Devyani Khobragade incident - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Devyani Khobragade incident

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

On December 11, 2013, Devyani Khobragade, then the Deputy Consul General of the Consulate General of India in New York City, was charged by U.S. authorities with committing visa fraud and providing false statements in order to gain entry to the United States for a woman of Indian nationality, for the potential employment as a domestic worker for Khobragade in New York.[1] Khobragade was arrested the next day by U.S. federal law enforcement authorities[2] and was then subjected to a search of her body cavities commonly called a "strip search".[3][4] Her arrest and treatment have received much media attention particularly in India, and have led to a major diplomatic standoff between India and the United States.[5][6] On December 18, 2013, Khobragade was transferred by the government of India to the UN mission in New York, subject to clearance from the United States Department of State, which would entitle her to full diplomatic immunity.[7] Her former post only entitled her to consular immunity.

Contents
1 Background 2 Arrest 2.1 Visa fraud charges 3 Reactions 3.1 Khobragade 3.2 India 3.3 United States 3.4 Sangeeta Richard 3.5 Human Rights Groups 4 Aftermath 5 References

Background
Devyani Khobragade, 39, is an Indian Foreign Service officer functioning as Deputy Consul General in the Consulate General of India in New York. She joined Indian Foreign Service in 1999. In her capacity of deputy consul general for India, she handled women's affairs as well as political and economic issues. Khobragade is married to an American citizen, New York-born Aakash Singh Rathore, a Professor at the University of Pennsylvania.[8] Khobragade hired Sangeeta Richard, 42, an Indian national, in November 2012 as a nanny and domestic servant, and arranged for a US visa to bring Richard to New York. Richard entered the U.S. under an A-3 visa, which is a non-immigrant visa and permits the holder to work anywhere in the US for a specified employer.[9] Her husband, Philip Richard, works as a driver with the Mozambique mission in New Delhi.[9] It has been reported that the mother-in-law of Sangeeta Richard was employed with a senior US diplomat, who was posted in India between 20022007. It is also reported that the father-in-law of Richard is still working in the US embassy in India.[10][11] Sangeeta Richard's whereabouts have been unknown since June 21, 2013, after which

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her Indian diplomatic passport was revoked.[9] On a complaint lodged by Khobragade, a Delhi Court issued a non-bailable arrest warrant against Sangeeta Richard on November 19, 2013, which was forwarded to US embassy for her immediate arrest.[12] Philip Richard, along with two children, went to the U.S. on December 10, 2013, two days before Khobragade's arrest, on a T visa; this visa permits victims of human trafficking and their close relatives to stay in the U.S. to testify against those accused of human trafficking crimes.[12][13] Indian media claimed that the cost of air tickets for Philip Richards, and two children Jennifer and Jatin, was paid by the U.S. Embassy to India.[14]

Arrest
Based on the charges filed by a special agent with the US Department of State, Bureau of Diplomatic Security, the United States Magistrate Judge Debra Freeman issued an arrest warrant against Khobragade. Khobragade was arrested by US Department of State's Diplomatic Security Service on December 12, 2013 around 9:30 am after dropping off her daughters at school on West 97th Street in Manhattan.[15] Indian media sources claimed that after her arrest, she was handcuffed, strip searched, DNA swabbed and subjected to a cavity search.[5][16][17][18] In response to the uproar about the incident, on December 19, 2013, Preet Bharara, U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York, made a rare statement which included a number of claims as to her arrest: 1. That Khobragade was not handcuffed or her phone seized.[19] 2. That for about two hours after her arrest, she was allowed to make numerous phone calls from inside the arresting officers' car because it was cold outside.[19] 3. That the arresting officers even brought her coffee and offered to get her food.[19] 4. That after arranging for child care for her children, Khobragade was taken to the federal courthouse in downtown Manhattan around noon where she was taken into the custody of U.S. Marshals Service and strip searched by a female Deputy Marshal in a private setting.[19] On December 18, 2013, Nikki Credic-Barrett, a spokeswoman for the U.S. Marshals Service, stated that Khobragade was strip searched but not subjected to a cavity search. Per agency regulations, a strip search can include a "visual inspection" of body cavities. Credic-Barrett also stated that anyone taken to holding cells of the New York federal courthouse is automatically subjected to a strip search if they are placed among other prisoners.[20] At the federal courthouse in downtown Manhattan, Khobragade was presented before a U.S. magistrate judge and released at 4 p.m. the same day on a $250,000 bond after pleading not guilty and surrendering her passport.[6]

Visa fraud charges

Khobragade was charged on December 11, 2013. The charges allege that she committed visa fraud willfully and under penalty of perjury under Title 28, United States Code, Section 1746. It further alleges that Khobragade submitted an employment contract to the U.S. Department of State, in support of a visa application filed by Khobragade for another individual, which she knew to contain materially false and fraudulent statements.[21] The visa fraud charge carries a maximum sentence of 10 years in prison and the false statements charge carries a maximum sentence of five years.[22]

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The complaint alleges that Khobragade and Sangeeta Richard verbally agreed in India to a starting salary of 25,000 rupees per month, plus an additional 5,000 rupees for overtime. Based on the exchange rate at that time, 30,000 rupees is equivalent to $573.07 U.S. dollars or about $3.31 an hour assuming a 40-hour work week.[21] Khobragade signed a written contract with Richard which stipulated her hourly salary in the U.S. would be $9.75 and that the normal working hours per week shall be 40. This contract was submitted to the U.S. government as part of the visa application where Khobragade stated Richard would be making "around $4,500 per month".[21] The complaint claims that Khobragade instructed Richard not to say anything to the embassy interviewer about being paid only 30,000 rupees per month, but to say she would be paid $9.75 and hour and work 40 hours a week.[21] The complaint then alleges that Khobragade asked Richard to sign another employment contract shortly before leaving India, which was not intended to be revealed to the U.S. government.[22] This second contract allegedly says she was to be paid an expected salary of Rs. 30,000 per month with no mention of sick days or vacation time.[21]

Reactions
Khobragade
In an email to her Indian diplomatic colleagues released to the media on December 18, 2013, Khobragade wrote:[23]

I am so grateful for all the outpouring of unequivocal support and backing that has been available to me from the fraternity. I take comfort in the confidence that this invaluable support will also be translated into strong and swift action, to ensure the safety of me and my children, as also to preserve the dignity of our service which is unquestionably under siege. While I was going through it, although I must admit that I broke down many times as the indignities of repeated handcuffing, stripping and cavity searches, swabbing, hold up with common criminals and drug addicts were all being imposed upon me despite my incessant assertions of immunity, I got the strength to regain composure and remain dignified thinking that I must represent all of my colleagues and my country with confidence and pride. I feel I can continue to do so thanks to this strong and prolific support.

India
In India, much of criticism of the actions of the US authorities centered on the claims made by Indian media that Khobragade was handcuffed in public, subjected to a strip search, and made to share a cell with "drug addicts".[24] Government officials and ministers in India reacted strongly against the arrest of the diplomat and cited the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations whereby diplomats enjoy immunity. US government officials maintain that they followed "standard procedures", and that Khobragade has only consular immunity, giving her protection from arrest related to her consular duties but not to crimes committed on US soil. India's Foreign Secretary Sujatha Singh registered a protest with the US ambassador to India Nancy Jo Powell. Powell clarified

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that immunity from US courts only applies to "acts performed in the exercise of consular functions."[25] In further protest, several senior politicians and officials from Indian government refused to meet the US Congressional delegation that was visiting India at that time. These included Speaker of the Lok Sabha Meira Kumar, Minister of Home Affairs Sushilkumar Shinde, Congress Vice President Rahul Gandhi and prime ministerial candidate of NDA for the upcoming 2014 Indian general elections and Chief Minister of Gujarat Narendra Modi.[6][5] The US Congressional delegation included representatives George Holding, Pete Olson, David Schweikert, Rob Woodall and Madeleine Bordallo.[26] Former Finance Minister Yashwant Sinha called for the arrest of same-sex companions of US diplomats, citing the Supreme Court of India's recent upholding of Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code.[27][28] The Indian government asked US consular officers posted in India to return all identity cards.[6][5] On December 17, 2013, Delhi Police removed security barricades on the road outside the US Embassy in New Delhi, citing need for improvement of traffic flow in that area.[29] India has demanded an unconditional apology from the US government[29] and asked the details of the salaries of all domestic help, gardeners and other staff employed by US consulates in India to check for inconsistency or frauds.[29] India moved to block perks such as alcohol and food imports at concessional rates, for embassy employees.[30] On December 18, 2013, the Prime Minister of India, Manmohan Singh, criticised the actions of the US authorities as "deplorable".[31] Bahujan Samaj Party leader Mayawati complained that the Indian government was not reacting strongly enough, asserting that it was insufficiently supportive to Khobragade because she belonged to a Dalit caste.[32] Protests took place outside the US consulates in New Delhi,[33] Mumbai,[33] Chennai[34] and Hyderabad.[31][33]
[35][36]

United States
On December 18, 2013, John Kerry expressed regret over the arrest and strip-search of the Indian diplomat Devyani Khobragade and empathised as a father of two daughters at similar age as Khobragade.[37] Preet Bharara, U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York, the top federal law-enforcement post for Manhattan, whose office had filed the charges,[38][39] defended the handling of the arrest and custody, though his office was not involved. He claimed that Khobragade was accorded courtesies well beyond what other defendants, most of whom are American citizens, are accorded.[22] He cited multiple examples of courtesy, including permitting Khobragade to retain her phone to make several phone calls over the course of two hours while seated in the arresting officer's car because it was cold outside. Khobragade was permitted to make as many phone calls as she needed to make personal arrangements, including child care for her daughters. The arresting officers even got her coffee and offered to get her food. Bharara defended the strip search of Kobhragade as routine procedure followed by the US Marshal Service in the interest of everyone's safety.[19][40] On the evening of December 19, 2013, US under secretary of state for political affairs Wendy Sherman called up Indian foreign secretary Sujatha Singh to convey regrets regarding the episode. Sherman offered a consular dialogue between India and US to resolve the problems of domestic staff and immunity issue.[41] Sherman spoke with Indian Foreign Secretary Sujatha Singh to stress the importance of ties following the arrest details and pledged to work through the complex issues of the case.[42]

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On December 19, State Department Spokeswoman Marie Harf told reporters Washington is not pressuring U.S. law enforcement to drop the case.

Sangeeta Richard
Sangeeta Richard, the domestic worker in the Khobragade case, is being represented by Safe Horizon, a victim assistance agency. On December 20, 2013 Dana Sussman, Staff Attorney in the anti-trafficking programme at Safe Horizon said there was "frustration and disappointment that the media and the officials portrayed this story in the way that they have."[43] Sussman also denied claims that Richard had sought to extort money from Khobragde after leaving her employment."She essentially worked very long hours, was isolated within the home, and attempted to ask for more time off, ask for more reasonable hours, but those attempts to resolve the issues were unsuccessful." Describing Richard's reaction to the publicity surrounding the case, Sussman said "It's quite overwhelming for her. I think she's been frustrated with the response that somehow has been on the victimization of the defendant."[44] In court papers filed in Delhi, Richard's husband Phillip alleged that she was required to work from 6 am to 11pm every day, with just two hours off on Sunday to go to church.[45] He also claimed that money was deducted from Richard's wages when she fell ill, and that Uttam Khobragade, Devyani's father, had threatened the Richard family with abduction and false drugs allegations if Richard complained about her treatment.[45]

Human Rights Groups

On December 20 a group of nearly fifty people representing migrant domestic workers protested for an hour outside the Indian Consulate in New York City. Among the rights groups were Safe Horizon, the victim assistance agency representing Richard, The National Domestic Workers Alliance, Damayan Migrant Workers Association and the National Guestworker Alliance. Yomara Velez of the National Domestic Workers Alliance said "We are calling for a fair trial and compensation for Richard. There is a larger issue here about diplomatic immunity and about how do we provide basic labour protections for all domestic workers not just in the US but globally as well."[46]

Aftermath
The Indian government has moved Khobragade to a permanent Indian Mission at the United Nations, New York which may provide her with diplomatic immunity.[47][48] The US State Department has clarified that full diplomatic immunity which she might receive in that post would not be retroactive.[49] On December 23, 2013, the United Nations approved a request from India to accredit Khobragade,[50] but also stated that US approval was still needed.[51] Khobhragade was granted an exemption from personally appearing in court for the case.[52]

References
1. ^ Who is Devyani Khobragade? Times Of India (http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Who-isDevyani-Khobragade/articleshow/27659238.cms) 2. ^ "Diplomat's Arrest in New York" (http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/18/world /asia/outrage-in-india-over-female-diplomats-arrestin-new-york.html?_r=0). New York Times. Retrieved December 17, 2013. 3. ^ "Indian official: Diplomat's arrest in NYC barbaric" (http://news.yahoo.com/indian-officialdiplomat-39-arrest-nyc-barbaric-105440734.html). Associated Press. Retrieved December 29, 2013.

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4. ^ "US admits diplomat Devyani Khobragade stripsearched as India launches reprisals over arrest" (http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-12-18/an-indiaus-diplomat-arrest/5163076). Australia Network News. Retrieved December 29, 2013. 5. ^ a b c d "Row deepens" (http://www.bbc.co.uk /news/world-asia-india-25411876). BBC. Retrieved December 17, 2013. 6. ^ a b c d "India takes US head on" (http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politicsand-nation/devyani-khobragade-case-india-takesus-head-on-shinde-modi-refuse-to-meet-americandelegation/articleshow/27517995.cms). The Economic Times. Retrieved December 17, 2013. 7. ^ India accuses US of immigration fraud, transfers Devyani to permanent mission at UN (http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Indiaaccuses-US-of-immigration-fraud-transfers-Devyanito-permanent-mission-at-UN/articleshow /27597737.cms) December 18, 2013 8. ^ "More skeletons tumble out of Devyani Khobragade's cupboard" (http://www.firstpost.com /world/more-skeletons-tumble-out-of-devyanikhobragades-cupboard-1301929.html). 9. ^ a b c "Who is Sangeeta Richard?" (http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com /2013-12-20/india/45416020_1_visa-complaintdelhi-police). 10. ^ "Family Connections with US Embassy" (http://www.deccanchronicle.com/131218/newscurrent-affairs/article/diplomats-arrest-us-outrageparliament-govt-vows-strong-action). 11. ^ Arora, Kamna (December 18, 2013). "India moves Devyani Khobragade to UN, accuses US of committing visa fraud" (http://zeenews.india.com /news/nation/india-moves-devyani-khobragade-to-unaccuses-us-of-committing-visa-fraud_897616.html). Zee News. Retrieved December 18, 2013. 12. ^ a b Parashar, Sachin (December 18, 2013). "Timeline of Devyani Khobragade case" (http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com /2013-12-18/india/45336280_1_maid-delhi-courtissues-delhi-hc). The Times of India. Retrieved December 23, 2013. 13. ^ P T I (December 18, 2013). "Was US govt aware of whereabouts of Devyani Khobragade's maid?" (http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com /2013-12-18/news/45338377_1_maid-whereaboutsgovernment). The Economic Times. Retrieved December 23, 2013.

14. ^ P T I (December 24, 2013). "Devyani Khobragade case: US embassy paid for air tickets of domestic help's family, say sources" (http://www.ndtv.com /article/india/devyani-khobragade-case-us-embassypaid-for-air-tickets-of-domestic-help-s-familysay-sources-462316). NDTV. Retrieved December 24, 2013. 15. ^ "Devyani Khobragade reveals how she 'broke down' after 'stripping and cavity searches' as row between U.S. and India deepens" (http://news.nationalpost.com/2013/12/18/devyanikhobragade-reveals-how-she-broke-down-afterstripping-and-cavity-searches-as-row-betweenu-s-and-india-deepens/). National Post. December 18, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2013. 16. ^ "Devyani Khobragade diplomat row LIVE: Salman Khurshid refuses to comment on the US's refusal to withdraw charges" (http://www.dnaindia.com/india /report-devyani-khobragade-diplomat-row-indiaaccuses-us-of-visa-fraud-gives-diplomatfull-immunity-1936700). 17. ^ "Decoding the Khobragade controversy" (http://www.dailymail.co.uk/indiahome/indianews /article-2526067/Decoding-Khobragade-controversyHow-row-maids-visa-sparked-scale-diplomaticincident.html). 18. ^ "Devyani Khobragade put through cavity search because her crime of visa fraud is a felony," (http://zeenews.india.com/news/nation/devyanikhobragade-put-through-cavity-search-like-criminalsby-us_897584.html). Zee News. December 18, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2013. 19. ^ a b c d e Bharara, Preet (December 19, 2013). "Statement of Manhattan U.S. Attorney Preet Bharara on U.S. v. Devyani Khobragade" (http://www.justice.gov/usao/nys/pressreleases /December13/KhobragadeStatement.php) (Press release). New York City, USA: The United States Attorneys Office Southern District of New York. Retrieved December 23, 2013. 20. ^ "Kerry expresses regret over strip search of arrested Indian diplomat" (http://www.cbsnews.com /news/kerry-expresses-regret-over-strip-searchof-arrested-indian-diplomat/). 21. ^ a b c d e Mathur, Aneesha. "Leading to Devyani's arrest, a verbal deal and 'two contracts'" (http://www.financialexpress.com/news/leadingto-devyanis-arrest-a-verbal-deal-and-two-contracts /1209391). 22. ^ a b c "Arrest, strip-search of Indian diplomat in New York triggers uproar" (http://www.cnn.com /2013/12/17/politics/india-us-diplomat/).

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23. ^ "Devyani Khobragade letter to her colleagues: The full text" (http://www.washingtonpost.com/world /devyani-khobrogade-letter-to-her-colleaguesthe-full-text/2013/12/18/aaad7018-6804-11e3ae56-22de072140a2_story.html). Washington Post. 2013-12-18. Retrieved 2013-12-27. 24. ^ "Devyani Khobragade: India-US diplomat row escalates" (http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/worldasia-india-25411876). BBC News. December 17, 2013. 25. ^ Parashar, Sachin (December 15, 2013). "India, US fight over Devyani Khobragade's immunity" (http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com /2013-12-15/india/45215624_1_immunity-viennaconvention-sujatha-singh). The Times of India. 26. ^ Magnier, Mark (December 17, 2013). "India snubs U.S. delegation, withdraws security over diplomat's arrest" (http://www.latimes.com/world/worldnow /la-fg-wn-india-us-diplomat-arrest20131217,0,458772.story). Los Angeles Times. 27. ^ Buncombe, Andrew (December 17, 2013). "India-US row over arrest of diplomat Devyani Khobragade in New York escalates" (http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world /asia/indiaus-row-over-arrest-of-diplomat-devyanikhobragade-in-new-york-escalates-9011080.html). The Independent. 28. ^ "Punish US diplomats with same sex companions: Yashwant Sinha" (http://www.business-standard.com /article/current-affairs/punish-us-diplomatswith-same-sex-companions-yashwant-sinha113121700928_1.html). Business Standard. December 17, 2013. 29. ^ a b c "India demands apology" (http://www.firstpost.com/india/devyani-live-indiademands-unconditional-apology-from-us1291025.html). Firstpost India. Retrieved December 17, 2013. 30. ^ India blocks cheap booze for US diplomats after envoy's arrest and strip-search in NYC World News (http://worldnews.nbcnews.com/_news /2013/12/18/21950429-india-blocks-cheap-boozefor-us-diplomats-after-envoys-arrest-and-stripsearch-in-nyc?lite) 31. ^ a b "Diplomat arrest: PM says US action deplorable, Khurshid smells rat" (http://www.hindustantimes.com/indianews/diplomat-arrest-pm-says-us-action-deplorablekhurshid-smells-rat/article1-1164117.aspx). New Delhi: Hindustan Times. December 18, 2013. Retrieved December 19, 2013.

32. ^ "Govt approach on diplomat issue shows anti-dalit mentality: Mayawat", Times of India, Dec 18, 2013 (http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Govtapproach-on-diplomat-issue-shows-anti-dalitmentality-Mayawati/articleshow /27594045.cms?utm_source=facebook.com& utm_medium=referral) 33. ^ a b c "Anti-US protests in India" (http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/antius-protests-in-india/photostory/27597533.cms). 34. ^ "Indian diplomat row: Congress workers protest outside US Consulate General campus" (http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-indiandiplomat-row-congress-workers-protest-outsideus-consulate-general-campus-1937334). Chennai: Daily News and Analysis. December 18, 2013. Retrieved December 19, 2013. 35. ^ "Protest near US Consulate over Ill Treatment of Diplomat" (http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities /hyderabad/Protest-near-US-Consulate-over-IllTreatment-of-Diplomat/2013/12 /17/article1949605.ece). Hyderabad: The New Indian Express. December 17, 2013. Retrieved December 19, 2013. 36. ^ Father aspired for berth in RS, daughter has Adarsh flat & more Indian Express (http://www.indianexpress.com/news/father-aspiredfor-berth-in-rs-daughter-has-adarsh-flat--more/1209401/0) 37. ^ John Kerry was aware of Indian diplomat Devyani Khobragade's arrest: US State Department : Americas, News India Today (http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/john-kerry-awareof-devyani-khobragade-arrest-us-state-department /1/331868.html) 38. ^ Brar, Namrata (December 17, 2013). "Indian diplomat arrested in US for alleged visa fraud, handcuffed in public" (http://www.ndtv.com/article /india/indian-diplomat-arrested-in-us-for-allegedvisa-fraud-handcuffed-in-public-458143). NDTV.com. 39. ^ Brar, Namrata (December 13, 2013). "India summons US ambassador to protest diplomat being handcuffed" (http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/indiasummons-us-ambassador-to-protest-diplomat-beinghandcuffed-458396?curl=1387307349). NDTV.com. 40. ^ Strip-searched Indian diplomat's attorney: U.S. was 'muscle-flexing' CNN.com (http://www.cnn.com /2013/12/19/politics/india-us-diplomat/)

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41. ^ Diplomat's arrest: US distances itself from Preet Bharara's comments; India wants apology, case dropped Times Of India (http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Diplomatsarrest-US-distances-itself-from-Preet-Bhararascomments-India-wants-apology-case-dropped /articleshow/27666819.cms) 42. ^ U.S. tries again to calm India over accused diplomat | Reuters (http://www.reuters.com/article /2013/12/19/us-indiausa-idUSBRE9BI0JE20131219) 43. ^ "Devyani grossly underpaid domestic worker, say lawyers" (http://www.thehindu.com /news/international/world/maid-in-diplomatrow-frustrated-over-portrayal-of-hercase/article5478013.ece). The Hindu. December 20, 2013. Retrieved December 20, 2013. 44. ^ "Lawyer: Sangeeta Richard did not extort money from Devyani Khobragade" (http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com /2013-12-20/news/45418104_1_workvisa-housekeeper-u-s-embassy). Economic Times. December 20, 2013. Retrieved December 20, 2013. 45. ^ a b "The Other Side of the Story" (http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?288935). Outlook India. Retrieved 2013-12-27. 46. ^ "Khobragade affair: Protests for Sangeeta Richard in New York; against US in Chennai" (http://www.hindustantimes.com/indianews/khobragade-affair-protests-for-sangeeta-richardin-new-york-against-us-in-chennai /article1-1165035.aspx). Hindustan Times. December 21, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2013.

47. ^ "Devyani Khobragade transferred to UN mission, can apply for full diplomatic immunity" (http://www.ndtv.com/article/cheat-sheet/devyanikhobragade-transferred-to-un-mission-can-applyfor-full-diplomatic-immunity-460021). NDTV.com. December 18, 2013. Retrieved December 19, 2013. 48. ^ "Devyani Khobragade case: As it happened on Wednesday..." (http://zeenews.india.com/news/nation /india-shifts-devyani-khobragade-to-un-missionensures-full-diplomatic-immunity_897616.html). zeenews.india.com. December 18, 2013. Retrieved December 19, 2013. 49. ^ "No retroactive immunity for Devyani, says U.S" (http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/world /no-retroactive-immunity-for-devyani-says-us /article5481901.ece). The Hindu. December 21, 2013. Retrieved December 23, 2013. 50. ^ "U.N. approves India's request to accredit diplomat charged by U.S." (http://in.reuters.com /article/2013/12/23/india-usa-unidINL2N0K20UD20131223). 51. ^ "Accused Indian diplomat needs US OK for UN job" (http://www.washingtonpost.com/world /asia_pacific/accused-indian-diplomatnow-registered-at-un/2013/12/23 /01407922-6c18-11e3a5d0-6f31cd74f760_story.html). Washington Post. Associated Press. December 23, 2013. Retrieved December 24, 2013. 52. ^ "Thaw in India-US stand-off over Devyani Khobragade issue" (http://www.livemint.com/Politics /ZlvbeolgVgk6XspKJUKy1I/Devyani-Khobragadeexempted-from-appearing-in-US-court.html).

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