Annotated Bibliography Secondary: Abbott, William, "Filipino Labor Struggles in the Islands," Hawaii Pono Journal 1:3 (July

1971). This source is basically a journal of Filipino immigrant labor history in Hawaii through a journal. It captures the struggles and culture that represented the experience that Benjamin had that motivated him in a sense. A lot of details of the Hawaiian Islands harbored evidence pointing to why the rights violation occurred in accordance with Filipinos. I interpreted the culture to be a very complex and important aspect of the Filipinos and who they are. I used this to back explanation of changes that occurred not of culture itself, but of the way culture was embraced.

Alcantara, Reuben R., Sakada: Filipino Adaptation in Hawaii(Washington, D.C.: publisher, 1981). This source is a book that includes perspectives of Filipino immigrant laborers on Hawaii sugar plantations, as they coped with the plantation hierarchy. This was used in my argument, because it was totally relevant, as Benjamins background was interlocked within the Sakada generation, as well as his early ambitions. Alegado, Dean T. "Carl Damaso: A Champion of Hawaiis Working People", John Okamura (guest editor), Filipino American History: Identity and Community in Hawaii. Honolulu: Social Process in Hawaii, vol. 37, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1996, pp. 26-35. This source of print is a biography providing a story of the rights and responsibilities reforms of Carl Damaso, providing a figure that can be comparable to Benjamin Menor for further analysis. This analysis can pertain to my detailing of long- term changes that occurred as POV insight seemed to be really useful to me. Alegado, Dean T. Sinking Roots: Filipino American Legacy in Hawaii. Honolulu: Philippine Centennial Committee-Hawaii, 1998. Print.

This book provides a lot of insight for me about the factors that have decided the current Filipino status, such as plantation life and military participation with a very useful excerpt about Benjamin Menor fighting in one of the squads. This added a very authentic perspective for me when analyzing the bold choices he made in order to gradually gain social status and inspire other Filipinos.

Aloha Philippines: The Sakada Generation. Honolulu: KITV Telecast, March 14, 1996; VHS, 60 min, color with b&w sequences. This source is a 1996 TV documentary on the history of the migration of Filipino sakadas to Hawaii. Prominent Filipino-American scholars, some of whom are children of these Filipino migrant laborers, are interviewed to reflect on the Filipino experience in Hawaii. Half of the video chronicles the visit of Govenor Benjamin Cayetano to the Philippines and the tour of Manila and northern Luzon by an American TV reporter, whose own father-in-law was a migrant Filipino laborer. These POVs provided me with insight to build my argument about Benjamins journey as a Filipino coming out of rubble. Some of the accounts also pertain to the long term changes that occurred in terms of the future generations. Andaya, Leonard Y. "From American-Filipino to Filipino-American," John Okamura (ed.) Filipino American History: Identity and Community in Hawaii, vol. 37, pp. 99-111. Through this printed source, Andaya is able to tell his story about his childhood on the plantations, giving a depiction of the harsh plantation life while still promoting a unified Filipino pride that Benjamin could relate to. This POV was useful in connecting various experiences to formulate an overall argument about Benjamins constant value of Filipino Identity and community.

Aquino, Belinda A. "The Incomparable Dr. Jorge G. Camara." Hawaii Filipino Chronicle Hawaii's #1 Filipino Newspaper [Waipahu] 7 Sept. 2013: n. pag. Print. This article from this newspaper provided insight on the death of a highly acclaimed Filipino surgeon that represented Filipinos very well. This portrayed a unified pride for the Filipinos that thrive. This indicated a lot about the changes that have occurred to this day. I utilized this in my changes page as it pertained to how Benjamin was able to empower the generations following him, which is indicated by the success of the generation.

Aquino, Belinda. "The Filipino Century in Hawaii: Out of the Crucible." Filipino Centennial Souvenir Program (2006): n. pag. Filipino Centennial Celebration Commission. Web. 10 Sept. 2013. <http://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/handle/10125/15382/808.The%2 0Filipino%20Century%20in%20Hawaii%20Out%20of%20the%20Crucible.PDF? sequence=1>. This essay/ journal written by the Historian Belinda Aquino, a historian who has dedicated her life to honoring people like my grandfather couldn't have done a better job at describing the uprising of Filipinos in Hawaii such as Benjamin. It is a copy of her 2006 Filipino Centennial article providing a broad view of the Filipino experience of Hawaii, detailing their struggles, which I used for my cause page and the achievements, which I used in my changes page.

Aquino, Belinda. "Filipinos in Hawai'i | 100 Years." Filipinos in Hawai'i | 100 Years. The Honolulu Advertiser, 7 June 2005. Web. 6 Sept. 2013. This source is a webpage from the Honolulu advertiser giving a detailed timeline of the history of Filipinos in Hawaii from the early 1900s to the early 2000s. I used these details to encompass all parts of my writing (causes, reforms, effects). I especially liked and utilized the little snippet about Benjamin and his son that could be linked to my changes page and political reform linked to his democratic status.

Aquino, Belinda. "Ilocos Times - Online." Ilocos Times - Online. N.p., 2006. Web. 16 Sept. 2013. This source was useful as it gave additional information apart from the life of Benjamin Menor. The article successfully portrayed his reforms and past by comparing it to Ben Cayetano's reforms and past to show contrast in Filipino achievements. This was certainly a useful point of view to broaden the analysis within those particular pages.

Arnesen, Eric (2006), Encyclopedia of US Labor and Working Class History, Taylor & Francis, Inc., ISBN 978-0-415-96826-3.

This source of a book was useful in giving a base line to work off of in analyzing the democratic reforms that Benjamin was involved in. It depicted a broader perspective of labor that offered different angles to view Filipinos and labor. Certainly the labor classes and distinctions indicated helped me arrive at conclusions about what Filipinos were motivated to escape from and reform. "Awakening the Filipino Vote." Editorial. Hawaii Filipino Chronicle Hawaii's #1 Filipino Newspaper [Waipahu] 7 Sept. 2013: 2. Print. This editorial from a newspaper was a little off the topic of my writing but it still provided necessary insight on the status on Filipinos today in terms of their political participation. I would of course use this in my page pertaining to the changes brought up on Benjamins behalf.

Beechert, Edward D. (1985), Working in Hawaii: A Labor History, University of Hawaii Press, ISBN 0-8248-0890-8. In this source of a book, Beechert portrays the labor history related to democratic reform and rights reforms that Benjamin advocated. There is an established broad view of what the Democratic revolution meant to the working/ labor class, economically and politically in a sense. Although it is broad, it is still narrowed to a Hawaii POV.

Boylan, Dan; Holmes, T. Michael (2000), John A. Burns, University of Hawaii Press, ISBN 978-0-8248-2277-4. This book source focuses on another perspective of the reforms that occurred by shining the spotlight on Benjamins right hand man, John Burns who would push Benjamin up the ladder of success. As a pioneer of the Democratic Revolution, a lot of the information encompassing him refers to the activity pertaining to Benjamins career briefed in my democratic reform paragraph.

Bulosan, Carlos. America is in the Heart: A Personal History. New York: Harcourt, Brace & Company, 1941. Carlos depicts his story as a migrant laborer in this article source depicting the harsh conditions of plantation life (1920s to 1930s) that prompted so many like Benjamin Menor to make reforms based on these issues. This useful POV

prompted me to form opinions and arguments pertaining to the rights violations and the causes of the rights violations.

Cariaga, Roman R. "The Filipinos in Hawaii: A Survey of their Economic and Social Conditions." Masters thesis, University of Hawaii, 1936. Also published by the Filipino Public Relations Bureau, 1937. This source portrays Filipino migration and the economic and social conditions of Filipino migrant workers in the plantations in the 1930s. Cariaga claims that plantation life resulted in changes in the customs and ways of migrant Filipinos, prompting them to change the unruly hierarchical society before them. Although it is a very broad scope, it still indicates conceptual points about what Benjamin went through, what pushed him, and what he wanted to reform.

Cooper, George; Daws, Gavan (1990), Land and power in Hawaii, University of Hawaii Press, p. 4, ISBN 978-0-8248-1303-1. This print source portrays another perspective of the reforms over disputes of rights by narrowing on concepts of land and power in Hawaii. It ultimately gave me a new way to analyze the reforms ultimately connected to the labor classes and distinctions that Filipinos, such as Benjamin, had to deal with.

Dionisio, Juan, and Pepi Nieva. The Filipinos in Hawaii: The First 75 Years 1906 - 1981 (filipino Immigration to Hawaii, a Commemorative Book). N.p.: n.p., 1981. Print. I skimmed through this book, reviewing the arrival of the Filipinos to Hawaii as well as the hard plantation life. It was a special book, however, because it provided linear connections between the past and future of Filipino labor. This gave me insight when writing of the tensions causing Benjamin to want to take action and the actions he took.

THE FILIPINO CENTURY BEYOND HAWAII. Honolulu: Center for Philippine Studies, 2006. Print. This was a special source, as it was a book that included a very significant article that was written by my grandfather, the man that my writing is about. This article gave me much more "up close" and authentic perspective of his reforms and

ambitions and the events that caused those ambitions. His words provided me quotes that enrich my analysis and give the reader more in the pertaining pages.

"Filipinos in Hawaii 100 Years of Contributions to the Island's Economy Filipino Centennial Timeline." Filipinos in Hawaii 100 Years of Contributions to the Islands' Economy n.d.: 18-19. Print. This source of a magazine provided a small excerpt in a timeline that depicted Benjamin's legal career in a few words and depicted the Immigration Law. Although it was a short excerpt, the information was still specific and useful in providing some important events and dates. These specifics are mentioned in my website and give it more depth within the pages about his reformative actions.

Filipinos in Hawaii. Honolulu, HI: KHET TV, 1991; VHS, 30 min., color with black and white sequences. This source is a video that includes a series of interviews of several Filipinos in Hawaii who recount their growing up years in the plantation and how their culture was preserved in art, music, and dance leading to Filipino pride that Benjamin would eventually acquire. These interviews were certainly relevant to my changes page as it indicates a Filipino culture that remains the same, but is celebrated differently today with more unification between the cultures members.

"Filipinos in Hawaii: Timeline." Filipinos In Hawaii. Filipinos In Hawai'i Project, 2013. Web. 8 Sept. 2013. This source is also webpage that portrays a detailed timeline of the Filipino history in Hawaii, but only briefly mentions Benjamin. This was mainly used to explain the events leading up to the reforms and the event following the reforms (changes). The perspectives provided from the events not connected to Benjamin still had relevancy, as it garnered the causes and the rights violations event.

"The Friends of Operation Manong 2009-2010 JUSTICE BEN MENOR SCHOLARSHIP." Letter. N.d. Essay Questions (2) Write a Short Essay on Each of the following Two Questions: A. What Is Your Sense of Cultural Identity, and

Why (or Why Not) Is It Important? B. How Does Your Pursuing a Degree in Higher Education Benefit You and Your Community? You Need Not Write at Length or Use Elevated Language. We Are Primarily Concerned with Your Ability to Reason, Think Creatively, and Write Clearly, Accurately and Persuasively. Please Type (no Handwriting) Your Essays in the Space below (use Back, If Neccesary) or Print and Attach 8" X 11" Sheet (or Sheets) of Paper. Be Sure to Include Your Name at the Top of Each Sheet. AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY / AFFIRMATIVE ACTION INSTITUTION, n.d. Web. 1 Sept. 2013. This source is a letter/ application to recipients that are interested in receiving a college scholarship named after Benjamin Menor himself. This provided some background insight on his life and ultimately indicated how important his legacy was to support the changes that I express in my website. The scholarship even mentions how the students deserving the scholarship should live up to Benjamins standards. His modeling had established higher standards for the future generations of Filipinos.

Fuchs, Lawrence H. Hawaii Pono = Hawaii the Excellent : An Ethnic and Political History. Honolulu, HI: Bess, 1992. Print. This source had a wide range of information focusing on all types of Asians and their relationships with each other to evolve politically. I valued and utilized the abundant information on the Filipinos and their values for education. Even the additional perspectives based on other ethnic groups experiences provided me with insight on how Filipinos had compared with others and how their experiences was in a way harder. It really shows how Benjamins climb up the ladder was certainly unlike any other. I built his extraordinary reforms off of this perspective.

Gutierrez, Ben. "Filipinos Now Second-largest Racial Group in Hawaii - Hawaii News Now - KGMB and KHNL." Filipinos Now Second-largest Racial Group in

Hawaii - Hawaii News Now - KGMB and KHNL. World Now and KHNL, 16 June 2011. Web. 5 Sept. 2013. This article from a webpage briefly reviews the details of Filipino immigration and how that evolved to the current social status of Filipinos today. It encompassed the Filipino pride overall which pushed Benjamin toward reform. Some of the statistics also proved to be useful, as it provided me a basis of how far Filipinos have come and the long-term changes on behalf of Benjamin Menor.

The Hawaii Democratic Revolution of 1954. Dir. Megan Madeira. 2011. This video pretty much encompassed the reform by Benjamin Menor pertaining to the Democratic Revolution. It goes in depth and clearly describes all his motives. It gives an in depth analysis of how the Democratic revolution began and how it grew and became very influential in its entirety. The specificities about strikes, crimes, and democratic victories ultimately gave me insight on what Benjamin really wanted which was depicted in my democratic reform page.

"Hawaiian Encyclopedia : 1950 - Present." Hawaiian Encyclopedia : 1950 - Present. Mutual Publishing, n.d. Web. 16 Sept. 2013. This source was a web page of very in depth descriptions of events, people, and factors that had to do with the entrenched values of unionization that played a large role in Benjamin Menor's democratic reforms. The webpage really provided a broad presenting of Hawaii. All this information wasnt overwhelming however because I was able to pick out what was especially important whether it referred to the Democratic Revolution or plantation life. It was more than enough to help me analyze the era in which Benjamin grew up and flourished in. It helped me with every page.

"Hawaii-Filipino Chronicle." Hawaii-Filipino Chronicle. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Sept. 2013. This website provided updates of current Filipino events that are of significance. This gave me a perspective of how the Filipino statuses have changed and the long- term impacts of Benjamin Menor. Simply the details of success stories of Filipinos today have given me a lot of insight on Benjamins long-term impact on the generations that followed him. "Hawaii's History in 1974 -Hawaii History - 1974." Hawaii's History in 1974 -Hawaii History - 1974. Info Grafik Inc., 2013. Web. 16 Sept. 2013.

This source serves as a webpage that encompasses a vast timeline of Hawaii. I particularly only utilized the segment of 1974 which briefs on Benjamin's main accomplishment and reform, becoming the first Filipino and American Supreme Court Justice. At this point I needed specific events, as I had already made a broad analysis. This source provided me the specificities I needed for the reform pages.

Holmes, Michael (1994), The specter of Communism in Hawaii, University of Hawaii Press, ISBN 978-0-8248-1550-9. I learned of the struggle of Asian Americans as a whole including Filipinos that indicated the adversity they had to endure to become successful unions. Communism accusations would be a conflict, but this would only motivate Benjamin even more. It also gave me an idea conceptually of what Benjamin was trying to reform (reform pages). "Hawaiis 1946 Sakada," John Okamura (ed.) Filipino American History: Identity and Community in Hawaii, vol. 37, pp. 74-90. This is an account of the last, wide scale organized Filipino labor migration to Hawaii. San Buenaventura contends that the 1946 Sakadas were different because they were educated, family oriented, and included more women and children compared to the pre-World War II migrants. This, as well as a newfound sense of Filipino identity, obviously indicates a long- term change that occurred due to the inspiring reforms of figures such as Benjamin Menor. Istorya Ni Bonipasyo: Kasla Gloria Ti Hawaii [Bonifacios Story: Hawaii is Like Paradise] Honolulu, HI: Center for Philippine Studies, 1991; VHS tape, 150 min. This source is a contemporary three-act play on the experiences of Filipino migrant workers in Hawaii as seen in the life of Bonipasyo, a sakada who came to the islands in 1922. It is a dramatization of his struggle against discrimination, loneliness, and abuse. Benjamin had to endure this as he built up motivation to change this. This pertains to my analysis within the causes pages and my reform pages.

Kerkvliet, Melinda Tria. "Interpreting Pablo Manlapit", John Okamura (ed.) Filipino American History: Identity and Community in Hawaii, vol. 37, pp. 1-25.

This printed source is an examination of the life of Pablo Manlapit as a labor leader and the First Filipino lawyer in Hawaii amidst the labor strikes of the 1920s and 1930s. Benjamin certainly looked up to him. This perspective of Manlapit certainly paralleled Benjamins life and although they were different in aspects, overall it indicated a comparison to analyze what Benjamin wanted to do and the reforms he wanted to make. Kim, Hyung-chan. Distinguished Asian Americans: A Biographical Dictionary. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1999. Print. This source served as a book not only encompassing the contributions that Asian Americans made to Hawaii, but also the contributions they made to America as a whole, pertaining to a broader perspective. I focused mostly on the contributions of Filipinos to the events of reform that occurred. This broader analysis allowed me to form broader arguments interlocked with the reforms Benjamin made. Lind, Andrew W., HAWAIIS PEOPLE, Honolulu, The University Press of Hawaii, 1967. This source encompasses the migration process of the Filipinos, providing insight on the rise of the Filipinos to the point when people like Benjamin made reforms. This allowed me to make a background analysis that prompted me to form conceptual ideas about the causes and the rights violation event itself.

Nativism and Ethnicity in a Filipino-American Experience. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Hawaii, 1990. This dissertation of San Buenaventura is the history of the Filipino Federation of America, a widely popular social movement in Hawaii whose ideology was derived from the Pasyon, the story of the life and death of Jesus Christ. Movements like these represent the values and culture of Filipinos that Benjamin would fight for. These social movements embodied everything Benjamin stood for indicated in the reform pages and changes pages. It embodies the identity and community values of Benjamin.

Niiya, Brian (1993), Japanese American history, Facts on File Inc., ISBN 978-0-81602680-7.

This printed source may not be about Filipinos, but includes key evidence of the conflicts between the Japanese and Filipinos on the plantations and their understanding for each other, which would result in successful reform especially for Benjamin. This perspective certainly provided a different type of insight. Through the conflict between the two ethnic groups, I analyzed and determined how Filipinos hardship differed with other Asian groups hardship. In a way it showed how the Filipino experience was much harder than the Japanese. However, the details pertaining to agreement between the two ethnic groups was helpful to me as it showed how the Filipino experience was made better through their cooperation. Either way, it provided insight on how the rights violation and the reforms.

Pang, Gordon Y.K. "Filipinos' Role in Hawai'i Likely to Get Even Bigger | The Honolulu Advertiser | Hawaii's Newspaper." Filipinos' Role in Hawai'i Likely to Get Even Bigger | The Honolulu Advertiser | Hawaii's Newspaper. The Honolulu Advertiser, 4 Dec. 2005. Web. 3 Sept. 2013. This article of a webpage reviews statistics about the growing numbers of Filipinos and I interpreted it as growing potential of Filipinos. Therefore I used this information to emphasize potential changes. This allowed me to expand on the long-term impacts of the inspiring political, economic, and social reforms of Benjamin Menor.

"Pat Menor on Benjamin Menor." Personal interview. 12 Sept. 2013. This interview was very useful, as Pat Menor, my mom, who knew my grandfather quite well was able to provide me with details of how he climbed the ladder in his legal career, as she once worked for him too. Many of the details mentioned encompassed the Democratic revolution, as well as the personal relationships Benjamin had to reach his democratic goals. Obviously I used these in my reform pages.

Pau Hana: Plantation Life and Labor in Hawaii, 1835-1920. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1983. This source serves as an excellent account of the plantation life and labor in Hawaii. Takaki explains how ethnicity played a major role in the plantations and how it motivated immigrants like Benjamin to change everything. This source actually depicts the ethnic distinctions that existed within minorities within the

plantation. It was these same distinctions that would motivate Benjamin to break out of the misguided foundations of identity. I used this for my reforms pages.

Pete Tagalog Talks of Early Days in Waipahu. Pearl City, HI: Leeward Community College, 1977; VHS tape, 15 min. This source was a short video on family and plantation life in Waipahu, portraying what was the everyday lifestyle of someone like Ben growing up. Although it was short, it encompassed a whole generation of Filipinos and what they had to go through. Like many of the other source, it provided me with insight on the hardship of Filipinos and in all a basis of what Benjamin was building off of. It allowed me to build my page on the rights violations that took place. "Ron Menor on His Father, Benjamin Menor." Personal interview. 10 Sept. 2013. This source was probably one of the most useful, as I was able to gain a much better perspective of Benjamin's legal career from his very own son and my own Dad. He was certainly able to give me insight on Benjamin's personal life, which explained the rights violation and his reforms. The discussion gave me a lot of insight on the background of Benjamin when rising in political status. This pertained to the class, labor, and ethnic distinctions that Benjamin had to personally deal with.

San Buenaventura, Steffi. "Filipino Immigration to the United States," The Asian American Encyclopedia. New York: Marshall Cavendish, 1995: 439-453. This source serves as a brief survey of the different waves of Filipino migration to the U.S. from the educated Filipinos who studied in the U.S. aspensionados to the 1965 Naturalization and Immigration Act, which paved the way for an exodus of Filipinos, either as relatives of earlier migrants or professionals, in the U.S. An analysis of these waves is important, as it gave me a broad picture of how far the Filipinos had come to today in which our Hawaii society embodies Filipino success and equal rights. This journey parallels Benjamins in all his reforms. Stannard, David E. (2006), Honor Killing, Penguin, ISBN 978-0-14-303663-0. This printed source encompasses the Massey case, which was very controversial. Although it doesnt seem relatable, it actually depicts the limited rights for minorities such as Filipinos, as minorities were clearly not given a fair shake in the case. In this case, I was able to receive insight on the obstacles Filipinos, such

as Benjamin, had to face. This was certainly a rights violation that I could explain in my paper.

Takaki, Ronald. In the Heart of America: Immigrants from the Pacific Isles. Adapted by Rebecca Stefoff with Carol Takaki. New York and Philadelphia: Chelsea Book Publishers, 1995. Part of the series on Asian Americans in the U.S., this is a brief survey of Filipino immigration to the U.S. It portrays the Filipinos struggle for acceptance amidst racial prejudice, work discrimination, and underemployment. This would prompt them to make a difference. This would prompt Benjamin to make a difference and reform those instabilities, as shown in my reforms pages and my rights violation page. Tamura, Eileen, Cornelia Anguay, and James Shon. The Shaping of Modern Hawaiian History: Databook and Atlas. Honolulu, Hawaii: Produced by the Curriculum Research and Development Group, Universit y of Hawaii, 1983. Print. This source served as book of lists of facts corresponding to certain significant facts of Hawaii's History. I used facts through out the book to support the emerging unionization that occurred within the reform of my Grandfather. I also used it to indicate the rising tensions leading up to the events of reform.

Primary: At the Supreme Court. N.d. Photograph. Mililani. This photo shows Governor Ariyoshi acknowledging Benjamin Menor in a respectable manner in the Supreme Court. They both stand gallantly with pride in each others reformative efforts for equal rights and political flexibility. This is quite a picture, as it shows me the high stage Benjamin was at in his legal career. This indicated his persistence and achievement for reform. I utilized this picture in the 1st reform page (Political) to give the reader a better perspective of what Benjamin and his reforms meant to the Supreme Court and its members.

Benjamin Menor and His Military Buddies of World War 2. N.d. Photograph. Mililani. This source has enlightened me as it shows that he was indeed a soldier, fighting for his country along side his Filipino regiment and for an opportunity to thrive

when he'd return. He poses with his partners, some with grim faces; some with enthusiastic faces. Either way they all displayed a sense of unity. They all shared a unified pride and identity that would lead Benjamin to return to prove him self and empower this identity. It all pertains to his rise in social status and in a sense leading to his career as on of the first Filipino attorneys. He would inspire many, as said in my 2nd reform page. Benjamin Menor in his Office Chambers, Aliilani Hale, Office Chambers, Aliilani Hale. Personal photograph by author. N.d. This photo source includes Benjamin Menor in his Office chambers at the Hawaii Aliilani Hale Supreme court. He smiles with a lei around his neck, portraying the appreciation he got for improving life for Filipinos. You can totally observe Benjamins confidence and it was his ecstatic face that would be the occurring element of the website.

Benjamin Menor with Legal Staff- Peter Fong, Haunani Burns, Etc. N.d. Photograph. MIlilani. This source portrays Benjamin Menor with his legal staff behind him, eager to get work done and improve Hawaii to make it a place suitable for his people to live in comfortably, especially Filipinos. This picture provided insight on the ambitions and organization of Benjamin within his legal career as an attorney and as an inspirer and reformer for social empowerment of the Filipino identity. This pertains to my 2nd reform page.

Benjamin Menor's Military I.D. 21 Nov. 1946. Preserved Military I.D. of Benjamin Menor Containing Standard Information. This primary source- military I.D. of Benjamin issued in 1946 is an amazing artifact indicating his evident participation in the military with his age, full name, etc. Joining the military would be the reason for his rise to reform. It encompasses his rise in social status, as he would enhance the recognition of the Filipino identity in 2nd reform page.

Cane Cutting Girls in the Puna Sugar Cane Fields. N.d. Photograph. Coffee Times. Comp. Citizens of Pahoa. LBD Coffee LLC Dba Coffee Times. Web. 27 Sept.

2013. This picture serves as a source specifically capturing the hardship in the physical labor of the Filipino plantation sugar cane workers. Cane cutting girls in the Puna sugar cane fields were, in 1920's, portrayed as hardworking and exhausted from the demands, as they staggered knee deep in cane cuttings with tired faces. The overall tone and emotion of the picture is very grim. It was these events that led up to a climax of Filipino's rights being violated, as mentioned in my page detailing the causes of the Filipino rights violation.

Duckworth-Ford, Robert A. PLANTATION MANAGERS -JOHN T.MOIR, JAS. WEBSTER, ALEX. FRASER, WM. PULLAR. 1925. Photograph. University of Hawaii at Manoa Library. University of Hawaii, 3 Oct. 2012. Web. 25 Sept. 2013. This photo source portrays the caucasian managers of a Hilo sugar cane plantation during the Plantation hierarchy period- John T.Moir, Jas. Webster, Alex. Fraser, Wm. Pullar. They all stood together, with confident statures as they upheld their positions, their thrones on top of the many backs working fervently under the worst conditions Benjamin Menor eventually immigrated to this area at an early age where he was prompted to make reforms for his fellow Filipinos. This was useful in providing deeper insight on the rights violation. Filipino Sugar Plantation Workers. N.d. Photograph. Think Quest. Oracle Education Foundation. Web. 12 Nov. 2013. This photo source was easy to access and gave me an excellent depiction of the Filipino laborers that paralleled Benjamin and somewhat represented him to start my website.

Judge Menor at Law Library, Ali'olani Hale Library. Personal photograph by author. N.d. This photo source includes Benjamin posing with his colleagues, Ambassador Mutue and Ben Ayson, in the Supreme Court Library. He smiles formally with a confidence in the reforms being made. He is of course surrounded by a multitude of books, an expanse of knowledge that was so significant to his career

This source certainly portrayed his work ethic working with other to instill equality within the court and outside of it as well. I used this as a basis to explain the first responsible action made by Benjamin.

Judge Menor in his Office Chambers, Aliilani Hale. Personal photograph by author. N.d. This photo source includes Judge Benjamin Menor in his Office chambers at the Hawaii Aliilani Hale Supreme court. He smiles as he fervently works, portraying his work to improve the work plane, making it fairer, and providing rights for Filipinos. You can totally observe Benjamins confidence in his reformative action within the policies of democracy, which I analyzed in my last responsible action page.

Judge Menor with Son, Hawaii State Capital. Personal photograph by author. N.d. This photo source portray Judge Menor smiling along side his son, State Representative Ron Menor, his wife, Lillian Menor, as well as his daughter in law, Pat Menor. Showered with leis, they stand in Ron's State Capital Office on the third Wednesday of January in 1985. It was the opening of the state legislature. Ron was a state representative. It shows the overall long-term impact of Benjamin's work, as the next generation (Ron) is successful due to Ben inspiring its momentum. I was able to then formulate ideas and opinions on the long- term changes that occurred on Benjamins behalf. Kasahara, Haruo, perf. Sings Traditional Plantation Labor Song (ho-le Ho-le Bushi) in Japanese and Hawaiian. N.d. MP3. This audio source portrays the gentle voice of a Japanese elder singing an old plantation song with nostalgia, indicating the powerful memories the Asian laborers had towards the plantations. It shows how far they've come and would lead a closing that way. Montano, Mary J. Old Plantation. David Nape, n.d. MP3. This audio source portrayed a vintage orchestrated song encompassing the tone of the life on the sugar fields. The mood of it is able to portray a prideful feeling of the tired laborers looked down upon. N.d. Photograph. Blogger.com. Web. 11 Nov. 2013.

This photo illustrated the hardship the Filipino laborers had to go through when working with the sugar, representing Benjamin Menor, in a sense on the home page. N.d. Photograph. Honolulu. RIVISTA. Web. 12 Nov. 2013. This photo source gave me insight on the Filipino laborers that represented Benjamin's generation and Benjamin to begin the website.

N.d. Photograph. State Archives. Filipinos in Hawaii 100 Years of Contributions to the Islands' Economy. N.p.: Hoyt H. Zia, n.d. 1. Print. This photo source was useful, as it provided a montage/ collection of pictures depicting plantation life of FIlipinos back then. The textures and tone of the picture worked well complimenting the picture of Benjamin as the main picture element of the website.

Seated W/ Chief Justice William Richardson at Ali'olani Hale, Honolulu (Supreme Court Chambers). N.d. Photograph. Mililani. This picture source depicts my grandfather in his chamber probably discussing legal matters, (when he was a supreme justice and attorney) with an eager, but collected persona, as he took his job seriously. He seriously wanted to make reforms for the betterment of his people. I found this source to be an opportunity to sum up Benjamins work ethic in my conclusion.