7.

3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment Distributed Load

Consider beam AD subjected to an arbitrary load w = w !" and a series o# concentrated #orces and moments Distributed load assumed $ositi%e when loadin& acts downwards

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Distributed Load
A '(D dia&ram #or a small se&ment o# the beam ha%in& a len&th )! is chosen at $oint ! alon& the beam which is not subjected to a concentrated #orce or cou$le moment Any results obtained will not a$$ly at $oints o# concentrated loadin&s

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Distributed Load
*he internal shear #orce and bendin& moments shown on the '(D are assumed to act in the $ositi%e sense (oth the shear #orce and moment actin& on the ri&ht+hand #ace must be increased by a small, #inite amount in order to ,ee$ the se&ment in e-uilibrium

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Distributed Load
*he distributed loadin& has been re$laced by a resultant #orce )' = w !" )! that acts at a #ractional distance , )!" #rom the ri&ht end, where . / , /0

+ Fy = 0;V w( x)x (V + V ) = 0 V = w( x)x M = 0;Vx M + w( x)x[k (x )] + ( M + M ) = 0 M = Vx w( x)k (x)

2

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Distributed Load
dV = w(x) dx
Slo$e o# the shear dia&ram = 1e&ati%e o# distributed load intensity

dM =V dx
Slo$e o# = Shear moment dia&ram

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Distributed Load
At a s$eci#ied $oint in a beam, the slo$e o# the shear dia&ram is e-ual to the intensity o# the distributed load Slo$e o# the moment dia&ram = shear 2# the shear is e-ual to 3ero, dM4d! = ., a $oint o# 3ero shear corres$onds to a $oint o# ma!imum or $ossibly minimum" moment w !" d! and 5 d! re$resent di##erential area under the distributed loadin& and shear dia&rams

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Distributed Load
VBC = w( x)dx

Chan&e in = shear

Area under shear dia&ram

M BC = Vdx

Chan&e in = moment

Area under shear dia&ram

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Distributed Load
Chan&e in shear between $oints ( and C is e-ual to the ne&ati%e o# the area under the distributed+loadin& cur%e between these $oints Chan&e in moment between ( and C is e-ual to the area under the shear dia&ram within re&ion (C *he e-uations so not a$$ly at $oints where concentrated #orce or cou$le moment acts

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

'orce
'(D o# a small se&ment o# the beam + Fy = 0; V = F Chan&e in shear is ne&ati%e thus the shear will jum$ downwards when ' acts downwards on the beam

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

'orce
'(D o# a small se&ment o# the beam located at the cou$le moment

M = 0; M = M O
Chan&e in moment is $ositi%e or the moment dia&ram will jum$ u$wards M6 is cloc,wise

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

7!am$le 7.8 Draw the shear and moment dia&rams #or the beam.

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution Su$$ort Reactions '(D o# the beam

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution Shear Dia&ram 5 = 90... at ! = . 5 = . at ! = : Since d54d! = +w = +;.., a strai&ht ne&ati%e slo$in& line connects the end $oints

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution Moment Dia&ram M = +0... at ! = . M = . at ! = : dM4d! = 5, $ositi%e yet linearly decreasin& #rom dM4d! = 0... at ! = . to dM4d! = . at ! = :

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

7!am$le 7.0. Draw the shear and moment dia&rams #or the cantile%ered beam.

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution Su$$ort Reactions '(D o# the beam

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution At the ends o# the beams, when ! = ., 5 = 90.<. when ! = :, 5 = 9=.. >ni#orm load is downwards and slo$e o# the shear dia&ram is constant d54d! = +w = + ?.. #or . @ ! @ 0.: *he abo%e re$resents a chan&e in shear

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution

V = w( x)dx = 400(1.2) = 480 V

x =1.2

=V

x =0

+ (480) = 1080 480 = 600

Also, by Method o# Sections, #or e-uilibrium,

V = +600
Chan&e in shear = area under the load dia&ram at ! = 0.:, 5 = 9=..

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution Since the load between 0.: @ ! @ :, w = ., slo$e d54d! = ., at ! = :, 5 = 9=.. Shear Dia&ram

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution At the ends o# the beams, when ! = ., M = +0;<< when ! = :, M = +0.. 7ach %alue o# shear &i%es the slo$e o# the moment dia&ram since dM4d! = 5 at ! = ., dM4d! = 90.<. at ! = 0.:, dM4d! = 9=.. 'or . @ ! @ 0.:, %alues o# the shear dia&ram are $ositi%e but linearly increasin&

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution Moment dia&ram is $arabolic with a linearly decreasin& $ositi%e slo$e Moment Dia&ram

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution Ma&nitude o# moment at ! = 0.: = +;<. *ra$e3oidal area under the shear dia&ram = chan&e in moment

M = Vdx 1 = 600(1.2) + (1080 600)(1.2) = +1008 2 M x =1.2 = M x =0 + 1008 = 1588 + 1008 = 580

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution (y Method o# Sections, at ! = 0.:, M = +;<.

Moment dia&ram has a constant slo$e #or 0.: @ ! @ : since dM4d! = 5 = 9=.. Aence, at ! = :, M = +0..

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

7!am$le 7.00 Draw the shear and moment dia&rams #or the sha#t. *he su$$ort at A is a thrust bearin& and the su$$ort at ( is a journal bearin&.

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution Su$$ort Reactions '(D o# the su$$orts

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution At the ends o# the beams, when ! = ., 5 = 93.; when ! = <, 5 = +3.; Shear Dia&ram

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution 1o distributed load on the sha#t, slo$e d54d! = + w=. Discontinuity or Bjum$C o# the shear dia&ram at each concentrated #orce Chan&e in shear ne&ati%e when the #orce acts downwards and $ositi%e when the #orce acts u$wards : ,1 #orce at ! = :m chan&es the shear #rom 3.;,1 to 0.;,1 3 ,1 #orce at ! = ?m chan&es the shear #rom 0.;,1 to +0.;,1

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution (y Method o# Sections, ! = :m and 5 = 0.;,1

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution At the ends o# the beams, when ! = ., M = . when ! = <, M = . Moment Dia&ram

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution Area under the shear dia&ram = chan&e in moment

M = Vdx = 3.5(2) = 7 M
x=2

=M

x =0

+7 = 0+7 = 7

Also, by Method o# Sections,

x = 2m, M = 7 kN .m

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

7!am$le 7.0: Draw the shear and moment dia&rams #or the beam.

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution Su$$ort Reactions '(D o# the beam

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution At A, reaction is u$, %A = 90..,1 1o load acts between A and C so shear remains constant, d54d! = +w !" = . =..,1 #orce acts downwards, so the shear jum$s down =..,1 #rom 0..,1 to +;..,1 at $oint ( 1o jum$ occur at $oint D where the ?...,1.m cou$e moment is a$$lied since )5 = .

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution Shear Dia&ram

Slo$e o# moment #rom A to C is constant since dM4d! = 5 = 90..

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution Moment Dia&ram

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution Determine moment at C by Method o# Sections where MC = 90...,1 or by com$utin& area under the moment )MAC = 0..,1" 0.m" = 0...,1

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution Since MA = ., MC = . 9 0...,1.m = 0...,1.m 'rom C to D, slo$e, dM4d! = 5 = +;.. 'or area under the shear dia&ram between C and D, )MCD = +;..,1" ;m" = +:;..,1, so that MD = MC 9 )MCD = 0... D :;.. = +0;..,1.m Eum$ at $oint D caused by concentrated cou$le moment o# ?...,1.m Fositi%e jum$ #or cloc,wise cou$le moment

7.3 Relations between Distributed Load, Shear and Moment

Solution At ! = 0;m, MD = + 0;.. 9 ?... = :;..,1.m Also, by Method o# Sections, #rom $oint D, slo$e dM4d! = +;.. is maintained until the dia&ram closes to 3ero at (