Engineering Mechanics (May-2012, Set-3) JNTU-Kakinada

Code No: R21031/R10 II B.Tech. I Semester Supplementary Examinations

S.27

May - 2012 ENGINEERING MECHANICS

( Common to ME, AE, AME, MM )

Set-3
Solutions
Max. Marks: 75

Time: 3 Hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal marks --1. (a)

Two spheres weighing 80 N and 120 N are connected by a flexible string AB and rest on two mutually perpendicular planes PQ and QR. Find the tension in the string which passes freely through slots in smooth inclined planes PQ and QR. (Figure ) (Unit-II, Topic No. 2.1)
Q B A P 30 R

(b)

Figure Determine the reaction forces at the supports A and B of the beam loaded as shown in figure. (Unit-I, Topic No. 1.3)
20 kN 1m 1000 N-m A 0.7 m 3m 0.9 m B 10 kN

Figure 2. (a) (b) Find the moment of the force F = (10i + 30j + 70k) kN acting through point A(2, 3, 1) m with respect to the line passing from P(3, 2, 1) m through Q(3, 2, 10) m. (Unit-I, Topic No. 1.3) A hollow right circular cylinder of radius a is open at both the ends and rests on a smooth horizontal plane as shown in figure. Inside the cylinder are two spheres having weight W1 and W2 and radii r1 and r2 respectively. The lower sphere also rests on the horizontal plane. Neglecting the friction, find the minimum weight Q of the cylinder in order that it will not tip over. (Unit-II, Topic No. 2.5)

W1 r1 W2 r2

Figure
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S.28
3. (a)

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2012 Determine the distance of the centre of gravity of a homogeneous truncated right circular cone from the plane of the base if the radius of the base is r1 the radius of the top r2 and the altitude of the truncated portion h. (Unit-III, Topic No. 3.2.1) Determine the y coordinate of the centroid of a uniform triangular lamina as shown in figure. (Unit-III, Topic No. 3.2.1)
y

(b)

Figure 4. (a) (b) 5. Calculate the area moment of inertia of a triangle with respect to its base. The base of the triangle is b and height is h. (Unit-IV, Topic No. 4.2) Determine the mass moment of inertia of a solid right circular cylinder of uniform density with respect to its centroidal diameter the radius of the cylinder is a and its length is h. (Unit-IV, Topic No. 4.5)

Determine the forces in the members GF, CD and CF of the frame shown in figure 5 using method of sections. (Unit-V, Topic No. 5.3)
H G F 45 kN

7m

A B 4m 40 kN 4m C 4m 70 kN D 4m

Figure 6. (a) A particle of mass m slides down a frictionless chute and enters a loop-the loop of diameter d. What should be the height h at the start in order that the particle may make a complete circuit in the loop? (Figure) (Unit-VI, Topic No. 6.1.2)

Figure (b) A flywheel of 600 mm diameter is brought uniformly from rest up to speed of 400 r.p.m in 15 seconds. Find the velocity and acceleration of a point on its rim 3 seconds after starting from rest. (Unit-VI, Topic No. 6.1.3)

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Engineering Mechanics (May-2012, Set-3) JNTU-Kakinada

7. (a)

S.29

A horizontal turnable carries a gun at A and rotates with initial angular velocity 0 about its vertical geometric axis. Calculate the increment of angular velocity that the turnable will obtain if the gun fires a bullet of mass m with tangential muzzle velocity v. (Figure) (Unit-VII, Topic No. 7.3)

A r

Figure (b) A flat car can roll without resistance along a horizontal track as shown in figure. Initially, the car together with a man of weight w is moving to the right with speed v. What increment in velocity will the car obtain if the man runs with speed u relative to the floor of the car and jumps off at the left. (Unit-VII, Topic No. 7.1)

u W

W v

Figure 8. (a) A block B of weight 1000 N is to be moved by a force P acting on a weightless wedge shown in figure. If the coefficient of friction on all contact surfaces is 0.15, determine the value of force P. (Figure) (Unit-VIII, Topic No. 8.2.3)

A B 75
Figure (b) A square threaded screw jack of 70 mm mean diameter and 10 mm pitch is required to lift a load of 300 N. The coefficient of friction is 0.1. Determine the force to be applied at the end of a lever of 400 mm long. Also determine whether the jack is self-locking. (Unit-VIII, Topic No. 8.2.4)

300 N

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S.30

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2012

SOLUTIONS TO MAY-2012, SET-3, QP

Q1. (a) Two spheres weighing 80 N and 120 N are connected by a flexible string AB and rest on two mutually perpendicular planes PQ and QR. Find the tension in the string which passes freely through slots in smooth inclined planes PQ and QR.
Q B A P 30 R

Fy = 0 RBcos30 Tsin B = 0 0.866RB Tsin B = 0

T cos 0.866

... (4)

From equation (1), RA =

Substitute value of RA in equation (2), we get, 0.5

T cos A + Tsin = 0 0.866

Figure Answer : May-12, Set-3, Q1(a) The free body diagram for each roller is,
RA

A = 0.577 Tcos + Tsin = T(0.577cos + sin )

T cos = 2Tcos 0.5

... (5)

From equation (3), RB =

90

30

RB T 30

Substitute value of RB in equation (4), we get, 0.866 (2Tcos ) Tsin B = 0 1.732 Tcos Tsin = B B = T(1.732cos sin ) ... (6) Dividing equations (6) and (5), we get,

T WB= 120 N WA= 80 N

B T (1.732 cos sin ) = A T (0.577 cos + sin )

B 1.732 cos sin = A 0.577 cos + sin

Figure (i) Figure (ii) Let, T = Tension in the string RA = Reaction of the plane on roller acting perpendicular to the plane PQ RB = Reaction of the plane on roller acting perpendicular to the plane QR. Resolving reactions RA and RB and tension T in x y directions and considering equilibrium of roller A. Fx = 0 Tcos RAsin 60 = 0 Tcos = 0.866 RA ... (1) Fy = 0 RAcos 60 A + Tsin = 0 0.5RA A + Tsin = 0 ... (2) Consider equilibrium of roller B. Fx = 0 Tcos RBsin30 = 0 Tcos 0.5 RB = 0 ... (3)

B cos (1.732 tan ) = A cos (0.577 + tan ) B (1.732 tan ) = A (0.577 + tan )
(0.577 + tan )B = (1.732 tan )A 0.577B + B tan = 1.732A A tan 0.577 120 + 120 tan = 1.732 80 80 tan (Q A = 80 N, B = 120 N) 69.24 + 120 tan = 138.56 80 tan 120 tan + 80 tan = 138.56 69.24 200 tan = 69.32 tan =
69.32 = 0.3466 200

= tan1(0.3466) = 19.11

= 19.11

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Engineering Mechanics (May-2012, Set-3) JNTU-Kakinada

Substitute the value of in equation (6), we get, T= T= Q2. (a)

S.31
Find the moment of the force F = (10i + 30j + 70k) kN acting through point A( 2, 3, 1) m with respect to the line passing from P(3, 2, 1) m through Q(3, 2, 10) m. May-12, Set-3, Q2(a)

(1.732)cos sin
(1.732) cos (19.11) sin (19.11)
120

Answer : Given that, Force, F = (10i + 30j + 70k) =

T = 91.66 N Therefore, the tension in the string, T = 91.66 N. (b) Determine the reaction forces at the supports A and B of the beam loaded as shown in figure.
20 kN 1m 1000 N-m A 0.7 m 3m 0.9 m B 10 kN

(10)2 + (30)2 + (70)2

= 76.811 kN The force vector along the points P(3, 2, 1) m and Q (3, 2, 10) m is given as, FPQ = Fm ( PQ ) = Fm (0i + 0j + 9k) =

Figure Answer : May-12, Set-3, Q1(b) Given that a couple of 1 kN-m is acting in clockwise direction at 3.7 m from point A.
20 kN 1m 1 kN-m A RA 0.7 m 3m 0.9 m B RB 10 kN

76.811 92

(9k ) = 8.535 (9k)

The position vector of point A(2, 3, 1) with origin O i.e (0, 0, 0) is, rOA = (2i + 3j + k) Therefore, moment of force F about the point A is,
F = rOA FPQ MA

Figure Let, RA be the reaction at point A and RB be the reaction at point B. Taking the moments about point A and equating the resultant to zero, we get, (RB 4.6) 1 (10 1.7) (20 0.7) = 0 4.6RB 1 17 14 = 0 RB =
32 = 6.957 kN 4.6

i j k 2 3 1 = 8.535 0 0 9
= 8.535[i(27 0) j(18 0) + k(0 0)] = 8.535[27i + 18j + 0 k]
2 2 = 8.535 (27 ) + (18)

= 276.960 kNm (b) A hollow right circular cylinder of radius a is open at both the ends and rests on a smooth horizontal plane as shown in figure. Inside the cylinder are two spheres having weights W1 and W2 and radii r1 and r2 respectively. The lower sphere also rests on the horizontal plane. Neglecting the friction, find the minimum weight Q of the cylinder in order that it will not tip over.

Therefore, the reaction at point B on the beam is 6.957 kN. Also, Equilibrium of the beam is given as, RA + RB 20 10 = 0 RA + RB = 30 RA = 30 RB RA = 30 6.957 = 23.043 kN Therefore, the reaction at point A on the beam is 23.043 kN.

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S.32
a W1 r1 W2 r2

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2012

M c 2 = 0
R1 C1C2sin W1 C2O = 0 R1 4a (r1 + r2 ) 4a 2 W1 [2a (r1 + r2)] = 0

R1 =

W1 [2a (r1 + r2 )] 4 a (r1 + r2 ) 4 a 2

... (1)

Figure Answer : May-12, Set-3, Q2(b) Let, C1, C2 be the centres of the two spheres and be the inclination of C1, C2 with horizontal. Join the centres of the spheres C1 and C2 and draw a line C1O perpendicular to a horizontal line through C2.

2a

r1 C 1 C2 r2

We know that, Fx = 0 R2 R1 = 0 R2 = R1 ... (2) Also, Fy = 0 R 3 W1 W2 = 0 R3 = W1 + W2 ... (3) Consider the Equilibrium of Cylinder Let, h1 be the height of first sphere centre and h2 be the height of second sphere centre. When the cylinder is about to tip over P, there exists no reaction from ground at Q.
2a W R1

Figure (1) From geometry, C1 C2 = r1 + r2 and C2O = 2a r1 r2 cos =

R2 h2 P Q h1

2a r1 r2 r1 + r2 4a(r1 + r2 ) 4a r1 + r2
2

Figure (3) MP = 0 R1h1 R2h2 W a = 0 R1(h1 h2) W a = 0 [Q R1 = R2] Substitute the value of R1 from equation (1), we have, and h1 h2 = C1O = 4a (r1 + r2 ) 4a 2
W 1 1 +r 2 ) 2a (r 4a(r1 +r2 ) 4a2

sin =

Consider the Equilibrium of Spheres Taking moments about centre C2, we get,
R1 W1 0 C1 C2

R2

4a(r1 + r2 ) 4a 2 W a = 0

W1[2a (r1 + r2)] = W a

W2 R3

W=

W1 [2a (r1 + r2 )] a

Figure (2)

This is the required equation to obtain the minimum weight of the cylinder to avoid the tip over.

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Engineering Mechanics (May-2012, Set-3) JNTU-Kakinada

Q3. (a) Determine the distance of the centre of gravity of a homogeneous truncated right circular cone from the plane of the base if the radius of the base is r1 the radius of the top r2 and the altitude of the truncated portion h. May-12, Set-3, Q3(a)
Y r2

S.33

Consider a differential element of thickness dx at a distance of x from top in a right circular cone as shown in figure (2). From Geometry, we have,
Y1 (r1 r2 ) = (i.e., OAB ) x h

Answer :

Y1 = (r1 r2) But, Y = r2 + Y1

x h

Y = r2 + (r1 r2)
h S

x h

Volume of element,

x dv = Y2dx = r2 + (r1 r2 ) dx h
r1 (r1 r2) Z X

Therefore, the total volume of the frustum is given by, V=

Figure (1) Consider a homogenous truncated right circular cone as shown in figure (1). For a right circular cone, let S be the slant height and r1, r2 be the base and top radii. From figure (1), S= V=

x r2 + (r1 r2 ) dx 0 . h
h

1 h( r12 + r1r2 + r22 ) 3

First moment about YZ axis, MYZ =

h 0

x.dV
2

(r1 r2 )2 + h 2
r2 o x S Y Y1 h

x r2 + (r1 r2 ) dx 0 x. h
h
h

x dx

2 = 0 x. r2 + ( r1 r2 ) h 2 + 2( r2 ) ( r1 r2 ) h dx 2

x2

3 h x2 2 x 2 = 0 x.r2 + ( r1 r2 ) 2 + 2r2 ( r1 r2 ) dx h h

2 x 2 (r1 r2 )2 x 4 r (r r ) x 3 . +2 2 1 2 = r2 . + 2 4 3 h h 2
h2 ( r1 r2 )2 2 2 .h 2 + r2 ( r1 r2 ).h2 = r2 . + 2 4 3

B r2 r1
Figure (2)

r1 r2

= h2

r22 1 2 2 2 2 + ( r1 + r2 2rr 1 2 ) + (r 2r 1 r 2 ) 3 2 4

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S.34
= MYZ =

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2012

h 2 6r22 + 3r12 + 3r22 6r1r2 + 8r2 r1 8r22 12

[(

)]

The mass of strip, PQ (i.e dm) =

h 2 2 r2 + 2r2 r1 + 3r12 12 Hence centroid,

[(

)] ) )

bY .dY. h

Total mass of plate, ABC = Y-coordinate of centroid,

1 bh = 2

dm
0

xc =

M YZ V

h 2 2 r2 + 2r2 r1 + 3r12 12 = 1 h r12 + 2r1r2 + r22 3

( (

Yc =

Ydm dm
h

Distance of centroid in x-direction is, xc = (b)

h r22 + 2r2 r1 + 3r12 4 r12 + 2r1r2 + r22

( (

) )

Y.

Determine the y-coordinate of the centroid of a uniform triangular lamina as shown in figure. .

h 3 b bY . dY . 3 h h = 1 1 bh bh 2 2

Yc =

2h 3

Figure Answer : May-12, Set-3, Q3(b) Let PQ be strip of width dy at a distance Y from A and be the density of triangular lamina.
y

Thus, centroid is located at a distance 2h/3 from A (top) and h/3 from base. Q4. (a) Calculate the area moment of inertia of a triangle with respect to its base. The base of the triangle is b and height is h. Answer : May-12, Set-3, Q4(a) For answer refer May-12, Set-1, Q4(a). (b) Determine the mass moment of inertia of a solid right circular cylinder of uniform density with respect to its centroidal diameter the radius of the cylinder is a and its length is h. Answer : May-12, Set-3, Q4(b) Consider an elemental strip of thickness dz at a distance of z from the centroidal x-axis.
z

A Y P h Q dy

h/2
B N b C x

dz Z x

Figure Thus, From geometry, we have,

AN Y = b PQ bY PQ = h

h/2

a z

(Q AN = h)

Figure

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Engineering Mechanics (May-2012, Set-3) JNTU-Kakinada

For the elemental strip, Moment of inertia, Answer :
H G F

S.35

45 kN

1 IZ = mR2 2
=
1 mdz mdz Q Mass of single strip, m = a2 h 4 h

7m

A RAH RAV B 4m 40 kN 4m C 4m 70 kN D 4m

E RE

According to parallel axis theorem, we have, dIxx = Iz + mz2

1 mdz mdz a2 + z2 dIxx = 4 h h

Figure (1) Taking the moments about E, we have, ME = 0 RAV 16 40 12 70 4 + 45 7 = 0 16 RAV = (40 12 + 70 4) (45 7) Also, H = 0, RAH = 45 kN V = 0, RAV + RE = 40 + 70 = 110 kN RE = 110 27.813 RE\ = 82.187 kN In order to determine forces in the members GF, CF and CD, divide the truss with a section (1) (1) as shown in figure (2) below,
(1) H G FGF F 45 kN
3

For the entire cylinder, Ixx =

+h/ 2 h/ 2

1 mdz 2 + h / 2 mdz 2 a + h / 2 z 4 h h

ma 2 + h/ 2 m + h/ 2 2 h/ 2 dz + h/ 2 z .dz = h 4h
ma 2 m z3 +h/ 2 [ z ] h/ 2 + = 4h h 3 h / 2
2 3
+h/ 2

RAV = 27.813 kN

ma h h m h h = 4h 2 + 2 + h 24 + 24
=

ma 2 mh 2 + 4 12

RAH

Q5.

Determine the forces in the members GF, CD and CF of the frame shown in figure using method of section.
H G F 45 kN

CF

7 A RAV

CF

m Ixx = (3a2 + h2) 12

60 .25 5

B 40 kN

C (1)

FCD

D 4 70 kN

E RE

Figure (2)
7m

From geometry, (i.e., triangle AHB)

A B 4m 40 kN 4m C 4m 70 kN D 4m E

tan =

7 4

Figure May-12, Set-3, Q5

7 = tan1 4

= 60.255

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S.36
Consider the right part of the section (1) (1).

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2012 Q6. (a) A particle of mass m slides down a frictionless chute and enters a loop-the loop of diameter d. What should be the height h at the start in order that the particle may make a complete circuit in the loop.

Let FGF, FCF and FCD be the tensile forces acting in the members GF, CF and CD respectively. Now, taking moments about point C. MC = 0 FGF 7 + RE 8 45 7 70 4 = 0 7 FGF = (45 7 + 70 4) (82.187 8)
62.496 FGF = = 8.928 kN 7

FGF = 8.928 kN (Compressive)

Consider the moments about D MD = 0, for forces acting on the right part of the section (1) (1). FGF 7 FCFcos 60.255 7 + 45 7 RE 4 = 0 8.920 7 FCF(cos 60.255 7 ) (4 82.187 + 45 7) FCF(cos 60.255 7 ) = 377.496 328.748

Figure Answer : May-12, Set-3, Q6(a) The free body diagram of the particle is as follow,

S h

48.748 FCF = = 14.036 7 cos (60.255)

N W (mg) h/sin

FCF = 14.036 kN ( Tensile )

FGF

45

Re

Figure (3) Taking moment about F for the forces acting on the right side of section (1) (1). MF = 0 FCD 7 RE 4 = 0 FCD =
82.187 4 = 46.964 kN 7

Figure (1) The equation of motion perpendicular and parallel to planes are, F = N mg cos = 0 ... (1) F'' = mg sin ma = 0 ... (2) mg sin = ma g sin = a ... (3) We know that, Kinematics equation is given as, ads = Vdv gsin ds = Vdv (Q From equation (3), a = g sin) Integrating both the sides,

CF

s 0

g sin ds = Vdv
V 0

g sin(S) =

V2 2 h Q S = sin from diagram

... (4)

g sin

FCD = 46.964 kN (Tensile)

h V2 = sin 2

V2 = 2gh

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Engineering Mechanics (May-2012, Set-3) JNTU-Kakinada

The above equation shows that the speed of the particle is independent of the slope and it is same as the particle is freely falling vertically down. The free-body diagram of the particle at the top of loop is given as below,

S.37

The above equation shows that, the minimum speed is obtained when the particle leaves the loop at this height. If the particle leaves beyond this height (i.e, h < 5d/4), it will jump across the loop without following the circular path at the top. (b) A flywheel of 600 mm diameter is brought uniformly from rest upto speed of 400 rpm in 15 seconds. Find the velocity and acceleration of a point on its rim 3 seconds after starting from rest. May-12, Set-3, Q6(b) d = 600 mm = 0.6 m r = d/2 = 0.3 m

NA

an d

mg

Answer : Given that,

Figure (2) Since, we consider only the minimum speed of the particle, the value of NA is taken as zero. The motion on a smooth path is equal to the vertical motion under the acceleration of gravity, which determines the speed at the top of the loop. When the particle is moving to the top of the loop, the speed decrease in amount equal to the loss in straight line vertical motion.

t = 15 sec 1 = 0 2 =
2 400 = 41.888 rad/sec 60

2 N = and N = 400 r.p.m given 60

Angular acceleration, =
41.888 0 2 1 = = 2.793 rad/s2 15 t

V22

V12

2gd

Where, V2 = Speed of particle moving at the top of loop V1 = Speed of particle in the vertical motion.

Velocity at a point on the rim 3 seconds after starting from rest is, = 0 + t Where, 0 = 0 = 2.793 rad/s2 and t = 3 sec = 0 + 2.793 3 = 8.379 rad/s Linear velocity, V = r + = 0.3 8.379 = 2.514 m/s Tangential acceleration is given as, at = .r = 2.793 0.3 = 0.838 m/s2 Normal acceleration is given as, an = r.2 = 0.3 (8.379)2 = 21.062 m/s2

V22 = 2gh 2gd

= 2g(h d) (From equation (4) V12 = 2gh)

Adding the forces along the vertical radius, we get, (Since NA = 0) Fn= mg =

mV22 d/2

mg =

m 2g (h d ) d/2

4mg (h d ) mg = d

mgd = 4mgh 4mgd

5mgd = 4mgh

h=

5d 4

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S.38
Resultant acceleration = =
2 at2 + a n

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2012 According to the law of conservation of angular momentum, equating equations (1) and (2), we get, (I0 + mr2)0 = I0 m(v r)r I0 m(v r)r (I0 + mr2)0 = 0 I0 mrv + mr2 (I0 + mr2)0 = 0 (I0 + mr2) mrv (I0 + mr2)0 = 0 (I0 + mr2)( 0) = mrv (I0 + mr2) = mrv [Q = 0] =

(0.838)2 + (21.062)2
2

= 21.079 m/s

Velocity and acceleration of a point on its rim after 3 seconds starting from rest is 2.514 m/s and 21.079 m/s2 Q7. (a) A horizontal turnable carries a gun at A and rotates with initial angular velocity 0 about its vertical geometric axis. Calculate the increment of angular velocity that the turnable will obtain if the gun fires a bullet of mass m with tangential muzzle velocity v.

(I

mrv
0

+ mr 2

A r

Therefore, the equation gives the increased angular velocity () of the turnable when the gun fires a bullet. We observe that the increment of angular velocity obtained by the turnable is independent of its initial angular velocity 0. (b) A flat car can roll without resistance along a horizontal track as shown in figure. Initially, the car together with a man of weight w is moving to the right with speed v. What increment in velocity will the car obtain if the man runs with speed u relative to the floor of the car and jumps off at the left.

Figure Answer : Let, I0 be the combined moment of inertia of the turnable and gun. Thus, the initial angular momentum of system with respect to the axis of rotation is given as, May-12, Set-3, Q7(a)

u W

W v

A m w r w
Answer :

V r
Figure May-12, Set-3, Q7(b) Consider the velocities to the right as positive velocities,

Figure (I0 + mr2)0 ... (1) Let be the angular velocity of the turnable when the gun fires a bullet of mass m. Therefore, the final momentum of the system = I0 m(v r)r ... (2)

The initial momentum of system =

W +w v ... (1) g

and final momentum of the car = Where, v = Initial speed of the car

W (v + v) g

... (2)

Where, (v r) is the absolute velocity of bullet to the right side.

v = Change in velocity (increment of velocity).

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Engineering Mechanics (May-2012, Set-3) JNTU-Kakinada

W Whereas, the final momentum of man in the car is = g (v + v u)
Since, the external forces acting on the system is zero, the law of conservation of momentum gives,

S.39

W +w W W v = (v + v) + (v + v u) g g g

W + w g v=

W g

v+

W g

v +

W g

v+

W g

W g

W + w W + w g g v = v+ W + w g v W + w g v=

W + w w g v g u

W + w w g v g u

W + w w g v g u = 0
(W + w)v wu = 0 v =
wu W +w wu gives the increment of velocity to the car. W +w

Therefore, the above equation v = Q8. (a)

A block B of weight 1000 N is to be moved by a force P acting on a weightless wedge shown in figure. If the coefficient of friction on all contact surfaces is 0.15, determine the value of force P.

A B 75
Figure Answer : Given that, Weight of block, B, WB = 1000 N Coefficient of friction, = 0.15 tan = tan = 0.15 Angle of friction, = tan1(0.15) = 8.531 May-12, Set-3, Q8(a)

300 N

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S.40
Free Body Diagrams of Blocks A and B Block: A
P

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2012 From FBD of Block B

R2 W = (Using sine rule) Sin Sin ( 72.938 )

A N2
Sin (8.531)

R2 = 1000 Sin (72.938 ) R2 = 1000 0.155 R2 = 155 N From FBD of Block A

N1 R1 F1 F2

R2

Figure (a): Force Triangle

(90 15) = 66.469

R2 P = Sin 66.469 ( ) Sin (32.062 )

(Using sine rule)

15 = 3 + 8.5 2. 0 31 62 + 8 .5

R1 P

P = R2

Sin ( 66.469 )

Sin (32.062 )

31

P = 155
R2 (90 ) =90 = 81.469 8.531

0.531 0.917

P = 155 0.579

Figure (b): FBD of Block (A) Block: B

F2 R2 N2 W = 1000 N

P = 89.745 N
(b) A square threaded screw jack of 70 mm mean diameter and 10 mm pitch is required to lift a load of 300 N. The coefficient of friction is 0.1. Determine the force to be applied at the end of a lever of 400 mm long. Also determine whether the jack is self-locking. May-12, Set-3, Q8(b)

F3 N3 R3

Answer : Given that,

Figure (a): Force Triangle

(90 8.531 = 72.938 R2 (90 + ) =98.531 R3 W=1000 N 8.531 8.531)

Mean diameter of square thread of a screw jack, d = 70 mm Pitch, P = 10 mm Load, W = 300 N Coefficient of friction, = 0.1 Friction angle, = tan1(0.1) = 5.711

Figure (b): FBD of Block (B)

Length of the lever arm, L = 400 mm

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Engineering Mechanics (May-2012, Set-3) JNTU-Kakinada

We know that, tan =
P d 10 = 0.045 70

S.41

= tan1(0.045) Helix angle, = 2.577 The force required to lift the load, P=
Wd tan( + ) 2L 300 70 tan(2.577 + 5.711) 2 400 300 70 (0.146) 2 400

= 3.833 N Therefore, force required at the end of a lever to lift the load, P = 3.833 N As the friction angle () is greater than the Helix angle (). Therefore, the jack is self locking.

WARNING : Xerox/Photocopying of this book is a CRIMINAL act. Anyone found guilty is LIABLE to face LEGAL proceedings.