple of %erod. %erod began the construction of his o#n Temple in the eighteenth year of his reign */N7(8 ..C.F.0?. The %erodian Temple #as never completed ? the $estern or $ailing $all #ith its gigantic he#n stones #as ? the #all that surrounded the Temple area.(/N

Today"s ;e#s seem to intuitively understand that %erod"s #all not Solomon"s is their rightful shrine. The innate morality of today"s ;e#s also testifies that they are not 3sraelites. $hen Aebekah #as pregnant #ith Fsau and ;acob !ah#eh informed her that t#o manner of people #ere #ithin her. A comparison of the Talmud the religious book of today"s Fdomite ;e#s #ith the %oly .ible the religious book of today"s 3sraelite Christians bears out this disparity in ethics& *3nsert Charles $eisman"s Chart Dg. BNB of -CD(/( K No Caption0 Although many Christians believe contemporary ;udaism derives its beliefs from the =ld Testament many ;e#s admit other#ise. Consider carefully the follo#ing ;e#ish testimonies regarding the source of their morals and values&
*rsene <ar$esteter (68G The Talmud ? represents the uninterrupted #ork of ;udaism ? it is the faithful mirror of the manners the institutions the kno#ledge of the ;e#s in a #ord of the #hole of their civiliHation?. Nothing indeed can e9ual the importance of the Talmud?.(//

I(

;udaism finds its eEpression in the Talmud?. The study of ;udaism is that of the Talmud as the study of the Talmud is that of ;udaism?. They are t#o inseparable things or better they are one and the same?.(/B Ra i Morris 8ert'er (85/ The Talmud consists of IB books of legal ethical and historical #ritings of the ancient rabbis?. 3t is a compendium of la# and lore. 3t is the legal code #hich forms the basis of ;e#ish religious la# and it is the teEtbook used in the training of rabbis.(/C <r. Ben#a$in 7reed$an (85C The Talmud today virtually eEercises totalitarian dictatorship over the lives of so7called or self7styled +;e#s, #hether they are a#are of that fact or not?.(/5 ;ust as the Talmud is the +teEtbook by #hich rabbis are trained , so is the Talmud also the teEtbook by #hich the rank and file of the so7called or self7styled ;e#s are trained to think from their earliest age.(/I +er$an Wo"k (858 The Talmud ? is to this day the circulating heart"s blood of the ;e#ish religion. $hatever la#s customs or ceremonies #e observe 4 #hether #e are =rthodoE Conservative Aeform or merely spasmodic sentimentalists 4 #e follo# The Talmud. 3t is our common la#.(/G Ra i *din Steinsalt' (8GI ?the Talmud is the central pillar Oof ;udaismP soaring up from the foundations and supporting the entire spiritual and intellectual edifice. 3n many #ays the Talmud is the most important book in ;e#ish culture the backbone of creativity and the national life. No other #ork has had a comparable influence on the theory and practice of ;e#ish life shaping spiritual content and serving as a guide to conduct.(/6

3n his book $ Ra""i Talks with #esus Aabbi ;acob Neusner admitted to the dissimilarity of the ;e#"s morality derived from the Talmud and that of Christians #ho follo# the teachings of !ahshua the Christ&
O!ahshua"sP #ay so radically differs from my #ay it is clear #e are hearing different voices from Sinai?.(/8

This is because the ;e#s" religion does not originate from Sinai but from .abylon&
The beginnings of Talmudic literature date back to the time of the .abylonian FEile in the siEth pre7Christian century before the Aoman Aepublic had yet come into eEistence.(BN 3ts birthplace .abylonia #as an autonomous ;e#ish centre for a longer period than any other landL namely from soon after 56I before the Christian era to the year (NCN after the Christian era 2 (I/I yearsL from the days of Cyrus Oking of .abylonP do#n to the age of the Mongol con9uerors'(B(

;e#ish author Maurice Samuel in his book You Gentiles provided yet further #itness to the differences bet#een today"s Fdomite7:haHar ;e#s and today"s Celto7SaEon 3sraelites&
3 have said +There are t#o life7forces in the #orld 3 kno#& ;e#ish and gentile ours and yours., ?$hat their origin #as 3 cannot say. ?3 can only affirm 4 to the ;e#s in the main belongs the ;e#ish life7force a consistent and coherent force a direction in human

I/

thought and reaction. To you others belongs the gentile life7force a mode of life and thought distinct from ours?. $e have lived for many centuries in close contiguity if not intimacy?. !et the cleavage is there abysmal and undeniable. 3n the main #e are forever distinct. =urs is one life yours is another?. 3 do not believe that this primal difference bet#een gentile and ;e# is reconcilable?. There #ill be irritation bet#een us as long as #e are in intimate contact. 1or nature and constitution and vision divide us from all of you forever?. $ith the best #ill on both sides successful adaptation to each other #ill al#ays be insecure and transient?. .ut as has come to pass so often the difference #hich is deeper than #ill deeper than consciousness #ill assert itself.(B/

!ah#eh informed Aebekah that +t#o nations are in thy #omb and t#o manner of people shall be separated from thy bo#els., These t#o +life7forces, that Samuel #ondered about are easily understood from a biblical perspective especially #hen the t#o parties are identified correctly. Samuel continued his insightful observations concerning the differences bet#een these t#o peoples their la#s and their morality&
?your system of morality is no less a need to you than ours to us. And the incompatibility of the t#o systems is not passive. !ou might say& +$ell let us eEist side by side and tolerate each other. $e #ill not attack your morality nor you ours., .ut the misfortune is that the t#o are not merely different. They are opposed in mortal though tacit enmity. No man can accept both or accepting either do other#ise than despise the other. ?the preferences and aversions #hich 3 here eEpress #ill at least serve to make clear the irreconcilable difference bet#een ;e#ish and gentile morality?.(BB The ;e#ish radical ? #ill discover that nothing can bridge the gulf bet#een you and us?. $e ;e#s #e the destroyers #ill remain the destroyers forever. Nothing that you #ill do #ill meet our needs and demands. $e #ill forever destroy because #e need a #orld of our o#n?.(BC

:eeping in mind !ah#eh"s prophecy to Aebekah and the prophecies of FHekiel and Amos regarding the Fdomite"s everlasting hatred of 3sraelites it is evident that some of today"s Fdomites are still intent on fulfilling these prophecies. 3t is commonly believed that the ;e#s or 3sraelis are allies of America and other Christian nations. There is no better #ay for someone to defeat an enemy #ithout detection than to convince him that he is an ally. A pat on the back can easily become a stab in the back. Micah B&5 #arns of those #ho cry +Deace', and secretly plan for #ar. .enjamin 1reedman a ;e# tried to alert Christians to their avo#ed enemies&
The history of the #orld for the past several centuries and current events at home and abroad confirm the eEistence of a conspiracy to destroy Christian civiliHation. The #orld7#ide plot of these diabolical conspirators has been implemented #hile most Christians have been asleep. The Christian clergy seem to be more ignorant and indifferent to this plot than other Christians. They seem to bury their heads in the sands of indifference and ignorance like the legendary ostrich. This ignorance and indifference has dealt a severe blo# to the Christian faith?. The confusion ? is un#arranted and unjustified. 3t need not eEist. 3t #ould not eEist if the Christian clergy did not aid and abet the deceptions responsible for it. The Christian clergy may be shocked to learn that they have been aiding and abetting the dedicated enemies of the Christian faith. Many of the Christian clergy are actually their allies but may not kno# it.(B5

3n 5NN .C #hile eEpounding upon the tactics of #arfare Chinese philosopher and general Sun THu declared the importance of not only kno#ing yourself but also correctly identifying your adversary&

IB

3f you kno# the enemy and kno# yourself you need not fear the result of a hundred battles. 3f you kno# yourself but not the enemy for every victory gained you #ill also suffer a defeat. 3f you kno# neither the enemy nor yourself you #ill succumb in every battle.(BI

=ver a century before Sun THu #as born !ah#eh made a similar declaration&
My people are destroyed for lack of kno#ledge?. 4 %osea C&I

Tragically many Christians do not kno# either #ho they are or #ho their enemies are. Fven #orse they do often not even understand that they have enemies. .ecause many Christians have misidentified themselves and failed to recogniHe the eEistence of an enemy dedicated to destroying the Christian faith they have become bedfello#s #ith those #ho #ould destroy them and their religion. Many ;e#s testify to this plot against Christianity&
Ra i Reichhorn (6I8 Fvery hundred years $e the sages of 3srael OTalmudic ;udaismP ? meet in Sanhedrin in order to eEamine our progress to#ards the domination of the #orld ? and our con9uests over the enemy 2 Christianity.(BG 1earned (lders of =ion (68G ?only years divide us from the moment of the complete #recking of that Christian religion?.(B6 Bernard 1a'are (8NB ?they are the enemies of -od and ;esus Christ ? in their daily prayers they curse the Savior under the name of the NaHareneL they build ne# synagogues as if to insult the Christian religion?. 3n brief +there is no #ickedness in the #orld #hich the ;e#s are not guilty of so that they seem to aim at nothing but the Christians" ruin.,(B8 The ;e#s did not stop there?. Their activity #as such as to give rise to ? the eEistence of a secret society s#orn to the destruction of Christianity.(CN ?attacking all dogmas and forms of Christianity #ith a bitterness entirely ;udaic?.(C( The ;e# ? is not content merely to destroy Christianity but he preaches the gospel of ;udaism?. %e is engaged in his historic mission the annihilation of the religion of Christ.(C/ Ben#a$in <israeli (8N5 ?Othe ;e#sP touch the hand of all the scum and lo# castes of Furope' And all this because they #ish to destroy that ungrateful Christendom?.(CB %srael Shahak (88C ;udaism is imbued #ith a very deep hatred to#ards Christianity?. The very name +;esus, #as for ;e#s a symbol of all that is abominable and this popular tradition still persists.(CC

This plot against Christianity revealed itself again in /NNC #hen many ;e#ish organiHations attacked Mel -ibson"s movie The Passion o( the +hrist. ;e#ish attacks upon Christians and Christianity come in various forms 2 religion politics the legal system the arts %olly#ood the media and #ar 4 to name a fe#. 3n his book The

IC

&nternational #ew %enry 1ord Sr. founder of the 1ord Motor Company and o#ner of The Dear"orn &ndependent ne#spaper boldly declared the truth&
There is a religious prejudice in this country there is indeed a religious persecution there is a forcible shoving aside of the religious liberties of a majority of the people and this prejudice and persecution and use of force is ;e#ish and nothing but ;e#ish.(C5

.ible students should find the foregoing facts concerning the Fdomites dis9uieting. .ecause Fsau lost the birthright and the blessing to ;acob it seems innate for Fsau"s descendants to do #hatever it takes including mas9uerading as 3srael to steal these blessings back from !ah#eh"s intended heirs. 3n -enesis /6&CN 3saac told his son Fsau that +#hen thou shalt have the dominion that thou shalt break his O;acob 3srael"sP yoke from off thy neck., $ith this prophecy in mind consider very carefully the implication of the follo#ing passages. FHekiel B5&(N7(/ records ho# the Fdomites had proclaimed that +these t#o nations and these t#o countries Othe t#o houses of 3srael and their respective landsP shall be mine and #e #ill possess it, and that +the mountains of 3srael ? are laid desolate, and +given us to consume., FHekiel BI&/ 5 foretell that 3dumea or Fdom #ould claim +the ancient high places are ours in possession, and that they had +appointed my O!ah#eh"sP land Oof ;udea modern7day DalestineP into their possession., Malachi (&C states that Fdom #ould +return and rebuild the desolate places., 3n 3saiah C8&(C7 (8 the desolate places are identified #ith Qion or ;erusalem and its surrounding region. A case could be made that :ing %erod helped to fulfill these prophecies even though they #ere principally fulfilled as a conse9uence of the Fdomites assisting Fmperor Titus in sacking ;erusalem in GN AD. There also appears to have been a secondary fulfillment as there often is #ith prophecy #hen ;e#s immigrated to the land of 3srael in (8C6. Aemember !ah#eh is sovereign and all things happen according to %is divine plan. 3n other #ords the relocation of the ;e#s to the land of 3srael in (8C6 has nothing to do #ith prophecies concerning 3sraelites. The ;e#ish settlement of the %oly >and better fulfills FHekiel"s and Malachi"s prophecies that the Fdomites #ould one day take over ;erusalem and its surrounding area and rebuild the desolate places. .ecause the eschatology of many Christians churches and ministries is based upon the belief that the ;e#s" migration to the %oly >and is fulfillment of prophecy about 3sraelites it #ill be difficult for many people to abandon these ideas. =n the other hand this is an opportunity to prove that truth is more sacred than man7made doctrines. Since (8C6 American taEpayers and Christian ministries have sent billions of dollars to assist the Qionist State of 3srael. .ut instead of being blessed for blessing these ;e#s as many modern7 day preachers claim America has been cursed. Consider the record. Since (8C6 and the formation of the State of 3srael America has declined socially politically economically educationally spiritually and morally. This alone should be proof enough that there has been a case of mistaken identity. Although the Fdomites appear to be fulfilling 3saac"s blessing that they #ould break ;acob"s yoke from their neck and regain dominion *-enesis /G&CN0 later prophecies assure us that the Fdomites #ill not al#ays have the upper hand&
Thus saith the >ord !ah#ehL .ecause that Fdom hath dealt against the house of ;udah by taking vengeance and hath greatly offended and revenged himself upon themL therefore thus saith the >ord !ah#ehL 3 #ill also stretch out mine hand upon Fdom and #ill cut off man and beast from itL and 3 #ill make it desolate from TemanL and they of Dedan shall fall by the s#ord. And 3 #ill lay my vengeance upon Fdom by the hand of my people 3srael& and they shall do in Fdom according to mine anger and according to my furyL and they shall kno# my vengeance saith the >ord !ah#eh. 4 FHekiel /5&(/7(C

I5

Thus saith the >ord !ah#ehL ? 3 #ill make thee desolate. As thou didst rejoice at the inheritance of the house of 3srael because it #as desolate so #ill 3 do unto thee& thou shalt be desolate = mount Seir and all 3dumea even all of it& and they shall kno# that 3 am !ah#eh. 4 FHekiel B5&(C7(5 ?Thus saith the >ord !ah#eh concerning Fdom?. The pride of thine heart hath deceived thee thou that d#ellest in the clefts of the rock #hose habitation is highL that saith in his heart $ho shall bring me do#n to the ground@ Though thou eEalt thyself as the eagle and though thou set thy nest among the stars thence #ill 3 bring thee do#n saith !ah#eh?. %o# are the things of Fsau searched out' %o# are his hidden things sought up' ?1or thy violence against thy brother ;acob shame shall cover thee and thou shalt be cut off for ever. 3n the day that thou C entered into his gates and cast lots upon ;erusalem even thou #ast as one of them. ?as thou hast done it shall be done unto thee& thy re#ard shall return upon thine o#n head?. 4 =badiah (&(7(5 $hereas Fdom saith $e are impoverished but #e #ill return and build the desolate placesL thus saith !ah#eh of hosts They shall build but 3 #ill thro# do#nL and they shall call them The border of #ickedness and the people against #hom !ah#eh hath indignation for ever. And your eyes shall see and ye shall say !ah#eh #ill be magnified from the border of 3srael. 4 Malachi (&C75

Chapter 11 Concl"sion
Christians disdain Fsau for despising his birthright. !et by rejecting their identity as 3sraelites they despise their o#n birthright as much as Fsau did. May !ah#eh hasten the day #hen today"s true 3sraelites come to appreciate their heritage and praise %im for it. More importantly may %e use this kno#ledge to cause many 3sraelites to seek %im by #ay of the blood7atoning sacrifice of !ahshua the Christ.) *)Mark (I&(57(I Acts /&BI7C( //&(7(I Aomans I&B7C -alatians B&/I7/G and ( Deter B&/( should be studied #hen considering #hat our response should be to !ahshua"s gospel call.(CI0 Many gentiles have been misidentified as non73sraelites and today"s ;e#s have been misidentified as 3sraelites resulting in the theft of one of the greatest inheritances of all time. %o#ever as the rightful heirs of ;acob 3srael a#aken they #ill arise and claim their inheritance&
And he O!ah#ehP #ill destroy in this mountain the face of the covering cast over all people and the vail that is spread over all nations. %e #ill s#allo# up death in victoryL and the >ord !ah#eh #ill #ipe a#ay tears from off all facesL and the rebuke of his people shall he take a#ay from off all the earth& for !ah#eh hath spoken it. And it shall be said in that day >o this is our -odL #e have #aited for him and he #ill save us& this is !ah#ehL #e have #aited for him #e #ill be glad and rejoice in his salvation. 4 3saiah /5&G78

$hat has been concealed for far too long is being revealed. The cast of characters in this biblical saga have no# been correctly identified and corroborated by the testimony of the inspired voice of the prophets by history and by archaeology. The birthright and the blessing are no# secure #ith those #ho are #illing to embrace their identity. Aalph $aldo Fmerson once #rote +=ur eyes are holden that #e cannot see things that stare us in the face until the hour arrives #hen the mind is ripenedL then #e behold them and the time #hen #e sa# them not is like a dream.,(CG May !ah#eh hasten the day #hen the veil is totally removed and the errors that have been so long embraced are but a dream'

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3t is incumbent upon us #ho kno# the truth to share this information #ith others #ho have not yet been blessed #ith the kno#ledge of #ho they are&
1or the anEious longing of the creation #aits eagerly for the revealing of the sons of -od. 4 Aomans 6&(8 NAS<

May !ah#eh grant us the courage to take part in this great revelation #hich >ord #illing #ill result in many sons of 3srael becoming sons of !ah#eh'

*ppendi, 1 Spirit"al %srael& &"t of *ll 2ations or &"t of the 2ation of %srael@
Many contemporary Christians teach that !ah#eh no longer has a plan for physical 3srael under the Ne# Covenant and that %e is no# #orking #ith only a multi7ethnic spiritual 3srael. This hypothetical 3srael is said to consist of anyone of any nationality or race #ho becomes a Christian. 3n theological terminology this is a form of supercessionism or replacement theology. Many Christian preachers and #riters attempt to use -alatians B&/I7/8 as justification for a spiritual 3srael&
1or ye are all the children of -od by faith in Christ !ahshua. 1or as many of you as have been baptiHed into Christ have put on Christ. There is neither !ew nor Greek there is neither bond nor free there is neither male nor female& for ye are all one in Christ !ahshua. And if ye e Christ"s then are ye * raha$"s seed and heirs according to the pro$ise. 4 -alatians B&/I7/8

3t is commonly taught that ;e#s and -reeks represent t#o different nationalities or t#o different races. Conse9uently they conclude that !ah#eh is no longer #orking #ith a physical 3srael under the Ne# Covenant but #ith a spiritual 3srael composed of people from all races #ho have been saved in !ahshua the Christ. 3n his book +louds O,er $%erica >eonard >ee presented these ideas about !ah#eh"s relationship #ith the 3sraelites under the Ne# Covenant&
-od rejected the 3sraelites as a nation Oat the commencement of the Ne# CovenantP?. The 3sraelites have no# passed off the stage of action.(C6 Their nationality Ounder the Ne# CovenantP is of no significance in the ultimate purposes of -od.(C8

>ee claimed that the Ne# Testament emphasis #as on a +spiritual 3srael,&
Since -od rejected the 3sraelites as a nation #e can look for the fulfillment of %is purposes only in spiritual 3srael.(5N

%e then eEplained ho# this allegedly occurs citing -alatians B&/I7/8 to support his claims&
Those Opeople of all nationalities and racesP #ho are grafted into Christ the root the true vine #ill become spiritual 3srael and #ill receive all the blessings and promises made to ancient 3srael.(5(

>ee also relied upon the customary interpretation of Aomans ((. %o#ever Aomans (( is not about non73sraelites being grafted into Christ. 3t #as demonstrated in Chapter G *pages /87BG0 OThese page numbers #ill have to be changed #hen typeset.P that Aomans (( fulfills several =ld Testament prophecies concerning the reunion of the house of 3srael #ith the house of ;udah.
IG

3n his book #ust Be(ore Dawn Cornelius <andrebreggen used -alatians B&/I7/8 in similar fashion&
%ere are #ords addressed not to physical descendants of Abraham but to saved Onon7 3sraeliteP -entiles. They are informed that because of their faith in ;esus Christ they are Abraham"s seed. 3n other #ords spiritually they are his descendants or his children for they have believed in the same =ne in $hose coming he believed'(5/

3n his periodical The Last Tru%p Fd Moore made similar remarks concerning the 3sraelites under the Ne# Covenant&
%ence #e can begin to see that being the children of Abraham has nothing to do #ith race.(5B

;ames Mc:eever dre# the same conclusions in his book The 8uture Re,ealed in a chapter entitled +3srael and the Covenants,&
Today 3srael is composed of all those Opeople from all races of mankindP #ho have received ;esus Christ as their Savior?.(5C ?all those #ho believe in Christ are ;e#s are 3srael and are heirs to the promises made to Abraham.(55

The title The +hurch &s &srael Now a book by Charles Drovan succinctly states the spiritual 3srael position. =n the back cover Drovan states emphatically that physical 3srael is no longer of conse9uence&
?the titles attributes and blessings of 3srael #ere transferred to all those #ho accept ;esus Christ as >ord and Savior and to no one else regardless of Abrahamic descent. The Church is 3srael No#.(5I

The Aoman Catholic Church makes a similar claim. Dope Dius T3 is 9uoted as saying the follo#ing&
Spiritually #e are Semites.(5G

.ecause -alatians B&/I7/8 is so #idely used to justify a spiritual 3srael composed of all nationalities and races under the Ne# Covenant it is important to analyHe this passage carefully. Those #ho believe that a spiritual 3srael under the Ne# Covenant includes all nationalities and races #ill find that their interpretation of -alatians B&/I7/8 depends entirely upon their definitions of the #ords +;e#, and +-reek., 3t is generally assumed that the term +;e#, is synonymous #ith the terms +3srael, or +3sraelites , the descendants of all t#elve sons of ;acob 3srael. 3t is also generally assumed that the #ord +-reek , especially #hen used in contrast to the #ord +;e# , means non73sraelites. 3f these definitions are correct then the common interpretation of -alatians B&/I7/8 is also correct. %o#ever because these definitions are incorrect the common interpretation of this passage is also incorrect. The error lies in the commonly held definitions of ;e# -reek and gentile. $hen the correct definitions of these terms are furnished ne# light is shed on -alatians B&/I7/8 and on similar passages. The biblical definitions for ;e#s *better rendered ;udahites0 and gentiles has already been provided in Chapter / *pages B7(N0 and Chapter 5 *pages (G7//0. The term +-reek, has yet to be eEplored. Although some Ne# Testament passages use the term +-reek, in a more eEplicit sense

I6

most biblical authorities recogniHe that it is often employed to simply represent gentiles in general&
+Greek, $eans either a native of -reece or else a Gentile in general *Aom (N&(/L /&87 (N margin0.(56 The ter$ +ellenes Othe -reek #ord translated -reeksP refers to the inhabitants of -reece ? but it is also "sed as a )irt"al e>"i)alent of MGentile " to describe those #ho are not of ;e#ish O;udahiteP origin?.(58

This interchangeable use of the #ords +-reek, and +gentile, is confirmed in the -reek teEt of Aomans / as accurately rendered in the Ne# American Standard .ible&
There #ill be tribulation and distress for every soul of man #ho does evil of the ;udahite first and also of the Greek O'ellenosP but glory and honor and peace to every man #ho does good to the ;udahite first and also to the Greek O'elleniP. 1or there is no partiality #ith -od. 1or all #ho have sinned #ithout the >a# #ill also perish #ithout the >a#L and all #ho have sinned under the >a# #ill be judged by the >a#L for not the hearers of the >a# are just before -od but the doers of the >a# #ill be justified. 1or #hen Gentiles OethneP #ho do not have the >a# do instinctively the things of the >a# these not having the >a# are a la# to themselves. 2 Aomans /&87(C NAS<

Conse9uently the #ord +-reek, in -alatians B&/6 could be replaced #ith +gentile, #ithout doing harm to the intent or meaning of -alatians B&/I7/8. The Ne# Testament #riters demonstrate that ethnos from #hich the #ord +gentiles, is translated in the Ne# Testament is simply a generic eEpression for any nation people or race. 3t can refer to either a non73sraelite or an 3sraelite nation. Therefore it is improper to indiscriminately select an application and apply it to any particular passage #ithout due consideration of the conteEt in #hich ethnos is found. Nation an nations are clearly the best translations of ethnos and ethne. They should have been translated in this manner throughout the Ne# Testament permitting the conteEt of each passage to determine #hich nation*s0 #ere being referred to. Jnfortunately the translators" erroneous translations have often resulted in fla#ed theology concerning these #ords. The same has occurred #ith the -reek #ord +hellen , including its use in -alatians B&/I7/8. $hat does the conteEt reveal concerning the -reeks or gentiles in the book of -alatians@ To #hom #as the book of -alatians #ritten@
Daul an apostle *not of men neither by man but by !ahshua Christ and -od the 1ather #ho raised him from the deadL0 and all the brethren #hich are #ith me unto the ch"rches of Galatia. 4 -alatians (&(7/

The -reek #ord +e) lh!i/ai$ , *ekklees>ais0 translated churches means called out assemblies or communities. The Apostle Daul addressed this epistle to the Christian communities found throughout the country of -alatia #ho had responded to the Ne# Covenant call of salvation in !ahshua the Christ. $ho #ere these -alatians #ho responded to the gospel@ The Apostle Deter provides an important clue in ans#ering this 9uestion&
Deter an apostle of !ahshua Christ to the strangers scattered thro"gho"t Dontus Galatia Cappadocia Asia and .ithynia elect according to the forekno#ledge of -od the 1ather through sanctification of the Spirit unto obedience and sprinkling of the blood of !ahshua Christ?. 4 ( Deter (&(7/

I8

3t #as already established in Chapter 6 *pages C/7CB0 that Deter #rote his first epistle to the dispersed 3sraelites beyond the Fuphrates Aiver fulfilling Ahija"s prophecy found in ( :ings (C&
1or !ah#eh #ill strike 3srael as a reed is shaken in the #aterL and +e will "proot Othe house ofP %srael fro$ this good land which +e ga)e to their fathers and will scatter the$ eyond the ("phrates Ri)er because they have made their Asherim provoking !ah#eh to anger. 2 ( :ings (C&(5 NAS<

+.eyond the Fuphrates Aiver, includes the countries cited in Deter"s salutation #hich included the country of -alatia. 3nsert map from Spiritual 3srael This alone does not prove that the -reeks in -alatians B&/6 #ere 3sraelite gentiles. %o#ever it certainly deserves consideration. The conteEt of -alatians B and C provides the remaining clues necessary to correctly identify them.
:no# ye therefore that they which are of faith the same are the children of * raha$. 4 -alatians B&G

-alatians B&G is often 9uoted in an attempt to spiritualiHe 3srael in the Ne# Testament. %o#ever #hen this verse is taken alone as it is translated in our modern Fnglish versions it does not support the concept that 3srael is merely spiritual. 3f the #ord +they, in this verse refers to non73sraelite gentiles then a person must conclude that the children of Abraham are spiritual rather than physical children. =n the other hand if the #ord +they, refers to racial 3sraelites then a person must conclude that only those racial 3sraelites #ho are of faith are considered children of Abraham. The remaining racial 3sraelites 4 those #ho do not enter into the Ne# Covenant through !ahshua the Christ 4 #ould remain in their sins and be in need of the blood of !ahshua the Christ in order to be considered true children of Abraham. Nothing can be proven by the proponents of either position using this verse alone especially as it has been translated in most modern Fnglish .ibles. %o#ever consider this verse as translated by Dastor Alfred Marshall in The &nterlinear Greek4En!lish New Testa%ent in #hich the -reek phrase +ou,toi >ui-oi/ >ei)!in >)./raa/$, is literally translated +these sons are of Abraham, #ith the emphasis on +these sons,&
:no# ye then that the *ones0 of faith these sons are of * raha$. 4 -alatians B&G(IN

3n other #ords the true sons are those physical sons of Abraham #ho believe in !ahshuaD ( Deter B provides a similar eEpression&
?Sarah obeyed Abraham calling him lord& whose da"ghters ye are as long as ye do well and are not afraid #ith any amaHement. 4 ( Deter B&I

The Apostle Deter #rote his first epistle to 3sraelites of the dispersion. Conse9uently ( Deter B&I can be understood to say& +you physical daughters of Sarah are truly her children if you do #ell., The literal translation of -alatians B&G alone does not provide enough evidence to determine the correct application for the #ord +-reek, in -alatians B&/6. $e must look for more evidence from #ithin the conteEt&
.ut before faith came we #ere kept under the la# shut up unto the faith #hich should after#ards be revealed. $herefore the la# #as o"r schoolmaster to bring "s unto Christ

GN

that we might be justified by faith. .ut after that faith is come we are no longer under a schoolmaster. 4 -alatians B&/B7/5

3n these three verses the +#e, and +us, are the same people as the +ye, and +you, #hom Daul addressed in verses /I and /G and #hom he identified as both ;udahites and -reeks in verse /6&
1or ye are all the children of -od by faith in Christ !ahshua. 1or as many of yo" as have been baptiHed into Christ have put on Christ. There is neither !"dahite nor Greek?. 4 -alatians B&/I7/6

Therefore the +#e, and +us, in verses /B7/5 are both ;udahites and -reeks. Daul described these same people as having previously been +under the la#., This description fits only one group of people 4 the t#elve tribes of 3srael&
Moses commanded us a la# even the inheritance of the congregation of ;acob. 4 Deuteronomy BB&C 1or he O!ah#ehP established a testimony in ;acob and appointed a la# in 3srael #hich he commanded our fathers that they should make them kno#n to their children. 4 Dsalm G6&5 ?my Othe Apostle Daul"sP brethren my kinsmen according to the flesh& $ho are 3sraelitesL to #hom pertaineth the adoption and the glory and the covenants and the giving of the la# and the service of -od and the promises. 4 Aomans 8&B7C

These passages teach that !ah#eh gave %is la# to 3sraelites. 3t belonged to them they #ere under its obligation and like#ise under its curse. Not only #as !ah#eh"s la# given to the 3sraelites as their possession it #as given eEclusively to 3sraelites&
%e O!ah#ehP she#eth his #ord unto ;acob his statutes and his judgments unto 3srael. +e hath not dealt so with any nation& and as for his judgments they ha)e not known the$. Draise ye !ah' 4 Dsalm (CG&(87/N

This evidence concerning the la# of !ah#eh #hich most of Christendom agrees #ith correctly identifies the -reeks in -alatians B&/6. Those -alatians can be none other than 3sraelites from the house of 3srael #hom !ah#eh had divorced and scattered among non73sraelites nations and #ho generally had become kno#n as -reeks. The conteEt proves this to be true because only the t#elve tribes of 3srael had been under the la# of !ah#eh. Corroborating evidence is provided in the five verses immediately follo#ing verse /8 of -alatians B&
No# 3 say That the heir as long as he is a child differeth nothing from a servant though he be lord of allL but is under tutors and governors until the time appointed of the father. Fven so #e #hen #e #ere children #ere in bondage under the elements of the #orld& .ut #hen the fulness of the time #as come God sent forth his Son made of a #oman made under the la# to redee$ the$ that were "nder the law that we $ight recei)e the adoption of sons. 4 -alatians C&(75

$e are provided three clues in these five verses. The first clue +under the la#, has already been discussed. =nly 3sraelites from the house of ;udah and the dispersed house of 3srael had been under !ah#eh"s la#.

G(

The second clue is that !ahshua came to +redeem them that #ere under the la#., Note that this verse says nothing about redeeming those #ho #ere not under the la#. Several passages from both the =ld and Ne# Testaments alike cited in Chapter 6 *page CC0 demonstrate that it #as 3sraelites not non73sraelites #hom !ahshua came to redeem. =nly 3sraelites #ho had been the possession of !ah#eh and #ho had subse9uently been sold by !ah#eh could be bought back or redeemed by !ah#eh. $hen the #ord +redemption , or some form thereof is used in the .ible in relation to a specific people it is always associated #ith the nation of 3srael. Aedemption belongs eEclusively to the nation of 3srael. Therefore biblical eEegesis reveals that Daul #rote the -alatian epistle to born7again -reek7speaking 3sraelites residing in the country of -alatia one of the countries to #hich the dispersed 3sraelites had migrated as prophesied by Ahijah. The third clue is found in the #ord +adoption., To #hom did the Apostle Daul say that biblical adoption belongs@
?my brethren my kinsmen according to the flesh& $ho are %sraelitesL to who$ pertaineth the adoption and the glory and the covenants and the giving of the la# and the service of -od and the promises. 4 Aomans 8&B7C

Despite the common belief that anyone from any race can receive biblical adoption the Apostle Daul #rote that adoption pertains to 3sraelites. Therefore the -reeks or the gentiles in -alatians B must be the nations of the divorced and scattered house of 3srael. The conteEt of -alatians B identifies the -reeks as 3sraelites. This conclusion is supported by the fact that Daul first identified himself and the Corinthian Christians as descendants of =ld Covenant 3sraelites&
Moreover brethren 3 #ould not that ye should be ignorant ho# that all o"r fathers #ere under the cloud and all passed through the seaL and #ere all baptiHed unto Moses in the cloud and in the sea. 4 ( Corinthians (N&(7/

This passage is referring to 3sraelites #hom Moses led out of Fgypt and from #hom Daul and the Corinthians #ere descended. T#o chapters later Daul uses the same phrase +;udahites or -reeks, to identify himself and the Corinthian 3sraelite gentiles to #hom he #as #riting&
1or by one Spirit we were all apti'ed into one ody whether !"dahites or Greeks #hether slaves or free and #e #ere all made to drink of one Spirit. 4 ( Corinthians (/&(B7(C NAS<

The -reeks in ( Corinthians (/ and -alatians B are not non73sraelite gentiles. They are the scattered nations of the house of 3srael. The Apostle ;ohn confirmed this identification&
The ;udahites therefore said to one another +$here does this man O!ahshuaP intend to go that #e shall not find %im@ +e is not intending to go to the Dispersion OdiasporaP a$ong the Greeks and teach the Greeks is %e@, 4 ;ohn G&B5 NAS<

*tron!s +oncordance defines diaspora as 3sraelite residents in gentile countries.(I( The ;udahites 9uestioning !ahshua identified certain -reeks as 3sraelites #ho had been dispersed among the non73sraelite -reek nations. ;ohn (/ provides additional evidence of 3sraelites #ho #ere kno#n as -reeks&
And there #ere certain Greeks a$ong the$ that ca$e "p to worship at the feast & The same came therefore to Dhilip #hich #as of .ethsaida of -alilee and desired him

G/

saying Sir we wo"ld see 4ahsh"a. Dhilip cometh and telleth Andre#& and again Andre# and Dhilip tell !ahshua. And 4ahsh"a answered the$ saying The ho"r is co$e that the Son of $an sho"ld e glorified. 4 ;ohn (/&/N7/B

3t is highly improbable that non73sraelites #ould have sought !ahshua at an 3sraelite festival. !ahshua eEplained this event as a sign that %is time to die #as at hand and according to the =ld Testament prophets one of the principal reasons for !ahshua"s death burial and resurrection #as to reunite the house of 3srael #ith the house of ;udah. The conteEt of these four verses begins #ith verses (/7(5 concerning Qechariah"s prophecy about !ahshua"s triumphant entry into ;erusalem. This prophecy by Qechariah *8&87(N0 is one of the prophecies concerning the reuniting of the t#o houses of 3srael. Therefore these -reeks" desire to see !ahshua #as indicative that the house of 3srael #ho #as among the -reek7speaking nations #as being prepared to be reunited #ith the house of ;udah by returning to !ah#eh. 3n The 'istory o( &srael %einrich F#ald #rote about the 3sraelite dispersion into the -reek #orld&
3t is some#hat difficult to survey all the foreign cities and countries to #hich ? the Sa$aritans ? made themselves settled homes. Fven before AleEander many #ere already living dispersed among the heathen in all 9uarters. 1rom the countries beyond the Fuphrates and Tigris #here large numbers had continued to reside ever since the Assyrian and .abylonian days ? they spread one by one?. The $ain strea$ of the dispersion ran ? thro"gh the do$inions of the r"ling nation first of the Macedonian7Greeks and then of the Ro$ans. Many others settled in 6hoenicia and northern Syria partic"larly in the n"$ero"s towns fo"nded or reno)ated in theses regions y the Greeks.(I/

3n addition to the previous three clues note the emphasis placed upon the #ords +if, and +then, in verse /8 of -alatians B&
And if ye e Christ"s then are ye * raha$"s seed and heirs according to the pro$ise. 4 -alatians B&/8

According to the Apostle Daul in Aomans 8&B7C the promises belong to 3srael. Therefore -alatians B&/8 can no# be correctly understood to say& =nly 3sraelites either ;udahites or -reeks #ho belong to !ahshua the Christ are reckoned as true heirs of Abraham according to the promise. -alatians B&/8 #as #ritten for ;udahites #ho #ere under the mistaken notion that simply being a physical descendant of the house of ;udah #as all that #as re9uired to be an heir of the promise. 3n rebuttal Daul pointed out that physical descent #as not enough under the Ne# Covenant. The physical descendants of Abraham are considered +heirs according to the promise, only if they are also spiritual sons of Abraham through salvation in !ahshua the Christ.) *)Mark (I&(57(I Acts /&BI7C( Acts //&(7(I Aomans I&B7C -alatians B&/I7/G and ( Deter B&/( should be studied #hen considering #hat our response should be to !ahshua"s gospel call of salvation.(IB0 This does not mean that non73sraelites cannot join themselves to !ah#eh and become proselytes to the covenants that belong to the 3sraelites and receive benefits derived from those covenants.) *)See AppendiE / 4 !ah#eh"s Dlan for .elieving Non73sraelites.0 %o#ever a person does not have to distort -alatians B&/I7/8 in order to prove this point. 3n conclusion Daul makes it clear to #hom he #as addressing this epistle&

GB

1or ye are all the children of -od by faith in Christ !ahshua. 1or as many of yo" as have been baptiHed into Christ have put on Christ. 4 -alatians B&/I7/G

The +ye, and +you, in verses /I and /G are identified in verse /6 as being& ;udahites that is descendants of the house of ;udah and -reeks that is descendants of the house of 3srael #ho #ere formerly under !ah#eh"s la# divorced by !ah#eh and dispersed to -alatia #hom !ahshua came to redeem and to #hom belongs the adoption and the promise. Does -alatians B&/I7/8 spiritualiHe 3srael@ 3t certainly does but not in the sense that it is generally thought. This passage is declaring that only ;acob"s racial descendants #ho have also become spiritual descendants through salvation in !ahshua the Christ are Abraham"s true descendants and therefore heirs of the promise. They are +the 3srael of -od, as depicted in -alatians I&(I. There is indeed a spiritual 3srael today. .ut it is not out of all nationsL it is out of the nation of 3srael.

&ther Rele)ant Script"res

T#o other passages deserve consideration because they are also used to incorrectly teach a spiritual 3srael from all nations and races #ho have been saved in !ahshua. Ro$ans 2&2:72;
1or he is not a ;udahite #hich is one out#ardlyL neither is that circumcision #hich is out#ard in the flesh& .ut he is a ;udahite #hich is one in#ardlyL and circumcision is that of the heart in the spirit and not in the letterL #hose praise is not of men but of -od.

This teEt is usually misapplied to ;udahites and gentiles alike. .ut even if Daul #ere addressing these statements to gentiles in Aomans 8&/C7/I he identifies those gentiles as 3sraelites that is descendants from the house of 3srael 2 see Chapter I *pages /57/80. Aomans /&/67/8 has nothing to do #ith gentiles. Daul #as addressing his fello# ;udahites #ho held the same erroneous outlook as previously described in the preceding study of -alatians B. These ;udahites assumed their racial ties to Abraham alone #ere sufficient to make them acceptable to !ah#eh. Daul #as not telling non73sraelites that they could become spiritual ;udahites. 3nstead he #as telling the ;udahites that unless their hearts #ere circumcised by !ahshua they #ere not true ;udahites in %is sight. Ro$ans ;&/
Not as though the #ord of -od hath taken none effect. 1or they are not all 3srael #hich are of 3srael.

There are t#o #ays in #hich this verse by itself is interpreted& (. 3srael is composed of more than just racial 3sraelites. /. Not all racial 3sraelites are considered true 3srael. Note that option ( implies an inclusion or an addition of people and option / implies an eEclusion or a subtraction of people. $e must allo# the conteEt to determine the correct interpretation. Does the conteEt include or eEclude people@ <erses G7/G make it clear that Daul"s intent #as an eEclusion of people.

GC

1irst in verses G78 the racial line of 3shmael is eEcluded from Abraham"s seed. NeEt in verses (N7(B the racial line of Fsau is eEcluded. <erses (C7// eEplain !ah#eh"s sovereign right to eEclude #homever %e #ishes. And finally in verses /B7/G the majority of 3sraelites from both the house of ;udah and the house of 3srael are also eEcluded. Daul"s point in verses I7/I #as to illustrate that +though the number of the children of 3srael be as the sand of the sea a remnant shall be saved, 4 verse /G. 3n other #ords +they are not all 3srael #hich are of 3srael , or in other #ords not all 3sraelites are considered 3srael in !ah#eh"s sight. This conclusion harmoniHes perfectly #ith #hat has already been determined from -alatians B&/I7/8 and Aomans /&/67/8.) *)Most of his appendiE is taken from a booklet entitled *piritual &sraelA Out o( $ll Nations or Out o( the Nation o( &srael/ by Ted A. $eiland.(IC0

*ppendi, 2 4ahweh"s 6lan for Belie)ing 2on7%sraelites

Many of the =ld and Ne# Testament passages used by modern Christendom to promote salvation for non73sraelites do not pertain to non73sraelites. This misuse of scripture is often a conse9uence of misapplying the term +gentiles., There are biblical passages ho#ever that un9uestionably relate to non73sraelites and their relationship #ith !ah#eh. The follo#ing list is by no means eEhaustive but it should provide ade9uate scriptural evidence to demonstrate that non73sraelites can indeed have a relationship #ith !ah#eh&
And he that is eight days old shall be circumcised among you Othe nation of 3sraelP every man child in your generations he that is born in the house or bought #ith money of any stranger Onekar) *)3n this and some of the passages included herein the Fnglish #ords +stranger, and +foreigner, are translations of four different %ebre# #ords 4 + r 0n, *nekar0 +yr] =12h, *nokriy0 +rg, *!er0 and +/30o4, *towsha"0 sometimes used interchangeably.0P #hich is not of thy seed. 4 -enesis (G&(/ And !ah#eh said unto Moses and Aaron This is the ordinance of the passover& There shall no OuncircumcisedP stranger eat thereof& .ut every man"s servant that is bought for money #hen thou hast circumcised him then shall he eat thereof. A foreigner O towsha"P and an hired OuncircumcisedP servant shall not eat thereof?. All the congregation of Othe nation ofP 3srael shall keep it. And #hen a stranger O !erP shall sojourn #ith thee and #ill keep the passover to !ah#eh let all his males be circumcised and then let him come near and keep itL and he shall be as one that is born in the land& for no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof. =ne la# shall be to him that is homeborn Oan 3sraeliteP and unto the stranger O!erP that sojourneth among you. 4 FEodus (/&CB7C8 ?At the end of every seven years in the solemnity of the year of release in the feast of tabernacles #hen all 3srael is come to appear before !ah#eh thy -od in the place #hich he shall choose thou shalt read this la# before all 3srael in their hearing. -ather the people together men and #omen and children and thy stranger O !erP that is #ithin thy gates that they may hear and that they may learn and fear !ah#eh your -od and observe to do all the #ords of this la#. 4 Deuteronomy B(&(N7(/ Moreover concerning a stranger OnokriyP that is not of thy people 3srael but cometh out of a far country for thy O!ah#eh"sP name"s sakeL *1or they shall hear of thy great name and of thy strong hand and of thy stretched out armL0 #hen he shall come and pray to#ard this house Othe temple of !ah#ehPL hear thou in heaven thy d#elling place and do according to all that the stranger OnokriyP calleth to thee for& that all people of the earth may kno# thy name to fear thee as do thy people 3sraelL and that they may kno# that this house #hich 3 have builded is called by thy name?. And let these my #ords #here#ith 3 O:ing SolomonP have made supplication before !ah#eh be nigh unto

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!ah#eh our -od day and night that he maintain the cause of his servant and the cause of his people 3srael at all times as the matter shall re9uire& That all the people of the earth may kno# that !ah#eh is -od and that there is none else. 4 ( :ings 6&C(7IN All the ends of the #orld shall remember and turn unto !ah#eh& and all the kindreds of the nations shall #orship before thee. 2 Dsalm //&/G All nations #hom thou hast made shall come and #orship before thee = >ordL and shall glorify thy name. 4 Dsalm 6I&8 And it shall come to pass in the last days that the mountain of !ah#eh"s house shall be established in the top of the mountains ? and all nations shall flo# unto it. And many people shall go and say Come ye and let us go up to the mountain of !ah#eh to the house of the -od of ;acobL and he #ill teach us of his #ays and #e #ill #alk in his paths& for out of Qion shall go forth the la# and the #ord of !ah#eh from ;erusalem. 4 3saiah /&/7B Neither let the son of the stranger OnekarP that hath joined himself to !ah#eh speak saying !ah#eh hath utterly separated me from his people Othe nation of 3sraelP?. Also the sons of the stranger OnekarP that join themselves to !ah#eh to serve him and to love the name of !ah#eh to be his servants every one that keepeth the sabbath from polluting it and taketh hold of my covenantL even them #ill 3 bring to my holy mountain and make them joyful in my house of prayer& their burnt offerings and their sacrifices shall be accepted upon mine altarL for mine house shall be called an house of prayer for all people. The >ord !ah#eh #hich gathereth the outcasts of 3srael saith !et #ill 3 gather others Onon73sraelitesP to him beside those O3sraelitesP that are gathered unto him. 4 3saiah 5I&B76 3 ODanielP sa# in the night visions and behold one like the Son of man came #ith the clouds of heaven and came to the Ancient of days and they brought him near before him. And there #as given him dominion and glory and a kingdom that all people nations and languages should serve him& his dominion is an everlasting dominion?. 4 Daniel G&(B7(C Again the kingdom of heaven is like unto treasure Othe nation of 3sraelP hid in a fieldL the #hich #hen a man O!ahshuaP hath found he hideth and for joy thereof goeth and selleth all that he hath and buyeth that field Othe #orldP. 4 Matthe# (B&CC And !ahshua came and spake unto them saying All po#er is given unto me in heaven and in earth. -o ye therefore and teach all nations baptiHing ONe# Covenant circumcision 4 Colossians /&((7(/P them in the name of the 1ather and of the Son and of the %oly -host& Teaching them to observe all things #hatsoever 3 have commanded you& and lo 3 am #ith you al#ays even unto the end of the #orld. Amen. 4 Matthe# /6&(67/N And he said unto them -o ye into all the #orld and preach the gospel to every creature. %e that believeth and is baptiHed ONe# Covenant circumcision 2 Colossians /&((7(/P shall be savedL but he that believeth not shall be damned. 4 Mark (I&(57(I And said unto them Thus it is #ritten and thus it behoved Christ to suffer and to rise from the dead the third day& And that repentance and remission of sins should be preached in his name among all nations beginning at ;erusalem. 4 >uke /C&CI7CG The neEt day ;ohn seeth !ahshua coming unto him and saith .ehold the >amb of -od #hich taketh a#ay the sin of the #orld. 4 ;ohn (&/8

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1or -od so loved the #orld that he gave his only begotten Son that #hosoever believeth in him should not perish but have everlasting life. 1or -od sent not his Son into the #orld to condemn the #orldL but that the #orld through him might be saved. 4 ;ohn B&(I7 (G No# if the fall of them Othe ;udahitesP be the riches of the #orld Onon73sraelitesP and the diminishing of them Othe ;udahitesP the riches of the -entiles O3sraelitesPL ho# much more their fulness@ 4 Aomans ((&(/ My little children these things #rite 3 unto you that ye sin not. And if any man sin #e have an advocate #ith the 1ather !ahshua Christ the righteous& And he is the propitiation for our sins& and not for ours only but also for the sins of the #hole #orld. 4 ( ;ohn /&(7/ And 3 sa# another angel fly in the midst of heaven having the everlasting gospel to preach unto them that d#ell on the earth and to every nation and kindred and tongue and people Saying #ith a loud voice 1ear -od and give glory to himL for the hour of his judgment is come& and #orship him that made heaven and earth and the sea and the fountains of #aters. 4 Aevelation (C&I7G $ho shall not fear thee = >ord and glorify thy name@ 1or thou only art holy& for all nations shall come and #orship before theeL for thy judgments are made manifest. 4 Aevelation (5&C

Although these passages indicate that non73sraelites may entreat praise and join themselves to !ah#eh none of them nullify !ah#eh"s special and eEclusive marital relationship #ith Christian 3srael. 1urthermore these Scriptures do not annul the adoption the glory the covenants the la# the service of -od and the promises that belong to the nation of 3srael listed in Aomans 8&B75. Non73sraelites #ho join themselves to !ah#eh are simply proselytes to the covenants that belong to the 3sraelites and they are therefore able to share in some of the benefits thereof. These Scriptures do not invalidate !ah#eh"s la#s of segregation in FEodus BB&(I >eviticus /N&/C7/I Numbers /B&8 Deuteronomy B/&6 ( :ings 6&5(75B Nehemiah 8&/ (N&/67/8 %osea G&678 Acts (G&/I and others.(I5 The gospel message proclaimed to all nations should incorporate all of !ah#eh"s moral la#s including those concerning segregation and miscegenation.(II .ecause sin is a transgression of the la# *( ;ohn B&C0 and because !ah#eh gave %is la# to only 3sraelites *Deuteronomy BB&CL Dsalm G6&5L (CG&(87/NL Aomans 8&B7C0 the 9uestion arises #hether only 3sraelites need to be saved from their sins. $hen non73sraelites sojourned in the land of 3srael they #ere accountable to the same la#s that governed 3srael. 3f they transgressed those la#s they became sinners in !ah#eh"s sight and #ere liable to the judgment prescribed in those la#s. The same principle #ould apply to non73sraelites #ho join themselves in covenant #ith !ah#eh and voluntarily place themselves under %is la#s #hether sojourning #ith 3srael or not. .y doing so they become accountable to those la#s and therefore sinners in need of a Savior. The theological position that non73sraelites can share in salvation is often misidentified as universalism or universal reconciliation. $hile the foregoing scriptures do indicate that non7 3sraelites can join themselves to !ah#eh if called by %im they do not teach the unscriptural doctrine that e,eryone #ill be reconciled #ith !ah#eh at some future time.(IG Aead more at ###.missiontoisrael.orgK

So"rce 2otes

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(. Sir $alter Scott The Monastery 9uoted by ;ohn .artlett 1amiliar Ruotations 1ourteenth Fdition *.oston MA& >ittle .ro#n and Company (8I60 p. 5/(. /. 1or a more thorough eEplanation concerning the use of the sacred names of -od The Third +o%%and%ent may be read at ###.missiontoisrael.orgKBrdcom7pt(.html or Thou shalt not take the na%e o( Yahweh thy God in ,ain by Ted A. $eiland may ordered as a book from Mission to 3srael Ministries D= .oE /C6 Scottsbluff Nebraska I8BIB for a suggested VC donation. B. +Mystery Story , The $orld .ook Fncyclopedia *Chicago 3>& 1ield Fnterprises Fducational Corporation (8IB0 <olume (/ p. 6(/. C. 1or more information concerning baptism and its relationship to salvation Baptis% "y the *criptures may be read at ###.missiontoisrael.orgKbaptismbythescriptures.html or it may be ordered as a free tract from Mission to 3srael Ministries D= .oE /C6 Scottsbluff Nebraska I8BIB. 5. &sraels &dentityA &t 0attersE by Ted A. $eiland ans#ers the 9uestion +$hat difference does it make@, &t 0attersE may be read at ###.missiontoisrael.orgKit7matters.html or it may be ordered from Mission to 3srael Ministries D= .oE /C6 Scottsbluff Nebraska I8BIB for a suggested VB donation. I. 1oy $allace ;r. -od"s Drophetic $ord *1t. $orth TT& F. $allace Dublications (8CI0 p. CN/. G. +;e# , The Ne# Jnger"s .ible Dictionary *Chicago 3>& Moody Dress (8650 p. I66. 6. +;e# , Ne# .ible Dictionary *$heaton 3>& Tyndale %ouse Dublishers 3nc. (86/0 p. 58B. 8. +;e# , A Ne# Standard .ible Dictionary *Ne# !ork N!& 1unk U $agnalls Company (8BI0 pp. C5B7C5C. (N. +;e# , Deloubet"s .ible Dictionary *Ne# !ork N!& %olt Ainehart and $inston (8CG0 p. B(I. ((. +3dentity Crisis , The ;e#ish Almanac compiled and edited by Aichard Siegel and Carl Aheins *Ne# !ork N!& .antam .ooks (86N0 p. B. (/. ;ames :ennedy Character U Destiny& A Nation in Search of 3ts Soul *-rand Aapids M3& Qondervan Dublishing %ouse (88C0 p. (I5. (B. Dat Aobertson The Ne# $orld =rder& 3t $ill Change the $ay !ou >ive *Dallas TT& $ord Dublishing (88(0 p. /5N. (C. Tim >a%aye Aapture under Attack& $ill !ou Fscape the Tribulation@ *Sisters =A& Multnomah Dublishers (8860 p. /BB. (5. Alfred M. >ilienthal $hat Drice 3srael *Chicago 3>& %enry Aegnery Company (85B0 p. /(I. (I. Michael -rant +AppendiE (( The Names of the Country and the Deople , The %istory of Ancient 3srael *Ne# !ork N!& Charles Scribner"s Sons (86C0 pp. /6B7/6C.

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(G. Aabbi Flmer .erger A Dartisan %istory of ;udaism *Ne# !ork N!& The Devin7Adair Company (85(0 p. B/. (6. 1lavius ;osephus ;osephus +The Anti9uities of the ;e#s, *-rand Aapids M3& :regel Dublications (8IN0 .ook T3 Chapter < <erse G p. /BI. (8. 1oy $allace ;r. -od"s Drophetic $ord *1t. $orth TT& F. $allace Dublications (8CI0 p. CN(. /N. ;ames =rr +3srael %istory of , The 3nternational Standard .ible Fncyclopaedia *-rand Aapids M3& $m. .. Ferdman"s Dublishing Co. (8B80 <olume 333 p. (5/I. /(. Aobert ;amieson A.A. 1ausset and David .ro#n A Commentary Critical FEperimental and Dractical on the =ld and Ne# Testaments *-rand Aapids M3& $m. .. Ferdman"s Dublishing Co. (8IG0 <olume 33 pp. 56B756C. //. Adam Clarke Clarke"s Commentary *Ne# !ork N!& >ane U Scott (65N0 <olume 3< p. 5/I. /B. ;amieson 1ausset and .ro#n <olume 3< p. BCI. /C. 1lavius ;osephus ;osephus +Anti9uities of the ;e#s, *-rand Aapids M3& :regel Dublications (8IN0 .ook T3 Chapter < <erse / p. /BC. /5. Adolf Neubauer +$here are the Ten Tribes@ , The ;e#ish Ruarterly Aevie# *Ne# !ork N!& :tav Dublishing %ouse 3nc. (6680 <olume 3 pp. (57(I. /I. Aabbi 3saac >eeser Discourses Argumentative and Devotional on the Subject of the ;e#ish Aeligion *Dhiladelphia DA& %as#ell and 1leu (6BI0 <olume 33 p. /5. /G. Neubauer pp. (G7(6. /6. Abraham !agel .eth hal7>ebanon 9uoted by Adolf Neubauer +$here are the Ten Tribes@ , The ;e#ish Ruarterly Aevie# *Ne# !ork N!& :tav Dublishing %ouse 3nc. (6680 <olume 3< p. C(/. /8. ;esse >yman %urlbut %urlbut"s Story of the .ible *Dhiladelphia DA& The 3nternational Dress (8B/0 p. C(8. BN. Aobert !oung +;e# , Analytical Concordance to the .ible *Ne# !ork N!& 1unk and $agnall"s Company T#entieth American Fdition0 p. 5CC. B(. +3dentity Crisis , The ;e#ish Almanac compiled and edited by Aichard Siegel and Carl Aheins *Ne# !ork N!& .antam .ooks (86N0 p. B. B/. >eo %eiman +The ;e#s That Maybe Aren"t , San Diego Jnion /6 August (8II. BB. Gods +o,enant PeopleA Yesterday) Today and 8ore,er by Ted A. $eiland reveals from the testimony of the ;e#s themselves that most of today"s ;e#s are not 3sraelites. Most of Gods +o,enant People may be read at ###.missiontoisrael.orgKgods7covenant7peopleK tableofcontents.html or it may be obtained in its entirety from Mission to 3srael Ministries D=

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.oE /C6 Scottsbluff Nebraska I8BIB for a suggested donation of V/B *hard cover0 or V(C *soft cover0. BC. .enjamin %. 1reedman +Fconomic Council >etter No (GG *=ctober (5 (8CG0 , Dalestine *Ne# !ork N!& National Fconomic Council 3nc. (8CG0 9uoted in Destiny MagaHine /6 ;anuary (8C6. B5. %erbert -eorge $ells The =utline of %istory *Ne# !ork N!& The Macmillan Dublishing Company 3nc. (8/B0 p. C8C. BI. -eorge >. Aobinson +Archaeological Supplement , The Master .ible p. (B867-. BG. Arthur :oestler The Thirteenth Tribe *Ne# !ork N!& Aandom %ouse (8GI0 p. (88. B6. Aabbi Morris N. :ertHer $hat 3s a ;e#@ *Ne# !ork N!& Collier .ooks (8IN0 p. /NB. B8. ;ack .ernstein as told to >en Martin The >ife of an American ;e# in Aacist MarEist 3srael *Costa Mesa CA& The Noontide Dress (88(0 p. /N. CN. :oestler p. (G. C(. :oestler p. CI. C/. :oestler p. G/. CB. :oestler p. (5(. CC. Who is Esau4Edo%/ by Charles A. $eisman *.urnsville MN& $eisman Dublications (88(0 presents numerous Fdomite characteristics found in the :haHars and in their modern ;e#ish descendants. C5. +ChaHars , The ;e#ish Fncyclopedia *Ne# !ork N!& 1unk and $agnalls Company (8N50 <olume 3< p. B. CI. +Fdom , Fncyclopaedia ;udaica *;erusalem 3srael& Fncyclopaedia ;udaica Company (8G(0 <olume I p. BG6. CG. +Fdom 3dumea , The ;e#ish Fncyclopedia *Ne# !ork U >ondon& 1unk and $agnalls Company (8NC0 <olume < p. C(. C6. Cecil Aoth and -eoffrey $igoden +Fdom *3dumea0 , The Ne# Standard ;e#ish Fncyclopedia *-arden City N!& Doubleday U Company 3nc. (8GG0 p. 568. C8. 1lavius ;osephus +The Anti9uities of the ;e#s , ;osephus *-rand Aapids M3& :regel Dublications (8IN0 .ook T333 Chapter 3T <erse ( p. /G8. 5N. %ugo $inckler and >eonard $illiam :ing +The %ebre# Deoples , %arms#orth %istory of the $orld by Arthur Mee Sir ;ohn AleEander %ammerton and Arthur Donald 3nnes *>ondon Fngland& Carmelite %ouse (8N60 <olume B p. (GGI.

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5(. ;ames Strong +la5r0)= y, +Dictionary of the %ebre# .ible , The Ne# Strong"s FEhaustive Concordance of the .ible *Nashville TN& Thomas Nelson Dublishers (88N0 p. 5B. 5/. $alter %utchinson %utchinson"s %istory of the Nations *>ondon Fngland& %utchinson U Company (8(C0 <olume 33 p. 5BN. 5B. +Tribes >ost Ten , The ;e#ish Fncyclopedia *Ne# !ork and >ondon& 1unk and $agnalls Company (8N50 <olume T33 p. /C8. 5C. 0issin! Links Disco,ered in $ssyrian Ta"lets by F. Aaymond Capt is available from Mission to 3srael Ministries D= .oE /C6 Scottsbluff Nebraska I8BIB for a suggested V(N donation. 55. +-entiles , The $estminster Dictionary of the .ible *Dhiladelphia DA& The $estminster Dress (8CC0 p. (88. 5I. +-entile , The Ne# Jnger"s .ible Dictionary *Chicago 3>& Moody Dress (8II0 p. CI5. 5G. +-entiles , 1ausset"s .ible Dictionary *-rand Aapids M3& Qondervan Dublishing %ouse (8IB0 p. B(I. 56. Tim >a%aye Aapture under Attack& $ill !ou Fscape the Tribulation@ *Sisters =A& Multnomah Dublishers (8860 p. /BB. 58. Aandy Shupe +-od"s Dispensational Truth , The Drophetic $ord *Arvada C=& Apostolic Missions 3nc. (88G0 ;anuary p. B. IN. %enry Morris Dh.D. +%eathen Darkness , Days of Draise *Santee CA& 3nstitute for Creation Aesearch0. I(. Anton Darms The Delusion of .ritish73sraelism& A Comprehensive Treatise *Ne# !ork N!& >oiHeauE .rothers .ible Truth Dress (8CN0 pp. G/7GB. I/. ;oseph %enry Thayer +e)qno$ , The Ne# Thayer"s -reek7Fnglish >eEicon *Deabody MA& %endrickson Dublishers (8G80 p. (I6. IB. :arl >ud#ig Schmidt +e)qno$ , Theological Dictionary of the Ne# Testament -erhard :ittel editor *-rand Aapids M3& $m. .. Ferdmans Dublishing Company (8IC0 <olume 33 p. BI8. IC. 1rancis .ro#n S.A. Driver Charles A. .riggs $illiam -esenius +yogl , The Ne# .ro#n7 Driver7.riggs7-esenius %ebre#7Fnglish >eEicon *Deabody MA& %endrickson Dublishers (8G80 p. (5I. I5. +-entiles , The 3nternational Standard .ible Fncyclopaedia *-rand Aapids M3& $m. .. Ferdman"s Dublishing Co. (8B80 <olume 33 p. (/(5. II. +-entiles , The Qondervan Dictorial .ible Dictionary *-rand Aapids M3& Qondervan Dublishing %ouse (8IG0 p. BNG.

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IG. +-entiles , Nelson"s Ne# 3llustrated .ible Dictionary *Nashville TN& Thomas Nelson Dublishers (8850 p. C6G. I6. +-entiles , The Jniversal ;e#ish Fncyclopedia *Ne# !ork N!& The Jniversal ;e#ish Fncyclopedia 3nc. (8C(0 <olume C p. 5BB. I8. +-entile , The ;e#ish Fncyclopedia *Ne# !ork N!& 1unk and $agnalls Company (8N50 <olume < p. I(5. GN. +Min *pl. Minim0 , The ;e#ish Fncyclopedia *Ne# !ork N!& 1unk and $agnalls Company (8N50 <olume <333 p. 58C. G(. ;oseph %enry Thayer +e)qno$ , The Ne# Thayer"s -reek7Fnglish >eEicon *Deabody MA& %endrickson Dublishers (8G80 p. (I6. G/. +3srael , 1ausset"s .ible Dictionary *-rand Aapids M3& Qondervan Dublishing %ouse (8IB0 p. B(G. GB. +FHekiel .ook =f , Nelson"s Ne# 3llustrated .ible Dictionary *Nashville TN& Thomas Nelson Dublishers (8850 p. CB/. GC. The Dulpit Commentary *-rand Aapids M3& $m. .. Ferdmans Dublishing Company (8I/0 <olume (6 p. /I8. G5. +3srael %istory of , Nelson"s Ne# 3llustrated .ible Dictionary *Nashville TN& Thomas Nelson Dublishers (8850 p. I(6. GI. +3srael , The Ne# Jnger"s .ible Dictionary *Chicago 3>& Moody Dress (8650 p. IB5. GG. Adam Clarke Clarke"s Commentary *Ne# !ork N!& >ane U Scott (65N0 <olume < p. IN5. G6. 1or more information concerning baptism as it relates to salvation Baptis% "y the *criptures may be read at ###.missiontoisrael.orgKbaptismbythescriptures.html or it is available as a free tract from Mission to 3srael D= .oE /C6 Scottsbluff Nebraska I8BIB. G8. ;ames Strong +a%$ , +Dictionary of the %ebre# .ible , The Ne# Strong"s FEhaustive Concordance of the .ible *Nashville TN& Thomas Nelson Dublishers (88N0 p. II. 6N. ;ames Strong +plh/rw$a , +Dictionary of the -reek Testament , The Ne# Strong"s FEhaustive Concordance of the .ible *Nashville TN& Thomas Nelson Dublishers (88N0 p. 56. 6(. Speaker"s Commentary <olume 5 p. (NI 9uoted in +The M-entiles" 3n -od"s Dlan , ###.israelite.caK=nlinestudiesWfilesK-entiles.htm. 6/. %enry M. Morris +$ritten for =ur >earning , Days of Draise *Santee CA& 3nstitute for Creation Aesearch /NNC0 March B( /NNC. 6B. ;ames Strong +dia!pora , +Dictionary of the -reek Testament , The Ne# Strong"s FEhaustive Concordance of the .ible *Nashville TN& Thomas Nelson Dublishers (88N0 p. /B.

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6C. ;ames Strong +parepide$o! , +Dictionary of the -reek Testament , The Ne# Strong"s FEhaustive Concordance of the .ible *Nashville TN& Thomas Nelson Dublishers (88N0 p. 55. 65. ;oseph %enry Thayer +parepide$o! , The Ne# Thayer"s -reek7Fnglish >eEicon *Deabody MA& %endrickson Dublishers (86(0 p. C66. 6I. 1lavius ;osephus ;osephus +Anti9uities of the ;e#s, *-rand Aapids M3& :regel Dublications (8IN0 .ook T3 Chapter < <erse / p. /BC. 6G. +The 3sraelites 1ound in the Anglo7SaEons , ;e#ish Chronicle *>ondon Fngland0 / May (6G8 p. B. 66. The Dulpit Commentary *-rand Aapids M3& $m. .. Ferdman"s Dublishing Company (8I/0 <olume (6 p. /I8. 68. ;oseph %enry Thayer +a)po atalla/)h , The Ne# Thayer"s -reek7Fnglish >eEicon *Deabody MA& %endrickson Dublishers (86(0 p. IB. 8N. C.1. :eil and 1. DelitHsch +The Drophecies of ;eremiah , Commentary on the =ld Testament *-rand Aapids M3& $illiam .. Ferdmans Dublishing Company (8GB0 <olume <333 p. C(. 8(. .ible :no#ledge Commentary *c0 (86B /NNN Cook Communications Ministries. 8/. Aobert ;amieson A.A. 1ausset and David .ro#n A Commentary Critical FEperimental and Dractical on the =ld and Ne# Testaments *-rand Aapids M3& $m. .. Ferdman"s Dublishing Co. (8IG0 <olume 3< p. (N8. 8B. Most of Gods +o,enant People may be read at ###.missiontoisrael.orgKgods7covenant7 peopleK tableofcontents.html or it may be obtained in its entirety from Mission to 3srael Ministries D= .oE /C6 Scottsbluff Nebraska I8BIB for a suggested donation of V/B *hard cover0 or V(C *soft cover0. 8C. Moses -uibbory The .ible in the %ands of 3ts CreatorsL .iblical 1acts As They Are translated from %ebre# by David %oro#itH *;erusalem and Ne# !ork& The Dolygon Dress 3nc. (8CB0 p. (66(. 85. Alfred M. >ilienthal $hat Drice 3srael *Chicago 3>& %enry Aegnery Company (85B0 p. //B. 8I. %arry >e#is -olden +=nly in America& The (N >ost Tribes , %eritage South#est ;e#ish Dress /N April (8IG <olume 5G/G No. B( pp. ( BC. 8G. Dr. Alfred M. >ilienthal Middle Fast Terror 4 The Double Standard& Address *$ashington DC& The BNth Anniversary 1und Dhi .eta :appa Association (8650 p. 5. 86. Ne# !ork City Mayor Fd :och 9uoted by Aichard Dre# in +.egorra it"s Mr. Mayor , Dicture of the $eek J.S. Ne#s and $orld Aeport BN March (86G p. G. 88. !air Davidy The Tribes *%ebron 3srael& Aussel7Davis Dublishers (88C0 p. Eiv. (NN. Davidy pp. (7/.

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(N(. Davidy p. G. (N/. 0issin! Links Disco,ered in $ssyrian Ta"lets by F. Aaymond Capt may be ordered from Mission to 3srael Ministries D= .oE /C6 Scottsbluff Nebraska I8BIB for a suggested V(N donation. (NB. -eorge Aa#linson %istory of %erodotus .ook <33 p. BG6 9uoted by ;.S. .rooks in a pamphlet entitled The Mystery of the Missing .ible Tribes The Aeal Diaspora p. I. (NC. -eorge Aa#linson %istory of %erodotus .ook <33 p. BG6 9uoted by ;.S. .rooks in +AppendiE B& The Dersian Monument , The Story of Celto7SaEon 3srael by $.%. .ennett *Aochester %ills M3& C.3A 2 The Servant Deople /NN/0 p. (5(. (N5. +Tribes >ost Ten , The ;e#ish Fncyclopedia *Ne# !ork U >ondon& 1unk and $agnalls Company (8NC0 <olume T33 pp. /C87/5N. (NI. ;ames Strong +W++&r)t=Y]w , +Dictionary of the %ebre# .ible , The Ne# Strong"s FEhaustive Concordance of the .ible *Nashville TN& Thomas Nelson Dublishers (88N0 p. ((N. (NG. %einrich F#ald The %istory of 3srael *>ondon& >ongmans -reen and Co. (6GC0 <olume < p. 6N. (N6. F#ald <olume < p. B5N. (N8. F#ald <olume < pp. B8I7B8G. ((N. +Fdom 3dumea , 1ausset"s .ible Dictionary *-rand Aapids M3& Qondervan Dublishing %ouse (8IB0 p. (65. (((. +Doeg , The ;e#ish Fncyclopedia *Ne# !ork N!& 1unk and $agnalls Company (8N50 <olume 3< p. IBN. ((/. +%erod , Nelson"s Ne# 3llustrated .ible Dictionary *Nashville TN& Thomas Nelson Dublishers (8850 p. 558. ((B. +Fdom 3dumea , 1ausset"s .ible Dictionary *-rand Aapids M3& Qondervan Dublishing %ouse (8IB0 p. (65. ((C. 1lavius ;osephus +The $ars of the ;e#s , ;osephus *-rand Aapids M3& :regel Dublications (8IN0 .ook 3< Chapter < <erse (7B p. 5BC. ((5. +Fdom , Fncyclopaedia ;udaica *;erusalem 3srael& Fncyclopaedia ;udaica Company (8G(0 <olume I p. BG6. ((I. +Fdom 3dumea , The ;e#ish Fncyclopedia *Ne# !ork U >ondon& 1unk and $agnalls Company (8NC0 <olume < p. C(. ((G. +Fdom *3dumea0 , The Ne# Standard ;e#ish Fncyclopedia *-arden City N!& Doubleday U Company 3nc. (8GG0 p. 568.

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((6. 1lavius ;osephus +The Anti9uities of the ;e#s, ;osephus *-rand Aapids M3& :regel Dublications (8IN0 .ook T333 Chapter 3T <erse ( p. /G8. ((8. Cecil Aoth +$estern *or #ailing0 $all , The Standard ;e#ish Fncyclopedia *-arden City N!& Doubleday U Company 3nc. (8II0 pp. (8N67(8N8. (/N. +Temple ? B. The Temple of %erod , The Jniversal ;e#ish Fncyclopedia *Ne# !ork N!& The Jniversal ;e#ish Fncyclopedia 3nc. (8CB0 <olume (N p. (85. (/(. Charles $eisman $ho is Fsau7Fdom@ *.urnsville MN& $eisman Dublications (88(0 p. 5N. (//. Arsene Darmesteter The Talmud translated from 1rench by %enrietta SHold *Dhiladelphia DA& The ;e#ish Dublication Society of America (68G0 p. G. (/B. Darmesteter pp. IN7I(. (/C. Aabbi Morris Norman :ertHer +$hat is a ;e#@ , 9uoted in >ook MagaHine (G ;une (85/ p. (/B. (/5. .enjamin %. 1reedman letter to Dr. David -oldstein >.>.D. =ctober (N (85C 1acts Are 1acts *Ne# !ork N!& .enjamin %. 1reedman (8550 p. /I. (/I. 1reedman p. CB. (/G. %erman $ouk This 3s My -od& The ;e#ish $ay of >ife *-arden City N!& Doubleday U Company 3nc. (8580 p. /NN. (/6. Aabbi Adin SteinsaltH The Fssential Talmud *Ne# !ork N!& .asic .ooks 3nc. Dublishers (8GI0 p. B. (/8. Aabbi ;acob Neusner 9uoted by Matthe# Scully in +1ace the Nation , National Aevie# 8 August (88B p. I/. (BN. Chief Aabbi ;oseph %erman %ertH fore#ord to the first edition The .abylonian Talmud *>ondon Fngland& The Soncino Dress (8B50 p. Eiii. (B(. %ertH p. EEi. (B/. Maurice Samuel !ou -entiles *Ne# !ork N!& %arcourt .race and Company (8/C0 pp. 8578I. (BB. Samuel p. 8I. (BC. Samuel pp. (5C7(55. (B5. 1reedman pp. G78. (BI. Sun THu The Art of $ar edited by ;ames Clavell *Ne# !ork N!& Delacorte Dress (86B0 p. (6.

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(BG. Aabbi Aeichhorn +1uneral =ration for -rand Aabbi Simeon7ben73huda, *(6I80 published in >a <ielle 1rance (N March (8/( and >ibre Darole /G November (8BB 9uoted in The >iberty .ell /8 March (86B p. /8. (B6. Drotocol (G Article / Sentences (7B Drotocols of the >earned Flders of Qion translated from Aussian by <ictor Fmile Marsden (8N5 and subse9uent editions reprinted *.oring =A& CDA .ooks0 p. 5N. According to Marsden the Protocols give the substance of addresses delivered at the 1irst Qionist Congress held in .asel S#itHerland in (68G under its president and the father of modern ;e#ish Qionism the late Theodor %erHl *.inyamin !e"ev0. The Protocols reveal the plan of action for Talmudic Qionism"s 9uest for #orld domination. Sergyei Nilus included the Protocols o( the Learned Elders o( 5ion as an appendiE to his book Felikoe , 0alo% B The Great in the Little) or The +o%in! o( $nti4+hrist and the Rule o( *atan on Earth #hich #as translated from Aussian by Marsden and published in Tsarskoe Selo *Dushkin0 Aussia by Tip. Tsarskoeselskago :omiteta as The #ewish PerilA The Protocols o( the Learned Elders o( 5ion and republished many times under various titles. An original copy of Nilus" book containing the Protocols is in the .ritish Museum bearing the reception date of August (N (8NI. (B8. .ernard >aHare Antisemitism& 3ts %istory and Causes *Ne# !ork N!& The 3nternational >ibrary Dublishing Company (8NB0 <olume 33 pp. (IC7(I5. (CN. >aHare p. BN/. (C(. >aHare p. BNI. (C/. >aHare pp. B(87B/N. (CB. .enjamin Disraeli >ord -eorge .entinck& A Dolitical .iography *>ondon Fngland& Archibald Constable and Company >imited (8N50 p. B/C. .enjamin Disraeli *(6NC7(66(0 #as the first and only ;e# to be Drime Minister of Fngland *(6I6 (6GC7(66N0. (CC. 3srael Shahak ;e#ish %istory ;e#ish Aeligion& The $eight of Three Thousand !ears *.rooklyn N!& .aruch SpinoHa Dress (88C0 pp. 8G786. (C5. %enry 1ord Sr. The 3nternational ;e#& The $orld"s 1oremost Droblem *Dearborn M3& The Dearborn Dublishing Company (8//0 p. CB reprinted from a series of articles appearing originally in the The Dearborn 3ndependent // May (8/N through / =ctober (8/N. (CI. 1or additional information concerning baptism and its relationship to salvation Baptis% "y the *criptures may be read at ###.missiontoisrael.orgKbaptismbythescriptures.html or it is available as a free tract from Mission to 3srael D= .oE /C6 Scottsbluff Nebraska I8BIB. (CG. Aalph $aldo Fmerson +Spiritual >a#s , Fssays 1irst and Second Series *.oston and Ne# !ork& %oughton Mifflin Company (8/80 p. (CG. (C6. >eonard C. >ee Clouds =ver America *$ashington DC& Aevie# and %erald Dublishing Association (8C60 p. G(. (C8. >ee. p. GC. (5N. >ee p. G(.

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(5(. >ee p. G5. (5/. Cornelius <anderbreggen ;r. ;ust .efore Da#n *%ia#assee -A& Aeapers 1ello#ship (8660 p. B5. (5B. Fd Moore The >ast Trump *;anuaryK1ebruary (88(0 p. G. (5C. ;ames Mc:eever The 1uture Aevealed *Medford =A& =mega Ministries0 p. CB. (55. Mc:eever p. 55. (5I. Charles D. Drovan The Church 3S 3srael No# *<allecito CA& Aoss %ouse .ooks (86G0 back cover. (5G. Dope Dius T3 The Doint *=ctober (8560 p. (6. (56. +-reece , 1ausset"s .ible Dictionary Flectronic Database Copyright *c0(886 by .iblesoft. (58. +-reeks , The Ne# .ible Dictionary *-rand Aapids M3& $m. .. Ferdmans Dublishing Co. (8G60 p. C8C. (IN. Alfred Marshall The 3nterlinear -reek7Fnglish Ne# Testament *-rand Aapids M3& Qondervan Dublishing %ouse (8560 p. GCG. (I(. ;ames Strong +dia!pora , +Dictionary of the -reek Testament , The Ne# Strong"s FEhaustive Concordance of the .ible *Nashville TN& Thomas Nelson Dublishers (88N0 p. /B. (I/. %einrich F#ald The %istory of 3srael *>ondon& >ongmans -reen and Co. (6GC0 <olume < pp. /B67/B8. (IB. 1or additional information concerning baptism and its relationship to salvation Baptis% "y the *criptures may be read at ###.missiontoisrael.orgKbaptismbythescriptures.html or it is available as a free tract from Mission to 3srael D= .oE /C6 Scottsbluff Nebraska I8BIB. (IC *piritual &srael in its entirety may be obtained from Mission to 3srael D= .oE /C6 Scottsbluff Nebraska I8BIB for a suggested VC donation. (I5. 1or additional information concerning !ah#eh"s la#s concerning segregation Thou shalt not ha,e no other !ods "e(ore %e by Ted A. $eiland may be read at ###.missiontoisrael.orgK first7commandment.html or it may be obtained from Mission to 3srael D= .oE /C6 Scottsbluff Nebraska I8BIB for a suggested VB donation. (II. 1or additional information concerning !ah#eh"s la#s regarding miscegenation The Gth +o%%and%ent by Ted A. $eiland may be read at ###.missiontoisrael.orgKGthcom7pt(.html *see particularly parts C760. (IG. The ni,ersal Reconciliation 'ypothesis under *crutiny an eight7part cassette tape series by Ted A. $eiland scripturally refutes Jniversalism. 3t may be obtained from Mission to 3srael D= .oE /C6 Scottsbluff Nebraska I8BIB for a suggested V(N donation or it may be obtained on a listen7and7return basis.

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