BTS3812

Technical Manual System Description BTS3812 WCDMA NodeB
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction to BTS3812 ............................................................................................. 1-1 Chapter 2 Key Benefits ................................................................................................................. 2-1 2.1 Coverage Capability .......................................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Capacity ............................................................................................................................. 2-1 2.3 Networking Capability ........................................................................................................ 2-1 2.4 Clock and Synchronization ................................................................................................ 2-2 2.5 Enhancement function ....................................................................................................... 2-2 2.6 Installation.......................................................................................................................... 2-2 2.7 Evolution ............................................................................................................................ 2-3 Chapter 3 System Architecture.................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Physical Architecture ......................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.1 Appearance ............................................................................................................. 3-1 3.1.2 Functional Architecture ........................................................................................... 3-3 3.2 Configuration...................................................................................................................... 3-6 Chapter 4 Services and Functions .............................................................................................. 4-1 4.1 Services ............................................................................................................................. 4-1 4.2 Location Services............................................................................................................... 4-2 4.3 Handover ........................................................................................................................... 4-2 4.4 Diversity ............................................................................................................................. 4-3 4.5 License Function................................................................................................................ 4-3 Chapter 5 Operation and Maintenance........................................................................................ 5-1 5.1 O&M System...................................................................................................................... 5-1 5.2 O&M Functions .................................................................................................................. 5-2 Chapter 6 Reliability ...................................................................................................................... 6-1 6.1 System Reliability............................................................................................................... 6-1 6.2 Hardware Reliability ........................................................................................................... 6-2 6.3 Software Reliability ............................................................................................................ 6-2 Chapter 7 Technical Specifications............................................................................................. 7-1 7.1 Radio Performance............................................................................................................ 7-1 7.1.1 System Indices ........................................................................................................ 7-1 7.1.2 Transmitting Indices ................................................................................................ 7-1 7.1.3 Receiving Indices .................................................................................................... 7-2 7.1.4 Capacity .................................................................................................................. 7-2 7.2 Engineering Indices ........................................................................................................... 7-3 7.2.1 Mechanical Dimensions .......................................................................................... 7-3 7.2.2 Weight ..................................................................................................................... 7-3
Huawei Technologies Proprietary i
Table of Contents
7.2.3 Power Requirements............................................................................................... 7-3 7.2.4 Power Consumption................................................................................................ 7-4 7.2.5 Transmission ........................................................................................................... 7-4 7.2.6 External alarm interface .......................................................................................... 7-5 7.2.7 Operation Environment Requirements.................................................................... 7-6 7.2.8 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) ..................................................................... 7-6 7.2.9 Acoustic Noise......................................................................................................... 7-6 7.2.10 Storage Requirements .......................................................................................... 7-6 7.2.11 Transportation Requirements................................................................................ 7-7 7.2.12 Quakeproof Protection .......................................................................................... 7-7 Chapter 8 Installation .................................................................................................................... 8-1
Huawei Technologies Proprietary ii
Chapter 1 Introduction to BTS3812

A series of WCDMA NodeBs is offered by Huawei according to the 3GPP R99/R4 FDD protocols. Huawei can offer various customized solutions of the WCDMA radio access network according to the different requirements and actual conditions of operators, to achieve the seamless coverage of cities, suburbs, countryside, highways and hot spots. Figure 1-1 shows a typical solution of the WCDMA radio access network supported by Huawei. A series of NodeBs is given in Table 1-1.
RNC UE WCDMA CS
WCDMA PS UE RNC
UTRAN
UE
Indoor NodeB Outdoor NodeB Mini NodeB / RRU
Figure 1-1 Typical solution of WCDMA radio access network
Note: A Radio Remote Unit (RRU) has the same appearance as Huawei mini NodeB
Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-1
Table 1-1 Applications of series of NodeBs NodeB BTS3812 BTS3806 BTS3806A Maximum number Capacity of cells 12 6 6 Large Medium Application Densely populated areas, such as cities Indoor/Outdoor Indoor
Small and middle-sized cities and towns with low Indoor equipment room requirements Outdoor Indoor and outdoor Indoor and outdoor
Medium Areas hard to set up an equipment room Small Small Indoor, highways, railways and so on Cities, highways, railways and so on
BTS3802C 2 RRU 2
The BTS3812 is a type of indoor macro-cell NodeB developed according to the 3GPP R99 /R4 FDD protocols. A single BTS3812 cabinet can support up to 12 cells and be applied to densely populated areas, central business districts and areas with great traffic development potentialities.
Chapter 2 Key Benefits

The BTS3812 embodies the user-centered design ideas. It gives full consideration to the service, capacity, coverage, transmission, power supply, installation and maintenance requirements of network operators. It adopts a modular design method and is a type of highly integrated equipment.
2.1 Coverage Capability

1) The transmit power per carrier at the Tx antenna connector (at the top of the BTS3812 cabinet) is over 25 W. The transmit power and the number of carriers may vary in different sectors. 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) The transmit diversity mode is supported so that the downlink demodulation gains is increased. The cell breathing function is supported and the maximum cell breath gain adjustment range is 10 dB. The RRU is supported. The maximum search capability is 180 km. The maximum access search radius is configurable. The 1-way receiver sensitivity is better than -125 dBm. The 2-way receiver sensitivity is better than -128 dBm. The 4-way receiver sensitivity is better than -130 dBm. The NodeB Tower Top Amplifier module (NTTA, optional) is supported. The NTTA can compensate for the feeder loss. The NTTA gain is 12 dB. 10) Multiple receive diversity modes are supported, including 2-way receive diversity, 4-way receive diversity and RAKE multi-path receive diversity, so that the uplink demodulation performance and uplink receiver sensitivity are both improved.
2.2 Capacity
1) 2) A single BTS3812 cabinet supports 1536 equivalent voice channels of 12.2 kbit/s. A single BTS3812 cabinet can support up to 12 cells and each sector can support up to 4 carriers, meeting the requirements of high traffic areas.
2.3 Networking Capability

1) Trunk port supported: E1 T1
STM-1 Hybrid: STM-1 and E1/T1 2) Network topologies supported: Chain Star Tree Ring Hybrid The maximum number of cascades for chain and tree networking is 5. 3) Co-transport of 2G and 3G equipment for mobile communication:
The BTS3812 can provide transmission links for 2G BTSs by means of CES mode, or use the transmission links provided by 2G BTSs to transmit the Iub interface data by means of Fractional ATM mode. 4) The Inverse Multiplexing on ATM (IMA) mode and User Network Interface (UNI) mode are supported to improve the multiplexing ratio at the Iub interface.
2.4 Clock and Synchronization

Multiple synchronization modes are supported for different network environments, including: 1) 2) 3) 4) Synchronizing with the clock extracted from the Iub interface (default) Synchronizing with the Global Position System (GPS) Synchronizing with the external input clock such as the BITS clock, 2M clock and so on Supporting free-run working mode which can keep the NodeB in normal working for 90 days or longer
2.5 Enhancement function

Remote Electric Tilt (RET) antenna BTS3812 supports RET antenna system. It facilitates the antenna tilt adjustment and enhances the network coverage.
2.6 Installation
The BTS3812 features easy installation. All internal cables of the NodeB have been installed and tested according to the customer's requirements before delivery. The field installation personnel only need to fix the cabinet, insert the boards, install the external cables and download the data configuration file. The easy BTS3812 software and hardware installation leads to reduced installation time and faster network roll-out.
2.7 Evolution
Smooth upgrade and capacity expansion is considered for the design of BTS3812 in the following aspects.
I. Smooth evolution of protocol releases

The present BTS3812 is based on 3GPP R99/R4 FDD protocol releases, and it supports the smooth evolution to 3GPP R5 FDD protocol release.
II. Enhancement of functions and technologies

1) The present BTS3812 supports three transmission modes, E1 transmission, T1 transmission and STM-1 transmission. It will be able to support more transmission modes such as satellite transmission in the future. 2) The future BTS3812 will be enhanced by some technologies, specifically: High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA). The HSDPA technology is a modulation demodulation algorithm put forward in 3GPP R5 for asymmetrical uplink/downlink data service transmission. It plays an important role in increasing downlink capacity and data service rate in the later WCDMA network construction phase. It makes it possible to increase the downlink data service rate to 10 Mbit/s without changing the original WCDMA network architecture. Smart Antenna (SA). It performs formation and shaping for the received and transmitted beams of the NodeB based on the spatial character of signal transmission and the digital signal processing technology. It can reduce interference, multiply capacity, broaden coverage, enhance communication quality and decrease costs. Multi-User Detection (MUD). That is, to perform combined detection for multiple users so as to limit the multiple accessinterference. It is a good solution to the near-far problem. The technology lowers the requirements for power control precision, and therefore can make better use of the spectrum resources and enhance the system capacity and coverage.
Chapter 3 System Architecture

3.1 Physical Architecture
3.1.1 Appearance
Complying with the IEC297 standard, the cabinet size of BTS3812 is 1400 mm (H) % 800 mm (W) % 650 mm (D). Figure 3-1 shows the appearance of a BTS3812 cabinet.
Figure 3-1 Appearance of BTS3812 cabinet
Figure 3-2 shows a BTS3812 cabinet under full configuration. A single BTS3812 cabinet can support up to 12 cells.
PDU
NFAN NFAN NFAN
(1) (2)
N N N N N N N NN N N N N N N N N N N N N NN N N U U U U U U U UD D M M D D U U U U U U U UD A M L L L L L L L L L L P P L L L L L L L L L L T OO P P P P P P P PP P T T P P P P P P P P P P I I N
(3)
Wire holder
N I F P N D D L N N N N T T T T R R R R X X X X N D D L N D D L N N N N T T T T R R R R X X X X N D D L N D D L N N N N T T T T R R R R X X X X N D D L N I F P
(4)
Air inlet
N L P A
N L P A
N L P A
N L P A
N L P A
N L P A
(5)
Wire holder
(1) Power Distribution Unit (PDU) (4) Radio Frequency (RF) subrack
(2) Fan subrack (5) Power Amplifier (PA) subrack
(3) Baseband subrack
Figure 3-2 Composition of BTS3812 cabinet under full configuration
Note: The NAOI and NDTI are both Iub interface boards. The slots for Iub interface boards are compatible with both NDTI and NAOI.
Table 3-1 lists the boards and modules in the BTS3812.
Table 3-1 Boards and modules Abbreviation NAOI NDDL NDLP NDTI NFAN NIFP NLPA NMON NMPT NTRX NTTA NULP PDU Full name NodeB ATM Optical Interface unit NodeB Dual Duplexer & Low-noise amplifier module NodeB Down Link Processing Unit NodeB Digital Trunk Interface unit NodeB FAN box NodeB Interface Processing Unit NodeB Linear Power Amplifier module NodeB MONitor unit NodeB Main Processing & Timing unit NodeB Transceiver module NodeB Tower Top Amplifier module NodeB Uplink Processing unit Power Distribution Unit
3.1.2 Functional Architecture

The functional modules of BTS3812 are shown in Figure 3-3.
RF Subsystem Baseband Subsystem
Duplexer
Antenna
LNA
Transport Subsystem NDLP
NTTA
NLPA
RNC
NDTI/ NAOI NULP
NIFP
NTRX
NDDL
LNA Duplexer
Antenna
NTTA
NLPA
NMPT
NMON Control Subsystem
NodeB cabinet
Figure 3-3 Functional architecture of BTS3812

A BTS3812 is composed of the following subsystems:
I. Transport subsystem
The transport subsystem is composed of the Iub interface boards such as the NDTI and NAOI. Its principal function is interfacing with the RNC to exchange information between the BTS3812 and the RNC. The slots for Iub interface boards are compatible with both NAOI and NDTI, and NAOI and NDTI can coexist in one cabinet. 1)
NodeB Digital Trunk Interface unit (NDTI)
NDTI provides E1/T1 ports for interfacing with the RNC, bearing the ATM switching function. The redundancy is provided by load sharing between two NDTI boards. 2)
NodeB ATM Optical Interface unit (NAOI)
NAOI provides ATM optical interfaces for interfacing with the RNC, bearing the ATM switching function. The redundancy is provided by load sharing between two NAOI boards.
II. Baseband subsystem

The baseband subsystem comprises the NULPs, NDLPs and NIFPs. It performs downlink processing and uplink processing in the physical layer aspect. 1)
NodeB Interface Processing Unit (NIFP)
The NIFP board is the interface board interfacing between the RF subrack and Baseband subrack. The NIFP interfaces the digital I and Q signals for both transmit and receive path. The NIFP also interfaces between RRU and Baseband subrack. The NIFP can be duplicated by 1+1 redundancy without interfacing RRU. 2)
NodeB Down Link Processing Unit (NDLP)
The NDLP comprises functionality for channel encoding and modulation in downlink baseband signal. The redundancy is provided by load sharing between two NDLP boards. 3)
NodeB Uplink Processing Unit (NULP)
The NULP implements demodulation of dedicated and common channel, channel estimation, RAKE receiver, softer handover and decoding. The NULP can be duplicated by N+1 redundancy for resource pooling design.
III. RF subsystem
The Radio Frequency (RF) subsystem comprises the modules such as the NTRXs, NDDLs and NLPAs. 1)
NodeB Transceiver module (NTRX)
The NTRX includes all functionality for receiving and transmitting the RF signal. The Rx path comprises functionality for downlink conversion, A/D conversion and filtering for each cell-carrier; the Tx path comprises functionality for modulation, D/A conversion and uplink conversion for cell-carrier. 2)
NodeB Dual Duplexer & Low-noise amplifier module (NDDL)
The duplexer allow both receiver and transmitter path connections to a common antenna. The duplexer minimizes the number of required feeders. 3)
NodeB Linear Power Amplifier module (NLPA)
The NLPA unit is a wide band linear power amplifier that amplifies carriers to be transmitted. The Tx signals are input to NLPA through combiner, and then are transmitted to the antennas through the NDDLs.
IV. Control subsystem

The control subsystem comprises the NMPTs and the NMON. It accomplishes control and monitoring of the entire NodeB. The principal functions of the baseband subsystem are as follows: Iub interface signaling processing NBAP signaling processing Configuration management Resource management Receiving O&M commands from the maintenance terminal to realize O&M of the entire NodeB Providing various reference clocks for the entire NodeB 1)
NodeB Main Processing & Timing unit (NMPT)
NMPT is the control core of the BTS3812. It controls all the boards in baseband subrack and the NTRXs in RF subrack. Besides, it accomplishes the NBAP signaling processing on the Iub interface and provides the system clock. 2)
NodeB MONitor unit (NMON)
The NMON collects the monitoring information of the subracks other than the baseband subrack and sends them to the NMPT for processing. It also transfers the control information from the NMPT to the controlled modules, including the NFANs, NDDLs, NLPAs, Environment Monitoring Instrument (EMI), external equipment, remote electric tilt antenna, input power supply and so on
V. Antenna & feeder subsystem

The antenna & feeder subsystem comprises the antennas, feeders, lightning arresters, NTTA(s) and so on. It transmits and receives signals over the Uu interface of the NodeB. The principal functions of NTTA are to amplify the weak signals received from the antennas directly so as to improve the receiver sensitivity and uplink coverage of the system, effectively lower UEs' transmit power, mitigate the interference noise and enhance the quality of connection.
VI. Power Distribution Unit (PDU)

The distribution switches in the PDU are used to control the power supply for the baseband subrack and RF subrack conveniently and separately. The PDU controls only the power distribution of those two subracks, while NLPAs in the power amplification subrack have their own power switches.
VII. Cooling subystem

The fan subrack and the air inlet box form a ventilation circuit, cooling the baseband subrack and RF subrack. The NLPAs are built in with their own fans for cooling.
3.2 Configuration
Table 3-2 shows the typical configurations for BTS3812.
Table 3-2 Configurations for BTS3812 Configuration 11 12 31 32 61 62 OTSR 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 No. of cabinets Opt. Opt. Opt. Opt. No No No Transmit diversity
Besides, BTS3812 can also sustain some special configurations such as 2-sector configuration, 4-sector configuration and so on.
The configuration features of BTS3812 are as follows: 1) The BTS3812 supports omni-directional, 2-sector, 3-sector and 6-sector configurations. Each sector can support up to 4 carriers. A single BTS3812 cabinet can support a maximum of 3 4 (sector carrier) transmit diversity configuration or 6 2 no transmit diversity configuration. It also supports the RRU. Network operators may select configurations according to the target area situation and the number of subscribers. 2) The BTS3812 supports Omni-directional Transmit & Sector Receive (OTSR) configuration, that is omni-directional transmit for the downlink and 3-sector receive for the uplink. OTSR configuration is especially desired in the initial phase of system deployment when the traffic is low. It can achieve the same coverage as 3 1 configuration with less cost. 3) The BTS3812 supports smooth expansion from 1 1 till 6 2. The BTS3812 is designed based on the multi-module concept, which makes it possible to expand the network capacity simply by adding new modules. In the initial phase of system deployment, network operators can select a configuration with small capacity such as omni configuration, OSTR or 3 1 configuration, and then can expand the capacity when there are more subscribers by expanding the small-capacity configuration to the large-capacity configuration such as 3 2, 3 4 or 6 2 configuration.
Chapter 4 Services and Functions

4.1 Services
The BTS3812 supports Circuit Switched (CS) domain services and Packet Switched (PS) domain services of various rates, as well as the combination of PS domain services and CS domain services.
I. CS domain services
The CS domain services are the telecommunication services that pose relatively high real-time requirements, including Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) voice services and data services such as fax. There are two types of CS domain data services: transparent services and non-transparent services. 1) AMR voice services
The BTS3812 supports the AMR voice services of various rates, including 12.2 kbit/s, 10.2 kbit/s, 7.95 kbit/s, 7.4 kbit/s, 6.7 kbit/s, 5.9 kbit/s, 5.15 kbit/s and 4.75 kbit/s. The uplink and downlink AMR voice rates might be asymmetrical. 2) Transparent data services
The BTS3812 supports the transparent data services of 64 kbit/s, 56 kbit/s, 32 kbit/s and 28.8 kbit/s. The uplink and downlink data rates might be asymmetrical. 3) Non-transparent data services
The BTS3812 supports the non-transparent data services of 57.6 kbit/s, 28.8 kbit/s and 14.4 kbit/s. The uplink and downlink data rates might be asymmetrical.
II. PS domain services

The WCDMA system distinguishes itself from the 2G system by its high transfer rate of data services. This distinct feature gives subscribers high speed access to the Internet and makes the system capable of supporting services such as web browsing, data downloading, E-mail, video on demand and audio on demand. The BTS3812 supports the PS domain services of typical rates, such as 16 kbit/s, 32 kbit/s, 64 kbit/s, 128 kbit/s, 144 kbit/s and 384 kbit/s. It supports transmission with Transmission Time Interval (TTI) of 10 ms, 20 ms, 40 ms and 80 ms. The uplink and downlink data rates might be asymmetrical.
III. Combined services

The BTS3812 also supports various combined services, including:
AMR voice service + PS domain service AMR voice service + CS domain non-transparent data service AMR voice service + CS domain transparent data service CS domain transparent data service + PS domain service CS domain non-transparent data service + PS domain service AMR voice service + data service 1 + data service 2
4.2 Location Services

The BTS3812 supports the location service based on Cell ID, OTDOA and A-GPS.
4.3 Handover
The BTS3812 supports soft handover, softer handover and hard handover.
I. Soft handover
The soft handover takes place between intra-frequency neighboring cells that belong to different NodeBs. These NodeBs should be controlled by the same RNC. If the NodeBs are controlled by different RNCs, there should be an Iur interface between the RNCs.
II. Softer handover

The softer handover, a special kind of soft handover, takes place between intra-frequency neighboring cells that belong to the same NodeB. During softer handover, the UE establishes radio links with two cells under the NodeB and the NodeB merges the diversity signals the two cells receive from the UE. Generally the communication quality in softer handover is better than that in soft handover.
III. Hard handover

The BTS3812 supports the following kinds of hard handover: Intra-frequency hard handover: the handover between intra-frequency cells under RNCs not interconnected through the Iur interface. Inter-frequency handover: the handover between cells at different frequencies. Inter- Core Network (CN) handover. Inter-Radio Access Technology (inter-RAT) handover: The BTS3812 supports seamless transition from 2G to 3G and handover of dual-mode UEs between 2G and 3G.
4.4 Diversity
I. Transmit diversity
The BTS3812 supports the open loop Space Time Transmit Diversity (STTD) and Time Switched Transmit Diversity (TSTD) and the closed loop transmit diversity of Mode 1 and Mode 2. The transmit diversity function is optional and can be selected based on the network and operators actual requirements.
II. Receive diversity

The BTS3812 generally supports 2-way receive diversity and 4-way receive diversity. The former is a basic function, while the later is an optional function.
4.5 License Function

Traditionally, network operators can accomplish rough capacity expansion by purchasing more hardware. A License provides the mechanism for precise capacity control. With a License, network operators may obtain a rather small system with small investment in the initial phase of network deployment. With a License, network operators may also acquire enhanced functions and services and provide the corresponding value added services. They may choose the network functions applicable to a specific phase so that their investment will be protected to the greatest extent.
Chapter 5 Operation and Maintenance

5.1 O&M System
The O&M system of the BTS3812 provides a Graphical User Interface (GUI) and a variety of MML commands to support customized man-machine interfacing. It provides security management, data configuration, alarm management, maintenance management, performance test, environment monitoring and so on. The O&M system of BTS3812 is shown in Figure 5-1.
LMT NodeB IP over Ethernet IPoA RNC
iManager M2000
LMT IPoA NodeB IP over Ethernet

Modem Modem
Internet/DDN
PSTN
Modem
LMT
LMT PSTN
Modem
LMT
LMT
Figure 5-1 O&M system of BTS3812
The O&M terminals of the BTS3812 include the Local Maintenance Terminal (LMT) and the iManager M2000. The BTS3812 supports the following maintenance modes:
Near end maintenance, that is, the maintenance personnel connect a Local
Maintenance Terminal (LMT) to the BTS3812 directly using a network cable and log into the NodeB to perform maintenance through the LMT.
Far end maintenance, that is, the maintenance personnel log into the BTS3812
to perform maintenance via the IPoA channel between the NodeB and the RNC using a LMT in the RNC room or the M2000 Server in the integrated management center. A BTS3812 is generally in an unattendant room. The far end maintenance is applicable to this case.
Remote maintenance, that is, the maintenance personnel log into the BTS3812
to perform maintenance through the Internet. The remote maintenance is usually applied when the far end maintenance does not work (for example, when the IPoA channel between the NodeB and the RNC fails).
Automatic setup of default maintenance channel, that is, a default IPoA
maintenance channel can be automatically set up between RNC and NodeB. Generally, BTS3812 has only NodeB software but no data configuration file after hardware installation. With this function, the maintenance personnel can download the data configuration file to the BTS3812 at the far end. The automatic setup function of default maintenance channel decreases the operation and maintenance costs and enhances the maintainability and maintenance quality.
5.2 O&M Functions

The BTS3812 puts great emphasis on network operators' requirements for operation and maintenance and offers powerful functions in this aspect, including security management, alarm management, data configuration and maintenance & test management.
I. Security management
The BTS3812 provides powerful security management functions so that users' operations and equipment's performance can be effectively managed and controlled.
II. Alarm management

The alarm management system of the BTS3812 can detect and report equipment faults and abnormality in real time, as well as display alarm information and alarm handling suggestions at alarm management system of the LMT or the M2000. The alarm management system of the M2000 can be connected through a serial port to an alarm box, and supports audible and visible alarm modes. The alarms can be subscribed by customers and forwarded to the handsets or pagers of maintenance engineers, so that the engineers can handle the faults and abnormalities as quick as possible.
III. Data configuration

The O&M system of the BTS3812 allows addition, deletion, modification and consistency check of the NodeB data. It supports both online and offline data configurations. For online data configuration, the modified data will take into effect at once. While for offline data configuration, it will do only after the reset of NodeB.
IV. Maintenance & test management

The O&M system of the BTS3812 provides the following maintenance & test functions: Supporting monitoring or querying of the board operation status so that users can know system operation timely. Automatic backup function for data configuration files and maintenance logs. The interval between backups and the backup directory can be configured as per the operator's requirements. Supporting querying of the hardware, software and patch versions. Supporting real-time monitoring of system operational indices and system resources (such as CPU and DSP). Supporting status query, performance measurement and reset of Iub interface physical links. Supporting reset of boards and key components. Supporting blocking and unblocking operations to boards and board resources. Supporting tracing, filtration and interpretation of Iub interface signaling. The traced messages can be saved, reviewed and browsed.
Chapter 6 Reliability
6.1 System Reliability
The BTS3812 design is based on the overall analysis on system reliability. The BTS3812 adopts the redundancy, backup and load-sharing design methods, and improves the fault detection and isolation technologies to enhance its maintainability.
I. Redundancy
The baseband boards (the NULPs and the NDLPs) adopt the resource pool architecture and N+1 backup. So that the fault of some boards will not affect the normal operation of the NodeB and the baseband processing capability if there are redundant boards. The two Iub interface boards work in load-sharing mode. One board can shift some or all load to the other board when it becomes overloaded or faulty (for example, when it meets with bearing deterioration because a service link fails).
II. Backup function

Two NIFPs support the backup function.
III. E1/T1 bypass function under chain networking

In the chain networking mode, when a BTS3812 meets with power outage or its Iub interface boards meet with unrecoverable faults, it can be bypassed and services can be transmitted directly to the lower NodeB so that services of the lower NodeBs will not be affected.
IV. Fault monitoring and handling

The BTS3812 can automatically detect and diagnose hardware or software faults, and report them as alarms. It can record and report fault information. It can also detect environmental status and report the abnormality in time.
6.2 Hardware Reliability

I. Prevention of wrong board insertion
When a functional board is inserted into a wrong slot, it can not contact the backplane because an anti-error bolt is used. This prevents the equipment from being damaged.
II. Speed shift and redundancy design for fan box

Under the premise that the system dissipation is guaranteed, fan speed can be shifted to reduce the equipment noise and fan wearing degree so as to enhance the service life and reliability of the heat dissipation system. The redundancy design of the fan box ensures the system can work normally even when any fan gets faulty. Therefore, the system anti-fault capability and the system reliability are enhanced.
III. Reliability design for NLPA

When the temperature of a NLPA exceeds the threshold, the BTS3812 will automatically debase the output power of the NLPA or shut off the NLPA and report an alarm so that the service life and performance of the NLPA will not be affected. The NLPAs have over-excitation, over-reflection-power and fan-failure protection functions.
IV. Reliability design for power supply

The -48 V input power supply is kept under detection. When the power voltage is too low or too high, the BTS3812 will report an alarm. The power supply has the lightning protection function and the protection function against voltage dips and sags. The BTS3812 provides the power-failure protection function for programs and data. The boards have over-voltage, over-current and reverse-polarity-connection protection functions. The boards provide the power module backup function.
6.3 Software Reliability

Software reliability is reflected in the powerful capability of error tolerance. The capability of error tolerance of the software system refers to that the whole system will not corrupt when the software fails, that is, the system has the capability of self-healing. The capability of error tolerance of BTS3812 is shown in the following aspects:
I. Regular check of critical resource

Seizure check is provided for various software resources in the system. If resource hang-up occurs due to software abnormality, it lasts only a short time since the check mechanism can ensure the release of the hung-up resource and the output of different logs and alarms.
II. Task monitoring

During software running, the monitoring procedure can monitor the task running and the system operation and report the abnormalities including various software internal errors and partial hardware errors.
III. Storage protection

The software system adopts the segment/page protection mechanism of CPU memory management unit (MMU), implementing the storage protection of codes and important data segments. Besides, it provides some other functions of online viewing, modification of the system variables and data, and monitoring of memory area.
IV. Data check

The system is able to perform regular or event-driven check of data consistency, restore the data consistency selectively or preferably and output the related log and alarm.
V. Save of operation log information

The system records the user operation for a period of time and saves the records in the system operation log. The operation log can be used to locate the error or exception due to incorrect operation so that the system can be restored to normal state.
Chapter 7 Technical Specifications

7.1 Radio Performance
7.1.1 System Indices
Table 7-1 System indices Parameter Receiving band Transmitting band Channel bandwidth Duplex Separation 1920 ~ 1980 MHz 2110 ~ 2170 MHz 5 MHz 190 MHz Indices
7.1.2 Transmitting Indices

Nominal output power per carrier at the Tx antenna connector (at the top of BTS3812 cabinet) is listed in Table 7-5.
Table 7-2 Output power Configuration 1x1 Transmit diversity mode No transmit diversity Transmit diversity 1x2 3x1 No transmit diversity No transmit diversity Transmit diversity 3x2 6x1 6x2 No transmit diversity No transmit diversity No transmit diversity Max Output Power (W/carrier) 44 dBm (25 W) 47 dBm (50 W) 44 dBm (25 W) 44 dBm (25 W ) 47 dBm (50 W) 44 dBm (25 W) 44 dBm (25 W) 40.4 dBm (11 W)
7.1.3 Receiving Indices

I. Receiver sensitivity
The static RF sensitivity at the Rx antenna connector (at the top of BTS3812 cabinet) is listed in Table 7-3, with following assumptions: BER < 10-2, convolutional coding 1/3 at 60 kbit/s, using 3GPP measurement channel of 12.2 kbit/s.
Table 7-3 Receiver sensitivity Receive diversity mode 1-way receive diversity 2-way receive diversity -125 dBm -128 dBm reference sensitivity
II. Maximum access search capability

The maximum access search capability is 180 km. The maximum access search radius is configurable and the step size is 300 m.
7.1.4 Capacity
The amount of channel elements can be adjusted to fit the current need depending on the number of subscribers and the types of service. Table 7-4 defines the maximum capacity capability for BTS3812 3x4 configuration. Additional capacity is provided for common channels and softer handover. The full capacity is pooled over all cell-carriers.
Table 7-4 Capacity. Channel element Uplink Downlink 1536 1536
7.2 Engineering Indices

7.2.1 Mechanical Dimensions
Table 7-5 Mechanical Dimensions. Unit Cabinet Cabinet + Power supply box on the top of cabinet Base frame Total Width (mm) 800 800 800 800 Depth (mm) 650 650 650 650 Height (mm) 1400 1500 60 1560
Note: Adjust the base frame to change the height by 0 ~ 4 mm if the mounting surface is uneven. Therefore the maximum cabinet height is 1564 mm. The base frame is mandatory.
7.2.2 Weight
Table 7-6 Weight Unit 3 x 1, Normal configuration 3 x 2, Normal configuration Full configuration 250 300 340 Weight (kg)
7.2.3 Power Requirements

The BTS3812 complies with the requirement regarding to the rated 48 V DC power supply stipulated in ETS 300 132-2. The external power supply equipment has to comply with this standard.
Table 7-7 Power Requirements. Value Rated voltage - 48 V DC
Value Input voltage range - 40 V DC ~ - 60 V DC
7.2.4 Power Consumption

The minimum, maximum and typical power consumption of typical BTS3812 configuration is listed in Table 7-8.
Table 7-8 Power consumption Configuration type 3x1 6x2 Typical power consumption (W) 1630 3510 Minimum power consumption (W) 940 2250 Maximum power consumption (W) 1780 3880
7.2.5 Transmission
There are three kinds of interfaces available in the BTS3812.
I. Transmission Interfaces
Table 7-9 BTS3812 transmission interfaces Name T1 E1 STM-1 16 pairs 16 pairs 4 Qty Speed 1.5 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s 155 Mbit/s Standards ANSI-G.703/G.704 ETS 300 420 ITU G.703/G.704 ANSI T1.105-1995 ITU I.432.2 G.703 ITU G.957
II. 2G cascading interface

Table 7-10 2G cascading interface of BTS3812 Name T1 E1 4 pairs 4 pairs Qty
III. Other external interfaces

Table 7-11 BTS3812 external connector interfaces Interface Clock interface GPS External clock Power and grounding interface Power supply Protection grounding Power grounding Monitoring interface external alarms port output control port E1 bypass control interface Environment monitoring communication interface Remote electric tile antenna interface Video monitoring interface Antenna & feeder interface RF signal interface Type Qty 2 1 1 1 1 32 7 1 Function Providing stable second signal Such as BITS, provide with high precision clock signal of 2.048MHz -----Providing the function of NMPT control and automatic switch in power failure Providing the interface to environment monitoring instrument
2 1 12
Providing the interface to remote electric tile antenna Providing USB interface Corresponding to three sectors or six sectors
7.2.6 External alarm interface

BTS3812 has 32 External alarms and 7 Output control ports for supervision and control of external equipment at the site. The operator may define up to 32 external alarms and 7 output control ports. The alarm contacts are electrically isolated from the NodeB. The external device sets the alarm by either an open or closed condition. The external alarm interfaces characteristics are described in Table 7-12.
Table 7-12 external alarm interfaces characteristics Details for Input/Output Ports Input ports Closed Resistance
Characteristics Closed < 1k ohm
Details for Input/Output Ports Open Resistance Min. current Min Voltage output control ports Max. voltage through relay Max. current through relay
Characteristics Open > 51k ohm 5 mA 6V 110VDC 125VAC 1A
7.2.7 Operation Environment Requirements

Table 7-13 BTS3812 operation environment requirements Item Normal condition Temperature Relative humidity Safe condition Temperature Relative humidity Range 0 C ~ 45 C 5% ~ 85% RH -10 C ~ 55 C 5% ~ 95% RH
7.2.8 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

BTS3812 fulfills the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) requirements according to: 3GPP TS 25.113 latest version ETSI EN 300 385 V1.3.1 IEC or EIA/JEDEC Standards The BTS3812 has passed the CE certification.
7.2.9 Acoustic Noise

In working status, the SPL (sound pressure level) acoustic noise generated by BTS3812 is lower than 45.5 dBA.
7.2.10 Storage Requirements

The BTS3812 complies with ETS class 1.2 Weather Protected, Not Temperature Controlled Storage Locations in ETS 300 019-2-1.
7.2.11 Transportation Requirements

The BTS3812 complies with ETS class 2.3 Public Transportation in ETS 300 019-2-2.
7.2.12 Quakeproof Protection

BTS3812 fulfills the quakeproof protection requirements according to: IEC Class 3M5 Section 4.2.5 in ETSI EN 301 908-3 NEBS GR63 zone4
Chapter 8 Installation
Chapter 8 Installation
The BTS3812 features easy installation. All internal cables of the NodeB have been installed and tested according to the customer's requirements before delivery. The field installation personnel need only fix the cabinet, insert the boards, install the external cables and download the data configuration file. The BTS3812 also facilitates equipment maintenance and future expansion. In the NodeB the internal cables are all on the back. The boards including the RF boards are all easy to insert or pull out because blind mating technologies are applied for them. The maintenance personnel can easily replace or add a board without changing the cables during maintenance or expansion. The external cables of the BTS3812 are easy to install. Ports for the antenna jumpers, power cables and transmission cables are all at the top of the cabinet with corresponding silk-screens. Automatic setup of default maintenance channel is supported. With this function, a default IPoA maintenance channel can be automatically set up between the RNC and the NodeB. Generally, BTS3812 has only NodeB software but no data configuration file after hardware installation. With this function, the maintenance personnel can download the data configuration file to the BTS3812 at the far end. The function decreases the operation and maintenance costs and enhances the maintainability and maintenance quality. The easy BTS3812 software and hardware installation facilitates the quick network deployment.

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Technical Manual System Description BTS3812 WCDMA NodeB

Technical Manual System Description BTS3812 WCDMA NodeB

Huawei Technologies Proprietary ii

Technical Manual System Description BTS3812 WCDMA NodeB

Chapter 1 Introduction to BTS3812

Chapter 1 Introduction to BTS3812

Figure 1-1 Typical solution of WCDMA radio access network

Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-1

Technical Manual System Description BTS3812 WCDMA NodeB

Chapter 1 Introduction to BTS3812

Huawei Technologies Proprietary 1-2

Technical Manual System Description BTS3812 WCDMA NodeB

Chapter 2 Key Benefits

Chapter 2 Key Benefits

2.1 Coverage Capability

2.3 Networking Capability

Huawei Technologies Proprietary 2-1

Technical Manual System Description BTS3812 WCDMA NodeB

Chapter 2 Key Benefits

2.4 Clock and Synchronization

2.5 Enhancement function

Technical Manual System Description BTS3812 WCDMA NodeB

Chapter 2 Key Benefits

I. Smooth evolution of protocol releases

II. Enhancement of functions and technologies

Huawei Technologies Proprietary 2-3

Technical Manual System Description BTS3812 WCDMA NodeB

Chapter 3 System Architecture

Chapter 3 System Architecture

Figure 3-1 Appearance of BTS3812 cabinet

Huawei Technologies Proprietary 3-1

Technical Manual System Description BTS3812 WCDMA NodeB

Chapter 3 System Architecture

(2) Fan subrack (5) Power Amplifier (PA) subrack

(3) Baseband subrack

Figure 3-2 Composition of BTS3812 cabinet under full configuration

Table 3-1 lists the boards and modules in the BTS3812.

Huawei Technologies Proprietary 3-2

Technical Manual System Description BTS3812 WCDMA NodeB

Chapter 3 System Architecture

3.1.2 Functional Architecture

Transport Subsystem NDLP

NDTI/ NAOI NULP

NMON Control Subsystem

Figure 3-3 Functional architecture of BTS3812

Technical Manual System Description BTS3812 WCDMA NodeB

Chapter 3 System Architecture

A BTS3812 is composed of the following subsystems:

II. Baseband subsystem

Huawei Technologies Proprietary 3-4

Technical Manual System Description BTS3812 WCDMA NodeB

Chapter 3 System Architecture

IV. Control subsystem

Huawei Technologies Proprietary 3-5

Technical Manual System Description BTS3812 WCDMA NodeB

Chapter 3 System Architecture

V. Antenna & feeder subsystem

VI. Power Distribution Unit (PDU)

VII. Cooling subystem

Huawei Technologies Proprietary 3-6

Technical Manual System Description BTS3812 WCDMA NodeB

Chapter 3 System Architecture

Huawei Technologies Proprietary 3-7

Technical Manual System Description BTS3812 WCDMA NodeB