Practical recommendations in cattle

Food conduct
1. The conduct of the cows milk ingredients:

-Avoid the use of corn as a source of protein, for dairy cows to high production gluten
because it decreases performance of production, as well as those of reproduction
(memory 3rd cycle IAV Hassan II).

Substitute the gluten of corn by the whole cotton seeds, they are very rich in energy and
in protein. In addition, these seeds proteins are very balanced (in) (essential amino
acids) than those of Corn gluten (memory 3rd cycle IAV) (Hassan II).

-Examples of rations for a dairy cow (550 kg weight) (MADRPM / DE):

Dairy
Main Amount
Complementary concentrated food expected
food (kg)
(litre/day)
6 kg barley (crushed) or 7 kg of beet
Alfalfa
50 pulp or well 3.3 kg barley + 3.5 beet 25
Green
pulp kg
4 kg (crushed) barley or 4.7 kg of beet
Bersim
70 pulp or well 2.2 kg of barley +. 2.2 kg 15
Green
of beet pulp
1.5 kg (crushed) barley or 1.7 kg of
Barley
40 beet pulp or well 0.8 barley kg +. 0.8 8
Green
beet pulp kg
This ration only covers maintenance
Hay of requirements and does not allow the
Vicia- 10 production milk, is why we need the nothing
oats workout with one of the mixtures of
listed below concentrates.
Hay of 5 kg barley or 6 kg of beet pulp or well
11 17
alfalfa 2.5 kg barley + 2.7 kg of pulp beet
Silage of 1.3 kg barley or 1.5 kg of beet pool or
Vicia- 40 well 0.9 kg barley + 0.9 kg of beet 6
oats pulp
Silage
35 2 kg of sunflower meal 13
corn

-To improve the milk production, it recommends using mixtures of food concentrates. Are
possible, constitutions of a mixture kg (MADRPM / DE):

• 700 g barley + 300 g of sunflower meal + 50 g of CMV;

• 400 g barley + 600 + CMV; 50 bean g
• 500 g pulp of beet + 500 g of bean + 50 CMV.
• 100 barley + 900 g sound + 50 g of CMV.
-The first weeks of the far-off which lasts about 2 months, are characterized by a diet
moderate, then that the last 3 weeks of gestation, the quantity and the type of food
distributed to the cow are high to ensure all needs of gestation. This, prepares the
calving the cow (MADRPM / DE).

2. The conduct of calves :

For a calf, its first months of life are

very important. That is why we need
well take care of his power.

Noting that the milk Breast is very

essential for the calf during its first
week (MADRPM / OF).

This is what it is recommended for feeding calves (MADRPM / DE):

Concentrated food
Age (in Breast milk Artificial milk * Number of
and hay of good
weeks) (litre/day) (litre/day) meals
quality.
First
Colostrum 0 3 nothing
week
Second
4 2 2 at will
week
3 to 4 2 4 2 at will
5-6 0 7 2 at will
7-8 0 7 2 at will
9-10 0 5 2 at will
11 to 12 0 2 1 at will
12 to 14 0 1 1 at will

*: To prepare a milk artificial, should dissolve 100 to 150 g milk powder in a litre of water
warm (MADRPM / DE).

*: As for the concentrated food and hay, they must be comprised of (MADRPM / DE):

• For the Foin it is recommended: good quality; alfalfa hay

• And the concentrated or food a blend of: 75 to 80 % of crushed grain (barley or
corn) + 15 to 20 % of grain oilseed meal or legumes (petit-pois, bean,....) + 5 %
of CMV.

3. The conduct of taurillons:

• The taurillons need energy, protein, minerals, vitamins and water (MADRPM / DA;
2005).
• The energy affouragements: maize, barley, straw, the pulp of beet, citrus pulp and
molasses (MADRPM / DA; 2005);
• The protein affouragements: soybean meal, the meal of Sunflower, the bean,
small pea, alfalfa and sound (MADRPM / DA; 2005).
• it is recommended to add vitamins to herd ratios at the beginning of every three
months (MADRPM / DA; 2005) .
• The decrease in the proportion of gross in the ration improves them (3rd memory)
taurillons fattening growth performance cycle, IAV Hassan II).

Taurillons feedlot needs are as follows:

Live Digested
Weight gain Energy (feed (G/d) CA Phosphorus
weight proteins
(g/d) GMQ unit) UF calcium (g/d) P
(kg) (g/d) MAD
1000 3.3 380 27 14
150
1200 3.7 425 31 17
1000 3.9 425 30 16
200
1200 4.3 465 35 18
1000 4.4 465 34 19
250
1200 4.9 510 39 22
1000 5.0 505 37 22
300
1200 5.5 545 42 25
1000 5.5 540 41 26
350
1200 6.1 580 46 29
1000 6.1 575 45 31
400
1200 6.7 615 50 34
1000 6.6 610 50 33
450
1200 7.4 645 55 36
1000 7.3 645 55 35
500
1200 8.1 665 61 38

• This We can recommend as rationing in the taurillons (MADRPM / DA; 2004) :

o The straw or hay oat: 1 to 2 kg/head/day.
o Mixture food concentrated: 2 to 2.5 kg for each 100 g of live weight of
taurillon;
o The salt : at will (we do mixture with the affourragement);.
o The water : free.
• The molasses is also a good food for the taurillons fattening.Here is the
composition of a ration of molasses for cattle-based in growth (MADRPM / DE):
•
Ingredients Percentage
Molasses 40
Straw crushed 12
Barley concassée 30
Meal Sunflower 15.5
CMV 2
Powder bone 0.5

Practical recommendations in cattle

 Food storage

- so that the cereal grains moisissent must be a good ventilation, a regular at remuage
the shovel and a conservation in the shelter of the humidity.

-For the conservation forage, it is recommended that you use acid such as Conservatives
formic acid (LE FOMOL) diluted 1/10th.

- for molasses: a tank 60 m 3 capacity.

- concentrated foods : a storage area 10 m 2 (MADRPM/DE) . buildings

-Ensillage is stored in a silo. Silo type choice depends on how financial and the size of the
herd. There is:

• Silo molehill: is to pack down the food on the ground and cover by a plastic
without any borders, used for a reduced workforce.The advantage of this silo is
that it is cheaper, it requires not to invest for the construction of borders, but it
has a drawback is that the quality of silage is less;
• Silo Corridor: is to store the food between two walls concrete used for a workforce
high. It requires investment, but it has some benefits:
o Best quality of products to keep, because they can be better compressed,.
especially sideways and better security conditions.
o More material to ensile stored per m2 on the ground, the scope of the silo
is reduced.
o More easy to désiler, the height of silage along the edges is virtually the
same height walls, there are therefore less loss on the edges.
o More easy cover silage and make it watertight