HLT 230-40

Lesson Fourteen
Dr. William Moore

Jessica Minton December 14, 2013

Lesson Fourteen
1. De ine! Fetus " # bab$ in t%e &omb rom t%e ei'%t% &ee( o )re'nanc$ until birt%. *ro&t% " # )rocess c%aracteri+e, b$ increases in cell number an, si+e. De-elo)ment " .rocesses in-ol-e, in en%ancin' unctional ca)abilities.

2. /ritical )erio,s o 'ro&t% an, ,e-elo)ment o t%e etus are inter-als o time ,urin' &%ic% cells o a tissue or or'an are 'eneticall$ )ro'ramme, to multi)l$. T%ese are calle, critical )erio,s because i t%e cells ,o not multi)l$ as )ro'ramme, t%e$ cannot ma(e u) t%e ,e icienc$ later. 3. T%e etus is not a )arasite because it recei-es an, a,e0uate su))l$ o nutrients onl$ i t%e mot%er1s inta(e is su icient to maintain %er o&n %ealt%. 4. # normal amount o &ei'%t 'ain ,urin' a )re'nanc$ is ,e)en,ant on i t%e &oman &as un,er&ei'%t, normal &ei'%t, or obese be ore t%e )re'nanc$. 2 a &oman &as un,er&ei'%t t%en s%e s%oul, 'ain 23 to 40 )oun,s, normal &ei'%t &omen s%oul, 'ain 25 to 35 )oun,s, an, o-er &ei'%t &omen s%oul, 'ain 15 to 25 )oun,s, &%ile obese &omen s%oul, 'ain at least 15 )oun,s. 5. T%e &ei'%t 'aine, ,urin' a )re'nanc$ 'oes to t%e breasts, etus, )lacenta, amniotic lui,, uterus, at stores, bloo,, an, ot%er lui,. # ter )re'nanc$ a &oman usuall$ looses 15 )oun,s &it%in t%e irst &ee( a ter ,eli-er$ an, &ei'%t loss 'enerall$ continues or u) to a $ear a ter t%at, but &omen &%o 'ain more t%an t%e recommen,e, &ei'%t %a-e a %ar,er time loosin' t%e 4bab$ &ei'%t5. 6. Discuss t%e nee,s o t%e ollo&in' nutrients ,urin' )re'nanc$! /alories " 7n a-era'e a &oman nee,s an a,,itional 340 calories a ,a$ ,urin' t%e secon, trimester an, 450 calories in t%e t%ir, trimester. Foliate " 2t is re0uire, or )rotein tissue construction, an, a ,e icienc$ %as been associate, &it% etal 'ro&t% ailure an, mal ormations an, to neural tube ,e ects.

8itamin 9-6 " Has been (no&n to %el) &it% bab$1s brain an, neural ,e-elo)ment an, &it% mornin' sic(ness. 8itamin # " 9ot% lo& an, %i'% inta(es o -itamin # ma$ cause )roblems, too little is associate, &it% )oor etal 'ro&t%, &%ile too muc% is lin(e, to etal mal ormations. /alcium " 2t su))orts t%e minerali+ation o bones in t%e etus, i not su))lie, b$ t%e ,iet t%en it is ta(en rom t%e mot%er1s lon' bones. 2ron " 2t is t%e most common nutrient ,e icienc$ in )re'nant &omen. 2ron is re0uire, because o increases ,urin' )re'nanc$ or %emo'lobin )ro,uction an, stora'e o iron b$ t%e etus. :inc - ;our bo,$ nee,s +inc or t%e )ro,uction, re)air, an, unctionin' o D<#, our 'enetic ma) an, a basic buil,in' bloc( o cells, so 'ettin' enou'% is )articularl$ im)ortant or t%e ra)i, cell 'ro&t% t%at occurs ,urin' )re'nanc$.

=. # 'oo, ,iet or )re'nanc$ )ro-i,es all t%e nutrients s%e nee,s &it% t%e )ossible e>ce)tion o iron. Foo,s are recommen,e, o-er su))lements because oo,s )ro-i,e iber, antio>i,ants an, ot%er bene icial substances su))lements ,o not. 2t s%oul, %a-e su icient lui,s, re'ular means an, sna(es, no alco%ol an, little ca eine. 3. T%e merits o breast ee,in' are man$. 9reast mil( rom a %ealt%$ &ell nouris%e, &oman is i,eall$ suite, or in ant nutrition an, %ealt%. 2t contains substances t%at %el) )rotect a'ainst a -ariet$ o illnesses, an, contains essential an, nonessential ats an, ot%er substances t%at a))ear to )romote o)timal 'ro&t% an, ,e-elo)ment o t%e bab$. ?. # 'oo, ,iet or breast ee,in' &omen is one t%at re)lenis%es %er bo,$1s nutrient stores, maintains %er %ealt%, an, %el)s to )ro,uce su icient mil( or %er bab$. # breast ee,in' &oman nee,s 15@ more calories t%an ot%er &omen. A%e also %as %i'%er re0uirements o DH#. 10.Aome in ant ee,in' recommen,ations are! B>clusi-e breast ee,in' or t%e irst si> mont%s o li e an, continuation o breast ee,in' t%rou'% t%e irst $ear o li e are )re erre,. 2ntro,uce soli, oo,s aroun, si> mont%s. #n in ant1s irst oo, s%oul, be iron orti ie,. # ter si> mont%s o er a -ariet$ o %ealt% oo,s a))ro)riate or bab$.

Cee) tr$in' ne& oo,s. 2n ants s%oul, be e, on ,eman, an, not on a sc%e,ule. 9reast e, in ants recei-in' little sun s%oul, be 'i-en a -itamin D su))lement. 2n ants not recei-in' luori,ate, &ater s%oul, be 'i-en luori,e ,ro)s.

11.T%e c%aracteristics o 'ro&t% rom birt% to 16 $ears o a'e are! First mont%*enerall$ &ei'%ts 3 to 11 )oun,s len't% is 20 to 23 inc%es. Hea, is relati-el$ lar'e an, %as a so t s)ot on to). Atartles an, snee+es easil$. Ja& ma$ tremble. Ma$ %iccu) an, s)it u). Bats e-er$ e& %ours. 7ne to t%ree mont%s-Li ts %ea, brie l$ &%en )lace, on stomac%, smiles, coos, an, 'ur'les. W%ole bo,$ mo-es &%en in ant is touc%e, or li te,. Bats e-er$ t%ree to our %ours. Four to si> mont%s-Wei'%t nearl$ ,ouble,. Has 'ro&n t%ree to our inc%es. Follo&s obDects &it% e$es. Eeac%es to&ar, obDects &it% bot% %an,s, )uts in'ers an, obDects into mout%. Turns o-er, sits unassiste,. #&a(e lon'er at ee,in' time. Bats si> to se-en times )er ,a$. Alee)s si> to se-en %ours at ni'%t. Ae-en to ele-en mont%s-*ains in &ei'%t an, %ei'%t are less ra)i,, a))etite %as ,ecrease,. Atan,s u) &it% %el), %itc%es sel alon' t%e loor. Eeac%es or, 'ras)s, an, e>amines obDects &it% %an,s, e$es, an, mout%. Ha-e one or t&o teet%. Ta(es t&o na)s a ,a$. T&el-e mont%susuall$ %as tri)le, birt% &ei'%t an, increase, len't% b$ 50@. *ras)s an, releases obDects &it% in'ers. Hol,s s)oon, but uses it )oorl$. 9e'ins to &al( unassiste,. 7ne to t&o $ears-*ains in %ei'%t an, &ei'%t continue at a lo&er rate, a))etite is less. Fses in'er an, t%umb to )ic( u) t%in's. Ao t s)ot 'ro&s smaller an, t%en ,isa))ears. 9ab$ teet% continue to a))ear. Fsuall$ ta(es one lon' na) a ,a$. Drin(s rom a cu), attem)ts to ee, sel &it% a s)oon. Li(es to eat &it% %an,s. .ulls sel u) to stan,in' )osition. Wal(s alone. T&o to t%ree $ears-Alo&er an, more irre'ular 'ains in %ei'%t an, &ei'%t. Ha-e all 20 teet%. Euns an, climbs, )us%es, )ulls, lu's, &al(s u)stairs one ste) at a time. Fee,s sel usin' in'ers, s)oon, an, cu), s)ills a lot. #t times %as one a-orite oo,. #ssociates t%e sensation o %un'er &it% a nee, or oo,. T%ree to our $ears-*ains our to si> )oun,s an, 'ro& about t&o to t%ree inc%es. Fee,s sel an, ,rin(s rom a cu) 0uite neatl$, carries t%ins &it%out s)illin'. Ma$ 'i-e u) slee) at na) time, substitutin' 0uiet )la$. Four to i-e $ears-*ains in %ei'%t an, &ei'%t about same as )re-ious $ear. Ho)s an, s(i)s, t%ro&s ball. Ha-e increasin'l$ 'oo, coor,ination, master1s buttons an, s%oelaces. /an use (ni e an, or( an, is a 'oo, sel ee,er. Fi-e to si> $ears-*ro&t% continues at about t%e same rate. Le's len't%en. Ai> $ear )ermanent molars usuall$ a))ear. 9e'ins to lose ront bab$ teet%. .re ers )lain, blan,, an, unmi>e, oo,s. Ai> to nine $ears-Alo& 'ains in %ei'%t an, &ei'%t. Aome a,,itional )ermanent teet% a))ear. Li(el$ to %a-e t%e c%il,%oo, communicable ,iseases. Alee)s ele-en to t%irteen %ours. <ine

to t&el-e $ears-ma$ be lon' le''e, an, ran'$, but %ealt% is 'enerall$ stur,$. .ermanent teet% continue to a))ear. #))etite 'oo,. <ee,s about ten %ours see). *ro&t% s)urt in 'irls usuall$ be'ins. Ma$ 'et -er$ irritable &%en %un'r$. T&el-e to ourteen $ears-Wi,e ,i erences in %ei'%t an, &ei'%t in c%il,ren o eit%er se> o same a'e. Menstruation usuall$ be'ins. *irls ,e-elo) breasts, are usuall$ taller an, %ea-ier t%an bo$s o t%e same a'e. *ro&t% s)urt o bo$s be'ins. Muscle 'ro&t% ra)i,. #))etite increases. Li(es to s)en, time &it% rien,s. Fourteen to si>teen $ears-9o$s are in a )erio, o 'ro&t% s)urt. 8oice ,ee)ens. *irls %a-e usuall$ ac%ie-e, ma>imum 'ro&t%. Menstruation is establis%e, t%ou'% ma$ still be irre'ular. Bnormous a))etite. .im)les a common )roblem. Alee) reac%es its a,ult )attern. #ll )ermanent teet% e>ce)t &is,om teet%. 12.T%e a,olescent 'ro&t% s)urt usuall$ %a))ens in 'irls bet&een nine to t&el-e an, %a))ens &it% bo$s rom t&el-e to ourteen. # c%il, be'ins to obtain t%eir a,ult %ei'%t ,urin' t%is s)urt. 13.Foo, )re erences ,e-elo) b$ t%e en-ironment in &%ic% c%il,ren learn about oo,. W%ic% oo,s are o ere,, t%e$ &a$ t%e$ are o ere,, an, %o& re0uentl$ t%e$ are o ere, in luence &%et%er a c%il, &ill li(e a 'i-en oo,. 14.# 'oo, ,iet or c%il,ren an, a,olescents contains 'rains, -e'etables, ruits, mil(, meat an, beans, an, oil. 15.T%e a'in' )rocess is normal an, not a ,isease. T%e inci,ence o man$ ,isease increases &it% a'e an, a'in' can not be )re-ente,. 16.T%e a'e &a-e is t%e )ro)ortion o )eo)le a'e, si>t$- i-e or ol,er. 1=.T%e 'ains in li e e>)ectanc$ are cause, b$ ,ecrease, in ant ,eat%s an, ,eat%s rom in ectious ,isease, im)ro-e, nutrition, an, me,ical a,-ances. 13.T%e c%aracteristics o a,ults an, ol,er )eo)le &%o e>)erience lo& ,isease rates an, increase, lon'e-it$ are re'ular consum)tion o -e'etables an, ruits, abo-e a-era'e inta(e o &%ole 'rain )ro,ucts, lo&er consum)tions o saturate, ats, alco%ol in mo,eration, an, eatin' brea( ast. 1?.<utritional nee,s or ol,er a,ults usuall$ ,ecline &it% a'e. W%ile caloric nee,s ,ecrease certain re0uirements suc% as )rotein, -itamin /, -itamin D, -itamin 912, an, calcium ma$ increase. For some reason as &e 'et ol,er &e 'et less t%irst$ &%en &e nee, &ater, so ol,er in,i-i,uals nee, to ,rin( bet&een ele-en to i teen cu)s o lui,. 20.W%ile taste sensiti-it$ ,oes ,iminis% some&%at &it% a'e, $our a-orite oo,s &ill taste as 'oo, to $ou in $our ol,er $ears as t%e$ ,o &%en $ou are $oun'.

21.7ne o t%e most im)ortant t%in's 2 %a-e learne, in t%is class is oo, is not as sim)le as it seems. 2t a ects e-er$ inc% o $ou rom $our mental %ealt% to $our c%ances o cancer. 22.2 &as sur)rise, to learn t%at $ou coul, actuall$ ,rin( enou'% &ater to become sic( or e-en (ill $oursel .