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Charles J. Carter, S.E., P.E. Director of Engineering and Continuing Education American Institute of Steel Construction, Chicago, IL, USA Nestor R. Iwankiw, P.E. Vice President of Engineering and Research American Institute of Steel Construction, Chicago, IL, USA
ABSTRACT Many new specifications and codes have been introduced in the United States in the past few years. This paper provides a summary of recent changes in the current specifications and codes that are applicable in steel building design and construction. INTRODUCTION Many new specifications and codes have been introduced in the United States in the past few years. Following is a summary of the current specifications and codes that are applicable in steel building design and construction: 1999 AISC Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification for Structural Steel Buildings (1) 1997 AISC Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings (2) with 2000 AISC Seismic Provisions Supplement No. 2 (3) (note: this supplement replaced 1999 AISC Seismic Provisions Supplement No. 1 (4) in its entirety) 1997 AISC Specification for the Design of Steel Hollow Structural Sections (5) 1993 AISC Specification for Load and Resistance Factor Design of SingleAngle Members (6) 2000 AWS D1.1 Structural Welding Code Steel (7) 2000 RCSC Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A325 or A490 Bolts (8) Changes have been made in most of these specifications and codes that affect the design and/or construction of connections. Following is a summary of the changes that have been made in each of these specifications and a more detailed look at a few of the more important ones in the 2000 RCSC Specification. The connection requirements for seismic design are still being developed as a part of the 1997 AISC Seismic Provisions and 2000 Supplement No. 2. Additionally, at the time of writing this paper, the SAC Joint Venture is finalizing the Guidelines documents that will be published by the Federal Emergency management Agency (FEMA). The reader is referred to those sources
for information on changes in connection design and construction requirements for seismic design. It has been assumed in the writing of this paper that the reader will have a copy of the above specifications and codes for reference. GENERAL SUMMARY OF CHANGES The following major changes have been made in requirements for the design and construction of welded joints: Limitations on effective length of fillet welds have been clarified and revised. The new provisions focus the applicability of the limitation to end-loaded fillet welds and provide a straightforward means to calculate the effective length as a function of the actual length and the weld size. The requirements for fillet weld terminations in Section J2.2b of the 1999 AISC LRFD Specification have been revised and clarified. Notch-toughness requirements have been added in Section J2.6 of the 1999 AISC LRFD Specification. Filler metal with a specified minimum Charpy V-notch (CVN) toughness of 20 ft-lbs at 40 degrees F is required for: Complete-joint-penetration groove welded T- and corner joints subject to tension normal to the effective area when backing bars are to be left in place (exception: a lesser CVN rating is permitted if the joint is treated as a partial-joint-penetration groove weld) Complete-joint-penetration groove welded splices subject to tension normal to the effective area in Group 4 and 5 shapes and built-up shapes with plates more than 2 in. thick. A more detailed listing of other major changes in the 2000 edition of AWS D1.1 can be found in the Foreword to that document. Additionally, a system of underlining and/or vertical line marking in the margin has been used throughout the 2000 edition of AWS D1.1 to indicate specific changes that have been made. The following major changes have been made in requirements for the design and construction of bolted joints: New provisions have been added in the 1999 AISC LRFD Specification and 2000 RCSC Specification allowing the use of snug-tightened ASTM A325 bolts in applications involving static tensile loading. Provisions covering the design of bolts in combined shear and tension in Section J3.7 and Appendix J3.7 in the 1999 AISC LRFD Specification and Section 5.2 in the 2000 RCSC Specification have been revised. Slip-critical joint design provisions have been swapped in Section J3.8/J3.9 and Appendix J3.8/J3.9 in the 1999 AISC LRFD Specification. Bearing strength calculations in Section J3.10 of the 1999 AISC LRFD Specification and Section 5.3 of the 2000 RCSC Specification have been modified to a clear-distance basis. As has been the case before, it is occasionally indicated in the 2000 RCSC Specification that information is required to be shown on the design drawings or in other contract documents. Similarly, it is indicated in the 2000 RCSC Specification when the approval of the Engineer of Record is required for some aspect of a bolted joint. As a convenience to the user, a summary of the drawing information and approvals required from the Engineer of