ISSN 2051-7793

BMT Abstracts

International Maritime Technology

Volume 68 Number 9 September 2013

Abstract Numbers 2013092001 - 2013092250

BMT ABSTRACTS
Volume 68, Number 9, September 2013 Abstracts 2013092001-2013092250

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Abstracts 2013092001-2013092250 Volume 68 No 9 September 2013

CONTENTS
Page No.

1.

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

1.1 1.2 1.3 Ship/structure description Design Shipbuilding technology/constructional techniques 703 705 713

2.

OPERATION
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 Power sources and fuels Equipment and installations Maintenance, repair and conversion Cargoes and cargo handling Ports and waterways Coastal/offshore engineering and marine renewable energy Safety at sea Environmental protection General operation 714 717 717 718 718 720 728 735 736

3.

FLUID MECHANICS
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 General hydrodynamics, hydraulics and oceanography Resistance and propulsive performance Motion, seakeeping and manoeuvring Fluid structure interaction Aerodynamics and wind engineering Fundamental fluid mechanics 742 743 756 764 775 777

4.

STRUCTURES AND MATERIALS

4.1 4.2 4.3 Structural response Properties of materials Corrosion and fouling 777 783 786 788 789 A-1 S-1 K-1

5.
6.

NAVAL VESSELS AND DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY MISCELLANEOUS AUTHOR INDEX SHIP AND STRUCTURE INDEX KEYWORD INDEX

1.1 SHIP/STRUCTURE DESCRIPTION

2013092001 Oblique outlook. Offshore Marine Technology, 3rd Quarter 2012, p 24 [2 p, 2 fig] http://www.rina.org.uk/omt.html No author given English The Russian Ministry of Transport has ordered an oblique icebreaker tug which will be assembled by two shipbuilders, both of which fall under the auspices of the Russian state-owned ship construction specialist United Shipbuilding Corporation. Yantar JSC Shipyard based in Kalingrad, Russia will construct the hull, and Arctech Helsinki Shipyard in Finland will be responsible for finalising the vessel. The vessel has been built to design Aker designer Aker Arctics ARC-100 specifications. One of the 76.4m newbuild tugs unique features will be the incorporation of an asymmetric hull into its design, enabling icebreaking sideways. A general arrangement drawing is included in this article. Icebreaking tugs Vessel descriptions

2013092003 ROYAL PRINCESS. Tecnologie Transporti Mare, v 44 n 3, May-June 2013, p 12 [3 p, 5 fig] http://www.ttmweb.it/ No author given Italian and English This article describes the cruise ship ROYAL PRINCESS, built by Fincantieri, Italy for Princess Cruises. The new flagship has an overall length of 330m, beam of 38.4m, draft of 8.30m, a gross tonnage of 141,000gt and a 3,600 passenger capacity. Cruise ships Vessel descriptions

2013092004 ISLAND CROWN. Shipping World & Shipbuilder, v 213 n 4293, July/August 2013, p 26 [3 p, 5 fig] http://www.imarest.org/GainKnowledge/OurMagazin es/ShippingWorldShipbuilder.aspx No author given English Built at the Vard Brevik shipyard in Norway for Island Offshore, the 97m x 20m UT 776 CD design Island Crown is a purpose built "Walk2Work" Maintenance and Subsea Support Vessel. It will usually spend its time being dynamically positioned and connected to an offshore installation via a telescopic gangway - acting as a hotel for people working on the installation. Island Crown can also carry out a separate set of functions such as subsea construction and Remotely Operated Vehicle operation, and is additionally equipped to transport all the liquid and bulk supplies needed by rigs and platforms. Offshore service vessels Vessel descriptions

2013092002 FD UNTOUCHABLE. Tecnologie Transporti Mare, v 44 n 3, May-June 2013, p 8 [3 p, 5 fig] http://www.ttmweb.it/ No author given Italian and English A new UT-755XLS platform supply vessel, FD UNTOUCHABLE was delivered at the end of May by the Rosetti Marino shipyard in Ravenna, Italy to Naples-based Fratelli DAmato Spa. The vessel has a length of 82m, a breadth of approximately 16m and deadweight of 3400t. The ships propulsion is made up of 2 variable pitch propellers, each with a diameter of approximately 3m and set at the end of shafts driven by 2 General Electric diesel engines producing a total power of 5580 kW (approx. 7600 hp). Peak speed is around 14.0 knots with a cruising range of about 3500 miles. FD UNTOUCHABLE is fitted with a dual-frequency device which enables the ship to reduce fuel consumption by 10% during transfers whilst sailing in 50 Hz mode. Offshore service vessels Vessel descriptions

2013092005 Fitting tribute. Ship & Boat International, July/August 2013, p 16 [2 p, 2 fig] http://www.rina.org.uk/sbi.html No author given English Norwegian Sea Rescue (Redningsselskapet) is set to order a new addition to its fleet of rescue boats, following a donation of NOK20 million from compatriot ship designer Ulstein Group. The planned RS IDAR ULSTEIN is set to feature an overall length 703

ABSTRACTS

of 21.4m, a maximum beam of 6.26m and a moulded depth of 2.45m, with draught amounting to 1.1m. The vessel will be constructed from aluminium and/or sandwich-structure composites to balance strength with reduced weight, and will incorporate a planing monohedron vee-bottom hull, specifically designed to accommodate waterjets. Propulsive power will be supplied by a pair of 1,103kW engines, granting the craft a bollard pull of approximately 9 tonnes and speeds of 35-38 knots. A general arrangement drawing is included in this article. Rescue vessels Vessel descriptions

in the Caspian Sea. The main specifications of TOPAZ DIGNITY are listed in this article and a general arrangement drawing is given. Anchor handling vessels Tugs Vessel descriptions

2013092008 GLADIATOR. Work Boat World, v 31 n 12, March 2013, p 26 [1 p, 2 fig] http://www.bairdmaritime.com/index.php?option=co m_content&view=article&id=141&Itemid=158 No author given English This article, which includes a general arrangement drawing, gives a brief description of GLADIATOR, a 325m length overall tug, built by Bogazici Shipyard, Turkey. The tug has a service speed of 13 knots and a bollard pull ahead of 70.15 tonnes. Tugs Vessel descriptions

2013092006 MACLEOD. Work Boat World, v 31 n 12, March 2013, p 22 [1 p, 5 fig] http://www.bairdmaritime.com/index.php?option=co m_content&view=article&id=141&Itemid=158 No author given English This article gives a brief description of MACLEOD, a Ramparts 3000 series ASD tug built by Uzmar Shipbuilding, Turkey for Rio Tinto Dampier Salt, Australia. Measuring 30.8m in length, the vessel has a beam of 12m and a variable draught of 3.5m-4.7m. A general arrangement drawing is given. Tugs Vessel descriptions

2013092009 NEOPETRO 20. Work Boat World, v 31 n 12, March 2013, p 27 [1 p, 2 fig] http://www.bairdmaritime.com/index.php?option=co m_content&view=article&id=141&Itemid=158 No author given English Malaysia-based shipbuilding Sapor Shipbuilding Industries has recently launched the NEOPETRO 20, a versatile landing craft built for JVC Mega, Malaysia. This article lists the main specifications of the vessel and includes a general arrangement drawing. Landing craft Vessel descriptions

2013092007 TOPAZ DIGNITY. Work Boat World, v 31 n 12, March 2013, p 24 [1 p, 4 fig] http://www.bairdmaritime.com/index.php?option=co m_content&view=article&id=141&Itemid=158 No author given English The 67.4m AHTS vessel TOPAZ DIGNITY and sister TOPAZ TRIUMPH were built Topaz Marine Engineering, UAE and will be operated by Topaz Marine on behalf of BP on a long term contract basis

704

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2013092010 HOOGVLIET. Work Boat World, v 31 n 12, March 2013, p 28 [1 p, 4 fig] http://www.bairdmaritime.com/index.php?option=co m_content&view=article&id=141&Itemid=158 No author given English The combi-freighter HOOGVLIET was built by Damen Shipyards, the Netherlands for Dutch owner Beheemaatschappil. Based on the Damen Combi Freighter 3850 design, HOOGVLIET measures 88.6m in length overall, with a beam of 12.6m and a draught of 5.4m. The carrier was developed for transport of smaller vessels and work boats, oversized cargo, project cargo, containers or bulk products. A general arrangement drawing is included in this article. Multipurpose cargo ships Vessel descriptions

1.2 DESIGN
2013092012 A study of CFD modelling variations for numerical underwater noise prediction. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 3 ref, 4 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_cortona .pdf Kellett, P., Turan, O., Incecik, A. English Numerical approaches to hydroacoustic modelling are a relatively new area of research, and different techniques are still being developed. This study forms a part of a larger project aiming to design a numerical noise prediction model which can be used to predict the noise of a new build vessel to a suitable degree of accuracy, in the design stages. The investigations discussed inform how the final model will work, and what will be incorporated in it, and also the levels of error to be expected when using alternative approaches. The resulting model should be reliable and provide suitably accurate results, whilst minimising computational time and complexity, and hence cost. This work is carried out using CDAdapco's StarCCM+ CFD package, which has a builtin acoustic model, in the form of the FfowcsWilliams Hawkings (F-WH) equation. The F-WH equation uses generalized functions to extend the application of Lighthill's Acoustic Analogy, which is originally used to predict the aerodynamic noise generated by rotating bodies such as helicopter rotors and fan blades. More recently this equation has also been applied to operations in other fluids, namely water, for the noise generated by marine propellers. In situations where detailed data on the turbulent phenomena in the near-field can be obtained, the FWH equation can also be used for broadband noise prediction. Computational fluid dynamics Noise predictions Underwater acoustics

2013092011 CHOME. Work Boat World, v 31 n 12, March 2013, p 30 [1 p, 2 fig] http://www.bairdmaritime.com/index.php?option=co m_content&view=article&id=141&Itemid=158 No author given English The pusher tug CHOME is described. The vessel was built by Huaxing Shipping, Hong Kong for CPTG Empresas Maritimas, Chile. Measuring 26.5m in length, the vessel has a beam of 11m, a draught of 3.5m and a design depth of 4.5m. CHOME has a maximum speed of 13 knots and bollard pulls of 65 tonnes ahead and 55 tonnes astern. A general arrangement drawing is given. Tugs Vessel descriptions

ABSTRACTS

705

2013092013 Investigations of design criteria for ships with split-stern by RANS. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 12 ref, 7 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_cortona .pdf Sakamoto, N., Kawanami, Y., Uto, S. English The National Maritime Research Institute (NMRI) in Japan has been investigating twin-skeg ships which can contribute to meeting the IMO Energy Efficiency Design Index regulations by reducing emissions. One representative hull form is the MS791, a 4,000 twenty-foot equivalent unit (TEU) twin-skeg container ship with an electrical propulsion system supported by two off-centred podded propulsors. Such a configuration makes it possible to search the optimal location of the propeller to minimize effective wake coefficient 1-wT and delivered power PD as well as to maximize hull efficiency H. In terms of hull design, podded propulsors mean that skegs are free from propeller shafts which means that their geometrical design would be much more flexible than those of conventional twin-skeg ships. In order to take this advantage, understanding the relationship between skeg geometry and resistance/selfpropulsion/local flow characteristics of the ship would be quite important for better hull design. The objective of this study is to analyse the resistance and self-propulsion characteristics of MS791 depending on different skeg geometries and to obtain useful information for further investigation of twin-skeg ships with podded propulsors. Viscous Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations for towed and self-propelled conditions of MS791 are performed using Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) solver SURF ver.6.44 (Hino 1997) developed by the NMRI CFD research group. Design criteria Skegs Stern form

2013092014 Study on coupling dynamical theory for interaction of propulsion system and hull of large ships: a review. Journal of Ship Mechanics, v 17 n 4, April 2013, p 439 [11 p, 81 ref, 2 tab, 3 fig] http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTALCBLX201304015.htm Yan, X-p., Li, Z-x., Et al Chinese This paper reviews the theory and methodology developed to cope with the matching optimisation of the ship propulsion system and hull. The recent advancements on the strip theory to forecast hull deflection under various wave loads, and the impact of the hull deformation on the propulsion shaft line are discussed. The advantages and shortcomings of traditional shafting alignment techniques are reviewed and illustrated through examples. Applications and the state of-the-art in advanced shafting dynamic alignment are also reviewed. Finally, several main areas for future development in this field are discussed. These include development of the precise modelling theory of a large ship propulsion system under uncertainty, the coupled dynamic modelling method for a large ship propulsion system and hull deflection, and the optimisation database for the coupling design of the propulsion system and ship type. Deformation Hull form Propulsion systems Shaft alignment

2013092015 A holistic design approach for propulsion packages. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 5B.2, p 263 [6 p, 6 ref, 2 tab, 15 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sm all.pdf Greitsch, L., Druckenbrod, M., Et al English This paper discusses an extended approach to ship design, which is focused on the propulsion package consisting of propeller and rudder and special hub following geometries in order to ensure high overall

706

ABSTRACTS

efficiencies. Therefore the approach includes a newly developed optimisation setup for so called junction caps between propeller hub and propulsion bulb. Calculations and model tests give first impression of the influence of the way of interaction between the cap shape and the costa bulb. Optimisation Propulsive efficiency Rudders Ship design

line; conduct of speed/power sea trials for verification of the propulsive performance. The conclusions summarize the major findings of the above presentation. Finally some plans for future work on the propulsive efficiency further improvement are noted. Bulk carriers Energy conservation Ship design

2013092017 2013092016 Contemporary bulk carrier design to meet IMO EEDI requirements. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 6A.3, p 283 [9 p, 3 ref, 8 tab, 20 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sm all.pdf Minchev, A., Schmidt, M., Schnack, S. English A new generation of 35000 DWT handy-size bulk carrier design, named Seahorse 35 (SH35) was introduced in 2008. The SH35 was developed in close cooperation with bulk carrier charterers and operators, with focus on economical and efficient cargo handling, loading flexibility, safety, environmental and maintenance friendliness and low operational cost. Since the SH35 was developed the market situation has changed dramatically, calling for revisiting of the design with main focus on fuel oil efficiency and energy saving, and not least fulfillment of the latest IMO EEDI requirements. The objectives of this paper are to present the specific design changes and improvements, including: hull lines evaluation by application of CFD codes; alternatives of main engine/propeller RPM selection; propellers re-design to suit variable main engines data; application of energy saving devices (Mewis Duct by Becker Marine Systems); experimental (model testing) verification of the above applications; EEDI comparative calculations and comparison with base ZEUS and NOAH projects of NMRI. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 7B.1, p 324 [7 p, 4 ref, 6 tab, 19 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sm all.pdf Sasaki, N. English ZEUS (Zero Emission Ultimate Ship) project and NOAH (No More Artistic Hull) project of the National Maritime Research Institute in Japan are very challenging projects from the view point of utilized technologies. This paper introduces some innovative ideas developed by these two projects. The objective of the ZEUS project is to obtain the maximum energy efficiency by introducing a new idea such as a reaction pod system It can be said that the project aims at the final goal of ultimate ship hull form in the future. On the contrary, the NOAH project is aiming to achieve the ideal ship space and arrangement for the purpose of transportation without excessive power increment. The shape of hull is almost a box like NOAHs Ark. In order to improve EEDI for this type of vessel, several new ideas will be introduced. Here, boundary layer suction and Gate Rudder are introduced. Energy conservation Hull form Pods Rudders

ABSTRACTS

707

2013092018 On the volumetric balanced variation of ship forms. Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology, v 27 n 2, April 2013, p 1 [7 p, 12 ref, 2 tab, 7 fig] http://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/ArticleFullReco rd.jsp?cn=HOGHC7_2013_v27n2_1 Kim, H-C. Korean This paper aims at contributing to the field of ship design by introducing new systematic variation methods for ship hull forms. Hull form design is generally carried out in two stages. The first is the global variation considering the sectional area curve. Because the geometric properties of a sectional area curve have a decisive effect on the global hydrodynamic properties of ships, the design of a sectional area curve that satisfies various global design conditions, e.g., the displacement, longitudinal centre of buoyancy, etc., is important in the initial hull form design stage. The second stage involves the local design of section forms. Section forms affect the local hydrodynamic properties, e.g., the local pressure in the fore- and aftbody. This paper deals with a new method for the systematic variation of sectional area curves. The longitudinal volume distribution of a ship depends on the sectional area curve, which can geometrically be controlled using parametric variation and a variation that uses the modification function. Based on these methods, we suggest a more generalized method in connection with the derivation of the lines for a new design compared to those for similar ships. This is the so-called the volumetric balanced variation method for ship forms using a Bspline modification function and an optimisation technique. In this paper the global geometric properties of hull forms are totally controlled by the form parameters. The authors describe the new method and some application examples in detail. Calculus of variations Hull form Ship design

2013092019 Hull shape of a compressed natural gas ship. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 8, p 63 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Malta, E.B., Nogueira, M.C., Et al English In order to design the hull shape of a compressed natural gas ship (CNG), a parametric model was integrated with forward resistance and seakeeping commercial codes. This integration allowed dynamic results analysis using only a program interface with external codes experimentally verified. With regard to motions in waves, potential and strip method were used to evaluate the response amplitude operator of the hull forms in different conditions (with/without forward speed). The seakeeping has been defined through acceleration and comfort indices based on spectral analysis. The forward resistance was determined using nonlinear potential method for the wave resistance and finite volume method without free surface effect for the viscous resistance. Both numerical models were validated with results achieved in a towing tank. The evaluation of some design output parameters, generated with the parametric model, assist to determine which variables influence the most CNG ship forward resistance and seakeeping. The same methodology can be applied in other types of hull shape designs. Compressed natural gas Gas carriers Hull form

2013092020 Non-linear optimisation applied to preliminary ship design. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 10, p 79 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Cmara Ruas, J. da, Ventura, M. English Ship preliminary design optimisation has been studied in two main areas, the models that allow the determination of the optimum characteristics and the optimisation algorithms used. In this work, special relevance is given to the nonlinear optimisation

708

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algorithms, with a focus in the evolutionary and direct-search methods. First, the results of a set of selected methods are compared using a simple bulk carrier ship model commonly used in the literature, next a new optimisation process is proposed and is validated with the mentioned model. Optimisation Ship design

subdivision, the resulting polygonal faces are triangulated using all the points generated. Finally the mesh obtained in the parametric domain is mapped back into the Cartesian 3D space. The generated mesh is topologically correct and provides a basis for a wide range of engineering applications. Hull form Ship design

2013092021 Design development of an oil and garbage collector and boom layer vessel. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 12, p 97 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Valente, J.A., Antunes, P., Et al English This paper presents the final configuration of an oil and garbage collector and boom layer vessels and describes the most interesting features and technical design challenges faced during design development of this specific and multifaceted type of vessel. Oil recovery vessels Ship design

2013092023 Expanding the abilities: design development of wheelchair friendly catamaran. RINA Transactions - IJMD, v 155 Part C1, 2013, p 15 [10 p, 19 ref, 11 fig] http://www.rina.org.uk/international_journal_of_mari ne_design.html Nazarov, A., Jabtanom, P., Et al English The paper discusses design approaches and development processes for a l2m power catamaran intended for wheelchair users. Current boating opportunities for people with disabilities are reviewed. Ergonomics and safety standards implementation for wheelchair-friendly craft are examined with practical recommendations. The design process is illustrated and described with major points highlighted in design task, general concept, exterior and interior styling. Performance, motions and engineering aspects are touched upon, with emphasis to their impact on disabilities. Catamarans Ergonomics Ship design Special vessels

2013092022 Generation of an adaptive triangular mesh from a parametric surface. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 13, p 107 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Varela, J.M., Ventura, M. English This paper presents a new method for the generation of an adaptive topologically correct triangular mesh on parametric surfaces. The level of approximation is controlled through a given tolerance resulting into a density of triangles that increases with the local curvature of the surface. The surface is subdivided in the parametric domain by a recursive algorithm which simultaneously stores the sequence of operations into a binary space partitioning tree data structure. To each interior edge defined by two or more vertices correspond always only two faces. After the ABSTRACTS

2013092024 The potential of passive design to reduce the environmental footprint of luxury platforms within the marine industry. RINA Transactions - IJMD, v 155 Part C1, 2013, p 25 [7 p, 22 ref, 1 tab, 10 fig] http://www.rina.org.uk/international_journal_of_mari ne_design.html McCarten, S., Kvilums, C. English Passive design is the use of the natural environment to passively cool, heat, ventilate and light a building without significant energy use, whilst improving the users experience and well-being. Conventionally this is achieved through RV AC systems, which require 709

high grade energy to deliver comfortable conditions. In the 21st century, concerns about the energy resources required to support the growing population has resulted in RV AC design practices within the building industry being replaced by passive design principles. As buildings constitute 41% of Europe's total energy consumption, the EU energy performance directives states that all new buildings built after 31st December 2016 will have to produce as much energy as they consume, which can be achieved through passive design. Similar concerns have led to the implementation of the Energy Efficiency Design Index by the IMO, which signifies the arrival of Ecological Accounting (EA) to the marine industry. EA applies metrics to sustainability and drives forward design innovation to reduce energy consumption, providing ecological and economic benefits to the users, designers and yards, by encouraging whole systems analysis. Transfer of Innovation of passive design from architecture to the marine industry, would empower designers and yards to meet this new legislation, in terms of RV AC systems, which contribute to the greatest portion of energy consumption of auxiliary loads, onboard conventional vessels. This paper discusses the potential of passive design within the marine industry and the emerging need for design tools to allow passive design to become an intrinsic part of the marine design work flow. Thus aiding the industry to meet the needs of future legislation, and the developing luxury value perception of the owners. Energy conservation Passive systems Ship design

Whilst lowering the operational complexity the design should aim to be of higher efficiency in terms of its propulsion, compared to its rivals, and with lower energy consumption at the point of use (hotel and auxiliary loads). The design proposal addresses the gap in the market for luxury, performance orientated vessels and blend ecological technologies that work in favour of the client and also benefit the environment. The vessel is equipped for weekends or small holidays, in coastal areas around the Bahamas, Caribbean Sea, Dominican Republic, and Cuba, but also be sensitive to the surrounding Eco tones. The vessel is powered by a self-trimming rigid wing. The use of tubercles on the leading edge of the yacht's mast was supported by scale model wind tunnel testing as an integral part of the design research. This biomimetic allowed the mast to be of a greater diameter, without increasing the aerodynamic drag and thus leading to a greater exhaust aperture which facilitated the stack effect of the natural ventilation system. The choice of a rigid wing was not purely a technical one but also that of usability and speed. Whilst a rigid wing is easier to operate and selftrimming it also removes much of the shrouds and supports that a conventional sail may require. Also decreasing the size of the crew quarters leading to more space for passengers and more autonomy for the aging user. Supported by 19, 80watt solar cells to support auxiliary systems, "Logos" has complete energy autonomy and the silent luxury of rigid wing technology. Catamarans Energy conservation Pleasure craft Ship design

2013092025 LOGOS: 35M luxury catamaran inspired by passive design in architecture developed using the principles of universal design. RINA Transactions - IJMD, v 155 Part C1, 2013, p 45 [12 p, 16 fig] http://www.rina.org.uk/international_journal_of_mari ne_design.html Kvilums, C., McCartan, S. English The aim of the Logos project was to investigate passive design strategies potential to reduce energy consumption, whilst incorporating the needs of market trends and the cliental in the year 2020, in an effort to prioritise design strategy over market appreciation. It is an implementation of the principles of universal design to design a luxury, performance energy efficient vessel for ageing (55+) clientele. 710 2013092026 Mong Chong: 120M high speed Art Deco Pentamaran coastal cruiser superyacht for the Chinese market. RINA Transactions - IJMD, v 155 Part C1, 2013, p 57 [17 p, 28 fig] http://www.rina.org.uk/international_journal_of_mari ne_design.html Verheijden, R. English The Chinese cultural interpretation of a superyacht, in terms of luxury and functionality, is fluid. It will eventually become more defined, as leisure boating becomes more established as a highstatus luxury activity. This design review reports on a multidisciplinary superyacht design project engaging in design-driven innovation through ABSTRACTS

the application of a technologically advanced high speed platform. Building on the emotional design aspects of high speed boating and contemporary Chinese luxury, including the heritage of Chinese Art Deco, this project proposes a change in the design meaning associated with superyachts by developing an Art Deco high speed superyacht coastal cruiser for the Chinese market, based on the 130m BMT Nigel Gee Pentamaran concept. Motor yachts Ship design

2013092028 Self-righting craft basic principles and design requirements. RINA Transactions - IJSCT, v 155 part B1, JanuaryJune 2013 http://www.rina.org.uk/ijsct.html Thatcher, K.C. English Records show that the naval architecture of selfrighting has been known and understood for at least two hundred years. For much of this time its application was limited to small, shore based, rescue boats, but the past few decades have seen the provision of self-righting capability widen into a diverse range of craft from offshore standby vessels to trans-ocean rowing boats. Whatever the size and use, the aim is always the same to provide safe refuge for the crew by incorporating a mechanism whereby the vessel will return upright following a knockdown or capsize. Despite this growing popularity, self-righting vessel design is still viewed by some naval architects with suspicion. The purpose of this paper is to provide a background to selfrighting methods and basic guidance on design, testing and outfit requirements. Although much of the content has been based on the authors experience with rescue craft, it should be noted that the principles and techniques described are applicable to all types of vessel. Ship design Stability

2013092027 The imperious 240m cruise liner a new level of luxury for HNWI in the American market. RINA Transactions - IJMD, v 155 Part C1, 2013, p 75 [14 p, 19 fig] http://www.rina.org.uk/international_journal_of_mari ne_design.html McCartan, S., Edens, J. English The cruise industry has become one of the fastest growing tourism sectors. Growth in popularity has changed the luxury design meaning of cruising from its elitist beginnings into something more accessible and less exclusive. This design proposal challenges perceptions of exclusivity in the American cruise market by using Design-Driven Innovation to create a 'technological epiphany', a new market between luxury cruising and superyacht charter. The design proposal consists of a main entertainment vessel (cruise liner) acting as a mother ship, which transports SWATH floating apartments to various destination around the Caribbean. Where they are launched and later recovered, operating on the same principle as Dockwise yacht transporters. The SWATH floating apartments offer clients the freedom, luxury and privacy normally associated with superyachts. When docked with the mother ship the floating apartments are fully integrated into the interior design of the mother ship. The interior design proposals for both the mother ship and floating apartments have been informed by the cultural specificity of luxury in the American market. Cruise ships Ship design

2013092029 Rapid design for hull form based on energy optimisation. Shipbuilding of China, v 54 n 1, 2012, pp 12-20 http://en.cnki.com.cn/Journal_en/C-C036-ZGZC2013-01.htm Guan, G. English The objective of this research is to find a new rapid design method for obtaining fairness hull surface based on NURBS. Instead of depending on the conventional prototype, attention is focused on extracting the design parameters which represent the characteristics of the hull. The energy optimisation method is proposed to get the expression of the hull line with NURBS, using design parameters as design variables and least sum of curvature square of hull curves as optimisation object. The basic shape feature of hull curves can be adjusted under the constraint related to interpolation points, derivative vectors, curvatures, areas and centroid points. In this way, 711

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fairness of the hull surface is ensured. One successful example is given in order to verify the feasibility and practicality of this method. Energy conservation Hull form Optimisation

2013092030 A new method for parametric design of hull surface. Shipbuilding of China, v 54 n 1, 2012, pp 166-171 http://en.cnki.com.cn/Journal_en/C-C036-ZGZC2013-01.htm Yu, Y. English A hull surface transformation method based on fairing differential equation is developed in this paper. The hull form transformation function, which satisfies both the fairing differential equation and the constrain conditions of the design, is constructed according to design requirements of the hull surface for different design tasks. Transforming the hull surface based on NURBS with the hull form transformation function is realized with this method. It is proved that the transformation will not change C2 continuity of the hull surface. As examples of application, transformation functions for local modification, global transformation and UV degree transformation of the hull surface are presented. The method is proved to be practicable and can be used in engineering by applying it to an oil tanker. Hull form Lines fairing

range transformation is achieved and the smoothness of the ship surface is ensured. Optimisation of ship lines for a 1300TEU container ship was successfully carried out with this method combined with CFD technology and optimisation algorithm, and eventually the ship hull form with the best performance was obtained. This result indicates that it is feasible and certainly valuable to modify hull surfaces with this method based on the combined function proposed in the paper. Hull form Optimisation Resistance

2013092032 Design of the evolutionary LNG carrier SAYAENDO. LNG 17, 17th International Conference and Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas; 16-19 April 2013; Houston, Texas, US. Organised by Gas Technology Institute. Terminals, Tanks and Tankers Session [21 p, 8 ref, 1 tab, 15 fig] http://www.gastechnology.org/Training/Documents/L NG17-proceedings/8-8-Henry_Chung.pdf Sato, K., Chung, H. English Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) has completed the development and received firm orders for a newgeneration LNG carrier design marking an evolutionary advance for LNG carriers adopting the Moss-Rosenberg cargo containment system well proven for robustness and reliability. The product name SAYAENDO, or peapod in Japanese, aptly describes the continuous weather cover for the cargo tanks that is integrated with the ships hull, constituting a visual and conceptual distinction from the ubiquitous hemispherical covers found on conventional Moss LNGCs. This new configuration benefits from greater structural efficiency thus enabling size and weight reductions, resulting in improvements in fuel consumption and operating economies. This paper presents how state-of-the-art engineering verification methodologies were applied to validate the new design to meet the stringent technical, regulatory and safety requirements of the LNG shipping industry, as well as the design of SAYAENDO itself. Firstly, structural design analysis using MHI-DILAM is described. MHIDILAM is an advanced structural assessment approach developed by MHI, applied to verification of yield and buckling limit states with design waves and full stochastic analysis for fatigue strength performed on a whole ship model incorporating loads ABSTRACTS

2013092031 A new method of modifying hull surface and its application in ship hull form optimisation. Shipbuilding of China, v 54 n 1, 2012, pp 30-39 http://en.cnki.com.cn/Journal_en/C-C036-ZGZC2013-01.htm Feng, B. English Parameterized modelling and modifying ship lines play a very critical role to realize automatic optimisation of ship lines based on CFD. This paper proposes a new method to modify hull surfaces by the combined function, which fully takes advantage of both methods of modifying the hull surface, i.e. the method based on morphing function and the method based on global transformation function, thus large 712

derived from first principles direct calculations. Secondly, independent structural design verification as part of classification requirements or in support of optional enhanced notations is described, giving insight into the SAYAENDOs unique hull concept highlighting those aspects that were considered as part of the validation of the overall design and safety philosophy. Examples of how risk assessment methods were employed to evaluate unconventional arrangements are also introduced. Finally, the main characteristics of 155k-m3 LNGC are described, this being the finished product resulting from the development. Suitability of SAYAENDO to ice and cold operations is also briefly discussed. Energy conservation LNG carriers Ship design Structural analysis

1.3 SHIPBUILDING TECHNOLOGY/CONSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES

2013092034 Green offshore structures promising viable utilization of shipyard facilities. Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering, v 2 n 3, March 2012, p 153 [12 p, 19 ref, 3 tab, 15 fig] http://davidpublishing.org/show.html?5716 Lilas, T.E., Dagkinis, I.K., Et al English The shipbuilding industry in Europe is in crisis due to the recent economic recession and competition from countries with low labour costs. Greek shipyards have been forced to make a series of structural changes which have resulted in lower employment levels. Although these changes were gradually creating the conditions for shipyards profitably to re-enter international markets, the current economic crisis and the consequences to the shipping sector have created major problems to the shipyards employment. Perama shiprepair zone, an industrial zone mainly consisted from SMEs (small and medium enterprises) in shipbuilding and ship repairing sector, has faced major problem for its survivability. In this article, a new approach is presented. Green offshore structures are expected to create competitive advantages in the zone and be a way to utilize available facilities and recover from the existing situation. International experience through case studies is presented followed by economic and technical feasibility for offshore wind turbines construction and wave energy devices in shipyards. Finally, a general model shows that sustainable development is possible and shipyards have the adaptability and resources required for the production of renewable energy offshore structures. Shipyards Wave energy conversion Wind turbines

2013092033 Study on life-cycle concept design of offshore platforms. Shipbuilding of China, v 54 n 1, 2013, pp 52-59 http://en.cnki.com.cn/Journal_en/C-C036-ZGZC2013-01.htm Jian, Z. English Based on the study of current concept design methods of offshore platforms, this paper proposes a life-cycle concept design method, in which all factors throughout the whole life of an offshore platform are taken into account. The induced restrictions in various phases from construction, towing, offshore installation, in-service, to final decommission, have been included in the concept design, so that the design plan will be more feasible in practical engineering. To illustrate the method, a design case on a deepwater tumbler platform, is also given. Offshore platforms Platform design

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2.1 POWER SOURCES AND FUELS

2013092035 LNG the new fuel for fast ferries. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 11B.4, p 568 [4 p, 4 ref, 5 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Davidson, G., Roberts, T. English IMO legislative process creates greater restrictions on emissions, liquefied natural gas (LNG) will become a very important new fuel in the economics of efficient, cost effective and environmentally sustainable shipping. To meet future Tier II environmental guidelines in certain coastal areas the only practical way may be to use LNG. Current predictions are that the price of distillate fuel will increase as the world economy picks up and demand exceeds supply during the mid part of this current decade, but it is expected that LNG will not due to high world reserves and worldwide efforts to develop natural gas infrastructure and markets that will ensure that supply will exceed demand for the foreseeable future. The latest Revolution Design/Incat Wave Piercing catamaran is a gas turbine powered, LNG fuelled, 99m vessel capable of speeds of 50 knots or more. This paper explains the mechanism of operating with LNG, its advantages and disadvantages as well as future applications. Ferries High speed vessels Liquefied natural gas

cylinder at a crankshaft speed of 600rev/min, or 1200kW at 500/514rev/min, with a power range from 13 740kW to 26 000kW. Through the incorporation of measures such as selective catalytic reduction or exhaust gas recirculation, the new HiMSEN mediumspeed will meet future IMO TIER III NOx criteria. Engine descriptions Medium speed diesels

2013092037 Electrical design of a 17 MW class HTS motor for ship propulsion. Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism, v 26 n 4, April 2013, pp 1283-1287 http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10948-0121983-5 Baik, S., Kwon, Y. English A superconducting motor shows several advantages, such as smaller size and higher efficiency, over a conventional motor, especially utilized in ship propulsion applications. However, the size reduction merit appears for large capacity, more than several MW. The authors develop a large capacity synchronous motor with a rotating high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coil, which is aimed to be utilized for ship propulsion, so it has a low rotating speed of about 200 rpm. The ship propulsion motor must generate high electromagnetic torque instead of low speed. Therefore, the rotor (field) coils have to generate a large magnetic flux that results in a large amount of expensive HTS conductor for the field coil. In this paper a 17 MW HTS motor for ship propulsion is designed with a cost-effective method because the HTS conductor cost is a critical factor in the construction of an HTS motor. Unlike conventional rotating machines, the superconducting motor consists of an iron-coreless structure. Most conventional motors can be designed with small error based on two-dimensional magnetic field analysis. However, the superconducting motor shows an even larger error between the two- and three-dimensional based designs. Thus, in order to improve the design accuracy, the authors have calculated the back electromotive force (EMF) using 3D magnetic field analysis. An output performance evaluation has also been carried out to obtain a design with higher efficiency. Motors Superconductive electric propulsion

2013092036 Challenging European hegemony. Shipping World & Shipbuilder, v 213 n 4293, July/August 2013, p 39 [1 p, 1 fig] http://www.imarest.org/GainKnowledge/OurMagazin es/ShippingWorldShipbuilder.aspx Tinsley, D. English Hyundai Heavy Industries has secured type-approval from nine classification societies for its most powerful home-grown HiMSEN engine design to date. The vee-form H46/60V type offers 1300kW per 714

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2013092038 Conversion of large-bore diesel engines for heavy fuel oil and natural gas dual fuel operation. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 15, p 121 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Gomes Antunes, J.M., Mikalsen, R., Roskilly, A.P. English Due to potential fuel efficiency and exhaust gas emissions advantages, interest in dual fuel operation of internal combustion engines is increasing. This paper describes the conversion of two marine 4.5MW diesel engines, modified to use a combination of natural gas and heavy fuel oil. The development of the engine monitoring and management system is described, including the use of knock measurement to control the amount of natural gas used. Experimental results are presented, showing the performance of the engines under different modes of operation. Engine conversion Multifuel engines

increasing EGR and water addition leads to NOx reduction but increases carbon monoxide and unburnt hydrocarbons due to an incomplete combustion. Computational fluid dynamics Diesel engines Emissions

2013092040 Wrtsil advocates the use of dual fuel. Tanker Operator, v 12 n 7, June/July 2013, p 30 [2 p, 1 fig] http://www.tankeroperator.com/AllMagazine.aspx No author given English Wrtsil has received an order to supply a comprehensive solutions package for a series of hybrid gas carriers being built for Danish shipowner Evergas. The advanced technology solution to be provided by Wrtsil, whereby the cargo handling system, the gas supply system and the propulsion machinery are fully integrated with each other, will make the vessels the most modern and environmentally sustainable LNG carriers ever built, the company claims. Integrated shipboard systems LNG carriers Multifuel engines

2013092039 Computational fluid dynamics analysis of NOx and other pollutants in the MAN B&W 7S50MC marine engine and effect of EGR and water addition. RINA Transactions IJME part A2, April-June 2013 http://www.rina.org.uk/ijme.html Lamas, M.I., Rodriguez, C.G., Et al English Marine engines represent a significant contribution to global emissions. In order to overcome this problem, a great attention was given to reduce their exhaust emissions in the last years, and marine engines have to adapt to regional, national and international restrictions. In this regard, the purpose of this paper is to develop a numerical model to study NOx (nitrogen oxides) and other pollutants in engines. EGR and water addition were studied too as measures to reduce NOx. The main advantage of this study is that it provides a cheap and fast method to analyse emissions, contrary to experimental setups which are too expensive and laborious. Particularly, a commercial marine engine was analysed and validated with experimental data. Results showed that

2013092041 LNG as a marine fuel. LNG 17, 17th International Conference and Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas; 16-19 April 2013; Houston, Texas, US. Organised by Gas Technology Institute. LNG as a Transportation Fuel Session [10 p, 11 fig] http://www.gastechnology.org/Training/Documents/L NG17-proceedings/7-1-Frederick_Adamchak.pdf Adamchak, F., Adede, A. English This paper discusses the advantages of LNG as a bunker fuel, challenges faced for widespread implementation, and the pace and potential for LNG to displace established fuels. Alternative fuels Liquefied natural gas

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2013092042 LNG as a marine fuel: challenges to be overcome. LNG 17, 17th International Conference and Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas; 16-19 April 2013; Houston, Texas, US. Organised by Gas Technology Institute. LNG as a Transportation Fuel Session [20 p, 2 tab, 10 fig] http://www.gastechnology.org/Training/Documents/L NG17-proceedings/7-2-Pablo_Semolinos.pdf Semolinos, P., Olsen, G., Giacosa, A. English The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the challenges and possibilities ahead for the development of LNG as marine fuel. First a general overview of the subject is presented including economic valuation of each solution for shipowners, and description and costs of the supply chain. Then the main challenges to be overcome are presented as well as each time an evaluation of the best way to approach these issues. Alternative fuels Liquefied natural gas

performances, and focuses on the maintenance: performance in dry dock of maintenance visits and the improvement of the maintenance plan. Engine maintenance Diesel electric propulsions LNG carriers Multifuel engines Propulsive efficiency

2013092044 International guidelines for bunkering LNG as a marine fuel. LNG 17, 17th International Conference and Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas; 16-19 April 2013; Houston, Texas, US. Organised by Gas Technology Institute. LNG as a Transportation Fuel Session [5 p] http://www.gastechnology.org/Training/Documents/L NG17-proceedings/7-6-Erik_Skramstad.pdf Skramstad, E. English Widespread use of LNG as a marine fuel requires and infrastructure for fuel supply and internationally accepted guidelines for the bunkering process. On this basis an ISO work group has been started to develop guidance on how to meet safety requirements specified by authorities (national and port). Reference to Guidelines for Risk Assessment. Establish operational and control procedures to ensure safe, practical and aligned operations in different ports. Identify requirements to components (storage tanks, piping, hoses, loading arms, connectors etc.) to ensure equipment compliance other factors such as requirements for maintenance, training and qualification schemes, emergency preparedness. The work group will collect, evaluate and distill experiences and practices developed in the North Sea area with a focus on standardizing the interface between the ship and the fuel supply facilities, to ensure that a LNG fuelled ship can refuel in any port with LNG fuel supply facilities This paper present the status and preliminary results from this work. The proposal is presented on the assumption that the content is approved by ISO and the members of the work-group. Alternative fuels Liquefied natural gas Recommendations

2013092043 Feedback on the operation of the dual fuel diesel electric propulsion on LNG carriers: impact of gas fuel quality on propulsion efficiency. LNG 17, 17th International Conference and Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas; 16-19 April 2013; Houston, Texas, US. Organised by Gas Technology Institute. LNG Storage, Ships, Transportation and Distribution Session [15 p, 13 fig] http://www.gastechnology.org/Training/Documents/L NG17-proceedings/Storage-3-JeanFrancois_Castel.pdf Castel, J-F., Leriche, J. English GAZOECAN is the operator of the first three built dual fuel diesel electric LNG carriers: PROVALYS and GDF SUEZ GLOBAL ENERGY owned by GDF SUEZ, and GASELYS, owned by GDF SUEZ and NYK Line. Dual fuel engines of these vessels, delivered from the end of 2006 to the beginning of 2007 cumulated more than 300 000 running hours by the beginning of 2013. This paper presents the feedback of GAZOCEAN in the operation and maintenance of the dual fuel diesel electric propulsion including a description of the trouble shooting, the

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2.2 EQUIPMENT AND INSTALLATIONS

2013092045 RITM-200: new-generation reactor for a new nuclear icebreaker. Atomic Energy, v 113 n 6, April 2013, pp 404-409 http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10512-0139653-7 Zverev, D.L., Pakhomov, A.N., Et al English The main technical solutions incorporated in the design of the RITM-200 reactor for a new-generation nuclear icebreaker are presented. Its special feature is an extended service life compared with icebreakers which are currently in service. To secure this quality, the main damaging factors revealed during operation and influencing service life are examined. The following are presented: the results of a systems analysis of the design implementation of the equipment and systems and their heat-engineering characteristics as well as the water-chemistry and gas regime of the first-loop coolant for optimizing the reactors operating conditions and securing a high safety level and acceptable technical economic indicators. Nuclear reactors Shipboard reactors

damage could cause much larger spills and increase hazards to the public and property. In 2008, Congress funded the Department of Energy to conduct a series of tests on thermal degradation of representative insulation systems installed on LNG carriers during large fires. This paper summarizes the test methodology, data, and results of four experiments that tested insulation systems for both Moss and Membrane LNG carriers at prototypic LNG pool fire conditions. Insulation LNG carriers LNG tanks

2.3 MAINTENANCE, REPAIR AND CONVERSION

2013092047 Service life extension and safety enhancement of ship reactors. Atomic Energy, v 113 n 6, April 2013, pp 410-414 http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10512-0139654-6 Petrunin, V.V., Fadeev, Yu. P. , Et al English The results of operation and the present state of the nuclear icebreaker fleet are presented. The fundamentals of service life extension of reactors on nuclear icebreakers are presented. The complex of research and development work performed on equipment and systems to secure reliability during the extension period is described. The main measures taken to increase the nuclear and radiation safety of nuclear icebreakers are shown and the economic impact of the work performed is evaluated. Nuclear icebreakers Nuclear ship safety Service life Shipboard reactors

2013092046 LNG ship insulation experiments using large LNG pool fire boundary conditions. LNG 17, 17th International Conference and Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas; 16-19 April 2013; Houston, Texas, US. Organised by Gas Technology Institute. Safety, Health & Environment Session [19 p, 7 ref, 2 tab, 11 fig] http://www.gastechnology.org/Training/Documents/L NG17-proceedings/5-4-Thomas_Blanchat.pdf Blanchat, T., Morrow, C., Hightower, M. English Concern over the vulnerability of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) carriers entering US ports has increased in recent years. Several studies have weighed in on the potential consequences resulting from large accidental or intentionally caused spills. One specific concern was that LNG cargo tank insulation could be susceptible to high-temperature thermal degradation in the event of a large-scale LNG fire. This could result in cascading damage of other cargo tanks not originally damaged during an initial accident or intentional event, with the concern that this cascading ABSTRACTS

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2013092048 Conditioned maintenance predictive analysis in maritime propulsion engines. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 16, p 127 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Lampreia, S.S., Vairinhos, V., Et al English The Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) method proposed is based on statistical processing of signals and consists of applying control charts to monitor system condition in the context of CBM, aiming at reduction of failure rate, increasing both reliability and availability of maritime equipment. Control charts, being a primary tool for control and monitoring of processes, can be used to control variables such as oil pressure and temperature. This will allow the authors to distinguish between common and special causes of data variation. With this methodology the authors intend, initially, to estimate the statistical parameters of signals by applying the Standard Deviation Chart. In a second state, for monitoring and modelling the behaviour of equipment, the modified CUSUM (Cumulative Sum) and ERMA (Exponentially Weighted Moving Average) charts were applied. Condition monitoring Engine maintenance

composition acquires special importance in longduration trips and is essential for importers, exporters, shipments, etc., to know the 'quality' of the LNG that is to be unloaded in the regasification terminal, so that LNG meets quality specifications of each country. In order to solve the existing lack of knowledge on the behaviour of LNG during ship transportation, a group of European gas companies has developed a useful tool called MOLAS for predicting changes in LNG composition at any time during the voyage and just at the end. MOLAS application contains two different approaches. A physical model based on mass balances and equilibrium state between liquid and vapour phases, and an 'intelligent' model, based on artificial neural networks that takes into account nonlinear relationship among the variables involved. MOLAS has been tried out comprehensively and an average error in Wobbe Index and Gross Calorific Value less than 0.20% and 0.30% has been obtained respectively. The results provided by MOLAS, can help terminal operators to manage regasification plants in a more safe and efficient manner and can help engineers and technicians to take, in advance, necessary actions on natural gas so that it can comply with required quality specifications. Ageing Liquefied natural gas LNG transportation

2.5 PORTS AND WATERWAYS

2013092050 An analysis of formal risk assessments for safety and security in ports: empirical evidence from container terminals in Greece. Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering, v 2 n 1, January 2012, p 45 [10 p, 31 ref, 4 tab] http://davidpublishing.org/show.html?4137 Chlomoudis, C.I., Kostagiolas, P.A., Pallis, P.L. English Nowadays, the most prominent risk assessment techniques are founded on the values of measuring and controlling the frequency and the consequences of risks in order to assure an acceptable level of safeness mainly in the lines of environmental, health and hygiene and port product issues. This paper initially introduces risk assessment approaches within the emerging role of ports. Thereafter, it qualitatively assesses their potential for ports by discussing issues challenging every safety and security approach within the maritime industry such ABSTRACTS

2.4 CARGOES AND CARGO HANDLING

2013092049 LNG ageing during ship transportation. LNG 17, 17th International Conference and Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas; 16-19 April 2013; Houston, Texas, US. Organised by Gas Technology Institute. LNG Storage, Ships, Transportation and Distribution Session [15 p, 13 fig] http://www.gastechnology.org/Training/Documents/L NG17-proceedings/Storage-4-Angel_Benito.pdf Benito, A., Rabinal, C. English International LNG trade has undergone a considerable increase in recent years, with a growth rate of 120% since 2000. This increment of LNG demand has generated a fast augmentation of LNG transport by sea. The knowledge of LNG 718

as pro-activeness, organisation, transparency, costeffectiveness and, when possible, calibration to specific experiences. Moreover, an empirical study was conducted in order to provide evidence for formal risk assessment for safety and security in the main Greek port container terminals of Piraeus and Thessaloniki. The empirical research is based on indepth semi-structured interviews with the administrations of container terminals. The results include important findings, regarding the likelihood of appearance of certain risks and their perceived severity in Greek container terminals. The collected answers and their analysis are also important for confirming the suggested theoretical formal risk assessment framework for ports. Container terminals Port safety Port security Risk analysis

deep channel on wave conditions in the entrance to the port and compares the results from the numerical and physical modelling. Breakwaters Model tests Numerical models Port planning and development Wave propagation

2013092052 Assessment of Alexandria container terminal efficiency by applying performance indicators. Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering, v 2 n 5, May 2012, p 263 [11 p, 12 ref, 4 tab, 10 fig] http://davidpublishing.org/show.html?11259 El Kalla, M.M.A., El Shamy, R.F.H. English Containerization with its increasing share in seaborne trade highlights the importance of assessing container terminals performance indicators. The world economic situation and the global container market have improved slightly after the 2008 world economic crises. Egyptian container terminals are important to serve the world liner services in particular the main east-west routes. Egypt is considered the leading country in Africa and the 18th worldwide in serving the liner markets. Alexandria container terminal as a medium size terminal shows acceptable super/infrastructure facilities and throughput. The analysis of Alexandria container terminal performance indicators from 2007 to 2011 shows a slightly progressive trend. Selected indicators, reflecting production, productivity, utilization and service measures, were used according to the available data. Terminal production shows a slight increasing demand concerning number of vessels and TEUs (Twenty Equivalent Units). Furthermore, productivity indicators proved remarkable development in moves per working hours rather than moves per hours in port, deducing lack of port services accompanying cargo handling. Moreover, Utilization measurements show the terminal occupancy ratio fluctuating from 45% to 67% with slight development. Finally, Service measures show progress in vessels turnaround time, while long wasted time consumed in processes rather than operation was observed. Container terminals Port performance

2013092051 Physical and numerical modelling applied to a major new port development and impacts of its deep navigational channel. Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering, v 2 n 3, March 2012, p 125 [15 p, 11 ref, 11 tab, 18 fig] http://davidpublishing.org/show.html?5714 Sarker, Md. A., Sleigh, A. English This paper describes the use of a numerical and physical modelling study in the design of large breakwaters for a new port and dry dock complex on the southern coast of Oman. The numerical modelling was carried out to optimise the entrance channel layout with respect to wave penetration into the port and to refine design conditions for the sizing of the primary armour on the breakwaters. Wave conditions inside and outside of the port have been assessed using the 2-dimensional numerical wave penetration model MIKE21 EMS (Elliptic Mild-Slope). As part of the design process, 3D physical modelling studies were also undertaken at Delft Hydraulics in the Netherlands to confirm the stability of the armour on the trunk and roundhead of the breakwaters and to verify the influence of the deep approach channel on stability. The opportunity was taken to extend the physical model tests to assess the influence of the deep channel on wave penetration through the port entrance. The paper focuses on the influence of the

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2013092053 A proposed benchmark to evaluate investment in maritime hub ports. Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering, v 2 n 5, May 2012, p 293 [11 p, 31 ref, 2 fig] http://davidpublishing.org/show.html?11262 Salama, A.Z.A.E., Tawfik, M.A.E. English This paper studies the evaluation of investment in sea hub ports, in terms of investments real cost, types of investments, their aims, the direct and indirect effects of these investments, and the various methods used to assess the expected returns from such projects, in order to propose a criterion for investment in sea hub ports. Through dividing the methodological framework into three sections: the first covers the topic of investment in general, its types, purposes, and its determinants; the second section covers the different definitions of ports and types of investment projects in them, their nature, purposes and effects; the third concentrates on the appropriateness of the methods used to evaluate sea port project, concluding a benchmark formula to be used in evaluating maritime hub port investment projects. Economic impact Evaluation Port investment

cylinder element running through the holes of several adjacent blocks allows them to be joined forming large size units. The structure consisting of wedge form retaining wall is original but simple to construct. Some new designs based on perfection of sheet-piling walls (sheet piles with curvilinear cross-section having a form of semi-rings) are proposed for different applications. Proposals on modernization of some traditional structures and technologies are discussed. Coastal engineering Port facilities Protection

2.6 COASTAL/OFFSHORE ENGINEERING AND MARINE RENEWABLE ENERGY

2013092055 Made to measure. Offshore Marine Technology, 3rd Quarter 2012, p 22 [2 p, 2 fig] http://www.rina.org.uk/omt.html No author given English This article discusses some of the complexities and work that lay behind the design of a new turret mooring system, and its installation aboard an existing FPSO. FPSOs Installing Turret mooring systems

2013092054 New development of port structures design and construction. Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering, v 1 n 3, August 2011, pp 150 [8 p, 6 fig] http://davidpublishing.org/show.html?2283 Gabi, S., Doubrovsky, M., Belakrouf, A. English Some new innovative constructions and technologies for improvement of port structures are worked out and discussed. The aims of innovations are to increase structure reliability, to decrease construction and maintenance costs, to simplify technology and cost of building. For these purposes either some main bearing elements or structures in whole are modified or improved. In particular different improved waterfront constructions as well as retaining walls and coastal protection (gravity, piled, sheet piling, etc.) for use in various soil conditions are outlined. One of them incorporates trapezoidal blocks forming columns, each block in the column contacts the others either with smaller or larger bases. Another design incorporates blocks that are constructed with holes ran through the centres of gravity of the blocks. Rigid 720

2013092056 CFD simulations for offshore industry applications. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [5 p, 10 ref, 15 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Bertram, V., Ahilan, R.V. English The authors apply their methods and expertise for ship flows increasingly to a wider range of applications, particularly so to problems arising in the offshore industry. The paper illustrates the variety of problems encountered and how modern CFD ABSTRACTS

simulations are employed to analyse problems and guide towards solutions. The focus lies on RANSE methods, which have supplemented classical hydrodynamic approaches (Green function methods, semi-empirical approaches like the Morison formula, etc.) increasingly over the past years. Most of the examples shown were computed using Comet and Star CCM+ of cd-adapco. Computational fluid dynamics Offshore engineering

2013092058 A simplified vortex model of propeller and windturbine wake. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, v 725, June 2013, pp 91116 http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract ?fromPage=online&aid=8912663&fulltextType=RA &fileId=S0022112013001821 Segalini, A., Alfredsson, P.H English A new vortex model of inviscid propeller and windturbine wakes is proposed based on an asymptotic expansion of the BiotSavart induction law to account for the finite vortex core size. The circulation along the blade is assumed to be constant from the blade root to the tip approximating a turbine with maximum power production for given operating conditions. The model iteratively calculates the tipvortex path, allowing the wake to expand/contract freely, and is afterward able to evaluate the velocity field in the whole domain. The roller-bearing analogy, proposed by Okulov and Srensen (2010), is used to determine the vortex core size. A comparison of the main outcomes of the present model with the general momentum theory is performed in terms of the operating parameters (namely the number of blades, the tip-speed ratio, the blade circulation and the vortex core size), demonstrating good agreement between the two. Furthermore, experimental data have been compared with the model outputs to validate the model under real operating conditions. Vortices Wakes Wind turbines

2013092057 Numerical study of low-frequency waves during harbour resonance. Ocean Engineering, v 68, 1 August 2013, pp 38-46 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002 9801813001674 Dong, G., Gao, J., Et al English The aim of this paper is to investigate how bound and free long waves and their relative components change with respect to short wavelengths when resonance occurs in a long and narrow rectangular harbour. Long-period oscillations excited by bichromatic primary waves are simulated using the Boussinesq model. A separation procedure is proposed to decompose the low-frequency components inside the harbour into bound and free long waves. For comparison, the non-resonant wave condition is also considered. It shows that the amplitudes of bound and free long waves and their ratio are closely related to the short wavelengths, regardless of whether the harbour is resonant or not. For the given harbour and primary wave frequency ranges studied in this paper, when the harbour is at the lowest resonant mode, the amplitudes of bound long waves are always lower than those of free long waves but tend to be larger than half of the latter when the average short wavelengths are larger than 0.66 times the harbour length. When the harbour is non-resonant and the average short wavelengths are larger than 0.56 times the harbour length, the former is inclined to be larger than the latter. Harbour oscillations Wave groups

2013092059 Dynamic response of steel catenary riser using a seabed interaction under random loads. Ocean Engineering, v 69, 1 September 2013, pp 3443 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002 9801813002035 Elosta, H., Huang, S., Incecik, A. English It is important to develop better understanding of the Steel Catenary Riser (SCR)soil interaction mechanism to provide a realistic technique to predict the dynamic response and structural behaviour of the SCR in the Touchdown Zone (TDZ).This paper discusses the significance of SCRseabed interaction in the design of SCR for deepwater applications and

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reports the results of an analysis of an SCR on soft clay in 910 m depth of water using the commercial code OrcaFlex for non-linear time domain simulation with a robust meshing technique. In the study reported in this paper, the vertical embedment and large lateral movements of the SCR in the TDZ were investigated. During the simulations the seabed has been modelled using a hysteretic non-linear model in vertical seabed direction, and bilinear and trilinear models in the lateral seabed direction. It has been found that the TDZ responses result in the degradation of the seabed soil stiffness due to cyclic loading. Furthermore, an improved SCRsoil interaction model, with accurate prediction of soil stiffness and riser penetration enables us to more accurately predict global riser dynamic performance in the TDZ. Dynamic response Risers Soil structure interaction

2013092061 On the distribution of wave heights in the space domain. Ocean Engineering, v 69, 1 September 2013, pp 5459 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002 980181300187X Boccotti, P. English Wind-generated waves are measured on a straight line by means of a gauge array. These measurements yield the distribution of the wave heights in the space domain, on deep water, in stationary sea states. This result is compared with the theoretical distribution based on the linear quasi-determinism theory. Probability Sea state Wave height

2013092062 2013092060 Numerical ship navigation based on weather and ocean simulation. Ocean Engineering, v 69, 1 September 2013, pp 4453 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002 980181300200X Chen, C., Shiotani, S., Sasa, K. English Sea states, such as waves, tidal currents, and wind are important factors for safe and economic ship navigation. In previous papers a single factor generated by low pressure was studied independently. The objective of this paper is to study how ship navigation is affected by the combined effects of these factors. For clarification, simulations of two representative typhoons were conducted, and the results were compared. Numerical simulations of tidal currents, waves, and wind were applied to provide high-resolution information, which was then used to simulate ship navigation. Estimation of ship position was found effectively by comparing the results from these two cases and using the proposed numerical navigation simulation method. Navigation Numerical analysis Ocean waves Tidal currents Wind Parametric analysis of horizontal axis tidal turbine hydrodynamics for optimum energy generation. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 5A.2, p 242 [15 p, 24 ref, 9 tab, 17 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Liu, P., Bose, N. English A parametric analysis was conducted for a series of horizontal axis tidal turbines (HATT), prototyped for the inflow velocity profile and annual inflow probability distribution of the Bay of Fundy, Minas Passage, Nova Scotia, Canada. Motion and geometry parameters of the HATT series were covered in the optimisation process. Data for the parametric analysis were obtained using a proprietary software tool that was validated for both horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT) and HATT. It was found that the total annual energy production was most sensitive to variations in pitch value and distribution especially at

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the blade tips. It was also found that relatively large rotor solidity is required for optimum energy generation at very small inflow speeds. Ocean energy Tidal power Turbines

open ocean is quantified. A parametric analysis of the system is then undertaken. In particular, it is shown that increasing the flap width has the beneficial effect of broadening the bandwidth of the capture factor curve. This phenomenon can be exploited in random seas to achieve high levels of efficiency. Fluid structure interaction Wave energy Wave energy conversion

2013092063 Mooring line failures attract industry attention. Offshore Engineer, v 38 n 7, July 2013, p 46 [2 p, 1 fig] http://oedigital.com/ Maslin, E. English Mooring lines on floating production systems continue to fail, costing the industry lost time and production. This article discusses why this is happening and what is being done. Failure Floating production systems Mooring lines

2013092065 Evolution of deep-water waves under wind forcing and wave breaking effects: Numerical simulations and experimental assessment. European Journal of Mechanics B/Fluids, v 41, September/October 2013, pp 11-22 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S099 7754613000320 Tian, Z., Choi, W. English The evolution of two-dimensional dispersive focusing wave groups in deep water under wind forcing and wave breaking effects is investigated numerically and measurements collected from windwave experiments are used to evaluate the numerical simulations. Wind forcing is modelled by introducing into the dynamic boundary condition a surface slope coherent pressure distribution, which is expressed through Miles shear instability theory and Jeffreys sheltering model. To activate Jeffreys model in simulating waves evolving under wind forcing, an air flow separation criterion depending on wind speed and wave steepness is proposed. Direct comparisons of the measurements and the simulations are made by including the wind-driven current in the simulations. To simulate breaking waves, an eddy viscosity model is incorporated into a system of nonlinear evolution equations to dissipate wave energy and to predict surface elevation after breaking. For wave groups under no wind action, the eddy viscosity model simulates well the energy dissipation in breaking waves and predicts well the surface elevation after breaking. Under the weaker wind forcing condition, after consideration of the wind-driven current, the numerical model produces satisfying predictions. As the wind forcing becomes stronger, the disparity

2013092064 Hydrodynamics of the oscillating wave surge converter in the open ocean. European Journal of Mechanics B/Fluids, v 41, September/October 2013, pp 1-10 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S099 7754613000174 Renzi, E., Dias, F. English A potential flow model is derived for a large flap-type oscillating wave energy converter in the open ocean. Application of Greens integral theorem in the fluid domain yields a hypersingular integral equation for the jump in potential across the flap. The solution is found via a series expansion in terms of the Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind and even order. Several relationships are then derived between the hydrodynamic parameters of the system. Comparison is made between the behaviour of the converter in the open ocean and in a channel. The degree of accuracy of wave tank experiments aiming at reproducing the performance of the device in the

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between the experiments and the simulations becomes more evident while the numerical results are still regarded as acceptable. The relative importance of the Miles and Jeffreys models for waves under wind forcing are discussed through additional numerical tests. Breaking waves Water waves Wave groups Wind forces

2013092067 Analysis of water depth effects on the wave power resource and the energy captured by a wave energy converter. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 73, p 595 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Monarcha, A., Fonseca, N. English This paper reviews the existing simplified methods for wave energy spectrum modification as the water depth reduces. The TMA method (Bouws, 1985) is implemented and applied with the aim of assessing both the reduction in the available power resource and the energy converted by a floating wave energy converter. This method is based on the hypothesis that the similarity principle for the saturation range of shallow-water spectrum (Kitaigorodskii, 1975) is not restricted to the equilibrium range, but is valid across the entire spectrum. This hypothesis has been proven, thus demonstrating that a finite depth spectrum can be obtained by simply multiplying the corresponding deep water spectrum by a function of the angular frequency. The Pelamis machine and the wave climatology of Figueira da Foz (Portugal) are used as a case study. Water depth Wave energy conversion

2013092066 Review and classification of wave energy converters. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 72, p 585 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Guedes Soares, C., Bhattacharjee, J., Et al English An overview of existing Wave Energy Converters (WECs) is presented, concentrating on the main features of the devices dynamics, the power take off mechanisms and the mooring systems. The aim is to identify the most promising technologies that are worth considering when planning the installation of wave energy offshore. A common approach to classify WECs is based on their mode of operate, but it is recognized that some devices have additional features that influence their performance and cost. The definition of a power conversion chain is recognized to be a useful tool. Advantages and disadvantages of each class are outlines, and concepts presenting distinguishing features are pointed out. Parameters are identified, on which to base an evaluation and comparison between devices. Wave energy conversion

2013092068 Evaluation of the wave models SWAN and STWAVE in shallow water using nested schemes. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 59, p 481 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Gonalves, M., Rusu, E., Guedes Soares, C. English The objective of this study is to evaluate two state of the art models based on the spectrum concept, SWAN and STWAVE. This study is especially focused on the performance of the two models in shallow and very shallow water. The target area considered is Porto Ferro, which is located on the northwest coast of Sardinia. Comparisons were made as regards to the spatial distribution of the main wave parameters, based on the results obtained by both models. In the

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time domain comparisons are made for the period 614 February 2005. A wave-rider type buoy was used as offshore forcing source and the same nested scheme was considered for both models to study the wave transformation towards the shore. As a general conclusion, besides its simplicity, a major advantage brought by the STWAVE model is that almost no BC effect is introduced as in SWAN. This is due to the scheme adopted for the wave propagation along a way ray. Nevertheless this feature represents an advantage mainly for one computational domain rather than in the case of nested schemes. Numerical models Shallow water Wave models

2013092070 Conceptual design of an ocean current turbine for deep waters. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 74, p 607 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Nuez Rivas, L.R., Lopez Pieiro, A., Et al English This paper shows the result of a research project with the main objective of developing a conceptual design of a new type of submarine electrical generator for the exploitation of marine currents sited in increasingly deeper waters. The proposed device can work into the water and gets the right depth and position only using hydrodynamic forces that allow it to go to the surface or dive without any other help. The generator has no fixed foundations and it is placed on an intermediate level between the surface and the bottom through a simple anchor system, the entire device, including the anchor system, can be removed without damage to the marine environment. Deepwater Electric generators Ocean currents

2013092069 Effect of the environment on the design loads on monopole offshore wind turbine. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 67, p 547 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Bagbanci, H., Karmakar, D., Guedes Soares, C. English The influence of the environmental conditions on wind turbine design loads for a monopole foundation is studied by analysing the bending moment at the tower base and blade root for various values of water depth, tower height, pile diameter and wind turbulence model. The main design requirements are related to the limitation of maximum deflection at the tower base which influences the vibration modes of the complete structure. The analysis is done using FAST code for wind turbines, which operated in the time domain. The detailed effects of pile diameter, height of tower and water depth are presented. The study is carried out by using a 5 MW wind turbine with a monopole foundation. Design loads Environmental conditions Offshore structures Wind turbines

2013092071 Assessment of the wave energy in two enclosed seas. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 75, p 613 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Rusu, E., Guedes Soares, C. English The objective of this work is to evaluate the wave energy resources in two enclosed seas, the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. A first perspective of the wave and wind climate in these areas is given by a medium term analysis of some recent satellite data. This allowed the identification of the most energetic sectors. As a further step, wave prediction systems based on the SWAN spectral phase averaged model were implemented and validated in the two seas. Comparisons carried out against remotely sensed data show that these wave prediction systems generally provide accurate results in terms of significant wave heights. Finally, using the numerical wave models, 725

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the spatial distribution of the wave energy was analysed for some case studies that correspond to the most relevant wave patterns. This work gives some insight on the wave conditions and the wave energy potential, in the basins of the Black and Caspian Seas. The perspective of the development of the wave energy devices for small amplitude waves is expected to be very dynamic in the near future and to bring technological breakthroughs. Thus following such tendencies, the problem of extracting this type of renewable energy in the Black and Caspian Seas, most probable coupled in hybrid farms wind-waves might become an actuality. Black Sea Caspian sea Wave energy

2013092073 Development of an integrated system for personnel and equipment transfer to offshore wind turbines. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 77, p 631 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Santos, T.A., Carichas, E., Et al English This paper describes an integrated system for personnel and equipment transfer to offshore wind turbines. The system consists of a SWATH ship with an ample aft deck where up to 6 capsules, inverted cone shaped, are stowed in berths. In sea states between 1m and 3m wave height, each of these capsules is to be moved to the wind turbine platform, carrying up to 6 persons and 1 t of equipment, using a shipboard crane when the ship is suitably located alongside the wind turbine at a safe distance. The wind turbine work platform is fitted with a 360o ring where the capsule is to be deposited using the crane and left during the duration of the maintenance operations. The main benefits of this system are that it is capable of providing access to wind turbines in sea states up to 3m and personnel and cargo are transferred protected inside a capsule. Costs are relatively low as a wind farm with 200 turbines can be serviced by 2-3 ships. Crew transfer Integrated systems SWATH ships Wind turbines

2013092072 Multi-purpose offshore platform (MpOP). MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 76, p 623 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Santana, N. English This paper describes a new concept of a multipurpose offshore platform as headquarters of a wind/wave farm and fish farm. To be sited in locations where the water depth exceeds 50m, the proposed solution is a semi-submersible platform, framed type, with a payload of nearly 600 metric tons. It can be fully assembled onshore and towed to its final location with significant commissioning cost savings. The platform may have multiple layouts withy dedicated areas for work on deck, cranes, access for equipment and personnel, ration silos and helipad. This new concept enables an efficient development of different business areas coexisting in the offshore environment, minimizing environmental impact with large economic benefits in infrastructure investment and management. Offshore platforms Semisubmersibles Versatility

2013092074 Dynamics and hydrodynamics of a ship like wave energy converter in roll. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 79, p 655 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Tello, M., Bhattacharjee, J., Guedes Soares, C. English The hydrodynamic and dynamic performance of a wave energy device designed to convert ocean wave energy by roll motion is analysed. To perform the study, the coastal zone of Leixs, Portugal, is chosen as the installation site; the main hull characteristics

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are designed aiming to match the predominant wave period of the operational zone. The frequency domain transfer functions are obtained, viscous roll damping corrections are introduced, and the power take off influence is also taken into account. Moreover, analysis based on irregular seas is made aiming to estimate the responses in a real sea state. The results show that the designed geometrical shapes guaranties amplitudes in roll higher than 3o for the most common zero crossing period and the observed significant wave height. Further, a static analysis of the mooring system reveals that less heavy materials for the mooring line reduces the vertical loads on the fairlead and the anchor point. In addition, subsurface floaters may be added to the mooring system in order to further reduce the load, especially the vertical load at the fairlead. Rolling Wave energy conversion

was verified through the experiment. According to the present study, it is concluded that the 3dimensional numerical analysis has simulated the experimental values relatively well and also, the 2dimensional analysis can be a useful tool in the parametric study for the turbine design. Computational fluid dynamics Tidal power Turbines

2013092076 Static and dynamic mooring analysis stability of floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) risers for extreme environmental conditions. International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, v 5 n 2, 2013, p 179 [9 p, 9 ref, 8 tab, 8 fig] http://jnaoe.org/index.php/jnaoe/article/view/JNAOE. 2013.5.2.179 Rho, Y-H., Kim, K., Et al English Floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) facilities are used at most of the offshore oil fields worldwide. FPSO usage is expected to grow as oil fields move to deeper water, thus requiring the reliability and stability of mooring wires and risers in extreme environmental conditions. Except for the case of predictable attack angles of external loadings, FPSO facilities with turret single point mooring (SPM) systems are in general use. There are two types of turret systems: permanent systems and disconnectable turret mooring systems. Extreme environment criteria for permanent moorings are usually based on a 100-year return period event. It is common to use two or three environments including the 100-year wave with associated wind and current, and the 100-year wind with associated waves and current. When fitted with a disconnectable turret mooring system, FPSOs can be used in areas where it is desirable to remove the production unit from the field temporarily to prevent exposure to extreme events such as cyclones or large icebergs. Static and dynamic mooring analyses were performed to evaluate the stability of a spider buoy after disconnection from a turret during cyclone environmental conditions. Environmental loads FPSOs Risers Tension

2013092075 Performance analysis and design of vertical axis tidal stream turbine. Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering, v 2 n 4, April 2012, p 191 [10 p, 5 ref, 2 tab, 16 fig] http://davidpublishing.org/show.html?7922 Hyun, B-S., Choi, D-H., Et al English This study numerically analyses the unsteady flow around the Darrieus-type turbine by using FLUENT and deals with the application to the design of blades. Two kinds of blade sections were used in this study. Unsteady RANS equation and the turbulence model, either k- or k- model, which are appropriate for each blade section, were employed. First for the NACA 634-021blade that the experimental data is available; the 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional numerical analyses have been performed and compared with the experimental result. For the optimisation of the turbine, the parametric study has been performed to check the performance in accordance with the changes in the number of blades, solidity and camber. It is demonstrated that the present approach could draw the turbine characteristics better in performance than the existing turbine. Next for the NACA 653-018 blade with the high lift-drag ratio from the purpose of developing highly-efficient turbine, this study has also tried to get the highly efficient turbine specifications by analysing the performance while using 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional numerical analyses and the result

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2.7 SAFETY AT SEA

2013092077 The multi-step matrix game of safe ship control with different amounts admissible strategies. TransNav 2013, 10th Jubilee Conference on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Navigational Problems; 19-21 June 2013; Gdynia, Poland. Organised by Faculty of Navigation of Gdynia Maritime University and The Nautical Institute. Published by CRC Press 2013; ISBN 9781-138-00107-7. Chapter 1.2, pp 19-28 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978113800107 7 Lisowski, J. English This paper describes the process of safe ship control in a collision situation using a differential game model with j participants. The basic model of the process includes nonlinear state equations and nonlinear, time varying constraints of the state variables as well as the quality game control index in the forms of the game integral payment and the final payment. As an approximated model of the manoeuvring process, a model of multi-step matrix game in the form of dual linear programming problem has been adopted. The Risk Game Manoeuvring (RGM) computer program has been designed in the Matlab/Simulink software in order to determine the own ships safe trajectory. These considerations have been illustrated with examples of a computer simulation using an RGM program for determining the safe ships trajectory in real navigational situation during passing ten objects. Simulations research were passed for five sets of admissible strategies of the own ship and met objects. Control systems Ship collisions

2013092078 Functionality of navigation decision supporting system NAVDEC. TransNav 2013, 10th Jubilee Conference on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Navigational Problems; 19-21 June 2013; Gdynia, Poland. Organised by Faculty of Navigation of Gdynia Maritime University and The Nautical Institute. Published by CRC Press 2013; ISBN 9781-138-00107-7. Chapter 2.1, pp 43-46 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978113800107 7 Woejsza, P. English The know navigational systems in use and methods of navigation decision support perform information functions and as such are helpful in the process of safe conduct of a vessel. However, none of these known systems provides a navigator with ready solutions of collision situations taking account of the entire vessel in the proximity of own ship, where the Collision Regulations apply. Another shortcoming of these systems is that they do not explain the assessment of a navigational situation and proposed manoeuvre parameters. This paper presents functionality of New Navigational Supporting System (NAVDEC) both for ocean going ships and pleasure craft. Decision support systems Navigational systems

2013092079 A study on the development of navigation visual supporting system and its sea trial test. TransNav 2013, 10th Jubilee Conference on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Navigational Problems; 19-21 June 2013; Gdynia, Poland. Organised by Faculty of Navigation of Gdynia Maritime University and The Nautical Institute. Published by CRC Press 2013; ISBN 9781-138-00107-7. Chapter 2.2, pp 47-52 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978113800107 7 Im, N., Kim, E.K., Et al English This paper shows the developed navigation visual supporting system that will help watch officers recognize small floating objects such as sea marks on the sea more easily. Sea trial tests were carried out to verify its performance on the sea. The system consists of a computer video sensor for video signal, a laser distance measuring unit, a Pan/Tilt unit, and a

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central control unit. The video signal and the laser distance measuring unit were installed inside the Pan/Tilt unit. The developed system was mounted in a training ship for a sea trial test to evaluate the recognition ability for buoyage and lighthouses. The image from the system was compared with that of a binocular telescope within a 5 km radius. The developed system could be used to recognize small buoys or dangerous floating objects in a harbour area more easily and quickly. Navigational aids Sea trials Visual aids

applied to determine the distribution. Based on the distribution and decision-making rules, a set of decisions that possibly may be taken in accordance with the assumed criterion of optimisation, has been developed. Also, the paper presents a simple example of calculation in order to demonstrate that determination of the consequences of making a decision is more important than estimation of the probability of occurrence of particular situations during a ship cruise. Decision making Safety

2013092081 2013092080 Issue of making decision with regard to ship traffic safety in different situations at sea. TransNav 2013, 10th Jubilee Conference on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Navigational Problems; 19-21 June 2013; Gdynia, Poland. Organised by Faculty of Navigation of Gdynia Maritime University and The Nautical Institute. Published by CRC Press 2013; ISBN 9781-138-00107-7. Chapter 2.4, pp 63-70 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978113800107 7 Girtler, J. English The paper refers to the possibilities of making operational decisions that would ensure ship safety in the case of application of statistical decision theory with consideration of an expected value of consequences as a criterion for making such decisions. General description includes conditions for carrying out transportation tasks by ships and it has been shown that following this description it is possible to develop a five-state set of situations at sea, which a ship can face. It has been proved that the situations (elements of the set) can be considered as states of the process of the particular situations occurring, consecutively one by one. The paper provides definitions for probabilities of occurrence of the particular states (situations) contained in this set, in which a ship can carry out its voyage. The probabilities have been defined for a long operating time for a ship (t), which means that they are a limiting distribution of the process of state transitions. The theory of semi-Markov processes has been Ship handling in wind and current with neuroevolutionary decision support system TransNav 2013, 10th Jubilee Conference on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Navigational Problems; 19-21 June 2013; Gdynia, Poland. Organised by Faculty of Navigation of Gdynia Maritime University and The Nautical Institute. Published by CRC Press 2013; ISBN 9781-138-00107-7. Chapter 2.5, pp 71-77 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978113800107 7 cki, M. English This paper describes the advanced intelligent ship handling system which simulates a learning process of an autonomous control unit. This unit, called an artificial helmsman, controls the model of a ship passing through a restricted water area. Simulated helmsmen are treated as individuals in population, which through environmental sensing and evolutionary algorithms learn to perform a given task efficiently. The task is: safe navigation through restricted water, regarding an influence of winds and currents. Neuro-evolutinary methods, which develop artificial neural networks with evolutionary algorithms, have been applied in this system. Navigational safety Ocean currents Restricted waters Shiphandling Wind conditions

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2013092082 Vessel traffic stream analysis in vicinity of The Great Belt Bridge. TransNav 2013, 10th Jubilee Conference on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Navigational Problems; 19-21 June 2013; Gdynia, Poland. Organised by Faculty of Navigation of Gdynia Maritime University and The Nautical Institute. Published by CRC Press 2013; ISBN 9781-138-00107-7. Chapter 3.5, pp 109-113 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978113800107 7 Marcjan, K., Gucma, L., Voskamp, A. English The Baltic Sea is an enclosed body of water in which an accident may have serious environmental and financial consequences. The entrances to the Baltic Sea are difficult to navigate, because the waters are shallow and the currents are strong. The Great Belt is the largest and the most important strait of Denmark, connecting the Kattegat to the Baltic Sea. Across this strait spans The Great Belt Bridge, which connects Zealand with Funen and is one of the worlds longest suspension bridges. The work in this paper is based on AIS data in the vicinity of this bridge, examining the distances between vessels while passing each other. The bridge is a narrow passage in the Strait. As a result, it encounters with a small distance appear frequently, which may finally lead to a serious accident. Passing vessels Restricted waters Vessel traffic

ships distribution function, the relationship between collision probability and each parameter is revealed. Collision risk Iceberg ramming Probability

2013092084 CO2 under fire. Shipping World & Shipbuilder, v 213 n 4293, July/August 2013, p 36 [3 p, 1 fig] http://www.imarest.org/GainKnowledge/OurMagazin es/ShippingWorldShipbuilder.aspx No author given English Voices in the maritime industry are expressing concern about the safety and effectiveness of carbon dioxide (CO2) fire extinguishing plants aboard ships. This article looks at the potential shortcomings of these systems. Carbon dioxide Fire extinguishing systems

2013092085 Human reliability assessment during offshore emergency conditions. Safety Science, v 59, November 2013, pp 19-27 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092 575351300088X Musharraf, M., Hassan, J., Et al English This paper presents a quantitative approach to Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) during emergency conditions in an offshore environment. Due to the lack of human error data for emergency conditions most of the available HRA methodologies are based on expert judgment techniques. Expert judgment suffers from uncertainty and incompleteness due to partial ignorance, which is not considered in available techniques. Furthermore, traditional approaches suffer from unrealistic assumptions regarding the independence of the human factors and associated actions. The focus of this paper is to address the issue of handling uncertainty associated with expert judgments with evidence theory and to represent the dependency among the human factors and associated actions using a Bayesian Network (BN) approach. The Human Error Probability (HEP) during different phases of an emergency is then assessed using a Bayesian approach integrated with an evidence theory approach. To understand the applicability of the ABSTRACTS

2013092083 Calculation method research of geometric collision probability for ship and ice. Journal of Ship Mechanics, v 17 n 4, April 2013, p 38 [7 p, 6 ref, 9 fig] http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTALCBLX201304008.htm Zhang, J., Wan, Z-q., Et al Chinese Based on the probability theory of two-dimension continuous random variables and the concept of complex aerospace engineering, a typical channel in a specific area is chosen as an object, the collision geometric probability calculation mathematical model between ships and ice is put forward. With Matlab, the program is compiled and the geometric collision probability is calculated. Finally, by studying the sizes of ships and ice floes, relevant parameters of the 730

proposed approach, results are compared with an analytical approach: Success Likelihood Index Methodology (SLIM). The comparative study demonstrates that the proposed approach is effective in assessing human error likelihood. In addition to being simple, it possesses additional capability, such as updating as new information becomes available and representing complex interaction. Use of the proposed method would provide an effective mechanism of human reliability assessment in hazardous operations. Emergencies Human factors Offshore Risk analysis

2013092087 A discussion on the duty of an anchored vessel to avoid collision. TransNav 2013, 10th Jubilee Conference on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Advances in Marine Navigation; 19-21 June 2013; Gdynia, Poland. Organised by Faculty of Navigation of Gdynia Maritime University and The Nautical Institute. Published by CRC Press 2013; ISBN 9781-138-00106-0. Chapter 7.6, pp 243-245 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978113800106 0 Zhang, P. English It is very common to see a collision at sea between an anchored vessel and another vessel underway. When determining liability between an anchored vessel and the other vessel in a collision, the anchored vessel may usually be held not liable, especially in the judgement of the maritime authority or maritime court. The author discusses some issues in respect of a collision between an anchored vessel and other vessels under the International Regulations for Preventing Collision at Sea, adopted by the International Maritime Organization in 1972 (COLREG), and then considers a number of opinions regarding duties of anchored vessels to avoid collision at sea under COLREG. Collision avoidance Moored vessels Rules of the road

2013092086 Safety guidelines of ultimate hull girder strength for grounded container ships. Safety Science, v 59, November 2013, pp 46-54 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092 5753513000933 Kim, D.K., Pedersen, P.T., Et al English Various accidents commonly occur on operating ships. The structural damage caused by such accidents is often accompanied by casualties and serious pollution. In this regard, an accidental riskbased approach that is in line with the Goal Based Standard (GBS) of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) is being developed in the literature. In this paper, the residual ultimate longitudinal strength versus grounding damage index diagram (RD diagram) for container ships is established as per the method of Paik et al. (2012). The proposed RD diagram should be useful for defining acceptance damage criteria and making rapid salvage plans or rescue schemes for container ships that have sustained a grounding accident. Containerships Groundings Marine accidents Safety

2013092088 Maritime risk assessment: modelling collisions with vessel lying at an anchorage. TransNav 2013, 10th Jubilee Conference on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Advances in Marine Navigation; 19-21 June 2013; Gdynia, Poland. Organised by Faculty of Navigation of Gdynia Maritime University and The Nautical Institute. Published by CRC Press 2013; ISBN 9781-138-00106-0. Chapter 10.1, pp 287-291 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978113800106 0 Burmeister, H.-C., Jahn, C., Et al English This paper proposes a collision model for ships underway and temporary objects as an extension to state-of-the-art maritime risk assessment. It gives a brief review of frequency modelling theory and its

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applications, before deriving an analogue model to assess the risk of anchorage areas. Subsequently, its benefit is demonstrated by an example scenario. Collision risk Moored vessels Risk analysis

2013092090 Decision support system for the safe operation of fishing vessels in waves. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 20, p 153 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Rodrigues, J.M., Perara, L.P., Guedes Soares, C. English The paper describes an on board decision support system that is being developed to support the operation of fishing vessels in waves, in particular for the decision about ship handling in waves that have to do with vessel safety. The system includes a component of hardware that monitors several motion related parameters, and a component of data processing that uses those measurements and provides the ship master with the consequences of the different ship handling decisions. The paper describes the decision criteria and the approaches adopted for the calculation of the parameters that govern the masters decisions. It describes the software that was developed to perform those calculations an to display in a user interface the advice to the master as well as the data acquisition and processing hardware that has been considered and tested to be installed on board. Decision support systems Fishing vessels Safety

2013092089 Fuzzy risk of ship grounding in restricted waters. TransNav 2013, 10th Jubilee Conference on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Advances in Marine Navigation; 19-21 June 2013; Gdynia, Poland. Organised by Faculty of Navigation of Gdynia Maritime University and The Nautical Institute. Published by CRC Press 2013; ISBN 9781-138-00106-0. Chapter 10.3, pp 297-303 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978113800106 0 Zalewski, P. English The failure data available for power, navigation, propulsion and steering systems onboard ships are often accompanied with a high degree of uncertainty. For this reason the use of conventional probabilistic risk assessment methods may not be well suited. The approach described uses fault tree analysis to calculate the fuzzy probability of the systems failure. The risks associated with failure events are determined by combining their fuzzy probability and possible fuzzy consequences to produce a fuzzy risk ranking. The parameters of fuzzy consequences model and the total risk ranking comprising grounding risk of seaworthy vessel and defective vessel are based on simulation trials run on a full mission ship simulator. Fuzzy systems Groundings Risk analysis Restricted waters

2013092091 Risk assessment to the approach and berth of LNG vessels at the FLNG systems. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 52, p 425 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Anto, P., Guedes Soares, C. English A risk assessment is performed for the approach manoeuvres of an LNG vessel to berth and moor at a floating liquefied natural gas platform. In order to fulfil that objective, an identification of the procedures of berthing and mooring in good and bad weather is performed. Based on this analysis several hazards are identified. These hazards are mainly a result of human errors or equipment failures and are

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then quantified based on expert opinion in terms of frequency of occurrence and potential consequences. These procedures correspond to the first two steps of the IMO Formal Safety Assessment. Based on the obtained results it is possible to identify situations of higher risk based on a predefined risk acceptance criterion. Berthing LNG carriers Manoeuvring Risk analysis

and shows how to utilise experimental data from 30minute test runs for the s factor based on longer duration of tests. Unexpectedly, the extension of tests has a modest effect on the survival factor, and hence modest effect on subdivision index A. Much more important is improving a deficient formulation for the required index R, as flooding cases with si = 1 have an infinite survival time. Flooding International Maritime Organization Regulations Ship survivability

2013092092 Modelling the risk of product spills in LNG tankers. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 53, p 433 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Natacci, F.B., Anto, P., Et al English The purpose of this study is to develop a risk model associated with LNG spills during the whole shipping process, identifying their causes as well as the corresponding operations when spills are detected. Some of these operations take place in the LNG terminals. The spillage frequencies occurrences are also quantified. These activities are an inherent part of the safety analysis procedure, employing the fault tree technique. Both the cause identification and the frequency quantification are based on data collected earlier (IMO, 2007). Hazardous material spills LNG carriers Risk analysis 2013092094 Human factors and safety culture in maritime safety. TransNav 2013, 10th Jubilee Conference on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation STCW, Maritime Education and Training, Human Resources and Crew Manning g, Maritime Policy, Logistics and Economic Mattersuma; 19-21 June 2013; Gdynia, Poland. Organised by Faculty of Navigation of Gdynia Maritime University and The Nautical Institute. Published by CRC Press 2013; ISBN 978-1-138-00104-6. Chapter 3.3, pp 107-115 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978113800104 6 Berg, H.P. English As in every industry at risk, the human and organisational factors constitute the main stakes for maritime safety. Furthermore, several events at sea have been used to develop appropriate risk models. The investigation on maritime accidents is, nowadays, a very important tool to identify the problems related to human factors and can support accident prevention and the improvement of maritime safety. Operation of ships is full of regulations, instructions and guidelines also addressing human factors and safety culture to enhance safety. However, even though the roots of a safety culture have been established, there are still serious barriers to the breakthrough of the safety management. One of the most common deficiencies in the case of maritime transport is the respective monitoring and documentation usually lacking adequacy and excellence. Nonetheless, the maritime are can be exemplified from other industries where activities are ongoing to foster and enhance safety culture. Human factors Safety

2013092093 Developing the s factor. Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering, v 1 n 1, June 2011, p 1 [7 p, 7 ref, 2 tab, 6 fig] http://davidpublishing.org/show.html?346 Pawowski, M. English The current various proposals at the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) for the s factor (probability of surviving a given flooding) make no reference to survival time. The paper shows a direct link of the prime s factor with the time to capsize ABSTRACTS

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2013092095 Risk mitigation of LNG ship damage from large spills. LNG 17, 17th International Conference and Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas; 16-19 April 2013; Houston, Texas, US. Organised by Gas Technology Institute. Safety, Health & Environment Session [17 p, 8 ref, 1 tab, 5 fig] http://www.gastechnology.org/Training/Documents/L NG17-proceedings/5-6-Mike_Hightower.pdf Hightower, M., Petti, J., Lopez, C. English This paper summarizes LNG ship cryogenic and fire damage and cascading damage potential identified for small to large LNG spills in recent research efforts conducted from 2008 through 2011. The level of damage and the cascading damage potential for the different type of LNG ships is discussed for a range of credible accidental and intentional events. The impact of events have been evaluated for both nearshore and off-shore LNG export and import operations. General and specific risk management approaches that could be considered to reduce the risks and hazards to LNG ships are presented. Specific cascading damage and risk management concerns, concepts, approaches, and options are highlighted. Damage LNG carriers LNG spills Risk management

have examined the potential hazards from an accidental or intentional breach of an LNG cargo tank and the potential for cascading damage. Here, cascading damage is defined as damage caused to the LNG ship or cargo tanks from an initial spill that would lead to the subsequent release of LNG from additional cargo tanks. In 2007, the US Government Accountability Office produced a report on LNG research and identified several areas where additional research was suggested. Improving the state-ofknowledge surrounding the potential for cascading damage to LNG ships was among the most critical needs. The study of cascading damage issues has proven difficult primarily due to the fact that these events require the analysis of the interaction of a series of complex physical processes (e.g., LNG flow, heat transfer, fire development, and structural fracture, damage and response). Consideration of cascading damage impacts are based on LNG vessel structural steels being extremely brittle at LNG temperatures (-161oC), and LNG fires generating very high temperatures (exceeding 1000oC) that will lower the strength of structural steels. This paper summarizes the more recent of these studies (Kalan et al., 2011, Figueroa et al., 2011, and Petti et al., 2011) which explored the cryogenic and fire thermal damage to LNG ships during a large LNG cargo tank breach and the potential for cascading structural damage. Damage LNG carriers Thermal analysis

2013092096 LNG vessel cascading damage structural and thermal analyses. LNG 17, 17th International Conference and Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas; 16-19 April 2013; Houston, Texas, US. Organised by Gas Technology Institute. Safety, Health & Environment Session [24 p, 10 ref, 3 tab, 28 fig] http://www.gastechnology.org/Training/Documents/L NG17-proceedings/5-8-Jason_Petti.pdf Petti, J., Lopez, C., Et al English The combination of the potential for the expansion of future imports and exports of liquefied natural gas (LNG) from or to the US along with the increased safety and security concerns resulting from the incidents of September 11, 2001, have led to an exploration of the impact an attack on an LNG ship would have on public safety and property. The US Department of Energy has funded several studies that 734

2013092097 A method of inferring collision ratio based on manoeuvrability of own ship under critical collision conditions. International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, v 5 n 2, 2013, p 188 [11 p, 9 ref, 5 tab, 17 fig] http://jnaoe.org/index.php/jnaoe/article/view/JNAOE. 2013.5.2.188 You, Y., Rhee, K-P., Ahn, K. English In constructing a collision avoidance system, it is important to determine the time for starting a collision avoidance manoeuvre. Many researchers have attempted to formulate various indices by applying a range of techniques. Among these indices, collision risk obtained by combining Distance to the Closest Point of Approach (DCPA) and Time to the Closest Point of Approach (TCPA) information with fuzzy theory is mostly used. However, the collision ABSTRACTS

risk has a limit, in that membership functions of DCPA and TCPA are empirically determined. In addition, the collision risk is not able to consider several critical collision conditions where the target ship fails to take appropriate actions. It is therefore necessary to design a new concept based on logical approaches. In this paper, a collision ratio is proposed, which is the expected ratio of unavoidable paths to total paths under suitably characterized operation conditions. Total paths are determined by considering categories such as action space and methodology of avoidance. The International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (1972) and collision avoidance rules (2001) are considered to solve the slower ship dilemma. Different methods which are based on a constant speed model and simulated speed model are used to calculate the relative positions between own ship and target ship. In the simulated speed model, fuzzy control is applied to determination of command rudder angle. At various encounter situations, the time histories of the collision ratio based on the simulated speed model are compared with those based on the constant speed model. Collision avoidance manoeuvres Collision risk Ratios

preliminary test to confirm the accuracy of the PNUMPS method for the two-phase problem and to investigate the influence of the gradient model, numerical simulations for the RayleighTaylor instability were carried out by using an appropriate gradient model and applying a high-order time integration scheme, i.e. 4th-order RungeKutta scheme, it was found that the simulation results became closer to the experimental ones, by which the oil-leaking speed and Torricelli's factor relating the speed predicted by using the hydrostatic balance and the real leakage speed were measured and assessed. Numerical analysis Oil leakage Tank punctures

2013092099 A new criteria to apply weight-dependent CATSthr to cost-benefit analysis within the framework of IMO environmental-FSA studies. Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering, v 1 n 1, June 2011, p 150 [12 p, 14 ref, 2 tab, 16 fig] http://davidpublishing.org/show.html?441 Yamada, Y., Kaneko, F. English The purpose of this paper is to investigate reasonable cost benefit criteria within the framework of environmental formal safety assessment (FSA). In this study a statistical analysis of oil spill data was carried out based on the report of International Oil Pollution Compensation Funds. According to the statistical study of actual oil spill from tankers, it is found that collisions and groundings are the most probable causes of the oil spills from tankers. Probability distributions of costs of oil spill and oil spill amount are investigated, and a non-linear regression formula between costs of oil spills and oil spill weight are derived. Using the regression formula, an oil spill weight dependent CATSthr (Cost of Averting a Ton of oil Spilt) is proposed. Moreover in order to apply the weight dependent CATSthr to cost benefit analysis (CBA), a new cost-effective criterion is newly proposed with considering its concrete application to environmental FSA. Cost benefit analysis Environmental protection International Maritime Organization Oil spills

2.8 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

2013092098 Numerical prediction of oil amount leaked from a damaged tank using two-dimensional moving particle simulation method. Ocean Engineering, v 69, 1 September 2013, pp 7078 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002 980181300190X Park, J.C., Nam, J.-W., Et al English When an oil-spill accident occurs at sea, it causes tremendous economic loss and environmental damage. To minimize these marine disasters, predicting the amount of oil-leaking is one of the most important things for quick response and decision making in the early stage of the accident. In this study, numerical investigation on the oil-leaking phenomena from a two-dimensional damaged tank was carried out to predict the amount of oil leaking from a leakage hole of a rectangular tank by using the PNU-MPS (Pusan-National-University-modified Moving Particle Simulation) method. As a ABSTRACTS

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2013092100 Catastrophe theory in intelligent control systems of vessel operational strength. TransNav 2013, 10th Jubilee Conference on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Navigational Problems; 19-21 June 2013; Gdynia, Poland. Organised by Faculty of Navigation of Gdynia Maritime University and The Nautical Institute. Published by CRC Press 2013; ISBN 9781-138-00107-7. Chapter 1.3, pp 29-34 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978113800107 7 Burakovskiy, E.P., Nechaev, Yu. I., Et al English The calculation paradigm at extreme situation modelling onboard intelligent control systems of marine vessels is discussed. Special attention is paid to solving complexity problems and adequacy of mathematical models in uncertainty situations and insufficiency of initial information. Catastrophe theory Control systems

implementation to determine safe optimal route of passage between harbours. Static and dynamic constraints such as land, channels, shallows as well as encountered ships are taken into account. Assumptions of the system, description of the algorithm and recent results are presented. Decision support systems Navigational systems Optimisation

2013092102 Hydro-acoustic noise from merchant ships impacts and practical mitigation techniques. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 4B.1, p 201 [8 p, 41 ref, 1 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Rensilson, M., Leaper, R., Boisseau, O. English As the noisiest conventional merchant vessels are likely to suffer from excessive propeller cavitation, it is possible that a substantial reduction in the noise generated by these vessels can be achieved by reducing the extent of this cavitation. However the factors that contribute towards a ship being particularly noisy for its class are not well understood. The paper reports on a number of noise measurement studies of individual vessels and reviews a range of measures that may reduce underwater noise for the noisiest vessels in combination with improvements in fuel efficiency. Fuel conservation Noise reduction Underwater acoustics

2013092101 Application of ant colony optimisation in ships navigational decision support system. TransNav 2013, 10th Jubilee Conference on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Navigational Problems; 19-21 June 2013; Gdynia, Poland. Organised by Faculty of Navigation of Gdynia Maritime University and The Nautical Institute. Published by CRC Press 2013; ISBN 9781-138-00107-7. Chapter 2.3, pp 53-62 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978113800107 7 Lazarowska, A. English The aim of a navigational decision support system is to aid in the process of conducting navigation. Determination of global optimal route between harbours, monitoring of current navigational situation and determination of safe manoeuvre or trajectory of won ship in collision situation constitute the tasks of the system. The paper introduces an innovative approach of ant colony optimisation algorithm

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2013092103 Energy audits on Australian fishing vessels. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 7B.2, p 331 [7 p, 7 ref, 2 tab, 2 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Wakeford, J., Bose, N. English Most of the Australian commercial fishing fleet is very dependent on petroleum fuel as an energy source. To identify ways of saving fuel and reducing the associated expense a three tiered energy audit process for fishing vessels was developed and subsequently implemented. Seven vessels, including fish and prawn (shrimp) trawlers, as well as fish and crayfish pot/trap vessels, were audited to a Level 1 or 2 standard. The auditing process exposed: a reluctance by many fishing companies to undertake an audit; inadequate record keeping by some companies to enable an audit to be undertaken; insufficient qualified technical people to provide the necessary input on technologically based upgrades; and difficulty in determining accurate payback periods for many of the potential upgrades due to a paucity of relevant technical data. The audit results showed that rising fuel prices are less likely to impact on passive fishing methods (diesel cost/revenue ranged from 0.09-0.17 for the passive methods cf. 0.18-0.34 for the active methods), and such methods can yield comparable levels of seafood production per unit of fuel to active methods (with catch (kg)/fuel used (L) ranging from 0.40-1.07 cf. 0.19-1.28 for passive and active fishing methods respectively). A range of upgrade/improvement options are presented in summarised form for one of the audited fish trawlers, together with the outcome of several subsequent upgrades recommended in the report. Fuel conservation Fishing vessels Reviews

2013092104 Risk-informed optimal routing of ships considering different damage scenarios and operational conditions. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, v 119 November 2013, pp 126-140 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S095 1832013001488 Dec, A., Frangopol, D.M. English The aim of this paper is the development of a riskinformed decision tool for the optimal missionoriented routing of ships. The strength of the hull is investigated by modelling the midship section with finite elements and by analysing different damage levels depending on the propagation of plastification throughout the section. Vertical and horizontal flexural interaction is investigated. Uncertainties associated with geometry and material properties are accounted for by means of the implementation of the response surface method. Load effects are evaluated using strip theory. Reliability analysis is performed for several ship operational conditions and considering four different limit states. Then, risk is assessed by including the direct losses associated with five investigated damage states. The effects of corrosion on aged ships are included in the proposed approach. Polar representation of load effects, reliability, and direct risk are presented for a large spectrum of operational conditions. Finally, the optimal routing of ships is obtained by minimizing both the estimated time of arrival and the expected direct risk, which are clearly conflicting objectives. The optimisation process provides feasible solutions belonging to the Pareto front. The proposed approach is applied to a Joint High Speed Sealift. Conditions Damage Risk analysis Ship routing

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2013092105 Short sea shipping route and stowage plan optimisation. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 9, p 73 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Martins, P.T., Lobo, V., Moura, A. English Short Sea Shipping is the name given to the use of ships to transport cargo within a country, or between neighbouring countries. The European Union considers all intra-European sea transport as Short Sea Shipping, and has defined its efficient use as strategic goal. This form of transport has many recognized advantages over rail and road, but suffers from lack of flexibility. This paper proposes a logistic model for short sea shipping that greatly increases flexibility, and that may reduce costs substantially. The model is described and formalized, and a generic algorithm based optimisation procedure is presented, to assign cargo and routes to each ship, as well as provide stowage plans. The proposed method is used on a small problem that illustrates the advantages that can be obtained. Optimisation Ship routing Short sea vessels Stowage

responsible for ships manoeuvring. Therefore, when giving directions to change tugboats posture, persons who handle their ships are required to send out tug orders, taking into account this delay time, a time lag between the orders from ships and the actions taken by tugboats. Tug Orders standardized and used in Japan are composed of the following three factors: tugboat motion, engine power and direction, but the authors research shows that there are Nonstandard special manoeuvring orders other than those standardized, which causes such problems as a gap in perception between pilots and tugboat operators, etc. The purpose of this paper is to research the delay time between orders for and actions by tugboats and consider the appropriate and safe timing of providing instructions to them, and then to propose globally-authorized Standard Manoeuvring Orders for tugboats, discussing a problem involved in the use of the special orders used in Japan, and the way in which tug orders are used in other countries. Manoeuvring Standards Tugs

2013092107 The stability of market shares in liner shipping. Review of Industrial Organisation, v 42 n 1, February 2013, pp 85-106 http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11151-0129359-3 Fusillo, M. English The Ocean Shipping Reform Act (OSRA) of 1998 significantly shifted the industrial structure of liner shipping markets from one that was dominated by price-fixing liner shipping conferences to one that is dominated by non-binding discussion agreements, global alliances, and long-term confidential contracting. The objective of this paper is to determine the extent to which the abandonment of the liner conference system on U.S. trade lanes affected the market share stability of individual steamship lines. The approach is to estimate a model of market share variation in U.S. liner shipping markets and compare the results under the two separate regulatory regimes. Liner conferences Liner shipping Market analysis Shipping companies

2013092106 Proposal for global standard manoeuvring orders for tugboats. TransNav 2013, 10th Jubilee Conference on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Advances in Marine Navigation; 19-21 June 2013; Gdynia, Poland. Organised by Faculty of Navigation of Gdynia Maritime University and The Nautical Institute. Published by CRC Press 2013; ISBN 9781-138-00106-0. Chapter 5.1, pp 149-153 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978113800106 0 Ishikura, A., Sugita, K., Et al English The use of Standard Manoeuvring Orders for tugboats, vocabulary and phrases mutually pre-agreed between ships and tugboats, is essential for the ship to provide clear directions for the tug when berthing or unberthing safely. Tugboats will need time to change their posture after receiving the orders from persons 738

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2013092108 Planning a fleet of containerships for a given set of ports. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 11, p 77 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Silva, C.A., Guedes Soares, C. English The potential growth of short sea shipping motivated the study of a methodology to be used as a decision support tool in determining the composition of the fleet that is required for a given market scenario. The model allows both the parameters regarding the demand of markets and the characteristics of the fleet to be varied so as to evaluate the sensitivity of the response. The tool also provides enough information to prepare the fleet deployment, establishing its routes and scales in the ports of a particular scenario. The adopted methodology may be divided in two parts, the first one being related to the generation of all feasible routes, with parameters specific to each route for each vessel. The second part is the development of a linear programming model to minimize the total cost of the shipping operation. The models were structured to present three main points: the evaluation of the fleet for each vessel class; the optimal route for each vessel and the frequency in each port. To provide a supporting base towards the mandatory validation, a fictitious case study is presented and several sensitivity analyses are developed to test the models robustness and coherence. Containerships Fleet planning Passage planning

Nomoto model. The sliding mode approach is proposed as the nonlinear controller. The sliding mode controller is able to deal with parameter uncertainties and un-modelled dynamics, it quantifies the model response and the performance trade-offs, and it rejects external disturbances in vessel steering. The stability conditions of the sliding mode controller are analysed considering a Lyapunov candidate function. Finally, the proposed control algorithm is simulated and successful results are reported for a nonlinear vessel steering system. Control Nonlinearity Steering systems

2013092110 Distributed cognition on modern ships. RINA Transactions - IJMD, v 155 Part C1, 2013, p 1 [9 p, 19 ref, 1 tab, 5 fig] http://www.rina.org.uk/international_journal_of_mar ine_design.html Harris, D. English Human Factors is no longer simply concerned with the design of equipment and work stations. This old view of the Human Factors discipline is being superseded by a systems-based approach which examines all aspects of the working environment and makes little or no attempt to separate the human, machine and task environment. This socio-technical systems approach complements the latest thinking from cognitive science which regards the human use of technological artefacts as a joint cognitive system. People work in distributed teams, who all have a slightly different perspective of the system; the tools that they use serve as 'cognitive amplifiers' to enhance human abilities. This brief overview begins by examining the operation of ships in the context of a socio-technical system and extends this to describe them as a joint cognitive system. This is illustrated using the contrasting tasks of navigating a high speed craft and fighting a Type 23 frigate. In both cases, however, the information underpinning situation awareness belongs to neither the crew nor the vessel alone. It is an interaction between the technology and the teams on board. Cognition Ship operation

2013092109 A nonlinear control approach for a vessel steering system. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 17, p 133 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Perera, L.P., Guedes Soares, C. English This paper proposes a nonlinear control approach for a vessel steering system. A nonlinear vessel steering system is derived considering the second order linear ABSTRACTS

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2013092111 Onboard ship management overview system an information sharing system on board. RINA Transactions - IJMD, v 155 Part C1, 2013, p 11 [4 p, 19 ref, 1 fig] http://www.rina.org.uk/international_journal_of_mar ine_design.html Ltzhft, M., Lundh, M., Porathe, T. English In response to increased information and communication systems on board ships, it is recognised that communication within the ship and between ships or ship-shore must be optimised. With fewer crew members on-board coordination is more important and the voyage management can be optimised for demands on for example energy efficiency, safety and on-board resource use and availability (e.g. crew members). A pilot study shows that large interactive surfaces have promise for supporting the coordination of the voyage planning and execution. Ship management Shipboard management information systems

benefits are considerable and they result in direct saving in fuel consumption, reduction of CO2 emissions and less congested port areas. Energy conservation Speed reduction Voyage time

2013092113 Effect of propulsion system parameters on fuel consumption by inland vessel. Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering, v 2 n 2, February 2012, p 107 [8 p, 4 ref, 1 tab, 8 fig] http://davidpublishing.org/show.html?5230 Kulczyk, J., Skupie, E. English Fuel consumption has a significant effect on the operating costs of inland vessels. It is possible to estimate fuel consumption for the prescribed operating conditions on the basis of the propulsion systems parameters. The method described in this paper is based on a mathematical model of the hydrodynamic interactions in the propulsion system of the inland vessel. The power demand for the given operating conditions is calculated using the vessel and propulsion system parameters as the input data. Then fuel consumption is determined on the basis of the engine characteristics. The method allows one to analyse the effect of individual parameters on the operation of the propulsion system. This paper presents the results of tests of the newly upgraded propulsion system of the Bizon III push tug. The upgrade included the replacement of the main engines and a change of the propeller pitch. The presented analysis concerns the effect of propeller pitch on fuel consumption in given operating conditions. The influence of other propeller parameters is also analysed. A range of operation in which the main engines are free from overload was determined for the upgraded propulsion system. Then the operating parameters optimum with regard to fuel consumption was determined. It was found that the propeller pitch is optimal only in a narrow range of vessel speed but it is adequate to the actual conditions in which the Bizon III pusher tug operates. Fuel consumption Inland waterways vessels Propulsion systems

2013092112 Virtual arrival: a real option for energy saving? RINA Transactions IJME part A2, April-June 2013 http://www.rina.org.uk/ijme.html Capurso, V., Ferrando, M., Et al English Maritime traffic is the real backbone of the international transport of goods worldwide and it is driven by a severe observance of time scheduling. Nevertheless, mainly in relation to the most travelled routes, congested port facilities might frequently occur and the time schedule for ship loading/unloading operations is accordingly delayed. In these circumstances the choice is between meeting the original estimated time of arrival (ETA) and then let the ship ride at anchor or slowing down the ship in order to adjust the arrival to the actually needed time window. The latter option is called "Virtual Arrival" because it consists of applying a speed reduction that fits the new time for port operations instead of arriving at the original ETA. The purpose of this paper is to investigate to what extent the Virtual Arriva l policy could be a valuable option providing a Reasonable energy saving for ships. The potential

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2013092114 Analysis of short sea shipping-based logistics corridors in the Baltic Sea region. Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering, v 2 n 5, May 2012, p 304 [16 p, 83 ref, 7 tab, 6 fig] http://davidpublishing.org/show.html?11263 Daduna, J.R., Hunke, K., Prause, G. English Despite recent turbulence in the global economy, the growth of global trade volumes is expected to continue in the future, leading to increased demands on the performance of logistics networks. The political framework for European Union (EU) Transport Policy Development is presented in the EU White Paper on Transport 2011 in order to build a competitive European transport system. One significant aspect is the promotion of multimodal transport in order to decrease terrestrial transport services (road and rail) and to increase services in the maritime transport sector, especially considering the relief of road and railway infrastructure. Looking at the present situation, Short Sea Shipping (SSS) is already used in many different transport fields all around the world. However, there still exists a great potential which currently is not used or not sufficiently exploited for many different reasons. In order to identify the potential use of SSS in multimodal transport, different scenarios in the Baltic Sea Region and the adjoining hinterland have been developed pointing out alternative solutions for routing. These options are analysed in detail and evaluated from different perspectives (i.e. transport and handling costs, time consumption and transportrelated emissions). Afterwards, advantages and disadvantages of each alternative are examined by taking into account economic and ecological aspects in making decision. Intermodal transportation Short sea vessels

2013092115 Training and manning for the expanding fleet of LNG carriers. LNG 17, 17th International Conference and Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas; 16-19 April 2013; Houston, Texas, US. Organised by Gas Technology Institute. People, Projects and Resources Session [8 p] http://www.gastechnology.org/Training/Documents/L NG17-proceedings/17-1-Chris_Clucas.pdf Clucas, C. English Over the next few years, the world LNG fleet is set to expand at an unprecedented rate. With many new ships and new operators entering the fleet. The LNG trade depends on safe and reliable ship operation for its continued commercial success. International requirements are set by IMO in respect of minimum training standards for sea-farers, with specific extra training required to meet the exacting challenge of carrying cryogenic LNG cargoes. SIGTTO has voluntarily introduced training standards above and beyond IMO levels, and has also published a minimum experience level for the various Senior Officer ranks on board any LNGC. The paper examines the challenges facing individual operators and the LNG shipping industry as a whole - from this sudden upsurge in demand for experienced and highly-trained sea staff. Set against a background where recruitment of seagoing personnel is increasingly difficult, and the fact that it takes around 10 years to train a cadet to take command (either of an engine room or of the entire ship). The growing shortage of sea-staff is also affecting experience levels ashore, which in turn can impact the reliability of the shipping operation itself. The author draws on many years experience in training sea-staff LNG to suggest solutions to this growing problem in the industry. LNG carriers Manning Training

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2013092116 Simulation of optimal Arctic routes using a numerical sea ice model based on an ice-coupled ocean circulation method. International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, v 5 n 2, 2013, p 210 [17 p, 24 ref, 9 tab, 13 fig] http://jnaoe.org/index.php/jnaoe/article/view/JNAOE. 2013.5.2.263 Nam, J-H., Park, I., Et al English The Arctic region is still covered by thick ice and thus finding a feasible navigating route is essential for an economical voyage. To find the optimal route, it is necessary to establish an efficient transit model that enables us to simulate every possible route in advance. In this work, an enhanced algorithm to determine the optimal route in the Arctic region is introduced. A transit model based on the simulated sea ice and environmental data numerically modelled in the Arctic is developed. By integrating the simulated data into a transit model, further applications such as route simulation, cost estimation or hindcast can be easily performed. An interactive simulation system that determines the optimal Arctic route using the transit model is developed. The simulation of optimal routes is carried out and the validity of the results is discussed. Arctic regions Ice models Passage planning Routes

hydrofoil at moderate Reynolds number Re = 7.5105. The Menter Re two equations transition model is used. The objective of this work is to identify when a laminar to turbulent transition model has to be activated to keep accurate forces predictions. First, a verification procedure is presented. Then, evolutions of global lift and drag coefficients and local pressure and friction coefficients are investigated. Finally, calculations and measurements obtained at constant angles of attack are compared to quasi-static and dynamic pitching results. Hydrodynamic forces Hydrofoils Transition flow

2013092118 Comparison of two wind and wave data sets from the North Atlantic. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 58, p 473 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Campos, R.M., Guedes Soares, C. English This paper compares two wave data sets: HIPOCAS and NOAA/NCEP. HIPOCAS is a hindcast developed under a European project and it is a result of the save model WAM-cicle4 forced by REMO surface wind fields. The wave data set of NOAA/NCEP is a forecast that has been continually performed by WAVEWATCH III since 1997, forced by GFS surface wind fields. In order to compare the described data sets, coincident time period and area were determined, which corresponds to 1997 to 2001, latitudes between 20o and 68o North and longitudes between 50o West and 04o East. The differences for the mean values and for the 99% exceedance level were calculated. Small divergences between the two data sets are identified in standard weather conditions in the North Atlantic. However, the longitudinal evolution of the differences is extremely marked in both wave field and wind fields. There is an important increase of differences for extreme

3.1 GENERAL HYDRODYNAMICS, HYDRAULICS AND OCEANOGRAPHY

2013092117 Prediction of hydrodynamic forces with and without transition model. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 13 ref, 3 tab, 8 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Delafin, P-L., Deniset, F., Et al English The paper focuses on the influence of transition on prediction of forces on a NACA 66(mod)-312 742

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situation, which is mainly due to the differences of the meridional surface wind component, occurred during the winter. Comparison Oceanographic data Wave data Wind

moment response, considering an exceeding long term probability of 10-8. For this probability level HIPOCAS data shows higher values than ERA-40. Wave climate Wave data Wave loads on ships

2013092119 Influence of wave data bases on the long term prediction of wave induced loads in ships. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 63, p 513 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Queirs, J., Bernardino, M., Guedes Soares, C. English The North Atlantic routes and the wave climate to which ships are subjected are studied using global wave data samples for each route obtained from global wave climate databases. A comparison of the results obtained for three wave databases is made for a grid covering the North Atlantic Ocean. Two transatlantic routes are considered. The significant wave height is compared for HIPOCAS, ERA-40 and COADS data sets, by evaluating the average values obtained for several periods and performing error calculations between the different data sets. Similar patterns were found for several periods and performing error calculations between the different sets. Similar patterns were found for HIPOCAS and ERA-40, the first one showing the higher maxima. COADS have smaller seasonal amplitude between maxima. The same procedure is applied to the average period, only for HIPOCAS and ERA-40 data. Higher maxima were found for the second and different contour patterns. Data sets (HIPOCAS e ERTA-40) of significant wave height and peak period associated with the two transatlantic routes are obtained. A study on the suitability of the Lonowe model for the description of the sae state by determining the joint probability distribution function for both routes is performed. A long-term formulation of wave induced vertical bending moments is applied to the several sea state descriptions obtained from different data, in order to achieve the value of wave induced vertical bending

3.2 RESISTANCE AND PROPULSIVE PERFORMANCE

2013092120 Computational tools for propeller cavitation analysis. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [5 p, 20 ref, 4 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Bensow, R.E., Bark, G., Et al English When it comes to assessing cavitation effects in propeller design, potential flow codes represent a quick and fairly reliable tool to determine the main influence of cavitation on thrust and efficiency around the design point. This includes to some extent also pressure pulses of the lowest harmonics. However, more detailed effects of cavitation, such as high frequency or broadband noise or erosion, are not possible to assess with any computational tool today. Recent results using LES or Euler methods indicate that these methods are capable of capturing much of the cavitation dynamics, but high fidelity predictions of all aspects of cavitation nuisance in reasonable computational time cannot be expected in the near (or any) future. Moreover, experiments can only provide an incomplete picture to assist the designer. Experience and knowledge are still necessary components for a successful design. This paper discusses some possibilities to combine the tools described above, based on recent years of research at Chalmers University of Technology on propeller cavitation and computational tools in propulsor analysis. The authors remark that this is a review of work done at Chalmers, and the references reflect this restriction; a complete review would include a broader list of authors. Computational fluid dynamics Propeller cavitation

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2013092121 Numerical study of propeller scale effects. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 5 ref, 8 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Bugalskil, T., Szantyr, J.A. English Currently used scale effect corrections for open propellers were developed about forty years ago. Since that time the geometry of propellers has changed significantly and the accuracy of model experiments and numerical methods employed for prediction of propeller open water characteristics has increased. In order to assess the adequacy of the classical scale effect corrections for contemporary propellers the following research plan was created: four different algorithms for calculation of propeller scale effect were included in the lifting surface programs, namely: 1) classical ITTC78 procedure based on the equivalent blade section at radius 0.75; 2) ITTC78 formulae calculated locally for the respective blade sections and integrated along the blade radius; 3) alternative formulae for blade section drag and lift integrated along the blade radius; 4) alternative formula for blade section drag only, integrated along the blade radius. CFD calculations were performed for the entire range of model and full scale Reynolds numbers. Two propellers were selected: P9 with moderate skewback and CP6 with high skewback. The complete set of numerical calculations was performed for all propellers. The comparison and analysis of the computational results formed the basis for assessment of the accuracy and effectiveness of different methods for calculation of propeller scale effect corrections. Propeller models Scale effect

2013092122 Geometric modelling for optimisation of propeller hub caps. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 12 ref, 2 tab, 10 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Druckenbrod, M., Greitsch, L., Et al English The work presented in this paper is part of the project BossCEff, which aims to develop propeller hub caps under consideration of the whole propulsion system, including propeller, rudder and costa bulb. In order to find suitable hub cap geometries, the authors develop an optimisation process that includes the parametric definition and generation of the geometry, the mesh generation and the numerical calculation of the propulsor performance. An optimisation algorithm is applied to automatically vary the geometries. This means that all the steps mentioned also have to work automatically. This paper presents an overview of the whole process while focussing on the following: 1) the reduction of the geometry model information for the numerical setup of the optimisation process, 2) the geometry definition and 3) the grid generation. Especially the two last aspects are a challenge if they are to work without manual intervention. Optimisation Propeller efficiency Propeller hubs

2013092123 Resistance prediction of medium-speed catamarans using free-surface flow simulations. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 15 ref, 1 tab, 9 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Haase, M., Binns, J., Et al English To promote sustainable sea transportation and to meet raising ecological requirements to reduce the environmental impact, a new class of large fuel efficient medium-speed catamaran ferries is under development. As shown in earlier work (Haase et al.,

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2012), medium-speed catamarans will efficiently operate at Froude numbers of Fr =0:35, but unfortunately there is a lack of resistance prediction tools for twin-hull craft in that particular speed range. Therefore, there is a demand for numerical tools to correctly determine the resistance of such craft independent of speed, hull form and scale. Not only the resistance, rather the hydrodynamic phenomena occurring at this speed range between the displacement and planing regime are of interest to understand the flow to more efficiently design such craft. A viscous free-surface flow solver has been chosen to study the fluid-hull interaction for a variety of different hull forms which are free to heave and trim. To validate the computational set up the results of the NPL catamaran series (Bailey, 1976; Molland et al., 1994) has been chosen. They provide a broad variation of hull configurations and speeds, where total resistance, trim, sinkage and wave pattern resistance has been measured. Experimental results have to be carefully considered, as the median total uncertainty may go up to 10% in resistance, 42 % in sinkage and even 52 % in trim depending on Froude number and model length, according to Gorski et al. (2011). Catamarans High speed vessels Resistance Viscous flow

torque and thrust coefficients. Although, the efficiency output from the BEMT code is not the propulsive coefficient, D, the different appendage configurations may still be directly compared using this efficiency, denoted BEMT throughout this paper. Computational fluid dynamics Propeller efficiency Propulsion devices Wind tunnel tests

2013092125 About the effect of discretisation schemes on the results of numerical calculations of ship flow. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [5 p, 5 ref, 1 tab, 7 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Kleinsorge, L., Bronsart, R., Hartig, K. English Reynolds-Average Navier-Stokes equations are stateof-the-art in todays computational fluid dynamics. Thereby the accuracy of simulations with RANSE depends on the numerics and meshes to be used. To insure a good agreement and stability of the numerical solutions it is important to investigate how the different discretisation schemes are influencing the result. A simple example for the motivation of this paper is presented; depending on the scheme used in the simulation the results for the mixing of a fluid with two velocities look different. Therefore the effect of these schemes on the numerical results for ships is investigated. This helps to improve the trustworthiness of the solutions, especially in cases where experimental results are not available. A parameter study is presented where various discretisation schemes are used for double body simulations of the well-known KVLCC2 ship model. The numerical results are compared with experimental measurements described in Kim et al. (2001) and Stern et al. (2003). Computational fluid dynamics Propeller races Resistance

2013092124 Design of retrofit devices using CFD, validated with wind tunnel tests. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 8 ref, 4 tab, 11 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf James, M.C., Turnock, S.R., Hudson, D.A. English This paper discusses how the efficiency of an existing tanker hull form could be increased by 10% with the use of cost-effective retro-fit solutions. A method, involving CFD simulations performed using OpenFOAM and validated with wind tunnel tests, is explained. An in-house code, based on the BladeElement Momentum Theory (BEMT), is used to provide some propeller characteristics: efficiency,

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2013092126 Influence of roughened propeller tip surface on tip vortex structures. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 9 ref, 7 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Krger, C., Kornev, N., Et al English Modern shipbuilding and development shows a strong demand for highly efficient and powerful propulsion systems. Moreover, tendencies to maximize the cargo hold leads to a decrease in the space provided for the propulsion system. On the downside of this progression are highly tip-loaded propellers. This can lead to prominent tip vortex structures and subsequently forwarding to frequent tip vortex cavitation, hull excitation and rudder erosion. Within a joint research project of MMG Waren GmbH and the University of Rostock an innovative approach has been investigated claiming the possibility of pertubating propeller tip vortices by a roughened propeller tip region. Propellers Tip vortices

difference and the pitch axis position, two parameters that have received little attention so far, on the thrust and efficiency, is demonstrated. Computational fluid dynamics Heaving Hydrofoils Pitching

2013092128 Numerical modelling and error estimation of the flow behind marine propellers. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 6 ref, 4 tab, 6 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Pfannenschmidt, R., Greitsch, L., Greve, M. English Propulsion improving devices (PIDs) which focus on hub near vortex losses are of special interest for newbuildings as well as for retrofits, because of low installation costs and reliable energy saving effects. An important precondition for the design of these PIDs is the proper numerical consideration of dominant flow properties. Therefore, the paper deals with a study of the capability of capturing flow details like dead water areas behind propeller caps by using systematically optimised grids. The investigation is based on three different cap shapes and different grid refinement criteria. Coming from more globally optimised grids based on a global criterion the study also includes local grid optimisation under consideration of local grid refinement criteria. All calculations are carried out as open water set-ups using the grid convergence index method as recommended by the Journal of Fluids Engineering in order to obtain grid independent solutions. Thus, the work has to be seen as groundwork for further investigations of hub near flow characteristics with and without propulsion improving devices. Error analysis Numerical models Propeller flow

2013092127 The influence of phase difference and pitch axis position on the performance of heaving and pitching hydrofoils. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 17 ref, 10 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Mattheijssens, J., Marcel, J.-P., Et al English The performance of heaving and pitching hydrofoils has been studied using CFD. The good comparison between the results and experiments found in the literature show the capability to calculate the forces accurately . The large influence of the phase

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2013092129 Numerical simulation of a ship wake in shallow water using hybrid URANS-LES method. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 8 ref, 4 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Shevchuk, I., Kornev, N. English In the scope of this work the capability of the hybrid turbulence modelling method to predict the unsteady effects in the wake flow behind a generic inland ship at shallow water conditions was tested. The analysis of the results shows, that the vortex structures predicted using this approach are much more intense than those predicted by URANS method. The significant achievement is the reproduction of the intense boundary layer separation, whereas the URANS model gave poor resolution. It is shown that appearance of these phenomena leads to the sharp change in the velocity field at the propeller location, and it is apparent that the forces acting on the propeller will also oscillate more strongly than it is predicted by URANS. Since the EFD data for the generic ship are not available, the validation has not been carried out. Thus, so far it is not possible to draw conclusions on the prediction accuracy. However, qualitatively, the effects modelled (such as the flow separation) are in complete agreement with the practical observations. Numerical analysis Shallow water Wakes

the good agreement between results of RANSE calculations and of the potential flow code GL Rankine at medium and large wave lengths, it is concluded that both methods can give accurate results for added resistance in this frequency range. The experimental results deviate substantially from the computed ones and appear less reliable. Added resistance in waves Numerical analysis

2013092131 Validating force calculations using OpenFOAM on a fixed Wigley hull in waves. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 11 ref, 2 tab, 5 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Winden, B., Turnock, S.R., Hudson, D. English A RANS based prediction allows for phenomena such as the behaviour of the boundary layer under the waves and other viscous effects to be modelled. Even though a prediction based on RANS modelling comes with much fewer assumptions, the complexity of the problem means that it is very sensitive to meshing, selected schemes, boundary conditions etc. Incorrect predictions of the phase of the hydrodynamic forces are something that has been highlighted in previous CFD workshops as one of the weaknesses of using RANS (Larsson, 2010). For this reason this paper concerns a fixed hull in waves. Previous studies have shown that using a fixed hull can give a good insight into the force distribution on the hull and, using a body force model for the propeller, predict the selfpropelled performance of a ship with good accuracy (Turnock et al., 2010). Using a fixed hull also eliminates any progressive expansion of errors due to phasing problems which allows for more detailed studies of phenomena such as boundary layer disturbances due to the waves and how this affects the propeller inflow. To thoroughly validate the performance of OpenFOAM for predicting the forces on a fixed hull in waves, a comparative study with several wavelengths was conducted. The experimental data is provided from a study of fixed Wigley hulls in waves by Journe (1992). For further

2013092130 Computing added resistance in waves Rankine panel method vs RANSE method. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [5 p, 3 ref, 1 tab, 1 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Sding, H., Shigunov, V., Et al English A new panel method is applied to compute added resistance in waves. The code GL Rankine is based on the theory described in Sding (2011). Because of ABSTRACTS

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comparison, predictions made using a non-linear Boundary Element Method are also included (Kjellberg, 2011). Computational fluid dynamics Wave forces on ships Wigley models

2013092133 Numerical and physical investigation of a surfacepiercing hydrofoil. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 1A.1, p 1 [8 p, 27 ref, 7 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Young, Y.L., Brizzolara, S. English The objective of this work is to extend a 3-D boundary element method for modelling the hydrodynamic response of a surface-piercing hydrofoil with consideration for the effects of cavitation and/or ventilation. The problem is formulated as a mixed boundary value problem for the perturbation velocity potential. The effect of the submerged depth based Froude number and ventilation on the cavity pressure is considered. The numerical predictions are compared with experimental measurements conducted at a free surface cavitation tunnel. The results show good comparisons between experimental measurements and numerical predictions in the base cavitating regime, when the cavity is closed to the free surface. When the cavity is open to the free surface, the pressure in the ventilated cavity, Pc, varies between the vapour pressure (Pv) and the absolute ambient pressure (P) depending on the angle of attack, submergence, relative inflow velocity, difference between P and Pv, and is influenced by hysteresis effects. Consequently, the lift coefficients vary significantly. The upper limit of the measured lift coefficients matched well with numerical predictions for Pc=Pv (fully attached or base cavitating regime), and the lower limit matched well with numerical predictions for Pc=P (fully ventilated regime at very high Froude number and very low absolute ambient pressure). Cavitation Hydrofoils Surface piercing Ventilation

2013092132 Waterjet optimal design based on CFD technology. Journal of Ship Mechanics, v 17 n 4, April 2013, p 369 [6 p, 10 ref, 3 tab, 9 fig] http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTALCBLX201304006.htm Chang, S-p., Wang, Y-s., Et al Chinese The important application of computational fluid dynamics for marine waterjet performance analysis, optimal design and propulsion characteristic prediction is introduced. The solution domain of waterjet was defined and meshed by hexagonal structured grids. Turbulence effects were taken into account by using a shear stress transport turbulent model. This model was applied to a newly designed waterjet pump on the basis of grid density independence was examined. Several qualitative and quantitative indexes were adopted to evaluate the diffusers rectifying performance and the intake ducts flow-delivering characteristics. Some reasonable suggestions for optimal design were provided. The flow field of hull and waterjet was simulated. Area-integration method was employed to deduce the thrust characteristic, which could make certain the ship speed and guarantee a successful outcome. Computational fluid dynamics Propulsive performance Waterjets

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2013092134 Propeller and rudder in off-design conditions. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 1A.2, p 9 [9 p, 6 ref, 2 tab, 16 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Lcke, T. English As soon as a vessel does not operate in calm waters but under the influence of wind, waves and current, the vessel can drift and the operating conditions deviate from the so called (single) design point, normally obtained during the design stage. Under these circumstances the ship as well as propeller and manoeuvring devices will operate in off-design conditions for long term. This paper summarizes the essential results of investigations done in this respect at HSVA for the national joint research project OffDesign (2012). By means of propulsion tests and wake measurements at straight course and under drift conditions some representative operating points were identified, defining the off-design conditions of a RoRo ferry. Propeller and rudder were then investigated in the cavitation tunnel in these conditions. Off-design propeller pitch settings were also investigated. By means of pressure pulse and cavitation inception test results the propeller characteristics are compared between straight course and drift conditions. Rudder force measurements show the consequences from the rudder point of view. Cavitation inception Drift forces Propeller efficiency Propulsive efficiency Rudders

2013092135 On the propulsive efficiency of unsteady propulsors. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 1A.3, p 18 [8 p, 20 ref, 8 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Krieg, M., Mohseni, K. English This study examines the propulsive efficiency of underwater vehicles which are driven by unsteady propulsors. The analysis is focused on vehicles utilizing a novel thruster which expels finite propulsive jets periodically. This analysis also applies to swimming squid and jellyfish (from which the thruster was inspired), and can also be extended to any periodic unsteady propulsion. The vehicle trajectory is solved analytically to calculate the exact work output/input and it is observed that with unbounded forcing there is an optimal thruster duty cycle, = 0.31, which maximizes propulsive efficiency. This optimal duty cycle is very close to the actual jetting duty cycle observed in steadily swimming squid. Propulsive efficiency Underwater vehicles Unsteady state

2013092136 Experimental study on ice management through the use of podded propeller wash. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 1B.1, p 26 [8 p, 31 ref, 2 tab, 20 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Ferrieri, J.M., Veitch, B., Akinturk, A. English Propeller wake wash phenomena were investigated as a means of clearing pack ice, as used during ice breaking and ice management operations. Experiments were performed to model the propeller wash and data were collected to quantify the capacity ABSTRACTS 749

of a propeller to clear pack ice under a range of operating and environmental conditions. The work focused on the interaction between operating and environmental conditions using a central composite experiment design with four factors: propeller shaft speed, declination angle, initial ice concentration, and distance to the ice edge. It was found that the propeller shaft speed was the most significant factor and that increasing propeller rotation speed increased ice clearing most effectively. To clear ice far downstream of the propeller, it was found that directing the propeller wash at the waters surface imparts more energy to the ice pieces, causing them to travel farther. Ice control Pods Propeller races

in an attempt to understand the contribution of cavitation in the phenomena. Existing full-scale trials data of propeller ice interaction are also examined. The results show the presence of cavitation in full scale is in keeping with the findings of the research. Cavitation tests Pods Propeller ice interaction

2013092138 Propeller-ice impacts measurements with a sixcomponent blade load sensor. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 1B.3, p 47 [8 p, 10 ref, 15 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Brouwer, J., Hagesteijn, G., Bosman, R. English The impact of ice on a propeller is a complex process, which most likely results into a milling or crushing process, or a combination of both. The highly dynamic forces during an impact can change rapidly in amplitude as well as direction. Little information can be deducted from conventional test setups with rigid propellers; especially forces on the individual blades are seldom successfully measured. The paper outlines the challenges which need to be overcome to measure these impacts and present results of actual propeller ice impact measurements. Classic designs for propeller testing involve rigid propellers with force measurements located at the base of the propeller. From this type of setup, two problems arise. First of all, the blade area and the size of the impacted ice can be similar. Even in the case of a high quality measurement, it will be hard to derive which part of the measured forces contributes to which blade. Secondly, in practical test situations the natural frequency of the entire propeller mounted on a force transducer can be relatively low. Impacts contain high frequency energy, causing the entire propeller assembly to vibrate and thereby obscuring a correct measurement of the impact loads. A measurement setup has been designed to overcome both problems. Rather than all four blades, only a single blade is mounted on the force transducer. This particular force transducer is capable of measuring forces in six degrees of freedom. The other propeller blades are mounted directly on the shaft. This ABSTRACTS

2013092137 Podded propeller ice interaction in a cavitation tunnel. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 1B.2, p 34 [13 p, 26 ref, 4 tab, 20 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Sampson, R., Atlar, M., Et al English The development of the new generation of podded ice capable vessels have benefited enormously from experimental and full-scale hydrodynamic ice research. However, despite the broad international research performed on this topic, only a small part of the effort has been applied to the modelling of cavitation during propeller ice interaction. Whilst ice tanks model the contact forces with good agreement, the level and influence of cavitation during propeller ice interaction is often only assumed due to the inability to scale atmospheric pressure during these experiments. This paper gives the findings of tests performed in a cavitation tunnel examining effect of performance of a podded ice class propulsor operating in simulated ice conditions. The paper includes an air milling analysis, which has been neglected in previous reports on this particular investigation (e.g. Sampson (2011)). The paper describes the decomposition of the propulsive components into open water, blockage, in air milling and the hydrodynamic component of the milling load 750

measurement setup enabled MARIN to overcome the first problem, any impact visible in the measured signals are solely due to forces on the instrumented key blade. A series of tests were performed in an ice basin where propeller ice impacts were measured. Synchronised high speed video recordings were used to gather more insight in the complex phenomena that occur during these short events. Blade loading Impact tests Measurement Propeller ice interaction

energy saving devices for twin screw propulsion concepts is given. Appendage resistance Cruise ships Energy conservation Propulsive efficiency

2013092140 Numerical investigation of ducted propeller added mass. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 2A.2, p 69 [9 p, 13 ref, 20 tab, 5 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Hutchison, S., Steen, S., Sanghani, A. English This paper investigates the effect of a duct on propeller added mass by comparing the propeller and duct individually with the bodies combined in a multi-body simulation. This is a preliminary step towards better understanding of the loads and responses of a ducted azimuthing thruster in various extreme load cases and developing a multi-body simulation model of the thruster with internal drive train. The numerical analysis is conducted with the commercial DNV software HydroD, using its WADAM program. The results show that the propeller is more affected by the presence of the duct than the duct is affected by the presence of the propeller. The presence of the duct on the propeller increases the uncoupled added mass linear terms by 10% and rotational terms by 33% when compared with the propeller added mass in isolation. The influence of propeller on the duct is relatively minor with the added mass changing less than 3.5% for all uncoupled terms when compared with the duct added mass in isolation. Once the bodies are considered to move independently of each other the effect of each body on the other is greatly increased with a change in the coupled added mass terms up to 133%. Added mass Ducted propellers Numerical analysis Propeller efficiency

2013092139 Energy saving possibilities in twin or triple propeller cruise liners. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 2A.1, p 55 [14 p, 4 ref, 2 tab, 39 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Hmlinen, R., Heerd, J. van English More environmentally friendly solutions are required for future ships such as STX Finlands recently delivered LNG powered cruise ferry. Fuel economy and green considerations are playing a more important role. The ship hull form and its appendages are the best energy saving possibilities. Success in hydrodynamic design is following the whole vessel, its operation life and gives a better possibility to compete in the harder markets. Today RANSE based CFD tools have shown their usefulness in detailed hydrodynamic designs and they are in routine use in the shipyard design offices. Good solutions for improved ship designs are podded propulsion, Dual-End CRP, ECO efficient conventional propulsion concept and the hybrid propulsion concept. The different kind of ECO efficient steps are looked for in twin and triple screw cruise liners. This includes looking at how to reduce appendage resistance case by case, what are possible to reach by ESDs and what practical propulsion alternatives are available for twin screw cruise liners. As a concluding remark, the future scenario for

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2013092141 An estimation method of full scale performance for pulling type podded propulsors. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 2A.3, p 78 [9 p, 12 ref, 2 tab, 17 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Park, H-G., Choi, J-K., Kim, H-T. English This study defined the thrust, drag and torque that act on a podded propeller unit, and analysed the relation among these components. By separating the thrust components of propeller blades and the drag component of pod housing, application of the general concept of thrust correction and drag extrapolation can be made possible. Considering the change in the drag of pod housing resulted from pod propeller operation, estimation method of full scale propulsive performance for the pulling type podded propeller is suggested. In order to estimate the drag of the pod housing, a numerical model of drag velocity ratio, which includes the effects of pod propeller loading and Reynolds number, is presented and evaluated through the comparison of model test and numerical analysis. Especially, the method that can estimate the full scale propulsive performance of a podded propulsor at the stage of power estimation of a ship, which is the early design stage, is proposed. Drag coefficients Pods Propeller efficiency

undergo standard stock and design propeller test programmes with detailed assessments of the final design (for the overall propulsive efficiency, the cavitation performance and the pressure fluctuations, etc.), final designs of waterjet systems are seldom tested for their system characteristics, the intake loss and the cavitation performance. It could be both due to economic reasons that waterjet system tests are relatively expensive. It could also be due to technical reasons, such as, that the operating point of a waterjet system does not vary too much for different operational conditions. This means that it also performs very well for all other operational (offdesign) conditions once a waterjet system is welldesigned for its design condition. However in practice, mismatching of power absorption and shaft rotational rate, and cavitation erosion, are occasionally found after sea trials of waterjet propelled ships. Remedial action is then required. In some cases, removing cavitation erosion can be rather difficult and simple modifications may not solve the problem. In order to prevent these types of problems from the early design stage, waterjet system performance and cavitation tests of the final design are strongly recommended. Taking a fast river passenger ferry as an example, test procedures are discussed in detail in the paper. The scale effects and the extrapolation method are also addressed. The results provide a good data set for CFD validation too. Cavitation Propulsive efficiency Waterjets

2013092143 Design and commissioning tests for waterjet selfpropulsion testing of a medium-speed catamaran ferry using a single demihull. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 2B.2, p 97 [7 p, 16 ref, 2 tab, 10 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Zrcher, K., Bose, N., Et al English A series of self-propulsion tests of a catamaran design at medium-speeds is proposed to study the influence of the hydrodynamics at medium-speeds on the waterjet propulsors. These model tests will be carried ABSTRACTS

2013092142 Waterjet system performance and cavitation test procedures. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 2B.1, p 87 [10 p, 19 ref, 4 tab, 18 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Dang, J., Liu, R., Pouw, C. English Different from marine propeller designs, which 752

out using a load-varied self-propulsion testing technique in calm water. Due to size requirements of the model, a single demihull is to be utilised in close proximity to the side wall of the towing tank which acts as the plane of symmetry, reflecting waves generated by the demihull and therefore providing the acceptable blockage effects and wave interference for the second demihull. Catamarans Model tests Self propulsion Waterjets

shock-free condition on its inner section is found when the hub effect is considered by all the numerical methods used for design. Design Lifting line theory Lifting surfaces Propeller hubs

2013092145 The hydrodynamic performance of propellers with trans-velocity sections in inclined shaft conditions. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 3A.2, p 120 [8 p, 14 ref, 1 tab, 24 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Hsin, C-Y., Chin, S-S., Et al English The hydrodynamic performance of propellers with trans-velocity sections are presented in this paper. The trans-velocity section is developed for not only having a satisfactory performance, but also having consistent performance at different inflow speeds. The development of a design procedure for the transvelocity section and propellers with trans-velocity sections are first presented. The viscous flow RANS method is used in the design procedure, and this design procedure can be also applied to a propeller with different types of foil sections. Two different designs are demonstrated in the paper, one is a propeller with only the trans-velocity section, and the other one is a propeller with both the trans-velocity section and a section especially developed for yachts. The numerical results of the hydrodynamic performance are compared to the experimental data, and the performances of these propellers at different inclined shaft angles are investigated. It is found that the propeller with hybrid sections has a better performance than the one with trans-velocity section only which suffers from a serious thrust loss in inclined shaft conditions. A pre-swirl stator is also designed for the purpose of improving the performance, and it is found to be effective. Inclined shafts Propeller efficiency

2013092144 Hub effect in propeller design and analysis. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 3A.1, p 110 [10 p, 28 ref, 1 tab, 19 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Brizzolara, S., Gaggero, S., Grassi, D. English The importance of considering hub effects in the design, optimisation and verification of marine propellers is discussed in the paper. Different design variants of optimum moderately loaded modern propellers are obtained by means of fully numerical lifting line/surface vortex lattice methods, with and without hub effect. Antisymmetric vortex images are used to implement the effects of the hub by the vortex lattice codes. Classical parametric lifting surface corrections are also used to correct pitch and camber. Global as well as local (pressure distribution) hydrodynamic properties of the propellers are compared as obtained from a fully numerical lifting surface method, a boundary element method and a finite volume RANS solver, referred to as the closest model of the real flow. The comparison permits to highlight the undesired consequences which a designer should expect if an inadequate or inconsistent hub modelling is used in some part of the propeller design process. Indeed, the best propeller design, in terms of efficiency, thrust matching and

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2013092146 An advanced scaling procedure for marine propellers. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 3a.4, p 136 [7 p, 7 ref, 1 tab, 17 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Streckwell, H., Greitsch, L., Scharf, M. English In times of increased fuel oil prices the focus within the ship design process is on efficiency. Especially a vessels propulsion is a key factor in optimising the fuel oil consumption. Therefore any increase of efficiency needs to be recognised and evaluated. Ship owners are increasingly postponing their decision regarding the propeller supplier after comparative model tests with two or more different propeller designs. But as the performance of propulsion is affected by scale effects these comparisons always offer room for discussions about the right way to apply such scaling calculations. Especially propeller designs with blade shapes that differ from the conventional type often enforce these discussions. Therefore the idea of the European project PREFUL was to investigate the possibilities of improvements of the scaling calculation in order to consider the differences between blade shapes more precisely. As a result the differences between several scaling procedures are shown, especially in comparison to the results of the new stripe method, which was developed within the project. Propeller efficiency Scale effect

2013092147 A development of a propeller with backward tip raked fin. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 3B.1, p 143 [6 p, 7 ref, 2 tab, 17 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Inukai, Y. English This paper introduces the new concept of a propeller with backward tip raked fin. While the author investigated the hydrodynamic characteristics of a tip raked propeller, a remarkable effect was found by bending the blade in the tip region toward the pressure side, which can moderate the negative pressure on the suction side. This makes it possible to reduce a propeller blade area without sacrificing cavitation performance and improve the efficiency as a result. A propeller was designed with backward rake, i.e. bending the tip toward pressure side, for a container vessel. Propeller open water tests, cavitation observation and pressure fluctuation measurement were carried out and the significantly higher efficiency compared with the conventional propeller was verified. Energy conservation Fins Propeller efficiency

2013092148 Simulation of unsteady interaction forces on a ducted propeller with pre-swirl stators. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 3B.2, p 149 [7 p, 8 ref, 2 tab, 19 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Rao, Z-Q., Li, W., Yang, C-J. English The frequency characteristics of unsteady forces arising from the hydrodynamic interaction between the rotor and stators for a ducted propeller with preswirl stators is analysed theoretically. It is shown that 754 ABSTRACTS

the axial force and moment fluctuate at frequencies equal to nZRN on condition that nZR=kZS, where k and n are both positive integers, ZR and ZS are the rotor and stator blade numbers respectively, and N is the shaft frequency of the rotor. The lateral forces and moments also fluctuate at multiples of the rotor's blade frequency, but on condition that nZR=kZS1. Therefore, the axial and lateral forces do not fluctuate at the same frequency, and in many cases the lowest fluctuation frequency of the lateral forces are much lower than that of the axial force. To evaluate the amplitudes of unsteady interaction forces, RANS simulations are carried out for a ducted propeller with pre-swirl stators. The CFD results of time-averaged thrust and torque agree fairly well with those experimentally measured. The unsteady force fluctuations are quite clearly captured at frequencies theoretically determined, and are mostly negligible at other frequencies. The results indicate that, for the configuration being simulated, the lateral forces fluctuate at much lower frequencies and higher amplitudes than the axial force. Computational fluid dynamics Ducted propellers Interactions Rotors Stators

blowing flows at the rear side can be induced. In order to increase the rotational flow, protuberances or roughness should be adopted on the surface of boss. In the paper, concepts of the new propulsor are proposed, and results of fundamental experiments carried out to investigate its basic hydrodynamic characteristics are reported. Ducted propellers Flow visualization Propeller blades Rotation

2013092150 Vessel wave wake characterization using wavelet analysis. RINA Transactions IJME part A2, April-June 2013http://www.rina.org.uk/ijme.html Robbins, A., Thomas, G., Et al English This work focuses on characterising vessel wave wake (wash) using wavelet analysis when a vessel is operating in the sub-critical and critical zone. Such characterisation complements other wash characteristics: Froude depth number, bow wave angle, solitons and decay coefficient. The examination of experimental results indicates that differences in characteristics with respect to water depth, Froude depth number, vessel displacement, hull form and soliton generation can be identified through wavelet analysis. The results demonstrate proof of concept that wavelet analysis is a powerful tool for characterising vessel wash and captures the effects of key operational and vessel changes. Signal processing Wakes

2013092149 Proposal and fundamental experiments on unconventional ducted propulsor without rotating blades. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 3B.3, p 156 [5 p, 3 ref, 2 tab, 11 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Suzuki, K., Yokota, T. English A conventional screw propeller has large rotating blades to get effective thrust force, and the respective blades advance in water as male screws. In this study, an unconventional ducted propulsor having a shape of female screw is proposed. It has a duct, a rotating boss and vanes with screw surfaces installed on the duct inner surface. Viscous rotational flows caused by rotating motion of boss are curved by the vanes along the duct inner surface. According to this inner flow, suction flows at the front side and accelerated ABSTRACTS

2013092151 Artificially ventilated conventional hydrofoils an experimental investigation. International Shipbuilding Progress, v 59 n 3-4, 2012, pp 129-162 http://iospress.metapress.com/content/f165l5v47vj357 16/?p=3e38f44118a2441fa261f9101a2e9174&pi=0 Korulla, M., Sha, O.P. English This paper presents an experimental study on the artificial ventilation of conventional hydrofoil (NACA662-215) sections. The investigation includes a study of the effect of different ventilation pressures, speeds of operation, angles of attack, ventilation 755

locations and ventilation outlet configurations on the hydrodynamic performance of the foil. The experiments were carried out at a high speed towing tank facility. A 6-component foil dynamometer has been developed for conducting the tests. A set of foils has been designed and manufactured with different ventilation locations and ventilation configurations. Hydrofoil craft Lift Ventilated hydrofoils

2013092153 The turning-circle manoeuvre of a twin-screw vessel with different stern appendages configuration. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 22 ref, 3 tab, 4 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Durante, D., Dubbioso, G., Et al English In this work, the unsteady Reynolds averaged NavierStokes solver navis coupled with the equations describing the 6DoF motion of a rigid body is applied to the analysis of the turning behaviour of the ship model equipped with both single and twin rudder configuration. The principal purpose of the work is to gain more insight into manoeuvrability of the tanker like model, and in particular to explore the different dynamic behaviour of the vessel when arranged with two different configurations for the stern appendages. Computational fluid dynamics Turning circles Turning manoeuvres

3.3 MOTION, SEAKEEPING AND MANOEUVRING

2013092152 Influence of drift angle on rudder-propeller interaction. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 13 ref, 1 tab, 7 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Badoe, C., Phillips, A., Turnock, S.R. English The primary aim of this paper is to increase the knowledge on flow straightening influence of the propeller and hull on the effective angle of drift at the stern of a ship. Preliminary investigations compared with wind tunnel experiments carried out by Molland and Turnock [1991, 1995] using a modified Wageningen B4.40 propeller and Rudder No.2 are presented. Two separate investigations were considered. 1. A propeller rudder combination in straight line flow (with no applied drift angle) was conducted to understand the interaction effect. This study employed a body force propeller model. 2. Three centre-boards with relatively small thickness and with three different lengths placed upstream of the propellerrudder combination were proposed for investigation based on the finding in (1) to understand the effect of an upstream plate on flow straightening. This study is still under investigation. Real propeller geometry is employed with the aim of establishing the use of the arbitrary mesh interface in the current version of OpenFOAM. Computational fluid dynamics Drift forces Propeller rudder interaction

2013092154 Numerical modelling of moored floating structures using SPH preliminary results. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 4 ref, 8 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Dymarski, P. English This paper presents partial results of work carried out under the research project The development of the method of modelling the dynamics of the floating (offshore) objects subjected to the environment influence, which aims at developing computational methods for modelling the dynamics of offshore structures. The paper gives a description of the method of modelling the hydrodynamic impacts using SPH method and the description of the computational model of the dynamic anchoring system (anchor chain model). The elaborated mathematical model describes the motion of the chain as a result of the effect caused by the movement of the chain ABSTRACTS

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attachment points (on both ends). The model includes the following factors: mechanical properties of the chain: stiffness (EA), inertia; the presence of the hydrodynamic resistance of water; the presence of the added mass of water; the elasticity of the seabed; and gravitation force and buoyancy. Floating structures Moored structures Numerical models

2013092156 Analysis of twin screw ships asymmetric propeller behaviour by means of free running model tests. Ocean Engineering, v 68, 1 August 2013, pp 47-64 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002 9801813001601 Coraddu, A., Dubbioso, G., Et al English Twin screw ships may experience considerably asymmetric propeller functioning during manoeuvres. This phenomenon may result in large power fluctuations during tight manoeuvres, with increases of shaft torque up to and over 100% of the steady values in straight course and considerable unbalances; this, in its turn, may be potentially dangerous, especially in case of particularly complex propulsion plant configurations, such as those with coupled shaft lines. A joint research project supported by the Italian Navy has been set up in order to deeply investigate the phenomenon, by means of large scale model testing and related numerical simulations. In the present work, the extensive experimental campaign results on a free running model of a twin-screw ship are presented, allowing a deeper insight of the problem to be obtained. In particular, tests have been carried out simulating different simplified control schemes, starting from the most common constant rate of revolution tests and including different control strategies (constant torque and power). Usual standard manoeuvres (turning circle, zigzag and spiral) have been carried out, providing results for asymmetric shaft functioning and ship manoeuvrability behaviour. Results from the present analysis allow to obtain the complete model for the time domain simulation of asymmetric shaft functioning. Control systems Manoeuvrability Twin screws

2013092155 CFD analysis of a zero speed active fin. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 6 ref, 2 tab, 14 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Gattoronchieri, A., Brizzolara, S., Viviani, M. English In the last 15 years, influenced by the growing pleasure craft market and the need for higher comfort standards, different stabilizing systems have been studied. Gyro stabilizers and the Zero Speed Fin are the most used, both of them are able to produce a stabilizing effect at zero speed and even in the underway condition, the main differences between them are that the first one takes more time to be turned on and off, on the other hand the fins increase the hull resistance and can be damaged in collision with floating objects. The working principle of the gyroscope is well known on the contrary the principle behind the zero speed stabilizers has not been fully investigated. In the literature it is possible to find analytical hydrodynamic models and 2D CFD simulations and other works in which fins are compared with antiroll tanks and their use in anchored conditions is discussed, while CFD simulations of three dimensional model or model tests are not present. The objective of this research is to find out the correct setting to realize an analysis of a zero speed fin with the commercial CFD code StarCCM+, and later, using this model, to gain a deep understanding of the fluid dynamical behaviour. Computational fluid dynamics Fin stabilizers

2013092157 Experimental investigation of dynamic trim control devices in fast speed vessel. Navigation and Port Research, v 37 n 2, April 2013, p 137 [6 p, 16 ref, 2 tab, 13 fig] http://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/ArticleFullReco rd.jsp?cn=GHMHD9_2013_v37n2_137 Seo, K-C., Gopakumar, N., Atlar, M. English The displacement Deep-V catamaran concept was developed in Newcastle University, UK through

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development of the systematic Deep-V catamaran series. One of the most important Deep-V catamarans launched to date is Newcastle University's own multipurpose research vessel, The Princess Royal. The vessel was launched in 2011 and enhanced the DeepV catamaran concept further with the successful adoption of a novel anti-slamming bulbous bow and tunnel stern for improved efficiency. It was however identified that the vessel has substantial amount of dynamic trim that limited the visibility of the captain. The dynamic trim also increased the wave-making resistance thereby preventing the vessel from attaining its maximum speed in certain sea states. This paper therefore presents the application of devices such as Trim Tabs, Interceptors, Transom Wedges and Integrated Transom Wedges-Tabs to control the dynamic trim and improvement of fuel efficiency of the vessel. All of these energy saving devices were fitted into a model for tests in Newcastle University's Towing Tank. Model test verification confirmed that the optimum appendage was the interceptors, they produced a 5% power saving and 1.2 degree trim reduction at 15 knots, and investigations of full scale trials will be scheduled with and without application of device to compare the improvement of performance. Catamarans High speed vessels Propulsive efficiency Trim

hull on ship manoeuvring is a challenging task. Choosing body force models as a compromise between accuracy and computational effort is a popular alternative. The aim of this study is to develop such a body force propulsor, but without a simple analytic model that distributes the thrust and torque over the propeller disk. Instead a database is filled with data gathered from various simulations of the desired propeller under diverse operational conditions, prior to the actual manoeuvring simulation. During the actual manoeuvring simulations, the volume forces can be calculated from the pre-computed data and inserted as source terms to the momentum equation. Although no manoeuvring simulations can be shown, a validation of the current body force propulsor implementation is presented within this paper. Databases Hull propeller interaction Manoeuvrability Propeller forces

2013092159 Simulation of extreme motion of floating bodies using overlapping grids. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 7 ref, 5 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Peri, M., Schreck, E. English Recently, CD-adapco developed an improved overlapping grid approach, which has the following features: any number of overlapping grids can be used; each grid can be of any type (arbitrary polyhedra); individual grids can fall partly outside solution domain; the solution is obtained on all grids simultaneously (a tight coupling of all equations through the coefficient matrix is achieved). This method has substantial advantages over the currently available approaches in several important application areas. In this paper the solution method is briefly described and a number of application examples are shown to demonstrate the versatility and applicability of the new method. Numerical analysis Ship motions

2013092158 Database fed body force propulsor. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 6 ref, 2 tab, 7 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Hpken, J., El Moctar, O. English Both the propulsion devices as well as the characteristics of the machinery have an influence on ship manoeuvrability and should be accounted for. Due to the different timescales between the motion of the ship and the rotation of the propulsor, a geometrical modelling of the latter forbids itself. This modelling would increase the required computational efforts even more, rendering the entire model as not feasible. Hence investigating the influence of the interaction between the propulsion devices and the

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2013092160 The course-keeping adaptive control system for the nonlinear MIMO model of a container vessel. TransNav 2013, 10th Jubilee Conference on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Navigational Problems; 19-21 June 2013; Gdynia, Poland. Organised by Faculty of Navigation of Gdynia Maritime University and The Nautical Institute. Published by CRC Press 2013; ISBN 9781-138-00107-7. Chapter 1.1, pp 13-18 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978113800107 7 Brasel, M., Dworak, P. English An adaptive multi-controller system for a MIMO nonlinear dynamic process is presented. The problems under study are exemplified by synthesis of a surge velocity and yaw angle control system for a 4DOF nonlinear MIMO mathematical model of a single-screw high-speed container vessel. The paper presents the complexity of the assumed model to be analysed and the method of synthesis of the coursekeeping control system. In the proposed coursekeeping control system use is made of a set of (stable) linear modal controllers that create a multi-controller structure from which a controller appropriate to given operation conditions is chosen on the basis of the measured auxiliary signals. The system synthesis is carried out by means of system pole placement method after having linearized the model 4-DOF motion of the vessel in steady states. The final part of the paper includes simulation results of system operation with an adaptive controller of stepwise varying parameters along with conclusions and final remarks. Containerships Control systems Course keeping

is extracted by considering the problems influencing the fin stabilizer system during ship sailing. The sliding mode control provides robust performance for the mentioned factors. Therefore, a sliding mode controller is designed based on the information about the upper bound of perturbations and wave excitation force. Inasmuch as the uncertainty bound is not usually known, a robust adaptive sliding mode controller is proposed. Although it has been proven that the proposed method is robust, the chattering phenomenon is accounted as a drawback of the sliding mode control. In order to overcome the chattering phenomenon, a second-order sliding mode is replaced by the first-order one to create an adaptive second-order sliding mode control. The simulation results show that the control strategy is effective to decrease the roll motion and robust to overcome the uncertainties and random waves. Adaptive control Fin stabilizers Rolling

2013092162 Study on variation in ships course keeping ability under waves depending on rudder type. Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology, v 27 n 2, April 2013, p 87 [6 p, 12 ref, 10 tab, 7 fig] http://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/ArticleFullReco rd.jsp?cn=HOGHC7_2013_v27n2_87 Koo, B., Lee, J., Kang, D. Korean The variation in the course keeping ability in relation to rudder type is investigated using simulations with 3 different types of rudders (a normal rudder, normal rudder with a plate, and Schilling rudder) under wave conditions. The simulation is developed based on an MMG model with Kijima's regression model, along with the data from Son's experiments and Kose's experiments. A 3-D source distribution method is applied to calculate the source of the external wave forces for the simulation. The coefficients of an autopilot controller that may affect the course keeping ability are also estimated from the simulations with the different rudders. The course keeping ability is evaluated by comparing the forward distances while the ships are simulated with the rudders and autopilot controller. Autopilots Course keeping Manoeuvring Rudders Wave forces 759

2013092161 Robust adaptive first-second-order sliding mode control to stabilize the uncertain fin-roll dynamic. Ocean Engineering, v 69, 1 September 2013, pp 1823 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002 9801813001844 Moradi, M., Malekizade, H. English Controlling the roll motion involves several problems including incomplete measurements, external disturbances, and the model uncertainties. In this paper, the perturbed model for the roll-fin dynamics ABSTRACTS

2013092163 Controllable pitch propeller control with neural network algorithm. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 14, p 115 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Alarcin, F., Ekinci, S., Gulez, K. English In this paper, a Controllable Pitch Propeller (CPP) has been used to improve the ship manoeuvring in the fixed shaft speed. The Proportional-Derivative (PD) control method has been applied in order to obtain high efficiency by changing the pitch angle. These controller results have been evaluated and trained by Fast Back-propagation Algorithm (FBA). The neural network results show that the training of the pitch behaviour has been verified, and the FBA performance of the CPP controller has a better performance that the PD controller. Controllable pitch propellers Manoeuvring Neural networks

while in a previous paper, most of the results are obtained only for the head waves, in the present study, results are computed for head seas, quarterly head waves and following waves with various speeds, to capture the effect of the speed and also the effect due to the changing of heading angles of waves. It is observed that the present time domain panel code shows a consistent good agreement between other computed motion results. Fishing vessels Ship motions

2013092165 Wave frequency dynamics of a tanker moored inside a port. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 27, p 213 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Pao, A., Fonseca, N., Guedes Soares, C. English The paper presents an analysis of the wave frequency induced motions of a tanker moored in several restrained conditions that resemble the conditions inside the port. One of the objectives is to investigate the influence of several parameters on the horizontal and vertical motions, including: the water depth, presence and distance of a vertical wall, influence of dolphins and the effects of the mooring lines. The second objective is to assess the ability of the existing numerical method to predict the ship dynamics in close proximity to several boundaries and including the mooring line effects. The calculations are carried out in the frequency domain with a three dimensional Greens function panel method. The mooring line forces are firstly calculated exactly as function of the ship displacements and the linearized around the equilibrium to obtain the stiffness matrix. The latter is added to the hydrostatic stiffness matrix. Finally, numerical predictions are compares with experimental data obtained with a scaled model on a wave tank in regular and irregular waves. Moored vessels Ship motions Tankers

2013092164 Prediction of the motions of fishing vessels using time domain 3D panel method. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 21, p 165 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Datta, R., Rodrigues, J.M., Guedes Soares, C. English A linear time domain 3D panel method is used to determine a variety of motion results for three different fishing vessels. In this investigation, some modifications are also prescribed in order to increase the robustness and efficiency of the existing linear time domain panel code. Initially a rigorous study is performed to check the efficiency and accuracy of the time domain code after incorporating such modifications, then computed results are compared with other established theories and commercially accepted codes to analyse the motion responses,

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2013092166 Experiment and time domain method comparison for the responses of a containership induced by the three sisters abnormal waves. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 28, p 223 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Rajendran, S., Fonseca, N., Guedes Soares, C. English A time domain code based on the linear model for diffraction and radiation forces combined with a nonlinear model for Froude-Krylov and hydrostatic forces is used to predict the responses of a containership in a predefined sea state with embedded abnormal waves. The responses include both vertical motions and bending moments. These results are compared with experiments conducted in a wave tank with the aforementioned containership for different Froude numbers in the predefined wave sequence known as the Three Sisters. The main purpose behind the experiment is to check the behaviour of the ship in extreme seas states. These experiments revealed little but the key influence of green water shipping on the ship responses especially on the sagging moment and is used as a guideline to modify the time domain code in a heuristic manner to incorporate the green water effect. The updated numerical model is again tested and compared with the experiment for further validation. Containerships Freak waves Model tests Seakeeping Time domain

hull forms are assessed using a standard strip theory method. Also from short term spectral responses, conditions at which they must operate to avoid hazards and seasickness can be readily identified. Each fishing vessel is studied over sea state 5 to 6 and has been evaluated at different Froude numbers and headings. The seakeeping performance is therefore determine by the limit of the couple; speed and heading angle, at which the vessel standard operational conditions for the most relevant performance criteria, related with the absolute motions, relative motions, accelerations, slamming, and green water on deck, are guaranteed. Dynamic analysis Fishing vessels Seakeeping

2013092168 Ship hydrodynamic interaction forces in restricted waters. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 30, p 241 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Zhou, X., Sutulo, S., Guedes Soares, C. English Based on the potential theory, a code using the panel method has been devised to estimate the hydrodynamic interaction forces acting on ships in motion in confined waters, near a bank, in a canal or over a dredged channel. The approach presumes distributing a source layer on the ships wetted surface and also on a sufficiently large patch moving over the water boundaries of concern. The source distribution is discretized using constant-density flat quadrilateral panels. Appropriate arrangement and panelling of the moving patch constitute an important part of the algorithm. The algorithm was tested by comparing numerical results and analytical results for added masses of isolated ellipsoids in unbounded water, and by comparing the numerical and analytical results for pressure distribution, surge and sway forces and the yaw moment acting on 1/8 of a uniformly moving sphere. Systematic computations of hydrodynamic interaction forces in the ship-toboundary interaction have been carried out for a ship navigating in restricted waters with complex

2013092167 Dynamic analysis of a purse seiner and a trawler fishing vessel in the Portuguese coastal zone. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 29, p 231 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Tello, M., Ribeiro e Silva, S., Guedes Soares, C. English A study of the short term seakeeping performance of a set of fishing vessels is carried out. Assuming a fully developed sea state, linear transfer functions of ABSTRACTS

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boundaries. Analysis of the results demonstrates the applicability of the developed method to study ship interaction with complex flow boundaries. Interactions Restricted waters Wall effects

2013092169 CFD-based hydrodynamic analysis for a ship sailing along a bank in restricted waters. RINA Transactions IJME part A2, April-June 2013http://www.rina.org.uk/ijme.html Zhou, M.G., Ma, S.J., Et al English For a ship navigating along a bank in restricted waters, it is usually accompanied by obvious bank effect which may cause ship-bank collision. In order to avoid collision, it is necessary to provide control force and moment by using control devices such as a rudder. In this paper, CFD method is applied to numerically simulate the viscous flow around a ship appended with a rudder sailing along a bank. Systematic simulations are carried out for the hullrudder system with different rudder angles at different ship-bank distances and water depths. The flow field features and the hydrodynamic forces of the hullrudder system are obtained and analysed. This study is of significance for revealing the physical mechanism behind the bank effect and providing guidance for ship steering and control in restricted waters. Computational fluid dynamics Restricted waters Rudders Viscous flow Wall effects

size of the rudder and the implementation of a pure drag rudder are investigated. The effectiveness of varying the rudder size was tested by specifying different lateral areas with a consistent chord length and profile shape. It was concluded that increasing the rudder size allowed the vessel to turn sharper but reduced overall speed due to the increased drag. In addition it was shown that the optimum rudder size for the manoeuvre specified, had a lateral area of 1 m2 and a wetted surface area of 2m2. This rudder size was then tested against a new proposed design, here termed the pure drag rudder in order to determine any possible performance gains. It was concluded that the addition of the pure drag rudder caused the vessel to turn with a much smaller radius at the expense of forward speed. It was determined however that this loss in forward speed was outweighed by the smaller radius of the turn and the potential tactical gains to be had from sailing further to windward and as such the pure drag rudder is a viable method of turning the vessel. Catamarans Manoeuvring Sailing vessels

2013092171 Suspension boat dynamics. RINA Transaction - IJSCT, v 155 part B1, JanuaryJune 2013 http://www.rina.org.uk/ijsct.html Grenestedt, J.L. English Small boats operating at high speeds often see very high vertical accelerations, which impose large loads on the boats as well as on their occupants. A boat concept with suspension was developed to reduce vertical accelerations. It consists of a centre-hull that is generally not in contact with the water and one or more sponsons connected to suspension links, springs and shock absorbers. Numerical simulations were performed on a simplified 4 degree-of-freedom model operating in seas generated from wave buoy data. A suspension boat with the general size and mass of an NSWRIB 11 meter boat was analysed and optimised. The analyses indicate that the suspension boat could operate at 60 knots in sea state 3 without seeing vertical accelerations above 1.5 G. The same boat but with rigidly mounted running surfaces would see an order of magnitude higher vertical accelerations. Acceleration High speed vessels Small craft

2013092170 Extreme manoeuvres for Americas Cup sailing catamarans. RINA Transactions - IJSCT, v 155 part B1, JanuaryJune 2013 http://www.rina.org.uk/ijsct.html Mansbridge, J.R., Binns, J.R. English This paper explores the manoeuvring aspects of the 34th International Americas Cup catamarans as the current rule draft allows using the Futureship GmbH developed program FS_Equilibrium. With the results of this analysis the implications of implementing other manoeuvring solutions including varying the 762

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2013092172 Linear and nonlinear hydrodynamic analysis for structural load of a pipe-laying ship. Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering, v 2 n 1, January 2012, p 1 [9 p, 4 ref, 20 fig] http://davidpublishing.org/show.html?4132 Lin, F. English The first decision to make in a structural load assessment is what approach should be applied, a linear approach or a non-linear one. The correct decision comes from understanding of the technology used in the linear and non-linear approaches and also comes from the understanding of the problem to be analysed. From engineering practice, it has been found that many non-linear effects can be taken into account in a linear model with appropriate approach. A study of hydrodynamic structural load on a stinger of a pipe-laying vessel is presented in this paper. The results of a non-linear analysis are compared to those of linear models with different approaches, and how the nonlinear effect can be involved in a linear model is discussed. The recommendations on how to estimate the non-linear effects in a linear structural load model is discussed. Design loads Hydrodynamic loads Linearity Nonlinearity Pipelaying vessels

matrix, are given respectively. Then the nature periods of a Truss Spar for surge, heave and pitch are obtained by comparing the time history lines. Another study is to analyses the viscous damping effect with constant wind and constant current action on the Truss Spar. Numerical results show that the platform would move to equilibrium position quickly by increasing the value of viscous damping, when the moving process is neglected. Platform motions Viscous damping

2013092174 Investigation of short wings roll-stabilizers. International Shipbuilding Progress, v 59 n 3-4, 2012, pp 163-179 http://iospress.metapress.com/content/836011077212 0030/?p=3e38f44118a2441fa261f9101a2e9174&pi= 1 Segal, Z., Segal, A. English The paper presents a detailed analysis of experimental data, concerning decay roll oscillations of ship models, and the determination of an effectiveness of Short Wings Roll-Stabilizers as compared with bilge keels and active anti-rolling fins. The influence of end plates on the wing lift force, the SWIRS drag and the reduction of roll amplitudes owing to the increase of damping moments produced by roll-stabilizers are also considered. Bilge keels Drag Lift Roll stabilizers Rolling

2013092173 Viscous damping effect on the first order motion response of a truss spar. Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering, v 2 n 2, February 2012, p 100 [7 p, 16 ref, 4 tab, 5 fig] http://davidpublishing.org/show.html?5229 Geng, B., Teng, B., Et al English This paper discusses the viscous damping effect on the first order motion response of a Truss Spar platform by calculating the damping matrix. The damping matrix is built for numerical calculating with the purpose of evaluating the energy loss in system moving. As a rigid body in the sea, the main damping is viscous damping between platform and flowing water, and that is the velocity force. Using the formula of velocity force, different parts of a Truss Spar, including hard tank, soft tank and heave plates, are considered to calculate the viscous damping, respectively. In this paper, two different numerical results, with damping matrix and without damping ABSTRACTS

2013092175 Wave exciting force and motion response of semisubmersible. Journal of Ship Mechanics, v 17 n 5, 2013, pp 478477 http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTALCBLX201305005.htm Wang, K. Chinese In this paper, the effect of wave exciting force and motion response of a semi-submersible is demonstrated by mathematical model. In order to evaluate the results of this type of very complicated structure with high precision, the shallow water 763

Green function and higher order boundary element method are utilized and symmetry is also considered. Through analysis of numerical results, a comprehensive understanding of this type platform is reached and valuable suggestions are pointed out for structure design.

3.4 FLUID STRUCTURE INTERACTION

2013092177 Slam induced loads on bow-flared sections with various roll angles. Ocean Engineering, v 67, 15 July 2013, pp 45-57 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002 980181300156X Wang, S., Guedes Soares, C. English The two-dimensional water entry of a bow-flared section with different roll angles is studied by using an explicit finite element code. The modelling technique of the fluidstructure interaction adopts a multi-material Arbitrary LagrangianEulerian formulation and a penalty coupling method. The simulated vertical slamming force and pressure histories are compared with experiments and other numerical calculations. The effects of the roll angle on the slamming load are studied through simulations for a bow-flare section with different roll angles. Bows Flare (shape) Slamming Water entry

Boundary element method Green function Motion Semisubmersibles Wave forces on structures

2013092176 Model test of new floating offshore wind turbine platforms. International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, v 5 n 2, 2013, p 199 [11 p, 11 ref, 5 tab, 19 fig] http://jnaoe.org/index.php/jnaoe/article/view/JNAOE. 2013.5.2.199 Shin, H., Pham, T.D., Et al English This paper presents the model test results of 3 new spar platforms which were developed based on the OC3-Hywind spar to support a 5-MW wind turbine. By changing the shape but keeping both volume and mass of OC3-Hywind spar platform, those platforms were expected to experience different hydrodynamic and hydrostatic loads. The scale models were built with a 1/128 scale ratio. The model tests were carried out in waves, including both rotating rotor effect and mean wind speed. The characteristic motions of the 3 new models were measured; Response Amplitude Operators (RAO) and significant motions were calculated and compared with those of OC3-Hywind.

2013092178 Numerical modelling of wave-current forces acting on horizontal cylinder of marine structures by VOF method. Ocean Engineering, v 67, 15 July 2013, pp 58-67 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002 9801813000668 Xiao, H., Huang, W., Et al English In this study, a numerical model is applied to study the interaction of solitary wave and uniform current and their forces acting on a horizontal cylinder near the free surface. The model is based on the Reynoldsaveraged NavierStokes (RANS) equations, and the - turbulent model is used for the closure of the RANS equations. The free surface locations in the model are represented by the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method. The model is satisfactorily tested against both the experimental data of flow forces acting on a horizontal cylinder and the analytical solution of solitary wave. The validated model was applied to simulate solitary wave, uniform current, and their interaction with the horizontal cylinder in coastal structures. The vortex contours around the cylinder are investigated for analysis of wavecurrent effects ABSTRACTS

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on forces acting on horizontal cylinders. Modelling results indicate that forces from combined wave and current action are larger than simple summations of wave force and current force. Cylindrical bodies Numerical models Solitary waves Wave current interaction

equivalent damped harmonic oscillation is not proper by the reason that is clearly shown from the comparison of the shape of the corresponding MCFRs. Cylindrical bodies Frequency domain method Harmonic oscillation Heaving Resonant frequency

2013092179 Natural frequency of 2-dimensional heaving circular cylinder: frequency-domain analysis. Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea, v 50 n 2, April 2013, p 111 [9 p, 7 ref, 1 tab, 11 fig] http://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/ArticleFullReco rd.jsp?cn=DHJSCN_2013_v50n2_111 Lee, D-Y., Lee, S-J. Korean The concept of the natural frequency is useful for understanding the characters of oscillating systems. However, when a circular cylinder floating horizontally on the water surface is heaving, due to the hydrodynamic forces, the system is not governed by the equation like that of the harmonic one. In this paper, in order to shed some light on the more correct use of the concept of the natural frequency, a problem of the heaving circular cylinder is analysed in the frequency domain. Previously, it was thought that the theory of Ursell (1949) could not be used to get the added mass and wave-making damping for short waves; however, they were obtained by applying an accurate collocation method to the theory in this study. Using the so developed numerical method, the added mass and wave-making damping of the circular cylinder was found for the entire range of the frequency. Then, the Modulus of Complex Frequency Response (MCFR) was used to locate the frequency corresponding to the local maximum of MCFR and it was defined as the natural frequency. Comparing the results with the previous investigation, it was found that the pressure distribution on the cylinder gets close asymptotically to that of a cylinder in infinite fluid OR close to that of the cylinder, that the approximation of the natural frequency by Lee (2008) is different from the new value only by 0.64%, and that the approximation of the heaving system by an 2013092180 The sloshing effect on the roll motion and 2-DoF motions of a 2D rectangular cylinder. Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea, v 50 n 2, April 2013, p 69 [10 p, 12 ref, 2 tab, 19 fig] http://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/ArticleFullReco rd.jsp?cn=DHJSCN_2013_v50n2_69 Kim, Y-H., Sung, H-G., Et al Korean This study investigates the sloshing effect on the motions of a two-dimensional rectangular cylinder experimentally and numerically. The modes of motion under consideration are sway and roll, and also experimental cases are divided by two categories; 1-DoF roll motion and 2-DoF motion (coupling sway and roll). It is found that the sway response is considerably affected by the motion of the fluid, particularly near the sloshing natural frequency, while the roll response changes comparatively small. The dominant mode of motion is analysed for 2-DoF experiments as well. The measured data for 1-DoF motions is compared with numerical results obtained by the Multi-modal approach. The numerical schemes vary in detail with the number of dominant sloshing modes; i.e. there is a single dominant mode for the Single-dominant method, while the Model 2 method assumes that the first two modes are superior. For the roll motion, numerical results obtained by the two different methods are relatively in good agreement with the experiments, and these two results are similar in most wave frequency range. However, the discrepancies are apparent where the fluid motion is not governed by a single mode. But both of numerical methods over-predict the motion at the vicinity of the sloshing natural frequency. In order to correct the discrepancy, the modal damping needs to be

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investigated more precisely. Furthermore, another multi-modal approach, such as the Boussinesq-type method, seems to be required in the region of the intermediate liquid. Motion Rectangular bodies Rolling Sloshing

2013092182 Flip through in a sloshing tank: a hydroelastic study. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 6 ref, 3 tab, 10 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Bardazzi, A., Lugni, C. English The object of this research is the investigation on the role of hydroelasticity during a wave impact against an elastic plate inserted in a rigid wall of a sloshing tank: the flip-through impact had been considered. Through Froude scaling, the geometrical dimensions and the mechanical characteristics of a panel of Mark III type tank have been defined. Strain gauges and pressure transducers have been used to measure the deformations of the elastic wall and the hydrodynamic pressure. To evaluate the effect of the hydroelasticity, the same phenomenon has been reproduced both on rigid and elastic wall. Although the overall kinematical evolution of the impact is quite similar, strong differences have been observed from the dynamical point of view between elastic and rigid case. A free-oscillation behaviour after the maximum peaks, characterizes the evolution of the stress along the wall. The hydroelastic interaction deeply modifies the pressure field with respect the fully rigid case, by originating an oscillatory component and increasing the maximum pressure peak. This behaviour should imply that a quasi-static model can strongly underestimate the real load. Hydroelasticity Sloshing Tanks

2013092181 Underwater explosion and effect on structures. International Journal of Innovative Research & Development, v 1 n 10, December (Special Issue) 2012, p 207 [28 p, 47 ref, 12 fig] http://www.ijird.com/index.php/ijird/article/view/437 Rao, S.K., Vijayakumar, R. English The study of underwater explosions (UNDEX) on ship/submarines became of interest during World War II when torpedo explosions near a ship created more damage than a direct hit. Following the war, many full scale ship shock trials were conducted by various countries providing the empirical data that is widely employed. The biggest threat to any marine platform is due to underwater weapons and hence understanding the phenomenon is essential. The sequence of events involved in an UNDEX starting from the detonation, shock wave, bubble pulses and cavitation have been introduced and the dynamics of the process including governing laws have been outlined in the paper. The associated aspects of loading and method of analysing the fluid structure interaction have also been highlighted. The development of such numerical methods to analyse the explosion and its effect on the fluid-structure can lead to design of safer ships and submarines. Moreover, the numerical simulation will eliminate the need for conducting expensive shock tests and trials. Explosions Finite element method Flat plates Underwater

2013092183 CFD analysis of a U-shaped water tunnel bilge keel experiment. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 6 ref, 6 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Boutanios, Z., Vant Veer, R. English This paper addresses the flow behaviour and normal

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force acting on a plate subject to oscillatory flow for KC numbers ranging from 1.4 to 105. For this purpose 3D CFD simulations were conducted on a Ushaped water tunnel configuration believed to be the same as used by Sarpkaya and OKeefe (1996) in their experimental investigation. With each flow oscillation vortices are shed from the tip of wallmounted bilge keel plates installed at the middle of the water tunnel. The strength of such vortices is characterized by the KC number as first described by Keulegan and Carpenter (1958). The KC number is calculated as KC = UmT/h where Um is the maximum velocity in the oscillating flow, T is the cycle period and h is the height of the plate. The normal force on the plate can be characterized by drag and inertia components associated with coefficients Cd and Cm respectively, the like of which were reported by Sarpkaya and OKeefe (1996) for their configuration. Such coefficients are used by Van t Veer et al. (2012) in a methodology to calculate the oscillatory loads on bilge keels of ships operating at zero forward speed in irregular sea states. In Van t Veer et al. (2012) 2D CFD simulations were used, similar to the approach of Kinnas et al. (1992). The 2D CFD results were in overall agreement with the experimental results of Sarpkaya and OKeefe (1996) but certain discrepancies were observed which initiated the present research. Bilge keels Computational fluid dynamics Vortex shedding Water tunnel tests

platform for the development of our simulation tool. The freely available OpenFOAM library includes many commonly-used solution algorithms and turbulence modelling techniques, and provides the opportunity to implement custom solution methods. In this work a fractional step (FSM) time advancement algorithm is compared with the librarystandard PISO-type method. Also, several different sub-grid stress models are examined, including a localized dynamic Smagorinsky model and a localized dynamic kinetic energy transport model. Computational fluid dynamics Cylindrical bodies Surface piercing

2013092185 Evaluation of RANS turbulence models for the flow around an axisymmetric streamlined body. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [5 p, 8 ref, 1 tab, 3 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Johansson, M., Liefvendahl, M. English Flow around streamlined bodies at high Reynolds number is an important class of model problems for ship hydrodynamics in general, and submarine hydrodynamics in particular. With an axisymmetric body on a straight course, as studied here, the flow is dominated by; (i) the development of the turbulent boundary layer, affected by the pressure gradients caused by the shape of the body; (ii) the low-velocity region over the stern, with possible unsteady flow separation and; (iii) the wake flow. In this study, the authors use RANS-models implemented in the opensource CFD software OpenFOAM to investigate the flow around a baseline submarine hull. It is referred to as the Joubert model after the author of the design report. In a recent paper by Anderson et al (2012), extensive data, obtained both with measurements and large-eddy simulation (LES), was published, both for baseline hull and the appended configuration with sail and rudders. In the present study a systematic simulation campaign is carried out in order to evaluate RANS turbulence models, for this problem,

2013092184 Critical evaluation of several LES and DES models for simulation of flow around a vertical surface-piercing cylinder. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 14 ref, 1 tab, 9 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Filip, G.P., Maki, K.J., Kim, S-E. English The goal of this research is to simulate the flow around a vertical-oriented free-surface-piercing cylinder with high resolution in both the space and time coordinates. The spectrum of time-advancement and turbulence-modelling strategies to solve appropriate equations for this flow is broad. The authors utilize the OpenFOAM CFD toolkit as the ABSTRACTS

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by comparison with the data from experiments and LES. The main objective being to make method recommendations for this class of problems. Axisymmetric bodies Computational fluid dynamics Turbulent flow

2013092186 OpenFOAM simulation of regular wave and wave load on cylinder. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 8 ref, 1 tab, 6 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Li, L., Tan, M., Blake, J. English Ocean wave energy is a resource with relatively high energy density and large global capacity and the potential to extract this energy from waves is considerable. The research in this area has been very active since 1970s. The aim of this project is to address the fluid structure interaction problem on soft bodied wave energy converter (WEC) by developing a numerical method. Initially, a fixed and rigid cylinder is used as simplified WEC to predict the wave-induced load on it and the results are validated against physical experiment data and other simulation results. The research process is divided into several procedures: 1. Regular wave theory; 2. Wave tank modelling; 3. Wave-induced load validation. Cylindrical bodies Fluid structure interaction Wave loads

this paper, a 3D numerical wave tank is created based on N-S equations and continuity equations, in which a regular wave is generated based on a flap wavemaker similar to a physical deepwater offshore basin. Model tests were conducted to confirm this numerical method and obtain the optimal mesh strategy. Wave diffraction and run-up effects are simulated in this numerical wave tank. Hexahedral meshes are created in all fluid regions based on multi-block coupling technology in order to increase iteration speed and accuracy of the solution, also capture free surface much smoothly. Results indicate that distributions of water surface around semi-submersible can be obtained in detail through this method. Moreover, the areas of strong nonlinear wave around a platform can also be predicted, which is also a key basis to determine installation locations before model tests. The wave surface is similar with model tests which indicates further that this numerical method is feasible primarily in run-up simulation. In addition, the process of wave diffraction and run-up along columns is also simulated from physical phenomenon, which will provide an important reference for further research on the nonlinear interaction between waves and offshore structures. Numerical models Semisubmersibles Wave runup

2013092188 Using CFD to assess fluid structure interaction in a moonpool. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 3 ref, 2 tab, 12 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Pistidda, A., Ottens, H. English The behaviour of the water column in the moonpool and the interaction with the structure can potentially be predicted with model tests and numerical analysis. The experimental data publically available typically focuses on the behaviour of the moonpool for a certain sea state/sailing condition or focuses on slamming forces for a specific type of structure during water entry. Also in CFD the simulation of the behaviour of the moonpool is generally split from the simulation of the interaction between water column and structure. In this work, a hybrid approach is used. The motion of the water column in the ABSTRACTS

2013092187 A numerical method to investigate nonlinear wave run-up effects around semi-submersible in steep waves. Journal of Ship Mechanics, v 17 n 4, April 2013, p 346 [14, 23 ref, 2 tab, 24 fig] http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotalCBLX201304004.htm Shan, T-b., Yang, J-m., Et al Chinese The effect of nonlinear wave run-up along columns in steep waves is a prominent top and also an important aspect in air-gap prediction of semisubmersibles. In 768

moonpool is derived from model test data while the interaction of water-structure is reproduced in CFD using the water level fluctuation from model tests as input. Analyses is performed with STAR-CCM+. CFD plays an important role in the evaluation of the fluid structure interaction. CFD is considered as a cost-effective tool complementary to model tests to obtain hydrodynamic coefficients. For this reason, it is important not only to understand the possibilities, but also the limitations of CFD. In order to assess how CFD can predict slamming forces a validation study is also presented; it refers to a water entry of a V-shaped section with 30 degrees dead-rise angle, which is considered representative for this application. After the validation the results for a typical structure subject to slamming in a moonpool are presented. Computational fluid dynamics Fluid structure interaction Moonpools Slamming Water entry

field underwater noise radiations of the SWATH ship are predicted by the hydroelasticity method also. The predictions are compared with the measured results, showing that the present method is also rational for the noise radiation analysis. Hydroelasticity Noise SWATH ships Vibration

2013092190 Performance predictions of a horizontal axis tidal stream turbine considering the effects of blade deformation. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 5A.1, p 236 [6 p, 12 ref, 1 tab, 13 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Park, S.W., Park, S., Rhee, S.H. English Flow load induced by tidal streams can cause deformation on the composite material turbine blades. The deformation adversely affects the turbine performance in many cases. For better designs of tidal stream turbines, analyses considering the effects of blade deformation are necessary. First, performance prediction of tidal stream turbines were carried out without considering the deformation and in conventional inflow condition, and then its results were compared with existing experimental data. The computed power coefficients for various tip speed ratios were predicted quite closely to the experimental data. Then numerical analyses to consider fluidstructure interaction (FSI) for deformation of the turbine blade were carried out by using partitioned strong coupling method. The blade deformation was clearly observed in the FSI results. The power coefficient, pressure distribution, and detailed flows around the blade were compared between the simulations without and with the deformation. Computational fluid dynamics Fluid structure interaction Tidal power Turbines

2013092189 Analysis of the structural vibration and noise radiation of a SWATH ship based on hydroelastic method. Journal of Ship Mechanics, v 17 n 4, April 2013, p 430 [9 p, 11 ref, 1 tab, 15 fig] http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTALCBLX201304014.htm Ye, Y-l., Wu, Y-s., Et al Chinese The structural vibration and noise radiation of a ship in waves is achieved synthetically to consider the wave force and mechanical exciting force based on the 3D hydroelasticity method. The structural vibration response characteristics of a SWATH ship are analysed. The natural frequency characteristics of the hull and the local structural vibration response excited by a diesel generator are predicted when in 0 kn and in navigation. The predicted results are compared with the test results of the ship, and illustrate that the analysis method is effective for the prediction of overall vibration and forced vibration of the hull excited by mechanical force. The near and far

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2013092191 Analytical and numerical computation of added mass in ship vibration analysis. Brodogradnja, v 64 n 2, March 2013 [11 p, 21 ref, 6 tab, 5 fig] http://www.hrbi.hr/brodogradnja/ Bai, J., Parunov, J. English Comparison between analytical and numerical determination of the added hydrodynamic mass in ship vibration analysis is performed. Analytical analysis was done on a semi-submerged cylinder of a circular cross section. Numerical calculations were carried out by the boundary element method implemented in NX Nastran finite element (FE) software. Fairly good agreement was found between the two methods for added mass calculation. Also, analysis of the real ship vibrations is performed. Free vertical vibrations of a 9200TEU containership are analysed where the hull was modelled by the beam finite elements, while the shell plating was modelled by the plate FE without stiffness to define boundary elements of the wetted surface. Such calculated results are compared with the ones obtained by software DYANA which uses Timoshenko's beam FE and in which the added mass is determined by traditional analytically-based method. Comparative analysis shows some moderate differences in the calculation of added mass between the two approaches, indicating the need for further research on this topic. Added mass Boundary element method Finite element method Vibration

with the results. Experiment was done to verify the flow field calculated from the multipole expansions. Added mass Damping factor Rolling

2013092193 Development of a shape-adaptive composite propeller using bend-twist coupling characteristics of composites. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 3A.3, p 128 [8 p, 15 ref, 7 tab, 12 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Herath, M.T., Prusty, B.G., Et al English An essential part in the development of composite marine propellers primarily focuses on the testing and understanding of their coupled fluid and structural behaviour. Due to economic and time limitations it is preferable to use computer simulation based results with satisfactory validation. Validation study for a twisted bend-twist coupled hydrofoil using experiments has been carried out using finite element based fluid structure interaction (FSI). Modelling and solution procedures using FSI are discussed to highlight the benefit of optimised designs using bendtwist coupling. Composite materials Fluid structure interaction Propellers

2013092192 Application of multiple expansions to roll damping. Brodogradnja, v 64 n 2, March 2013 [18 p, 10 ref, 2 tab, 19 fig] http://www.hrbi.hr/brodogradnja/ Choi, Y.M., Kwon, S.H., Et al English This study presents the application of multipole expansion to calculate the roll damping of the rectangular box. The N-parameter Lewis form was used to follow the rectangular cross section. The Ursell-Tasai method was employed to deal with noncircular cross section. The added mass and damping coefficient of the sway, heave, and roll motion were calculated. BEM code was developed to compare 770

2013092194 Eddy current-caused platform vibration and correction. OTC 2013, 44th Offshore Technology Conference; 69 May 2013; Houston, TX, US. ISBN 978-1-61399241-8. Paper 24164 http://www.onepetro.org/mslib/servlet/onepetroprevie w?id=OTC-24164-MS Campo, J.J., Buescher, F.J., Kallaby, J. English A fixed-base steel platform experienced unusual deck vibrations soon after installation during Eddy current episodes. The approximate 70 cycles/minute ABSTRACTS

oscillation of the deck resulted in the temporary evacuation of personnel. The paper presents analyses performed, current measurement methods employed, motion detection devices utilized and corrective measures investigated and selected. Eddy currents Offshore platforms Vibration

2013092195 Applications of three-dimensional multiphase flow simulations for prediction of wave impact pressure. Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology, v 27 n 2, April 2013, p 39 [8 p, 18 ref, 11 fig] http://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/ArticleFullReco rd.jsp?cn=HOGHC7_2013_v27n2_39 Jeong, S-M., Hwang, S-C., Park, J-C. Korean In this study, the impact loads on tank walls by sloshing phenomena and on a tall structure in a threedimensional rectangular tank were predicted using multiphase flow simulations. The solver was based on the CIP/CCUP (Constraint interpolation CIP/CIP combined unified procedure) method, and the THINC-WLIC (Tangent hyperbola for interface capturing-weighted line interface calculation) scheme was used to capture the air-water interface. For the convection terms of the Navier-Stokes equations, the USCIP (Unsplit semi-Lagrangian CIP) method was adopted. The results of simulations were compared with those of experiments. Overall, the comparisons were reasonably good. Impact loads Multiphase flow Sloshing Tanks

water, etc., have been considered, especially in the ocean engineering field. The governing equations for both an elastic solid model and flow model were originally derived from similar continuum mechanics principles. In this study, an elastic model based on a particle method, the MPS method, was developed for simulating the FSI problems. The developed model was first applied to a simple cantilever deflection problem for verification. Then, the model was coupled with the fluid flow model, the PNU (Pusan National University modified)-MPS method, and applied to the numerical investigation of the coupling effects between a cantilever and a mass of water, which has variable density, free-falling to the end of the cantilever. Fluid structure interaction Numerical analysis

2013092197 Review of model test techniques of local slamming on ships. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 24, p 189 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Luo, H., Guedes Soares, C. English While earlier studies of slam induced responses have dealt with the global whipping response more recent studies have dealt with local response and various experimental studies have been conducted. Model tests are still adopted to verify and validate results of analytical and numerical solutions. The state of art of model test techniques and results of local slamming on ships is reviewed in this paper. Three main problems are considered, water entry of rigid bodies into calm water, model tests in waves, and hydroelasticity of local slamming. The challenges for future work are discussed. Hydroelasticity Model tests Slamming Water entry

2013092196 Development of particle simulation method for analysis of fluid-structure interaction problems. Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology, v 27 n 2, April 2013, p 53 [6 p, 13 ref, 1 tab, 7 fig] http://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/ArticleFullReco rd.jsp?cn=HOGHC7_2013_v27n2_53 Hwang, S-C., Park, J-C., Et al Korean Recently, some fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems involving the fluid impact loads interacting with structures, such as sloshing, slamming, greenABSTRACTS

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2013092198 Analysis of the fluid-structure interaction of a composite motor yacht. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 33, p 269 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Bagbanci, H., Baykut, N., Et al English In this paper a fluid-structure interaction problem is solved by utilizing a computational fluid dynamics code to solve three-dimensional (3D) Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations in conjunction with a finite element program to perform a strength analysis of a composite motor yacht, performing a fluid-structure interaction study. Hydrodynamic and hydrostatic loads are obtained in the first step. These loads are then used to perform a strength analysis of the hull structure. A composite boat was examined for the velocities of 0, 4, 8, 12 16 knots to obtain the pressure loads under different working conditions. Hydrodynamic and hydrostatic load magnitudes were found to be close in magnitude for the velocities of 0, 4 and 8 knots, but the values for the velocities of 12 and 16 knots are different from the above counterparts. The static strength analysis of the structure is also performed by the finite element software for the above mentioned velocities and the results are compared. Computational fluid dynamics Fluid structure interaction Motor yachts

pressure distribution on the surface of a wedge with a deadrise angle of 30o are compared with available experimental results to validate the current FEM model. The effect of deadrise angle on the slamming load is studied by comparing the predicted results of wedge with varying deadrise angles in terms of maximum pressure coefficient, pressure distribution and maximum slamming force. Comparisons with analytical calculations are also in included. Finite element method Slamming Water entry Wedges

2013092200 Finite element analysis of second order wave radiation by a group of cylinders in the time domain. Journal of Hydrodynamics, Series B, v 25 n 3, July 2013, pp 348-361 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S100 160581160373X Wang, C-z., Mitra, S., Et al English A finite element based numerical method is employed to analyse the wave radiation by multiple or a group of cylinders in the time domain. The nonlinear free surface and body surface boundary conditions are satisfied based on the perturbation method up to the second order. The first- and second-order velocity potential problems at each time step are solved through a Finite Element Method (FEM). The matrix equation of the FEM is solved through iteration and the initial solution is obtained from the result at the previous time step. The three-dimensional (3-D) mesh required is generated based on a two-dimensional (2D) hybrid mesh on a horizontal plane and its extension in the vertical direction. The hybrid mesh is generated by combining an unstructured grid away from cylinders and two structured grids near the cylinder and the artificial boundary. The fluid velocity on the free surface and the cylinder surface are calculated by using a differential method. Results for various configurations including the cases of two cylinders and four cylinders and a group of eighteen cylinders are obtained to show the joint influences of cylinders on the first- and second-order waves and

2013092199 Explicit FE simulation of slamming load on rigid wedges with various deadrise angles during water entry. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 49, p 399 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Wang, S., Luo, H., Guedes Soares, C. English Two-dimensional water entry of rigid wedges is studied in this work by using an explicit finite element method based on a multi-material arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian formulation and penalty coupling method. The predicted vertical force and 772

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forces, including the effects of spacing ratios and wave frequency on the second order waves and the mean force, in particular. Cylindrical bodies Finite element method Wave radiation

2013092202 Simulation of water entry of an elastic wedge using the FDS scheme and HCIB method. Journal of Hydrodynamics, Series B, v 25 n 3, July 2013, pp 450-458 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S100 1605811603844 Shin, S., Bae, S.Y. English The hydroelasticity of water entry of an elastic wedge is simulated using a code developed using the fluxdifference splitting scheme for immiscible and incompressible fluids and the hybrid Cartesian/immersed boundary method. The free surface is regarded as a moving contact discontinuity and is captured without any additional treatment along the interface. Immersed boundary nodes are distributed inside a fluid domain based on the edges that cross an instantaneous body boundary. Dependent variables are reconstructed at each immersed boundary node with the help of an interpolation along a local normal line for providing a boundary condition for a discretized flow problem. A dynamic beam equation is used for modelling the elastic deformation of a wedge. The developed code is validated through comparisons with other experimental and computational results for a freefalling wedge. The effects of the elastic deformation of the wedge on the pressure fields and time histories of the impact force are investigated in relation to the stiffness and density of the structure. Grid independence test is carried out for the computed time history of the force acting on an elastic wedge. Free surfaces Hydroelasticity Water entry Wedges

2013092201 Application of signal processing techniques to the detection of tip vortex cavitation noise in marine propeller. Journal of Hydrodynamics, Series B, v 25 n 3, July 2013, pp 440-449 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S100 1605811603832 Lee, J-H., Han, J-M., Et al English The tip vortex cavitation and its relevant noise has been the subject of extensive researches up to now. In most cases of experimental approaches, the accurate and objective decision of cavitation inception is primary, which is the main topic of this paper. Although the conventional power spectrum is normally adopted as a signal processing tool for the analysis of cavitation noise, a faithful exploration cannot be made especially for the cavitation inception. Alternatively, the periodic occurrence of bursting noise induced from tip vortex cavitation gives a diagnostic proof that the repeating frequency of the bursting contents can be exploited as an indication of the inception. This study, hence, employed the Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) analysis and the Detection of Envelope Modulation On Noise (DEMON) spectrum analysis, both which are appropriate for finding such a repeating frequency. Through the acoustical measurement in a water tunnel, the two signal processing techniques show a satisfactory result in detecting the inception of tip vortex cavitation. Fourier analysis Propeller cavitation Propeller noise Signal processing Tip vortices

2013092203 A study on the estimation of ship waves interaction with the sloping banks of the channel. Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering, v 2 n 3, March 2012, p 165 [10 p, 11 ref, 1 tab, 11 fig] http://davidpublishing.org/show.html?5717 Chicherin, I., Pustoshny, A. English The problem of shore wash in environmental engineering is connected in particular with the effect of waves generated by ships and high speed boats. Another problem is protection of marinas with anchored boats against waves. Sloping banks provoke unfavourable transformation of waves. A

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simultaneously sloping bank is the factor which significantly complicates the prediction of wave patterns in numerical analysis. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the results of a numerical investigation of ship waves patterns in a restricted water area with sloping banks by a panel method for non-linear ship waves calculation usually applied for ship hull perfection as a routine instrument of towing tanks technology. The method initially developed for calculation of ship hull waves in inviscid infinite fluid was adapted to meet boundary conditions on sloping banks. Verification of the method was done for 60series ship in a rectangular channel. Development of wave patterns generated by two different ship types monohull ferries and river catamarans was investigated. It was found that ship wave height significantly increased due to sloping banks compared with the case of deep water and a shallow water rectangular channel. Banks (waterways) Interactions Ship waves

2013092205 Simulation of current structure interactions using least-squares finite element method. Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering, v 2 n 4, April 2012, p 230 [8 p, 25 ref, 1 tab, 25 fig] http://davidpublishing.org/show.html?7927 Liang, S-J., Lan, C-Y., Tsai, C-H. English The objective of this paper is to investigate the condition number of various formulations of LSFEM (least-squares finite element method) for SWE (shallow-water equations), and develop a better conditioned shallow-water model to simulate current structure interactions. Various formulations of LSFEM for two-dimensional vertically-averaged nonviscous shallow-water equations can be constructed, depending on the choice of norm, variables, interpolations, and possible treatment of boundary conditions. The condition number of the resulting system of equations is systematically examined and compared. It is found that condition number of the resulting system of equations depends on the choice of variables, interpolations, and size of element (h). Order reduction (UW) formulations, with introducing auxiliary variables, with low-order interpolation is better conditioned and more efficient than direct (U) formulation with high-order interpolation. However, to resolve large gradients and fine structures of flow filed, high-order methods are generally preferred. The developed shallow-water model is used to simulate flow past an elliptic hump and flow past a cylinder. Computed results are compared with other numerical solutions. Finite element method Fluid structure interaction Least squares method Ocean currents

2013092204 TR-PIV analysis of turbulent wake of hydrofoil with bevelled trailing edge. Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering, v 2 n 4, April 2012, p 224 [6 p, 6 ref, 16 fig] http://davidpublishing.org/show.html?7926 Jun, Z., Zhai, S., Et al English The turbulent wakes behind a trailing edge are analysed for understanding of the flow mechanisms responsible for the generation of trailing edge noise. The TILS (turbulence integral length scale) of the turbulent wake of hydrofoil with blunt trailing edge is calculated from TR-PIV (time-resolved particle image velocimetry) data. The temporal autocorrelation method based on Taylor hypothesis and spatial correlation method are used to get the TILS information of the turbulent wake of hydrofoil, respectively. The comparison of results by two methods indicates that the spatial correlation method is independent on Taylor hypothesis and suitable to strong turbulence and non-isotropic turbulence. Hydrofoils Model tests Trailing edges Turbulent flow

2013092206 Rapid response calculation of LNG cargo containment system under sloshing load using wavelet transformation. International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, v 5 n 2, 2013, p 227 [19 p, 13 ref, 19 fig] http://jnaoe.org/index.php/jnaoe/article/view/JNAOE. 2013.5.2.287 Kim, Y. English Reliable strength assessment of a Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) cargo containment system under sloshing impact loads is very difficult due to the complexity of

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the physics involved, both in terms of the hydrodynamics and structural mechanics. Out of all those complexities, the proper selection of the design sloshing load which is applied to the structural model of the LNG cargo containment system is one of the most challenging due to its inherent randomness as well as the statistical analysis which is tightly linked to the design sloshing load selection. In this study, the response based strength assessment procedure of an LNG cargo containment system has been developed and proposed as an alternative design methodology. Sloshing pressure time history, measured from the model test, is decomposed into wavelet basis function targeting the minimization of the number of the basis function together with the maximization of the numerical efficiency. Then the response of the structure is obtained using the finite element method under each wavelet basis function of different scale. Finally, the response of the structure under entire sloshing impact time history is rapidly calculated by synthesizing the structural response under wavelet basis function. Through this analysis, more realistic response of the system under sloshing impact pressure can be obtained without missing the details of pressure time history such as rising pattern, oscillation due to air entrapment and decay pattern and so on. The strength assessment of the cargo containment system is then performed based on the statistical analysis of the stress peaks selected out of the obtained stress time history. Containment systems LNG tanks Sloshing Strength

height stability, and the lift-to-drag ratio. The strong trade-off among aerodynamic characteristics makes it difficult to simultaneously satisfy the design requirements of high aerodynamic performance and high stability. In this study, three characteristics the lift coefficient, the aerodynamic centre of height, and the lift-to-drag ratio are chosen as the objective functions. The aerodynamic centre of height is selected, rather than static height stability, because it is more suitable for single airofoils optimisation and can be directly extended to a WIG vehicle. Also, 18 coordinates in the sectional airofoils are adopted as design variables. In multi-objective optimisation, the optimal solutions are not unique, but are a set of nondominated and potential optima, called Pareto optima or Pareto sets. The Pareto optima (113 individuals) include various airofoils shapes such as a flat lower surface and a convex lower surface next to the trailing edge, which show high lift and high stability, respectively. Aerodynamics Computational fluid dynamics Optimisation Wing in ground effect craft

2013092208 WIND CHALLENGER the next generation hybrid sailing vessel. SMP 13, 3rd International Symposium on Marine Propulsors; 5-8 May 2013; Launceston, Australia. Proceedings. Organised and Published by Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. ISBN 978-0-646-90334-7. Paper 11B.3, p 562 [6 p, 4 ref, 2 tab, 18 fig] https://app.certain.com/system/accounts/register123/l eishman/events/smp13/Proceedings_of_SMP_13_sma ll.pdf Ouchi, K., Uzawa, K., Et al English The Wind Challenger Project which was started by The University of Tokyo and major Japanese shipping companies is carrying out research to utilize the maximum ocean wind power for the main propulsion of a large cargo vessel. The concept of Motor Assisted Wind Powered Vessel is proposed as the next generation sailing vessel named UT WIND CHALLENGER. The vessel is equipped with extraordinary large rigid sails on the upper deck as a main propulsor which is made by advanced light material such as CFRP composite. The rigid sail has a crescent wing section and also has vertically telescopic reefing and a self-rotating mechanism to 775

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2013092207 Aerodynamic analysis and multi-objective optimisation of wings in ground effect. Ocean Engineering, v 68, 1 August 2013, pp 1-13 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002 9801813001650 Lee, S-H., Lee, J. English Optimisation of the sectional shapes of wings in ground effect (WIG) has been performed in this study by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and multi-objective optimisation technology. The primary factors of the aerodynamic characteristics of the wings in ground effect are the lift force, the static ABSTRACTS

meet the wind velocity and direction. The nine pieces of rigid sails (total sail area 9,000m2) are expected to generate forward thrust enough to drive 180,000DWT Bulk Carrier at the speed of 14knots, in case of wind velocity of 12m/s from a beam. The aerodynamic interaction of the nine wing sail system is carried out with full scale CFD simulation. Furthermore, a study on the fuel oil saving effect in the real sea such as the route between Yokohama and Seattle was carried out and about 30% of propulsion energy is acquired from the wind power in average. Aerodynamics Sailing vessels Wings Wind propulsion

2013092210 Review of offshore floating wind turbines concepts. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 68, p 553 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Bagbanci, H., Karmakar, D., Guedes Soares, C. English A literature survey of research and development on offshore floating wind turbines and its applications is presented. The performance of various floating wind turbine models in different water depths are outlined to understand the importance of the water depth for floater design. The working principle of various floater concepts and the conceptual designs for floating platforms used for floating wind turbine technology by various researchers and research institutes are discussed. A brief description on the various components of the wind turbines, the role of various techniques and loads for design, control systems and economics of wind energy conversion system are also presented. Floating structures Literature reviews Wind turbines

2013092209 Experimental study of the performance of a rigid wing sail. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 6, p 45 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Bettencourt, J.H., Fonseca, N., Guedes Soares, C. English The performance of a rigid wing sail was studied by wind tunnel experiments. The lift and drag forces were measured for a range of angles of attack and flap deflections in order to get information about the sails performance envelope. The results obtained show that the rigid wing sail behaves like a traditional cloth sail when sailing against the wind, but has limitations on its performance when sailing in favour of the wind. These limitations are related to the rigid sails design as an airplane wing which does not account for operation in the low lift to drag ratio regime, contrary to the design of traditional sail cloths. Aerodynamics Sails Wind tunnel tests Wings

2013092211 Study of rigid sail aerodynamics. RINA Transactions - IJSCT, v 155 part B1, JanuaryJune 2013 Grassi, C., Foresta, M., Et al English Most sailboats use flexible sails to generate the aerodynamic propulsive force. However, for the 2013 Americas Cup sailboat competition, rigid sails were specified. These sails resemble an airplanes wing and traditional wing-design tools (computational and experimental) were used to study the performance of the multi-element sail system. The shape of the proposed sail is based on two, tandem, symmetric airofoils, resulting in a geometry, unlike any traditional two-element airofoil. Because racing regulations limit the sail shape, only the twodimensional airofoil geometry was open for a redesign. Therefore, the first objective of this study was to identify the possible variables affecting the aerodynamic performance of such sails (within the framework of racing regulations). At the same time, a secondary objective was to evaluate the effectiveness ABSTRACTS

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of simple computational and experimental tools for such a design exercise. Aerodynamics Rigidity Sails

equations are solved with flexible GMRES (FGMRES), using SIMPLER as preconditioner. Numerical analysis Turbulent flow

4.1 STRUCTURAL RESPONSE 3.6 FUNDAMENTAL FLUID MECHANICS

2013092212 On novel simulation methods for complex flows in maritime applications. NuTTS 2012, 15th Numerical Towing Tank Symposium; 7-9 October 2012; Cortona, Italy. Proceedings; ISBN 978-1-62276-878-3. [6 p, 9 ref, 3 tab, 10 fig] http://www.unidue.de/imperia/md/content/ist/nutts_15_2012_corton a.pdf Bandringa, H., Verstappen, R., Et al English Turbulent flows in maritime applications usually contain a wide range of length and time scales, especially for high Reynolds numbers. Therefore, it is not feasible to solve such flows with direct numerical simulation. To reduce CPU-times, a model is proposed. Verstappen et al. proposed an LES model based on regularization. The regularization model filters the convective terms in the Navier-Stokes equations without adding any artificial dissipation. The spatial discretization preserves the energy too. This is quite important, since artificial dissipation can interfere with the subtle interplay between inertia and dissipation of the flow. A novel aspect of this research will be to implement the regularization model on unstructured grids. On these grids, the authors hope to get similar behaviour as for structured grids. The symmetry preserving discretization and regularization model are being implemented in MARIN's in-house CFD solver ReFRESCO. Furthermore, the authors expect that the new discretization and modelling techniques allow LES computations on a coarser mesh/larger time step while maintaining the same accuracy, resulting in a reduced computation time. In ReFRESCO, the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are discretized with a finite volume approach. The discrete variables are defined at the cell centres (colocated) on unstructured grids. Implicit time integration is used. The linearized systems of 2013092213 Fighting riser fatigue with less effort. Offshore Marine Technology, 3rd Quarter 2012, p 17 [3 p, 1 tab, 1 fig] http://www.rina.org.uk/omt.html Dong, L-l., Huang, Y., Et al English This article reports on the results of a case study hosted to develop computationally efficient approaches to fatigue analysis for deepwater risers. Computation Fatigue life Risers

2013092214 Performance assessment of damaged ship hulls. Ocean Engineering, v 68, 1 August 2013, pp 65-76 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002 9801813001327 Saydam, D., Frangopol, D.M. English In this paper, a probabilistic framework for performance assessment of ship hulls under sudden damage accounting for different operational conditions is presented. Grounding and collision accidents are considered as sudden damage scenarios. The combined effects of sudden damage and progressive deterioration due to corrosion are investigated. The performance of ship hull is quantified in terms of ship reliability and robustness. The longitudinal bending moment failure is considered as the limit state. The longitudinal bending moment capacities of the intact and damaged ship hulls are assessed using an optimisation-based version of incremental curvature method. The waveinduced loads for different ship speeds, headings and sea states are identified based on hydrodynamic analysis and the ship performance under different operational conditions is investigated. The approach is illustrated on an oil tanker. Under different operational conditions the reliability index associated with the intact and damaged ship hull and the 777

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robustness index associated with damage scenarios are presented in polar plots. In addition, aging effects on ship reliability are investigated. Degradation Hull damage Structural reliability

2013092216 Profile analysis on signal measured local ice load during icebreaking in Arctic Sea. Navigation and Port Research, v 37 n 2, April 2013, p 143 [6 p, 17 ref, 1 tab, 10 fig] http://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/ArticleFullReco rd.jsp?cn=GHMHD9_2013_v37n2_143 Jeon, Y-J., Rim, C-W.,, Lee, T-K. Korean The aim of this study is to investigate the characteristics of the profile of local ice loads acting on the side shell of the port side of bows due to broken ice during icebreaking of ships in ice covered waters. The first Korean icebreaking research vessel ARAON had a sea ice field trial in the Arctic Sea during early August 2010, and the signals due to local ice impact were measured from several strain gauges installed at the bow part were gathered. It is known that these data with structural response characteristics due to local ice impact have some different characteristics with a typical hydraulic impact pressure - time history. In this study, the time history on the measured signals was analysed and the characteristic values are presented using nondimensional parameters. Ice loads Icebreakers Structural response

2013092215 Fatigue analysis of steel catenary riser at the touch-down point based on linear hysteretic risersoil interaction model. Ocean Engineering, v 68, 1 August 2013, pp 102-111 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002 9801813001522 Wang, K., Xue, H., Tang, W. English The fatigue life of a steel catenary riser (SCR) at the touch-down point (TDP) is substantially affected by its interaction with the seabed. In order to broaden the understanding of seabed effects on TDP's fatigue performance and provide more accurate fatigue life prediction in the SCRs design, the effects of the seabed characteristics on fatigue damage of the SCRs at the TDP have been studied in this paper. In this study, a new element at touch-down zone (TDZ) is created to simulate the riser-soil interaction based on the proposed linear hysteretic riser-soil interaction model. A conventional twin-pontoon semisubmersible with a particular riser geometry in the South China Sea is adopted to evaluate how the fatigue damage was affected by the seabed characteristics. The results based on this study indicate that: 1) Larger mudline shear strength and shear strength gradient corresponding to stiffer seabed lead to shorter fatigue life. 2) The seabed suction effect could not be neglected in the SCRs design, since its effect on the TDP's fatigue damage is obvious and the greater suction force causes more fatigue damage. 3) The deeper the trench, the less TDP's fatigue damage will be. Therefore the development of trench is in favour of longer fatigue life of the riser. Fatigue life Risers Seabed

2013092217 Research on ship structural stress monitoring points selection method. Journal of Ship Mechanics, v 17 n 4, April 2013, p 389 [9 p, 16 ref, 7 tab, 4 fig] http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTALCBLX201304009.htm Jia, L-h., Ren, H-l., Et al Chinese Ship structural stress real-time monitoring system (SSSRMS) achieves real-time monitoring and evaluation of the ship structure strength by implanting strain sensors on the hull structure. The method of the selection of stress monitoring points in SSSRMS was studied. The response functions of structure stress under external loads were obtained through the method of the whole ship structural finite element analysis. The monitoring points were selected in two methods which are finding the monitoring points on the area of high stress and considering the

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information of sea states. Then the method of strain sensor arrangement was presented according to the stress characteristics of the selected points. Finally, an application example was given. Hull stress Structural monitoring

2013092219 Estimation of hull bending moment and shear force from ship motions using neural networks. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 26, p 205 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Moreira, L., Guedes Soares, C. English A technique is presented for estimating time-domain wave-induced ship hull bending moments and shear forces from ship motion measurements based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). The objective of the use of this methodology is to obtain an expedite hull monitoring tool to be used on board ship. The ANNs are used to model the time-domain relationship between the ship motions and the wave-induced vertical bending moments and shear forces. A mathematical model based on a strip theory formulation provides the ship motions data in the time domain allowing the validation of the method through numerical simulations. Bending moments Neural networks Ship motions

2013092218 Wave loading uncertainties and structural fatigue reliability researches for semi-submersible. Journal of Ship Mechanics, v 17 n 4, April 2013, p 398 [13 p, 14 ref, 19 tab, 2 fig] http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTALCBLX201304010.htm Yang, P., Gu, X-k. Chinese Uncertainties of wave loading are a large part of the analysis of structural fatigue strength for ocean platforms. In this paper, assessing methods and formulas are built for wave spectrum, sea wave height, wave loading transfer function, cross-zero period, sea state occurrence possibility and wave direction, to investigate the uncertainties of wave loading during calculation of fatigue loading. The wave loading model trial is taken to assess the uncertainty of wave loading transfer function. The correcting formulas of significant wave height and mean cross-zero period in the Northwest Pacific are regressed statistically after specially calculating the sea states in Northwest Pacific and South China Sea, and the influence factors of different season sea states and principle of wave direction distribution to wave loading and fatigue life of a semi-submersible are investigated. Finally, the fatigue reliability index of typical structures for semi-submersibles is researched on the basis of uncertainties of wave loading and the other uncertainties during structural fatigue analysis. Fatigue life Semisubmersibles Uncertainty Wave loads

2013092220 Study on the ultimate torsional strength of ship hulls. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 38, p 309 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Liu, B., Guedes Soares, C. English A simple method based on plastic theory if proposed to study the ultimate torsional strength of ship hulls. The plastic theory and a finite element analysis are used to analyse the collapse of a test specimen to torsion so as to compare with the experimental results. A computer program using one-dimensional finite element method is used to analyse the elastic behaviour of the test specimen, and a nonlinear finite element method is used to analyse in detail its plastic behaviour. The study is mainly concentrated on the

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section that is the transition from open to closed section. Special attention is paid on the comparisons of different calculation results. Hull strength Torsion Ultimate strength

2013092221 FE parameters estimation and analysis of ultimate strength of box girder. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 41, p 331 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Saad-Eldeen, S., Garbatov, Y., Guedes Soares, C. English This paper presents a finite element model and an analysis of large-scale specimen of box girders subjected to four-point loading. Extensive nonlinear finite element analyses have been performed to find out the best configuration of the model by varying the initial imperfection (shape and amplitude) and mesh size that affect the ultimate strength and post-collapse behaviour. The results achieved by the use of the adopted finite element models demonstrate a very good agreement with the three-linear trend of the bending moment-curvature behaviour of an intact box girder. Furthermore, a comparison with different box girders having different material properties and geometrical descriptions has been carried out. Finite element method Girders Ultimate strength

accomplished using the finite element method applied to the vessel model, giving special attention to the bow and stern of the craft when submitted to slamming effects and jet thrust loads, respectively. The modes and frequencies of vibration were determined to check for structural resonance problems due to slamming induced loads, considering the sea conditions where the craft operates. The forced frequency response of a specific region on the bow was also determined when subjected to slamming loads applied in a frequency range from 25 to 80 Hz. The results revealed that the maximum stress induced in the structure was lower than the yield strength of the materials used in the production of the craft, the aluminium alloys 5083-H111 e6082T6. Hypothetical flooding of watertight compartments was also simulated in the ships section comprehended between the bulkheads no. 17 and 20 and in the engine and waterjet compartments, separately. High speed vessels Structural response

2013092223 Comparison of numerical and experimental results of the modal analysis of a ship deck panel. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 43, p 349 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 timac, G., Luo, H., Guedes Soares, C. English In order to avoid resonances and consequently excessive vibrations, special attention is dedicated to modal analysis, with the aim of determination of natural frequencies and mode shapes of the structure. The objective of this paper is to perform numerical modal analysis of a ferry deck panel as well as to compare the obtained results with previously available experimental data. Finite element analysis of the stiffened plate is performed using finite element analysis with shell elements for the plate and stiffeners. Final comparisons show good agreement of numerical and experimental data. Experimentation Modal analysis Numerical analysis Ship decks

2013092222 Structural behaviour of a lightweight craft. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 42, p 339 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Santos, M.S., Martins, R.F., Et al English This paper presents both the global and local structural response of a fast craft when subjected to the effect of slamming and flooding of watertight adjacent compartments. The studies were 780

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2013092224 Ultimate strength assessment accounting for the effect of finite element modelling. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 44, p 353 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Tekgoz, M., Garbatov, Y., Guedes Soares, C. English The objective of this work is to analyse the effect of different finite element models on the ultimate strength assessment of plates and stiffened panels. The analysis is performed by the finite element method using commercial software, where the effect of element size and type, boundary conditions, shape of initial imperfection, thickness and net sectional configuration on the ultimate strength are evaluated. The ultimate strength estimated for four different finite element models and different structural configurations are compared to the solution defined by the new Common Structural Rules. Finite element method Stiffened plates Ultimate strength

approaches. The stress distributions at the notch surface of the weld toe are studies. Two hot spots are analysed at the weld toe located between the flat bar stiffener of a transverse web frame and the flange of a longitudinal stiffener at the side shell of a tanker ship hull. Damage Fatigue life Ship structures Tankers

2013092226 Strength of a tanker double bottom in various grounding scenarios. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 46, p 375 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Villavicencio, R., Amdahl, J., Guedes Soares, C. English The paper presents finite element simulations of a damaged tanker double bottom subjected to bending moment. An important issue is the influence of size and shape of the obstruction on the sea floor during minor grounding events. The initial damage is induced by rigid indenters at various locations and using different sea bottom topologies. The study found an important reduction in the ultimate capacity of the double bottom structure when the initial indention deforms stiff structural elements such as side girders, whereas more local damage procedures similar shortening response independently of the location or shape of the indenter. Bending moments Damage Double bottoms Groundings Tankers

2013092225 Fatigue damage assessment of a tanker structural detail based on the effective notch stress approach. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 45, p 363 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Nguyen, K.T., Garbatov, Y., Guedes Soares, C. English This work deals with a fatigue damage assessment of a double hull oil tanker structural detail based on a local structural finite element model. The waveinduced vertical and horizontal bending moments, as well as local pressure loads have been considered in the fatigue damage calculations. Stress analyses are performed based on hot spot and notch stress

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2013092227 Review of material relations for marine structures collision simulations. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 47, p 381 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Villavicencio, R., Guedes Soares, C. English This paper reviews mathematical expressions for the flow curve and the failure criteria, commonly used in collision simulations. Additionally, a procedure is summarized to conduct numerical simulations of tension tests, as a practical method to evaluate the materials relation and the critical failure strain of the elements. Moreover, representative simulations of marine structures under the action of impact loads are reviewed. In these references, the emphasis is put on the influence of the material relation and the failure criterion on the numerical predictions. Collision resistance Marine structures Stress strain relations

agreement is found between the finite elements simulations and the experimental results. The plastic response of the small-scale impact tests is used to predict the energy absorption of a typical full-scale ship bottom panel subjected to a minor grounding incident as a practical application of this work. Dynamic response Finite element method Impact tests Stiffeners

2013092229 Comparison of numerical results with experiments on ultimate strength of stocky stiffened panels. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 50, p 407 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Xu, M., Guedes Soares, C. English The ultimate strength of several stocky stiffened panels under axial compression load is calculated by finite element (FE) analyses, and then compared with experimental results. Three types of stiffeners with different steels are considered, including flat L and U stiffeners. They are made of mild or high tensile steel for bar stiffeners and mild steel for L and U stiffeners. To analyse the behaviour of the middle bays, avoiding the effect of the boundary conditions, three bays stiffened panel were used in the tests and in the FE analyses. The influences of the stiffeners geometry on the ultimate strength are investigated. Compression Finite element method Panels Stiffeners Ultimate strength

2013092228 Response of stiffeners with attached plate subjected to lateral impact. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 48, p 393 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Villavicencio, R., Liu, B., Guedes Soares, C. English The paper presents drop weight impact tests and finite element simulations examining the dynamic response of stiffeners with attached plate struck transversely by a mass. The influence of the impact velocity and the stiffener type is analysed using the forcedisplacement responses of the impacted specimens. The numerical simulations represent the stiffenerplate weld joint using shell and solid elements. Good

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2013092230 Reliability assessment of a plate subjected to randomly non-uniform corrosion and compressive load. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 55, p 451 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Silva, J.E., Garbatov, Y., Guedes Soares, C. English The objective of this work is to evaluate the reliability of a nonlinear time variant randomly non-uniform corroded rectangular plate subjected to compressive load. Based on the derived relationship of the ultimate strength assessment of a rectangular plate with surface geometries deteriorated by different degree of random corrosion, location and ages, FORM/SORM techniques are applied to assess the structural reliability accounting for the global ship hull deterioration. The structural system, composed by two different correlated events, is evaluated as a series system. Compression Corrosion Rectangular plates Structural reliability

numerical simulations were identified from a comparison of the engineering stress vs. strain curves obtained from experiments with simulated ones. The failure strain curves for various dimensionless critical energy levels were established in the average stress triaxiality domain and compared with the identified failure strain points. It was observed that most of the failure initiation points were approximated with a 100% dimensionless critical energy curve. It was concluded that the failure strains were well expressed as a function of the average stress triaxiality. Failure High strength steel Stresses Tensile tests

2013092232 Fatigue strength behaviour of stud-arc welded joints in load-carrying ship structures. Welding in the World, v 57 n 4, July 2013, pp 495506 http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40194-0130043-5 Fricke, W., Tchuindjang, D.D. English The application of stud-arc welding to cyclic loaded primary ship structures was investigated. Thereby M8- and M12 studs were welded on the bulb of Holland profiles using the drawn stud-arc welding with ceramic ferrules. Several fatigue tests were performed, varying the stiffener size, the stud diameter, its position on the bulb, the welding position, weld parameters, residual stress state and the static load in the stud. The obtained fatigue strength is above FAT 80 and only slightly affected by these factors. Hence, the investigated stud-arc welding can be applied at Holland profiles in primary ship structures, provided the quality criteria are met. In order to transfer the results to other geometries and load situations, the applicability of the effective notch stress approach was investigated. The corresponding finite element calculations using idealized weld shapes and a reference weld toe radius of 1 mm showed an insignificant influence of the weld geometry on the notch stress. The determined notch stresses for each test series was above the design S-N curve FAT 225 for the notch stress approach and

4.2 PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

2013092231 Formulation of failure strain according to average stress triaxiality of low temperature high strength steel (EH36). Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology, v 27 n 2, April 2013, p 19 [8 p, 18 ref, 3 tab, 8 fig] http://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/ArticleFullReco rd.jsp?cn=HOGHC7_2013_v27n2_19 Choung, J., Nam, W. Korean Stress triaxiality is recognized as one of the most important factors for predicting the failure strain of ductile metals. This study deals with the effect of the average stress triaxiality on the failure strain of a typical low-temperature high-strength marine structural steel, EH36. Tensile tests were carried out on flat specimens with different notches, from relatively smooth to very sharp levels. Numerical simulations of each specimen were performed by using ABAQUS. The failure initiation points in ABSTRACTS

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make it also applicable to stud-arc welding. Further computations were performed using the real weld profile and the stress-averaging approach by Neuber, showing similar results. Arc welding Fatigue strength Ship structures Stud welding Welded joints

2013092234 Numerical investigations to study the effect of weld parameters on the temperature-time history in steel plates. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 35, p 285 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Chen, B.Q., Adak, M., Guedes Soares, C. English Numerical investigations are carried out to study the effect of weld parameters on the temperature-time history in a butt-joint weld steel plate. A mathematical model of transient thermal process in welding is established to simulate the transient thermal analysis with moving heat source model (Gaussian function) by using finite element method. Results are compared to numerical and experimental results obtained from a previous study. Parametric studies based on numerical results are carried out for different weld parameters including welding speed, plate thickness, heat input, heat source type and finite element mesh. Butt welds Mathematical models Thermal analysis Welded joints

2013092233 Influence of boundary constraints on the residual stresses and deformations in a high strength steel plate after welding. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 31, p 253 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Adak, M., Guedes Soares, C. English The aim of this study is to investigate the influences on the residual stress field and deformations of three different boundary constraints during butt-joint welding in a high strength steel plate. The distortion of a welded plates is a nonlinear problem in geometry and material, therefore the finite element analysis conducted is based on the thermo-elastic-plastic and large deflection theory. High strength shipbuilding steel AH36 with temperature dependent material properties and nonlinear stress-strain materials properties (bilinear isotropic hardening option uses the von Mises yield criteria) are assumed for the numerical analysis. Three different boundary conditions are considered in this study. In case 1, end edge parallel to welding line is fixed, in case 2, edge along x-axis (top of the plate) is fixed and the edge parallel to x-axis (bottom of the plate) is fixed during welding. The results of the thermal analysis are compared with the ones obtained by another researcher. Boundary conditions Deformation High strength steel Residual stress Welded joints

2013092235 Mechanical properties assessment of specimens subjected to random non-uniform general corrosion and tensile load. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 36, p 293 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Chen, B.Q., Garbatov, Y., Guedes Soares, C. English The objective of this work is to analyse the strength and deformability of steel specimens subjected to random non-uniform general corrosion and tensile load. The real shape of corrosion surface has been generated by a probabilistic model of corrosion deterioration. Non-linear, large deformation and three-dimensional finite element analyses have been employed to analyse the mechanical properties of deteriorated specimens. The strength of corroded specimens is estimated as a function of the average ABSTRACTS

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corrosion depth and the minimum cross sectional area. The deformability and energy absorption of the corroded plates are estimated as a function of the surface roughness represented by the difference of averaged plate thickness and that at the section of minimum cross sectional area. Corrosion Deformation Mechanical properties Steel structures Tensile strength

2013092237 A new trigonometric shear deformation theory for sandwich and composite laminated plates. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 39, p 317 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Mantari, J.L., Oktem, A.S., Guedes Soares, C. English A new trigonometric shear deformation theory for sandwich and composite plates is developed. The proposed displacement field, which is m parameter dependent, is assessed by performing several computations of the plate governing equations. The theory accounts for adequate distribution of the transverse shear strains through the plate thickness and tangential stress-free boundary conditions on the plate boundary surface, thus a shear correction factor is not required. Plate governing equations and boundary conditions are derived by employing the principle of virtual work. The exact solutions for bending analysis are presented for sinusoidally and uniformly distributed loads. The accuracy of the theory is ascertained by comparing it with various available results in the literature. Composite materials Deformation Laminates Sandwich structures

2013092236 Fatigue damage assessment of stiffener-frame structure. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 37, p 301 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Huang, W., Garbatov, Y., Guedes Soares, C. English This paper presents a fatigue damage analysis of very complex stiffener frame structures. A threedimensional finite element model is generated and linear elastic finite element analysis is performed. Hot-spot stresses of a stiffener-frame structure are analysed applying 20-node solid elements using a commercial finite element code. Based on a FEM analysis, hot-spot stresses are determined and fatigue damage is quantified employing the S-N approach. Comparative analysis of fatigue damage for all hot spots is presented and the difference between numerical predictions is discussed. Damage Fatigue life Ship structures Stiffeners

2013092238 Layerwise finite element formulation for the analysis of laminates and sandwich panels. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 40, p 323 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Mantari, J.LO., Oktem, A.S., Guedes Soares, C. English A layerwise finite element formulation of a newly developed layerwise theory for the flexure of thick multi-layered panels is presented. The displacement model accounts for nonlinear and constant variation of in-plane and transverse displacement through the panel thickness. Reissner-Mindlin approach is used to model the faces of the sandwich structure. The displacement field for the core is modelled as quadratic function of the thickness coordinate. The

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three dimensional problem is reduced to the twodimensional one by through-thickness integration of the strain energy. The discrete element chosen is a four-nodded quadrilateral with nine-degrees-offreedom per node (when shear continuity is imposed). An example problem is provided for a well-known sandwich composite plate. The accuracy of the code is ascertained by comparing it with various available results in the literature. Finite element method Laminates Sandwich structures

4.3 CORROSION AND FOULING

2013092240 Corrosion of high tensile steel onboard bulk carrier loaded with coal of different origins. Ocean Engineering, v 69, 1 September 2013, pp 2433 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002 9801813002011 Hua, J., Cheng, C-W. English A sudden increase in bulk carrier losses in the early 1980s caused considerable alarm in the shipping industry. This paper presents corrosion rate models for the structural components of high tensile steel (HTS) and demonstrates corrosion as affected by various factors determining the microclimate in the holds. For specimens buried in coal from Australia and Indonesia, the difference in mass loss was similar and almost negligible. Average corrosion rates for all specimens under various stress levels vary nonlinearly over time, especially during the first 48 h. Regarding the corrosion rates of specimens; generally the corrosion rates of specimens under the same stress in Australian coal were slightly higher than those of specimens in Indonesian coal between 48 and 240 h. The corrosion levels for most HTS specimens did not correspond to the ranking of stress levels they suffered throughout the experiment. The mass loss for specimens in Indonesian and Australia coal under stress levels other than 95% was similar at 2 h and 96 h. The pattern of corrosion that has been observed for steel in sand and soil also occur for fine-particle coal in this investigation. The corrosion rates of HTS covered by both coals were highly dependent on the quantity of water contents. Bulk carriers Coal Corrosion High strength steel

2013092239 Numerical study of the effect of geometry and boundary conditions on the collapse behaviour of long stiffened panels. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 51, p 415 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Xu, M., Guedes Soares, C. English A finite element (FE) analysis is conducted of 120 configurations of stiffened panels with different boundary conditions to analyse the influences of the stiffeners geometry and boundary conditions on the ultimate strength of long stiffened panels under compression. The long stiffened panels with four types of stiffeners are made of mild or high tensile steel and have bar, L and U stiffeners. From the results of the FE analyses, it is concluded that two of the four models studied can produce adequate boundary conditions at the loaded edges longitudinally. The stiffened panels with different combinations of mechanical properties and geometric configurations are considered. The initial geometric imperfections affect the collapse behaviour of stiffened panels and are analysed in FE analyses. Collapse Panels Stiffeners Ultimate strength

786

ABSTRACTS

2013092241 Mollusc magnets. Shipping World & Shipbuilder, v 213 n 4293, July/August 2013, p 34 [2 p, 3 fig] http://www.imarest.org/GainKnowledge/OurMagazin es/ShippingWorldShipbuilder.aspx No author given English A recent study has linked ship generator noise with increased biofouling and found that the fouling of vessels by marine creatures is greatly increased by the underwater sounds generated by the vessels themselves. Biofouling Machinery noise Underwater acoustics

each case, the results obtained in turbulent condition are compared with previous study which had investigated the effect of marine parameters in laminar medium. Corrosion Marine environment

2013092243 Innovation predicting ballast tanks of new ships against corrosion; an IMO PSPC-compliant Portuguese-born new coating concept. MARTECH 2011, 1st International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering; 10-12 May; Lisbon, Portugal. Published by CRC Press, 2012; ISBN 978-0-415-62146-5. Chapter 32, p 261 http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/978041562146 5 Azevedo, J. English The new IMO Performance Standard for Protective Coatings (PSPC), mandatory since July 2008 for new ships, is described. An evaluation is made of the PSPC troublesome impact in coast and time needed for ballast tank and double-skin spaces coating application in new ships, if the new standard is applied strictly, using traditional coating technologies and application methods. But the menaces of strict application of the new PSPC can be avoided, thanks to the PSPC openness to innovation. This paper also reviews the IMO PSPC regulation to highlight the parts clearly encouraging innovation and offering opportunities for innovative products and methods to be used in order to save time and coats. A living proof of this possibility is presented, describing a solvent-free humidity tolerant epoxy coating system able to be applied over water jetting as surface preparation method in the block stage and over a zinc-free organic shop primer. Current PSPC type approvals and testing performance data of the innovative coating system are presented, together with hard-facts from application in real-life PSPC projects now running. A conclusion is made suggesting that IMO new standard can indeed be the tool for more effective corrosion protection without forgetting the need for shipyard efficiency. Anticorrosion coatings Ballast tanks Standards

2013092242 Simultaneous investigation of marine factors effect on corrosion rate of SS 304 in turbulent condition. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, v 22 n 7, July 2013, pp 2038-2047 http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11665-0130473-7 Atashin, S., Toloei, A.S., Pakishir, M. English Seawater is generally considered to be the most corrosive of the natural environments which threatens all the steel structures in their life time. The effect of environmental marine factors is extremely important in its corrosive behaviour. In this article, the influence of different marine parameters including pH, temperature, salinity and velocity is evaluated on the corrosion rate of SS 304 samples under turbulent condition. Since in actual marine environment, the entire parameters act simultaneously and as there is the possibility of differences between individual and synergistic influences of effecting factors, the influence of each considered parameter on the rate of corrosion has been studied under the combined effect of other factors. Finally, the results are presented via the graphs of dual factor effects which illustrate twoby-two influences of environmental parameters on corrosion rate variation. This research presents the difference between the qualitative and quantitative effects of a parameter under different ranges of considered parameter and also under the simultaneous effect of other combined acting factors, which emphasizes the importance of synergistic effects. In

ABSTRACTS

787

2013092244 Localised corrosion and Cathodic protection of 17 4PH propeller shafts. Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology, v 48 n 5, August 2013, pp 340-345 http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/maney/cest/2 013/00000048/00000005/art00005 Bellezze, T., Roventi, G., Fratesi, R. English Some 17 4PH propeller shafts showed severe localised corrosion after a long period of time in Ancona harbour. The shaft is concentrically mounted in an AISI 304 stern tube through two rubber bearings. Both 17 4PH and AISI 304 stainless steels were characterised by anodic polarisation in natural sea water, in order to obtain the necessary corrosion parameters for designing a suitable cathodic protection of the propeller system. The cathodic protection effectiveness was tested on a portion (about 1 m long) of this system. Two cathodic protection methods were tested: an impressed current cathodic protection at 03 V(SCE) and a galvanic cathodic protection. The tests were performed both in stagnant and in moving sea water and the results showed that these cathodic protection solutions were able to protect the propeller system; in particular some guidelines are suggested for both old and new ships. Cathodic protection Propeller shafts

limitations, inadequate or non-existent removal routes and other accessibility problems may result in expensive equipment overhaul and replacement procedures, invasive removal methods, longer maintenance availabilities and increased maintenance costs. This highlights the need for a better understanding of Life Cycle Cost (LCC) implications early in the ship design process and development of better tools to aid early stage design decision making. This paper explores a methodology that combines existing and proven techniques to rapidly generate and objectively compare valid ship compartment configurations in consideration of the effects on LCC. The proposed methodology utilises life cycle costing techniques and a genetic algorithm within a Multi Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) framework. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the methodology rather than provide a specific or defined solution. Cost estimates Layout Life cycle costs Naval vessels Ship design

2013092246 PWR-3: a new nuclear plant for the UKs Successor submarine. Warship Technology, January 2013, p 20 [3 p, 2 fig] http://www.rina.org.uk/wt.html No author given English In May 2012, the UK Ministry of Defence announced that the programme to build a Successor class of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine had passed its Initial Gate milestone, enabling the programme to transition into a five-year Assessment Phase. What was also confirmed was the decision to develop a new pressurised water reactor nuclear power plant, known as PWR-3, for the Successor submarine design. The new reactor will provide superior performance, reduced upkeep and maintenance, and a simpler and intrinsically safer design. Nuclear reactors Submarines

NAVAL VESSELS AND DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY

2013092245 Rapid generation and optimisation of ship compartment based on life cycle cost and operational effectiveness. International Cost Estimating & Analysis Association (ICEAA), Professional Development & Training Workshop; 18-21 June 2013; New Orleans, LA, US. https://www.iceaaonline.org/awards/papers/2013_Me thods_Models-2_paper.pdf Depetro, A., Hoey, R. English Decisions made in the early stages of ship design can have profound effects on the cost of the ship throughout its life. For example, poor compartment configuration or hull selection can result in hydrodynamic inefficiency and significantly increased energy consumption and fuel costs. Space 788

ABSTRACTS

2013092247 How to square the circle for the next generation of patrol ship designs. Warship 2013: Minor Warships, 12-13 June 2013; Bath, UK. Organised by RINA, London, UK. [14 p, 8 ref, 8 tab, 98 fig] http://portal.rina.org.uk/App/Products/frmDisplayPro duct.aspx?Product=6976 Kimber, A., Thorne, B. English BMT Defence Services developed the Venator concept in 2007 to investigate and illustrate the design of a platform which would deliver capability through the use of off-board systems and would allow a common class of platforms to individually embark different mission equipments. Since the original concept BMT has continued to evolve the concept and the underlying understanding of capability. This paper presents aspects of this further work, including the use of capability mapping and characterisation methods to better understand the required operational performance and a balanced affordable design. It explores the inter-relationship between capability characteristics and the platforms design parameters. It also examines design orientated issues such as the integration of off-board vehicles into future minor warships, appropriate levels of survivability, and pragmatic levels of modularity that can be achieved in future designs. The paper uses the most recent evolution of the Venator design to explore these themes, illustrating the aspirations for a future Patrol Frigate and the constraints faced by the naval architect in delivering practical and cost effective solutions. A particular theme of the design development is the exploration of flexibility and what can be achieved within a design and how such flexibility can be managed through the capability mapping and characterisation methods. Frigates Naval vessels Patrol craft Ship design

2013092248 Analysis on the innovation in the overall submarine designs. Chinese Journal of Ship Research, v 8 n 1, 2013 http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotalJCZG201301002.htm Ma, Y. Chinese In this paper, the overall engineering design, the submarine general design, and the basic connotation of the submarine design theory are explained successively and systematically. Also, the detailed research and development process of submarines, both domestically and abroad, is presented, with the conclusion being that the innovation in the general design philosophy is the key motivation behind the advancement of submarine technologies. Finally, this paper gives out twelve suggestions to keep constant in novation in the general design of submarines, which include adapting to the changes, innovation in the design concepts, integrating optimisation, stealthorientation, customer focus, quality consciousness, etc. Ship design Submarines

MISCELLANEOUS

2013092249 Assessment of investment risk in Greek short sea shipping: a ro-ro passenger ferry case. Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering, v 2 n 1, January 2012, p 36 [9 p, 13 ref, 1 tab, 10 fig] http://davidpublishing.org/show.html?4136 Lyridis, D.V., Zachariodakis, P.G. English The purpose of this paper is to introduce an innovative methodology in shipping investment evaluation based on simulation of a project cash flow. It concerns a complementary approach to current practices and its aim is to provide more information mainly to ship-owners that consider the feasibility of deploying Ro-Ro Passenger ferries. The paper examines a typical semi-conventional RoPax ferry operating in the Aegean Sea. It addresses important economic, operational and procedural issues concerning risk evaluation. The current status is that risk is a notion still strange to main stakeholders. The Greek practice in performing a feasibility study for a project draws on investors experience and feeling aided by a preliminary economic study. The main 789

ABSTRACTS

thesis of this paper is that there are alternative techniques to evaluate investment risk and measure profitability of a project. A Monte Carlo simulation in collaboration with a typical Ro-Ro cash-flow model is implemented to reveal the extent of risk and provide a useful tool for the assessment of future investments in Greek Short Sea Shipping. Investment Risk analysis Ro/ro ships Short sea vessels

2013092250 Delphi-based planning approach in the maritime transport chain. Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering, v 2 n 3, March 2012, p 175 [7 p, 16 ref, 2 tab, 3 fig] http://davidpublishing.org/show.html?5718 Elbert, R., Walter, F., Grig, R. English The objective of this paper is to illustrate behavioural aspects and a collaborative Delphi-based planning approach in the maritime transport chain. Therefore, this paper analyses changes in behavioural routines and governance structures in the maritime transport chain using a case study that depicts mutual projections of expected container trans-shipment moderated by a neutral third for reducing the uncertainty in planning within the whole maritime transport chain. The actors different views on container transport are collected and directly confronted to an expert panel showing bounded rationality and thus asymmetric information can be circumvented. The planning approach shows how actors different internal planning can be improved and evident to the market. The whole maritime transport chain expects the future development in container transport which can be given by using collaborative Delphi-based planning. As a result, an overall picture for planning issues can be constituted, improving both individual planning of the actors and expected market growth. Forecasting Marine transportation Planning

790

ABSTRACTS

Author Name Adak, M. Adamchak, F. Adede, A. Ahilan, R.V. Ahn, K. Akinturk, A. Alarcin, F. Alfredsson, P.H Amdahl, J. Anto, P. Antunes, P. Atashin, S. Atlar, M. Azevedo, J. Badoe, C. Bae, S.Y. Bagbanci, H.

Abstract No. 2013092233 2013092234 2013092041 2013092041 2013092056 2013092097 2013092136 2013092163 2013092058 2013092226 2013092091 2013092092 2013092021 2013092242 2013092137 2013092157 2013092243 2013092152 2013092202 2013092069 2013092198 2013092210 2013092037 2013092212 2013092182 2013092120 2013092191 2013092198 2013092054 2013092244 2013092049 2013092120 2013092094 2013092119 2013092056 2013092209 2013092066 2013092074 2013092123 2013092170 2013092186 2013092046 2013092061 2013092102 2013092062 2013092103 2013092143 2013092138 2013092183 2013092160 2013092133 2013092144 2013092155 2013092125 Brouwer, J. Buescher, F.J. Bugalskil, T. Burakovskiy, E.P. Burmeister, H.-C. Cmara Ruas, J. da Campo, J.J. Campos, R.M. Capurso, V. Carichas, E. Castel, J-F. Chang, S-p. Chen, B.Q. Chen, C. Cheng, C-W. Chicherin, I. Chin, S-S. Chlomoudis, C.I. Choi, D-H. Choi, J-K. Choi, W. Choi, Y.M. Choung, J. Chung, H. Clucas, C. Coraddu, A. Daduna, J.R. Dagkinis, I.K. Dang, J. Datta, R. Davidson, G. Dec, A. Delafin, P-L. Deniset, F. Depetro, A. Dias, F. Dong, G. Dong, L-l. Doubrovsky, M. Druckenbrod, M. Dubbioso, G. Durante, D. Dworak, P. Dymarski, P. Edens, J. Ekinci, S. El Kalla, M.M.A. El Moctar, O. El Shamy, R.F.H. Elbert, R. Elosta, H. 2013092138 2013092194 2013092121 2013092100 2013092088 2013092020 2013092194 2013092118 2013092112 2013092073 2013092043 2013092132 2013092234 2013092235 2013092060 2013092240 2013092203 2013092145 2013092050 2013092075 2013092141 2013092065 2013092192 2013092231 2013092032 2013092115 2013092156 2013092114 2013092034 2013092142 2013092164 2013092035 2013092104 2013092117 2013092117 2013092245 2013092064 2013092057 2013092213 2013092054 2013092015 2013092122 2013092153 2013092156 2013092153 2013092160 2013092154 2013092027 2013092163 2013092052 2013092158 2013092052 2013092250 2013092059 A-1

Baik, S. Bandringa, H. Bardazzi, A. Bark, G. Bai, J. Baykut, N. Belakrouf, A. Bellezze, T. Benito, A. Bensow, R.E. Berg, H.P. Bernardino, M. Bertram, V. Bettencourt, J.H. Bhattacharjee, J. Binns, J. Binns, J.R. Blake, J. Blanchat, T. Boccotti, P. Boisseau, O. Bose, N.

Bosman, R. Boutanios, Z. Brasel, M. Brizzolara, S.

Bronsart, R. AUTHOR INDEX

Fadeev, Yu. P. Feng, B. Ferrando, M. Ferrieri, J.M. Filip, G.P. Fonseca, N.

Foresta, M. Frangopol, D.M. Fratesi, R. Fricke, W. Fusillo, M. Gabi, S. Gaggero, S. Gao, J. Garbatov, Y.

Gattoronchieri, A. Geng, B. Giacosa, A. Girtler, J. Gomes Antunes, J.M. Gonalves, M. Gopakumar, N. Grassi, C. Grassi, D. Greitsch, L.

Grenestedt, J.L. Greve, M. Grig, R. Gu, X-k. Guan, G. Gucma, L. Guedes Soares, C.

2013092047 2013092031 2013092112 2013092136 2013092184 2013092067 2013092165 2013092166 2013092209 2013092211 2013092104 2013092214 2013092244 2013092232 2013092107 2013092054 2013092144 2013092057 2013092221 2013092224 2013092225 2013092230 2013092235 2013092236 2013092155 2013092173 2013092042 2013092080 2013092038 2013092068 2013092157 2013092211 2013092144 2013092015 2013092122 2013092128 2013092146 2013092171 2013092128 2013092250 2013092218 2013092029 2013092082 2013092066 2013092068 2013092069 2013092071 2013092074 2013092090 2013092091 2013092108 2013092109 2013092118 2013092119 2013092164 2013092165

Guedes Soares, C.

Gulez, K. Haase, M. Hagesteijn, G. Hmlinen, R. Han, J-M. Harris, D. Hartig, K. Hassan, J. Heerd, J. van Herath, M.T. Hightower, M. Hoey, R. Hpken, J. Hsin, C-Y. Hua, J. Huang, S. Huang, W. Huang, Y. Hudson, D. Hudson, D.A. Hunke, K. Hutchison, S. Hwang, S-C. Hyun, B-S. Im, N. Incecik, A.

2013092166 2013092167 2013092168 2013092177 2013092197 2013092199 2013092209 2013092210 2013092219 2013092220 2013092221 2013092223 2013092224 2013092225 2013092226 2013092227 2013092228 2013092229 2013092230 2013092233 2013092234 2013092235 2013092236 2013092237 2013092238 2013092239 2013092163 2013092123 2013092138 2013092139 2013092201 2013092110 2013092125 2013092085 2013092139 2013092193 2013092046 2013092095 2013092245 2013092158 2013092145 2013092240 2013092059 2013092178 2013092236 2013092213 2013092131 2013092124 2013092114 2013092140 2013092195 2013092196 2013092075 2013092079 2013092012 2013092059 AUTHOR INDEX

A-2

Inukai, Y. Ishikura, A. Jabtanom, P. Jahn, C. James, M.C. Jeon, Y-J. Jeong, S-M. Jia, L-h. Jian, Z. Johansson, M. Jun, Z. Kallaby, J. Kaneko, F. Kang, D. Karmakar, D. Kawanami, Y. Kellett, P. Kim, D.K. Kim, E.K. Kim, H-C. Kim, H-T. Kim, K. Kim, S-E. Kim, Y. Kim, Y-H. Kimber, A. Kleinsorge, L. Koo, B. Kornev, N. Korulla, M. Kostagiolas, P.A. Krieg, M. Krger, C. Kulczyk, J. Kvilums, C. Kwon, S.H. Kwon, Y. cki, M. Lamas, M.I. Lampreia, S.S. Lan, C-Y. Lazarowska, A. Leaper, R. Lee, D-Y. Lee, J. Lee, J-H. Lee, S-H. Lee, S-J. Lee, T-K. Leriche, J. Li, L. Li, W. AUTHOR INDEX

2013092147 2013092106 2013092023 2013092088 2013092124 2013092216 2013092195 2013092217 2013092033 2013092185 2013092204 2013092194 2013092099 2013092162 2013092069 2013092210 2013092013 2013092012 2013092086 2013092079 2013092018 2013092141 2013092076 2013092184 2013092206 2013092180 2013092247 2013092125 2013092162 2013092126 2013092129 2013092151 2013092050 2013092135 2013092126 2013092113 2013092024 2013092025 2013092192 2013092037 2013092081 2013092039 2013092048 2013092205 2013092101 2013092102 2013092179 2013092162 2013092207 2013092201 2013092207 2013092179 2013092216 2013092043 2013092186 2013092148

Li, Z-x. Liang, S-J. Liefvendahl, M. Lilas, T.E. Lin, F. Lisowski, J. Liu, B. Liu, P. Liu, R. Lobo, V. Lopez, C. Lopez Pieiro, A. Lcke, T. Lugni, C. Lundh, M. Luo, H.

Ltzhft, M. Lyridis, D.V. Ma, S.J. Ma, Y. Maki, K.J. Malekizade, H. Malta, E.B. Mansbridge, J.R. Mantari, J.L. Mantari, J.LO. Marcel, J.-P. Marcjan, K. Martins, P.T. Martins, R.F. Maslin, E. Mattheijssens, J. McCarten, S.

Mikalsen, R. Minchev, A. Mitra, S. Mohseni, K. Monarcha, A. Moradi, M. Moreira, L. Morrow, C. Moura, A. Musharraf, M. Nam, J-H. Nam, J.-W. Nam, W. Natacci, F.B. Nazarov, A. Nechaev, Yu. I. Nguyen, K.T.

2013092014 2013092205 2013092185 2013092034 2013092172 2013092077 2013092220 2013092228 2013092062 2013092142 2013092105 2013092095 2013092096 2013092070 2013092134 2013092182 2013092111 2013092197 2013092199 2013092223 2013092111 2013092249 2013092169 2013092248 2013092184 2013092161 2013092019 2013092170 2013092237 2013092238 2013092127 2013092082 2013092105 2013092222 2013092063 2013092127 2013092024 2013092025 2013092027 2013092038 2013092016 2013092200 2013092135 2013092067 2013092161 2013092219 2013092046 2013092105 2013092085 2013092116 2013092098 2013092231 2013092092 2013092023 2013092100 2013092225 A-3

Nogueira, M.C. Nuez Rivas, L.R. Oktem, A.S. Olsen, G. Ottens, H. Ouchi, K. Pao, A. Pakhomov, A.N. Pakishir, M. Pallis, P.L. Park, H-G. Park, I. Park, J.C.

Park, S. Park, S.W. Parunov, J. Pawowski, M. Pedersen, P.T. Perara, L.P. Peri, M. Petrunin, V.V. Petti, J. Pfannenschmidt, R. Pham, T.D. Phillips, A. Pistidda, A. Porathe, T. Pouw, C. Prause, G. Prusty, B.G. Pustoshny, A. Queirs, J. Rabinal, C. Rajendran, S. Rao, S.K. Rao, Z-Q. Ren, H-l. Rensilson, M. Renzi, E. Rhee, K-P. Rhee, S.H. Rho, Y-H. Ribeiro e Silva, S. Rim, C-W., Robbins, A. Roberts, T. Rodrigues, J.M. Rodriguez, C.G. Roskilly, A.P. Roventi, G. A-4

2013092019 2013092070 2013092237 2013092238 2013092042 2013092188 2013092208 2013092165 2013092045 2013092242 2013092050 2013092141 2013092116 2013092098 2013092195 2013092196 2013092190 2013092190 2013092191 2013092093 2013092086 2013092090 2013092109 2013092159 2013092047 2013092095 2013092096 2013092128 2013092176 2013092152 2013092188 2013092111 2013092142 2013092114 2013092193 2013092203 2013092119 2013092049 2013092166 2013092181 2013092148 2013092217 2013092102 2013092064 2013092097 2013092190 2013092076 2013092167 2013092216 2013092150 2013092035 2013092090 2013092164 2013092039 2013092038 2013092244

Rusu, E. Saad-Eldeen, S. Sakamoto, N. Salama, A.Z.A.E. Sampson, R. Sanghani, A. Santana, N. Santos, M.S. Santos, T.A. Sarker, Md. A. Sasa, K. Sasaki, N. Sato, K. Saydam, D. Scharf, M. Schmidt, M. Schnack, S. Schreck, E. Segal, A. Segal, Z. Segalini, A. Semolinos, P. Seo, K-C. Sha, O.P. Shan, T-b. Shevchuk, I. Shigunov, V. Shin, H. Shin, S. Shiotani, S. Silva, C.A. Silva, J.E. Skramstad, E. Skupie, E. Sleigh, A. Sding, H. Steen, S. timac, G. Streckwell, H. Sugita, K. Sung, H-G. Sutulo, S. Suzuki, K. Szantyr, J.A. Tan, M. Tang, W. Tawfik, M.A.E. Tchuindjang, D.D. Tekgoz, M. Tello, M. Teng, B. Thatcher, K.C. Thomas, G. Thorne, B.

2013092068 2013092071 2013092221 2013092013 2013092053 2013092137 2013092140 2013092072 2013092222 2013092073 2013092051 2013092060 2013092017 2013092032 2013092214 2013092146 2013092016 2013092016 2013092159 2013092174 2013092174 2013092058 2013092042 2013092157 2013092151 2013092187 2013092129 2013092130 2013092176 2013092202 2013092060 2013092108 2013092230 2013092044 2013092113 2013092051 2013092130 2013092140 2013092223 2013092146 2013092106 2013092180 2013092168 2013092149 2013092121 2013092186 2013092215 2013092053 2013092232 2013092224 2013092074 2013092167 2013092173 2013092028 2013092150 2013092247 AUTHOR INDEX

Tian, Z. Tinsley, D. Toloei, A.S. Tsai, C-H. Turan, O. Turnock, S.R.

Uto, S. Uzawa, K. Vairinhos, V. Valente, J.A. Vant Veer, R. Varela, J.M. Veitch, B. Ventura, M. Verheijden, R. Verstappen, R. Vijayakumar, R. Villavicencio, R.

Viviani, M. Voskamp, A. Wakeford, J. Walter, F. Wan, Z-q. Wang, C-z. Wang, K. Wang, S. Wang, Y-s. Winden, B. Woejsza, P. Wu, Y-s. Xiao, H. Xu, M. Xue, H. Yamada, Y. Yan, X-p. Yang, C-J. Yang, J-m. Yang, P. Ye, Y-l. Yokota, T. You, Y. Young, Y.L. Yu, Y. Zachariodakis, P.G. Zalewski, P. Zhai, S. Zhang, J. Zhang, P. AUTHOR INDEX

2013092065 2013092036 2013092242 2013092205 2013092012 2013092124 2013092131 2013092152 2013092013 2013092208 2013092048 2013092021 2013092183 2013092022 2013092136 2013092020 2013092022 2013092026 2013092212 2013092181 2013092226 2013092227 2013092228 2013092155 2013092082 2013092103 2013092250 2013092083 2013092200 2013092175 2013092215 2013092177 2013092199 2013092132 2013092131 2013092078 2013092189 2013092178 2013092229 2013092239 2013092215 2013092099 2013092014 2013092148 2013092187 2013092218 2013092189 2013092149 2013092097 2013092133 2013092030 2013092249 2013092089 2013092204 2013092083 2013092087

Zhou, M.G. Zhou, X. Zrcher, K. Zverev, D.L.

2013092169 2013092168 2013092143 2013092045

A-5

Ship/Structure Name Chome F D Untouchable Gladiator Hoogvliet Island Crown Macleod Neopetro 20 Royal Princess RS Idan Ulstein Topaz Dignity Topaz Triumph

Abstract No. 2013092011 2013092002 2013092008 2013092010 2013092004 2013092006 2013092009 2013092003 2013092005 2013092007 2013092007

SHIP AND STRUCTURE NAME INDEX

S-1

Keyword Acceleration Adaptive control Added mass

Abstract No. 2013092171 2013092161 2013092140 2013092191 2013092192 2013092130 2013092207 2013092208 2013092209 2013092211 2013092049 2013092041 2013092042 2013092044 2013092007 2013092243 2013092139 2013092232 2013092116 2013092162 2013092185 2013092243 2013092203 2013092219 2013092226 2013092091 2013092174 2013092183 2013092241 2013092071 2013092138 2013092233 2013092175 2013092191 2013092177 2013092065 2013092051 2013092016 2013092240 2013092234 2013092018 2013092084 2013092071 2013092023 2013092025 2013092123 2013092143 2013092157 2013092170 2013092100 2013092244 2013092133 2013092142 2013092134 Cavitation tests Coal Coastal engineering Cognition Collapse Collision avoidance Collision avoidance manoeuvres Collision resistance Collision risk 2013092137 2013092240 2013092054 2013092110 2013092239 2013092087 2013092097 2013092227 2013092083 2013092088 2013092097 2013092118 2013092193 2013092237 2013092019 2013092229 2013092230 2013092213 2013092012 2013092039 2013092056 2013092075 2013092120 2013092124 2013092125 2013092127 2013092131 2013092132 2013092148 2013092152 2013092153 2013092155 2013092169 2013092183 2013092184 2013092185 2013092188 2013092190 2013092198 2013092207 2013092048 2013092104 2013092050 2013092052 2013092086 2013092108 2013092160 2013092166 2013092206 2013092109 2013092077 2013092100 2013092156 2013092160 K-1

Added resistance in waves Aerodynamics

Ageing Alternative fuels

Comparison Composite materials Compressed natural gas Compression Computation Computational fluid dynamics

Anchor handling vessels Anticorrosion coatings Appendage resistance Arc welding Arctic regions Autopilots Axisymmetric bodies Ballast tanks Banks (waterways) Bending moments Berthing Bilge keels Biofouling Black Sea Blade loading Boundary conditions Boundary element method Bows Breaking waves Breakwaters Bulk carriers Butt welds Calculus of variations Carbon dioxide Caspian sea Catamarans

Condition monitoring Conditions Container terminals Containerships

Catastrophe theory Cathodic protection Cavitation Cavitation inception KEYWORD INDEX

Containment systems Control Control systems

Controllable pitch propellers Corrosion

Cost benefit analysis Cost estimates Course keeping Crew transfer Cruise ships

Cylindrical bodies

Damage

Damping factor Databases Decision making Decision support systems

Deepwater Deformation

Degradation Design Design criteria Design loads Diesel electric propulsions Diesel engines Double bottoms Drag Drag coefficients Drift forces Ducted propellers

Dynamic analysis Dynamic response Economic impact Eddy currents Electric generators K-2

2013092163 2013092230 2013092235 2013092240 2013092242 2013092099 2013092245 2013092160 2013092162 2013092073 2013092003 2013092027 2013092139 2013092178 2013092179 2013092184 2013092186 2013092200 2013092095 2013092096 2013092104 2013092225 2013092226 2013092236 2013092192 2013092158 2013092080 2013092078 2013092090 2013092101 2013092070 2013092014 2013092233 2013092235 2013092237 2013092214 2013092144 2013092013 2013092069 2013092172 2013092043 2013092039 2013092226 2013092174 2013092141 2013092134 2013092152 2013092140 2013092148 2013092149 2013092167 2013092059 2013092228 2013092053 2013092194 2013092070

Emergencies Emissions Energy conservation

Engine conversion Engine descriptions Engine maintenance Environmental conditions Environmental loads Environmental protection Ergonomics Error analysis Evaluation Experimentation Explosions Failure Fatigue life

Fatigue strength Ferries Fin stabilizers Finite element method

Fins Fire extinguishing systems Fishing vessels

Flare (shape) Flat plates Fleet planning Floating production systems Floating structures

2013092085 2013092039 2013092016 2013092017 2013092024 2013092025 2013092029 2013092032 2013092112 2013092139 2013092147 2013092038 2013092036 2013092043 2013092048 2013092069 2013092076 2013092099 2013092023 2013092128 2013092053 2013092223 2013092181 2013092063 2013092231 2013092213 2013092215 2013092218 2013092225 2013092236 2013092232 2013092035 2013092155 2013092161 2013092181 2013092191 2013092199 2013092200 2013092205 2013092221 2013092224 2013092228 2013092229 2013092238 2013092147 2013092084 2013092090 2013092103 2013092164 2013092167 2013092177 2013092181 2013092108 2013092063 2013092154 2013092176 KEYWORD INDEX

Floating structures Flooding Flow visualization Fluid structure interaction

Forecasting Fourier analysis FPSOs Freak waves Free surfaces Frequency domain method Frigates Fuel conservation Fuel consumption Fuzzy systems Gas carriers Girders Green function Groundings

Harbour oscillations Harmonic oscillation Hazardous material spills Heaving High speed vessels

High strength steel

Hull damage Hull form

Hull propeller interaction Hull strength Hull stress Human factors

2013092210 2013092093 2013092149 2013092064 2013092186 2013092188 2013092190 2013092193 2013092196 2013092198 2013092205 2013092250 2013092201 2013092055 2013092076 2013092166 2013092202 2013092179 2013092247 2013092102 2013092103 2013092113 2013092089 2013092019 2013092221 2013092175 2013092086 2013092089 2013092226 2013092057 2013092179 2013092092 2013092127 2013092179 2013092035 2013092123 2013092157 2013092171 2013092222 2013092231 2013092233 2013092240 2013092214 2013092014 2013092017 2013092018 2013092019 2013092022 2013092029 2013092030 2013092031 2013092158 2013092220 2013092217 2013092085 2013092094

Hydrodynamic forces Hydrodynamic loads Hydroelasticity

Hydrofoil craft Hydrofoils

Ice control Ice loads Ice models Iceberg ramming Icebreakers Icebreaking tugs Impact loads Impact tests Inclined shafts Inland waterways vessels Installing Insulation Integrated shipboard systems Integrated systems Interactions

Intermodal transportation International Maritime Organization Investment Laminates Landing craft Layout Least squares method Life cycle costs Lift Lifting line theory Lifting surfaces Linearity Liner conferences Liner shipping Lines fairing Liquefied natural gas

Literature reviews LNG carriers

2013092117 2013092172 2013092182 2013092189 2013092197 2013092202 2013092151 2013092117 2013092127 2013092133 2013092204 2013092136 2013092216 2013092116 2013092083 2013092216 2013092001 2013092195 2013092138 2013092228 2013092145 2013092113 2013092055 2013092046 2013092040 2013092073 2013092148 2013092168 2013092203 2013092114 2013092093 2013092099 2013092249 2013092237 2013092238 2013092009 2013092245 2013092205 2013092245 2013092151 2013092174 2013092144 2013092144 2013092172 2013092107 2013092107 2013092030 2013092035 2013092041 2013092042 2013092044 2013092049 2013092210 2013092032 2013092040 2013092043 K-3

KEYWORD INDEX

LNG carriers

LNG spills LNG tanks LNG transportation Machinery noise Manning Manoeuvrability Manoeuvring

Marine accidents Marine environment Marine structures Marine transportation Market analysis Mathematical models Measurement Mechanical properties Medium speed diesels Modal analysis Model tests

Moonpools Moored structures Moored vessels

Mooring lines Motion

Motor yachts Motors Multifuel engines

Multiphase flow Multipurpose cargo ships Naval vessels Navigation Navigational aids K-4

2013092046 2013092091 2013092092 2013092095 2013092096 2013092115 2013092095 2013092046 2013092206 2013092049 2013092241 2013092115 2013092156 2013092158 2013092091 2013092106 2013092162 2013092163 2013092170 2013092086 2013092242 2013092227 2013092250 2013092107 2013092234 2013092138 2013092235 2013092036 2013092223 2013092051 2013092143 2013092166 2013092176 2013092197 2013092204 2013092188 2013092154 2013092087 2013092088 2013092165 2013092063 2013092175 2013092176 2013092180 2013092026 2013092198 2013092037 2013092038 2013092040 2013092043 2013092195 2013092010 2013092245 2013092247 2013092060 2013092079

Navigational safety Navigational systems Neural networks Noise Noise predictions Noise reduction Nonlinearity Nuclear icebreakers Nuclear reactors Nuclear ship safety Numerical analysis

Numerical models

Ocean currents

Ocean energy Ocean waves Oceanographic data Offshore Offshore engineering Offshore platforms

Offshore service vessels Offshore structures Oil leakage Oil recovery vessels Oil spills Optimisation

Panels

2013092081 2013092078 2013092101 2013092163 2013092219 2013092189 2013092012 2013092102 2013092109 2013092172 2013092047 2013092045 2013092246 2013092047 2013092060 2013092098 2013092129 2013092130 2013092140 2013092159 2013092196 2013092212 2013092223 2013092051 2013092068 2013092128 2013092154 2013092178 2013092187 2013092070 2013092081 2013092205 2013092062 2013092060 2013092118 2013092085 2013092056 2013092033 2013092072 2013092194 2013092002 2013092004 2013092069 2013092098 2013092021 2013092099 2013092015 2013092020 2013092029 2013092031 2013092101 2013092105 2013092122 2013092207 2013092229 2013092239 KEYWORD INDEX

Passage planning Passing vessels Passive systems Patrol craft Pipelaying vessels Pitching Planning Platform design Platform motions Pleasure craft Pods

Port facilities Port investment Port performance Port planning and development Port safety Port security Probability Propeller blades Propeller cavitation Propeller efficiency

Propeller flow Propeller forces Propeller hubs Propeller ice interaction Propeller models Propeller noise Propeller races Propeller rudder interaction Propeller shafts Propellers Propulsion devices Propulsion systems Propulsive efficiency

2013092108 2013092116 2013092082 2013092024 2013092247 2013092172 2013092127 2013092250 2013092033 2013092173 2013092025 2013092017 2013092136 2013092137 2013092141 2013092054 2013092053 2013092052 2013092051 2013092050 2013092050 2013092061 2013092083 2013092149 2013092120 2013092201 2013092122 2013092124 2013092134 2013092140 2013092141 2013092145 2013092146 2013092147 2013092128 2013092158 2013092122 2013092144 2013092137 2013092138 2013092121 2013092201 2013092125 2013092136 2013092152 2013092244 2013092126 2013092193 2013092124 2013092014 2013092113 2013092015 2013092043 2013092134 2013092135 2013092139

Propulsive efficiency Propulsive performance Protection Ratios Recommendations Rectangular bodies Rectangular plates Regulations Rescue vessels Residual stress Resistance

Resonant frequency Restricted waters

Reviews Rigidity Risers

Risk analysis

Risk management Ro/ro ships Roll stabilizers Rolling

Rotation Rotors Routes Rudders

Rules of the road Safety

Sailing vessels

2013092142 2013092157 2013092132 2013092054 2013092097 2013092044 2013092180 2013092230 2013092093 2013092005 2013092233 2013092031 2013092123 2013092125 2013092179 2013092081 2013092082 2013092089 2013092168 2013092169 2013092103 2013092211 2013092059 2013092076 2013092213 2013092215 2013092050 2013092085 2013092088 2013092089 2013092091 2013092092 2013092104 2013092249 2013092095 2013092249 2013092174 2013092074 2013092161 2013092174 2013092180 2013092192 2013092149 2013092148 2013092116 2013092015 2013092017 2013092134 2013092162 2013092169 2013092087 2013092080 2013092086 2013092090 2013092094 2013092170 K-5

KEYWORD INDEX

Sailing vessels Sails Sandwich structures Scale effect Sea state Sea trials Seabed Seakeeping Self propulsion Semisubmersibles

Service life Shaft alignment Shallow water Ship collisions Ship decks Ship design

Ship management Ship motions

Ship operation Ship routing Ship structures

Ship survivability Ship waves Shipboard management information systems Shipboard reactors

2013092208 2013092211 2013092209 2013092237 2013092238 2013092121 2013092146 2013092061 2013092079 2013092215 2013092166 2013092167 2013092143 2013092072 2013092175 2013092187 2013092218 2013092047 2013092014 2013092068 2013092129 2013092077 2013092223 2013092015 2013092016 2013092018 2013092020 2013092021 2013092022 2013092023 2013092024 2013092025 2013092026 2013092027 2013092028 2013092032 2013092245 2013092247 2013092248 2013092111 2013092159 2013092164 2013092165 2013092219 2013092110 2013092104 2013092105 2013092225 2013092232 2013092236 2013092093 2013092203 2013092111 2013092045 2013092047

Shiphandling Shipping companies Shipyards Short sea vessels

Signal processing Skegs Slamming

Sloshing

Small craft Soil structure interaction Solitary waves Special vessels Speed reduction Stability Standards Stators Steel structures Steering systems Stern form Stiffened plates Stiffeners

Stowage Strength Stress strain relations Stresses Structural analysis Structural monitoring Structural reliability Structural response Stud welding Submarines Superconductive electric propulsion Surface piercing SWATH ships Tank punctures Tankers

2013092081 2013092107 2013092034 2013092105 2013092114 2013092249 2013092150 2013092201 2013092013 2013092177 2013092188 2013092197 2013092199 2013092180 2013092182 2013092195 2013092206 2013092171 2013092059 2013092178 2013092023 2013092112 2013092028 2013092106 2013092243 2013092148 2013092235 2013092109 2013092013 2013092224 2013092228 2013092229 2013092236 2013092239 2013092105 2013092206 2013092227 2013092231 2013092032 2013092217 2013092214 2013092230 2013092216 2013092222 2013092232 2013092246 2013092248 2013092037 2013092133 2013092184 2013092073 2013092189 2013092098 2013092165 2013092225 2013092226

K-6

KEYWORD INDEX

Tanks Tensile strength Tensile tests Tension Thermal analysis Tidal currents Tidal power

Time domain Tip vortices Torsion Trailing edges Training Transition flow Trim Tugs

Turbines

Turbulent flow

Turning circles Turning manoeuvres Turret mooring systems Twin screws Ultimate strength

Uncertainty Underwater Underwater acoustics

Underwater vehicles Unsteady state Ventilated hydrofoils Ventilation Versatility Vessel descriptions

2013092182 2013092195 2013092235 2013092231 2013092076 2013092096 2013092234 2013092060 2013092062 2013092075 2013092190 2013092166 2013092126 2013092201 2013092220 2013092204 2013092115 2013092117 2013092157 2013092006 2013092007 2013092008 2013092011 2013092106 2013092062 2013092075 2013092190 2013092185 2013092204 2013092212 2013092153 2013092153 2013092055 2013092156 2013092220 2013092221 2013092224 2013092229 2013092239 2013092218 2013092181 2013092012 2013092102 2013092241 2013092135 2013092135 2013092151 2013092133 2013092072 2013092001 2013092002 2013092003 2013092004 2013092005 2013092006 2013092007

Vessel descriptions

Vessel traffic Vibration

Viscous damping Viscous flow Visual aids Vortex shedding Vortices Voyage time Wakes

Wall effects Water depth Water entry

Water tunnel tests Water waves Waterjets

Wave climate Wave current interaction Wave data Wave energy Wave energy conversion

Wave forces Wave forces on ships Wave forces on structures Wave groups Wave height Wave loads Wave loads on ships Wave models Wave propagation Wave radiation Wave runup Wedges

2013092008 2013092009 2013092010 2013092011 2013092082 2013092189 2013092191 2013092194 2013092173 2013092123 2013092169 2013092079 2013092183 2013092058 2013092112 2013092058 2013092129 2013092150 2013092168 2013092169 2013092067 2013092177 2013092188 2013092197 2013092199 2013092202 2013092183 2013092065 2013092132 2013092142 2013092143 2013092119 2013092178 2013092118 2013092119 2013092064 2013092071 2013092034 2013092064 2013092066 2013092067 2013092074 2013092162 2013092131 2013092175 2013092057 2013092065 2013092061 2013092186 2013092218 2013092119 2013092068 2013092051 2013092200 2013092187 2013092199 K-7

KEYWORD INDEX

Welded joints

Wigley models Wind Wind conditions Wind forces Wind propulsion Wind tunnel tests Wind turbines

Wing in ground effect craft Wings

2013092202 2013092232 2013092233 2013092234 2013092131 2013092060 2013092118 2013092081 2013092065 2013092208 2013092124 2013092209 2013092034 2013092058 2013092069 2013092073 2013092176 2013092210 2013092207 2013092208 2013092209

K-8

KEYWORD INDEX