Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
DINMICO-TRACCIONALES DE LA
UNIDAD VEHICULAR VOLVO FMX
6X4T
Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Escuela de Ingeniera Mecnica
Tractores y Maquinaria Pesada
Autor:
Snchez Barba, Nelver Daniel
UNT
TRUJ
INDICE
I.
RESUMEN
Introduccin
.... 2
33
2.7. Clculo de la fuerza de resistencia del aire
.
48
2.8. Balance de potencia del vehculo automotor 53
2.9. Clculo del factor dinmico D . 56
2.10. Clculo de aceleraciones de la unidad vehicular j en todas sus marchas 64
2.11. Elaboracin de las curvas caractersticas del consumo de combustible de la
unidad vehicular en carretera 75
UNT
RESUMEN
UNT
Introduccin
El presente proyecto es desarrollado en el curso de Tractores y Maquinaria
Pesada, que es dictado en el X ciclo de la carrera de Ingeniera Mecnica de la
Universidad de Trujillo.
El estudio se divide de tal forma que nos permita comprender:
o
o
o
o
o
o
Si bien es cierto en el curso de ingeniera automotriz se sienta las bases para este
anlisis, aqu se estudiar una unidad vehicular que trabaja con transmisin
hidromecnica, es decir se incluir en el anlisis el comportamiento del convertidor
hidrulico o transformador hidrulico y la influencia de este en la unidad automotriz.
1.2. Objetivos
o Determinar la caracterstica adimensional del convertidor de par.
o Determinar el cronograma de cambio de velocidades de la unidad automotriz.
o Determinar la fuerza de traccin bruta en las ruedas motrices para cada una de
las marchas del vehculo.
o Calcular las fuerzas resistivas que se oponen al movimiento del vehculo, tales
como la magnitud de la fuerza de resistencia del viento y el efecto de la carretera,
ambos para diversas marchas.
o Determinacin del factor dinmico del vehculo para cada marcha.
o Determinacin del mximo valor del coeficiente de resistencia total del camino
para cada marcha a partir del factor dinmico mximo.
o Determinar el consumo de combustible por cada cien kilmetros, para diferentes
carreteras.
UNT
UNT
Volvo D13A440
Nmero de
cilindros
6 cilindros
Cilindrada
Relacin de
compresin
18.1:1
Dimetro x
Carrera del
pistn
131x158 mm
Tipo de
inyeccin
Potencia Mxima
Torque Mximo
Traccin
Combustible
Diesel
UNT
UNT
VT2514B
Tipo
Sincronizada
Cambios de marcha
Manual/por cables
Nmero de marchas al
frente
14 (12+2 sper-reducidas)
Nmero de marchas en
reversa
o Relaciones de transmisin
UNT
Modelo
CS43B-O
Tipo
Accionamiento
Hidroneumtico
430
Pesos (Kgf)
Tabla II.4 Distribucin de pesos
5000
4400
9400
Eje delantero
7100
Eje trasero
26000
UNT
o Dimensiones (mm)
2993
2530
3200
805
o Llantas y neumticos
Tabla II.7 Caractersticas de los neumticos
Tipo
Acero/aluminio
Llanta
9,00x22,5
Neumtico
315/80R22,5
UNT
Obtenemos:
UNT
Dado que el fabricante nos brinda el valor del dimetro activo del
transformador hidrulico
, y como tenemos el valor de la densidad del
fluido operante es posible, en base a la ecuacin (1), calcular
.A
continuacin se muestra una tabla en la que aparecen representados los
valores de
,
y
.En dicha tabla aparecen considerados 12 valores de
considerado desde las
del
mximo hasta las
mximo.
, [Nm] 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200 2050 1940 1800 1700 1500 1300 1100
[rpm]
1050 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.95
0.98
UNT
, de tal forma que para cada rpm que esta asociado con una valor de
se tiene un correspondiente valor de
.
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.95
0.98
3.5
3.1429 2.7857
2.4286
2.0714
1.7143
1.3571
0.3143 0.5571
0.7286
0.8286
0.8571
0.8143
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.95
0.98
1.5251 1.3896 1.1677 0.99496 0.8579 0.69638 0.5792 0.47604 0.40103 0.31758 0.2484
x(10^4)
12
0.19064
UNT
ne [rpm]
D[m]
Me [Nm]
para diversas
dado
100
200
300
400
Uth=0.0
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1050
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
0.00015
0.00015
0.00015
0.00015
0.00015
0.00015
0.00015
0.00015
0.00015
0.00015
0.00015
0.00015
0.00000
19.95403
79.81612
179.58626
319.26447
498.85073
718.34505
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1050
1100
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
Uth=0.1
ne [rpm]
D[m]
Me [Nm]
890
0.00013896
0
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
0.00013896 0.00013896 0.00013896 0.00013896 0.00013896 0.00013896 0.00013896 0.00013896 0.00013896 0.00013896 0.00013896
18.1812
72.7247
163.6306
290.8989
454.5295
654.5225
890.8779
1163.5956
1472.6757
2004.4752
2199.9229
Uth=0.2
ne [rpm]
D[m]
Me [Nm]
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1050
1100
1200
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
0.00011677
0
0.00011677 0.00011677 0.00011677 0.00011677 0.00011677 0.00011677 0.00011677 0.00011677 0.00011677 0.00011677 0.00011677
15.2779
61.1116 137.501069 244.4463
381.9474 550.004275 748.6169
977.7854 1684.3881 1848.6255 2200.0171
Uth=0.3
ne [rpm]
D[m]
Me [Nm]
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1050
1200
1300
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
0.000099496 9.9496E-05 9.9496E-05 9.9496E-05 0.000099496 9.9496E-05 9.9496E-05 9.9496E-05 9.9496E-05 9.9496E-05 9.9496E-05 9.9496E-05
0
13.0178
52.0712
117.1603
208.2849
325.4452
468.6411
637.8727
833.1398 1435.2135 1874.5645 2200.00978
13
UNT
Uth=0.4
ne [rpm]
D[m]
Me [Nm]
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1050
1200
1400
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
0.00008579 0.00008579 0.00008579 0.00008579 0.00008579 0.00008579 0.00008579 0.00008579 0.00008579 0.00008579 0.00008579 0.00008579
0
11.2246
44.8982
101.0210
179.5928
280.6138 404.0838 550.0030 718.3712 1237.5067 1616.3353 2200.01187
Uth=0.5
ne [rpm]
D[m]
Me [Nm]
100
200
300
400
500
600
800
1050
1100
1300
1500
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
0.000069638 6.9638E-05 6.9638E-05 6.9638E-05 0.000069638 6.9638E-05 6.9638E-05 6.9638E-05 6.9638E-05 6.9638E-05 6.9638E-05 6.9638E-05
0
9.1113
36.4451
82.0014
145.7802 227.7816 328.0055 583.1208 1004.5167 1102.4628 1539.8034 2050.03413
Uth=0.6
ne [rpm]
D[m]
Me [Nm]
100
200
300
400
500
600
800
1050
1200
1400
1600
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
0.00005792 0.00005792 0.00005792 0.00005792 0.00005792 0.00005792 0.00005792 0.00005792 0.00005792 0.00005792 0.00005792 0.00005792
0
7.57810883 30.3124353 68.2029794 121.2497412 189.452721 272.811918 484.998965 835.486498 1091.24767 1485.30933 1939.99586
Uth=0.7
ne [rpm]
D[m]
Me [Nm]
100
200
300
400
500
600
800
1050
1300
1500
1700
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
0.000047604
0
4.7604E-05 4.7604E-05 4.7604E-05 0.000047604 4.7604E-05 4.7604E-05 4.7604E-05 4.7604E-05 4.7604E-05 4.7604E-05 4.7604E-05
6.2284
24.9136
56.0555
99.6542
155.7097 224.2220 398.6169 686.6799 1052.5977 1401.3875 1800.00443
Uth=0.8
ne [rpm]
D[m]
Me [Nm]
100
200
300
400
500
800
1050
1200
1400
1600
1800
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
890
0.000040103
0
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
4.0103E-05 4.0103E-05 4.0103E-05 0.000040103 4.0103E-05 4.0103E-05 4.0103E-05 4.0103E-05 4.0103E-05 4.0103E-05 4.0103E-05
5.2470
20.9879
47.2228
83.9516
131.1744 335.8065 578.4792 755.5647 1028.4075 1343.2261 1700.02049
Uth=0.9
ne [rpm]
D[m]
Me [Nm]
100
200
300
400
500
800
1050
1300
1500
1700
1900
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
0.000031758
0
3.1758E-05 3.1758E-05 3.1758E-05 0.000031758 3.1758E-05 3.1758E-05 3.1758E-05 3.1758E-05 3.1758E-05 3.1758E-05 3.1758E-05
4.1551
16.6206
37.3962
66.4822
103.8784 265.9288 458.1039 702.2183 934.9060 1200.8348 1500.00474
14
UNT
ne [rpm]
D[m]
Me [Nm]
100
200
400
600
Uth=0.95
800
1050
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
0.00002484
0
0.00002484 0.00002484 0.00002484 0.00002484 0.00002484 0.00002484 0.00002484 0.00002484 0.00002484 0.00002484 0.00002484
3.25000385 13.0000154 52.0000617 117.0001388 208.000247 358.312925 468.000555 637.000755 832.000987 1053.00125 1300.00154
Uth=0.98
ne [rpm]
D[m]
Me [Nm]
100
200
400
600
800
1050
1300
1500
1700
1900
2100
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
890
0.000019064
0
1.9064E-05 1.9064E-05 1.9064E-05 0.000019064 1.9064E-05 1.9064E-05 1.9064E-05 1.9064E-05 1.9064E-05 1.9064E-05 1.9064E-05
2.4943
9.9771
39.9086
89.7943
159.6343 274.9951 421.5344 561.2144 720.8488 900.4374 1099.98029
UNT
, en
Me [Nm]
2200
2200
2200
2200
1700
1500
1300
1100
Uth
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.95
0.98
Kth
3.5
3.1429
2.7857
2.4286
2.0714
1.7143
1.3571
Mt (Nm)
7700
6914.2857
6128.5714
5342.8571
4557.1429
3514.2857
2632.8571
1800
1700
1500
1300
1100
ne [rpm]
1050
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2100
F
Fig.II.7 Curva torque convertidor vs
16
UNT
A su vez se precisan de las tablas que incluyen los valores del torque de
la turbina
en funcin de los rpm para cada valor de
y la
correspondiente grfica.
Tabla II.11 Torque de la turbina
, para un
dado
ne [rpm]
100
200
300
Me = Mb[Nm]
Kth
Mt[Nm]
0.0000
19.9540
79.8161
179.5863
319.2645
498.8507
718.3451
977.7474
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
69.839
279.356
628.552
1117.426
1745.978
2514.208
3422.116
4469.703
5656.967
ne [rpm]
100
200
300
Me = Mb[Nm]
Kth
Mt[Nm]
18.181
72.725
163.631
ne [rpm]
Me = Mb[Nm]
Kth
Mt[Nm]
454.530
654.523
700
800
900
1277.0579 1616.2764
1000
1050
1995.4029 2199.9317
3.5
3.5
6983.910 7699.76106
700
800
900
1050
1100
890.878
1163.596
1472.676
2004.475
2199.9229
3.143
3.143
3.143
3.143
3.143
3.143
3.143
3.143
3.143
3.143
3.143
3.143
0.000
57.141
228.563
514.268
914.254
1428.521
2057.071
2799.902
3657.015
4628.409
6299.779
6914.043
100
200
700
800
1000
1100
1200
15.278
61.112
137.501
244.446
381.947
550.004
748.617
977.785
1684.388
1848.625
2200.0171
2.786
2.786
2.786
2.786
2.786
2.786
2.786
2.786
2.786
2.786
2.786
2.786
0.000
42.560
170.239
383.039
680.958
1063.996
1532.155
2085.433
2723.831
4692.224
5149.742
6128.619
ne [rpm]
100
200
300
700
800
1000
1200
1300
Me = Mb[Nm]
Kth
Mt[Nm]
13.018
52.071
117.160
637.873
833.140
1435.213
2.429
2.429
2.429
2.429
2.429
2.429
2.429
2.429
2.429
2.429
2.429
2.429
0.000
31.615
126.459
284.532
505.835
790.367
1138.128
1549.119
2023.340
3485.518
4552.514
5342.881
ne [rpm]
100
200
300
Me = Mb[Nm]
Kth
Mt[Nm]
11.225
44.898
101.021
2.071
2.071
2.071
2.071
2.071
2.071
2.071
2.071
2.071
2.071
2.071
2.071
0.000
23.251
93.003
209.258
372.014
581.271
837.031
1139.292
1488.055
2563.407
3348.123
4557.167
ne [rpm]
100
200
300
Me = Mb[Nm]
Kth
Mt[Nm]
9.111
36.445
82.001
325.445
468.641
280.614
404.084
227.782
328.005
1874.565 2200.00978
700
800
1000
1200
1400
550.003
718.371
1237.507
1616.335
2200.01187
800
1000
1100
1300
1500
583.121
1004.517
1102.463
1539.803
2050.03413
1.714
1.714
1.714
1.714
1.714
1.714
1.714
1.714
1.714
1.714
1.714
1.714
0.000
15.619
62.477
140.574
249.909
390.483
562.295
999.636
1722.029
1889.936
2639.663
3514.344
17
UNT
ne [rpm]
Me = Mb[Nm]
Kth
Mt[Nm]
68.20297944
121.2497412
189.4527207
272.8119178
1.357
1.357
1.357
1.357
1.357
1.357
1.357
1.357
1.357
1.357
1.357
1.357
0.000
10.285
41.138
92.561
164.553
257.114
370.245
658.213
1133.875
1480.979
2015.777
2632.852
ne [rpm]
100
200
300
800
1000
1300
1500
1700
Me = Mb[Nm]
Kth
Mt[Nm]
6.228
24.914
56.056
99.654
155.710
224.222
398.617
686.680
1052.598
1401.388
1800.00443
6.228
24.914
56.056
99.654
155.710
224.222
398.617
686.680
1052.598
1401.388
1800.00443
ne [rpm]
100
200
300
Me = Mb[Nm]
Kth
Mt[Nm]
5.247
20.988
47.223
100
200
7.57810883 30.31243531
300
131.174
335.807
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
578.479
755.565
1028.407
1343.226
1700.02049
5.247
20.988
47.223
83.952
131.174
335.807
578.479
755.565
1028.407
1343.226
1700.02049
ne [rpm]
Me = Mb[Nm]
Kth
Mt[Nm]
100
200
300
400
500
800
1000
1300
1500
1700
1900
4.155
16.621
37.396
66.482
103.878
265.929
458.104
702.218
934.906
1200.835
1500.00474
4.155
16.621
37.396
66.482
103.878
265.929
458.104
702.218
934.906
1200.835
1500.00474
1400
1600
1800
2000
ne [rpm]
Me = Mb[Nm]
Kth
Mt[Nm]
ne [rpm]
100
200
400
600
800
1100
1300
1500
1700
1900
2100
Me = Mb[Nm]
Kth
Mt[Nm]
2.494
9.977
39.909
89.794
159.634
274.995
421.534
561.214
720.849
900.437
1099.98029
1
0
100
200
3.25000385 13.00001542
1
3.25000385 13.00001542
400
600
800
1000
1200
52.00006167
117.0001388
208.0002467
358.312925
468.000555
52.00006167
117.0001388
208.0002467
358.312925
468.000555
2.494
9.977
39.909
89.794
159.634
274.995
421.534
561.214
720.849
900.437
1099.98029
18
UNT
a partir de
a diversas
19
UNT
.
El anlisis que se hizo en base a la ecuacin anterior fue emplear los
diferentes valores
dados por el fabricante considerando
.A su
vez cada tabla se confecciona para un valor fijo de
, desde
a
.
dado.
Me [Nm]
0.0000
18.1812
72.7247
ne [rpm]
V(1 Marcha)
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1050
1100
0.000
0.018
0.035
0.053
0.071
0.088
0.106
0.123
0.141
0.159
0.185
0.194
V(2 Marcha)
V(3 Marcha)
V(4 Marcha)
V(5 Marcha)
V(6 Marcha)
V(7 Marcha)
V(8 Marcha)
V(9 Marcha)
V(10 Marcha)
0.000
0.022
0.044
0.066
0.088
0.110
0.132
0.154
0.176
0.198
0.231
0.242
0.000
0.026
0.052
0.078
0.104
0.130
0.156
0.182
0.208
0.234
0.273
0.286
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.032
0.040
0.050
0.062
0.077
0.065
0.081
0.101
0.124
0.154
0.097
0.121
0.151
0.186
0.232
0.130
0.162
0.202
0.247
0.309
0.162
0.202
0.252
0.309
0.386
0.195
0.243
0.303
0.371
0.463
0.227
0.283
0.353
0.433
0.540
0.260
0.323
0.403
0.495
0.617
0.292
0.364
0.454
0.557
0.695
0.341
0.424
0.529
0.649
0.810
0.357
0.445
0.555
0.680
0.849
0.000
0.097
0.195
0.292
0.390
0.487
0.585
0.682
0.780
0.877
1.023
1.072
0.000
0.122
0.243
0.365
0.486
0.608
0.730
0.851
0.973
1.094
1.277
1.338
V(11 Marcha)
V(12 Marcha)
0.000
0.152
0.303
0.455
0.606
0.758
0.909
1.061
1.212
1.364
1.591
1.667
0.000
0.189
0.378
0.567
0.757
0.946
1.135
1.324
1.513
1.702
1.986
2.081
V(13 Marcha)
V(14 Marcha)
0.000
0.000
0.232
0.289
0.463
0.579
0.695
0.868
0.926
1.158
1.158
1.447
1.389
1.737
1.621
2.026
1.852
2.315
2.084
2.605
2.431
3.039
2.547
3.184
20
UNT
Me [Nm]
ne [rpm]
V(1 Marcha)
0
0
0.000
V(2 Marcha)
V(3 Marcha)
V(4 Marcha)
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.044
0.052
0.065
0.088
0.104
0.130
0.132
0.156
0.195
0.176
0.208
0.260
0.220
0.260
0.324
0.264
0.312
0.389
0.308
0.364
0.454
0.352
0.416
0.519
0.462
0.546
0.681
0.484
0.572
0.714
0.528
0.624
0.779
V(5 Marcha)
V(6 Marcha)
V(7 Marcha)
V(8 Marcha)
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.081
0.101
0.124
0.154
0.162
0.202
0.247
0.309
0.243
0.303
0.371
0.463
0.323
0.403
0.495
0.617
0.404
0.504
0.618
0.772
0.485
0.605
0.742
0.926
0.566
0.706
0.866
1.080
0.647
0.807
0.989
1.235
0.849
1.059
1.299
1.621
0.889
1.109
1.361
1.698
0.970
1.210
1.484
1.852
V(9 Marcha)
0.000
0.195
0.390
0.585
0.780
0.974
1.169
1.364
1.559
2.046
2.144
2.339
V(10 Marcha)
0.000
0.243
0.486
0.730
0.973
1.216
1.459
1.702
1.946
2.554
2.675
2.918
V(11 Marcha)
0.000
0.303
0.606
0.909
1.212
1.515
1.818
2.121
2.424
3.182
3.334
3.637
V(12 Marcha)
0.000
0.378
0.757
1.135
1.513
1.892
2.270
2.648
3.027
3.972
4.162
4.540
V(13 Marcha)
0.000
0.463
0.926
1.389
1.852
2.315
2.778
3.241
3.705
4.862
5.094
5.557
V(14 Marcha)
0.000
0.579
1.158
1.737
2.315
2.894
3.473
4.052
4.631
6.078
6.367
6.946
Me [Nm]
ne [rpm]
V(1 Marcha)
V(2 Marcha)
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1050
1200
1300
0.000
0.000
0.053
0.066
0.106
0.132
0.159
0.198
0.212
0.264
0.265
0.330
0.317
0.396
0.370
0.462
0.423
0.528
0.556
0.693
0.635
0.792
0.688
0.858
V(3 Marcha)
V(4 Marcha)
0.000
0.000
0.078
0.097
0.156
0.195
0.234
0.292
0.312
0.389
0.390
0.487
0.468
0.584
0.546
0.681
0.624
0.779
0.819
1.022
0.936
1.168
1.014
1.265
V(5 Marcha)
0.000
0.121
0.243
0.364
0.485
0.606
0.728
0.849
0.970
1.273
1.455
1.576
V(6 Marcha)
0.000
0.151
0.303
0.454
0.605
0.756
0.908
1.059
1.210
1.588
1.815
1.966
V(7 Marcha)
0.000
0.186
0.371
0.557
0.742
0.928
1.113
1.299
1.484
1.948
2.226
2.412
V(8 Marcha)
0.000
0.232
0.463
0.695
0.926
1.158
1.389
1.621
1.852
2.431
2.778
3.010
V(9 Marcha)
0.000
0.292
0.585
0.877
1.169
1.462
1.754
2.046
2.339
3.070
3.508
3.800
V(10 Marcha)
V(11 Marcha)
0.000
0.000
0.365
0.455
0.730
0.909
1.094
1.364
1.459
1.818
1.824
2.273
2.189
2.727
2.554
3.182
2.918
3.637
3.831
4.773
4.378
5.455
4.743
5.910
V(12 Marcha)
0.000
0.567
1.135
1.702
2.270
2.837
3.405
3.972
4.540
5.959
6.810
7.377
V(13 Marcha)
V(14 Marcha)
0.000
0.000
0.695
0.868
1.389
1.737
2.084
2.605
2.778
3.473
3.473
4.341
4.168
5.210
4.862
6.078
5.557
6.946
7.293
9.117
8.335
10.419
9.030
11.287
21
UNT
Me [Nm]
ne [rpm]
V(1 Marcha)
0
0.000
100
0.071
200
0.141
300
0.212
400
0.282
500
0.353
600
0.423
700
0.494
800
0.564
1050
0.741
1200
0.847
1400
0.988
V(2 Marcha)
0.000
0.088
0.176
0.264
0.352
0.440
0.528
0.616
0.704
0.924
1.056
1.232
V(3 Marcha)
V(4 Marcha)
0.000
0.000
0.104
0.130
0.208
0.260
0.312
0.389
0.416
0.519
0.520
0.649
0.624
0.779
0.728
0.908
0.832
1.038
1.092
1.363
1.248
1.557
1.456
1.817
V(5 Marcha)
0.000
0.162
0.323
0.485
0.647
0.808
0.970
1.132
1.293
1.698
1.940
2.264
V(6 Marcha)
V(7 Marcha)
0.000
0.000
0.202
0.247
0.403
0.495
0.605
0.742
0.807
0.989
1.008
1.237
1.210
1.484
1.412
1.732
1.613
1.979
2.118
2.597
2.420
2.968
2.824
3.463
V(8 Marcha)
V(9 Marcha)
0.000
0.000
0.309
0.390
0.617
0.780
0.926
1.169
1.235
1.559
1.544
1.949
1.852
2.339
2.161
2.729
2.470
3.118
3.241
4.093
3.705
4.677
4.322
5.457
V(10 Marcha)
0.000
0.486
0.973
1.459
1.946
2.432
2.918
3.405
3.891
5.107
5.837
6.810
V(11 Marcha)
V(12 Marcha)
0.000
0.606
1.212
1.818
2.424
3.031
3.637
4.243
4.849
6.364
7.273
8.486
0.000
0.757
1.513
2.270
3.027
3.783
4.540
5.297
6.053
7.945
9.080
10.593
V(13 Marcha)
V(14 Marcha)
0.000
0.000
0.926
1.158
1.852
2.315
2.778
3.473
3.705
4.631
4.631
5.788
5.557
6.946
6.483
8.104
7.409
9.261
9.724
12.156
11.114
13.892
12.966
16.207
Me [Nm]
ne [rpm]
0
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
800
1050
1100
1300
1500
V(1 Marcha)
0.000
0.088
0.176
0.265
0.353
0.441
0.529
0.705
0.926
0.970
1.146
1.323
V(2 Marcha)
V(3 Marcha)
0.000
0.000
0.110
0.130
0.220
0.260
0.330
0.390
0.440
0.520
0.550
0.650
0.660
0.780
0.880
1.040
1.155
1.365
1.210
1.430
1.429
1.690
1.649
1.950
V(4 Marcha)
0.000
0.162
0.324
0.487
0.649
0.811
0.973
1.298
1.703
1.785
2.109
2.433
V(5 Marcha)
V(6 Marcha)
0.000
0.000
0.202
0.252
0.404
0.504
0.606
0.756
0.808
1.008
1.011
1.261
1.213
1.513
1.617
2.017
2.122
2.647
2.223
2.773
2.627
3.277
3.032
3.782
V(7 Marcha)
0.000
0.309
0.618
0.928
1.237
1.546
1.855
2.474
3.247
3.401
4.020
4.638
V(8 Marcha)
0.000
0.386
0.772
1.158
1.544
1.929
2.315
3.087
4.052
4.245
5.017
5.788
V(9 Marcha)
V(10 Marcha)
0.000
0.000
0.487
0.608
0.974
1.216
1.462
1.824
1.949
2.432
2.436
3.040
2.923
3.648
3.898
4.864
5.116
6.384
5.360
6.688
6.334
7.904
7.309
9.120
V(11 Marcha)
0.000
0.758
1.515
2.273
3.031
3.788
4.546
6.061
7.955
8.334
9.849
11.365
V(12 Marcha)
0.000
0.946
1.892
2.837
3.783
4.729
5.675
7.566
9.931
10.404
12.295
14.187
V(13 Marcha)
V(14 Marcha)
0.000
0.000
1.158
1.447
2.315
2.894
3.473
4.341
4.631
5.788
5.788
7.235
6.946
8.683
9.261
11.577
12.156
15.194
12.734
15.918
15.050
18.812
17.365
21.706
22
UNT
Me [Nm]
ne [rpm]
0
0
V(1 Marcha)
0.000
0.106
0.212
0.317
0.423
0.529
0.635
0.847
1.111
1.270
1.481
1.693
V(2 Marcha)
0.000
0.132
0.264
0.396
0.528
0.660
0.792
1.056
1.386
1.583
1.847
2.111
V(3 Marcha)
0.000
0.156
0.312
0.468
0.624
0.780
0.936
1.248
1.638
1.872
2.184
2.496
V(4 Marcha)
V(5 Marcha)
V(6 Marcha)
V(7 Marcha)
V(8 Marcha)
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.195
0.243
0.303
0.371
0.463
0.389
0.485
0.605
0.742
0.926
0.584
0.728
0.908
1.113
1.389
0.779
0.970
1.210
1.484
1.852
0.973
1.213
1.513
1.855
2.315
1.168
1.455
1.815
2.226
2.778
1.557
1.940
2.420
2.968
3.705
2.044
2.547
3.177
3.896
4.862
2.336
2.910
3.630
4.453
5.557
2.725
3.395
4.235
5.195
6.483
3.115
3.880
4.840
5.937
7.409
V(9 Marcha)
V(10 Marcha)
0.000
0.000
0.585
0.730
1.169
1.459
1.754
2.189
2.339
2.918
2.923
3.648
3.508
4.378
4.677
5.837
6.139
7.661
7.016
8.755
8.186
10.215
9.355
11.674
V(11 Marcha)
0.000
0.909
1.818
2.727
3.637
4.546
5.455
7.273
9.546
10.910
12.728
14.547
V(12 Marcha)
V(13 Marcha)
V(14 Marcha)
0.000
0.000
0.000
1.135
1.389
1.737
2.270
2.778
3.473
3.405
4.168
5.210
4.540
5.557
6.946
5.675
6.946
8.683
6.810
8.335
10.419
9.080
11.114
13.892
11.917
14.587
18.233
13.620
16.670
20.838
15.890
19.449
24.311
18.159
22.227
27.784
Me [Nm]
ne [rpm]
0
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
800
1050
1300
1500
1700
V(1 Marcha)
V(2 Marcha)
V(3 Marcha)
V(4 Marcha)
V(5 Marcha)
V(6 Marcha)
V(7 Marcha)
V(8 Marcha)
V(9 Marcha)
V(10 Marcha)
V(11 Marcha)
V(12 Marcha)
V(13 Marcha)
V(14 Marcha)
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.123
0.154
0.182
0.227
0.247
0.308
0.364
0.454
0.370
0.462
0.546
0.681
0.494
0.616
0.728
0.908
0.617
0.770
0.910
1.136
0.741
0.924
1.092
1.363
0.988
1.232
1.456
1.817
1.296
1.616
1.911
2.385
1.605
2.001
2.366
2.953
1.852
2.309
2.730
3.407
2.099
2.617
3.094
3.861
0.000
0.283
0.566
0.849
1.132
1.415
1.698
2.264
2.971
3.678
4.244
4.810
0.000
0.353
0.706
1.059
1.412
1.765
2.118
2.824
3.706
4.588
5.294
6.000
0.000
0.433
0.866
1.299
1.732
2.164
2.597
3.463
4.545
5.628
6.493
7.359
0.000
0.540
1.080
1.621
2.161
2.701
3.241
4.322
5.673
7.023
8.104
9.184
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.682
0.851
1.061
1.324
1.621
2.026
1.364
1.702
2.121
2.648
3.241
4.052
2.046
2.554
3.182
3.972
4.862
6.078
2.729
3.405
4.243
5.297
6.483
8.104
3.411
4.256
5.303
6.621
8.104
10.130
4.093
5.107
6.364
7.945
9.724
12.156
5.457
6.810
8.486
10.593
12.966
16.207
7.162
8.938
11.137
13.903
17.018
21.272
8.868
11.066
13.789
17.214
21.070
26.337
10.232
12.768
15.910
19.862
24.311
30.389
11.596
14.471
18.032
22.510
27.552
34.441
23
UNT
Me [Nm]
ne [rpm]
V(1 Marcha)
V(2 Marcha)
V(3 Marcha)
V(4 Marcha)
V(5 Marcha)
V(6 Marcha)
V(7 Marcha)
V(8 Marcha)
V(9 Marcha)
V(10 Marcha)
V(11 Marcha)
V(12 Marcha)
V(13 Marcha)
V(14 Marcha)
0
0
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
Me [Nm]
ne [rpm]
V(1 Marcha)
V(2 Marcha)
V(3 Marcha)
V(4 Marcha)
V(5 Marcha)
V(6 Marcha)
V(7 Marcha)
V(8 Marcha)
V(9 Marcha)
V(10 Marcha)
V(11 Marcha)
V(12 Marcha)
V(13 Marcha)
V(14 Marcha)
0
0
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.557
0.695
0.877
1.094
1.364
1.702
2.084
2.605
1.113
1.389
1.754
2.189
2.727
3.405
4.168
5.210
1.670
2.084
2.631
3.283
4.091
5.107
6.251
7.814
2.226
2.778
3.508
4.378
5.455
6.810
8.335
10.419
2.783
3.473
4.385
5.472
6.819
8.512
10.419
13.024
4.453
5.557
7.016
8.755
10.910
13.620
16.670
20.838
5.844
7.293
9.209
11.492
14.319
17.876
21.880
27.350
7.235
9.030
11.401
14.228
17.729
22.132
27.089
33.862
8.349
10.419
13.155
16.416
20.456
25.537
31.257
39.071
9.462
11.808
14.909
18.605
23.184
28.942
35.425
44.281
24
10.575
13.197
16.663
20.794
25.911
32.347
39.592
49.490
UNT
Me [Nm]
ne [rpm]
V(1 Marcha)
V(2 Marcha)
V(3 Marcha)
V(4 Marcha)
V(5 Marcha)
V(6 Marcha)
V(7 Marcha)
V(8 Marcha)
V(9 Marcha)
V(10 Marcha)
V(11 Marcha)
V(12 Marcha)
V(13 Marcha)
V(14 Marcha)
Me [Nm]
ne [rpm]
V(1 Marcha)
V(2 Marcha)
V(3 Marcha)
V(4 Marcha)
V(5 Marcha)
V(6 Marcha)
V(7 Marcha)
V(8 Marcha)
V(9 Marcha)
V(10 Marcha)
V(11 Marcha)
V(12 Marcha)
V(13 Marcha)
V(14 Marcha)
0
0
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0
0
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
561.214434
1500
2.593
3.233
3.822
4.770
5.942
7.412
9.091
11.345
14.325
17.876
22.274
27.807
34.035
42.544
720.848762
1700
2.938
3.664
4.332
5.405
6.734
8.400
10.303
12.858
16.235
20.259
25.244
31.514
38.573
48.217
900.43738 1099.98029
1900
2100
3.284
3.630
4.095
4.526
4.842
5.351
6.041
6.677
7.526
8.319
9.388
10.377
11.515 12.727
14.371 15.883
18.145 20.055
22.643 25.026
28.214 31.184
35.222 38.929
43.112 47.650
53.889 59.562
25
UNT
Uth
ne [rpm]
V(1 Marcha)
V(2 Marcha)
0
1050
0
0
V(3 Marcha)
V(4 Marcha)
V(5 Marcha)
V(6 Marcha)
V(7 Marcha)
V(8 Marcha)
V(9 Marcha)
V(10 Marcha)
V(11 Marcha)
V(12 Marcha)
V(13 Marcha)
V(14 Marcha)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.62407931
0.77869986
0.97011212
1.21010501
1.48418863
1.85226741
2.33872147
2.91848856
3.63665067
4.53987109
5.55680222
6.73266574
1.01412889
1.26538728
1.57643219
1.96642065
2.41180652
3.00993454
3.80042239
4.74254391
5.90955733
7.37729053
9.02980361
10.9405818
1.45618507
1.81696635
2.26359494
2.82357836
3.4631068
4.32195728
5.45701677
6.80980664
8.48551822
10.5930326
12.9658718
15.7095534
1.95024786
2.43343707
3.03160037
3.78157817
4.63808946
5.78833564
7.3085046
9.12027675
11.3645333
14.1870972
17.3650069
21.0395804
2.49631726
3.11479945
3.88044848
4.84042005
5.93675451
7.40906963
9.35488589
11.6739542
14.5466027
18.1594844
22.2272089
26.930663
3.09439327
3.86105349
4.81013926
6.00010402
7.35910194
9.18415922
11.5961606
14.4708391
18.0317262
22.5101942
27.5524777
33.382801
3.74447589
4.67219918
5.82067272
7.26063008
8.90513176
11.1136044
14.0323288
17.5109314
21.819904
27.2392266
33.3408133
40.3959945
4.44656512
5.54823652
6.91204885
8.62199822
10.574844
13.1974053
16.6633905
20.794231
25.911136
32.3465815
39.5922158
47.9702434
4.94062791
6.16470725
7.68005428
9.57999802
11.7498266
14.6637836
18.5148783
23.1047011
28.7901511
35.9406462
43.9913509
53.3002705
26
5.35148012
6.67735132
8.31871142
10.3766505
12.7269175
15.883193
20.0545366
25.0260394
31.1842795
38.9293946
47.649579
57.7326087
UNT
27
UNT
28
UNT
29
UNT
30
UNT
31
UNT
dado.
32
UNT
dado.
ne [rpm]
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1050
Mb[Nm]
0.0000
19.9540
79.8161
179.5863
319.2645
498.8507
718.3451
977.7474
1277.0579
1616.2764
1995.4029
2199.9317
Uth
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Kth
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
Pt1
0.0
13734.5
54938.0
123610.5
219751.9
343362.4
494441.8
672990.3
879007.7
1112494.1
1373449.5
1514228.1
Pt2
0.0
11014.4
44057.5
99129.4
176230.1
275359.5
396517.6
539704.6
704920.2
892164.7
1101437.9
1214335.3
Pt3
Pt4
Pt5
Pt6
Pt7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
9315.4
7465.7
5992.6
4804.1
3917.0
37261.4
29862.7
23970.5
19216.6
15667.9
83838.2
67191.1
53933.6
43237.3
35252.7
149045.6
119450.8
95882.0
76866.3
62671.5
232883.8
186641.8
149815.6
120103.6
97924.2
335352.7
268764.2
215734.5
172949.2
141010.8
456452.3
365818.0
293638.7
235403.1
191931.4
596182.5
477803.1
383528.0
307465.2
250685.9
754543.5
604719.5
485402.7
389135.7
317274.4
931535.2
746567.3
599262.6
480414.4
391696.8
1027017.6
823090.5
660687.0
529656.9
431845.7
Pt8
0.0
3138.6
12554.4
28247.4
50217.5
78464.9
112989.4
153791.2
200870.1
254226.3
313859.6
346030.2
Pt9
0.0
2485.8
9943.1
22371.9
39772.3
62144.2
89487.6
121802.6
159089.1
201347.2
248576.8
274055.9
Pt10
0.0
1992.0
7967.8
17927.7
31871.4
49799.1
71710.6
97606.1
127485.6
161348.9
199196.2
219613.8
Pt11
0.0
1598.6
6394.4
14387.3
25577.5
39964.8
57549.3
78331.0
102309.9
129485.9
159859.1
176244.7
Pt12
0.0
1280.5
5122.2
11524.9
20488.8
32013.7
46099.7
62746.8
81955.0
103724.3
128054.7
141180.3
Pt13
0.0
1046.2
4184.8
9415.8
16739.2
26155.0
37663.1
51263.7
66956.7
84742.1
104619.9
115343.4
Pt14
0.0
837.0
3347.8
7532.6
13391.3
20924.0
30130.5
41011.0
53565.4
67793.7
83695.9
92274.7
33
UNT
ne [rpm]
100
200
300
800
900
1050
1100
Mb[Nm]
0.0000
18.1812
72.7247
163.6306
290.8989
454.5295
654.5225
890.8779
1163.5956
1472.6757
2004.4752
2199.9229
Uth
Kth
0.10
3.1
0.10
3.1
0.10
3.1
0.10
3.1
0.10
3.1
0.10
3.1
0.10
3.1
0.10
3.1
0.10
3.1
0.10
3.1
0.10
3.1
0.10
3.1
Pt1
0.0
11237.3
44949.1
101135.4
179796.3
280931.7
404541.7
550626.2
719185.2
910218.8
1238908.9
1359709.6
Pt2
Pt3
Pt4
0.0
0.0
0.0
9011.7
7621.6
6108.3
36046.9
30486.5
24433.0
81105.6
68594.6
54974.3
144187.7
121945.9
97732.1
225293.2
190540.5
152706.3
324422.2
274378.4
219897.1
441574.7
373459.4
299304.4
576750.6
487783.8
390928.2
729950.0
617351.3
494768.5
993543.0
840283.7
673434.9
1090419.1
922216.2
739098.7
Pt5
0.0
4903.0
19612.2
44127.3
78448.6
122575.9
176509.4
240248.8
313794.4
397146.0
540559.9
593267.5
Pt6
0.0
3930.6
15722.6
35375.8
62890.4
98266.2
141503.3
192601.7
251561.4
318382.4
433353.9
475608.3
Pt7
0.0
3204.8
12819.1
28843.0
51276.5
80119.5
115372.0
157034.2
205105.8
259587.1
353326.9
387778.2
Pt8
0.0
2567.9
10271.7
23111.4
41086.9
64198.3
92445.5
125828.7
164347.6
208002.5
283114.5
310719.7
Pt9
0.0
2033.8
8135.2
18304.2
32540.8
50845.0
73216.9
99656.3
130163.3
164738.0
224226.7
246090.0
Pt10
0.0
1629.8
6519.1
14668.0
26076.5
40744.5
58672.1
79859.3
104306.0
132012.2
179683.3
197203.5
Pt11
0.0
1307.9
5231.7
11771.4
20926.9
32698.3
47085.6
64088.7
83707.7
105942.6
144199.6
158259.9
Pt12
0.0
1047.7
4190.9
9429.4
16763.5
26192.9
37717.8
51338.1
67053.8
84865.0
115510.7
126773.7
Pt13
0.0
856.0
3423.9
7703.8
13695.6
21399.4
30815.2
41942.9
54782.5
69334.2
94371.5
103573.2
Pt14
0.0
684.8
2739.1
6163.0
10956.5
17119.5
24652.1
33554.3
43826.0
55467.3
75497.2
82858.6
Me [Nm]
ne [rpm]
1684.388094
1848.625481
2200.017102
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1050
1100
1200
Uth
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
Kth
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
Pt1
0.0
8369.8
33479.1
75328.0
133916.5
209244.6
301312.2
410119.4
535666.1
922768.5
1012743.7
1205248.7
Pt2
0.0
6890.7
27562.6
62016.0
110250.6
172266.6
248063.8
337642.4
441002.4
759695.5
833770.1
992255.3
Pt3
0.0
5676.8
22707.1
51090.9
90828.2
141919.1
204363.5
278161.4
363312.8
625863.1
686888.3
817453.9
Pt4
0.0
4549.6
18198.3
40946.1
72793.1
113739.3
163784.6
222929.0
291172.6
501590.2
550498.1
655138.2
Pt5
0.0
3651.9
14607.6
32867.1
58430.4
91297.4
131468.3
178943.0
233721.5
402621.7
441879.6
525873.3
Pt6
0.0
2927.6
11710.6
26348.7
46842.2
73191.0
105395.0
143454.3
187368.9
322772.2
354244.3
421580.0
Pt7
0.0
2387.0
9548.0
21483.0
38191.9
59674.9
85931.8
116962.7
152767.7
263166.2
288826.4
343727.2
Pt8
0.0
1912.7
7650.6
17213.9
30602.5
47816.4
68855.6
93720.1
122410.0
210870.3
231431.4
275422.5
Pt9
0.0
1514.8
6059.3
13633.4
24237.2
37870.6
54533.6
74226.4
96948.7
167009.3
183293.7
218134.6
Pt10
0.0
1213.9
4855.6
10925.1
19422.4
30347.5
43700.4
59481.1
77689.5
133832.4
146881.8
174801.5
Pt11
0.0
974.2
3896.7
8767.6
15586.9
24354.5
35070.5
47734.8
62347.5
107403.3
117875.7
140281.8
Pt12
Pt13
0.0
0.0
780.4
637.6
3121.5
2550.2
7023.3
5738.0
12485.8
10200.8
19509.1
15938.8
28093.1
22951.9
38237.8
31240.0
49943.3
40803.3
86035.1
70290.1
94424.0
77143.8
112372.4
91807.5
Pt14
0.0
510.0
2040.2
4590.4
8160.7
12751.0
18361.5
24992.0
32642.7
56232.1
61715.0
73446.0
34
UNT
Me [Nm]
1435.213478
1874.564542
2200.009775
ne [rpm]
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1050
1200
1300
Uth
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
Kth
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
Pt1
0.0
6217.3
24869.3
55955.8
99477.0
155432.9
223823.3
304648.4
397908.1
685458.9
895293.3
1050726.1
Pt2
0.0
4986.0
19943.9
44873.8
79775.6
124649.4
179495.1
244312.8
319102.4
549703.8
717980.5
842629.9
Pt3
0.0
4216.9
16867.4
37951.8
67469.8
105421.6
151807.0
206626.3
269879.2
464909.1
607228.2
712649.7
Pt4
0.0
3379.6
13518.2
30416.0
54072.8
84488.8
121663.9
165598.0
216291.3
372595.6
486655.5
571144.3
Pt5
0.0
2712.7
10850.9
24414.6
43403.8
67818.4
97658.4
132924.0
173615.0
299079.0
390633.8
458452.1
Pt6
0.0
2174.7
8698.9
19572.6
34795.7
54368.4
78290.4
106562.0
139183.0
239764.4
313161.7
367530.0
Pt7
0.0
1773.1
7092.5
15958.2
28370.0
44328.2
63832.6
86883.3
113480.2
195487.4
255330.4
299658.6
Pt8
0.0
1420.8
5683.1
12787.0
22732.4
35519.4
51147.9
69618.0
90929.6
156640.5
204591.7
240111.1
Pt9
0.0
1125.3
4501.0
10127.3
18004.1
28131.4
40509.2
55137.5
72016.3
124059.3
162036.6
190168.0
Pt10
0.0
901.7
3606.9
8115.5
14427.5
22543.0
32461.9
44184.2
57710.0
99414.5
129847.5
152390.5
Pt11
0.0
723.6
2894.6
6512.8
11578.4
18091.2
26051.3
35458.8
46313.5
79782.2
104205.4
122296.6
Pt12
0.0
579.7
2318.7
5217.1
9274.8
14491.9
20868.4
28404.1
37099.3
63909.3
83473.4
97965.3
Pt13
0.0
473.6
1894.4
4262.3
7577.5
11839.8
17049.3
23206.0
30309.9
52213.5
68197.2
80037.0
Pt14
0.0
378.9
1515.5
3409.9
6062.0
9471.8
13639.4
18564.8
24247.9
41770.8
54557.8
64029.6
Me [Nm]
1237.506676
1616.33525
2200.011868
ne [rpm]
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1050
1200
1400
Uth
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
Kth
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.1
Pt1
0.0
4572.5
18290.0
41152.4
73159.9
114312.3
164609.7
224052.1
292639.5
504117.3
658438.9
896208.4
Pt2
0.0
3666.9
14667.6
33002.2
58670.6
91672.8
132008.8
179678.6
234682.3
404276.8
528035.1
718714.4
Pt3
0.0
3101.3
12405.1
27911.4
49620.3
77531.7
111645.7
151962.2
198481.3
341915.0
446582.8
607848.9
Pt4
Pt5
0.0
0.0
2485.5
1995.1
9941.9
7980.3
22369.3
17955.6
39767.6
31921.1
62136.9
49876.7
89477.1
71822.4
121788.2
97758.3
159070.3
127684.3
274023.5
219956.1
357908.3
287289.6
487152.9
391033.1
Pt6
0.0
1599.4
6397.6
14394.6
25590.4
39984.9
57578.3
78370.5
102361.4
176333.5
230313.2
313481.8
Pt7
Pt8
0.0
0.0
1304.0
1044.9
5216.2
4179.6
11736.3
9404.1
20864.6
16718.4
32600.9
26122.6
46945.4
37616.5
63897.9
51200.2
83458.4
66873.7
143770.2
115200.5
187781.5
150465.9
255591.4
204800.8
Pt9
0.0
827.6
3310.3
7448.1
13241.0
20689.1
29792.3
40550.6
52964.0
91238.8
119169.0
162202.3
Pt10
0.0
663.2
2652.7
5968.5
10610.6
16579.1
23873.9
32495.1
42442.5
73113.9
95495.7
129980.3
Pt11
0.0
532.2
2128.8
4789.8
8515.3
13305.1
19159.3
26078.0
34061.0
58675.4
76637.3
104311.9
Pt12
0.0
426.3
1705.3
3836.9
6821.1
10658.0
15347.5
20889.7
27284.5
47001.8
61390.1
83558.7
Pt13
Pt14
0.0
0.0
348.3
278.6
1393.2
1114.6
3134.7
2507.8
5572.8
4458.2
8707.5
6966.0
12538.8
10031.1
17066.7
13653.4
22291.2
17833.0
38400.2
30720.1
50155.3
40124.2
68266.9
54613.6
35
UNT
Me [Nm]
ne [rpm]
1102.462801
1539.803416
2050.034134
100
200
300
400
500
600
800
1050
1200
1400
1600
Uth
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
Kth
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
Pt1
Pt2
0.0
0.0
3071.7
2463.3
12286.7
9853.3
27645.1
22170.0
49146.9
39413.3
76792.0
61583.3
110580.4
88680.0
196587.5
157653.3
338652.6
271582.5
371673.2
298063.3
519113.7
416303.3
691127.8
554249.9
Pt3
0.0
2083.4
8333.4
18750.2
33333.6
52083.8
75000.6
133334.5
229689.4
252085.5
352086.3
468753.9
Pt4
0.0
1669.7
6678.7
15027.1
26714.8
41741.9
60108.3
106859.2
184081.7
202030.7
282175.2
375677.0
Pt5
0.0
1340.2
5360.9
12062.1
21443.7
33505.8
48248.4
85774.9
147760.7
162168.2
226499.4
301552.4
Pt6
0.0
1074.4
4297.7
9669.9
17190.9
26860.8
38679.6
68763.7
118456.2
130006.3
181579.1
241747.3
Pt7
0.0
876.0
3504.1
7884.2
14016.3
21900.5
31536.7
56065.2
96581.0
105998.2
148047.1
197104.1
Pt8
Pt9
Pt10
Pt11
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
701.9
555.9
445.5
357.5
2807.8
2223.7
1782.0
1430.1
6317.4
5003.4
4009.5
3217.7
11231.0
8895.0
7127.9
5720.3
17548.4
13898.4
11137.4
8938.0
25269.8
20013.6
16037.9
12870.7
44924.0
35579.8
28511.8
22881.3
77388.6
61291.8
49116.0
39416.6
84934.5
67268.1
53905.1
43259.9
118627.5
93952.9
75288.9
60420.9
157936.0
125085.3
100236.7
80442.1
Pt12
0.0
286.4
1145.6
2577.5
4582.2
7159.8
10310.1
18329.0
31574.6
34653.3
48400.0
64437.9
Pt13
0.0
234.0
935.9
2105.8
3743.7
5849.5
8423.3
14974.7
25796.2
28311.5
39542.5
52645.3
Pt14
0.0
187.2
748.7
1684.7
2994.9
4679.6
6738.6
11979.7
20637.0
22649.2
31634.0
42116.3
Me [Nm]
ne [rpm]
0
0
0.60
1.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
835.486498
1050
0.60
1.4
222986.7
178824.2
151239.6
121209.1
97293.4
77997.8
63594.0
50956.8
40357.7
32340.6
25954.0
20790.4
16985.6
13588.5
1091.247671
1200
0.60
1.4
291248.0
233566.3
197537.5
158314.0
127077.1
101874.7
83061.6
66555.8
52712.2
42240.7
33899.1
27154.7
22185.3
17748.2
1485.30933
1400
0.60
1.4
396420.9
317909.7
268870.5
215482.9
172966.1
138662.8
113056.0
90589.8
71747.1
57494.3
46140.4
36960.6
30196.6
24157.3
1939.99586
1600
0.60
1.4
517774.2
415229.0
351177.8
281447.0
225914.9
181110.5
147665.0
118321.3
93710.5
75094.6
60265.0
48275.1
39440.4
31552.4
Uth
Kth
Pt1
Pt2
Pt3
Pt4
Pt5
Pt6
Pt7
Pt8
Pt9
Pt10
Pt11
Pt12
Pt13
Pt14
36
UNT
Me [Nm]
ne [rpm]
Uth
Kth
Pt1
Pt2
Pt3
Pt4
Pt5
Pt6
Pt7
Pt8
Pt9
Pt10
Pt11
Pt12
Pt13
Pt14
Me [Nm]
ne [rpm]
Uth
Kth
Pt1
Pt2
Pt3
Pt4
Pt5
Pt6
Pt7
Pt8
Pt9
Pt10
Pt11
Pt12
Pt13
Pt14
0
0
0.70
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
686.67989
1050
0.70
1.0
135041.8
108296.8
91591.5
73404.8
58921.4
47235.8
38512.8
30859.7
24440.8
19585.6
15717.9
12590.7
10286.6
8229.2
1052.597746
1300
0.70
1.0
207002.9
166006.0
140398.7
112520.8
90319.4
72406.9
59035.6
47304.1
37464.9
30022.4
24093.6
19300.1
15768.0
12614.4
1401.387532
1500
0.70
1.0
275595.6
221013.9
186921.3
149805.8
120247.7
96399.7
78597.7
62978.9
49879.3
39970.6
32077.2
25695.4
20993.0
16794.4
1800.004429
1700
0.70
1.0
353987.3
283880.1
240090.1
192417.2
154451.5
123820.0
100954.3
80892.9
64067.2
51340.0
41201.4
33004.3
26964.3
21571.4
0
0
0.80
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
755.564664
1200
0.80
1.0
148588.7
119160.7
100779.5
80768.5
64832.1
51974.3
42376.3
33955.4
26892.6
21550.3
17294.6
13853.8
11318.5
9054.8
1028.40746
1400
0.80
1.0
202245.7
162190.9
137172.1
109934.9
88243.7
70742.9
57678.8
46217.0
36603.9
29332.4
23539.9
18856.5
15405.7
12324.5
1343.22607
1600
0.80
1.0
264157.6
211841.2
179163.6
143588.4
115257.1
92398.8
75335.6
60365.1
47809.2
38311.7
30746.0
24629.0
20121.7
16097.4
1700.020494
1800
0.80
1.0
334324.5
268111.5
226753.9
181729.1
145872.2
116942.3
95346.7
76399.6
60508.5
48488.3
38912.8
31171.0
25466.5
20373.2
37
UNT
0
0
0.90
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
934.9060001
1500
0.90
1.0
183857.8
147444.7
124700.6
99939.8
80220.7
64311.0
52434.8
42015.0
33275.9
26665.5
21399.7
17142.1
14005.0
11204.0
1200.834818
1700
0.90
1.0
236155.1
189384.6
160171.0
128367.1
103039.0
82603.9
67349.5
53966.0
42741.1
34250.4
27486.7
22018.1
17988.7
14390.9
Uth
0
0
0.95
832.0009867
1600
0.95
1053.001249 1300.001542
1800
2000
0.95
0.95
Kth
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
Pt1
Pt2
Pt3
Pt4
Pt5
Pt6
Pt7
Pt8
Pt9
Pt10
Pt11
Pt12
Pt13
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
639.1
512.6
433.5
347.4
278.9
223.6
182.3
146.1
115.7
92.7
74.4
59.6
48.7
2556.6
2050.2
1734.0
1389.7
1115.5
894.3
729.1
584.2
462.7
370.8
297.6
238.4
194.7
10226.3
8201.0
6935.9
5558.7
4461.9
3577.0
2916.5
2336.9
1850.8
1483.2
1190.3
953.5
779.0
23009.1
18452.2
15605.8
12507.1
10039.3
8048.3
6562.0
5258.0
4164.4
3337.1
2678.1
2145.3
1752.7
40905.1
32803.9
27743.7
22234.8
17847.7
14308.1
11665.8
9347.6
7403.3
5932.6
4761.0
3813.8
3115.9
70465.5
56509.8
47792.9
38303.0
30745.5
24647.9
20096.2
16102.7
12753.4
10219.9
8201.7
6569.9
5367.6
92036.6
73808.7
62423.3
50028.4
40157.3
32193.2
26248.1
21032.1
16657.4
13348.4
10712.4
8581.1
7010.7
125272.0
100461.9
84965.1
68094.2
54658.6
43818.5
35726.6
28627.1
22672.6
18168.6
14580.7
11679.8
9542.4
163620.6
131215.5
110974.8
88939.4
71390.8
57232.3
46663.3
37390.4
29613.2
23730.5
19044.2
15255.3
12463.5
207082.3
166069.6
140452.5
112563.9
90354.0
72434.6
59058.2
47322.3
37479.2
30033.9
24102.8
19307.5
15774.1
255657.1
205024.2
173398.2
138967.8
111548.1
89425.5
72911.4
58422.6
46270.7
37078.9
29756.6
23836.4
19474.2
Pt14
0.0
38.9
155.8
623.2
1402.1
2492.7
4294.1
5608.6
7633.9
9970.8
12619.3
15579.4
Me [Nm]
ne [rpm]
Uth
Kth
Pt1
Pt2
Pt3
Pt4
Pt5
Pt6
Pt7
Pt8
Pt9
Pt10
Pt11
Pt12
Pt13
Pt14
Me [Nm]
ne [rpm]
38
1500.004738
1900
0.90
1.0
294989.6
236566.9
200075.2
160347.8
128709.7
103183.4
84128.7
67410.8
53389.3
42783.4
34334.6
27503.6
22470.3
17976.2
UNT
Me [Nm]
ne [rpm]
Uth
Kth
Pt1
Pt2
Pt3
Pt4
Pt5
Pt6
Pt7
Pt8
Pt9
Pt10
Pt11
Pt12
Pt13
Pt14
0
0
0.98
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
561.214434
1500
0.98
1.0
110367.9
88509.6
74856.5
59992.8
48155.7
38605.2
31476.0
25221.2
19975.2
16007.0
12846.0
10290.2
8407.1
6725.7
720.8487615
1700
0.98
1.0
141761.5
113685.6
96149.0
77057.4
61853.3
49586.3
40429.2
32395.2
25657.0
20560.2
16500.0
13217.2
10798.4
8638.7
900.4373803
1900
0.98
1.0
177079.2
142008.7
120103.1
96255.1
77263.1
61940.0
50501.6
40466.0
32049.1
25682.4
20610.7
16510.1
13488.7
10790.9
1099.98029
2100
0.98
1.0
216321.1
173478.7
146718.7
117585.9
94385.1
75666.3
61693.0
49433.5
39151.4
31373.8
25178.1
20168.9
16477.8
13182.3
39
UNT
40
UNT
41
UNT
42
UNT
43
UNT
Fig.II.10 Fuerza
dado.
44
UNT
Me [Nm]
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2050
1940
1800
1700
1500
1300
1100
ne [rpm]
1050
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2100
Uth
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
0.95
0.98
3.5
3.1429
2.7857
2.4286
Kth
2.0714
1.7143
1.3571
1.0
Pt1
896203.6
691116.3
517775.3
353986.4
334320.5
294988.7
255656.8
216325.0
Pt2
1214372.9 1090457.3
966541.7
842626.1
718710.5
554240.7
415229.9
283879.4
268108.3
236566.2
205024.0
173481.8
Pt3
Pt4
Pt5
Pt6
Pt7
1027049.5
823116.0
660707.5
529673.3
431859.1
922248.5
739124.6
593288.3
475625.0
387791.8
817447.5
655133.1
525869.2
421576.7
343724.6
712646.6
571141.7
458450.1
367528.4
299657.3
607845.6
487150.3
391030.9
313480.1
255590.1
468746.1
375670.8
301547.4
241743.3
197100.8
351178.5
281447.6
225915.4
181110.9
147665.4
240089.5
192416.7
154451.1
123819.7
100954.1
226751.2
181726.9
145870.5
116940.9
95345.5
200074.6
160347.3
128709.2
103183.1
84128.4
173398.0
138967.6
111548.0
89425.4
72911.3
146721.4
117588.0
94386.8
75667.6
61694.2
Pt8
346040.9
310730.6
275420.3
240110.0
204799.7
157933.3
118321.6
80892.7
76398.6
67410.6
58422.5
49434.4
Pt9
274064.4
246098.7
218132.9
190167.1
162201.4
125083.2
93710.7
64067.0
60507.7
53389.2
46270.6
39152.1
Pt10
219620.6
197210.4
174800.1
152389.8
129979.6
100235.0
75094.8
51339.9
48487.7
42783.2
37078.8
31374.4
Pt11
176250.2
158265.5
140280.8
122296.0
104311.3
80440.7
60265.1
41201.3
38912.4
34334.4
29756.5
25178.6
Pt12
141184.7
126778.1
112371.5
97964.9
83558.3
64436.8
48275.2
33004.2
31170.6
27503.5
23836.4
20169.2
Pt13
115347.0
103576.9
91806.8
80036.7
68266.6
52644.4
39440.5
26964.2
25466.2
22470.2
19474.2
16478.1
Pt14
92277.6
82861.5
73445.4
64029.3
54613.3
42115.6
31552.4
21571.4
20373.0
17976.2
15579.3
13182.5
Fig.II.11 Fuerza
en funcin de
45
UNT
Donde:
,[ ]
,[ ]
[ ]
El valor de
.
.
Tipos de
automviles
cabina
cerrada
Livianos
cabina
abierta
De
carrera
Camiones
Buses
0.20-0.35
0.4-0.5
0.13-0.15
0.6-0.7
0.25-0.4
46
UNT
Obtenemos:
para diversas
dado.
Uth
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
ne [rpm]
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1050
1100
Pw1
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.14
0.15
Pw2
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.05
0.07
0.09
0.12
0.15
0.21
0.23
Pw3
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.07
0.10
0.13
0.17
0.22
0.29
0.32
Pw4
Pw5
Pw6
Pw7
Pw8
Pw9
Pw10
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.07
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.27
0.34
0.46
0.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.03
0.04
0.06
0.09
0.15
0.06
0.09
0.14
0.21
0.34
0.10
0.16
0.24
0.38
0.60
0.16
0.25
0.38
0.59
0.93
0.23
0.36
0.54
0.84
1.35
0.32
0.49
0.74
1.15
1.83
0.41
0.64
0.96
1.50
2.39
0.52
0.81
1.22
1.90
3.03
0.71
1.10
1.66
2.59
4.12
0.78
1.21
1.82
2.84
4.52
0.00
0.06
0.23
0.52
0.93
1.46
2.10
2.85
3.73
4.72
6.42
7.05
Pw11
0.00
0.09
0.36
0.81
1.45
2.26
3.25
4.43
5.79
7.32
9.97
10.94
Pw12
0.00
0.14
0.56
1.27
2.25
3.52
5.07
6.90
9.02
11.41
15.53
17.05
Pw13
Pw14
0.00
0.21
0.84
1.90
3.38
5.28
7.60
10.34
13.51
17.10
23.27
25.54
0.00
0.33
1.32
2.97
5.28
8.25
11.87
16.16
21.11
26.72
36.36
39.91
47
UNT
Pw1
0.2
0
0.00
0.2
100
0.00
0.2
200
0.02
0.2
300
0.04
0.2
400
0.08
0.2
500
0.12
0.2
600
0.18
0.2
700
0.24
0.2
800
0.31
0.2
1050
0.54
0.2
1100
0.59
0.2
1200
0.71
Pw2
0.00
0.01
0.03
0.07
0.12
0.19
0.27
0.37
0.49
0.84
0.92
1.10
Pw3
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.07
0.10
0.15
0.17
0.27
0.27
0.41
0.38
0.60
0.52
0.81
0.68
1.06
1.17
1.83
1.29
2.01
1.53
2.39
0.00
0.03
0.10
0.23
0.41
0.64
0.93
1.26
1.65
2.84
3.11
3.71
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.04
0.06
0.09
0.16
0.24
0.38
0.36
0.54
0.84
0.64
0.96
1.50
1.00
1.51
2.35
1.44
2.17
3.38
1.96
2.95
4.60
2.56
3.85
6.00
4.41
6.64
10.34
4.85
7.29
11.35
5.77
8.67
13.51
0.00
0.15
0.60
1.35
2.39
3.74
5.38
7.33
9.57
16.49
18.10
21.54
Pw10
0.00
0.23
0.93
2.10
3.73
5.82
8.38
11.41
14.91
25.68
28.18
33.54
Pw11
0.00
0.36
1.45
3.25
5.79
9.04
13.02
17.72
23.14
39.87
43.76
52.08
Pw12
0.00
0.56
2.25
5.07
9.02
14.09
20.29
27.62
36.07
62.13
68.19
81.16
Pw13
0.00
0.84
3.38
7.60
13.51
21.11
30.40
41.37
54.04
93.09
102.16
121.58
Pw14
0.00
1.32
5.28
11.87
21.11
32.98
47.49
64.64
84.43
145.45
159.63
189.98
Uth
ne [rpm]
Pw4
Pw5
Pw6
Pw7
Pw8
Pw9
Uth
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
ne [rpm]
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1050
1200
1300
Pw1
Pw2
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.07
0.10
0.15
0.18
0.27
0.28
0.43
0.40
0.62
0.54
0.84
0.71
1.10
1.22
1.89
1.59
2.47
1.86
2.90
Pw3
0.00
0.02
0.10
0.22
0.38
0.60
0.86
1.17
1.53
2.64
3.45
4.05
Pw4
Pw5
0.00
0.04
0.15
0.34
0.60
0.93
1.34
1.83
2.39
4.11
5.37
6.30
0.00
0.06
0.23
0.52
0.93
1.45
2.08
2.84
3.71
6.38
8.34
9.79
Pw6
0.00
0.09
0.36
0.81
1.44
2.25
3.24
4.41
5.77
9.93
12.97
15.23
Pw7
0.00
0.14
0.54
1.22
2.17
3.39
4.88
6.64
8.67
14.94
19.52
22.90
Pw8
0.00
0.21
0.84
1.90
3.38
5.28
7.60
10.34
13.51
23.27
30.40
35.67
Pw9
0.00
0.34
1.35
3.03
5.38
8.41
12.11
16.49
21.54
37.10
48.46
56.87
Pw10
Pw11
Pw12
0.00
0.52
2.10
4.72
8.38
13.10
18.87
25.68
33.54
57.78
75.46
88.56
0.00
0.81
3.25
7.32
13.02
20.34
29.29
39.87
52.08
89.71
117.17
137.51
0.00
1.27
5.07
11.41
20.29
31.70
45.65
62.13
81.16
139.80
182.60
214.30
Pw13
0.00
1.90
7.60
17.10
30.40
47.49
68.39
93.09
121.58
209.45
273.57
321.06
Pw14
0.00
2.97
11.87
26.72
47.49
74.21
106.86
145.45
189.98
327.26
427.45
501.65
48
UNT
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
Pw1
0
0.00
100
0.02
200
0.08
300
0.18
400
0.31
500
0.49
600
0.71
700
0.96
800
1.25
1050
2.16
1200
2.82
1400
3.84
Pw2
0.00
0.03
0.12
0.27
0.49
0.76
1.10
1.49
1.95
3.36
4.39
5.97
Pw3
0.00
0.04
0.17
0.38
0.68
1.06
1.53
2.09
2.73
4.70
6.13
8.35
Pw4
Pw5
0.00
0.07
0.27
0.60
1.06
1.66
2.39
3.25
4.24
7.31
9.55
13.00
0.00
0.10
0.41
0.93
1.65
2.57
3.71
5.04
6.59
11.35
14.82
20.18
Pw6
Pw7
Pw8
Pw9
Pw10
0.00
0.16
0.64
1.44
2.56
4.00
5.77
7.85
10.25
17.66
23.06
31.39
0.00
0.24
0.96
2.17
3.85
6.02
8.67
11.81
15.42
26.56
34.69
47.22
0.00
0.38
1.50
3.38
6.00
9.38
13.51
18.39
24.02
41.37
54.04
73.55
0.00
0.60
2.39
5.38
9.57
14.96
21.54
29.31
38.29
65.96
86.15
117.26
0.00
0.93
3.73
8.38
14.91
23.29
33.54
45.65
59.62
102.71
134.15
182.60
Pw11
0.00
1.45
5.79
13.02
23.14
36.16
52.08
70.88
92.58
159.48
208.30
283.52
Pw12
0.00
2.25
9.02
20.29
36.07
56.36
81.16
110.46
144.28
248.54
324.62
441.84
Pw13
Pw14
0.00
3.38
13.51
30.40
54.04
84.43
121.58
165.49
216.15
372.35
486.34
661.96
0.00
5.28
21.11
47.49
84.43
131.93
189.98
258.58
337.73
581.80
759.90
1034.31
Uth
ne [rpm]
Uth
ne [rpm]
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.1
100
200
300
400
500
600
800
1050
1200
1400
1600
Pw1
0.00
0.03
0.12
0.28
0.49
0.77
1.10
1.96
3.38
3.70
5.17
6.89
Pw2
0.00
0.05
0.19
0.43
0.76
1.19
1.71
3.05
5.25
5.76
8.05
10.71
Pw3
0.00
0.07
0.27
0.60
1.06
1.66
2.40
4.26
7.34
8.05
11.25
14.98
Pw4
0.00
0.10
0.41
0.93
1.66
2.59
3.73
6.63
11.43
12.54
17.51
23.32
Pw5
Pw6
Pw7
0.00
0.16
0.64
1.45
2.57
4.02
5.79
10.29
17.73
19.46
27.18
36.19
0.00
0.25
1.00
2.25
4.00
6.26
9.01
16.02
27.59
30.28
42.29
56.31
0.00
0.38
1.51
3.39
6.02
9.41
13.55
24.09
41.51
45.55
63.62
84.70
Pw8
0.00
0.59
2.35
5.28
9.38
14.66
21.11
37.53
64.64
70.95
99.09
131.93
Pw9
Pw10
Pw11
0.00
0.93
3.74
8.41
14.96
23.37
33.65
59.83
103.06
113.11
157.98
210.32
0.00
1.46
5.82
13.10
23.29
36.39
52.40
93.16
160.49
176.14
246.01
327.52
0.00
2.26
9.04
20.34
36.16
56.51
81.37
144.65
249.19
273.49
381.98
508.55
Pw12
0.00
3.52
14.09
31.70
56.36
88.06
126.80
225.43
388.34
426.20
595.28
792.53
Pw13
Pw14
0.00
5.28
21.11
47.49
84.43
131.93
189.98
337.73
581.80
638.53
891.83
1187.35
0.00
8.25
32.98
74.21
131.93
206.14
296.84
527.71
909.06
997.70
1393.49
1855.23
49
UNT
Uth
ne [rpm]
0.6
0
0.6
100
0.6
200
0.6
300
0.6
400
0.6
500
0.6
600
0.6
800
0.6
1050
0.6
1200
0.6
1400
0.6
1600
Pw1
0.00
0.04
0.18
0.40
0.71
1.10
1.59
2.82
4.86
6.35
8.64
11.29
Pw2
0.00
0.07
0.27
0.62
1.10
1.71
2.47
4.39
7.56
9.87
13.44
17.55
Pw3
0.00
0.10
0.38
0.86
1.53
2.40
3.45
6.13
10.57
13.80
18.79
24.54
Pw4
Pw5
Pw6
Pw7
Pw8
Pw9
Pw10
0.00
0.15
0.60
1.34
2.39
3.73
5.37
9.55
16.45
21.49
29.25
38.20
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.23
0.36
0.54
0.84
0.93
1.44
2.17
3.38
2.08
3.24
4.88
7.60
3.71
5.77
8.67
13.51
5.79
9.01
13.55
21.11
8.34
12.97
19.52
30.40
14.82
23.06
34.69
54.04
25.53
39.73
59.77
93.09
33.35
51.89
78.06
121.58
45.40
70.63
106.25
165.49
59.29
92.26
138.78
216.15
0.00
1.35
5.38
12.11
21.54
33.65
48.46
86.15
148.40
193.83
263.83
344.59
0.00
2.10
8.38
18.87
33.54
52.40
75.46
134.15
231.10
301.85
410.85
536.62
Pw11
0.00
3.25
13.02
29.29
52.08
81.37
117.17
208.30
358.83
468.68
637.92
833.20
Pw12
Pw13
Pw14
0.00
5.07
20.29
45.65
81.16
126.80
182.60
324.62
559.21
730.40
994.15
1298.48
0.00
0.00
7.60
11.87
30.40
47.49
68.39
106.86
121.58
189.98
189.98
296.84
273.57
427.45
486.34
759.90
837.79
1309.05
1094.26
1709.78
1489.41
2327.20
1945.35
3039.61
Uth
ne [rpm]
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
100
200
300
400
500
600
800
1050
1300
1500
1700
Pw1
0.00
0.06
0.24
0.54
0.96
1.50
2.16
3.84
6.62
10.14
13.50
17.34
Pw2
Pw3
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.09
0.13
0.20
0.32
0.37
0.52
0.81
1.26
0.84
1.17
1.83
2.84
1.49
2.09
3.25
5.04
2.33
3.26
5.08
7.88
3.36
4.70
7.31
11.35
5.97
8.35
13.00
20.18
10.29
14.38
22.39
34.76
15.77
22.05
34.33
53.28
21.00
29.35
45.70
70.93
26.97
37.70
58.70
91.11
0.00
0.49
1.96
4.41
7.85
12.26
17.66
31.39
54.08
82.90
110.36
141.76
0.00
0.74
2.95
6.64
11.81
18.45
26.56
47.22
81.35
124.70
166.02
213.24
0.00
1.15
4.60
10.34
18.39
28.73
41.37
73.55
126.70
194.22
258.58
332.13
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.83
2.85
4.43
6.90
10.34
16.16
7.33
11.41
17.72
27.62
41.37
64.64
16.49
25.68
39.87
62.13
93.09
145.45
29.31
45.65
70.88
110.46
165.49
258.58
45.80
71.33
110.75
172.60
258.58
404.03
65.96
102.71
159.48
248.54
372.35
581.80
117.26
182.60
283.52
441.84
661.96
1034.31
201.99
314.55
488.41
761.15
1140.33
1781.76
309.63
482.17
748.67
1166.74
1747.99
2731.23
412.23
641.95
996.75
1553.36
2327.20
3636.25
529.49
824.55
1280.27
1995.20
2989.16
4670.57
Pw4
Pw5
Pw6
Pw7
Pw8
Pw9
Pw10
Pw11
Pw12
Pw13
Pw14
50
UNT
Uth
ne [rpm]
Pw1
Pw2
Pw3
Pw4
Pw5
Pw6
Pw7
Pw8
Pw9
Pw10
Pw11
Pw12
Pw13
Pw14
Uth
ne [rpm]
Pw1
Pw2
Pw3
Pw4
Pw5
Pw6
Pw7
Pw8
Pw9
Pw10
Pw11
Pw12
Pw13
Pw14
0.8
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.9
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.8
100
0.08
0.12
0.17
0.27
0.41
0.64
0.96
1.50
2.39
3.73
5.79
9.02
13.51
21.11
0.9
100
0.10
0.15
0.22
0.34
0.52
0.81
1.22
1.90
3.03
4.72
7.32
11.41
17.10
26.72
0.8
200
0.31
0.49
0.68
1.06
1.65
2.56
3.85
6.00
9.57
14.91
23.14
36.07
54.04
84.43
0.9
200
0.40
0.62
0.86
1.34
2.08
3.24
4.88
7.60
12.11
18.87
29.29
45.65
68.39
106.86
0.8
300
0.71
1.10
1.53
2.39
3.71
5.77
8.67
13.51
21.54
33.54
52.08
81.16
121.58
189.98
0.8
1200
11.29
17.55
24.54
38.20
59.29
92.26
138.78
216.15
344.59
536.62
833.20
1298.48
1945.35
3039.61
0.8
1400
15.36
23.89
33.40
52.00
80.70
125.57
188.89
294.20
469.03
730.40
1134.08
1767.38
2647.84
4137.25
0.8
1600
20.07
31.20
43.62
67.92
105.41
164.01
246.72
384.27
612.61
953.99
1481.25
2308.41
3458.40
5403.75
0.8
1800
25.40
39.49
55.21
85.95
133.41
207.58
312.25
486.34
775.33
1207.39
1874.71
2921.58
4377.04
6839.13
0.9
300
0.89
1.39
1.94
3.02
4.69
7.30
10.98
17.10
27.26
42.45
65.91
102.71
153.88
240.44
0.9
1300
16.77
26.07
36.45
56.74
88.07
137.03
206.14
321.06
511.84
797.06
1237.60
1928.70
2889.53
4514.89
0.9
1500
22.32
34.71
48.52
75.55
117.25
182.44
274.44
427.45
681.44
1061.18
1647.69
2567.80
3847.01
6010.95
0.9
1700
28.67
44.58
62.33
97.04
150.60
234.33
352.51
549.03
875.28
1363.03
2116.37
3298.19
4941.27
7720.73
0.9
1900
35.81
55.69
77.85
121.21
188.12
292.71
440.33
685.81
1093.34
1702.61
2643.63
4119.88
6172.31
9644.24
51
UNT
Uth
ne [rpm]
Pw1
Pw2
Pw3
Pw4
Pw5
Pw6
Pw7
Pw8
Pw9
Pw10
Pw11
Pw12
Pw13
Pw14
Uth
ne [rpm]
Pw1
Pw2
Pw3
Pw4
Pw5
Pw6
Pw7
Pw8
Pw9
Pw10
Pw11
Pw12
Pw13
Pw14
0.95
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.98
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.95
100
0.11
0.17
0.24
0.37
0.58
0.90
1.36
2.12
3.37
5.25
8.16
12.72
19.05
29.77
0.98
100
0.12
0.18
0.26
0.40
0.62
0.96
1.45
2.25
3.59
5.59
8.68
13.53
20.27
31.68
0.95
200
0.44
0.69
0.96
1.50
2.32
3.61
5.44
8.47
13.50
21.02
32.64
50.86
76.20
119.06
0.98
200
0.47
0.73
1.02
1.59
2.47
3.85
5.78
9.01
14.36
22.37
34.73
54.13
81.09
126.70
0.95
400
1.77
2.75
3.84
5.99
9.29
14.46
21.74
33.87
53.99
84.08
130.55
203.45
304.81
476.26
0.95
1400
21.67
33.69
47.10
73.32
113.80
177.07
266.37
414.87
661.40
1029.97
1599.23
2492.28
3733.87
5834.17
0.95
1600
28.30
44.00
61.51
95.77
148.64
231.28
347.91
541.88
863.87
1345.27
2088.80
3255.22
4876.89
7620.14
0.95
1800
35.81
55.69
77.85
121.21
188.12
292.71
440.33
685.81
1093.34
1702.61
2643.63
4119.88
6172.31
9644.24
0.95
2000
44.21
68.75
96.12
149.64
232.25
361.38
543.61
846.68
1349.80
2101.98
3263.74
5086.28
7620.14
11906.47
0.98
400
1.88
2.93
4.09
6.37
9.89
15.38
23.14
36.04
57.46
89.47
138.93
216.50
324.36
506.81
0.98
1500
26.47
41.15
57.53
89.57
139.02
216.31
325.40
506.81
807.97
1258.22
1953.64
3044.58
4561.32
7127.06
0.98
1700
33.99
52.86
73.90
115.05
178.57
277.84
417.96
650.97
1037.80
1616.11
2509.34
3910.60
5858.76
9154.31
0.98
1900
42.46
66.03
92.31
143.72
223.05
347.07
522.09
813.15
1296.35
2018.74
3134.50
4884.86
7318.38
11434.97
0.98
2100
51.87
80.66
112.77
175.56
272.48
423.98
637.79
993.35
1583.63
2466.11
3829.13
5967.38
8940.18
13969.04
52
UNT
En base a la ecuacin
se puede construir una tabla en la cual se
obtenga a
en las diferentes marchas en funcin de
, esto es
.
en funcin de
Pw1
Pw2
0
1050
0.00
0.00
0.1
1100
0.15
0.23
0.2
1200
0.71
1.10
Pw3
0.00
0.32
1.53
4.05
8.35
14.98
24.54
37.70
55.21
77.85
96.12
112.77
Pw4
Pw5
Pw6
Pw7
Pw8
Pw9
Pw10
Pw11
Pw12
Pw13
Pw14
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.50
0.78
1.21
1.82
2.84
4.52
7.05
10.94
17.05
25.54
37.49
2.39
3.71
5.77
8.67
13.51
21.54
33.54
52.08
81.16
121.58
178.49
6.30
9.79
15.23
22.90
35.67
56.87
88.56
137.51
214.30
321.06
471.31
13.00
20.18
31.39
47.22
73.55
117.26
182.60
283.52
441.84
661.96
971.75
23.32
36.19
56.31
84.70
131.93
210.32
327.52
508.55
792.53
1187.35
1743.02
38.20
59.29
92.26
138.78
216.15
344.59
536.62
833.20
1298.48
1945.35
2855.76
58.70
91.11
141.76
213.24
332.13
529.49
824.55
1280.27
1995.20
2989.16
4388.07
85.95
133.41
207.58
312.25
486.34
775.33
1207.39
1874.71
2921.58
4377.04
6425.47
121.21
188.12
292.71
440.33
685.81
1093.34
1702.61
2643.63
4119.88
6172.31
9060.92
149.64
232.25
361.38
543.61
846.68
1349.80
2101.98
3263.74
5086.28
7620.14
11186.32
175.56
272.48
423.98
637.79
993.35
1583.63
2466.11
3829.13
5967.38
8940.18
13124.13
Uth
ne [rpm]
0.8
1800
25.40
39.49
0.9
1900
35.81
55.69
0.95
2000
44.21
68.75
0.98
2100
51.87
80.66
53
UNT
Donde:
[
[
]
]
[ ]
La tabla siguiente es el resultado de aplicar la ecuacin
la seccin anterior.
y los resultados de
Uth
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.95
0.98
Nt1
73276.83175
141708.9143
200754.2952
245871.0222
253936.4286
243514.7124
206369.8
235851.2
247123.5
237970.7778
218104.5533
Nt2
73276.83175
141708.9143
200754.2952
245871.0222
253936.4286
243514.7124
206369.8
235851.2
247123.5
237970.7778
218104.5533
Nt3
73276.83175
141708.9143
200754.2952
245871.0222
253936.4286
243514.7124
206369.8
235851.2
247123.5
237970.7778
218104.5533
Nt4
73276.83175
141708.9143
200754.2952
245871.0222
253936.4286
243514.7124
206369.8
235851.2
247123.5
237970.7778
218104.5533
Nt5
73276.83175
141708.9143
200754.2952
245871.0222
253936.4286
243514.7124
206369.8
235851.2
247123.5
237970.7778
218104.5533
Nt6
73276.83175
141708.9143
200754.2952
245871.0222
253936.4286
243514.7124
206369.8
235851.2
247123.5
237970.7778
218104.5533
Nt7
Nt8
0
0
73276.83175
73276.83175
141708.9143
141708.9143
200754.2952
200754.2952
245871.0222
245871.0222
253936.4286
253936.4286
243514.7124
243514.7124
206369.8
206369.8
235851.2
235851.2
247123.5
247123.5
237970.7778
237970.7778
218104.5533
218104.5533
Nt9
73276.83175
141708.9143
200754.2952
245871.0222
253936.4286
243514.7124
206369.8
235851.2
247123.5
237970.7778
218104.5533
Nt10
73276.83175
141708.9143
200754.2952
245871.0222
253936.4286
243514.7124
206369.8
235851.2
247123.5
237970.7778
218104.5533
Nt11
73276.83175
141708.9143
200754.2952
245871.0222
253936.4286
243514.7124
206369.8
235851.2
247123.5
237970.7778
218104.5533
Nt12
73276.83175
141708.9143
200754.2952
245871.0222
253936.4286
243514.7124
206369.8
235851.2
247123.5
237970.7778
218104.5533
Nt13
73276.83175
141708.9143
200754.2952
245871.0222
253936.4286
243514.7124
206369.8
235851.2
247123.5
237970.7778
218104.5533
Nt14
73276.83175
141708.9143
200754.2952
245871.0222
253936.4286
243514.7124
206369.8
235851.2
247123.5
237970.7778
218104.5533
54
UNT
Fig.II.12 Potencia
55
UNT
Donde:
[
[
[
Este factor es muy importante pues expresa la capacidad dinmicotraccional del vehculo para vencer la resistencia total de la carretera y las
resistencias que surgen en los cambios de marcha debido a las piezas que
entran en rotacin.
Las tablas que siguen caracterizan al factor dinmico para cada
, desde
hasta
.El anlisis que se realizo para obtener las tablas
consisti en suponer que el vehculo trabaja a plena carga. A su vez es
importante enfatizar que el anlisis se realiz entre las
del torque mximo
y las
de la potencia mxima, por tanto el anlisis del factor dinmico
empezar en
dado.
ne [rpm]
1050
D1
3.63190
D2
2.91260
D3
2.46331
D4
1.97419
D5
1.58467
D6
D7
D8
D9
D10
1.27039
1.03579
0.82996
0.65733
0.52675
D11
0.42273
D12
0.33862
D13
0.27665
D14
0.22132
56
UNT
ne [rpm]
D1
D2
D3
1050
2.9715
2.3830
2.0154
1100
3.2613
2.6154
2.2119
D4
1.6152
1.7727
D5
D6
1.2965
1.0394
1.4230
1.1407
D7
0.8475
0.9301
D8
D9
D10
0.6790
0.5378
0.4310
0.7453
0.5902
0.4730
D11
0.3458
0.3796
D12
0.2770
0.3040
D13
0.2263
0.2484
D14
0.1810
0.1986
1050
1100
1200
D1
2.2133
2.4291
2.8908
D2
1.8221
1.9998
2.3799
D3
1.5011
1.6475
1.9607
D4
D5
1.2031
0.9657
1.3204
1.0598
1.5714
1.2613
D6
0.7742
0.8496
1.0112
D7
0.6312
0.6927
0.8244
D8
0.5058
0.5551
0.6606
D9
0.4005
0.4396
0.5231
D10
0.3209
0.3522
0.4192
D11
0.2575
0.2826
0.3363
D12
0.2062
0.2263
0.2693
D13
0.1684
0.1848
0.2199
D14
0.1345
0.1476
0.1757
57
UNT
1050
1200
1300
D1
1.6441
2.1474
2.5202
D2
1.3185
1.7221
2.0211
D3
1.1151
1.4564
1.7093
D4
D5
0.8937
0.7173
1.1672
0.9369
1.3699
1.0996
D6
0.5751
0.7511
0.8815
D7
0.4688
0.6124
0.7187
D8
0.3756
0.4906
0.5758
D9
0.2975
0.3885
0.4560
D10
0.2383
0.3113
0.3653
D11
0.1911
0.2497
0.2930
D12
0.1530
0.1998
0.2345
D13
0.1247
0.1629
0.1912
D14
0.0994
0.1298
0.1524
1050
1200
1400
D1
1.2091
1.5793
2.1496
D2
0.9697
1.2665
1.7238
D3
0.8201
1.0711
1.4579
D4
0.6572
0.8584
1.1684
D5
0.5275
0.6890
0.9378
D6
0.4229
0.5524
0.7518
D7
0.3448
0.4503
0.6129
D8
0.2762
0.3608
0.4910
D9
0.2187
0.2856
0.3888
D10
0.1751
0.2287
0.3113
D11
0.1404
0.1833
0.2495
D12
0.1121
0.1465
0.1994
D13
0.0912
0.1191
0.1622
D14
0.0723
0.0944
0.1285
58
UNT
1050
1200
1400
1600
D1
0.8123
0.8915
1.2451
1.6577
D2
D3
0.6514
0.5509
0.7149
0.6046
0.9985
0.8445
1.3293
1.1243
D4
0.4415
0.4845
0.6768
0.9010
D5
D6
0.3544
0.2841
0.3889
0.3117
0.5432
0.4354
0.7232
0.5797
D7
0.2316
0.2541
0.3549
0.4726
D8
0.1855
0.2035
0.2843
0.3785
D9
0.1468
0.1611
0.2250
0.2995
D10
0.1174
0.1289
0.1800
0.2396
D11
D12
D13
D14
0.0939
0.0748
0.0605
0.0473
0.1031
0.0821
0.0664
0.0519
0.1440
0.1147
0.0927
0.0725
0.1917
0.1527
0.1234
0.0966
1050
1200
1400
1600
D1
0.5348
0.6985
0.9508
1.2419
D2
D3
0.4289
0.3627
0.5602
0.4738
0.7625
0.6448
0.9959
0.8422
D4
0.2907
0.3797
0.5168
0.6750
D5
0.2333
0.3047
0.4148
0.5417
D6
0.1870
0.2442
0.3324
0.4342
D7
0.1524
0.1990
0.2709
0.3538
D8
0.1220
0.1593
0.2169
0.2833
D9
D10
D11
D12
0.0964
0.0770
0.0614
0.0485
0.1260
0.1006
0.0802
0.0634
0.1715
0.1369
0.1091
0.0863
0.2239
0.1788
0.1425
0.1127
D13
0.0387
0.0506
0.0689
0.0899
D14
0.0295
0.0385
0.0524
0.0684
59
UNT
n
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
D9
D10
D11
|
D12
D13
D14
1050
0.3239
0.2597
0.2196
0.1760
0.1412
0.1132
0.0922
0.0737
0.0581
0.0462
0.0365
0.0284
0.0219
0.0155
1300
0.4965
0.3981
0.3367
0.2698
0.2165
0.1735
0.1413
0.1130
0.0891
0.0709
0.0560
0.0435
0.0336
0.0237
1500
0.6610
0.5301
0.4483
0.3592
0.2882
0.2310
0.1881
0.1504
0.1186
0.0943
0.0745
0.0579
0.0448
0.0316
1700
0.8490
0.6808
0.5758
0.4614
0.3702
0.2966
0.2416
0.1932
0.1524
0.1212
0.0958
0.0744
0.0575
0.0405
1800
0.8018
0.6430
0.5437
0.4357
0.3496
0.2800
0.2279
0.1821
0.1433
0.1134
0.0888
0.0678
0.0506
0.0325
60
UNT
n
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
D9
D10
D11
D12
D13
D14
n
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
D9
D10
D11
D12
D13
D14
1050
0.1690
0.1355
0.1146
0.0918
0.0736
0.0589
0.0478
0.0381
0.0297
0.0231
0.0175
0.0124
0.0078
0.0024
1800
0.4966
0.3982
0.3367
0.2697
0.2163
0.1730
0.1406
0.1119
0.0873
0.0680
0.0515
0.0364
0.0230
0.0071
1900
0.7075
0.5673
0.4797
0.3843
0.3083
0.2468
0.2007
0.1600
0.1254
0.0985
0.0760
0.0561
0.0391
0.0200
2000
0.6131
0.4916
0.4157
0.3330
0.2670
0.2136
0.1736
0.1381
0.1077
0.0839
0.0635
0.0450
0.0284
0.0088
61
UNT
n
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
D9
D10
D11
D12
D13
D14
1050
0.1297
0.1040
0.0879
0.0704
0.0564
0.0451
0.0366
0.0290
0.0225
0.0173
0.0128
0.0085
0.0045
-0.0005
1900
0.4246
0.3405
0.2878
0.2305
0.1848
0.1477
0.1199
0.0951
0.0738
0.0568
0.0419
0.0279
0.0148
-0.0015
2100
0.5187
0.4159
0.3516
0.2816
0.2257
0.1805
0.1464
0.1162
0.0901
0.0693
0.0512
0.0341
0.0181
-0.0019
0
1050
3.6320
2.9127
2.4634
1.9743
1.5847
1.2704
1.0358
0.8300
0.6573
0.5268
0.4227
0.1
1100
3.2614
2.6155
2.2120
1.7728
1.4230
1.1408
0.9301
0.7453
0.5903
0.4730
0.3796
0.2
1200
2.8908
2.3183
1.9607
1.5713
1.2613
1.0111
0.8244
0.6606
0.5231
0.4192
0.3363
0.3
1300
2.5202
2.0210
1.7093
1.3699
1.0996
0.8815
0.7187
0.5758
0.4560
0.3653
0.2930
0.4
1400
2.1495
1.7238
1.4579
1.1684
0.9378
0.7518
0.6129
0.4910
0.3888
0.3113
0.2495
0.5
1500
1.6576
1.3293
1.1243
0.9010
0.7232
0.5797
0.4725
0.3785
0.2995
0.2396
0.1917
0.6
1600
1.2419
0.9959
0.8422
0.6750
0.5417
0.4342
0.3538
0.2833
0.2239
0.1788
0.1425
0.7
1700
0.8490
0.6808
0.5758
0.4614
0.3702
0.2966
0.2416
0.1932
0.1524
0.1212
0.0958
0.8
1800
0.8018
0.6430
0.5437
0.4357
0.3496
0.2800
0.2279
0.1821
0.1433
0.1134
0.0888
0.9
1900
0.7074
0.5673
0.4797
0.3843
0.3083
0.2468
0.2007
0.1600
0.1254
0.0985
0.0760
0.95
2000
0.6131
0.4916
0.4157
0.3330
0.2670
0.2136
0.1736
0.1381
0.1077
0.0839
0.0635
0.98
2100
0.5187
0.4159
0.3516
0.2816
0.2257
0.1805
0.1464
0.1162
0.0901
0.0693
0.0512
D12
D13
D14
0.3386
0.2767
0.2213
0.3040
0.2484
0.1987
0.2693
0.2199
0.1757
0.2345
0.1912
0.1524
0.1994
0.1622
0.1287
0.1527
0.1234
0.0968
0.1127
0.0899
0.0688
0.0744
0.0575
0.0412
0.0678
0.0506
0.0335
0.0561
0.0391
0.0214
0.0450
0.0284
0.0105
0.0341
0.0181
0.0001
62
UNT
63
UNT
Donde:
[]
Luego:
(
En la ecuacin
, exactamente determinar
UNT
, cuando
; 0.6 cuando
Por lo que
queda:
65
UNT
rot
16.41
10.7427309
13.16
7.2813853
11.13
5.50523802
8.92
3.90893425
7.16
2.8892089
5.74
4.68
3.75
2.97
2.38
2.22903756
1.83087039
1.54816025
1.35906532
1.24513077
1.91
1.17230455
1.53
1.12505178
1.25
1.09688675
1.0765094
En la ecuacin
debemos determinar tambin el valor de , para ello
consideramos la siguiente tabla:
de automviles
Tipo de camino
Carretera asfaltada
0.015-0.020
Camino de grava-macadamizada
0.020-0.030
Pavimento de guijo
0.025-0.035
Camino de tierra seco
0.030-0.050
Camino de tierra despus de llover
0.050-0.150
arena
0.100-0.300
Camino de nieve apisonada
0.030-0.040
Fuente: D.A Chudakov-Fundamentos de la teora y el clculo de tractores y automviles
66
UNT
Donde:
En base al desarrollo hecho lneas arriba se presenta una serie de tablas que
caracterizan la aceleracin para cada una de las marchas, dado un
.
dado
ACELERACION Uth=0.0
ne [rpm]
1050
J1
3.30286
J2
3.90385
J3
4.36275
J4
4.91686
J5
5.32963
J6
J7
J8
J9
J10
5.52497
5.46949
5.16402
4.63644
4.03189
J11
3.41190
J12
2.82186
J13
2.34009
J14
1.88017
67
UNT
ACELERACION, Uth=0.1
ne [rpm]
J1
J2
J3
1050
2.6998
3.1904
3.5646
1100
2.9644
3.5034
3.9148
J4
4.0160
4.4113
J5
J6
4.3513
4.5084
4.7806
4.9544
J7
4.4604
4.9031
J8
J9
J10
4.2078
3.7737
3.2772
4.6273
4.1522
3.6083
J11
2.7685
3.0507
J12
2.2847
2.5202
J13
1.8897
2.0871
J14
1.5127
1.6735
ACELERACION, Uth=0.2
n
1050
1100
1200
J1
2.0074
2.2045
2.6261
J2
2.4347
2.6741
3.1862
J3
2.6482
2.9090
3.4671
J4
J5
2.9816
3.2280
3.2760
3.5477
3.9059
4.2317
J6
3.3411
3.6733
4.3841
J7
3.3016
3.6314
4.3369
J8
3.1097
3.4221
4.0907
J9
2.7829
3.0648
3.6679
J10
2.4104
2.6569
3.1844
J11
2.0294
2.2395
2.6890
J12
1.6673
1.8426
2.2177
J13
1.3716
1.5185
1.8326
J14
1.0892
1.2087
1.4645
68
UNT
ACELERACION, Uth=0.3
n
1050
1200
1300
J1
1.4876
1.9472
2.2877
J2
1.7561
2.2999
2.7027
J3
1.9603
2.5686
3.0191
J4
J5
2.2051
2.3847
2.8917
3.1303
3.4003
3.6826
J6
2.4648
3.2395
3.8134
J7
2.4317
3.2008
3.7704
J8
2.2853
3.0139
3.5537
J9
2.0389
2.6962
3.1831
J10
1.7594
2.3341
2.7599
J11
1.4740
1.9636
2.3263
J12
1.2029
1.6112
1.9136
J13
0.9814
1.3229
1.5758
J14
0.7691
1.0464
1.2518
ACELERACION, Uth=0.4
n
1050
1200
1400
J1
1.0904
1.4285
1.9492
J2
1.2862
1.6861
2.3023
J3
1.4346
1.8819
2.5712
J4
1.6118
2.1167
2.8946
J5
1.7403
2.2886
3.1334
J6
1.7952
2.3649
3.2427
J7
1.7669
2.3325
3.2038
J8
1.6552
2.1910
3.0165
J9
1.4702
1.9534
2.6979
J10
1.2615
1.6839
2.3346
J11
1.0490
1.4085
1.9624
J12
0.8470
1.1463
1.6075
J13
0.6816
0.9313
1.3160
J14
0.5220
0.7237
1.0344
69
UNT
ACELERACION, Uth=0.5
n
1050
1200
1400
1600
J1
0.7280
0.8004
1.1233
1.5000
J2
J3
0.8574
0.9549
0.9429
1.0507
1.3250
1.4780
1.7708
1.9767
J4
1.0703
1.1784
1.6608
2.2236
J5
J6
1.1523
1.1841
1.2696
1.3060
1.7934
1.8503
2.4046
2.4852
J7
1.1603
1.2813
1.8214
2.4516
J8
1.0801
1.1947
1.7064
2.3033
J9
0.9511
1.0544
1.5156
2.0537
J10
0.8069
0.8971
1.2999
1.7698
J11
J12
J13
J14
0.6606
0.5214
0.4067
0.2945
0.7373
0.5850
0.4595
0.3365
1.0795
0.8690
0.6949
0.5243
1.4788
1.2003
0.9697
0.7433
ACELERACION, Uth=0.6
n
1050
1200
1400
1600
J1
0.4747
0.6242
0.8545
1.1203
J2
J3
0.5576
0.6196
0.7345
0.8175
1.0071
1.1223
1.3215
1.4741
J4
0.6919
0.9152
1.2593
1.6563
J5
0.7412
0.9837
1.3573
1.7884
J6
0.7569
1.0088
1.3969
1.8448
J7
0.7361
0.9861
1.3712
1.8156
J8
0.6780
0.9146
1.2792
1.7000
J9
J10
J11
J12
0.5879
0.4886
0.3882
0.2923
0.8010
0.6743
0.5455
0.4218
1.1293
0.9605
0.7878
0.6214
1.5082
1.2908
1.0673
0.8517
J13
0.2122
0.3183
0.4816
0.6702
J14
0.1317
0.2139
0.3405
0.4865
70
UNT
ACELERACION, Uth=0.7
n
J1
J2
J3
J4
J5
J6
J7
J8
J9
J10
J11
J12
J13
J14
n
J1
J2
J3
J4
J5
J6
J7
J8
J9
J10
J11
J12
J13
J14
1050
0.2355
0.2746
0.3030
0.3344
0.3529
0.3533
0.3352
0.2975
0.2436
0.1858
0.1274
0.0702
0.0198
-0.0360
1050
0.2821
0.3297
0.3647
0.4041
0.4286
0.4320
0.4135
0.3720
0.3114
0.2460
0.1801
0.1166
0.0620
0.0042
1300
0.4397
0.5162
0.5732
0.6395
0.6842
0.6974
0.6767
0.6209
0.5350
0.4400
0.3430
0.2484
0.1666
0.0793
ACELERACION Uth=0.8
1200
1400
0.3117
0.4292
0.3648
0.5038
0.4039
0.5594
0.4483
0.6238
0.4766
0.6671
0.4816
0.6794
0.4624
0.6585
0.4177
0.6029
0.3514
0.5173
0.2789
0.4223
0.2049
0.3242
0.1318
0.2266
0.0669
0.1395
-0.0052
0.0423
1500
0.5899
0.6939
0.7720
0.8638
0.9278
0.9504
0.9276
0.8582
0.7481
0.6250
0.4983
0.3741
0.2662
0.1509
1600
0.5648
0.6642
0.7388
0.8263
0.8869
0.9076
0.8846
0.8166
0.7088
0.5878
0.4619
0.3360
0.2233
0.0970
1700
0.7616
0.8970
0.9993
1.1202
1.2062
1.2395
1.2143
1.1293
0.9918
0.8364
0.6757
0.5177
0.3801
0.2327
1800
0.7185
0.8461
0.9422
1.0557
1.1360
1.1662
1.1410
1.0587
0.9259
0.7753
0.6179
0.4600
0.3182
0.1591
71
UNT
n
J1
J2
J3
J4
J5
J6
J7
J8
J9
J10
J11
J12
J13
J14
n
J1
J2
J3
J4
J5
J6
J7
J8
J9
J10
J11
J12
J13
J14
1050
0.1836
0.2132
0.2343
0.2569
0.2687
0.2657
0.2481
0.2147
0.1682
0.1189
0.0687
0.0186
-0.0274
-0.0811
1050
0.1406
0.1623
0.1774
0.1927
0.1989
0.1931
0.1760
0.1461
0.1061
0.0640
0.0210
-0.0227
-0.0641
-0.1146
ACELERACION, Uth=0.9
1300
1500
0.2887
0.3890
0.3376
0.4561
0.3734
0.5060
0.4139
0.5635
0.4391
0.6014
0.4424
0.6109
0.4231
0.5900
0.3797
0.5370
0.3156
0.4560
0.2452
0.3657
0.1723
0.2709
0.0982
0.1740
0.0295
0.0837
-0.0514
-0.0232
ACELERACION, Uth=0.95
1200
1400
1600
0.1879
0.2606
0.3446
0.2182
0.3043
0.4037
0.2399
0.3362
0.4473
0.2632
0.3718
0.4971
0.2754
0.3933
0.5293
0.2724
0.3947
0.5357
0.2544
0.3753
0.5148
0.2200
0.3337
0.4650
0.1717
0.2728
0.3895
0.1198
0.2057
0.3048
0.0659
0.1350
0.2148
0.0104
0.0614
0.1202
-0.0426
-0.0096
0.0286
-0.1078
-0.0974
-0.0853
1700
0.5035
0.5916
0.6576
0.7345
0.7870
0.8035
0.7806
0.7168
0.6165
0.5033
0.3837
0.2607
0.1457
0.0091
1800
0.4398
0.5163
0.5732
0.6392
0.6834
0.6955
0.6730
0.6137
0.5217
0.4172
0.3052
0.1868
0.0718
-0.0717
1900
0.6323
0.7441
0.8281
0.9268
0.9957
1.0201
0.9951
0.9191
0.7971
0.6581
0.5105
0.3583
0.2155
0.0454
2000
0.5462
0.6421
0.7140
0.7980
0.8556
0.8741
0.8497
0.7800
0.6694
0.5428
0.4062
0.2613
0.1201
-0.0564
72
UNT
n
J1
J2
J3
J4
J5
J6
J7
J8
J9
J10
J11
J12
J13
J14
1050
0.1047
0.1199
0.1299
0.1390
0.1407
0.1325
0.1158
0.0890
0.0543
0.0184
-0.0184
-0.0565
-0.0937
-0.1410
ACELERACION, Uth=0.98
1300
1500
1700
0.1678
0.2280
0.2967
0.1945
0.2657
0.3470
0.2134
0.2930
0.3839
0.2332
0.3229
0.4255
0.2428
0.3401
0.4513
0.2384
0.3392
0.4545
0.2203
0.3200
0.4338
0.1871
0.2806
0.3874
0.1410
0.2236
0.3180
0.0912
0.1605
0.2398
0.0387
0.0931
0.1553
-0.0170
0.0207
0.0638
-0.0722
-0.0517
-0.0282
-0.1433
-0.1455
-0.1480
1900
0.3741
0.4385
0.4862
0.5409
0.5765
0.5842
0.5619
0.5076
0.4241
0.3290
0.2252
0.1123
-0.0018
-0.1508
2100
0.4600
0.5401
0.5999
0.6691
0.7155
0.7282
0.7043
0.6412
0.5421
0.4281
0.3030
0.1662
0.0275
-0.1539
0
1050
3.3030
3.9040
4.3629
4.9170
5.3298
5.5251
5.4697
5.1642
4.6366
4.0320
3.4120
0.1
1100
2.9645
3.5035
3.9150
4.4114
4.7807
4.9546
4.9033
4.6275
4.1523
3.6084
3.0508
0.2
1200
2.6261
3.1031
3.4670
3.9058
4.2317
4.3840
4.3369
4.0907
3.6679
3.1844
2.6890
0.3
1300
2.2877
2.7027
3.0191
3.4002
3.6826
3.8134
3.7704
3.5537
3.1831
2.7599
2.3263
0.4
1400
1.9492
2.3022
2.5712
2.8946
3.1334
3.2427
3.2037
3.0164
2.6979
2.3346
1.9624
0.5
1500
1.5000
1.7708
1.9766
2.2235
2.4045
2.4852
2.4516
2.3033
2.0536
1.7698
1.4788
0.6
1600
1.1203
1.3215
1.4741
1.6563
1.7884
1.8448
1.8156
1.7000
1.5082
1.2908
1.0673
0.7
1700
0.7616
0.8970
0.9993
1.1202
1.2062
1.2395
1.2143
1.1293
0.9917
0.8364
0.6757
0.8
1800
0.7185
0.8460
0.9422
1.0557
1.1359
1.1662
1.1409
1.0587
0.9259
0.7753
0.6179
0.9
1900
0.6323
0.7441
0.8281
0.9268
0.9957
1.0201
0.9951
0.9191
0.7971
0.6581
0.5105
0.95
2000
0.5462
0.6421
0.7140
0.7980
0.8556
0.8741
0.8497
0.7800
0.6694
0.5428
0.4062
0.98
2100
0.4600
0.5401
0.5999
0.6691
0.7155
0.7282
0.7043
0.6412
0.5421
0.4281
0.3030
J12
J13
J14
2.8220
2.3402
1.8802
2.5203
2.0871
1.6736
2.2177
1.8326
1.4647
1.9136
1.5758
1.2525
1.6075
1.3160
1.0358
1.2003
0.9697
0.7457
0.8517
0.6702
0.4905
0.5177
0.3801
0.2389
0.4600
0.3182
0.1682
0.3583
0.2155
0.0582
0.2613
0.1201
-0.0407
0.1662
0.0275
-0.1354
73
UNT
dado.
74
UNT
Donde:
[
]
[ ]
[
El valor de
Donde:
( )
75
UNT
Y tomando un factor de
, obtendremos:
, obtendremos:
76
UNT
Uth
Kn
V(alta)
J(alta)
P(1)
P(w)
P(j)
P(T1)
U(N1)
K(UN1)
ge1
Qs1
0.1
1100
1800
0.2
1200
1800
0.3
1300
1800
0.4
1400
1800
0.5
1500
1800
0.6
1600
1800
0.7
1700
1800
0.8
1800
1800
0.9
1900
0.95
0.98
1800
2000
1800
2100
1800
Uth
Kn
V(alta)
J(alta)
P(2)
P(w)
P(j)
P(T2)
U(N2)
K(UN2)
ge2
Qs2
0.1
1100
1800 0.611111111 0.954791025 3.183584605 1.0179 40033.1385 3.079328898 46571.22791 86607.44574 0.462272239 0.951224939 181.644207 839.7234861
0.2
1200
1800 0.666666667 0.947626886 6.946002774 0.8089 40033.1385 14.65862352 37008.55584 77056.35297 0.5197209 0.90329416 171.1971664 446.5755923
0.3
1300
1800 0.722222222 0.944240683 11.28725451 0.5963 40033.1385 38.70792772 27280.51085 67352.35728 0.594958336 0.854959765 161.4575586 322.2641125
0.4
1400
1800 0.777777778 0.945230392 16.20733981 0.3788 40033.1385 79.80806137 17331.78368 57444.73024 0.698287665 0.820088771 155.0345661 272.3764123
0.5
1500
1800 0.833333333 0.951248864 21.70625867 0.0877 40033.1385 143.1506203 4013.565171 44189.85429 0.90917451 0.890677378 169.4511688 288.2355371
0.6
1600
1800 0.888888889 0.962923647 27.7840111 -0.1691 40033.1385 234.5379763 -7734.712569 32532.96391 1.237750012 1.506098278 290.0515295 520.5246017
0.7
1700
1800 0.944444444 0.98075613 34.44059709 -0.4229 40033.1385 360.3832771 -19346.59157 21046.9302 1.919212037 5.676289314 1113.411108 2331.608205
0.8
1800
1800
0.9
1900
1800 1.055555556 1.035519018 49.49026976 -0.6102 40033.1385 744.1541844 -27915.48919 12861.8035 3.170417951 29.55826985 6121.630114 10065.35993
0.95
2000
1800 1.111111111 1.071624116 54.98918863 -0.7120 40033.1385 918.7088697 -32574.57645 8377.270922 4.888447294 117.2128716 25121.62799 39299.22793
0.98
2100
1800 1.166666667 1.111889811 59.56197379 -0.8095 40033.1385 1077.857749 -37034.22084 4076.775411 10.08419452 1093.616659 243196.2439 370233.0069
1.005 41.67601664 -0.4964 40033.1385 527.7104466 -22713.36928 17847.47966 2.272637353 9.929357956 1995.800949 3672.151748
77
UNT
Uth
Kn
V(alta)
J(alta)
P(3)
P(w)
P(j)
P(T3)
U(N3)
K(UN3)
ge3
Qs3
0.1
1100
90376.44774
0.2
1200
80825.35497
0.3
1300
71121.35928
0.4
1400
61213.73224
0.5
1500
47958.85629
0.6
1600
36301.96591
0.7
1700
24815.9322
0.8
1800
1800
21616.48166
0.9
1900
16630.8055
0.95
2000
12146.27292
0.98
2100
7845.777411
vs , para tres
distintos.
78
UNT
UNT
relacin directa entre torque y fuerza, y como la exigencia de torque disminuye con el
incremento de velocidad (donde esta incrementa con el incremento de
, conlleva a
disminucin de
.Adems se tiene como valor mximo de fuerza traccional a
dicho valor se da para una relacin de transmisin
, dicha fuerza es la
que tendra que desarrollar el vehculo para salir del reposo en plena carga.
o De la Tabla II.18 podemos obtener la magnitud de la fuerza mxima con la que el aire
influye sobre el movimiento del vehculo, siendo dicho valor igual
N que
se da para
.Dicho valor esta de acuerdo con el anlisis realizado para la
obtencin del cronograma de velocidades, pues justamente es en
en donde se
obtiene la mxima velocidad de la unidad vehicular, y como la fuerza de resistencia del aire
es proporcional al cuadrado de la velocidad, tiene que suceder que en
se de
.
o En base a la grfica obtenida para la potencia
se observa un comportamiento casi
lineal el cual es creciente, dicho crecimiento es hasta unas
determinadas pues
despus de ello
empieza a caer, ello es debido a que a partir de all el convertidor se
comporta como embrague. Se observa tambin una cada de potencia despus de que se
alcanza la potencia mxima, sucede ello pues en las curva de potencia del motor dada por
el fabricante, despus de que el motor alcanza una potencia mxima, hay una cada
considerable de potencia en un rgimen pequeo de rpm, esto es justamente debido a que
el motor ya no se encuentra en la capacidad de solventar las exigencias y por ende la
potencia disminuye bruscamente. Notamos que la potencia mxima alcanzada es
y la mnima es de
o Para la Fig.II.13 tenemos que el factor dinmico va disminuyendo conforme vamos
subiendo en las marchas. La tendencia, segn muestra la grfica, del factor dinmico es a
disminuir conforme se incrementa el
.Es muy importante hacer notar que no se han
registrado factores dinmicos negativos, ello es porque en el anlisis que se ha hecho se
ha restringido realizarlo solo hasta la velocidad mxima, el por qu recae en que cuando el
vehculo alcanza la mxima velocidad el factor dinmico es muy pequeo siendo casi cero
como se nota de la grafica. Incluso a estas velocidades la magnitud de la fuerza de
resistencia del aire sobrepasa a la fuerza de traccin, lo cual segn la definicin del factor
dinmico nos dar, matemticamente, un factor dinmico negativo, lo que fsicamente
provocara el efecto de arrastre o el vuelco del vehculo. De la Tabla II.21 tenemos un
factor dinmico mximo de
,el elevado valor se sustenta debido a que nuestra
unidad vehicular es un vehculo pesado, es decir en su operacin genera elevadas fuerzas
de traccin a bajas velocidades. El factor dinmico mnimo se da en la ultima marcha y
cuyo valor es muy pequeo siendo igual a 0.001, este valor se da para
.
o En la Fig.II.14 se nota que la exigencia de aceleracin por parte de la unidad vehicular
es menor conforme aumenta la velocidad. El comportamiento de la aceleracin en anlogo
al del factor dinmico ya que estos estn relacionados en forma directa. Conforme
incrementa el
el valor de la aceleracin disminuye, siendo dicha disminucin mucho
mas suave a marchas altas. Si comparamos las curvas de aceleracin de la Fig.II.14 con
las que presentan en Fundamentos de la teora y el clculo de tractores y automviles
80
UNT
(pg. 175), se puede notar que no hay congruencia entre los resultados, pero debe
aclararse de que solo se esta obteniendo un parte de las curvas, esto es debido a que en
el anlisis realizado se considero el comportamiento del convertidor hidrulico a partir de
las rpm para la cual se da el torque mximo.
Para
Para
IV. Bibliografa
o Fundamentos de la teora y el clculo de tractores y automviles - D. A. Chudakov
o Material de clase Ing. Javier Bacilio Quiroz.
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