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T E C H N I C A L

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C O N S T R U C T I O N

D E T A I L S

For further technical information contact Roadstone Architectural Products Division Tel: 01 8343322 Fax: 01 8343931 Web: www.roadstone.ie Email: info@roadstone.ie A CRH Plc. Group Company.

The New Generation of Light

Glass Blocks are one of the most versatile building materials which suit practically every individual design idea. With SOLARIS Glass Blocks you can choose from a vast array of sizes, colours and designs to find the ideal combination for all your building needs.

Kilkee Water World - Flemish White

SOLARIS Glass Blocks offer stunning visual effects and add style and value to your property. Excellent fire ratings, good sound reduction qualities and increased security are natural built in advantages.

Commercial Development - Clear White Glass Block and Forticrete Architectural Masonry

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Contents
Product Range Prefabricated Corner Units Calculating Ope dimensions Thermal Insulation Sound Insulation Transparency and Light Transmittance Property Protection Product Specication for Non-Fire Rated Panels Typical Construction Details Typical Corner Details Door & Window Elements Curved Walls Relevant Standards Reinforcement of Glass Block Panels - EXAMPLE Reinforcement - Design Charts Materials and Setting Techniques Construction Guidelines / Cleaning and Maintenance Fire Rated Glass Blocks / Product Specication Fire Rated Blocks Fire Resistance of Vertical Glass Block Panels 5 7 8 9 10 12 13 14 15 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Flemish - Blue Venus - Silor Samba - Pink Apartments - Flemish White with Flemish Pink squares to stairwell. Flemish Sahara - Turquoise Cross Ribbed Flemish - White

Savona - Silor

Door detail - Sandymount Credit Union Flemish White.

Savona - Azur

Disclaimer,
This document was prepared by Roadstone Dublin Ltd. Architectural Products Division, in consultation with its technical consultants. The function of the document is to assist Architects and Engineers considering the use of Glass Block panels in building projects. It addresses some typical situations and is not intended as a substitute for detail design. Users of the information provided in the document do so at their own risk. CRH plc., Roadstone Dublin Limited and their Technical Consultants accept no liability. SOLARIS and Roadstone are continually improving their products and service. Specification and details are therefore subject to change without notice.
Flemish Sahara - Green Flemish Sahara

Digona - Azur

Bathroom - Sahara Clear.

Riva - Turquoise

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Solaris Glass Blocks - Colour and Product Range

Model No/M2 2411/2 60 2411 32 198 25 1910 25 248 16 310 10 483 50 484 50 663 43 664 43 683 32 883 25 884 25 25

Solaris Glass Blocks - Product Range

Units mm mm mm mm mm mm inches inches inches inches inches inches inches mm

TYPE
Blue (e.g. Digona) Silor (e.g. Savona)
Alpha Light Diffusing Light Directing Carlotta Digona Fennolith Flora Cross-Ribbed Cross-Ribbed Broad Kosmos Marin Orion Orsa BSH 20 Riva * Sahara Clearview * Sahara Clearview BSH 20 * Sahara Flemish * Sahara Flemish BSH 20 Samba Satina Savona Venus Clearview Clearview BSH 20 Flemish Flemish Corner Flemish BSH 20 Clearview 1930F Clearview 1960F Clearview 1990F

Dimensions 115 x 115 x 80 240 x 115 x 80 190 x 190 x 80 190 x 190 x 100 240 x 240 x 80 300 x 300 x 100 33/4 x 73/4 x 31/8 33/4 x 73/4 x 37/8 53/4 x 53/4 x 31/8 53/4 x 53/4 x 37/8 53/4 x 73/4 x 31/8 73/4 x 73/4 x 31/8 73/4 x 73/4 x 37/8 190 x 190 x 160

Azur (e.g. Sahara Clearview)

Pink (e.g. Riva)

Alpha

Digona

Sahara Clearview

Clearview

Light Diffusing

Light Directing

Sahara Flemish

Flemish

Grey (e.g Flemish)

Turquoise (e.g. Samba)

4 4 1 2 3 2

Fennolith

Flora

Orion

Samba

Light Green (e.g. Sahara Flemish)

Carlotta

Cross-Ribbed

Orsa BSH 20

Satina

Glass Blocks can be supplied with a single or double-sided frosted nish surface. This is called Sahara nish. SOLARIS Glass Blocks are also available as corner elements with optional angle in a variety of models, designs and colours (see page 7 for dimensions).

Available in the following colours: White Silor

1 2 3 4

Marin

Cross-Ribbed Broad

Riva

Savona

Azur - Blue - Grey - Light Green - Pink - Turquoise Azur - Pink - Turquoise Azur - Light Green - Pink - Turquoise Azur - Blue - Pink - Turquoise

Kosmos

Venus Flemish Corner Corner Element (Page 7)

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Pre-Fabricated Corner Units

Calculating Ope Dimensions

Formula for Calculating width of Ope
(Example using 190x190x80 Glass Block)

x D
112

D
112 80

b j b j b j b p p b j b j b j b j b p

W=
H

( A x b ) + ( C x j ) + 2p ( 5 x 190 ) + ( 4 x 10 ) + ( 2 x 15 ) 950 + 40 + 30 = 1020mm

190

Width of ope = 1020mm (For Height of Ope Repeat Above) A b C j p W H = = = = = = = No. of Glass Blocks Width of Glass Block No. of Joints Width of Joint (10mm min) Perimeter Joint (15mm in this case) Clear Width Clear Height

190

Elevation

Section

w C C
193
(Dimensions in millimetres)

Plan

193

The manufacturing process currently in use is capable of producing Glass Blocks up to a maximum length per side of 300 mm. Glass Block walls are translucent walls for both indoor and outdoor use. They should not be regarded either as windows or substitute windows, but rather as an autonomous architectural element with a structural expression which gures signicantly in the appearance of a building. Glass Block walls are not supporting walls and cannot be expected to bear any loads from the building. This is why Glass Block panels should be connected to the rest of the building in a way which would not subject them to any restraining forces. For this reason, they should be surrounded by expansion and sliding joints, the function of which must not be obstructed by the use of other materials (e.g. plaster). The expansion and sliding joints must be executed meticulously. Failure to do this may result in the cracking of the Glass Blocks in the future. Dimensions for the pre-formed ope and the connection detail between the GLASS BLOCK wall and the structure of the building are therefore of the utmost importance. Typical details are shown on pages 15-21. Our Technical Department will be pleased to discuss other situations.

Dimension D assumes 90 angle. (tolerance to DIN 1875) Glass Block Model 198 1910 248 310 2411 2411 2411/2 883 884 663 664 A 190 190 240 300 240 115 115 196.9 196.9 146.1 146.1 B 80 100 80 100 80 80 80 79.4 98.4 79.4 98.4 C 193 193 243 303 118 243 118 200 200 149 149 D 112 92 162 202 39 162 37 120 101 69 50 Angle X Min Max 60 90 60 90 80 60 80 60 90 60 90 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140

Mortar Joint Width in mm. (Straight Panels) Glass Block Dimensions Minimum Joint Width (mm) Maximum Joint Width (mm) 115 x 115 mm. 10 20 190 x 190 mm. 10 20 240 x 240 mm. 15 20 300 x 300 mm. 20 20

For maximum allowable size of non-re rated panel dimensions see Design Chart page 26 For maximum allowable size of Fire Rated panels see page 30

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Thermal Insulation
Glass Block walls help reduce the over-heating of interior spaces caused by the penetration of sunlight during the summer months, while also permitting the low-lying winter sun to make a maximum contribution to room heating. The thermal conductivity coefficient of Glass Block windows is comparable with this property in normal double glazing units. A 1/ thermal transmission resistance of Glass Block walls and a thermal conductivity coefficient U depend on the dimension of the Glass Blocks (stated in mean values for all sizes, except those listed below) and the jointing material. One general rule applies when considering the heat balance of buildings and taking into consideration an equivalent thermal conductivity coefficient of keq during the heating period which, besides transmission heat losses, also includes the useful heat gains of gF brought about by such transparent structural elements as windows.

Sound Insulation
Glass Block constructions are ideal solutions where a high degree of insulation against airborne noise is required. Single-skin panels constructed with BSH 20 Glass Blocks meet the requirements up to sound insulation class 5 (see tables below). Double-skin Glass Block walls with a space of at least 50mm fulfil the demands of sound insulation class 6. It is, however, important to ensure that the adjoining structural elements have the same degree of insulation against air-borne noise. Where increased demands are made on sound insulation, low-cost solutions can be achieved, while illuminating the rooms with Glass Block elements. Attention should be paid to the specications of DIN 4109, Sound Insulation in Buildings. The sound insulation index Rw is calculated in accordance with DIN 52 210, Part 4:

Rw = LSM + 52dB (LSM = airborne sound insulation index)

According to I the test certificates, dated 28 April 1982, from the official German test centre for constructional sound insulation (Chand 1, Mitter VDI, VBI, Consultant Engineer, Krefeld), the following values approx.

Additional physical properties

Thermal conductivity coefficient (U value) Thermal transmission resistance Fraction of total energy transmission (g-value)

Model 1930F
U = 2.2 W/(m2 K) I/ = 0.282 m2 K/W g = 0,50

Model 1960F
U= 1.8 W/(m2 K) I/ = 0.396 m2 K/W g = 0.54

Model 1990F
U= 1.5 W/(m2 K) I/ = 0.507 m2 K/W g = 0.35

Mean Value for all other models

U= 3.2 W/(m2 K) I/ = 0.144 m2 K/W g = 0.65

Glass Block walls

Glass Block Dimensions 190 x 190 x 80 190 x 190 x 80 BSH 20 240 x 240 x 80 240 x 115 x 80 300 x 300 x 100 Double Leaf 240 x 240 x 80

Air Transmitted Sound Insulation Index LSM 12 dB 5 dB 10 dB 7 dB 11 dB 2 dB

Sound Insulation I Index Rw 40 dB 47 dB 42 dB 45 dB 41 dB 50 dB

Sound insulation classes for windows in accordance with VDI Guideline 2719:

Sound Insulation class 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Rw 50dB 45-49dB 40-44dB 35-39dB 30-34dB 25-29dB 25dB

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Sound Insulation
Examples of Sound Insulation Measurements (R'w) of Glass Block Walls Sound levels dB
120 100 -40dB 80 70 -45dB 60 50 40 Road Traffic Normal Conversation Lobbies, Waiting Rooms and Terminal Buildings Soft Radio Music Soft Conversation Classrooms, Scientic Laboratories, Libraries, Doctors Offices, Conference and Lecture Rooms, Churches 30 Whispering people Riveter Motorcycle

Transparency and Light Transmittance

Weight
The dead weight of Glass Block panels, including mortar joints (10mm), with the following specication are shown: 190 x190 x 80mm thick..........1.00 KN/m2 190 x 190 x 100mm thick .......1.25 KN/m2 BSH20 198............................1.42 KN/m2 The blocks have an imprint engraved in the top to indicate the proper installation position.
Light Ceiling

Light Conductivity
Light transmittance in light-directing Glass Blocks can be adjusted by an interior prismatic structure to direct the light toward the ceiling. The ceiling should be bright and unstructured.

Recommended Guidelines for Mean Sound Levels in Rooms

The SOLARIS 198 BSH 20 Glass Block in normalI single-leaf design, meets the requirements of Sound Insulation Class 5 (sound insulation index Rw 45-49 dB).

Bedrooms in Homes, Hotels and Hospitals

20 Whispering Leaves

For weights of other blocks consult Designing with light and glass , available from the Architectural Products Division of Roadstone.

Transparency
The degree of transparency of the Glass Block wall is determined by the type of Glass Block used. Whatever the requirements, virtually any degree of visibility protection is possible: from clear view Glass Blocks with plane parallel surfaces providing transparency from the inside without any major distortions, to decorative blocks which make object recognition difficult, all the way to, Glass Blocks which only produce a diffused light and do not permit any form recognition - e.g. Sahara Range.

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Light Transmittance

(Light Transmittance of Glass Blocks DIN 67 507)

Glass Block walls have a high degree of light transmittance. For vertically incident light, the transmittance can be up to 75% (transparent Glass Blocks), depending on the pattern of the block, and thus corresponds to that of normal double-glazed windows. With bronze-tinted Glass Blocks, the light transmittance is approx. 49%.

Section through: Glass Block

Section through: BSH 20

Glass Blocks - as used in hospital foyer

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Property Protection
Glass Block walls provide high levels of security.
Typical applications include: Observation Units Building Entrances Light walls in warehouses, manufacturing facilities or workshops Security zones in industrial plants, airports, power stations etc. Computer Centres Banks and Financial Institutions Cellar windows Sports Centres Medical Centres and Hospitals Libraries Public Buildings Prisons and Detention Centres Universities and Colleges

Product Specification
Non Fire Rated Vertical Glass Block Panels
SOLARIS Glass Blocks as supplied by Roadstone Dublin Ltd. Architectural Products Division, are constructed generally to comply with DIN4242. Type (1) size (2) x x mm thick (3) pattern, hermetically sealed hollow Glass Blocks, manufactured strictly in accordance with DIN18175. Glass Blocks shall be laid in Roadstone Universal Glass Block Mortar conforming to DIN1053 when used in accordance with DIN4242. This mortar should be mixed on site with clean water to required consistency. All joints must be fully compacted to a bucket handle nish with a smooth concave prole. Joint thickness will depend on Glass Block size (see page 8) and plan prole of panel (see curved walls page 23). Deformed high yield stainless steel reinforcing rods, as supplied by Roadstone and manufactured to BS6744:1986, to be set in selected bed joints, to allow each individual panel to resist the designed wind loading as required by CP3 Chapter V Part 2, BS 5628 Part 2 1985, DIN4242 Part 5.2.1 and BS 8110 1985 - (refer to design chart page 26). Glass Block panels must be erected on a suitable and adequate base previously prepared by others, coated with two applications of bituminous paint. Expansion material, conforming to BS476 Part 4 1970 and Part 7 1987, to be positioned at the head and both jambs in accordance with details. Internal and external perimeter joints to be caulked with silicone sealant, manufactured in accordance with BS 5889 1989 Type A, as supplied by Roadstone Architectural Products Division and applied in accordance with manufacturers instructions. 1. State SOLARIS reference ..................example 198 Flemish 2. State dimensions ............................example 190 x 190 x 80mm 3. State pattern..................................example Flemish

Germanys Federal Criminal Investigation Service in Wiesbaden especially recommends Glass Blocks for a high level of personal and property protection.

Bullet-Resistant Glazing
The special BSH 20 Glass Block looks similar to a standard Glass Block, but when subjected to triple ring as specied in DIN 52 290/Z, it meets the requirement of classication C 5-SA, the highest level of bullet resistance in glass. Single-shell Glass Block elements will provide bullet resistance classication C3-SA on single ring, and C 2-SA for triple ring. Double-shell Glass Block elements provide bullet resistance classication C 5-SA on triple ring.

Burglar-Resistant Glass Block Panels

The efficiency of Glass Block walls with a high level of burglar-proofing can be vastly improved by selecting specific Glass Block sizes, joint widths and mortar joints reinforcements. Resistance classication WK 10 is provided by Glass Blocks with dimensions up to 240 x 240 mm, and resistance class WK 60 is provided by Glass Blocks with dimensions up to 200 x 200 mm, pre-supposing a cross-wires reinforcement of the mortar joints with special steel.

Projectile-Resistant Glazing
In all application sizes, Glass Block walls provide a high level of safety against such projectiles as balls hitting the wall or atmospheric disturbances such as earthquakes. No special installation method is required here; the stability comes about from the stress-resistance of the individual Glass Blocks and their reinforcement. BSH 20 Stress type 1 2 3 4 5
VMR/Wk VMKS/Wk VMF/Wk VMS/Wk VMS/Hk

Calibre Calibre 9mm x 19 .357 Magnum .44 Magnum 7.62mm x 51 7.62mm x 51 Type of bullet* Bullet mass mas (g) Velocity V2 5m/s to 365 to 425 to 445 to 795 to 810

Classications of attack-resistance Bullet No bullet hole, distance (m) non splintering 3 3 3 10 25 C1 - SF C2 - SF C3 - SF C4 - SF C5 - SF No bullet hole, hole, splintering C1 - SA C2 - CA C3 - SA C4 - SA C5 - SA

VMR/Wk 8.00 0.10 355 VMKS/Wk 10.25 0.10 415 VMF/Wk 15.55 0.10 435 VMS/Wk 9.45 0.10 785 VMS/Hk 9.75 0.10 800

Full-jacketed round head bullet with soft core Full-jacketed at head bullet with soft core Full-jacketed conic spritzer bullet with soft core Full-jacketed spritzer bullet with soft core Full-jacketed spritzer bullet with hard core

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HEAD DETAIL

JAMB DETAIL

HEAD DETAIL

JAMB DETAIL

SOLARIS GLASS BLOCKS BY ROADSTONE

JOINT DETAIL
NOTES:

BASE DETAIL JOINT DETAIL

1) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE NOT DESIGNED TO CARRY LOADS FROM, OR PROVIDE STABILITY TO THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE. PANELS ARE ISOLATED FROM THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE BY MOVEMENT JOINTS. 2) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE DESIGNED SOLELY TO SUPPORT THEIR OWN WEIGHT, WIND LOADS AND HORIZONTAL LIVE LOADS IN ACCORDANCE WITH RELEVANT SECTIONS OF BS 6399 AND TO TRANSMIT THESE LOADS TO THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE. 3) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE DESIGNED TO SPAN IN ONE DIRECTION ONLY AND ARE REINFORCED WITH RIBBED STAINLESS STEEL RODS, GENERALLY IN THE SHORTEST SPAN. 4) FOR MAXIMUM PANEL SIZES, SPANS, REINFORCEMENT CENTRES AND DIAMETER REFER TO DESIGN CHARTS. 5) SEE SPECIFICATION SHEET FOR DETAILS OF MATERIALS AND WORKMANSHIP. 6) THE PERIMETER EXPANSION AND SLIDING JOINT MUST BE METICULOUSLY EXECUTED AND FREE FROM OBSTRUCTIONS IF FUTURE CRACKING OF GLASS BLOCKS IS TO BE AVOIDED. 7) ENSURE 15MM COVER FROM OUTSIDE OF GLASS BLOCK TO REINFORCEMENT WHEN 2 No. REINFORCING BARS ARE USED AS PRIMARY REINFORCEMENT. 8) DETAILS TO BE READ STRICTLY IN CONJUNCTION WITH TECHNICAL AND CONSTRUCTION DETAILS MANUAL. REFER TO PAGE 3 FOR DISCLAIMER.

BASE DETAIL

NOTES: 1) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE NOT DESIGNED TO CARRY LOADS FROM, OR PROVIDE STABILITY TO THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE. PANELS ARE ISOLATED FROM THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE BY MOVEMENT JOINTS. 2) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE DESIGNED SOLELY TO SUPPORT THEIR OWN WEIGHT, WIND LOADS AND HORIZONTAL LIVE LOADS IN ACCORDANCE WITH RELEVANT SECTIONS OF BS 6399 AND TO TRANSMIT THESE LOADS TO THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE. 3) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE DESIGNED TO SPAN IN ONE DIRECTION ONLY AND ARE REINFORCED WITH RIBBED STAINLESS STEEL RODS, GENERALLY IN THE SHORTEST SPAN. 4) FOR MAXIMUM PANEL SIZES, SPANS, REINFORCEMENT CENTRES AND DIAMETER REFER TO DESIGN CHARTS. 5) SEE SPECIFICATION SHEET FOR DETAILS OF MATERIALS AND WORKMANSHIP. 6) THE PERIMETER EXPANSION AND SLIDING JOINT MUST BE METICULOUSLY EXECUTED AND FREE FROM OBSTRUCTIONS IF FUTURE CRACKING OF GLASS BLOCKS IS TO BE AVOIDED. 7) ENSURE 15MM COVER FROM OUTSIDE OF GLASS BLOCK TO REINFORCEMENT WHEN 2 No. REINFORCING BARS ARE USED AS PRIMARY REINFORCEMENT. 8) DETAILS TO BE READ STRICTLY IN CONJUNCTION WITH TECHNICAL AND CONSTRUCTION DETAILS MANUAL. REFER TO PAGE 3 FOR DISCLAIMER.

TYPICAL DETAILS

EXTERNAL CILL DETAIL

SOLARIS GLASS BLOCKS BY ROADSTONE

TYPICAL DETAILS

HORIZONTALLY SPANNING PANELS TYPICAL DETAILS

Drg. No. 9648 / 01 D a t e : Oct. 99

ROADSTONE DUBLIN LTD., ARCHITECTURAL PRODUCTS DIVISION.

VERTICALLY SPANNING PANELS TYPICAL DETAILS

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HEAD DETAIL

SOLARIS GLASS BLOCKS BY ROADSTONE

JAMB DETAIL

HEAD DETAIL

JAMB DETAIL

TYPICAL DETAILS
SOLARIS GLASS BLOCKS BY ROADSTONE
NOTES: 1) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE NOT DESIGNED TO CARRY LOADS FROM, OR PROVIDE STABILITY TO THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE. PANELS ARE ISOLATED FROM THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE BY MOVEMENT JOINTS. 2) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE DESIGNED SOLELY TO SUPPORT THEIR OWN WEIGHT, WIND LOADS AND HORIZONTAL LIVE LOADS IN ACCORDANCE WITH RELEVANT SECTIONS OF BS 6399 AND TO TRANSMIT THESE LOADS TO THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE. 3) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE DESIGNED TO SPAN IN ONE DIRECTION ONLY AND ARE REINFORCED WITH RIBBED STAINLESS STEEL RODS, GENERALLY IN THE SHORTEST SPAN. 4) FOR MAXIMUM PANEL SIZES, SPANS, REINFORCEMENT CENTRES AND DIAMETER REFER TO DESIGN CHARTS. 5) SEE SPECIFICATION SHEET FOR DETAILS OF MATERIALS AND WORKMANSHIP. 6) THE PERIMETER EXPANSION AND SLIDING JOINT MUST BE METICULOUSLY EXECUTED AND FREE FROM OBSTRUCTIONS IF FUTURE CRACKING OF GLASS BLOCKS IS TO BE AVOIDED. 5) SEE SPECIFICATION SHEET FOR DETAILS OF MATERIALS AND WORKMANSHIP. 6) THE PERIMETER EXPANSION AND SLIDING JOINT MUST BE METICULOUSLY EXECUTED AND FREE FROM OBSTRUCTIONS IF FUTURE CRACKING OF GLASS BLOCKS IS TO BE AVOIDED. 7) ENSURE 15MM COVER FROM OUTSIDE OF GLASS BLOCK TO REINFORCEMENT WHEN 2 No. REINFORCING BARS ARE USED AS PRIMARY REINFORCEMENT. 8) DETAILS TO BE READ STRICTLY IN CONJUNCTION WITH TECHNICAL AND CONSTRUCTION DETAILS MANUAL. REFER TO PAGE 3 FOR DISCLAIMER. 7) ENSURE 15MM COVER FROM OUTSIDE OF GLASS BLOCK TO REINFORCEMENT WHEN 2 No. REINFORCING BARS ARE USED AS PRIMARY REINFORCEMENT. 8) DETAILS TO BE READ STRICTLY IN CONJUNCTION WITH TECHNICAL AND CONSTRUCTION DETAILS MANUAL. REFER TO PAGE 3 FOR DISCLAIMER.

JOINT DETAIL JOINT DETAIL

BASE DETAIL

NOTES: 1) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE NOT DESIGNED TO CARRY LOADS FROM, OR PROVIDE STABILITY TO THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE. PANELS ARE ISOLATED FROM THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE BY MOVEMENT JOINTS. 2) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE DESIGNED SOLELY TO SUPPORT THEIR OWN WEIGHT, WIND LOADS AND HORIZONTAL LIVE LOADS IN ACCORDANCE WITH RELEVANT SECTIONS OF BS 6399 AND TO TRANSMIT THESE LOADS TO THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE. 3) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE DESIGNED TO SPAN IN ONE DIRECTION ONLY AND ARE REINFORCED WITH RIBBED STAINLESS STEEL RODS, GENERALLY IN THE SHORTEST SPAN. 4) FOR MAXIMUM PANEL SIZES, SPANS, REINFORCEMENT CENTRES AND DIAMETER REFER TO DESIGN CHARTS.

EXTERNAL CILL DETAIL

EXTERNAL CILL DETAIL

TYPICAL DETAILS

HORIZONTALLY SPANNING PANELS WITH PREFABRICATED CHANNELS

Drg. No. 9648 / 03 Date: Oct. 99

ROADSTONE DUBLIN LTD., ARCHITECTURAL PRODUCTS DIVISION.

HORIZONTALLY & VERTICALLY SPANNING PANELS WITH PERIMETER CHANNELS

Drg. No. 9648 / 04 Date: Oct. 99

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SOLARIS GLASS BLOCKS BY ROADSTONE

TYPICAL DETAILS

TYPICAL JAMB DETAIL

TYPICAL HEAD DETAIL

TYPICAL DETAILS

HORIZONTAL EXPANSION JOINT

JAMB DETAIL
6) THE PERIMETER EXPANSION AND SLIDING JOINT MUST BE METICULOUSLY EXECUTED AND FREE FROM OBSTRUCTIONS IF FUTURE CRACKING OF GLASS BLOCKS IS TO BE AVOIDED.

TYPICAL CILL DETAIL

7) ENSURE 15MM COVER FROM OUTSIDE OF GLASS BLOCK TO REINFORCEMENT WHEN 2 No. REINFORCING BARS ARE USED AS PRIMARY REINFORCEMENT. 8) DETAILS TO BE READ STRICTLY IN CONJUNCTION WITH TECHNICAL AND CONSTRUCTION DETAILS MANUAL. REFER TO PAGE 3 FOR DISCLAIMER.

NOTES: 1) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE NOT DESIGNED TO CARRY LOADS FROM, OR PROVIDE STABILITY TO THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE. PANELS ARE ISOLATED FROM THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE BY MOVEMENT JOINTS. 2) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE DESIGNED SOLELY TO SUPPORT THEIR OWN WEIGHT, WIND LOADS AND HORIZONTAL LIVE LOADS IN ACCORDANCE WITH RELEVANT SECTIONS OF BS 6399 AND TO TRANSMIT THESE LOADS TO THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE. 3) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE DESIGNED TO SPAN IN ONE DIRECTION ONLY AND ARE REINFORCED WITH RIBBED STAINLESS STEEL RODS, GENERALLY IN THE SHORTEST SPAN. 4) FOR MAXIMUM PANEL SIZES, SPANS, REINFORCEMENT CENTRES AND DIAMETER REFER TO DESIGN CHARTS. 5) SEE SPECIFICATION SHEET FOR DETAILS OF MATERIALS AND WORKMANSHIP. 6) THE PERIMETER EXPANSION AND SLIDING JOINT MUST BE METICULOUSLY EXECUTED AND FREE FROM OBSTRUCTIONS IF FUTURE CRACKING OF GLASS BLOCKS IS TO BE AVOIDED. 7) ENSURE 15MM COVER FROM OUTSIDE OF GLASS BLOCK TO REINFORCEMENT WHEN 2 No. REINFORCING BARS ARE USED AS PRIMARY REINFORCEMENT. 8) DETAILS TO BE READ STRICTLY IN CONJUNCTION WITH TECHNICAL AND CONSTRUCTION DETAILS MANUAL. REFER TO PAGE 3 FOR DISCLAIMER.

VERTICAL EXPANSION JOINT

HORIZONTALLY SPANNING PANELS MASONRY DETAILS

Drg. No. 9648 / 05 Date: Oct. 99

ROADSTONE DUBLIN LTD., ARCHITECTURAL PRODUCTS DIVISION.

EXPANSION JOINT DETAILS

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Door and Window Elements

Elements such as doors, windows, vents etc., built into Glass Block walls must be dimensioned in accordance with the Glass Block module.

A reliable door closer, either oor mounted or standard height, is recommended.

TYPICAL CORNER DETAIL

SOLARIS GLASS BLOCKS BY ROADSTONE

Section A-A

Elevation

Wiring Channel Prefabricated Switch Box

6) THE PERIMETER EXPANSION AND SLIDING JOINT MUST BE METICULOUSLY EXECUTED AND FREE FROM OBSTRUCTIONS IF FUTURE CRACKING OF GLASS BLOCKS IS TO BE AVOIDED. 7) ENSURE 15MM COVER FROM OUTSIDE OF GLASS BLOCK TO REINFORCEMENT WHEN 2 No. REINFORCING BARS ARE USED AS PRIMARY REINFORCEMENT. 8) DETAILS TO BE READ STRICTLY IN CONJUNCTION WITH TECHNICAL AND CONSTRUCTION DETAILS MANUAL. REFER TO PAGE 3 FOR DISCLAIMER.

Plan Section B-B

TYPICAL DETAILS

CORNER DETAILS
Drg. No. 9648 / 08 Scale Date: Oct. 99

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Curved Walls
Vertical expansion joints must be provided at the maximum panel width, or at least every 6 meters, on Glass Block walls with a single curve. Multiple-curved walls require expansion joints at the turning point of the curves. The minimum internal joint width is 8mm.

Relevant Standards
Standards
The following standards should be observed when installing a Glass Block wall: Building Regulations 1997 - Technical Guidance Document DIN 18175 - Glass Blocks, production DIN 4242 - Glass Blocks, construction and dimensioning Other applicable norms are: DIN 488 - Reinforcing Steel; Denition and Properties DIN 1045 - Concrete and Reinforced Concrete DIN 1053 - Mortar and Masonry DIN 1055 - Design Loads DIN 4102, - Part 13, - Fire Protection DIN 4103, - Part 1 - Non-Load-Bearing Walls DIN 4108, - Thermal Insulation DIN 4109, - Sound Insulation in Building BS 6399 - Loading for Buildings The following new European norms apply in addition to DIN 1045 and 1053: ENV 1992 - Steel Concrete ENV 206 - Concrete, Characteristics and Manufacture In addition to DIN 4102: EN 357 - Fire Protection

Glass Block

Plan

Expansion Joint. See detail 9648/07 See page 20 for Typical Detail

Glass Block Dimensions Internal Radius of Curve in Meters 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 20.0

Internal or external vertical joint width is based on 8mm min. joint on one face
115 x 115 x 80mm 28.0 24.7 22.3 20.5 19.1 18.0 14.6 13.0 12.0 11.3 10.9 10.9 10.0 7.7 9.4 9.25 9.1 8.5 190 x 190 x 80mm 40.0 34.7 30.8 28.0 25.8 24.0 18.6 16.0 14.4 13.3 12.6 12.0 11.2 10.7 10.3 10.0 9.77 8.8 240 x 240 x 80mm 48.0 41.7 36.6 33.0 30.2 28.0 21.3 18.0 16.0 14.7 13.7 13.0 12.0 11.4 10.9 10.5 10.2 9.0 300 x 330 x 100mm 70.0 59.7 52.3 46.0 42.4 39.0 28.7 23.5 20.4 18.3 16.9 15.8 14.2 13.2 190 x 190 x 100mm 48.0 41.4 36.6 33.0 30.2 28.0 21.3 18.0 16.0 14.3 13.7 13.0 12.0 11.4 10.9 10.5 10.2 9.0

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Reinforcement of Glass Block Panels - (non-fire rated)

The table on page 26 indicates primary and secondary reinforcement required for various panel sizes for a given range of wind load conditions. Below is an example of how this table is used, assuming a 190 x 190 x 80mm Glass Block was specied.

Reinforcement Table of Maximum Spans for Glass Block Panels (Non-Fire Rated Panels)
Wind load kN / sq m

Glass Block Size

0.5

1.5

Span in metres 3.4 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 3.00 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.750 3.750 3.750 2.750 3.750 3.750 3.750 3.750 3.00 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.10 4.03 4.34 4.65 4.03 4.65 4.65 4.65 2.4 2.8 3.0 2.8 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.8 3.4 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.8 3.8 3.8 2.00 2.50 2.75 2.75 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 2.875 2.875 3.000 1.875 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 2.00 2.50 2.75 2.75 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 2.17 2.79 3.10 3.72 2.79 3.72 3.72 3.72 1.8 2.2 2.4 2.2 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.2 2.8 2.8 3.0 2.8 3.2 3.2 3.2 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.250 2.375 2.375 1.500 2.625 2.625 2.625 2.625 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.50 2.50 2.50 1.86 2.17 2.48 2.79 2.17 3.10 3.10 3.10

Primary Reinforcement Required

1 No. 1 No. 1 No. 1 No. 2 No. 2 No. 2 No. 2 No. 1 No. 1 No. 1 No. 1 No. 2 No. 2 No. 2 No. 2 No. 1 No. 1 No. 1 No. 1 No. 2 No. 2 No. 2 No. 2 No. 1 No. 1 No. 1 No. 1 No. 2 No. 2 No. 2 No. 2 No. 1 No. 1 No. 1 No. 1 No. 2 No. 2 No. 2 No. 2 No. 1 No. 1 No. 1 No. 1 No. 2 No. 2 No. 2 No. 2 No. 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm 6 mm 8 mm @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 400mm crs 400mm crs 200mm crs 200mm crs 400mm crs 400mm crs 200mm crs 200mm crs 400mm crs 400mm crs 200mm crs 200mm crs 400mm crs 400mm crs 200mm crs 200mm crs 500mm crs 500mm crs 250mm crs 250mm crs 500mm crs 500mm crs 250mm crs 250mm crs 250mm crs 250mm crs 125mm crs 125mm crs 250mm crs 250mm crs 125mm crs 125mm crs 500mm crs 500mm crs 250mm crs 250mm crs 500mm crs 500mm crs 250mm crs 250mm crs 620mm crs 620mm crs 310mm crs 310mm crs 620mm crs 620mm crs 310mm crs 310mm crs

Notes to Table

Secondary Reinforcement
1.1 In horizontally spanning panels (detail 01) secondary reinforcement is placed at the rate of 50% of primary steel. E.g. Using 190 x 190 block primary reinforcement at 400mm centres horizontally secondary reinforcement will be at 800mm centres vertically. 1.2 In vertically spanning panels (detail 02) i.e. where primary reinforcement spans vertically secondary reinforcement is placed every 3rd bed joint horizontally. E.g. Using 190 x 190 block primary reinforcement at 400mm centres vertically secondary reinforcement will be at 600mm centres horizontally. 2. Ensure 15mm cover from face of Glass Block to reinforcement. Ensure reinforcement does not come in contact with Glass Block. 3. Maximum allowable length/height of adjacent side is 6m. 4. Disclaimer: Roadstone Architectural Products Division in consultation with their technical consultants prepared this document. The function of the document is to assist architects and engineers considering the use of Glass Block panels in building projects. It addresses some typical situations and is not a substitute for detail design. Users of the information provided in the document do so on their own responsibility and Roadstone or its technical consultants accept no liability. Further information and assistance can be obtained by contacting Roadstone Architectural Products Division.

Horizontally Spanning Panel

Example: Panel size required ...3.8m x 6m Given: Glass Block ..............190 x 190 x 80mm Wind Load ...............0.5kN/m2
See details 01 - 03 - 04 - 05

190 x 190 x 80

Table Page 26 indicates: Primary Steel.........................1 No. 8mm dia. bar @ 400mm crs. Secondary Steel .....................1 No. 8mm dia. bar @ 800mm crs. Note: Table also indicates that increasing primary reinforcement to 200mm crs horizontally will not increase allowable span. This is due to deection limitations.

6m

190 x 190 x 100

3.8m

Elevation - (Horizontally Spanning Panel)

240 x 240 x 80

Vertically Spanning Panels

See details 02 - 03 - 04

115 x 115 x 80

Primary Steel ........1 No. 8mm dia. bar @ 400mm crs. Secondary Steel.....1 No. 8mm dia. bar @ 600mm crs. i.e. one every third bed joint horizontally.
240 x 115 x 80 6m 3.8m

Elevation - (Vertically Spanning Panel)

300 x 300 x 100

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Materials and Setting Techniques

The following materials are required for the satisfactory construction of Glass Block panels. Items 1 - 6 are supplied by Roadstone. 1. SOLARIS Glass Blocks. 2. Universal Glass Block mortar. 3. Stainless steel deformed reinforcing rods 6 or 8mm in diameter. 4. Expansion Fibre. 5. Sealant for internal / external perimeter joints. 6. Coloured pointing mortar (if different from white). 7. Bitumen paint or D.P.C. - by others. 8. Channels for edge perimeter detail - by others.

Construction Guidelines
Glass Block walls are not load-bearing walls and may not be allowed to assume any additional loads from the main structure. Glass Block walls must be supported on at least two opposite sides in such a way that the horizontal loads from the wall can be safely transmitted. The supporting structure must be capable of supporting all loads. Glass Block walls do not carry any dead loads other than their own weight. Structural Opes must be built to suit Glass Block dimensions (see page 8) The whole surface of the Glass Block should be seen and not hidden by other nishes eg. plaster, tiling or channels. Expansion and slip joints must be executed meticulously to protect the panel from inadmissible loads. Failure to do this may result in future cracking of Glass Blocks. Adequate protection and bracing must be provided during and after construction until the wall has fully set.

Setting Technique
Glass Blocks must be constructed by an experienced craftsman. The Glass Blocks should be laid in Roadstone Universal Glass Block mortar insuring that both horizontal and vertical joints are fully compacted. The joints can then be raked out to a depth of 10-12mm and pointed as soon as the stability of the panel allows - thus insuring optimum bond. The nished joint should be tightly pointed to a 3mm concave smooth nish using Universal Glass Block mortar. Coloured pointing is also available on request. Only mix sufficient mortar that can be used before initial set. Never use re-tampered mortar. The Glass Block panel must be reinforced horizontally and vertically with stainless steel ribbed bars in accordance with design charts on page 26 or Engineers details. The bars are embedded in the mortar and must not come in contact with the Glass Blocks. Movement joints at two sides and head must be incorporated to protect the panel from inadmissible loads. They must be meticulously executed if future cracking of Glass Blocks is to be avoided. They may not be plastered over inside or out, or obstructed by tiling or similar elements. These joints are formed with permantly elastic and weather proof material, to a thickness - width of between 10 - 20mm. Sliding joint at base should be made of two coats of bitumous paint or other approved material.

Cleaning and Maintenance

Cleaning
SOLARIS Glass Blocks panels require very little maintenance after installation, other than occasional cleaning. Use only clean water, do not use acid wash or any chemical solution. Should stubborn stains occur on the face of the Glass Block, it is recommended that a very ne piece of steel wool grade 00 is used. Ensure that during the removal of stubborn stains the mortar joints are not touched. The mortar surfaces should be cleaned with a dry clean cloth as required. A clear acrylic coating may be applied to the outer faces of the Glass Block, which assists in keeping them clean.

Bracing and Protection

It is essential that all new work is adequately braced and protected during and after construction in accordance with Engineers requirements and the requirements of DIN4242 Glass Block walls: construction and dimensioning. Pointing, including coloured pointing mortar (when specied) must be protected from rapid drying and must be sufficiently compacted to prevent penetration to the inside.

Laying Temperature
Glass Block walls must not be constructed at temperatures below +5C. In the event of a temperature drop below +5C, it must be ensured that the walls have sufficiently high temperature during the setting of the mortar.

Repairs
Repairs to Glass Block panels can be effected as follows. The damaged Glass Block should be broken out as far as possible, taking care not to damage adjoining Glass Blocks. The opening should then be trimmed to accommodate the new block; this can be achieved either by the use of hand tools or mechanical grinder/cutter. The replacement Glass Block should then be set in place using a stiff mortar and jointed.

Expansion Joints
Expansion joints are required at maximum panel lengths of 6m. in order to restrict restraining forces within the Glass Block panel.

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Fire Rated Glass Blocks

Fire resistance of vertical glazing panels constructed with SOLARIS Glass Blocks from Roadstone. Fire rated panels require special construction and reinforcement details. These are shown in the relevant fire certificates. Copies are available from Roadstone Architectural Products Division. Tel: 01- 834 3322 Fax: 01-834 3931.

F Integrity & Insulation

Roadstone Solaris Glass Blocks are available in a range which can achieve fire ratings, from 30 min. integrity to 90 min.s insulation. Different Glass Block types achieve different ratings depending on panel sizes. The table opposite show full details of these. All Glass Blocks achieve a degree of fire rating when built in accordance with details contained in relevant fire certificates. See page 30. The most common Glass Blocks used in re rated panels are indicated below. Type: 1980 1930 1960 1990 BSH 20 F F F Size: 190 x 190 x 80 190 x 190 x 80 190 x 190 x 160 190 x 190 x 160 Finish Available: Flemish/ Clearview / Sahara / Orsa Clearview / Sahara Finish (one or both sides) Clearview / Sahara Finish (one or both sides) Clearview / Sahara Finish (one or both sides)

WARRES No. 68347 & WFRC C82298

The above four Glass Block types are available in white colour only. Copy of Fire Certicates, including Construction Details, are available on request.

Fire Rated Vertical Glass Block Panels

SOLARIS Glass Blocks as supplied by Roadstone Dublin Ltd. Architectural Products Division, constructed strictly in accordance with the relevant Fire Certicate* and complying with DIN 18175. Example: Type - 1960 F Size - 190 x 190 x 160mm Pattern - Clearview laid in Roadstone Universal Glass Block mortar manufactured to conform to DIN 1053. The mortar should be mixed on site to required consistency, joints must be fully compacted and nished Bucket handle to a smooth concave prole. Reinforcement shall be stainless steel deformed rods manufactured to B.S. 6744 1986 and placed in horizontal and vertical joints, in accordance with details contained in the relevant Fire Certificate and structural engineers requirements. FIBRE insulation material where shown must conform to B.S. 476 Part 4 1970 and Part 7 1987. Internal and external perimeter joints must be caulked with fire resistant sealant, manufactured in accordance with B.S. 5889 Type A and tested to B.S. 476 Part 20 1987 and DIN 4102 Part 4 and Part 13. The panel should be erected on a previously prepared base by others. * Copies available from Roadstone Architectural Products Division. Tel: (01) 834 3322 Fax: (01) 834 3931.

Maximum Panel Area Permissible Maximum Height Maximum Width

Warrington Fire Research Centre Warrington Report No.

Rowing of Glass Blocks (Note 1)

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Notes to Table 1. Rowing means a series/row of Glass Block panels in a continuous line/strip. 2. G Integrity, means that the Glass Block wall must prevent the penetration of smoke and ames for a specied time. 3. F Insulation in addition to G (Integrity), the Glass Block wall must prevent the penetration of heat radiation for a specied time. thirty

Product Specification

G Integrity Only

WFRC No. C82298 Appendix 1/a1.2

WFRC No. C82298 Appendix 1/a1.1

Fire resistance Classication to DIN 4102 Part 4/Part 13

Thickness of Glass Block wall

Certicates or Standards German

Glass Block types

Installation Type

Glass sizes

All sizes up to 240x240x80mm or 100m

80mm (100mm)

Z-19.14-1186

Single leaf

All types

Allowed

30 min

9 m2 6.0m 6.0m

G 30

190x190x80mm

DIN 4102 Part 4

Not allowed

Single leaf

All types

60 min

80mm

3.5m2 3.5m 6.0m

G 60

190x190x80mm

Z-19.14-526

198BSH 20

Single leaf

Allowed

90 min

80mm

9.0m2 3.5m 6.0m

G 90

190x190x80mm

DIN 4102 Part 4

Not allowed

Double leaf

120 min

All types

200mm

G 120

3.5m2 3.5m 6.0m

190x190x80mm

Z-19.14-527

Double leaf

198BSH 20

120 min

200mm

Allowed

G 120

4.4m2 3.5m 6.0m

190x190x80mm

Z-19.14-1196

Single leaf

Allowed

30 min

80mm

1930F

9.0m2 6.0m 6.0m

F 30

190x190x80mm

Z-19.14-525

Double leaf

198BSH 20

200mm

Allowed

60 min

4.4m2 3.5m 6.0m

F 60

190x190x160 mm

WFRC No. C82298 Appendix 1/a1.5

Z-19.14-1198

Single leaf

160mm

Allowed

1960 F

60 min

9.0m2 6.0m 6.0m

F 60

190x190x160 mm

WFRC No. C82298 Appendix 1/a1.6

Z-19.14-1197

Single leaf

160mm

Allowed

1990 F

90 min

9.0m2 6.0m 6.0m

F 90

Biotechnology Department UCD - Alpha White

Restaurant Curved Wall - Flemish White

Apartments - Flemish White with Prefabricated Corner Unit

Private Residence Samba Turquoise

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Amusement Arcade - Clear White

Bathroom - Clear Sahara White

Shopping mall - Flemish Turquoise

Conference Room - Clear White

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