Nutrition I

The Doctor is In
Overview:
Vitamin deficiencies can happen at different stages of life. It isnt always when youre young, or even old. Pregnant women are at risk for some things and not others. The students are going to be either a patient or a doctor. The patients will move from one group of doctors to the next. The doctors will need to diagnose the patients and tell them what treatment (which vitamins to take) will be for their deficiency.

10-12 Grade 60 min

Teaching Materials
Needed Items Each patient needs to have a scenario given to them. They can either be a deficiency or a toxicity. They also need to know their symptoms.

Standards/Objectives:
Standard 6 Objective 1: Identify vitamins, their food sources, functions and deficiencies in the body. Cognitive Domain, Level 4: Analysis The students will analyze each others symptoms and diagnose their toxicity or deficiency.

Other Resources/Technology
Materials

Introduction/Set Induction (7):

We are all going to be doctors today; a few of us even will be patients. Some of us will have to be treated for toxicity, and others of us will be treated for a deficiency. The doctors will need to ask questions to the patients and find out their symptoms. This will help the doctors diagnose their patients. The doctors are on a team and are able to discuss with each other to diagnose. Once the doctors have diagnosed them, they need to tell the patient what their treatment is. What food sources will be beneficial for them to eat, or what do they need to stop supplementing with?

Transition (3):
Assign the students to be either doctors or patients. Pick 6 or 7 vitamins or minerals to use for the first time. Rotate and let the other students be a patient, again not all will be able to role play being a patient.

The Doctor Is In

Lesson Body (time): (Content/Teaching Methods)

Role-Play: PHASE 1: Warm Up the Group (2): It is possible to get a vitamin deficiency or toxicity. This can be life threatening and very serious. It is important that the patient be diagnosed so that they can be treated. The doctors will hear their symptoms and ask questions to the patients. PHASE 2: Select Participants (2): Each one of you will be either a doctor or a patient. The doctors will be grouped together and the patients will rotate to different doctors and be diagnosed. The patients will each have a different deficiency/toxicity that needs to be diagnosed. Select role players. PHASE 3: Set the Stage (2): 3 doctors to 1 patient. The patients will rotate to the different doctor offices. Assign each student accordingly. PHASE 4: Prepare the Observers (3): Where the class entire class will be participating, the observers will be the different doctors as the others are asking questions. There are 13 vitamins and minerals that I have chosen to focus on. There will not be enough students to be able to do them all at once. At one time you could do 6 and then 7 after you rotate roles. Not everyone will be able to be a patient but everyone will be able t o have the role of doctor. PHASE 5: Enact (45): Begin role-play. Maintain role-play. Break role-play. PHASE 6: Discuss and Evaluate (4): What did you diagnose your patient with? Did they have a deficiency or toxicity? Review action of role-play (events, positions, realism). Were you able to educate your patients about how they should proceed with treatment? Discuss major focus. Develop next enactment.

Transition (1 min):
Have the students go home from their offices and back to their desks.

Summary/Closure (2):
Granted your classmates were acting as patients, did you see just what can happen when you supplement with either too much vitamins or minerals.

Assessment/Evaluation:
Was each patient properly diagnosed? Were they each instructed on the proper way to proceed with treatment?

The Doctor Is In

Vitamin A Deficiency: blindness, stunt growth. Toxicity: loss of appetite, blurred vision, abdominal pain, hair loss, joint pain. Food Source: liver, yellow fruits and veggies, sweet potato

Vitamin D Deficiency: Rickets, weak bones Toxicity: appetite loss, nausea, vomiting, kidney damage Food Source: milk and milk products, sun

Vitamin C Deficiency: scurvy, breakdown of collagen Toxicity: kidney stones, interferes with vitamin E Food Source: citrus fruits, strawberries, OJ

Vitamin K Deficiency: hemorrhaging Toxicity: jaundice, breakage of red blood cells Food Source: green leafy vegetables, liver

Folate Deficiency: neural tube defects, anemia, diarrhea Toxicity: masks B12 deficiency Food Source: leafy green veggies, legumes, seeds

B6: Deficiency: Anemia, irritable, abnormal brain waves Toxicity: depression, fatigue, impaired memory Food Source: green leafy vegetables, animal protein

Calcium Deficiency: osteoporosis Toxicity: kidney stones Food Source: dairy, dark green leafy vegetables

Phosphorus Deficiency: Osteoporosis Toxicity: can prevent calcium from working Food Source: dairy, grains, meat

Sodium Deficiency: muscle cramps Toxicity: high blood pressure Food Source: salt, packaged foods

Iron Deficiency: anemia, paleness, weakness Toxicity: heart disease, elevated LDLs Food Source: red meat, dark green vegetables

The Doctor Is In

Iodine Deficiency: Goiter Toxicity: thyroid gland stops working Food Source: salt, fish, some dairy

Potassium Deficiency: irregular heartbeat, loss of appetite Toxicity: slowing of heart beat Food Source: fruits, meat, poultry, fish, beans, dairy

Fluorine Deficiency: tooth decay Toxicity: stain teeth during development Food Source: toothpaste, fluoridated water

The Doctor Is In