Opnav Instruction 5100.27b

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY
OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONS

2000 NAVY PENTAGON
WASHINGTON, DC 20350-2000
AND
HEADQUARTERS UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS

3000 MARINE CORPS PENTAGON
WASHINGTON, DC 20350-3000
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
CNO(N09F)/CMC(SD)
2 May 2008
OPNAV INSTRUCTION 5100.27B
MARINE CORPS ORDER 5104.1C
From: Chief of Naval Operations

Commandant of the Marine Corps
Subj: NAVY LASER HAZARDS CONTROL PROGRAM
Ref: (a) 21 CFR 1040, Performance Standard for Light Emitting

Products
(b) ANSI Z136.1, Safe Use of Lasers (NOTAL)
(c) SECNAVINST 5100.14D
(d) 29 CFR 1926.54 and 1926.102(b,) Safety and Health
Regulations for Construction
(e) OPNAVINST 5100.23G, chapter 22
(f) OPNAVINST 5100.19E, chapter B9
(g) OPNAVINST 5102.1D/MCO P5102.1B, Navy and Marine Corps
Mishap and Safety Investigation Reporting and Record
Keeping Manual
(h) MIL-STD-882D, Department of Defense Standard Practice
for System Safety
(i) OPNAVINST 3500.39B
(j) MIL-HDBK-828A, Department of Defense Handbook Laser
Safety on Ranges and in Other Outdoor Areas
(k) DoD 4160.21-M, Defense Materiel Disposition Manual,
of August 1997
(l) DoD 4160.21-M-1, Defense Demilitarization Manual, of
October 1991
(m) BUMEDINST 6470.23, Medical Management of Non-Ionizing
Radiation Casualties
(n) ANSI Z136.3, Safe Use of Lasers in Health Care
Facilities (NOTAL)
(o) BUMEDINST 6470.19A, Laser Safety at Military
Facilities and Research Laboratories
(p) ANSI Z136.2, Safe Use of Optical Fiber Communication
Systems Utilizing Laser Diode and LED Sources (NOTAL)
(q) SECNAV M-5210.1, Department of the Navy Records
Management Program
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
(r) SECNAV M-5210.2, Department of the Navy Standard

Subject Identification Code (SSIC) Manual
(s) NAVMC DIR 5210.11E, Marine Corps Records Management
Program Manual
Encl: (1) Laser System Safety Officer Training Requirements

(2) Laser Safety Design Requirement Checklists
(3) Requirements and Procedures of the Laser Safety
Review Board (LSRB)
(4) Guidelines for Submission of a Laser Data Package and
Presentation at the LSRB Meeting
(5) Military Laser Exemption Notification Format
(6) Activity Laser Hazard Control Program
(7) General Requirements for Laser Hazard Control
(8) Safety Requirements for Military Laser Ranges
(9) Laboratory Laser Use and Laser Maintenance
Requirements
(10) Example of Military Exempt Laser Inventory Format
(11) Example of Non-Military Exempt Class 3B and Class 4
Laser Inventory Format
(12) Laser Safety Requirements Summary
1. Purpose. To prescribe Navy and Marine Corps policy and

guidance in the identification and control of laser radiation
hazards. This instruction has been administratively revised and
should be read in its entirety.
2. Cancellation. OPNAVINST 5100.27A/MCO 5104.1B.
3. Background. The widespread use of lasers in both commercial

and military applications has increased the probability of
injury from exposure to laser radiation. References (a) through
(p) provide controls over laser design and operation for
protection of personnel and equipment or contain specific
information on various laser safety subjects. Enclosures (1)
through (12) provide requirements and guidance on various
aspects of the Navy Laser Hazards Control Program.
4. Scope. The provisions of this directive are mandatory for

all Navy and Marine Corps activities. They apply to the design,
use, and disposal of all equipment and systems capable of
producing laser radiation, including laser fiber optics and
system support equipment. Directed energy weapons that emit
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OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
laser radiation and other high-energy laser systems are subject

to the requirements of this directive. Medical, industrial, and
construction laser systems that have no military-specific
applications are exempted from this instruction. This document
has been coordinated with all members of the Navy Laser Safety
Review Board (LSRB).
5. Definitions
a. Administrative Laser Safety Officer (ALSO). One who has

successfully completed an Administrative Lead Agent (ALA) and
Lead Navy Technical Laboratory (LNTL)-approved ALSO course. See
enclosure (1).
b. Laser. An acronym for light amplification by stimulated

emission of radiation. Any device that can be made to produce
or amplify electromagnetic radiation in the X-ray, ultraviolet,
visible, and infrared or other portions of the spectrum by the
process of stimulated emission of photons.
c. Laser Classifications. There are four laser hazard

classifications that determine the required extent of radiation
safety controls. These range from class 1 lasers that are safe
for direct beam viewing under most conditions to class 4 lasers
that require the strictest of controls. Laser product
classification pertains to intended use only. When a laser
product is disassembled for maintenance, etc., and protective
features removed, the laser classification may change to a more
hazardous class. Details concerning laser classification are
contained in references (a) and (b). Controls for each class
are addressed in this instruction and in references (b) through
(f).
d. Laser Safety Specialist (LSS). One who has successfully

completed the ALA and LNTL-approved LSS course. The Technical
Laser Safety Officer (TLSO) course is a prerequisite for the LSS
course. The LSS qualification is an advanced laser system
safety officer. An LSS possesses the technical knowledge
required to perform laser measurements, hazard evaluations, and
calculations. See enclosure (1).
e. Laser System Safety Officer (LSSO). A generic term used

throughout this instruction. It can refer to personnel
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OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
functioning as an ALSO, TLSO, LSS or Range Laser Safety

Specialist (RLSS).
f. Military Exempt Lasers. Lasers designed for actual

combat, combat training operations, or classified in the
interest of national security and are exempted from the
requirements of reference (a). Military exempt laser systems
must comply with the design requirements provided in enclosure
(2).
g. Nominal Hazard Zone (NHZ). The volume of space within

which the level of the direct, reflected, or scattered laser
radiation may exceed the applicable Maximum Permissible Exposure
(MPE) level.
h. Range Laser Safety Officer (RLSO). One who has

successfully completed an ALA- and LNTL-approved TLSO course.
An RLSO is a TLSO with assigned laser range management
responsibilities as outlined in paragraph 5 of enclosure (8).
RLSOs are qualified to perform the duties of an ALSO with
emphasis on outdoor use of lasers. RLSOs are not qualified to
perform laser or laser range hazard evaluations and
calculations. See enclosure (1).
i. Range Laser Safety Specialist (RLSS). One who has

successfully completed the ALA- and LNTL-approved RLSS course.
The TLSO course is a prerequisite for the RLSS course. The RLSS
possesses the technical knowledge required to perform laser
range hazard evaluations and calculations required for laser
range certification. See enclosure (1).
j. Technical Laser System Safety Officer (TLSO). One who

has successfully completed an ALA- and LNTL-approved TLSO
course. TLSOs are qualified to perform the duties of both ALSOs
and RLSOs, but are not qualified to perform laser or laser range
hazard evaluations and calculations. See enclosure (1).
k. All other terms relating to lasers shall be those given

in references (a) and (b).
6. Policy. Department of the Navy (DON) policy is to identify

and control laser radiation hazards early during design and
development as a matter of military necessity. DON policy is
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OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
also to ensure that personnel are not exposed to laser radiation

in excess of the applicable MPE throughout the life cycle of
laser systems, including research, design, testing, development,
evaluation, acquisition, deployment, operation, support,
maintenance, demilitarization and disposal.
7. Responsibilities
a. Administrative Lead Agent (ALA). The Bureau of Medicine

and Surgery (BUMED)(Code M3B4) is the ALA within the DON. The
ALA shall:
(1) Act as the primary point of contact and authority

within the DON on non-technical laser safety issues.
(2) Represent the DON in tri-service and other inter-

agency laser safety matters including laser radiation medical
surveillance.
(3) Establish laser safety policy and guidance for the

DON; and maintain membership on national and international
standards setting boards and committees to ensure currency of
Navy policy.
(4) Perform the duties of secretariat for the Navy LSRB

as described in enclosure (3).
(5) Coordinate with the LSRB chair to schedule requested

Board reviews to evaluate the safety parameters of laser systems
during the acquisition process, on major modification, on
platform changes and in cases where expert assistance is
required in operational testing and deployment.
(6) Act as the approval authority for the disposal of

military exempt lasers.
(7) Maintain documentation of all Navy and Marine Corps

laser systems reviewed by the LSRB including all military exempt
lasers with the rationale for their exemption.
(8) Report all Navy initiated requests for disposal and

transfer of exempted lasers to the Deputy Under Secretary of
Defense for Environment and Safety (DUSD (ES)) via Assistant
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OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
Secretary of the Navy (Installations and Environment)

(ASN(I&E)).
(9) Advise DUSD (ES) via ASN(I&E) of any substantial

changes in laser safety policy.
(10) Maintain a current database of ALSOs, TLSOs, LSSs,

RLSSs, dates of certification, dates of recertification, and
approved instructors.
(11) Establish and publish Navy laser safety design

standards and training requirements with input from the LNTL.
See reference (g).
(12) Review the ALSO, TLSO, LSS, and RLSS training

curricula for approval (in conjunction with the LNTL).
(13) Review personnel and agency qualification to

designate qualified instructors for the ALSO, TLSO, LSS, and
RLSS courses (in conjunction with the LNTL).
(14) Maintain a list of current LSRB membership.
b. Technical Lead Agent (TLA). Reference (c) designates

the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEASYSCOM) as the TLA for
laser safety within the DON. Reference (c) also directs
NAVSEASYSCOM to designate the Naval Surface Warfare Center,
Dahlgren Division (NSWCDD) Code G73 as the LNTL for laser
safety. NAVSEA 04N shall serve as the TLA and, using the
technical expertise at NSWCDD Code G73, shall:
(1) Conduct laser safety surveys, measurements, and

reviews for all DON lasers and laser installations under the
scope of Navy LSRB review. Actual services shall be provided by
the LNTL on a cost reimbursable basis.
(2) Represent the DON in tri-service and other

interagency laser safety matters and support BUMED in laser
radiation medical surveillance.
(3) Maintain membership on national and international

standards setting boards and committees to ensure currency of
Navy policy.
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OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
(4) Evaluate laser ranges and target areas via the Naval
Surface Warfare Center, Corona Division, Code SE34, PO Box 5000,
Corona, CA 92878, DSN 933-4143, commercial (909) 273-4143 or an
ALA/LNTL-approved RLSS.
(5) Evaluate laser protective devices via the Naval Air

Warfare Center (NAWC), Aircraft Division (ACDIV), NAWC-ACDIV
Vision Laboratory, Code NAVAIR-4.6.7.1, Patuxent River, MD
20670.
(6) Review for approval (in conjunction with the ALA)

the ALSO, TLSO, LSS, and RLSS training curricula.
(7) Ensure that LNTL personnel evaluating lasers are

LSSs.
c. Laser Safety Review Board (LSRB). The LSRB is an

independent authority on laser safety as established by this
instruction. The LSRB provides a laser systems safety review of
class 3B and 4 lasers used in optical fiber communications
systems, all DON lasers used in combat, combat training, or
classified in the interest of national security and all laser
systems capable of exceeding class 3R levels, except those
planned solely for industrial, construction, medical, or indoor
experimental laboratory use. This includes systems that are
used by other military services and lasers previously registered
with the Food and Drug Administration for which modifications in
design or use are intended. LSRB review is not required for
lasers planned solely for industrial, construction, medical, or
indoor experimental laboratory use. The LSRB can act as a
source of laser safety guidance for any laser system regardless
of its intended use.
(1) The LSRB consists of a permanent and alternate

member from all systems commands; BUMED; Headquarters, USMC
(Safety Division); the Naval Safety Center; NAWC Aircrew
Division; and the LNTL. See enclosure (3).
(2) Enclosures (3) and (4) provide procedures used by

the LSRB in its deliberations.
(3) If any facility (including research and development)

or procurement office chooses to defer to the LSRB for safety
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OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
guidance, the facility shall adhere to the decisions and

recommendations of the LSRB.
(4) LSRB approval is limited solely to the laser/laser

system and those parts of the testing relating to the laser/
laser system. LSRB review is not intended to be a substitution
for a safety or environmental review for all conceivable
safety/environmental issues. Final approval for testing or use
must come from the appropriate safety manager, environmental
and/or occupational health directorate per local instructions.
d. Laser System Acquisition Agent. Commanders of all

systems commands, all Navy and Marine Corps program directors
and project managers, and research and development activities
shall fund and conduct the laser system safety program within
their cognizant material support areas. The acquisition agent
shall:
(1) Apply system safety methods per reference (h)

throughout all life cycle phases of laser systems, laser test
fixtures and laser facilities for new systems and modification
or different applications of an existing system.
(2) Review the purpose of proposed lasers to determine

if they shall meet reference (a) and/or qualify as military
exempt. Exempted lasers shall be designed per enclosure (2) and
as many of the standards of reference (a) as practical as
determined by the LSRB. Substitute control measures
(engineering, administrative, or procedural) are required to be
as safe as what they are replacing. Lasers that are not
classified in the interest of national security that are
intended primarily for non-combat training and demonstration,
industrial operations, scientific investigations, or medical
applications shall not be exempted. Any questions in this
regard may be addressed to the LNTL.
(3) Grant exemptions from reference (a) and impose

enclosure(2) requirements on manufacturers designing military
exempt lasers. Procurement or contracting officers shall grant
exemptions to manufacturers in writing and ensure that the
system is reviewed by the LSRB. The laser exemption format is
given in enclosure (5). A copy of the exemption shall be
provided to the ALA.
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OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
(4) Ensure that class 3B and class 4 lasers and laser

systems and all classes of lasers used for combat, combat
training, or are classified in the interest of national security
are reviewed by the LSRB. Obtain these reviews before program
advancement to the next stage of development, and before test,
prototype, or production units are introduced into the Fleet.
Resubmit systems for LSRB review when new applications or
unapproved platforms are considered. Ensure that operational
requirements traceability is demonstrated to the LSRB to prevent
proliferation of unnecessary hazardous laser systems.
Demonstrate that DoD-approved Laser Eye Protection (LEP) are
included in design, planning, training, and use, throughout
developmental testing, operational testing, and operational
deployment.
(5) Ensure that the LNTL participates in design reviews,

evaluates compliance with enclosures (2) and (12), and measures
laser output parameters to determine nominal ocular hazard
distances, LEP requirements, and other safety related parameters
of all lasers prior to review by the LSRB.
(6) Provide the LSRB chair and secretariat safety test

data, measurements, laser hazard evaluation results, corrective
actions, and other system safety activities conducted per
reference (h) and enclosure (4) of this instruction at least 30
days prior to laser reviews.
(7) Implement the requirements of the LSRB.
(8) Ensure DoD-approved laser protective devices are

available for operating and maintenance personnel and recommend
protection for other personnel or material at risk.
(9) Include all necessary laser safety data in laser

technical manuals, maintenance requirement cards, operational
manuals, and training curricula.
e. Operational Commands. Navy and Marine Corps commands or

activities using class 3B or class 4 lasers, shall:
(1) Establish laser safety organizations per enclosures

(6) through (9). A comprehensive operational risk management
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OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
program is an essential part of the laser hazard control process

and shall be implemented per reference (i).
(2) Impose design and operating requirements of this

instruction and enclosure (2) on equipment and facilities.
Provide adequate warnings, safety training, documentation, and
audits for the control of all hazards resulting from the use of
lasers at their activities. Ensure all lasers are classified as
to their hazard(s) and labeled per reference (b).
(3) Ensure appropriate LEP is worn by all personnel

within the NHZ during testing or operational use of any laser
system with the unaided Optical Density (OD) requirement. If
optical aids may be used in the exercise, LEP should meet the
aided OD requirement.
(4) Appoint the LSSO at that command or activity and

forward the LSSO’s name, organizational code, and telephone
number to the ALA. The activity commander and LSSO will
maintain control over laser operations at the local activity.
(5) Ensure that only those laser installations and

ranges which have been certified by an RLSS and approved by the
activity LSSO as safe for specific applications using specific
laser systems are allowed to operate and then solely for those
applications. Laser systems shall not be fired outside of these
LSSO-designated areas and targets. Technical assistance is
available from the LNTL on a cost reimbursable basis to enable
commanding officers and their LSSOs to certify the safety of
their laser ranges. The commanding officer is responsible for
range certification and use per reference (j).
(6) Use and dispose of military exempt lasers per

references (c), (k) and (l). Obtain approval of the ALA prior
to disposal. The LSRB may be used to ensure that the system is
demilitarized per reference (l) or disposed of in accordance
with reference (k) that will prevent public access to military
exempt technology.
(7) Maintain a current inventory of all military exempt

lasers and all class 3B and class 4 lasers as defined in
reference (b) for submission to the ALA as requested. A sample
format for submission of military exempt laser data is given in
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OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
enclosure (10). A sample format for submission of non-military

exempt class 3B and class 4 lasers is given in enclosure (11).
The LSSO shall keep the inventory of military exempt and class
3B and class 4 lasers. Report lost lasers to the ALA using the
inventory formats given in enclosures (10) and (11).
(8) Immediate consultation shall be obtained with an

ophthalmologist or optometrist for personnel with suspected or
observed laser exposure. Since early medical intervention may
lessen the severity of the damage or subsequent retinal scarring
for the laser injury, efforts should be made to have the
individual promptly seen by an ophthalmologist or at the
ophthalmology department of a hospital on an urgent basis.
Notify BUMED (M3B4) by electronic mail, fax, message or
telephone of suspected or observed laser exposure as soon as
possible at commercial (202) 762-3448, DSN 762-3448, fax
commercial (202) 762-0931, DSN 762-0931. Additionally, contact
the tri-service laser safety hotline (800-473-3549) as soon as
possible.
(9) Submit a laser incident report for all cases where

personnel are inadvertently exposed to laser energy and maintain
the laser incident reports per reference (q) SSIC 8140.1. This
report is required for all incidents involving personnel with
suspected or observed exposure to class 3B or class 4 lasers.
The report shall be sent by the LSSO to BUMED within 30 days of
the incident and shall include:
(a) List of personnel involved;
(b) Estimation of laser exposure received to the

eyes or skin as related to the applicable MPE per reference (b);
(c) The examining medical officer’s immediate and

subsequent medical findings (if applicable);
(d) A detailed account of the laser exposure

incident. Include the laser’s parameters as applicable:
wavelength, power or energy, pulse repetition frequency, pulse
length, beam size, and divergence;
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OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
(e) A detailed account of safety procedures and

personal protective equipment used at the time of the laser
exposure incident; and
(f) Lessons learned and actions completed to prevent

another laser exposure incident.
(10) Submit a safety investigation report per references

(e), (f), and (g) for all incidents that meet the safety
investigation thresholds.
(11) Submit a hazard report for any work-related events

that could have potentially resulted in a laser exposure such as
using defective safety equipment or inadequate standard
operating procedures using the laser incident report criteria in
paragraph 7e(9) as applicable.
(12) Obtain LSRB approval for all class 3B, class 4 and
military exempt lasers. A laser safety requirements summary is
provided in enclosure (12).
(13) Coordinate all space directed (above-horizon)

emissions with North American Aerospace Defense Command, CMD/J3S
USSTRATCOM JSCC USV, Attn: Orbital Safety Officer, Cheyenne
Mountain AFS, CO 80914-6020, Laser Clearinghouse, DSN 268-4416,
(719) 474-4416. The following parameters shall be reported:
operating wavelength, beam-divergence and output power or
energy.
f. Per enclosure (12), Navy and Marine Corps regions,

commands, or activities having only class 1, 2, and 3a or 3R
lasers not used in combat, combat training or classified in the
interest of national security are not required to assign an
LSSO. However, they shall:
(1) Ensure users read manufacturer literature and

labeling.
(2) Report any instances of contact of the laser beam

with an eye to the safety office immediately.
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OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
LASER SYSTEM SAFETY OFFICER TRAINING REQUIREMENTS
1. General. Laser System Safety Officers (LSSOs) shall have

satisfactorily completed a Navy LSSO course. Commands should
contact the Administrative Lead Agent (ALA)/Lead Navy Technical
Laboratory (LNTL) for the approved formal laser safety course
that applies to their situation.
2. Laser System Safety Officers (LSSOs). There are four

categories of LSSOs: ALSO, TLSO, LSS, and RLSS (see definitions
below). Retesting at the LSSO’s highest certification level is
required to maintain certification for all categories of LSSO
every 4 years. Recertification exams shall include prerequisite
level information. If the LSSO fails the recertification
examination, the LSSO will have to be re-certified by attending
the appropriate course. Personnel should contact either the ALA
or LNTL for recertification testing information. Commanding
officers should determine which category of LSSO is appropriate
for their commands considering their mission, types of lasers
being used, and size of the laser safety program. LSSO
categories and qualification descriptions are as follows:
a. Administrative Laser Safety Officer (ALSO) - The ALSO

must successfully complete an ALA/LNTL-approved ALSO course. An
ALSO is qualified to:
(1) Establish and manage a unit level laser safety

program.
(2) Approve, disapprove, or submit for safety approval

to higher authority all local laser uses, both portable and
fixed.
(3) Instruct employees and supervisors on the safe use

of lasers.
(4) Supervise laser operations and maintenance.
(5) Manage laser incident investigations as appropriate.

Technical assistance of an LSS or an RLSS is required.
(6) Maintain a laser medical surveillance program.
(7) Maintain an inventory of military exempt and class

3B and class 4 lasers.
Enclosure (1)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
(8) Post laser warning signs and devices.
(9) Ensure that laser operators have the appropriate

knowledge to safely operate their specific lasers (supervisor
safety briefs, factory training school, instructional materials,
etc.).
(10) Provide safety briefs/pre-mission briefs to laser

range users.
(11) Prior to use of a laser range, ensure/confirm that

warning signs have been posted, the area is clear of specular
reflectors, personnel have required Laser Eye Protection (LEP),
and all other safety conditions for range laser use outlined in
the range regulations or range standard operating procedures
(SOPs) are met.
(12) Perform LEP inspections.
b. Technical Laser Safety Officer (TLSO) - A TLSO must

successfully complete an ALA/LNTL-approved TLSO course. A TLSO
is qualified to:
(1) Understand the calculations and measurements of

laser safety parameters such as Nominal Ocular Hazard Distances
(NOHDs) and required Optical Densities (ODs) for laser eyewear.
(2) Train ALSOs using the ALA-approved course curriculum

(qualification of TLSOs as instructors requires ALA/LNTL
approval).
(3) Understand classification of lasers and laser

systems.
(4) Perform the duties of a laboratory, installation,

base, research facility, or Range Laser Safety Officer (RLSO) as
follows:
(a) Establish and manage a base or installation

laser range safety program.
(b) Approve/disapprove the use of laser systems

and/or any laser operations on their range that fall within the
guidelines of the range certification.
2 Enclosure (1)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
(c) Perform annual range safety compliance

inspections to include:
1. Verification of range boundary warning

signs;
2. Target conditions;
3. Accessibility and condition of ground laser

system firing points; and
4. Other laser safety controls, as appropriate.
(d) Ensure laser ranges under their cognizance are

certified/recertified by an RLSS at least every 3 years or when
changes to the range fall outside the current certification.
(e) Ensure range regulations/SOPs are provided to

commands requesting usage of the laser range.
(f) Review the training plan (to include laser

type(s) and proposed employment tactics) of each command
requesting access to the laser range to ensure compliance with
current laser range certification.
(5) Perform the same duties as an ALSO.
c. Laser Safety Specialist (LSS). The LSS must

successfully complete the ALA/LNTL-approved LSS course. An LSS
is qualified to:
(1) Perform the calculations and measurements of laser

safety parameters such as NOHDs and required ODs for laser
eyewear.
(2) Train ALSOs, TLSOs, RLSOs, and LSSs using the ALA-
approved course curriculum. (Qualification of instructors
requires ALA/LNTL approval.)
(3) Classify lasers and laser systems.
(4) Conduct technical aspects of laser incident

investigations.
(5) Perform the same tasks as a TLSO.
3 Enclosure (1)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
d. Range Laser Safety Specialist (RLSS). An RLSS must

successfully complete an ALA/LNTL-approved RLSS course. An RLSS
is qualified to:
(1) Conduct laser radiation hazard surveys and

evaluations for commanding officer approval of certification.
(2) Perform the calculations and measurements required

to certify a laser range.
(3) Train ALSOs and RLSSs using the ALA-approved course

curriculum. Qualification of instructors requires ALA/LNTL
approval.
(4) Conduct technical aspects of laser range incident

investigations.
(5) Perform the same tasks as a TLSO.
4 Enclosure (1)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
LASER SAFETY DESIGN REQUIREMENT CHECKLISTS
The checklists in this enclosure are intended to help the

designer, procuring activity, or personnel responsible for laser
safety stay within the laser safety design requirements for
military lasers and associated support equipment. There may be
requirements where the wording may not precisely apply to the
particular situation; therefore, some individual interpretation
of the requirements is necessary. Because each individual's
interpretation of the requirements may differ, room has been
made available to expand upon the answer to each requirement.
The checklists should not be used by themselves, but in
conjunction with other references (e.g., MIL-STD-882D1 and ANSI
Z136.12).
EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION
Equipment Name:_______________________________________________
System Name to be Used
throughout Approval and Use:__________________________________
Documented Operational Requirements
for Laser Use:________________________________________________
Model Number: ___________ Serial Number: ________________
Manufacturer: ___________________________________________
Address: ___________________________________________
___________________________________________
Responsible Authority:________________________________________
Address: ___________________________________________
___________________________________________
Point of Contact: ___________________________________________
Address: ___________________________________________
___________________________________________
Phone: ___________________________________________
Inspector: _________________________ Date: _________
1MIL-STD-882D, Department of Defense Standard Practice for System Safety, 2000.

2ANSI Z136.1, American National Standard Institute Safe Use of Lasers, 2007.
Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
APPENDIX A
LASER DESIGN REQUIREMENT CHECKLIST
Item Requirement Yes/No Comment

1 Is laser product provided with a
tag or label permanently affixed to
the device housing?
1a Does such a tag or label contain
the full name and address of the
manufacturer, the laser model, and
the place, month, and year of
manufacture?
1b Is label or tag information not
expressed in code?
2 In lieu of the certification label
required by 21 Code of Federal
Regulations (CFR) 1010.2; if laser
is product exempted under 76EL-01
Department of Defense (DoD), is a
tag or label permanently affixed to
the device housing so that it is
readily accessible to view?
2a Does such a tag or label contain
the following statement?
CAUTION
This electronic product has been
exempted from FDA radiation safety
performance standards prescribed in
Title 21, CFR, chapter I,
subchapter J, under Exemption No.
76EL-01 DoD issued on 26 July 1976.
This product should not be used
without adequate protective devices
or procedures.
3 Are laser products operational and
adjustment controls located so that
human exposure to laser radiation
in excess of the appropriate
Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE)
is unnecessary for the operation or
adjustment of such controls?
4 Is laser product designed to
preclude unintentional laser output
(e.g., spontaneous firing)?
Appendix A of
Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008

5 Are lasers and associated optics
designed so that external secondary
beams are not generated unless
necessary for the performance of
the intended function(s)?
6 Are focused beams, hot spots, and
collateral radiation minimized?
7 Do lasers employing frequency
shifting or harmonic multipliers
reduce unnecessary emissions below
MPE?
8 Is the laser system designed to
preclude unintentional self-
oscillation, mode-locking, double-
pulsing, or unwanted modes, when
practicable?
9 If unwanted modes cannot be
eliminated, is laser classified as
per the worst possible accessible
emission level?
10 Are interlocked protective housings
provided to protect personnel from
high-voltage sources and
unnecessary laser and collateral
radiation in excess of the
Accessible Emission Limits (AELs)?
10a Is aural or visual indication of
interlock defeat provided?
10b Do interlocks return to their
normal operation when access cover
or door is returned?
11 When laser radiation exceeding
American National Standard
Institute (ANSI) AEL for class 1 is
accessible, are visual indicators
readily visible while wearing
suitable laser protective eyewear?
12 Do viewing ports and display
screens, which allow the operator
to view laser radiation, attenuate
the radiation to limit personnel
exposure to below the appropriate
MPE?
Appendix A of
A-2 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008

13 Do laser product pointing or
viewing optics having a magnifying
power exceeding 1.0 include a
built-in laser safety filter within
the optical train that protects the
operator from reflections from
specular surfaces or exposures from
force-on-force training?
13a Is adequate visibility maintained
when using laser safety filters?
13b Are laser safety filters
permanently attached or designed so
that the optical train cannot be
assembled without the filter?
13c Is filter on viewing sight marked
to indicate optical density (OD)&
wavelength?
14 Is there a label marking the output
aperture?
15 Items 15-22 are class 1, 1M 2, 2M,
or 3R laser requirements
Do laser warning labels for
exempted lasers provide clear
instructions to the operators,
maintainers, and potential
bystanders to preclude laser
injury?
16 Do lasers classified as ANSI class
1, class 2, or class 3R meet the
design (performance) requirements
of 21 CFR class 1, class 2,
respectively, except where such
requirements restrict operational
capability or security?
17 Do lasers classified as ANSI Class
1, class 2, or class 3A or 3R meet
the designation and warning
requirements of 21 CFR class 1 and
class 2, respectively, with the
exception that the ANSI
classification will be displayed in
the lower right corner rather than
the Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) class?
Appendix A of
A-3 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008

18 Are labels permanently affixed or
inscribed on such products as to be
legible and readily accessible to
view when the product is fully
assembled for use?
19 Are warning labels affixed to the
laser system housing near the beam
exit port and/or fire button when
possible in such a manner that
viewing the label does not require
personnel exposure to laser
radiation?
20 Are class 2 or some 3R lasers, as
defined by ANSI, provided with a
label similar to the examples
illustrated in figures 2-1 or 2-3?
20a Is numerical output information
[e.g., wavelength(s) and maximum
power output (when unclassified)]
located along the lower edge in a
smaller font?
20b Does the word INVISIBLE or VISIBLE,
as appropriate, precede the word
RADIATION?
20c When labels may compromise
camouflage, are muted colors
appropriate to the camouflage paint
scheme used?
20d Is information classified in the
interest of national security
omitted from all labels?
21 When a laser has a defeatable
interlock that, when defeated,
allows access to class 3B or class
4 emission levels, is an additional
label that states the following
installed on or near the access
panel?
DANGER
Laser Radiation When Open and
Interlock Defeated, Avoid Eye or
Skin Exposure to Direct or
Scattered Radiation.
Appendix A of
A-4 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008

22 If non-exempted lasers incorporate
military labeling, has alternate
labeling been requested by the
manufacturer and approved as a
variance by the FDA in accordance
with 21 CFR 1040 (g) (10)?
23 Items 23-43 are Class 3B and Class
4 laser design requirements
Are class 3B, class 4, and some 3R
lasers, as defined by ANSI,
provided with a label similar to
the examples illustrated in figures
2-2a, 2-2b, or 2-3?
23a Are such labels permanently affixed
or inscribed on such products to be
assembled for use?
23b Is the label affixed to the laser
system housing near the fire button
and exit port when the port is
remote from the operator in such a
manner that viewing the label does
not require personnel exposure to
laser radiation?
23c Does the label use the word DANGER
and include the type of laser and
the word VISIBLE or INVISIBLE
preceding the word RADIATION?
Appendix A of
A-5 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008

23d Does the label contain an
appropriate instructional safety
statement or control message for
the operator or bystander as
applicable?
For class 3B and class 4 ground
target designators:
DO NOT AIM AT PERSONNEL OR FLAT
GLASS SURFACES
For class 4 lasers that present a
diffuse reflection hazard:
GLASS SURFACES OR TARGETS WITHIN
___ METERS
Bystander warning for wavelengths
400 to 1400 nm; class 3B and class
4 lasers:
DO NOT LOOK INTO PORTHOLE
1400 nm to 1 mm and 180 to 400 nm;
class 3B and class 4 lasers:
DO NOT EXPOSE EYE OR SKIN TO DIRECT
OR SPECULARLY REFLECTED BEAMS
23e Do DANGER labels have DANGER
printed upon a white background
with a bright red oval around the
word DANGER and contain a red
starburst and black lettering?
23f When camouflage may be compromised
by such warning labels, are
appropriate muted colors (i.e.,
olive drab) used?
23g If the information is unclassified,
are the ANSI laser hazard
classification, wavelength(s), and
maximum radiant power or energy
added along the lower edge of the
label?
Appendix A of
A-6 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008

24 Are measures taken to prevent
single operator or material error
causing unintentional laser output
that exceeds ANSI AEL for class 1?
25 Are at least two operator actions
(one of which shall serve as a
laser arming control) required to
cause the laser to function?
26 Is laser output impossible when
arming control is in the safe
position?
27 Is the laser fire trigger or switch
clearly identified and physically
protected to prevent accidental
activation (when possible, the
switch shall be a guarded positive
action type that requires
continuous operator intent to
operate the laser product and laser
output shall cease immediately upon
release)?
28 If the laser is a single-pulsed
laser, is the activation circuitry
designed so that continual
depression or short-circuiting of
the fire control switch will not
cause repeated emissions [unless
necessary for the performance of
intended function(s)]?
29 If operational considerations
preclude the use of a dead-man
switch, a toggled switch may be
used if adequate design safeguards
are provided to prevent long-term
inadvertent lasing (e.g., through a
watchdog timer and/or system logic
switching device). Are these
employed?
30 Does the laser have a permanently
installed/attached exit port cover
that prevents access by any part of
the body to all laser radiation in
excess of ANSI AEL for class 1?
Appendix A of
A-7 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008

30a Does the cover chosen clearly
indicate that it is in place (safe)
or open?
30b Is the cover designed to withstand
repeated laser firings when it is
in either position?
31 Is a readily available remote-
control interlock capability
incorporated on the laser or
auxiliary power supply systems?
31a Does the remote control connector
have an electrical potential no
greater than 130 root mean squared
volts between terminals (not
essential if the laser is always
directed into an interlocked set
enclosure for maintenance or
service procedures)?
31b When the terminals of the connector
are not electrically joined, is
human access to all laser radiation
and collateral radiation in excess
of ANSI AEL for class 1 prevented?
31c Is an intentional reset needed to
reactivate the system once
disconnected?
32 Is the boresight alignment and
retention designed consistent with
system mission requirements
(considered a safety-critical
item)?
33 Are laser status (emission)
indicators (aural or visual or as
specified by the procuring agency)
provided to inform the operator
when the laser is prepared to fire
(armed) and when the laser is
actually firing?
33a If visual indicators are used for
operation or maintenance, are they
visible during daylight, nighttime,
and when viewed through appropriate
protective eye wear?
Appendix A of
A-8 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008

33b Are indicators located so that
viewing does not require personnel
exposure to laser radiation in
excess of the ANSI AEL for class 1?
34 Is there a means to differentiate
between armed and firing (e.g.,
continuous tone or light is armed
and intermittent tone or blinking
light is firing)?
35 If the laser system is installed on
an aircraft, is it designed to
prevent laser output while the
aircraft is not airborne?
35a Is an override switch for ground
maintenance designed to prevent
inadvertent activation?
36 Does the laser product incorporate
controls to optimize positive
operator control of beam pointing?
36a Does it include a means of ensuring
boresight retention and software
systems safety?
37 For systems with automatic target
tracking capability, is an
automatic disable capacity
incorporated to inhibit laser
firing if target tracking outside
the system specifications occurs or
when the laser sight line reaches
the gimbal limits or the system
mask limit?
38 If no hardware stops are installed,
are at least two independent
systems capable of disabling the
laser (a provision to override
these automatic features during
combat is permitted)?
Appendix A of
A-9 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008

39 For lasers using a beam scanning
technique, if irregularities not
normal to the operation and
unintended pattern changes increase
the hazard potential of the laser
product, does it include a feature
that terminates or reduces the beam
output to ANSI AEL for class 1
immediately upon the cessation of
scanning irregularities (change in
either scan velocity or amplitude)?
40 If a training mode is required for
the laser, are provisions made
(beam attenuator, expander,
diffuser or less-hazardous lasers,
TV cameras, etc.) to reduce
hazardous emissions to the lowest
level consistent with training
requirements?
41 If the laser can be used in both a
mission and a training mode, is a
visual indication provided to
inform the operator and outside
observers that the laser is
positively in the training mode?
42 Have the system's Nominal Ocular
Hazard Distance (NOHD), skin hazard
distance, diffuse reflection hazard
determination, protective eye wear
requirements, buffer zone
requirements, and safety parameters
been certified by measurements by
Naval Surface Warfare Center
Dahlgren Division (NSWCDD) (Code
G73) and approved by the Laser
Safety Review Board (LSRB)?
43 Do aiming optics employ a reticle
that can be viewed under any
illumination conditions?
43a Does the reticle not impair dark
adaptation of observer's eyes?
43b Is the reticle calibrated so the
operator can determine the
proximity of the laser beam to
target buffer zones?
Appendix A of
A-10 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
(BORDER AND
LINE OPTIONAL) (YELLOW) (BLACK) (YELLOW)
(YELLOW)
POSITION 1
BOLD BLACK LETTERING
POSITION 2
(BLACK SYMBOL)
POSITION 3
FIGURE 2-1. EXAMPLE OF A CAUTION LABEL. At position 1,

precautionary information should be provided, such as “Do not
stare into the beam.” At position 2, the type of laser should
be provided, such as “Helium Neon,” and at position 3, the
hazard class of the laser should be provided. Below the
starburst, additional information on the characteristics of the
laser should be provided such as laser wavelength and pulse
characteristics.
Appendix A of
A-11 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
(RED) (WHITE) (RED)
(WHITE)
POSITION 1
POSITION 2
(RED SYMBOL)
POSITION 3
FIGURE 2-2a. EXAMPLE OF A DANGER LABEL. Starburst is red;

letters are black. Precautions including the NOHD would be
placed above the tail of the starburst at position 1. The type
of laser, including output power, pulse characteristics, and
whether the output is visible or invisible, is placed below the
tail of the starburst at position 2. The ANSI classification is
placed in the lower right hand corner at position 3.
Appendix A of
A-12 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
RED BACKGROUND WHITE LETTERS
BLACK
BLACK
LETTERING
RED SYMBOL
FIGURE 2-2b. EXAMPLE OF AN ALTERNATE DANGER LABEL. Starburst

is red; letters are black. Precautions including the NOHD would
be placed above the tail of the starburst. The type of laser,
including output power or pulse characteristics, is placed below
the starburst. If the output of the laser is invisible, the
word “invisible” should be included below the tail of the
starburst. The ANSI classification is placed in the lower right
hand corner.
Appendix A of
A-13 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
SPACE FOR LEGEND
LEGEND AND BORDER: BLACK

BACKGROUND: YELLOW
FIGURE 2-3. EXAMPLE OF AN INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL

COMMISSION(IEC) HAZARD AND EXPLANATORY SET OF ALTERNATE LABELS.
Starburst and borders are black; backgrounds are yellow.
Explanations on the explanatory label shall be commensurate with
the class of laser being labeled. Examples of explanatory
statements can be found in ANSI Z136.1 and/or IEC 60825-1.
Appendix A of
A-14 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
APPENDIX B
SUPPORT EQUIPMENT DESIGN REQUIREMENT CHECKLIST

1 Items 1-7 are applicable to all
classes of laser support equipment
If the laser support equipment is
military exempt, is it used solely
in support of exempted lasers?
2 Is the laser support equipment
designed to ensure that laser
radiation emitted during
maintenance or service is no
greater than the ANSI AEL for class
1 and that collateral radiation is
not in excess of applicable limits,
when practicable?
3 Does the equipment confine the
laser radiation within an opaque
enclosure?
4 Is the enclosure interlocked to
prevent exposure to levels in
excess of the ANSI AEL for class 1
when the enclosure is removed?
5 Is the enclosure provided with the
appropriate exterior warning
indicators and labels?
6 Have other associated hazards been
addressed and controlled by
suitable engineering programs per
Military Standard (MIL-STD)-882
(NOTAL), MIL-STD-2036 (NOTAL)?
7 Are adequate instructions as to
safe techniques and personnel
protective means included in all
technical manuals and plainly
marked on the laser product when
potentially hazardous areas are
accessible?
Appendix B of
Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008

8 Items 8-13 are applicable to class
1, 1M, 2, 2M, or 3R laser support
equipment requirements
Does the laser support equipment
meet the design (performance)
requirements of 21 CFR class 1,
class 2, or class 3R, respectively,
except where such requirements
restrict operational capability or
security?
9 Does the laser support equipment
meet designation and warning
requirements of 21 CFR class 1,
class 2, or class 3R, respectively,
with the exception that the ANSI
classification will be displayed in
the lower right corner rather than
the FDA class?
10 Are labels permanently affixed or
inscribed on such products as to be
assembled for use?
11 Are warning labels affixed to the
housing in such a manner that
viewing the label does not require
personnel exposure to laser
radiation?
11a Is numerical output information
[e.g., wavelength(s) and maximum
power output (when unclassified)]
located along the lower edge in a
smaller font?
11b Does the word INVISIBLE or VISIBLE,
as appropriate, precede the word
RADIATION?
11c When labels may compromise
camouflage, are muted colors
appropriate to the camouflage paint
scheme used?
11d Is information classified in the
interest of national security
omitted from labels?
Appendix B of
B-2 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008

12 When a laser has a defeatable
interlock that, when defeated,
allows access to class 3B or class
4 emission levels, is an additional
label that states the following
installed on or near the access
panel?
DANGER
Laser Radiation When Open and
Interlock Defeated, Avoid Eye or
Skin Exposure to Direct or
Scattered Radiation.
13 Does non-exempted support equipment
incorporate military labeling when
alternate labeling has been
requested by the manufacturer and
approved as a variance by the FDA
in accordance with 21 CFR 1040
(g)(10)?
14 Items 14-24 are class 3B and class
4 laser support equipment
requirements
Does the laser system test
equipment for boresight and laser
performance testing attenuate the
beam to limit personnel exposure to
below AEL for ANSI class 1?
15 Is the laser system test equipment
for boresight and laser performance
testing interlocked to the laser to
prevent inadvertent laser operation
outside the enclosure if the test
equipment is not used in a closed
installation?
16 Is an access interlock switch
interfaced with ANSI class 3B and
class 4 laser systems under test
such that inadvertent removal of
test sets or poor connection will
terminate or limit the laser output
to the ANSI AEL for class 1 or
class 2, if applicable?
Appendix B of
B-3 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008

17 Is a warning system activated
immediately prior to operation of
the laser and remain activated
until the laser output has been
reduced to the ANSI AEL for class 1
or class 2, if applicable?
17a Is the warning system designed not
to attract personnel attention in
such a manner as to create a
potential hazard?
18 Does all support equipment for
laser hardware that could directly
activate the laser preferably
incorporate a positive action
(dead-man) switch that must be
activated when laser firing is
desired?
19 When a dead-man switch is not
incorporated, is an emergency
cutoff switch provided that allows
emergency cutoff of laser output in
excess of ANSI AEL for class 1 or
class 2, as appropriate?
19a Is the switch readily accessible
from the operator's position and
permit one-step operation?
20 Is a key-lock master switch
provided to prevent unauthorized
activation of any test facility
component used to supply power
directly to the laser that is
necessary for its operation?
21 Is the laser beam terminated by a
beam stop that is diffuse (i.e.,
has a low value of reflectance at
the laser wavelength)?
21a Is such a beam stop fire resistant
and unable to emit toxic or
carcinogenic fumes when exposed to
the laser(s) for which it was
designed?
21b Is the beam stop marked for the
type(s) and power level(s) of
laser(s) for which it is procured?
Appendix B of
B-4 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008

22 Are appropriate control measures
for the protection of personnel
(e.g., appropriate exhaust
ventilation) provided where toxic
gases cannot be prevented, such as
firebrick, which contains beryllium
compounds?
23 Are class 3B and class 4 laser
support equipment, as defined by
ANSI, provided with a label similar
to the examples illustrated in
figures 2-2a and 2-2b?
23a Are such labels permanently affixed
or inscribed on such products to be
assembled for use?
23b Is the label affixed to the laser
system housing near the fire button
and exit port when the port is
remote from the operator in such a
manner that viewing the label does
not require personnel exposure to
laser radiation?
23c Does the label use the word DANGER
and include the type of laser and
the word VISIBLE or INVISIBLE
preceding the word RADIATION?
23d Does the label contain an
appropriate instructional safety
statement or control message for
the operator or bystander as
applicable?
For class 3B and class 4 ground
target designators:
GLASS SURFACES
Appendix B of
B-5 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008

23d For class 4 laser support equipment
Con. that present a diffuse reflection
hazard:
GLASS SURFACES OR TARGETS WITHIN
___ METERS
400 to 1400 nm; class 3B and class
4 laser support equipment
DO NOT LOOK INTO PORTHOLE
1400 nm to 1 mm and 180 to 400 nm;
class 3B and class 4 laser support
equipment:
DO NOT EXPOSE EYE OR SKIN TO DIRECT
OR SPECULARLY REFLECTED BEAMS
23e Do DANGER labels have DANGER
printed upon a white background
with a bright red oval around the
word DANGER and contain a red
starburst and black lettering?
23f When camouflage may be compromised
by such warning labels, are
appropriate muted colors (i.e.,
olive drab) used?
23g If the information is unclassified,
are the ANSI laser hazard
classification, wavelength(s), and
maximum radiant power or energy
added along the lower edge of the
label?
24 Is laser output impossible when
arming control is in the safe
position?
Appendix B of
B-6 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
APPENDIX C
LASER FACILITY DESIGN REQUIREMENT CHECKLIST

1 Is support equipment designed such
that laser radiation emitted during
maintenance or service is no
greater than the ANSI AEL for class
1 and collateral radiation is not
in excess of applicable limits when
practicable?
2 Can support equipment confine the
laser radiation within an enclosure
that is adequately interlocked to
prevent levels in excess of ANSI
AEL for class 1 when the enclosure
is removed?
2a Is the enclosure provided with
appropriate exterior warning
indicators and labels?
3 Have other associated hazards been
addressed and controlled by
suitable engineering programs per
MIL-STD-882, MIL-STD-2036, and ANSI
Z136.1?
4 Are adequate instructions as to
safe techniques and personnel
protective means included in all
technical references (manuals) and
plainly marked on the laser product
when potentially hazardous areas
are accessible?
5 Is facility designed for limited
personnel access?
6 Is facility a closed installation
for class 3B and class 4 lasers?
7 Are reasonably high illumination
levels at the work areas attainable
to overcome any reduction in visual
performance primarily due to the
use of laser protective eyewear?
8 When practicable, is facility
designed so that no personal
protective equipment is required?
Appendix C of
Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008

9 When the hands or other parts of
the body are likely to be exposed
to potentially hazardous levels,
are protective coverings provided?
10 Are all personnel working in laser
facility provided with suitable
personal protective clothing and
equipment?
11 Does laser protective eyewear
provide complete protection for the
individual's field-of-view and is
it marked with the optical density
(OD) at the specific laser
wavelengths?
12 Is protective eyewear selected
according to the laser equipment
used at that facility?
13 Is protective eyewear selected
suitable for individuals requiring
corrective lenses as well as for
uncorrected vision?
14 Items 14-26 are applicable to class
3B and class 4 laser facility
requirements
Is a laser warning sign displayed
on all entry points or doors to the
facility?
14a Do warning signs use the word
DANGER and include the type of
laser (VISIBLE and/or INVISIBLE),
as appropriate, and precede the
word RADIATION?
14b Do such warning signs contain an
appropriate instructional
statement; e.g., KNOCK BEFORE
ENTERING or KNOCK AND WAIT?
15 Are access interlock switches
interfaced with ANSI class 3B and
class 4 laser systems under test
such that inadvertent entry into
facility will terminate or limit
the laser output to the ANSI AEL
for class 1 or class 2?
Appendix C of
C-2 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008

15a Are these interlock systems such
that inadvertent removal or poor
connection of test sets will
terminate or limit laser output to
ANSI AEL class 1 or class 2?
16 Is a warning system, external to
the facility, activated immediately
prior to operation of the laser and
remain activated until laser output
has been reduced to the ANSI AEL
for class 1 or class 2, if
applicable?
17 Does the facility incorporate
operation switches and beam stops
per checklist items 24 through 26
for support equipment requirements?
18 Does test equipment for boresight
and laser performance enclose the
beam to limit personnel exposure to
below class 1 AEL?
19 Is test equipment interlocked to
laser to prevent inadvertent laser
operation outside the enclosure if
test is not in a closed
installation?
20 Where the laser is not otherwise
supported rigidly, is a mechanical
fixture provided to rigidly attach
the laser in a fixed position
during testing and maintenance?
21 Are location & orientation of test
fixtures such that exposure of
personnel to direct beam is
minimized?
22 Are the interior surfaces of the
facility painted with a finish that
has a low value of reflectance at
the laser wavelength(s) and that
will diffuse the laser beam while
maintaining an acceptable ambient
illumination?
Appendix C of
C-3 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008

23 Are additional safety features to
warn personnel to clear the beam
path area and a low-power visible
laser subsystem for pre-alignment
provided?
24 If the facility is designed for
very high-power continuous wave
(CW) or pulsed lasers, does it have
a means to enclose the entire beam
path within the facility?
24a Is the enclosure designed to
withstand the direct beam?
25 If necessary, are remote-control
firing and television monitoring
provided?
26 Have associated hazards been
controlled? Have ANSI Z136.1
guidelines been considered?
Appendix C of
C-4 Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
APPENDIX D
LASER PROTECTIVE EYEWEAR CHECKLIST

1 Are the laser wavelength and
protection level covered by a DoD
approved Laser Eye Protective (LEP)
device available to the laser
operator and maintainer?
2 Does laser protective eyewear
protect against the worst possible
exposure situation?
3 Does it allow the best compromise
between protection and high
visibility?
4 Is protective eyewear fully
compatible with normal corrective
lenses (spectacles)?
5 Does protective eyewear take into
consideration all hazardous
wavelengths emitted from the laser?
6 Is wavelength range for which
eyewear is designed clearly marked
on the protective eyewear?
7 Is the OD at each wavelength for
which the protective eyewear is
designed clearly marked on the
eyewear?
8 Is user information for LEP
provided?
9 Is the damage threshold of approved
LEP in excess of the maximum output
emitted by the laser?
10 Is the protective eyewear durable
for the anticipated environment and
lifetime?
11 Has protective eyewear with curved
lenses been considered?
12 Is protective eyewear in good
condition, i.e., no scratches,
pits, or cracks?
13 If relying on commercial LEP, has
the manufacturer provided laser
testing results?
Appendix D of
Enclosure (2)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
REQUIREMENTS AND PROCEDURES OF THE

LASER SAFETY REVIEW BOARD (LSRB)
1. Laser Safety Review Board. The LSRB ensures that laser

safety criteria are incorporated in all Department of Navy (DON)
laser systems capable of creating eye injury and other lasers
eligible for military exemption from reference (a) used in the
DON. The LSRB membership shall elect a chair every 2 years.
The chair should be a qualified Laser Safety Specialist (LSS).
The Administrative Lead Agent (ALA) shall provide the
secretariat and administrative support.
2. Scope. The LSRB shall review all lasers and laser systems
used for combat, combat training, or classified in the interest
of national security (not designed solely for medical or indoor
experimental laboratory use) to determine the potential hazards
of the lasers, especially with respect to laser radiation,
during all phases of development, use, maintenance,
transportation, storage and disposal. All lasers capable of
exceeding the accessible exposure limits or maximum permissible
exposure limits for a class 3A or class 3R laser require review
by the LSRB, with the exception of lasers used solely in
industrial or medical settings.
3. Composition. The LSRB is an independent authority on laser

safety as established by this instruction. All systems
commands, the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Marine Corps
Headquarters (SD), the Naval Safety Center, the technical lead
agent, and the Lead Navy Technical Laboratory (LNTL) shall
provide a permanent and alternate member to the LSRB. The
names, telephone numbers of the members, and their security
clearances shall be forwarded to the ALA. Members of the LSRB
shall be technical laser safety officers. There should be at
least one range laser safety specialist on the LSRB and the
technical laboratory members shall be LSSs. The ALA shall
provide a permanent secretary for the LSRB. Personnel assigned
as members of the LSRB shall be experienced in laser safety and
have no responsibility for the development or effectiveness of
the item under review. Designated LSRB members should seek
assistance in technical documentation review either from the
program manager, the laser system contractor, or the LNTL when
needed.
4. Responsibilities. The LSRB shall review the hazardous

aspects of each laser system presented to ensure that all safety
requirements including design features, procedures, precautions
Enclosure (3)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
and training are included in the laser installation and

documentation. Having established the degree of safety
incorporated in the laser system, the LSRB, through the chair,
renders a judgment as to the safety of the system and presents
its requirements and recommendations regarding the advancement
of the system to the next stage of the acquisition life cycle.
The LSRB members shall have a current SECRET clearance for
classified meetings. Specific responsibilities are as follows:
a. The chair of the LSRB shall:
(1) Convene the LSRB as deemed necessary when requested

by the program office or systems command.
(2) Preside at LSRB meetings.
(3) Ensure implementation of LSRB functions.
(4) Issue LSRB requirements and recommendations to the

responsible agent for each laser presented within 30 days of the
meeting.
b. The secretariat shall:
(1) Coordinate with the chair to schedule LSRB meetings

as required.
(2) Provide administrative support to the LSRB.
(3) Issue reports generated by the LSRB.
(4) Maintain the official files of the LSRB per

reference (r). Marine Corps records shall be maintained per
reference (s).
(5) Maintain an archive or record all electronic mail

(e-mail) messages/ message traffic resulting from informal LSRB
meetings per reference (r). Marine Corps records shall be
maintained per reference (s).
(6) Maintain an LSRB charter that has the consensus of

its membership and has been signed by the current chair of the
LSRB.
2 Enclosure (3)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
c. Members shall:
(1) Review technical documents presented prior to LSRB

meetings.
(2) Render an independent appraisal of the laser safety

aspects along with a recommendation concerning safety approval
of the item under review. All phases of the life cycle are to
be considered, with emphasis given to the life cycle phases of
specific concern to the command represented.
(3) Ensure that the LSRB secretariat receives copies of

all e-mail messages resulting from informal LSRB meetings.
d. All Navy and Marine Corps program/project managers and

commanding officers of facilities with lasers shall:
(1) Submit all items within the scope of this

instruction for LSRB review at appropriate times throughout the
entire life cycle (concept and technology development, system
development and demonstration, production and deployment, and
sustainment and disposal).
(2) Submit a document package per enclosure (4), for

review at least 30 days prior to the established meeting date to
the LSRB chair and secretariat. The document package shall be
sent to each member of the LSRB. LSRB addresses will be
supplied by the ALA or LNTL upon request and can be found on the
Navy Laser Safety Website at http://www.navylasersafety.com.
(3) Ensure that the LNTL is provided with funding and

the required device information to perform the laser safety
survey, measurements, and review of the laser system at least
two weeks prior to the LSRB meeting.
5. Scheduling. Reviews of proposed systems shall be scheduled

well in advance of any use of the laser or laser system so that
LSRB requirements and recommendations can be implemented prior
to use. The evaluation shall be scheduled with the LNTL at
least 30 days prior to the desired date of the evaluation.
3 Enclosure (3)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
GUIDELINES FOR SUBMISSION OF A LASER DATA PACKAGE

AND PRESENTATION AT THE LASER SAFETY REVIEW BOARD (LSRB) MEETING
1. The content of the document package and the presentation is

mainly affected by three considerations:
a. The complexity of the item to be presented;
b. The point in the life cycle in which the review is

conducted; and
c. The security classification of the material.
2. The following guidelines will assist in preparing for the

LSRB. Advice and assistance may be sought from the secretariat
of the LSRB and the Lead Navy Technical Laboratory (LNTL).
Systems reviewed later in their life cycle and more complex
systems typically require a voluminous data package for review.
a. Documentation should be sufficiently complete and

detailed to allow a meaningful review of all laser safety
aspects by LSRB members prior to the presentation. Information
shall not exceed the SECRET level. It should completely
describe:
(1) The design of the system. A full set of design

drawings is not desired, but rather documents such as assembly
drawings, firing circuits, or other sketches that would indicate
or assist in describing the system. Emphasis should be put on
components, hardware, software, and human factors affecting
safety.
(2) The operation of the system. A concise but thorough

description of the intended use of the system including
maintenance, boresight determination and error, boresight
retention, calculated and measured tracking and aiming accuracy,
storage areas, use environment, handling equipment, laser
platform, platform stability, performance sequence, disposal
methods, etc.
(3) The safety features of the system. Describe the

system safety program plan and its results including a list of
all types and scopes of hazard analyses. Observations made
during development, test, and evaluation of the system and
support equipment (such as protective devices) that bear on
laser safety should be presented. All safety devices
Enclosure (4)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
incorporated in the system as well as precautionary measures to

be invoked, such as the methods of beam stop control and
establishment of cutouts, are to be identified. Also required
is a description of the extent to which the system meets the
requirements of applicable standards, specifications, and safety
controls.
(4) The documentation and training support for the

system. Include laser custodian information, laser
identification/type designation, contract number, national stock
number and location(s), and number of lasers. Verify that the
required publication and training programs are being or have
been developed to assure the safe operation, training, handling,
transportation, storage, and disposal of the laser system.
b. The major theme of the presentation should be the system

safety program results with design and operation being covered
in depth. While a definite time limit cannot be established, it
is suggested that the presentation be limited to two hours. The
persons most familiar with the system safety program and the
design and operation of the system should give the presentation.
Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren Division (NSWCDD), Code
G73, will present their findings at the LSRB meeting provided
their evaluation has been completed. Contact the LSRB chair or
secretariat regarding audiovisual requirements at least 2 weeks
prior to the meeting. Attendees at the presentation should
include the program manager, the system engineer, the laser
system safety officer, and a user of the system from the Fleet,
squadron, etc.
c. The LNTL or its designee will perform all measurements

for hazard determination to be presented to the LSRB.
(1) For laser systems and certification of laser firing

ranges, contact the NSWCDD, Code G73, Dahlgren, VA, 22448, DSN
249-1060, commercial (540) 653-1060. Range surveys are also
conducted by the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Corona Division,
Code SE34, PO Box 5000, Corona, CA 92878, DSN 933-4143,
commercial (909) 273-4143 or an administrative lead agent/LNTL-
designated range laser safety specialist.
(2) For laser eyewear device evaluation, contact the

Naval Air Warfare Center-Aircraft Division, NAWC-ACDIV Vision
Laboratory, Code 4.6T, Patuxent River, MD, 20670, DSN 342-
8480/8805, commercial (301) 342-8480/8805.
2 Enclosure (4)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
MILITARY LASER EXEMPTION NOTIFICATION FORMAT
1. The following statement shall be used to notify the

contractor that a laser product is exempt from 21 Code of
Federal Regulations (CFR), chapter 1, subchapter J.
"In accordance with Exemption No. 76EL-01DoD to the

Department of Defense on July 26, 1976, by the Commissioner of
the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the following electronic
product is exempted from FDA radiation safety performance
standards prescribed in 21 CFR, chapter 1, subchapter J.
Laser Type/Medium__________________________________________
Manufacturer________________________________________________
Number of Lasers/Systems____________________________________
National Stock Number (if available_________________________
Local Stock Number__________________________________________
Reason for exemption:(check all that apply)
Combat____ Combat Training____ Classified____
2. The manufacturer shall label laser products exempted under

76EL-01DoD as follows:
CAUTION
This electronic product has been exempted from FDA
radiation safety performance standards prescribed
in the 21 CFR, chapter 1, subchapter J, under
exemption No. 76EL-01 DoD issued on July 26, 1976.
Use this product only with adequate protective
devices or procedures.
or with other wording approved by the LSRB.
3. The contractor must comply with LSRB requirements and

recommendations as stipulated in the contract, identify those
design requirements of 21 CFR Part 1040 which cannot be
incorporated in the system, and provide rationale for
noncompliance with each requirement.
Enclosure (5)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
ACTIVITY LASER HAZARD CONTROL PROGRAM
1. Introduction. All activities that use military exempted,

class 3B or class 4 lasers or systems incorporating any class 3B
or class 4 lasers, or conduct maintenance on laser systems
containing class 3B or class 4 lasers, shall establish a formal
laser hazard control program. Medical facilities shall follow
guidance as set forth by references (e), (f), (m), (n), and (o).
A formal hazard control program is not required for class 1, 1M,
2, 2M, or 3R lasers and for optical fiber communication systems
using lasers that comply with the design and operational
procedures of American National Standards Institute Z136.2.
(NOTE: Activities shall caution individuals using class 3a
lasers labeled with a danger label and class 3R lasers that
these devices are capable of causing severe eye damage).
2. Program Requirements. The activity laser hazard control

program shall include as a minimum:
a. Regulations. Establish an appropriate laser safety

organization and issue laser safety regulations or standard
operating procedures for indoor and outdoor operations and
maintenance ensuring incorporation of hazard assessment and risk
mitigation processes per reference (i).
b. Laser System Safety Officer (LSSO). The commanding

officer shall designate an individual by name and code as the
LSSO. Responsibilities and duties of the LSSO shall be formally
documented to ensure that lasers are operated safely per this
instruction. The LSSO shall have direct access to the
commanding officer and have the authority to suspend, restrict,
or terminate the operation of a laser or laser system. The LSSO
shall be trained to perform his/her assigned duties. A detailed
breakdown of Administrative Laser Safety Officer (ALSO),
Technical Laser Safety Officer (TLSO), Laser Safety Specialist
(LSS), and the Range Laser Safety Specialist (RLSS)
qualifications are provided in enclosure (1). Retesting at the
LSSO’s highest level is required to maintain certification for
all categories of LSSO every 4 years. Re-certification exams
shall include prerequisite level information. If the LSSO fails
the exam, the LSSO must be re-certified via the appropriate
course.
c. Medical Laser Safety Officer. Medical laser safety

officers are a special case and must comply with reference (o)
and do not have to be ALSO, TLSO, LSS, or RLSS certified, but
Enclosure (6)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
must receive training that meets the requirements of reference

(n). The commanding officer shall designate, in writing, an
individual by name and code as the medical laser safety officer.
Responsibilities and duties shall be formally documented to
ensure that lasers are operated safely per this instruction.
The medical laser safety officer shall have direct access to the
commanding officer and have the authority to suspend, restrict,
or terminate the operation of a laser or laser system. If the
activity is a purely medical facility, then the designated
medical laser safety officer can serve as the activity LSSO.
d. Laser Classification and Labeling. Each laser requires

safety approval from the LSSO. Each laser also requires
classification and labeling prior to use per enclosure (2).
Some class 1 or class 2 lasers, when broken down for
maintenance, allow class 3B or class 4 radiation levels to be
accessible and are treated as class 3B or class 4 under those
conditions. For example, if radiation at the level of class 3B
or class 4 is accessible when a class 1 laser housing is
removed, then procedures and labeling of the laser and
maintenance manuals must warn of this condition. When a class 1
laser has a defeatable interlock that, when defeated, allows
access to class 3B or class 4 emission levels, an additional
label is needed on or near the access panel that states the
following:
DANGER
Laser Radiation When Open and Interlock Defeated,
Avoid Eye or Skin Exposure to Direct or Scattered Radiation.
e. Protective Equipment. Commands using lasers shall

provide appropriate laser protective equipment (e.g., eyewear
(see enclosure 2), clothing, barriers, screens, etc.) to
employees. Laser eye protection shall provide optical
densities, at the operating wavelength(s), under both unaided
and optically aided viewing (unless exempted by Laser Safety
Review Board, to ensure that the applicable maximum permissible
exposure is not exceeded. Eyewear shall be labeled with the
wavelength and optical densities or appropriate laser eye
protection code and inspected for serviceability prior to issue
and at least annually to ensure its integrity. Any degradation
such as cracks or bleaching shall result in replacement. Notify
all concerned personnel of any defective eyewear.
f. Safety Evaluations, Inspections and Surveys. Laser

facilities and ranges (other than medical facilities) shall
2 Enclosure (6)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
receive local laser safety compliance inspections annually by a

TLSO, LSS, or RLSS. Medical facilities shall be inspected on
setup and per references (e), (f), (n), and (o). Naval Surface
Warfare Center (NSWC), Dahlgren Division, NSWC Corona Division,
or an Administrative Lead Agent (ALA)/Lead Navy Technical
Laboratory (LNTL)-certified RLSS shall perform complete laser
radiation hazard surveys and evaluations on laser ranges to
determine the degree of laser radiation hazard and to recommend
proper controls. These hazard surveys and evaluations shall be
performed on all new laser ranges and on portions of a certified
range that want to incorporate changes. These ranges must be
re-certified every 3 years.
g. Medical Surveillance Program. A laser medical

surveillance program shall be established and maintained per
reference (m).
h. Laser Inventory. Maintain and submit all necessary

records required by reference (c) and other government
regulations to the ALA and Technical Lead Agent (TLA). Maintain
a list of all class 3B, class 4 and military exempt lasers and
their locations at the activity. A current laser inventory and
all records for lost or disposed laser systems shall be
maintained for submission to the ALA and TLA per paragraph 7e(7)
of this instruction. Inventory sheets are included in
enclosures (10) and (11) of this instruction.
i. Warning Devices and Signs. Post laser warning devices

and signs at appropriate locations to protect unsuspecting
personnel from laser radiation per reference (b) and enclosures
(2) and (6) through (9).
j. Documented Safety Duties for Laser Supervisors.

Document the safety responsibilities of personnel who supervise
laser operations. During laser operations a trained laser
supervisor is required. Those duties may include such functions
as safety planning for the installation of laser systems,
providing and enforcing operational procedures, ensuring
employees receive appropriate training, investigating incidents,
and logging class 3B and class 4 laser firings.
k. Operator Training and Certification. Conduct a command

laser safety training program per enclosure (7). Prior to
assignment, employees who work with lasers shall receive formal
training in methods of hazard control. Establish procedures to
qualify a laser operator or maintenance technician worker.
3 Enclosure (6)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
Procedures shall include periodic review to ensure that

personnel are complying with requirements such as annual
refresher training. Per reference (d), construction workers
shall have proof of their training readily available or in their
possession.
l. Emergency Provisions. The emergency procedures (to

include emergency shutdown procedures, laser hazard information,
and points of contact) shall be posted at each laser
installation in a location that is safely accessible to
personnel rendering emergency aid. Emergency medical
technicians and firefighters shall be trained in laser hazards
and controls. This may require liaison with outside
(contractor) personnel.
m. Laser Safety Committee. Establish a local laser safety

committee to assist in discharging the above responsibilities if
warranted by the magnitude of the potential hazards in local
operations.
n. Laser Mishap Investigation. Ensure prompt medical

attention is given to laser injuries. Investigate and report
laser mishaps per references (e), (f), (g), and (m). Copies of
reports shall be sent to the Naval Safety Center, Bureau of
Medicine and Surgery (M3B4), Headquarters Marine Corps Safety
Division, the LNTL and the ALA per references (e), (f), and (g).
Ensure corrective actions are taken to prevent similar mishaps.
o. Disposal of Military Exempt Lasers. Obtain ALA approval

prior to disposal of military exempt lasers. Ensure excess
military exempt lasers are not sold or donated outside the
Department of the Defense unless they have been brought into
compliance with 21 Code of Federal Regulations and received Food
and Drug Administration registration and ALA approval.
Disposition/disposal shall be in accordance with reference (k),
with demilitarization in accordance with reference (l).
4 Enclosure (6)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR LASER HAZARD CONTROL
1. General
a. All military exempt and class 3B and class 4 lasers,

used in airborne, at sea or military ground operations shall be
reviewed and approved by the Navy Laser Safety Review Board
(LSRB) prior to their use to determine compliance with
regulations, laser hazard data, and recommended eye protection.
b. Only properly trained and authorized personnel shall

operate Class 3B and 4 laser devices.
c. Every laser operation or series of laser firings using

class 3B or class 4 laser systems shall be logged for all
outdoor range operations by the hosting range and operational
unit, and for all laboratory firings/tests by laboratory
personnel. Documentation for training and combat operations
shall include the start and stop time of the exercise/operation
regardless of the number of firings; documenting each on/off
cycle of the laser is preferred and should be done whenever
practical. Documentation for lasers used in a laboratory shall
include each on/off cycle of the laser. An example log is
provided in figure 7-1. Logs shall be maintained per reference
(q) SSIC 8140.2.
d. Personnel shall not be allowed access to a controlled

lasing area (for example, laboratory, laser range, or laser-
firing area) unless they have had a hazard brief, the
appropriate supervisory approval has been obtained, and
protective measures have been taken.
e. Prior to laser operations, the operator shall ensure

that the laser target area, laser hazard zone and/or laboratory
is clear of personnel or that any personnel within the area are
aware of imminent laser operation and are properly protected
against laser hazards.
f. Unprotected personnel shall not be exposed to laser

radiation in excess of the Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE)
levels in reference (b).
(1) Personnel shall use personal protective equipment

specifically designed for protection against the laser system
when engineering or procedural controls are inadequate to
eliminate radiation levels in excess of the MPE.
Enclosure (7)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
(2) Laser protective eyewear shall be marked with

optical density values and wavelength for which protection is
afforded or the appropriate laser eye protection code and issued
to involved personnel. The eyewear shall provide a snug fit and
shall not be used if it does not pass inspection. Before each
use and during periodic (at least annual) Laser System Safety
Officer (LSSO) safety inspections, laser eye protection shall be
inspected for:
(a) Pitting, crazing, scratching, cracking,

bleaching, etc.
(b) Mechanical integrity and leaks.
(3) Optical systems such as lenses, telescopes, etc.,

may increase the hazard to the eye and may be used only when
appropriate interlocks or filters are used to attenuate the
radiation levels below the MPE. Contact lead Navy technical
laboratory or a certified laser safety specialist for assistance
in calculations and evaluation of optical systems and filters.
g. All laser systems used in combat, combat training, or

used on ranges shall have boresight verification per LSRB
requirements.
2. Warning signs. Laser range and building warning signs as

shown in figures 7-2 and 7-3 of this enclosure shall be posted
at the entrances to laser ranges, buildings, or rooms.
3. Non-beam hazards
a. Commands shall make provision to protect against

hazardous by-products that may result from the reaction of laser
radiation, especially ultraviolet laser radiation, with air,
plastics, and other substances such as ozone and skin irritants.
b. Personnel shall not be exposed to microwave power

densities in excess of those specified in reference (e).
c. Appropriate precautions shall be taken per

environmental, safety and health policy and guidance for the
non-beam hazards in laser installations that may arise from the
following:
2 Enclosure (7)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
(1) Electricity;
(2) Cryogenics;
(3) Compressed gas;
(4) Toxic materials;
(5) Noise;
(6) Arc of filament lamps;
(7) Targets that may shatter;
(8) Ionizing radiation;
(9) Incoherent optical and ultraviolet radiation

from laser discharge tubes, flash lamps or laser/target plasmas;
(10) Charged capacitors; and
(11) Flash lamp or capacitor explosion.
d. Proper personnel protection and procedures shall be

provided in the use of cryogenics. Compressed gas bottles shall
be secured. All laser discharge tubes or flash lamps, the laser
target, capacitors, and all elements of the optical train that
may shatter shall be contained. All incidental radiation shall
be adequately shielded. Toxic materials shall be so marked and
adequately controlled. Smoking, eating, or drinking in laser
work areas shall be prohibited.
4. Training for Operators/Maintainers
a. All personnel in areas using class 3B or class 4 lasers

and all personnel using class 3a or class 3R force-on-force
lasers shall receive annual training about the potential hazard
associated with accidental exposure to this form of radiation.
In particular, the extraordinary danger of eye damage due to
focusing and absorption by the eyes shall be emphasized. Class
3B and class 4 lasers may also cause skin damage or damage to
material by fire or explosion due to rapid heating from a
focused beam. Initial safety training and refresher training
shall be appropriate to the operation. Topics for training
shall include but not be limited to:
3 Enclosure (7)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
(1) Laser fundamentals including associated beam and

non-beam hazards. Include a discussion of the hazards
associated with class 3a laser devices with danger labels or
class 3R lasers.
(2) Standard operating procedures, laser system

specifications, hazard data, and control measures for laser
systems appropriate to the individual’s job to minimize risk of
accidental exposure to personnel.
(3) Manufacturer's operating information, LSRB safety

information and any other safety requirements (to include non-
beam hazards) or procedures specific to the command-used
system(s).
(4) Type of eye protection to be worn and any other

personal protective equipment required.
(5) Review of medical surveillance program/requirements

(reference (m)).
(6) Review of local range standard operating procedures/

regulations (for operators and laser range personnel).
(7) Review of maintenance precautions/requirements (for

personnel conducting maintenance on laser devices that
potentially exposes them or other personnel to the beam).
b. Other topics should be at the discretion of the

supervisor in conjunction with the LSSO and may consist of
information interchange seminars between laser users on the
usefulness of existing safety procedures, information on
recently discovered hazards/hazardous materials or suggestions
for new safety devices.
5. Laser, Associated Support Equipment, and Facilities Design

Safety Features
a. Each laser, regardless of class, must have protective

housings to prevent excessive optical and X-radiation. All
laser protective housings must be interlocked. When the
protective housing containing the laser beam is not interlocked
or has defeatable interlocks, a warning sign must be provided
stating "CAUTION” or “DANGER" (depending on the internal laser
classification) with additional information concerning the
hazard involved.
4 Enclosure (7)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
b. Other laser safety requirements include an emission

indicator that provides a visible signal when viewed through
protective goggles, or an audible warning signal during laser
radiation emission in excess of the maximum allowable safe
limits. The warning signal must not cause personnel to
inadvertently look into the laser beam or reflected radiation
from the target. Personnel should be made aware of the meaning
of this emission indicator. Each class 3B or class 4 laser must
be supplied with a beam attenuator capable of preventing unsafe
levels of laser radiation. This attenuator shall be used
whenever possible especially during maintenance. Class 3B and
class 4 laser area access should be interlocked with the laser
system to prevent accidental radiation of personnel. Where this
is not feasible, a Nominal Hazard Zone (NHZ) may be defined and
enforced instead of interlocking entrances to general laser work
areas. The use of electric eyes and warning alarms is
recommended to assist in policing the perimeter of the NHZ.
c. All non-exempted lasers to be used by the military or on

a military installation must be designed and built per reference
(a). Associated support equipment, facilities, protective
eyewear, and operating and maintenance procedures shall be per
reference (b), manufacturer instructions, and LSRB requirements,
where applicable. All optical fiber communication systems shall
include the requirements of reference (p). All military exempt
lasers, their associated support equipment, facilities, and eye
protection shall be designed and constructed per enclosure (2).
6. Construction Lasers. In addition to the general rules,

follow Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulations
of reference (d) for lasers used in construction.
5 Enclosure (7)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
LASER FIRING LOG
Command
____________________________________________________________
Range
____________________________________________________________
Date
____________________________________________________________
System
____________________________________________________________
User
____________________________________________________________
Mission Commander
____________________________________________________________
Firing # Time Target Location Firing

Position/Heading
_________________ ___________________ ________________
_________________ ___________________ ________________
_________________ ___________________ ________________
_________________ ___________________ ________________
_________________ ___________________ ________________
_________________ ___________________ ________________
_________________ ___________________ ________________
_________________ ___________________ ________________
_________________ ___________________ ________________
_________________ ___________________ ________________
Figure 7-1. Sample Laser Firing Log
6 Enclosure (7)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
BLACK
LASER BLACK LETTERS
KNOCK BEFORE ENTERING

RED SYMBOL
Laser Maintenance Area Warning Sign
[Source: ANSI Z136.1, Safe Use of Lasers]
Figure 7-2. Example of a Laser Maintenance Area Warning Sign
7 Enclosure (7)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
BLACK
BLACK LETTERS
DO NOT ENTER
RED SYMBOL
Laser Range Warning Sign
Available at: https://navalforms.daps.dla.mil

Stock Number: 0118LF0201100
Form Number: NAVSEA 1995/17
Figure 7-3. Example of a Laser Range Warning Sign
8 Enclosure (7)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR MILITARY LASER RANGES
1. Introduction. All laser device/system control requirements

of enclosures (6) and (7) apply in addition to the following
range-specific information.
2. General
a. Range safety personnel with laser safety training and

experience appropriate to the exercise or operation shall be
present during all laser operations.
b. When ground positions are designating for aircraft, an

aircraft exclusion zone shall be established that is centered on
the ground-lasing position to the target. The exclusion zone
shall be, at a minimum, a 20-degree safety cone around the
firing point extending back from the target to the firing point.
c. During airborne laser operations, personnel in the

lasing aircraft must wear laser protective eyewear in single
aircraft laser scenarios if there is a possibility of retro-
reflectors or other flat specular reflectors in the target area
and within one-half the nominal ocular hazard distances from the
aircraft.
d. All personnel in other aircraft that must fly in the

restricted airspace through a defined laser hazard area must
have suitable laser protective eyewear in place during transit
of that hazard area. Note that if more than one aircraft is or
may be lasing during the operation, all personnel in all
aircraft shall wear suitable laser protective eyewear while in
the hazard zone.
e. Class 3B and class 4 laser target designators and

rangefinders shall not be activated until a designated target
has been acquired optically or through a recognized tracking
system (e.g., forward looking infrared or radar). Laser target
locators and illuminators require special care during use to
avoid illuminating non-target areas.
f. No class 3B or class 4 lasers shall be directed above

the horizon unless coordinated with the Federal Aviation
Administration and affected Department of Defense components,
including North American Aerospace Defense Command, CMOC/J3,
Attn: Orbital Safety Officer, Cheyenne Mountain AFS, CO 80914-
6020, Laser Clearinghouse, DSN 268-4416, (719) 474-4416.
Enclosure (8)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
g. All ship-towed targets shall adhere to requirements of

reference (j).
3. Range Certification. Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC),

Dahlgren Division, NSWC Corona Division, or an Administrative
Lead Agent/Lead Navy Technical Laboratory-certified Range Laser
Safety Specialist(RLSS) shall perform complete laser radiation
hazard surveys and evaluations of laser ranges to determine the
degree of laser radiation hazard and to recommend proper
controls. These hazard surveys and evaluations shall be
performed on all new laser ranges, whenever changes to the range
invalidates the current certification and every 3 years. Copies
of all range certifications shall be forwarded to NSWC Corona.
Additionally, laser facilities and laser ranges shall receive
local safety compliance inspections annually by a technical
laser safety officer, laser safety specialist or RLSS.
4. Range Regulations/Range Standard Operating Procedures (SOP).

Every laser range complex shall develop and maintain a range
SOP. The SOP should contain, at a minimum, a description of the
authorized firing points, run-in headings, altitude
restrictions, firing fans, and other control measures and
restrictions for the range.
5. Laser System Safety Officer/Command Responsibilities
a. The Range Laser Safety Officer (RLSO) for the hosting

range complex shall:
(1) Ensure requesting unit has a certified Laser System

Safety Officer (LSSO) coordinating the test/training operation.
The LSSO need not be on scene if a trained laser supervisor is
present.
(2) Provide the local range regulations/standard

operating procedures to the LSSO of the requesting unit.
(3) Review proposed laser range operations plan or test

plan to ensure compliance with current certification and local
regulations and standard operating procedures.
(4) Ensure a laser safety inspection of the range is

completed prior to its use (e.g., signs are posted, area is
clear of specular reflectors, laser eye protection is available,
etc.).
2 Enclosure (8)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
(5) Ensure only tactics authorized within the scope of

the range certification and only Laser Safety Review Board-
approved laser systems are used for the operation/
exercise/test.
b. The command requesting use of the laser range shall:
(1) Review host range complex range regulations/SOP.
(2) Provide a range use operations plan/test plan to

RLSO that includes:
(a) Name and date of qualification of the command

LSSO;
(b) Laser devices to be used;
(c) Laser device firing points, firing areas, or

firing lines;
(d) Targets to be used/target areas to be used;
(e) Ground personnel locations (indicating those

requiring laser eye protection);
(f) Laser eye protection to be used (if applicable);
(g) Aircraft run-in headings (if applicable);
(h) Ship heading for towed target operations (if

applicable);
(i) Laser mode(s)/tactics to be employed (e.g.,

force-on-force, designation, rangefinding, offset lasing, high
altitude release bomb, etc.);
(j) Hazard areas to be cleared of non-operating

personnel (roadblock locations, if required);
(k) Types of surveillance to be used to ensure a

clear range; and
(l) Radio frequencies (or channels) and standardized

terminology for communication where appropriate.
3 Enclosure (8)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
(3) Ensure all personnel involved in operations receive

an appropriate pre-mission brief to include:
(a) Authorized tactics, firing positions, firing

fans, and aircraft run-in headings (as appropriate);
(b) Drawings, photographs, descriptions or grid

points of authorized targets;
(c) Communication procedures that include specific

frequencies (or channels), controlling authorities, and
standardized terminology;
(d) Acquisition, identification, and tracking

procedures for targets are established prior to laser
activation;
(e) Missile/ordnance mode of operation (as

appropriate for live fire operations);
(f) Requirements for beam termination;
(g) Control measures to minimize the risk of

unauthorized personnel or aircraft entering the range area;
(h) Type of eye protection to be worn (if

applicable);
(i) Potential hazards posed by the laser system

(e.g., phantom targeting and backscatter); the target area,
maintenance area, etc.; types of warning signs to be posted; and
specific procedures to avoid these hazards (as appropriate); and
(j) Conduct and brief the hazard assessment plan per

OPNAVINST 3500.39B (reference (i)).
(4) Ensure appropriate laser eye protection is provided

and worn by all personnel within the laser hazard zone.
(5) Ensure all aspects of the range regulations/standard

operating procedures are adhered to during the operation/
exercise/test.
4 Enclosure (8)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
LABORATORY LASER USE AND LASER MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
1. General. Use of all class 3B and class 4 lasers in

laboratory settings and all lasers requiring maintenance that
could expose personnel to laser radiation exceeding the Maximum
Permissible Exposure (MPE) shall adhere to the requirements in
reference (o) and enclosures (6) and (7). Additionally, the
requirements of this enclosure apply:
2. Laboratory Use of Lasers.
a. At least two people should be present at all times when

operating lasers with accessible high voltage. Where the
operation allows, follow a countdown procedure to minimize
unnecessary potential exposure by forewarning personnel to take
necessary protection from the radiation by donning protective
equipment or moving out of the danger area. Operators shall
verify that conditions are safe before proceeding.
b. Lasers and laser beams should be contained within

suitably controlled equipment, spaces, or ranges. Laser beams
emitted by an unenclosed system must be terminated at the end of
the useful beam path if the exposure level is greater than the
MPE. The backstop shall be of material that absorbs or blocks
the particular wavelength and shall not burn or emit toxic
products when irradiated. Special care in absorbing and
containing the laser radiation must be taken especially when the
laser is emitting energy in the ultraviolet or infrared portions
of the spectrum where the observer might receive damage to the
eyes without being aware of the direct radiation or its
reflection. Laser controls must be located to prevent operator
exposure to unsafe levels of radiation. Care should be taken to
block all extraneous radiation such as that reflected or
refracted from materials used to interact with laser beams.
c. Reflecting surfaces that are not specifically approved

for use in the exercise, such as mirrors, bottles, windows,
shiny metal, plexiglas, or other surfaces that have a high
coefficient of specular reflection shall be eliminated from the
beam path or shall be faced and surrounded with diffuse
absorbing substances to absorb the energy prior to operations.
Personnel working in the vicinity of laser beams shall not wear
jewelry such as watches or tie clasps that could act as specular
reflectors.
Enclosure (9)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
d. Laboratory laser operating procedures shall be posted

outside each entrance to the area where lasers are operated or
maintained. The standard operating procedure shall address,
where feasible, each laser used therein by name and shall
include:
(1) Lasers authorized;
(2) Normal operations;
(3) Entry restrictions;
(4) Types of protective eyewear required (wavelength and

optical density);
(5) Startup safety requirements (types and locations of

beam stops, countdown procedures, area clearance procedures,
warning lights activated outside and inside the area, etc.);
(6) Emergency shutdown procedures for fire, rescue, and

security personnel in case of emergency. (NOTE: This
information should be on file with fire, rescue, and security
personnel as well.);
(7) Conditions for unattended operation if permitted by

the Laser System Safety Officer (LSSO);
(8) Exact hazardous material allowed and conditions of

permitted use, including personal protective equipment, fire
fighting equipment, ventilation requirements, storage
containers, allowed amounts, and emergency response procedures;
(9) Specific prohibitions (e.g., no smoking or flames,

no eating or drinking); and
(10) Requirement for two persons to be present during

operations for emergency assistance where deemed necessary by
the LSSO.
3. Laser Maintenance. Some lasers classified as class 1, 2,

3a, or 3R may contain an embedded class 3B or class 4 laser that
changes the class when attenuator, panels, or protective
housings are removed for servicing and maintenance.
2 Enclosure (9)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
a. General
(1) During maintenance, hazardous levels of laser

radiation shall be confined to prevent exposure of unprotected
personnel. Such confinement may consist of:
(a) An enclosure which safely confines the radiation

with no specular (mirror-like) reflections, and is adequately
interlocked or guarded and provided with exterior warning lights
(as appropriate) and warning signs similar to figure 7-2;
(b) An output lens cap that safely confines the

radiation; and
(c) When removal of panels, attenuator, or

protective housings; overriding of protective housing
interlocks; or entry into the nominal hazard zone leads to
accessible laser radiation exceeding the MPE, a temporary laser
controlled area with the signs and precautions appropriate to
the class 3B or class 4 laser shall be devised. Additionally, a
cap shall be provided to cover the laser radiation exit port to
prevent undesired or unauthorized external radiation.
(2) Maintenance protocols shall be posted in and around

the controlled area where personnel could be exposed to laser
radiation in excess of the MPE. Maintenance protocols shall
include:
(a) Laser device and its hazard parameters;
(b) Authorized protective eye wear; and
(c) Procedures in the event of laser over exposure

(to include points of contacts with verified phone numbers and
procedures to shut down the laser).
(3) All safety devices including cutouts and eyewear

shall be checked and maintained on a regular basis.
(4) All electrical safety precautions of references (e)

and (f), the Interactive Electronic Technician Manual for Navy
Installation and Maintenance Books, N0002400003, Occupational
Safety and Health Administration standards 29 Code of Federal
Regulations Parts 1910, 1915, and 1926 shall be strictly
enforced, especially in the use of grounding rods to discharge
3 Enclosure (9)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
capacitors and the two-person rule (where two persons are

cardiopulmonary resuscitation trained).
(5) Precautions and protection shall be provided against

noise in excess of 84 decibels(A), radiation, hazardous material
such as some lens coatings and connector compounds, toxic or
inert gases, cryogenics, mechanical hazards, radiation through
viewing ports, and other recognized hazards.
b. Optical Fiber Communication Systems (OFCS). OFCS that

contain lasers shall be considered enclosed systems as long as
the laser remains fully attached to the cable and the radiation
output is confined within a cable system. Any laser fiber optic
connector that is not inside a secured equipment enclosure shall
be labeled with the caution or danger appropriate to the laser
and shall require a tool to be disconnected. While no tool for
disconnection is required when the connector is located inside a
secured equipment enclosure, caution or danger signs appropriate
to the class of the laser shall be located near the connectors
and shall be visible when the enclosure is open. The local LSSO
shall ensure that the following general rules are applied when
servicing OFCSs:
(1) Detachable components and connectors are labeled;
(2) Continuity with an optical test set has been

verified; and
(3) Employees’ laser hazard training includes the

potential hazards associated with looking into broken or
disconnected cables.
4 Enclosure (9)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
EXAMPLE OF MILITARY EXEMPT LASER INVENTORY FORMAT
From:
To: Chief, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery (M3B4)
Subj: EXEMPT LASER INVENTORY REPORT FOR FY
INSTRUCTIONS: Lasers should be grouped. All lasers included on

one entry sheet must have identical characteristics, i.e., same
contract number, same National Stock Number (NSN), same
function, same delivery date, same disposal date, etc. Only
their serial numbers and plant account numbers can be different.
List beginning and ending serial/plant account numbers for
continuous sequences. If classified, any field except contract
number may be left blank for reasons of national security.
System Name___________________________ AN/__________
Type__________________ Class__________
Manufacturer___________________________
Approved by LSRB? (Y)__ (N)__ If no,

explain___________________________________________________
Exemption Qualification (Check applicable spaces)

Combat__________ Training__________ Classified__________
Optional: Contract Number___________________________
Total to date in this contract___________________________
NSN___________________________ Serial
Numbers______________________
STATUS
Subtotals should add up to quantity possessed. Disposed lasers shall be

maintained as a separate part of the inventory. Lost lasers shall be
reported immediately to the administrative lead agent (ALA).
Quantity Possessed __________
Subtotals: In use______ Repair______ Storage______ Await Disposal______
Laser Location(s) _____________________________________________________
Custodian Name(s)________________________________________
Phone____________________ Signature(s)___________________________
____________________________
Enclosure (10)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
EXAMPLE OF NON-MILITARY EXEMPT CLASS 3B AND CLASS 4 LASER

INVENTORY FORMAT
From:
To: Chief, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery (M3B4)
Subj: CLASS 3B AND CLASS 4 LASER INVENTORY REPORT FOR FY
Laser Name__________________________________
Type_____________________________
Wavelength_____________ Max. Output________________
Pulse or continuous wave (CW) ____________ Class__________
Program/User/Custodian
Name(s)________________________________________
Phone____________________
Location(s)_____________________________________________________
Use(s)__________________________________________________________
Optional: Manufacturer___________________________
Contract Number___________________________
NSN___________________________
Plant Account Numbers___________________________
Serial Number(s)___________________________
Signature(s)__________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
Enclosure (11)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
LASER SAFETY REQUIREMENTS SUMMARY
All lasers used in combat, Other lasers

LASER SAFETY REQUIREMENTS SUMMARY combat training and
classified in the interest
of national security
X – shall All Locations Indoor Lab/Test Range
O – should
blank – not required 1/1M 2/2M 3a/3R 3B 4 1/1M 2/2M 3a/3R¹ 3B 4 3B 4
OPNAVINST 5100.23G (ashore)2/OPNAVINST 5100.19E2
X X X X X X X X X X X X
(afloat)/This instruction
SECNAVINST 5100.14D X X X X X
LSRB APPROVAL X X X X X O O O O O X X
21 CFR (FDA REGISTERED) X X X X X X X
LASER SAFETY DESIGN REQUIREMENT CHECKLIST ADAPTED
X X X X X
FROM MIL-STD-1425A
MAINTAIN INVENTORY X X X X X X X X X
APPROVAL FOR DISPOSAL FROM ADMINISTRATIVE LEAD
X X X X X
AGENT (ALA)
T&E BY LNTL X X X X X O O O O O X X
CONTRACTING OFFICER NOTIFY CONTRACTOR CONCERNING
X X X X X
EXEMPTION AND LABELING PER ENCL (3)
CAUTION LABEL
X X
PER ANSI Z136.1
DANGER LABEL
X X X
PER ANSI Z136.1
CAUTION LABEL
PER 21 CFR X X
DANGER LABEL PER 21 CFR X X X X X
USER TRAINING
Read manufacturer literature X X X X X X X X X X X X
and labeling
Formal safety specific training X X X X X X
with demo/military video
LASER SYSTEM SAFETY OFFICER ASSIGNED & TRAINED X X X X X X X X X
LASER INST PROMULGATED X X X X X X
MIL-HDBK-828A X X X X X X X
1 For lasers that exceed class 3a or class 3R limits for aided viewing additional requirements may apply
2
Required for Navy commands
Enclosure (12)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008
RESTRICTIONS
Class 1 Class 2 Class 3a Lasers Class 3a Lasers

Lasers Lasers with CAUTION LABEL with DANGER LABEL
and Class 1M and 2M and Class 3R Lasers
Lasers¹
None during Caution Caution label on Danger label on
operation. label and laser and laser and
prohibition prohibition against prohibition against
against staring into beam looking into beam
staring or viewing with or viewing with
into beam. optical aids. optical aids.
¹Note: Class 1M and class 2M laser when viewed with magnifying optics may
reach class 3B or class 4 hazard levels.
RESTRICTIONS AT LABORATORIES AND TEST FACILITIES
Class 3B Lasers Class 4 Lasers

Danger sign and warning light or Same as Class 3B.
other indicator on laser and lab
entrance.
Elimination of all unnecessary Removal of hazardous diffuse
specular reflectors from beam reflectors.
path and insertion of beam stops
around all remaining specular
reflectors.
Beam stops or enclosed beam Nonflammable stops where
path. necessary.
Safety procedures for operations Skin protection when necessary.
and maintenance posted or on
hand.
Flat paint on surfaces (walls, Special precautions for high
etc.). energy.
Adequate illumination
appropriate to the task.
Protective eyewear at the
specific wavelength and proper
optical density (OD).
(Unnecessary and unsafe use of
protective eyewear shall be
avoided.)
Protective eyewear training,
inspection, and replacement
program in place.
2 Enclosure (12)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008

Entrance interlocks if beam is
not enclosed (interlocks may
insert beam stop over exit port
of laser or disconnect power to
laser.) or if other
electrical/chemical/physical
hazards exist to entrants.
Other techniques such as door
locks (doors should open for
emergency egress and during
power loss.), entry alarms,
entrance sentries, beam
controls, etc., when approved by
the Laser System Safety Officer
(LSSO).
Emergency shutdown switch per
enclosure (2).
Key lock master switch.
See section 7 of American
National Standard Institute
Z136.1, paragraph 5 and
enclosure (2) for more details.
RESTRICTIONS AT RANGES1

Laser safety survey and Same as Class 3B and:
certification by trained and
qualified range laser safety
specialist, the lead Navy technical
laboratory, or Naval Surface
Warfare Center Corona
Survey and recertification required Elimination of hazardous
every 3 years or after each range diffuse reflectors
modification.
Danger warning signs posted per Nonflammable absorbing beam
this instruction at range stops where necessary.
boundaries and entrances and at the
laser.
Barricades with DANGER/WARNING Skin protection where
signs on access roads to target necessary.
area.
3 Enclosure (12)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008

Target area, buffer zone, and Special precautions for high
nonreflecting beam stop assigned energy sources.
for each specific laser.
Target area and targets free of
specular reflectors.
Protective eyewear at the specific
wavelengths and proper OD on
personnel in restricted areas
(target area and buffer zone).2
Protective eyewear training,
inspection, and replacement program
in place.
Range log of time, date, and
heading of laser firing.
Adequate area surveillance.
Two-way communications between
range safety officer, laser
personnel, and restricted area
personnel.
Target in cross hairs on laser
sight before lasing.
Lasing ceased when directed by
range control or if unable to keep
target in sights.
A clearing pass by aircraft before
lasing or other suitable means, as
determined by the range laser
system safety officer, of insuring
range is clear.
Restricted airspace and time
established where laser radiation
is potentially in flight path of
aircraft or satellites.
Safe flight profile of allowed
laser operating altitudes,
headings, and distances from target
maintained by lasing aircraft.
Area of restriction established for
other aircraft within the nominal
hazard distance of the laser.
Personnel in other aircraft in the
restricted cone around the laser
line of sight having eye protection
of proper OD and wavelength.
4 Enclosure (12)
OPNAVINST 5100.27B
MCO 5104.1C
2 May 2008

For ground laser operations,
assurance that all unprotected
personnel are behind the laser and
are not within the buffer zone
anywhere along the laser line of
sight, or between the laser and
target or between target and
backstop.
Presence of range safety personnel
with appropriate laser safety
training and experience during all
laser operations.
All range personnel involved with
laser operations trained in laser
safety.
A medical surveillance program in
place per BUMEDINST 6470.23 series.
Only lasers approved by the Navy
LSRB in use.
Range adequately controlled to
prevent unauthorized entry.
1
Comply with MIL-HDBK-828A.
2
Enclosure 6, provides background
5 Enclosure (12)

Opnav Instruction 5100.27b

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Opnav Instruction 5100.27b

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DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONS

HEADQUARTERS UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS

From: Chief of Naval Operations

Subj: NAVY LASER HAZARDS CONTROL PROGRAM

Ref: (a) 21 CFR 1040, Performance Standard for Light Emitting

(r) SECNAV M-5210.2, Department of the Navy Standard

Encl: (1) Laser System Safety Officer Training Requirements

1. Purpose. To prescribe Navy and Marine Corps policy and

2. Cancellation. OPNAVINST 5100.27A/MCO 5104.1B.

3. Background. The widespread use of lasers in both commercial

4. Scope. The provisions of this directive are mandatory for

laser radiation and other high-energy laser systems are subject

a. Administrative Laser Safety Officer (ALSO). One who has

b. Laser. An acronym for light amplification by stimulated

c. Laser Classifications. There are four laser hazard

d. Laser Safety Specialist (LSS). One who has successfully

e. Laser System Safety Officer (LSSO). A generic term used

functioning as an ALSO, TLSO, LSS or Range Laser Safety

f. Military Exempt Lasers. Lasers designed for actual

g. Nominal Hazard Zone (NHZ). The volume of space within

h. Range Laser Safety Officer (RLSO). One who has

i. Range Laser Safety Specialist (RLSS). One who has

j. Technical Laser System Safety Officer (TLSO). One who

k. All other terms relating to lasers shall be those given

6. Policy. Department of the Navy (DON) policy is to identify

also to ensure that personnel are not exposed to laser radiation

a. Administrative Lead Agent (ALA). The Bureau of Medicine

(1) Act as the primary point of contact and authority

(2) Represent the DON in tri-service and other inter-

(3) Establish laser safety policy and guidance for the

(4) Perform the duties of secretariat for the Navy LSRB

(5) Coordinate with the LSRB chair to schedule requested

(6) Act as the approval authority for the disposal of

(7) Maintain documentation of all Navy and Marine Corps

(8) Report all Navy initiated requests for disposal and

Secretary of the Navy (Installations and Environment)

(9) Advise DUSD (ES) via ASN(I&E) of any substantial

(10) Maintain a current database of ALSOs, TLSOs, LSSs,

(11) Establish and publish Navy laser safety design

(12) Review the ALSO, TLSO, LSS, and RLSS training

(13) Review personnel and agency qualification to

(14) Maintain a list of current LSRB membership.

b. Technical Lead Agent (TLA). Reference (c) designates

(1) Conduct laser safety surveys, measurements, and

(2) Represent the DON in tri-service and other

(3) Maintain membership on national and international

(5) Evaluate laser protective devices via the Naval Air

(6) Review for approval (in conjunction with the ALA)

(7) Ensure that LNTL personnel evaluating lasers are

c. Laser Safety Review Board (LSRB). The LSRB is an

(1) The LSRB consists of a permanent and alternate

(2) Enclosures (3) and (4) provide procedures used by

(3) If any facility (including research and development)

guidance, the facility shall adhere to the decisions and

(4) LSRB approval is limited solely to the laser/laser

d. Laser System Acquisition Agent. Commanders of all

(1) Apply system safety methods per reference (h)

(2) Review the purpose of proposed lasers to determine

(3) Grant exemptions from reference (a) and impose

(4) Ensure that class 3B and class 4 lasers and laser

(5) Ensure that the LNTL participates in design reviews,

(6) Provide the LSRB chair and secretariat safety test