Node

B
RNC
MSC
OMC
RNC
SM-SC
VLR
EIR
Billing
Center
GMSC
- SMS
G/IW
MSC
MSC
AUC
ISDN
PSTN
IN
Node
B
Other
PLMN
CGF
X.25 Internet X.25 Internet X.25 Internet
GGSN
SGSN
SGSN
CAMEL
BTS
BTS
Node
B
RF
LAPDm
RR
CM/
MM
RLC/MAC
LLC
SM/
GMM
SMS
SNDCP
IP/X.25
MTP 1
MTP 2
MTP 3
SCCP
TCAP
MAP
MTP 1
MTP 2
MTP 3
SCCP
BSSAP+
UDP
IP/X.25
Subnetwork
IP
TCP
GTP
IP/X.25
Subnetwork
MTP 1
MTP 2
MTP 3
SCCP
TCAP
CAP
MTP 1
MTP 2
MTP 3
SCCP
TCAP
MAP
RF
LAPDm
RR
CM/
MM
IP/X.25
ATM
Voice/UDI
codecs
L1
AAL-2
UP FP
RLC/MAC
IP/X.25
PDCP BMC
SM/
GMM
AAL-5
NBAP
RRC
SSCOP
ATM
SSCF-UNI
CM/
MM
L1
AAL-2
UP FP
RLC/MAC
STC
Q.AAL-2
ALCAP
AAL-5
SSCOP
ATM
SSCF-UNI
L1
-
ATM
GTP-U
UDP
IP/X.25
L1
AAL-5
IP
TCP
Iu UP
M3UA MTP3-b
IP
ATM
SCCP
SCTP
SM/GMM
L1
AAL-5
SSCOP
SSCF-UNI
RANAP
BMC
RF
RLC/MAC
Voice/UDI
codecs PDCP
IP/X.25
RF
RLC/MAC
RRC
CM/
MM
SM/
GMM
BMC PDCP
IP/X.25
ATM
Voice/UDI
codecs
L1
AAL-2
UP FP
RLC/MAC
MTP3-b
STC
Q.AAL-2
ALCAP
AAL-5
SSCOP
ATM
SSCF-NNI
L1
SM/
GMM
M3UA
RNSAP CM/
MM SCCP
SCTP
IP
AAL-5
MTP3-b RRC
SSCOP
ATM
SSCF-NNI
L1
AAL-2
UP FP
RLC/MAC
ATM
Voice/UDI
codecs
L1
AAL-2
IU FP
STC
Q.AAL-2
ALCAP
AAL-5
SSCOP
ATM
SSCF-UNI
L1
M3UA MTP3-b
IP
ATM
SCCP
SCTP
CM/MM
L1
AAL-5
SSCOP
SSCF-UNI
RANAP
L1
L1
FR
NS
BSSGP
SMS
IP/X.25
SNDCP
SM/
GMM
LLC
L1
LAPD
BTSM
L
2
M
CM/
MM
GPRS L2
LLC
SM/
GMM
SMS
SNDCP
IP/X.25
RLC/MAC
RR
O
&
M
ISUP
INAP
TCAP
MTP 1
MTP 2
SCCP
T
U
P
MTP 3
CM/MM
B
S
S
O
M
A
P
MTP 1
MTP 2
MTP 3
SCCP
Distribution
BSSMAP
to the Billing
Center
GGSN
BSC
PCU
BTS
HLR
X.25
Gn
Gi
Abis
A
F,Gf
Gb
Gr,Gf
H
B C,Gr
Gd
Gp
Iu-cs
Iub
Iur
Uu
D
Gc
Um
E
Gn
Gn
Iu-ps
Transport Network
Control Plane
Abis
E
E
Gs
E
B,C,F
Gr,Gf
B,C,F B,C,F
X.25
Ga
User
Plane
User
Plane
Radio Network
Control Plane
Iub
Iub
User
Plane
Radio Network
Control Plane
Transport Network
Control Plane
User
Plane
Radio Network
Control Plane
Radio Network
Control Plane
User
Plane
Um
Uu
Uu
Transport Network
Control Plane
ISUP
MAP
TCAP
MTP 1
MTP 2
SCCP
T
U
P
MTP 3
X.25
Iu-ps
Radio Network
Control Plane
Iu-cs
Mobile Networks : from 2G to 3G
SQUARETEK
Squaretek is a consulting company specialized in telecommunication networking and protocols. Squaretek provides consulting
and development services including: assistance to protocol stacks design and implementation, protocols debugging using most
common monitoring and protocol analysis tools, functional and load testing of network elements, development of state machine-
based testing scenarios, and QoS evaluation and optimization of mobile networks (GSM/GPRS/EDGE/3G) from the Air
interface tothe core network.
Squareteks engineers have a strong experience in the field and references with the major telecom switching and testing
equipment manufacturers inthe USandEurope.
For further informationabout our services, please contact us at :
Tel. +216 7186 9676 Fax. +216 71869001E-mail : services@squaretek.com
Data and signalling link PDH/SDH backbone
Signalling link FR backbone
Links IP backbone
Protocols relayed transparently SS7backbone
CN application parts ATM backbone
UTRAN application parts Transport networks
BSS application parts CN registers
Access and transport protocols BSS elements
User signalling protocols UTRAN elements
User data protocols CN elements
Protocol stacks Mobile network elements
Legend
7
Glossary
Session Management
Short Message Service
Short Message - Service Center
Subnetwork Dependent Convergence Protocol
Signalling System n7
Service-Specific Coordination Function
Service-Specific Connection-Oriented Protocol
Signalling Transport Converter
Transaction Capability Application Part
Transmission Control Protocol
Telephone User Part
Unrestricted Digital
User Datagram Protocol
User Equipment
Universal Mobile Terrestrial System
User Plane Frame Protocol
UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network
Visitor Location Register
SM...............
SMS.............
SM-SC.........
SNDCP........
SS7..............
SSCF...........
SSCOP........
STC..............
TCAP...........
TCP..............
TUP..............
UDI...............
UDP.............
UE................
UMTS...........
UP FP..........
UTRAN........
VLR..............
Mobile services Switching Center
Message Transfer Part
Node B Application Part
Network Service
Operating and Maintenance
O&M Center
Packet Control Unit
Packet Data Convergence Protocol
Public Land Mobile Network
Public Switched Telephone Network
Radio Access Network Application Part
Radio Frequency
Radio Link Control / Medium Access Control
Radio Network Controller
Radio Network Subsystem Application Part
Radio Resource
Radio Resource Control
Signalling Connection Control Part
Stream Control Transmission Protocol
Serving GPRS Support Node
MSC............
MTP............
NBAP..........
NS...............
O&M............
OMC............
PCU............
PDCP..........
PLMN..........
PSTN..........
RANAP........
RF...............
RLC/MAC....
RNC............
RNSAP........
RR...............
RRC............
SCCP..........
SCTP..........
SGSN..........
GPRS MM
Gateway MSC
General Packet Radio Service
Global System for Mobile communication
GPRS Tunneling Protocol
Home Location Register
Intelligent Network
IN Application Part
Internet Protocol
Integrated Services Digital Network
ISDN User Part
Iu User Plane protocol
Layer 2 Management
Link Access Protocol D
LAPD mobile
Link Layer Control
MTP3 User Application
Mobile Application Part
Mobility Management
Mobile Station
GMM...........
GMSC.........
GPRS..........
GSM............
GTP.............
HLR.............
IN.................
INAP............
IP.................
ISDN............
ISUP............
Iu UP...........
L2M.............
LAPD...........
LAPDm........
LLC..............
M3UA..........
MAP............
MM..............
MS...............
ATM Adaptation Layer
Asynchronous Transport Mode
Authentication Center
Broadcast/Multicast Control
Base Station Controller
Base Station Subsystem Application Part
Base Station Subsystem GPRS Protocol
Base Station Subsystem Management Application Part
Base Station Subsystem Operating & Maintenance Part
Base Transceiver Station
Base Transceiver Station Management
Customized Application for Mobile network Enhanced Logic
CAMEL Application Part
Charging Gateway Function
Connection Management
Core Network
Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution
Equipment Identity Register
Frame Relay
Gateway GPRS Support Node
AAL...............
ATM..............
AUC..............
BMC..............
BSC..............
BSSAP..........
BSSGP.........
BSSMAP.......
BSSOMAP....
BTS...............
BTSM............
CAMEL.........
CAP..............
CGF..............
CM................
CN................
EDGE...........
EIR................
FR.................
GGSN...........
UE GSM/GPRS/
EDGE MS
GSM MS