Annotated Bibliography Thesis Statement:

Sandy Lin Period 7

For several millenniums, the issue of human trafficking has become increasingly prominent in third world countries including and especially in Asia; consequently, the authorities of these countries should have carefully surveyed the rights and responsibilities of human trafficking before commencing the horrific act.

Primary Sources
Ballen, Roger. Charlotte Awino was 14 when she was abducted in 1996.. 2005. NYtimes. The New York Times 5 May 2005: n. pag. Print. <http://www.nytimes.com/imagepages/2005/0> Summary: This picture portrays a young woman that was abducted in 1996 when she was only 14. Charlotte Awino looks traumatized and depressed which traces back to her earlier condition when she was abducted only at the age of 14. The visual presentation can set emotional ties between the reader and another way to show the cruel condition with human trafficking

Bush, George W.. Public Papers of George W. Bush -- Remarks at the National Training Conference on Human Trafficking in Tampa, Florida,. 16-Jul-04. World Book Advanced. Web. 16 Oct. 2013. <http://worldbookonline.com/advanced/presidential?id=pp365980&st=human+traffickin g> Summary: This document is similar to the one written by Barack Obama but it written by George W. Bush during his time of presidency. He made comments and remarks regarding the human trafficking issue in Tampa, Florida. Though it was not the region I am researching human trafficking on, the document can be helpful for me to understand as a leaders point of view towards this world issue. As for the purpose of this document, I can, also use it as an agreement from the ex-president for my argument.

"COSA Children's Organization of Southeast Asia." COSA Childrens Organization of Southeast Asia. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Dec. 2013. <http://www.cosasia.org/>. Summary: This website has information on trafficking in Asia, which is especially prominent. It has way to help and also information like how human trafficking affects society and victims.

Crossette, Barbara. "U.N. Warns That Trafficking in Human Beings Is Growing." Historical Newpapers. N.p., 25 June 2000. Web. 17 Oct. 2013. <goo.gl/BwjdPY>. Summary: The newspaper article written by Barbara Crossette from The New York Times states that human trafficking is growing since 2000. However, the issue did not seem to tame down 13 years later. It states that human trafficking is growing faster than ever and it is putting humans in danger. A U.N. official calls it the biggest human rights violation in the world. The newspaper article can be used as a good source on my website because both The New York Times and United Nations are reliable sources.

"Engendering the Concept of Peace: on Violence against Women :: JapanFocus." Engendering the Concept of Peace: on Violence against Women :: JapanFocus. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Dec. 2013. <http://japanfocus.org/-Ito-Ruri/2309>. Summary: The picture taken depicted the Japanese soldiers during WWII. This picture can help with the history section of my website as a visual presentation of human trafficking in earlier days

Gale. "GIC | Article." GaleNet. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Oct. 2013. <http://find.galegroup.com/gic/infomark.do?&contentSet=EBKS&idigest=fb720fd31d90 36c1ed2d1f3a0500fcc2&type=retrieve&tabID=T0011&prodId=GIC&docId=CX2560000 170&source=gale&userGroupName=itsbtrial&version=1.0>. Summary: This primary source article describes the different people and setting in human trafficking and how many people were trafficked within countries and international borders. This source is useful because it is from the book, Human and Civil Rights: Essential Primary Sources thus making it reliable and helpful. I can use this source on my website just like I have using other sources, providing clear information for the reader.

Koirala, Anuradha."CNN: The fight to end sex trafficking." CNN Hero. CNN. CNN, Atlanta: 23 June 2011. Television. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ySE11H39FzA> Summary: During the interview of Geeta, she provides a personal experience of human trafficking. She was taken to Puna and was sold at the age of 9; Geeta was sent to 5 men and if she disobeys, she gets shocked and tortured with electricity. Geeta was forced to engage in sexual activity with 60 men each day. Anuradha Koirala comes in to provide shelter and protection for the girls rescued from human trafficking. This was an excellent source because it provided an insight on what human trafficking was like according to

Geeta. The resource can be used as a primary source and an example of a personal experience on my website

Kristof, Nicholas D.. "Human Trafficking News - The New York Times." Times Topics - The New York Times. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Oct. 2013. <http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/subjects/h/human_trafficking/> Summary: The picture on the website depicts a group of men being accumulated into human trafficking. The men looks as if they were in harsh condition although, still properly dressed. I can, again, use the picture as a visual presentation towards my project to show the cruel condition with human trafficking.

Laczko, Frank. "Data and research on human trafficking: A global survey." IOM International Organization for Migration. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2013. < http://goo.gl/jronPE > Summary: This source contains numerous other resources into one single large document. Including the source I cited earlier by the author June JH Lee. This long and dense document contains research, examples, statistics, and facts about human trafficking, thus the statistics making it a primary resource. I would say this is one of the most useful resources on human trafficking because it suppressed many documents into a large one. The information can be used on my website making it very informational and detailed. It basically contains all the credible researches on human trafficking alone.

Lee, June JH. "Human trafficking in East Asia: current trends, data collection, and knowledge gaps." International Migration 43.12 (2005): 165-201. <http://goo.gl/EbppHF> Summary: The sources provided excellent details especially on East Asia where I begin my research. There are maps of trafficking routes in East Asia, bar graph of Forms of Exploitation: Comparison within Countries, and many data and statistics. The sources were very useful because everything was factual and the statistics will be a good addition to my website. It is also very thorough and precise about its facts and evidence. The sources can be added to my paper to demonstrate its credibility and persuasive quality of the paper

Maze, Stephanie . Child prostitutes in the Brazilian mining town of Curionopolis. 1985. Documentary, Curionopolis, Brazil. Gale 1 Aug. 1985: n. pag. Print. < http://www.corbisimages.com/stock-photo/rights-managed/AZ002774/youngprostitutes-in-mining-town>

Summary: The photo portrays the young and innocent children as prostitutes. The girls in the picture look about 6 or 7, and they are covered in dirt which also depicts their lack of nutrition and hygiene. This is a useful photo because it correctly displays the condition of the children in human trafficking. I can use this picture as a visual presentation of how human trafficking back in the 1985 comparing it with a recent photo, and how human trafficking remains a big controversial issue today.

McKim, Jenifer B. . "From victim, to survivor, to leader, a former sex trafficking victim speaks out - Metro - The Boston Globe." The Boston Globe. N.p., 27 Nov. 2012. Web. 17 Oct. 2013. <http://www.bostonglobe.com/news/nation/2012/11/27/from-victim-survivorleader-former-sex-trafficking-victim-speaksout/mOyhAeptFOioVKZeVZB7NN/story.html>. Summary: This is another source where the survivor of human trafficking speaks out. Asia Graves was a victim of human trafficking yet she has survived and spoke out her story. She helped people for example, her 2009 testimony in Boston helped prosecutors convict people charged with child sexual trafficking offenses. It was a helpful source because I can use her as an example of someone that was once a victim but survived and prospered leaving behind her pain.

"Not For Sale: End Human Trafficking and Slavery." Not For Sale End Human Trafficking and Slavery Home Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Dec. 2013. <http://www.notforsalecampaign.org/>. Summary: This website is a campaign to end human trafficking and slavery; it contains information on human trafficking and stories of trafficked victims.

Obama, Barack H.. Presidential Papers, December 2010 -- Proclamation 8621National Slavery and Human Trafficking Prevention Month, 2011 December 22, 2010. December 22, 2010. World Book Advanced. Web. 16 Oct. 2013. <worldbookonline.com/advanced/presidential?id=pp610160&st=human+trafficking>. Summary: This document contains a speech written by Barack Obama on human trafficking prevention month. He talks about human trafficking and how we can help to prevent it from happening. This is useful because, first, it is from the president of our own country therefore it is a very credible source, and second, he puts out his own thoughts in the document. I can use it as an agreement from the president for my argument.

Obama, Barack H.. Presidential Papers, December 2011 -- Proclamation 8772National Slavery and Human Trafficking Prevention Month, 2012 December 30 2011. December 30, 2011. World Book Advanced. Web. 18 Oct. 2013. <http://worldbookonline.com/advanced/presidential?id=pp610658&st=human+traffickin g> Summary: This document is also by Barack Obama, this time; he relates his ideas to the Emancipation Proclamation written by President Abraham Lincoln having the same general idea as his other document, saying how human trafficking is endangering the lives of millions of people in the world. As for every presidential paper, I am using it as an agreement for my argument because of the high credibility a country leader, Barack Obama.

Obama, Barack H.. Public Papers of Barack Obama -- Proclamation 8471National Slavery and Human Trafficking Prevention Month, 2010. World Book Advanced. Web. 18 Oct. 2013. <http://worldbookonline.com/advanced/presidential?id=pp400237&st=human+traffickin g> Summary: This is the last presidential paper by Barack Obama containing information on human trafficking. Again, the document contains the same idea, like the Emancipation Proclamation was brought up by Barack Obama, and he urges people to fight for human trafficking during the Human Trafficking Prevention Month. I am using it as an agreement for my argument on my website.

Office on Drugs and Crimes, United Nations. "Global Report on Trafficking in Person." UNODC United Nations Office on Drugs and Crimes. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Oct. 2013. <www.unodc.org/documents/human-trafficking/Global_Report_on_TIP.pdf>. Summary: This document essentially is a more improvised version of the last document from United Nations Office on Drugs and Crimes. This source contains all human trafficking statistics from every single country in the world. This is helpful; however it is not specific on the region I want to focus my topic on. This 292 page document contains full on information about every countrys human trafficking issue. It has charts and bar graphs on the genders in human trafficking and the age. As like the other statistic sources I have, this source can be utilized as a further understanding and reliability on and to my topic.

Office on Drugs and Crimes, United Nations. "Trafficking in Persons: Global Patterns." United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Oct. 2013. <www.unodc.org/pdf/traffickinginpersons_report_2006ver2.pdf> Summary: Again, this source also provided excellent statistics and diagrams to depict human trafficking. There are charts describing the human trafficking rate from very high to very low in each country. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crimes is a credible source because the government is issuing these statistics. The map shows reported trafficking in Asia. Similar to the other source, both provided practical statistics and evidence I can use. The information can also be added the increase the credibility of my website, because of the statistics provided.

"The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, UDHR, Declaration of Human Rights, Human Rights Declaration, Human Rights Charter, The Un and Human Rights." UN News Center. UN, n.d. Web. 9 Dec. 2013. <http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/>. Summary: This is very helpful because it supports my argument on the rights of the individuals being trafficked. Articles 4 and 5 mainly supports the argument, and it contains other basic rights of a human being.

PBS. "Too Close to Home: Human Trafficking in Tampa Bay | WEDU PBS." Home | WEDU PBS. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Oct. 2013. <http://www.wedu.org/humantrafficking/>. Summary: This video talks about human trafficking in Tampa Bay and it includes interviews with some survivors of human trafficking. This documentary is an excellent source because even though, it talks about human trafficking in Tampa Bay only, it was a big issue then. Even in a worldwide aspect, human trafficking is a big issue currently. I can use this video as evidence and an example of human trafficking in other countries.

Public Domain Photographs. "Africans Aboard a Slave Ship." Africans Aboard a Slave Ship. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Dec. 2013. <http://wysinger.homestead.com/mapofafricadiaspora3.html>. Summary: The pictures on this website depict African child human trafficking and slavery. As shown, the picture contained numerous amounts of children cramped together in a ship. The pictures were taken in 1868 which is an excellent primary source to show the condition of the children.

Photo courtesy of the U.S. State Department.. "FBI Today's Slave Trade ." FBI Homepage. N.p., 8 May 2009. Web. 18 Oct. 2013. <http://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2008/may/humantrafficking_050908>.

Summary: The photo was taken courtesy of the U.S. State Department. The photo caption describes the photo as, A Western man negotiating for a young Thai girl (far right), who clutches the arm of her trafficker. After settling on a price, the man left with the girl, and the trafficker left with her payment. The photo blurred the young Thai girls face, but assuming just by the photo, it was not ordinary business. The source was useful because we have a visual presentation of how young the girl was along with another even smaller girl sitting next to her, and the visual of the old white man negotiating with her. The source can be added to my website as a general visual presentation to enhance the overall quality effect of it.

Polaris Project. "Survivor Stories | Polaris Project | Combating Human Trafficking and Modernday Slavery." Polaris Project | Combating Human Trafficking and Modern-day Slavery. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Oct. 2013. <http://www.polarisproject.org/what-we-do/clientservices/survivor-stories>. Summary: This website contains many stories of survivors from human trafficking and they are all personal experiences. One example may be Sarah who experience domestic minor sex trafficking however the issue did not apply to a mass of people. These personal experiences, again, are useful as examples of previous contact with human traffickers.

Thernstrom, Melanie. "Charlotte, Grace, Janet and Caroline Come Home - New York Times." The New York Times - Breaking News, World News & Multimedia. N.p., 8 May 2005. Web. 15 Oct. 2013. <http://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/08/magazine/08UGANDA.html?pagewanted=all&_r =0>. Summary: The magazine article describes the experience of coming home for Charlotte, Grace, and Janet. Though not through first person, the experience was told by the victims but written by Melanie Thernstrom. It contains dialogue and personal experiences. The source is helpful to my website because it contains direct experience from the victims themselves and I can use it as another example of direct contact with human trafficking from victims.

UN.GIFT. "Human Trafficking: The Facts." UN.GIFT Global Initiative to Fight Human Trafficking. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Oct. 2013. <www.unglobalcompact.org/docs/issues_doc/labour/Forced_labour/HUMAN_TRAFFIC KING_-_THE_FACTS_-_final.pdf>. Summary: This document basically just contains all statistics of human trafficking and some general facts like how many people are in human trafficking and of that amount,

how many in each country. The document can support my arguments on the website along with the other statistics I have found.

Secondary Sources
Aghazarm, Christine . "Human Trafficking: New Directions for Research ." IOM International Organization for Migration. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Oct. 2013. <www.iom.int/jahia/webdav/shared/shared/mainsite/microsites/IDM/workshops/ensuring _protection_070909/human_trafficking_new_directions_for_research.pdf>. Summary: This contains facts and research information on human trafficking. It did not contain many statistics thus did not count towards primary sources. This 191 page research paper contains personal opinions and evidence according to human trafficking. I can use the information in my website as evidences and research information on human trafficking. It is helpful because the authors are reliable sources. "Human trafficking affects every aspect of society." - Lifestyles. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Dec. 2013. <http://progress-index.com/lifestyles/human-trafficking-affects-every-aspect-of-society1.1458564>. Summary: This website has information on how human trafficking can affect the society and the victims. It can be used as a point of view from the society and the victims itself. The website is useful when I need quick facts on health problems the trafficked humans suffer.

Polaris Project. "Human Trafficking | Polaris Project | Combating Human Trafficking and Modern-day Slavery." Polaris Project | Combating Human Trafficking and Modern-day Slavery. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Oct. 2013. <http://www.polarisproject.org/humantrafficking/overview>. Summary: This website has many information on human trafficking, like what is it, information on the traffickers, the victims and why trafficking exists in general. This website also contains personal experiences from surviving victims which I have cited in the primary sources. This is a helpful website because it gives a general idea on human trafficking, what is it about and it can help my project by giving further understanding on the topic of human trafficking

Soroptimist. "Human Trafficking Facts | Sex Slavery and Trafficking | Soroptimist." Women's Organization | Volunteer Opportunities | Soroptimist. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Oct. 2013. <http://www.soroptimist.org/trafficking/faq.html>.

Summary: This website also has general information on human trafficking and it especially emphasizes it on woman and girls because they are more vulnerable to human trafficking. The summary of the information on human trafficking can help me provide knowledge to the reader; it is useful because everything is condensed into simple summaries.

Stearman, Kaye. Human trafficking around the world. New York, NY: Rosen Central, 2011. Print. Summary: The book described human trafficking around the world very well. It was an easy read on description of human trafficking, the history and the responses to it. It provided a lot of information that can easily be absorbed. Though Stearman included quotes and statistics, it was essentially paragraphs of summaries on human trafficking. The source was useful because it was filled with information in a simple 45 page read but it was convenient and resourceful. I can use it on my website to give a general overview or description about human trafficking and acknowledge the reader about human trafficking other than providing them with statistics.

Swanson, David . "IRIN Asia | Analysis: Southeast Asias human trafficking conundrum | Indonesia | Cambodia | Thailand | Vietnam | Human Rights | Migration." IRIN humanitarian news and analysis from Africa, Asia and the Middle East - updated daily. N.p., 6 May 2013. Web. 15 Oct. 2013. <http://www.irinnews.org/report/97979/analysissoutheast-asia-s-human-trafficking-conundrum> Summary: The website identifies some victims of human trafficking and generally summarizes the idea of human trafficking. Also it is more specific on Southeast Asias human trafficking. It states that women are more vulnerable to human trafficking however a lot of Cambodian men are trafficked annually. The website is helpful and can be used in my project to argue or discuss about human trafficking in 3rd person point of view.