Classroom materials I seguenti materiali sono stati utilizzati dalla Dott.

ssa Clegg nelle lezioni di Inglese b1 economia nel periodo 8 aprile 21 maggio 2013. Costituiscono integrazione al libro di testo Benchmark re!Intermediate to Intermediate. "#$%&" and the "'(C) &*C#$+,& p.82 I%%&,-.$% /&%B" 'he stock market appears in the ne0s e1er2 da2. 3ou hear about it all the time in statements like 4shares in this compan2 55555 4 or 4shares in this group 55555 b2 264. But 0hat is a stock market7 $nd 0hat are people 55555 and 55555 7 I8 o0n a business9 then I 0ill need mone29 especiall2 i8 I 0ant it to55555 . I might ha1e enough mone2 m2sel8 but it is more likel2 that I 0ill need to get some 8rom other people. 'his kind o8 mone2 is called capital or 8inancial capital. I8 someone 55555 that m2 business 0ill gro0 and make mone29 then the2 ma2 be 0illing to in1est9 that is9 55555 me some mone2 in return 8or a share in the pro8its that the business 0ill make. 'he stock market appears in the ne0s e1er2 da2. 3ou hear about it all the time in statements like 4shares in this compan2 %I"& ROSE ! %I"&+4 or 4shares in this group :$.. FELL :$..&+ b2 264. But 0hat is a stock market7 $nd 0hat are people BUYING ! B-3 B(-,#' B(-,#' and SELLING "&..! "(.D ! "(.D7 I8 o0n a business9 then I 0ill need mone29 especiall2 i8 I 0ant it to GROW ,%&;! ,%(;+ . I might ha1e enough mone2 m2sel8 but it is more likel2 that I 0ill need to get some 8rom other people. 'his kind o8 mone2 is called capital or 8inancial capital. I8 someone THINKS '#I+) ! '#(-,#' '#(-,#' that m2 business 0ill gro0 and make mone29 then the2 ma2 be 0illing to in1est9 that is9 GIVE ,$/& ,I/&+ me some mone2 in return 8or a share in the pro8its that the business 0ill make. <&+4" $+D ;(<&+4" I+/&"'< &+'" p.8= C#(("& '#& C(%%&C' $.'&%+$'I/&>"? 1 #a1e 2ou e1er heard that 0omen are supposed to be better at managing mone2 than men7 +o0 at last there seems to be e1idence to pro1e it. 2 %esearch has been > &%:(%<&D @ C(+D-C'&D @ <$D& @ C$%%I&D (-'? b2 the shares in8ormation 0ebsite9 Digital.ook.com9 0hich concludes that 0omen are >B&''&% @ B&"' @ ;(%"& @ ;(%"'? better in1estors than men and regularl2 obtain >'$..&% @ #I,#&% ? > %(:I'" @ %&'-%+" ?. <ost o8 them are not pro8essional > %&'$I.&%" @ D&$.&%" ? or rich indi1iduals 0ith 1ast port8olios. 'he2 are ordinar2 >;(<&+ @ ;(<$+? 0ho pla2 the markets 0ith relati1el2 small >$<(-+'" @ "-<" @ A-$+'I'I&"? o8 mone2. 3et these small in1estors are consistentl2 getting a better percentage return >(: @ '#$+ @ '#$'? the pro8essionals. 3 $ccording to a sur1e2 o8 1009000 > (%':(.I(" @ ;$..&'" ?9 0omen4s port8olios ha1e signi8icantl2 > (-' &%:(%<&D @ (-'+-<B&%&D ? men4s. 'he a1erage 0omen4s port8olio >%("& @ ,%&; @ %$I"&D ? b2 Bust a1er 10 per cent in 200=. 'his compares 0ith a>n? >%I"& @ I+C%&$"& @ %("& ? o8 Bust C per cent in the a1erage 1alue o8 men4s port8olios in the sur1e2. 'he > "-%/&3 @ %&"&$%C# @ "'-D3 ? suggests that 0omen read the market better both 0hen it is 8alling and 0hen it is rising. In the 2ear to 31 (ctober 20019 despite the do0nturn in the > &C(+(<IC" @ &C(+(<3 ? 9 0omen4s port8olios gre0 b2 an a1erage o8 2 per cent. B2 contrast9 the a1erage man4s port8olio 8ell b2 2C per cent.

$+";&%" 2 %esearch has been > &%:(%<&D @ C(+D-C'&D @ C$%%I&D (-'? b2 the shares in8ormation 0ebsite9 Digital.ook.com9 0hich concludes that 0omen are >B&''&%? better in1estors than men and regularl2 obtain >@ #I,#&% ? > %(:I'" @ %&'-%+" ?. <ost o8 them are not pro8essional >@ D&$.&%" ? or rich indi1iduals 0ith 1ast port8olios. 'he2 are ordinar2 >;(<&+ @? 0ho pla2 the markets 0ith relati1el2 small >$<(-+'" @ "-<" @ A-$+'I'I&"? o8 mone2. 3et these small in1estors are consistentl2 getting a better percentage return >'#$+? the pro8essionals. 3 $ccording to a sur1e2 o8 1009000 > (%':(.I("?9 0omen4s port8olios ha1e signi8icantl2 > (-' &%:(%<&D? men4s. 'he a1erage 0omen4s port8olio >%("& @ ,%&;? b2 Bust a1er 10 per cent in 200=. 'his compares 0ith a>n? >%I"& @ I+C%&$"& ? o8 Bust C per cent in the a1erage 1alue o8 men4s port8olios in the sur1e2. 'he > "-%/&3 @ %&"&$%C# @ "'-D3 ? suggests that 0omen read the market better both 0hen it is 8alling and 0hen it is rising. In the 2ear to 31 (ctober 20019 despite the do0nturn in the >&C(+(<3 ? 9 0omen4s port8olios gre0 b2 an a1erage o8 2 per cent. B2 contrast9 the a1erage man4s port8olio 8ell b2 2C per cent.

,rammar 0orkshop p.8D ;hich@ 0ho @ that clauses %elati1e pronouns. -sed to Boin t0o sentences in place o8 he @ she @ it @ the2 "ubBect relati1e clauses 'he lessons are held in $ula Congressi. It is one o8 the biggest classrooms. 'he lessons are held in the $ula Congressi which is one o8 the biggest classrooms. 'he lessons are held in the $ula Congressi that is one o8 the biggest classrooms. 'he2 are business &nglish students. 'he2 are taking the eEam in <a2. 'he2 are business &nglish students who are taking the eEam in <a2. 'he2 are business &nglish students that are taking the eEam in <a2. (bBect relati1e clauses 'he students use a book called FBenchmarkG. 'he2 8ind it interesting. 'he students use a book called FBenchmarkG the2 8ind interesting. 'he students use a book called FBenchmarkG which the2 8ind interesting. 'he students use a book called FBenchmarkG that the2 8ind interesting. 'he students 0aited 8or the teacher. 'he2 kne0 she 0ould gi1e the ans0ers. 'he students 0aited 8or the teacher9 who the2 kne0 0ould gi1e the ans0ers. 'he students 0aited 8or the teacher9 that the2 kne0 0ould gi1e the ans0ers. %elati1e clauses 0ith where

'he students 0ent to Classroom . 'he2 thought the lesson 0as there. 'he students 0ent to Classroom 0here the2 thought the lesson 0as. p. 88 1 %elati1e pronoun used onl2 8or things 0hich 2 %elati1e pronoun used onl2 8or people 0ho 3 %elati1e pronoun used onl2 8or places 0here = 3ou can lea1e out or omit the relati1e pronoun in an obBect relati1e clause.
%&/I"I(+ &*&%CI"& #a1e 2ou e1er heard that 0omen are supposed to be better at managing mone2 55555 men7 +o0 at last there seems to be 55555 to pro1e it. %esearch has been 55555 out b2 the shares in8ormation 0ebsite9 Digital.ook.com9 0hich concludes 55555 0omen are better in1estors than men and regularl2 obtain higher 55555. <ost o8 them are 55555 pro8essional dealers or rich indi1iduals 0ith 1ast port8olios. 'he2 are ordinar2 0omen 55555 pla2 the markets 0ith relati1el2 small sums o8 mone2. 3et these small in1estors are consistentl2 55555 a better percentage return than the pro8essionals. #a1e 2ou e1er heard that 0omen are supposed to be better at managing mone2 than men7 +o0 at last there seems to be evidence to pro1e it. %esearch has been carried out b2 the shares in8ormation 0ebsite9 Digital.ook.com9 0hich concludes that 0omen are better in1estors than men and regularl2 obtain higher returns. <ost o8 them are not pro8essional dealers or rich indi1iduals 0ith 1ast port8olios. 'he2 are ordinar2 0omen who pla2 the markets 0ith relati1el2 small sums o8 mone2. 3et these small in1estors are consistentl2 ettin a better percentage return than the pro8essionals. B1 30 aprile 2013 .I"'&+I+, '$%$ ,$+&"# p. 8C
Unit 20 Interview with Tara Ganesh, the marketing director of a company called Entrepreneur. CD 1 Track 1 !isten to an interview with Tara Ganesh, the marketing director of a "usiness support service called Entrepreneur. #hich ways of getting money to start up a "usiness does she mention$ 1. Entrepreneur is A. a company which helps new companies to start up. B. a company which raises capital for new companies. 2. The most common way to finance your business is A. to use your savings. B. borrow from the bank. 3. If you borrow from family and friends it is important to A. discuss all aspects and shake hands. B. make a written agreement. 4. In order to borrow from the bank you need A. a. a recommendation and contacts. B. a business plan.

!. The bank will want to know A. if you have a large house. B. if you will be able to pay them back. ". If a company cant pay back the loan A. the bank will take your assets. B. the bank will sell the business. #. $enture capital firms A. expect a good return on their investment. B. advertise a lot to find clients. %. &usiness an'els A. are easy to find. B. provide funding for new firms.

.istening - 20 p. 8C p. 1DD Business support. Inter1ie0 0ith 'ara ,anesh. Complete these notes 1. ;hich three kinds o8 ad1ice can Entrepreneur gi1e7 $ legal9 cultural and ps2chological B legal9 marketing and 8inancial C legal9 8inancial and practical 2. <ost common 0a2 to 8und a ne0 business $ bank loan B proBect loan C o0n mone2 3. Bank managers 0ant to see a $ loan B credit rating C business plan =. '2pes o8 assets to guarantee bank loans $ capital goods and sa1ings B sa1ings and house C house and eHuipment I. Compan2 0hich pro1ides start up and mone2 is called a $ 1enture capital 8irm B sa1ings bank C chamber o8 commerce C. Can 8ind business angels through $ +ational Business $ngels +et0ork B (nline ad1ertisements C Bank managers /ocabular2 /erb .ead led ! led "ho0 sho0ed ! sho0n recruit %un ran ! run 8ind 8ound ! 8ound a1oid pro1ide belie1e $+";&%" /erb +oun>s? J. leadership sho0 J. J. runner 8ind a1oidance J. J. J. belie8 +oun>s?

.ead led ! led

leader leadership "ho0 ! sho0ed ! sho0n sho0 recruit recruiter recruitment %un ran ! run runner 8ind 8ound ! 8ound 8ind a1oid a1oidance pro1ide pro1ider pro1ision belie1e belie1er belie8

<an2 entrepreneurs 55555 unusual 0a2s to 8inance their business i8 the2 cannot get help 55555 traditional sources. <an2 are 55555 o8 1enture capital 8irms etc.. and ha1e access to them. #o0e1er9 I 55555 that the initial 8unding o8 the so8t0are compan29 )alido9 is one o8 the most unusual. $nd2 #a2ler9 the 55555 9 got his emplo2er to 55555 the capital 8or him. )alido is the 55555 pro1ider o8 data 0arehouse so8t0are that 55555 organisations to understand their business per8ormance better. 55555 other so8t0are packages9 the )alido s2stem is 55555 to create reports on business in8ormation e1en i8 55555 comes 8rom di88erent data 8ormats. (%I,I+$. <an2 entrepreneurs 8ind unusual 0a2s to 8inance their business i8 the2 cannot get help 8rom traditional sources. <an2 are a0are o8 1enure capital 8irms etc.. and ha1e access to them. #o0e1er9 I belie1e that the initial 8unding o8 the so8t0are compan29 )alido9 is one o8 the most unusual. $nd2 #a2ler9 the 8ounder9 got his emplo2er to pro1ide the capital 8or him. )alido is the leading pro1ider o8 data 0arehouse so8t0are that allo0s organisations to understand their business per8ormance better. -nlike other so8t0are packages9 the )alido s2stem is able to create reports on business in8ormation e1en i8 it comes 8rom di88erent data 8ormats.
"&/&%$. .I"'&+I+, &*&%CI"&" :%(< B(()" (: $"' $ &%"K .I"'&+I+, 8rom B&C reliminr2 Book (ne 3ou 0ill hear a discussion bet0een a radio inter1ie0er and the o0ners o8 t0o companies that sell sand0iches. 1. Brian had to dela2 the opening o8 his second sand0ich shop $ because there 0as a 8ire B the local council postponed his licence. 2. Brian sa2s the Hualit2 o8 his sand0iches is $ a1erage B high 3. eople $ smoke B donGt smoke

in BrianGs sand0ich bar. =. Brian sa2s most people ha1e $ slightl2 more than hal8 an hour B o1er 8ort2 minutes 8or their lunch break. I. ,eraldine $ is a Bournalist B started her sand0ich business 0hen she sa0 that it 0ould make mone2. C. ,eraldine $ got a loan 8rom her parents to started her business B started her business on a 1er2 small scale. D. ,eraldine $ 0orks b2 hersel8 in her business B has a business partner called Lack %oberts. $+";&%" 1. Brian had to dela2 the opening o8 his second sand0ich shop $ because there 0as a 8ire Just before the opening of my second shop there was a fire in the empty building. So I had to start again and find new premises 2. Brian sa2s the Hualit2 o8 his sand0iches is B high made from fresh ingredients. Something really good 3. eople $ smoke in BrianGs sand0ich bar. lots of people stay at our tables and chat over a cigarette after their sandwich =. Brian sa2s most people ha1e $ slightl2 more than hal8 an hour 8or their lunch break. Its slightly more than thirty minutes.. but well under forty minutes I. ,eraldine B started her sand0ich business 0hen she sa0 that it 0ould make mone2. It was by accident really So I thought theres an excellent idea here C. ,eraldine B started her business on a 1er2 small scale. I began in a very small way there was no need for my parents to help either D. ,eraldine B has a business partner called Lack %oberts. Now your business partner he decided to give up his proper !ob and ta"e a ris" with me

.I"'&+I+, 8rom B&C reliminar2 Book = #oo" at the notes below. Some information is missing. $ou will hear a !ournalist tal"ing to the %ead of &ublic 'elations of a large supermar"et chain. (or each )uestion complete the space. $ou will hear the conversation twice.

Notes for article

Compan2K Chie8 &Eecuti1eK Current osition re!taE pro8its to "eptemberK Current share priceK Increase in sales per sHuare metreK %educed prices on a total o8K :-'-%& ;ill build "ize o8 each ne0 h2permarketK 'otal amount o8 space 8or non!8ood goods 0ill beK >,? JJJJJJJJJJJJJ..JJ , .$+" two new hypermar"et stores >:? JJJJJJJJJJ.s)uare metres >B? +JJJJJJJJJJJJ million >C? JJJJJJJJJJJJ pence >D? JJJJJJJJJJ. JJ.. , >&? product lines 'e**o >$? Jane JJJJJJJJJJJJJ

.I"'&+I+, :%(< B&C %&.I<+$%3 B(() (+& "#(%' '&*'".

E%ample&

(hen were the machine parts sent) ' Monday !st ( "uesday !st C "hursday rd

"he answer is '.

!"#In 0hich month 0ill the auditors come7 $. "eptember B. +o1ember C. December $" ;hich products ha1e sold best7 $ 8aE machines B ans0ering machines C mobile phones %" ;here 0as the 8light dela2ed7 $. "2dne2 B. #ong )ong C. "ingapore &" ;hen are the2 going to meet7 '" ;ednesda2

B" 'hursda2 (" :rida2 )" ;ho 0ill arri1e late at the meeting7 $. Lohn Bro0n B. <ar2 Lones C. eter ;ilson *"#;hat are the biggest sales according to the annual report7 $ childrenGs clothes B menGs clothes C 0omenGs clothes +" ;hich 8light is the man going to take to aris7 '" 12.1I B" 1.00 (" 2.30 ," ;hich is the cheapest model7 $. %omeE B. ;ilton C. $sset
%&/I"I(+ (: #$.<$ - 18 'rue or 8alse7 #alma sho0s high le1els o8 sales #alma shareholders are probabl2 happ2. #alma sales sho0ed a slight 8all 1MM3! 2003 #almaGs position 0ill probabl2 continue to impro1e (perating costs are a problem 8or #alma I #alma is an engineering group 0hich specialises in products 8or the health and sa8et2 industr2. Its financial results have been impressive9 but not man2 people ha1e studied the reasons 8or its success. 'his is partl2 because the groupGs original chairman did not 0ant to talk about its management approach because he 0as a8raid other companies might cop2 it. 2 #almaGs strateg2 is generall2 to produce a series o8 technical ideas 0hich can then be used to create ne0 products. In the past these de1ices ha1e included a s2stem to kill bacteria in 0ater and another s2stem to stop li8t doors 8rom closing on people. 'he group relies on suppliers to make the component parts. Its o0n 0orkers are generall2 onl2 concerned 0ith the 8inal assembl2 and 0ith researching 8uture products. 'he suppliers are not told 0hat the parts that the2 suppl2 do9 nor ho0 the2 are put together9 to make sure that the2 cannot use #almaGs ideas. It is not in our interest to share this in8ormation9G sa2s "tephen (G"hea9 the chie8 eEecuti1e o88icer 3 Since -../0 turnover at %alma has increased from +-/1m over +2.3m and in the financial year 233/4350 the group reported a pre6tax net profit of +/7.8mn. &art of %almas success can be eEplained b2 tighter legislation o1er health and sa8et29 0hich is being introduced all o1er the 0orld. #o0e1er9 it is also due to its 8ocus on the de1elopment o8 ideas. Since the mid -..3s0 %almas pre6tax return on capital employed has been impressively high compared with many other engineering companies. 9his is largely because the company does not manufacture its own parts. :ompanies which do this often have problems converting the money which has been invested in machinery into profits. $nother 8actor in #almaGs success is its good relationship 0ith its customers. $lthough the2 are not told much about the engineering processes9 #alma makes a strong e88ort to maintain dose contact 0ith them 0orld0ide. In 2003@0=9 N21C.8m o8 the groupGs earnings came 8rom customers abroad. = "o 0hat does the 8uture hold 8or #alma7 <r (G"hea belie1es that the compan2 could eEpand 8urther. '0o!thirds o8 #almaGs sales and pro8its gro0th in the neEt 8e0 2ears could come 8rom eEisting product areas and the rest 8rom areas that #alma has not 2et disco1ered. It is di88icult to predict 0hat the2 0ill be but <r (G"hea is con8ident that the2 0ill be in markets 0ith the possibilit2 o8 longterm gro0th. FI get anno2ed 0hen people describe a market as a neat pie chart

0ith lines dra0n on it he sa2s. F%eal markets are not like that. 'he2 are mess2 and can change in a 1er2 short time. I8 2ou realise that9 2ou ha1e the chance to do 0ell.G +&; /(C$B-.$%3 C.(O& '&"' (+ -+"&&+ '&*' I&" Independent &Eecuti1e "er1ice >I&"? 0as set 55-.555 b2 a leading 1enture capital compan2 to pro1ide companies 0ith temporar2 eEecuti1es 55to555 help them out 0ith particular tasks or periods o8 55deve/o01ent555 . It helps business in trouble to bene8it 8rom the skills and eEperience o8 independent directors. 'he Director eEplains ho0 the2 help ne0 or troubled 8irms. F$8ter preliminar2 discussions 0ith the 55555 compan2Gs #uman %esources >#%? <anager9 0e introduce 8i1e or siE candidates to their Board o8 Directors. 'he2 then select the I&" eEecuti1e 0ho best 55555 their reHuirements. ;e pro1ide independent directors 55555 man2 troubled companies9 including those that 0e 55555 alread2 pro1ided 1enture capital 8or. 'he ser1ice is 8ree to these eEisting clients. :or a555559 0e also help out other companies 0hich 0e think ha1e a good 55555 potential. $dditionall29 0e ha1e a great deal o8 55555 business 8rom satis8ied customers 0ho bu2 our ser1ices again to help 0ith a 55555 stage o8 eEpansion. 'he 8irst step 8or independent eEecuti1es is o8ten to establish ho0 a business is meant to be >should be; 5555 . In man2 small businesses9 it is o8ten unclear to Board members 55555 is responsible 8or 0hat in the compan2. $nother common starting point is helping the eEisting management a1oid bankruptc2. (nl2 then is it possible to turn to more long!term issues.G BO'R2 (H'RGE (LIENT# 2EVELO3 2EVELO34ENT FEE FITS# H'VE L'TE# 4EET5 ON# RE(OVERY# RE3E'T RUN# SU33LIER TO# U3# WHO

Independent &Eecuti1e "er1ice >I&"? 0as set up b2 a leading 1enture capital compan2 to pro1ide companies 0ith temporar2 eEecuti1es to help them out 0ith particular tasks or periods o8 de1elopment. F$8ter preliminar2 discussions 0ith the c/ient compan2Gs #uman %esources >#%? <anager9 0e introduce 8i1e or siE candidates to their Board o8 Directors. 'he2 then select the I&" eEecuti1e 0ho best 6its their reHuirements. ;e pro1ide independent directors to man2 troubled companies9 including those that 0e have alread2 pro1ided 1enture capital 8or. 'he ser1ice is 8ree to these eEisting clients. :or a 6ee9 0e also help out other companies 0hich 0e think ha1e a good reco1er2 potential. $dditionall29 0e ha1e a great deal o8 re0eat business 8rom satis8ied customers 0ho bu2 our ser1ices again to help 0ith a /ater stage o8 eEpansion. 'he 8irst step 8or independent eEecuti1es is o8ten to establish ho0 a business is meant to be run. In man2 small businesses9 it is o8ten unclear to Board members 0ho is responsible 8or 0hat in the compan2. $nother common starting point is helping the eEisting management a1oid bankruptc2. (nl2 then is it possible to turn to more long! term issues.G

/(C$B-.$%3 %&/I"I(+
'he stock market appears in the ne0s e1er2 da2. 3ou hear about it all the time in >1? 55555 like 4shares in this compan2 >2? 55555 P4 or 4shares in this group >3? 55555 Qb2 264. But 0hat is a stock market7 $nd 0hat are people bu2ing and selling7 I8 o0n a business9 then I 0ill >=? 55555 mone29 especiall2 i8 I 0ant it to gro0. I might ha1e enough mone2 m2sel8 but it is more >I? 55555 that I 0ill need to get some 8rom other people. 'his kind o8 mone2 is called capital or 8inancial capital. I8 someone thinks that m2 business 0ill >C? 55555 and make mone29 then the2 ma2 be 0illing to in1est9 that is9 gi1e me some mone2 in return 8or a >D? 5555 in the pro8its that the business 0ill make. $++(-+C&<&+'" 'he stock market appears in the ne0s e1er2 da2. 3ou hear about it all the time in state1ents @ 0hrases#7#announce1ents#like 4shares in this compan2 rose#7#c/i1-ed#7#increased#7#went#u0# 8 rew9: >there has been a rise @ an increase ? or 4shares in this group 6e//#7#decreased#7#went#down b2 264 >there has been a 8all @ decrease? . But 0hat is a stock market7 $nd 0hat are people bu2ing and selling7 I8 o0n a business9 then I 0ill need mone29 especiall2 i8 I 0ant it to gro0. I might ha1e enough mone2 m2sel8 but it is more /i;e/. that I 0ill need to get some 8rom other people. 'his kind o8 mone2 is called capital or 8inancial capital. I8 someone thinks that m2 business 0ill row#7# 6/ourish#7#do#we// and make mone29 then the2 ma2 be 0illing to in1est9 that is9 gi1e me some mone2 in return 8or a share in @>part o8? the pro8its that the business 0ill make.

'he %ight 'reatment 8or $bsentees p. 10I /cabuar2 %e1ision. <atch these. $bsentee rate $ttendance rate Bankruptc2 rate ,ro0th rate ass rate %eturn rate "ickness rate 'he speed o8 eEpansion 'he proportion o8 pro8it 'he proportion o8 people gaining an adeHuate mark in a test or eEam roportion o8 people present roportion o8 people not present roportion o8 disease or illness +umber or proportion o8 8irms collapsing or 8ailing $+";&%" $bsentee rate $ttendance rate

roportion o8 people not present roportion o8 people present

 Bankruptc2 rate ,ro0th rate ass rate or eEam %eturn rate "ickness rate

+umber or proportion o8 8irms collapsing or 8ailing 'he speed o8 eEpansion 'he proportion o8 people gaining an adeHuate mark in a test 'he proportion o8 pro8it roportion o8 disease or illness

/ocabular2 re1ision complete the table noun JJJ JJJ JJJ JJ.. J.J. JJ.. JJ.. sickness J J. in1estment in1estor $+";&%" noun absence absenteeism absentee emplo2ment unemplo2ment emplo2er emplo2ee sickness sale seller in1estment in1estor 1erb adBecti1e absent 1erb ** emplo2 adBecti1e absent emplo2able unemplo2able JJ >8or sale9 on sale9 sold? **

** sell J..

emplo2

emplo2able unemplo2able

sell in1est

sick >8or sale9 on sale9 sold?

,%$<<$% likel2 J probabilit2 Big prizes are likel2 to reduce the absenteeism rate. "mall prizes are unlikel2 to reduce it. It is likel2 that big prizes 0ill reduce the absenteeism rate. It is unlikel2 that small prizes 0ill reduce it. 'here is a likelihood that prizes 0ill reduce the rate. +(-+ ,%(- " 'raining 8or management 9 training o8 management JJJ management training > ara 2? the st2le o8 management o8 the compan2 JJJ..compan2 management st2le rates o8 absenteeism JJ.. absenteeism rates absences 8or sicknesses lasting one da2 Jone da2 sickness absences
SH'REHOL2ERS#W'T(H#BRILL#(LOSELY
Brill9 the #igh "treet retailer9 2esterda2 published 8igures indicating a reco1er2 in sales 8or the 8irst three months o8 the 2earR this pleased the compan2Gs shareholders9 0ho ha1e had a di88icult time in recent 2ears. 'he ne0s 0as not all good9 ho0e1er. "ales at BrillGs sister compan29 BrillGs &lectrical9 0ere disappointing9 impro1ing b2 onl2 0.D per cent during the period. Brian Campbell9 the compan2 chairman9 said9 S'he retail climate is impro1ing slo0l2. (ur retail businesses 8ound that trading conditions 0ere reasonable in $pril9 1er2 poor in <a29 then impro1ed considerabl2 in Lune9 0ith this impro1ement continuing in Lul2. (perating costs are gro0ing more slo0l2 than sales9 so our pro8it 8orecasts 8or the rest o8 the 2ear are good.T 'he compan2 said that it 0ill install customer computer kiosks in more than 2I0 stores b2 Christmas9 a8ter a trial period in 20 stores in the north o8 &ngland 0hen sales rose b2 I per cent. 'hese computer kiosks allo0 speciall2 targeted discounts and promotions to be o88ered to indi1idual customers. !,"#Brill9 the retailer9 has sho0n signs o8 impro1ed sales in the 8irst Huarter o8 the 2ear. ' %ight B ;rong

!<"#'he compan2Gs shareholders ha1e had problems recentl2. ' %ight B ;rong

$="#"ales 8igures at BrillGs &lectrical sho0ed a slight increase. ' %ight B ;rong

$!"#$ccording to the chairman9 trading conditions ha1e impro1ed steadil2 each month since $pril. ' %ight B ;rong

$$"#'he chairman predicts an impro1ement in pro8its as sales are rising 8aster than operating costs. ' %ight B ;rong

$%"#BrillGs computer kiosks ha1e alread2 sho0n that the2 can lead to increased sales. ' %ight B ;rong $&"Customers get speciall2 targeted discounts and promotions at computer desks.

'# %ight $+";&%"

B ;rong

SH'REHOL2ERS#W'T(H#BRILL#(LOSELY
Brill9 the #igh "treet retailer9 2esterda2 published 8igures indicating a reco1er2 in sales 8or the 8irst three months o8 the 2earR this pleased the compan2Gs shareholders9 0ho ha1e had a di88icult time in recent 2ears. 'he ne0s 0as not all good9 ho0e1er. "ales at BrillGs sister compan29 BrillGs &lectrical9 0ere disappointing9 impro1ing b2 onl2 0.D per cent during the period. Brian Campbell9 the compan2 chairman9 said9 S'he retail climate is impro1ing slo0l2. (ur retail businesses 8ound that trading conditions 0ere reasonable in $pril9 1er2 poor in <a29 then impro1ed considerabl2 in Lune9 0ith this impro1ement continuing in Lul2. (perating costs are gro0ing more slo0l2 than sales9 so our pro8it 8orecasts 8or the rest o8 the 2ear are good.T 'he compan2 said that it 0ill install customer computer kiosks in more than 2I0 stores b2 Christmas9 a8ter a trial period in 20 stores in the north o8 &ngland 0hen sales rose b2 I per cent. 'hese computer kiosks allo0 speciall2 targeted discounts and promotions to be o88ered to indi1idual customers. !,"#Brill9 the retailer9 has sho0n signs o8 impro1ed sales in the 8irst Huarter o8 the 2ear. ' %ight B ;rong

!<"#'he compan2Gs shareholders ha1e had problems recentl2. ' %ight B ;rong

$="#"ales 8igures at BrillGs &lectrical sho0ed a slight increase. ' %ight B ;rong

$!"#$ccording to the chairman9 trading conditions ha1e impro1ed steadil2 each month since $pril. ' %ight B ;rong

$$"#'he chairman predicts an impro1ement in pro8its as sales are rising 8aster than operating costs. ' %ight B ;rong $%"#BrillGs computer kiosks ha1e alread2 sho0n that the2 can lead to increased sales. ' %ight B ;rong $&"Customers get speciall2 targeted discounts and promotions at computer desks.

'# %ight

B ;rong