Autor :Sorin George

Present simple and continuous

Present simple : Form : -Affirmative Subject + Verb (inf) Exception : At the person III , the verb ending always in -s or -es Example :

The boy wants a toy car for Christmas. Baiatul vrea o masina de jucarie pentru Craciun.
Attention : 1.The verbs who ending in y pers III sg ,y becomes in "-ies" Example :

I cry She cries. I play He plays

2. The verbs who ending in "o, -ss, -x, -sh, -ch" receive at pers III sg "-es" Example :

My mother usually goes to the market in the morning. Mama se duce de obicei in piata dimineata.
-Negative Subject+ do not/ does not + verb Example :

She does not sing in the school chorus. Ea nu canta in corul scolii.
-Interrogative do not/ does not + Subiect + verb Example :

Does she want to participate in the competition? - Vrea ea sa participle in competitie?

Simple Present Tense is used to express: - General truths apply: The earth has 2 emispheres - Pamantul are 2 emisfere. - Repetitive actions: She takes piano lessons each day at 5 oclock. Ea ia lectii de pian in fiecare

zi la ora 5. Mark gets out of bed, goes to the bathroom and washes his teeth. Mark se da jos din pat, se duce la baie si se spala pe dinti. - Common shares: My grandfather and Iusually look at the starts when the sky is clear. Bunicul meu si cu mine, noi ne uitam de obicei la stele cand e senin. - Actions planned in the future, binding (with verbs of motion): The year ends with the 31st of December. Anul se termina cu 31 decembrie.
- Actions of the moment, when completed are done:

Present continuous : Form : -Affirmative Subject +to be + ing Example : She is cutting the cake in slices. (Ea taie prajitura felii.) -Negative Subject + to be + not + verb + ing Example :

She is not talking at the moment, she is eating. (In acest moment ea nu vorbeste, mananca.)
-Interrogative To be + Subiect + verb + ing Example :

Is she smiling ? (Ea zambeste ?)

This continuous is used to express: - Action that happens when speech : The wind is blowing.- Vantul sufla. - actiune care se extinde pe o perioada putin mai lunga de timp : Julia is reading a novel by Dickens. -

Iulia citeste un roman de Dickens. - actiune temporara, limitata : I live in Cluj but this year I am living in Bucuresti. Traiesc in Cluj dar in acest an locuiesc in Bucuresti.
There are some verbs that do not use the Present Continuous. They are divided into the following categories: Verbs of perception : feel, hear, see, smell, taste Verbs of opinion : sume, believe, consider, doubt, feel (= a crede), find (= a considera) Verbs referring to mental perception : forget, imagine, know, mean, notice, recognize Verbs expressing emotions or desires : envy, fear, dislike, hate, hope, like, love, mind, prefer Verbs used to measure : contain, cost, hold, measure, weigh Other verbs : look (= a se asemana), seem, be (in majoritatea cazurilor), have = a poseda) Ex : 1. I play (play) with my dog. 2. She loves (love) her mother. 3. They are (be) happy. 4. My English teacher is (be) nice. 5. They burn (burn) papers in the fire-place. 6. My dog is (be) ten years old. 7. Has (have) he got any sister ? 8. He tries (try) to catch his bus. 9. Oil is (be) a raw material. 10. I play (play) with my sister.