1.

Background Knowledge (不包括考文獻,半頁至一頁)

有關各種技術製作 LED surface roughening or other related techniquea for

light extraction efficiency enhancement, 至少包括 photonic crystal, other

nanostructures, surface plasmon coupling 以及其他方法,請 search 完整之文獻,歸

類後做一 review,此部份主要 review 別人做的,但也要提到自己做的. 必須引述

參考文獻(可以多到 20 條),每一條參考文獻必須包括所有作者名字,文章 title,

volumn number, 前後 page numbers, and year. (像 Optics Express 內格式,但不必

有 website)

A S GaNbased light emitting diodes (LEDs) have become widely used in flat panel

displays, one emerging task in reducing the cost of the panels is by adopting a

polarized light source so that the polarizer between the backlight module and liquid crystal

is not needed. Therefore, the study of polarized LEDs has attracted much interest. A

straight forward approach to achieve the polarized light is to define nano-scale patterns on

the chip surface, thus filtering out the undesired polarization or converting it to a certain

polarization direction. Partially polarized output of green LEDs on a c-plane substrate was

demonstrated by coupling surface plasmonsin the 1-dimensional Ag grating structure [1].

Also, polarization behaviors have been observed from photonic crystal LEDs in different

lattice directions [2]. Furthermore, polarized results were shown from LEDs packaged

with backside reflectors that collect sidewall emission [3]. There are also reports that
focus on the epitaxial properties, GaNbased material in particular, that lead to polarized

light emission [4-6]. Generally, a quantum confined Stark effect (QCSE) is observed for

InGaNgrown on the c-plane sapphire substrate. It alters the valence band structures and

thus results in a nonpolarlight emission. On the other hand, nonpolar- and semi-polar-

oriented nitride materials have enabled partially polarized light output. Therefore,

polarized LEDs have been demonstrated using m-plane or a-plane sapphire substrates [7,

8].

2. Research Approach (不包括圖示,半頁至一頁) -- 必須有元件結構圖

寫寫你自己以 nanoparticle and nanorod 方法為求提高 light extraction or

polarization discrimination 下一步該如何做之想法(包括與其他方法結合),或你

認為有關課題值得做的.

we investigated the polarization behaviors of laterally propagated light diffraction from

nanorodssurrounding the light emitting mesa. We used a similar nanorod fabrication technology

similar to our previous reported work on the enhancement of light output from LEDs encompassed

with nanorods[9]. With a proper design of the light emitting pattern, a polarized light output is
demonstrated. The nanorod acts as the grating structure in the vertical direction, which possesses the

property of polarization selectivity.

3. Review 有關你過去自己做相關成果,可以先做一文字描述 summarize,加上幾

個關鍵結果圖示(圖示須有說明),最後列出相關 journal publication list, 格示如

前所提之參考文獻.此部份包括 publication list, 可以長至三頁.

We studied the polarization behavior of the devices with nanorodssurrounding the light emitting

mesa. At the radiated angle 0˚, s-polarized light dominatessince the injected carriers choose to fill up

the lowest |x> energy state. The p/s polarized ratio increases with the radiated angle and eventually

saturates as the |y> state starts contributing to the p-polarizedlight. And a dip between 15˚ and 50˚ is

observed due to the difference of refractive indices in different crystal directions. For a device with
nanorods, the polarized ratio at all radiated angles is larger than that of the device without rods. The

p/s ratio of the LED with nanorods is 1.96 at 90˚, and is 1.52 when the integrating intensity between 0˚

and 90˚ is considered.

(a)

(b)

Fig. 2 (a) Radiation profiles of the devices with and without nanorods biased at an injection current 1mA (b) The p/s polarized

ratios at various radiated angles.