Question bank

Subject: EEM Class 6th sem Electrical

(**) indicates most IMP questions

Unit-1 Error in measurement

Types of errors and its remedies. (**) Define: accuracy, precision, resolution, sensitivity, drift. Explain precision index and limiting error. (**) Statistical analysis: with examples Functional Elements of an Instrumentation System Ten readings noted when measuring current are:41.7, 42.0, 41.8, 42.0, 42.1 , 41.9 , 42.0 , 41.9 , 42.5, 41.8 amp.Find mean , standard deviation, (0.221) probable error of one reading , (0.14) probable error of the mean (0.049), and range (span) (0.8) (**) The following 10 observation were recorded when measuring a voltage: 41.7, 42.0,41.8, 42.0, 42.1, 41.9, 42.0, 41.9, 42.5, and 41.8 volt. Find (1) The mean 2) The standard deviation (3) The probable 4) error of one reading(4) The probable error of mean (5) range (**)

Unit-2 AC bridges 1) Derive the balancing equation for Scherring Bridge. 2) Derive the balancing equaton for Maxwells Bridge. 3) Derive the balancing equation for Andersons Bridge. 4 ) The a.c. bridge is used to measure an unknown inductance Lx that has inherent resistance Rx. The bridge parameter are R1= 20000 ohm, R2= 50000 ohms, C2= 0.003 uF, w= 10^6 rad/sec. C1 is adjustable from 10pF to 150pF and R4 is adjustable from 0 to 10000 ohm. (1)Show that equations for resistive and reactive balance are independent of each other. (2) Determine largest values of Rx and Lx those are measurable with given parameters.

4) Derive the balancing equation for Hays Bridge, Owens Bridge, and De-Sautys Bridge. Unit-3 Measurement of resistance
1) Explain Wheatstone Bridge method for measurement of resistance with limitation advantage and disadvantage. (**)

2) Draw the circuit of Kelvins double bridge used for measurement of low resistance. Derive the condition for balance. (**) 3) What are the problems with the measurement of high resistance? Derive equation for measurement of insulation resistance. (**) 4) Which methods are used for measurement of low resistance, explain any one. 5) Construction and working of meggar. (**) 6) States the different methods for high resistance: explain megaohm bridge.
7) Measurement of earth resistance, describe methods with diagram. (**)

Unit-4 instrument transformer

Draw the equivalent circuit and phasor diagram of a current transformer. Derive the expression for ratio and phase angle errors. (**)

Define the following. (**) Transformation ratio Nominal ratio Turns ratio Ratio correction factor Burden
Explain construction and working of current transformer. Derive equation for ratio and phase angel error of a potential transformer (**).

A single turn 200/5 Amp. C.T. has non-inductive burden of 1 Ohm. Magnetizing current is 80Amp. Calculate current ratio and phase angle of transformer.
Discuss effect of change in burden and power factor on the ratio and phase angle of CTs(**)

Why secondary of CT should not be be open ?compare CT and PT (**) Explain testing of CT with any one method.

Unit-5 magnetic measurement

Q.1 What is magnetic measurement? Which tests are necessary for the magnetic measurement?

Q.2

Explain the construction and operations of ballistic galvanometer.

Q.3

Explain the flux operation.

Q.4 Point out the differences between fluxmeter and ballistic galvanometer.

Q.5

Explain the method of measuring flux density

Q.6 How B-H curve is determined using method of reversals?.

Q.7 Write a note on hysteresis loss and eddy current loss.

Q.8 Explain in brief, the various methods of measuring iron losses.

Unit-6 location of cable fault

Describe the varley loop test for localization of ground and short circuit fault in cables. (**) In the test for a fault to earth by murry loop test, the faulty cable has a length of 5.2 km. The faulty cable is looped with a sound cable of the same length and cross section. The resistances of ratio arms are 100 and 41.2 at balance. Calculate the distance of the fault from the test end. If the decade resistance boxes forming the ratio arms have limits of error of 0.5% of dial reading. What is the limit of error in the above calculated result? (**)

Explain Murray loop test for location cable fault (**) Explain Blavier test.

Unit-7 wave analysers and harmonic distortion:

Explain Heterodyne wave analyzer with block diagram. (**) Explain frequency selective wave analyzer with block diagram. (**) Explain harmonic distortion analyzer(**) Describe application of instrumentation amplifier(**) Advantage and Application of spectrum analyzer.

What is transient?

(**) indicates most IMP questions