Code No: RR311801 Set No.

1
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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n P
n
1. (a) If A1 , A2 , ........ An are n events then prove that P( ∩ Ai) ≥ P (Ai) −
i=1 i=1
(n − 1)
(b) Companies B1 , B2 , B3 produce 30%, 45%, 25% of the cars respectively. It is
known that 2%, 3%, 2% of these cars produced from B1 ,B2 , B3 are defective.
i. What is the probability that a car purchased is defective.
ii. If a car purchased is found to be defective what is the probability that
this car is produced by the company B . [6+10]
2. (a) A random variable X has the following distribution

X 1 2 3 4 8 9
P(x) K 3k 5k 7k 9k 11k
Determine
i. K
ii. mean
iii. p(x ≥ 3)
(b) Derive a recurrence relation of Binomial distribution and also find the mode
of Binomial distribution [8+8]
3. (a) Define Poisson distribution and find its variance and the mean.
(b) Find the mean and standard deviation of a normal distribution in which 7%
of items are under 35 and 89% are under 63. [8+8]
4. (a) A random sample of size 81 is taken from an infinite population having the
mean 65 and standard deviation 10. What is the probability that x will be
between 66 and 68?
(b) A lady stenographer claims that she can take dictation at the rate of 118 words
per minute. Can we reject her claim or the basis of 100 words as a standard
deviation of 15 words. [8+8]
5. (a) A lady stenographer claims that she can take dictation at the rate of 118
words per minute can we reject her claim on the basis of 100 trials in which
she demonstrates a mean of 116 words and a S.D of 15 words.
(b) In a large consignment of oranges a random sample of 64 oranges revealed
that 14 oranges were bad. If it reasonable to ensure that 20% of the oranges
are bad? [8+8]

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Code No: RR311801 Set No. 1
6. A die is thrown 60 times with the following results.

Face 1 2 3 4 5 6
Frequency 8 7 12 8 14 11

Test the goodness of fit at 5% level. [16]

7. (a) The following data pertain to the demand for a product ( in thousands of
units) and its price ( in cents) charged in five different market areas:
Price (x) 20 16 10 11 14
Demand 22 41 120 89 56
Fit a parabola of the form y = ao + a1 xto the above data
(b) Fit the model y =axb to the following data:
x: 1 2 3 4 5 6
y: 2.98 4.26 5.21 6.10 6.80 7.50 [8+8]

8. 10 observations on price x and supply y the following data was obtained.

X X X X X
x = 130, y = 220, x2 = 2288, y 2 = 5506and xy = 3467

Find

(a) coefficient of correlation

(b) The line of regression of y or x
(c) The standard error of estimate. [6+5+6]

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Code No: RR311801 Set No. 2
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) A Band C in order toss a coin. The first one to toss a head wins the game.
What are their probabilities of winning, assuming that the game may continue
indefinitely?
(b) State and prove Baye’s theorem. [8+8]
2. (a) Find the variance of the binomial distribution .
(b) Determine the probability distribution of the number of bad eggs in a basket
containing 6 eggs given that 10% of eggs are bad in a large consignment[8+8]
3. (a) Define Poisson distribution and find its variance and the mean.
(b) Find the mean and standard deviation of a normal distribution in which 7%
of items are under 35 and 89% are under 63. [8+8]
4. A population consists of 5,10,14,18,13,24 consider all possible samples of size two
which can be drawn without replacement from the population. Find
(a) The mean of the population.
(b) The standard deviation of the population.
(c) The mean of the sampling distribution of means
(d) The standard deviation of sampling distribution of means. [4X4]
5. (a) In a random sample of 125 cola drinkers, 68 said they prefer thums up to
pepsi. Test the null hypothesis p = .5 against the alternate hypothesis p>.5
(b) A random sample of 100 teachers in a large metropolitan area revealed a mean
weekly salary of Rs. 487 with a standard deviation Rs. 48. With what degree
of confidence can we assert that the average weekly salary of all teachers in
the metropolitan area is between 472 to 502? [8+8]
6. (a) The following data gives the fields of interest and attitude to religion:
Arts & Commerce Science & Engineering Total
Conformist 109 51 160
Non-Conformist 23 17
Total 132 68 200
Examine whether the field of interest and attitude to religion are associated.
(b) Assuming tht σ = 20.0, how large a random sample be taken to assert with
probability 0.95 that the sample mean will not differ from the true mean by
more than 3.0 points? [16]

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Code No: RR311801 Set No. 2
7. (a) Derive normal equations to fit a parabola y = a0 + a1 x + a2 x2
(b) Fit the curve y = aebx for the following data

x 1 5 7 9 12
y 10 15 12 15 21

[6+10]

8. Find the least sequences regression equation of x1 onx2 andx3 from the following
data.

X1 3 5 6 8 12 14
X2 16 10 7 4 3 2
X3 90 72 54 42 30 14
[16]

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Code No: RR311801 Set No. 3
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Out of 10 girls in a class , 3 have blue eyes. If 2 of the girls are chosen at
random, what is the probability that
i. both have blue eyes
ii. at least one has blue eyes
(b) Define conditional probability. Give an example. State the general multiplica-
tive rule and special multiplication rule ( when the events are independent)
[8+8]

2. (a) If F(x) is the distribution function of X given by

F (x) = 0 if x ≤ 1

= k(x − 1)4 if 1 < x ≤ 3

=1 if x > 3

determine
i. f(x)
ii. k
(b) Find the maximum n such that the probability of getting no head in tossing
a coin n times is greater than .1 [8+8]

3. (a) Seeds are packed in packets of 20. It is known that 5% do not germinate.
Determine the number of packets containing
i. at least 2
ii. at most 2 non germinating seeds in a consignment of 1000 packets.
(b) When the mean of marks was 50% and standard deviation 5% then 60% of
the students failed in mathematics examination. Determine the ‘grace’ marks
to be awarded in order to show that 70% of the students passed, assuming
that the marks are normally distributed. [8+8]

4. (a) Write about

i. Null hypothesis
ii. Alternate Hypothesis.

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Code No: RR311801 Set No. 3
(b) An ambulance service claims that it takes on the average less then 10 minutes
to reach its destination in emergency calls. A sample of 36 calls has a mean
of 11 minutes and the variance of 16 minutes.
Test the significance at .05 level. [8+8]

5. (a) In a study of an automobile insurance a random sample of 80 body repair

costs had a mean of Rs. 472.36 and a standard deviation of Rs 62.35. If x is
used as a point estimate to the true average repair costs, with what confidence
we can assert that the maximum error doesn’t exceed Rs. 10?
(b) A manufacturer of electric bulbs claims that the percentage defectives in his
product doesn’t exceed 6. A sample of 40 bulbs is found to contain 5 defectives.
Would you consider the claim justified? [8+8]

6. Test of the fidelity and the selectivity of 190 radio receivers produced the results
shown in the following table:

Fidility
Low Average HIgh
Low 6 12 32
Selectivity Average 33 61 18
High 13 15 0

[16]

7. (a) Derive normal equations to fit the parabola y = a0 + a1 x + a2 x2

(b) Fit the parabola y = a0 + a1 x + a2 x2 for the following data

X 0 1 2 3 4
Y 1 1.8 1.3 2.5 6.3

[6+10]

8. (a) obtain the rank correlation coefficient for the following data.

X 68 64 75 50 64 80 75 40 55 64
y 62 58 687 45 81 60 68 48 50 70

(b) If θ is the angle between

 2the
  two regression
 lines of y on x and x any, then
1−r σx σ y
prove that. tan θ = r σ2 +σ2
where r is the coefficient of correlation
x y

between x and y and σx2 and σy2 are variances of x and y . [10+6]

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Code No: RR311801 Set No. 4
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) If P(A) = a, P(B) =b, P(A ∩ B) = c, express the following interms of a, b,

and c
i. P(Ac ∩ B c )
ii. P(Ac ∩ B)
iii. P(Ac ∩ (A ∩ B)
iv. P[(AU(Ac ∩ B)]
(b) Box A contains nine cards numbered 1 to 9 and box B contains five cards
numbered 1 to 5. A box is chosen at random and a card is drawn, if the card
shows an even number another card is drawn from the same box, if the card
shows an odd number a card is drawn from the other box.
i. What is the probability that both cards show even numbers?
ii. If both cards show even numbers, what is the probability that they come
from box A.
iii. What is the probability that both cards show an odd number? [6+5+5]

2. (a) A fair coin is tossed until a head or five tails occurs. Find the expected number
of tosses of the coin.
(b) Derive the mean and variance of the Binomial distribution. [8+8]

3. (a) Prove that Poisson distribution is the limiting case of binomial distribution
for very large number of trials with very small probability.
(b) Assume that the reduction of a persons oxygen consumption during a period
of transcendental meditation ( TM) is a continuous random variable X with
mean 37.6 cc/mt and standard deviation 4.6 cc/mt. Determine the probability
that during a period of TM a persons oxygen consumption will be reduced by
i. at lest 44.5 cc/mt
ii. at most 35.0 cc/mt [8+8]

4. (a) Sample of size 2 are taken from the population 1,2,3,4,5,6, without replacement
Find
i. The mean of the population.
ii. The standard deviation of the population.
iii. The mean of sampling distribution of means.
iv. The standard deviation of sampling distribution of means.

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Code No: RR311801 Set No. 4
(b) In 64 randomly selected hours of production the mean and the standard devi-
ation of the number of acceptance pieces produced by an automatic stamping
machine are x = 1.038 and the standard deviation σ = .146. At the .05 level
of significance test the hypothesis if µ =1.000. [10+6]

5. (a) A random sample of 400 items is found to have a mean of 82 and S.D of 18.
Find 95% confidence interval for the mean.
(b) A coin is tossed 960 times. Head turned up 183 times. Find whether the coin
is unbiased.
(c) It was found that the average income of 36 workers is 12,000 per annum was
it taken from a population whose mean is Rs. 11,800/- per annum and S.D is
800? [5+5+6]

6. Measurements of the fat content of two kinds of ice creams Brand A and brand B
yielded the following sample data.

Brand A 13.5 14.0 13.6 12.9 13.0

Brand B 12.9 13.0 12.4 13.5 12.7

Test the significant between the means at .05 level. [16]

7. (a) Derive normal equations to fit a parabola y = a0 + a1 x + a2 x2

(b) Fit the curve y = aebx for the following data

x 1 5 7 9 12
y 10 15 12 15 21

[6+10]

8. (a) The following table gives experimental values of the three variates X,Y and Z.
Fit a multiple regression of the type Z = α X + βY.
X 1 2 3 5
Y 1 3 4 2
Z 7 18 25 23
(b) The following are the marks obtained by 12 students in Economics and Sta-
tistics:
Economics(x) 78 56 36 66 25 75 82 62
Statistics(y) 84 44 51 58 60 68 62 58
Compute the Spearman rank correlation coefficient between x and y [8+8]

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