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The surprising truth about why todays college students arent graduating ... and what needs to change
Time Is the Enemy n 1
September 2011
CONTENTS
Time is the enemy Methodology 2 4
residential colleges, and have most of their bills paid by their parents. n Part-time students rarely graduate. Even when given twice as long to complete certificates and degrees, no more than a quarter ever make it to graduation day. n Poor students and students of color struggle the most to graduate. Even though more of these students than ever before are enrolling in college, too few end up with certificates or degrees. Given changing demographics,
our country will simply not be economically competitive if these students dont succeed. n Students are taking too many credits and too much time to complete. Excessive course-taking is slowing down progress to certificates and degrees. And students are spending too much time in school. n Remediation is broken, producing few students who ultimately graduate. Sadly, efforts intended to catch students up are most often leaving them behind.
Methodology
The data presented in this report were provided by the 33 participating states themselves, using the Complete College America/National Governors Association Common Completion Metrics. National findings in each category were based on the calculated medians of the state data. More than 10 million students enroll in public institutions annually in the states whose data are captured in these findings a clear majority of American students in public colleges and universities today. While we recognize that there may be some variance in the data higher education institutions provided to their states, the significant number of students represented means that the most alarming trends can be traced across all of the states represented in these findings.
Part 1:
75%
75% of students are college commuters, often juggling families, jobs, and school.
25%
25% of students attend fulltime at residential colleges.
And if they attend part-time, the federal government doesnt even track their success as if theyre invisible.
Finding 1 Action
6 n Complete College America
Finding 2
Too few students graduate. For part-timers, results are tragic even when they have twice as much time.
Full-time Part-time
27.8%
12.2%
18.8%
7.8%
60.6%
24.3%
Action
Its time to rethink scheduling and programs to help more students attend full-time.
Tennessee: Only Tennessee has a statewide approach to helping students balance work and school. The 27 Tennessee Tech Centers have average completion rates of 75 percent, with some centers regularly graduating all of their students. Unlike traditional approaches, students enroll in whole academic programs rather than individual courses, streamlining the path to completion by removing the burdens and confusion of individual course selection and availability. Programs are offered from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m., Monday through Friday, providing students with scheduling predictability so they can keep jobs while going to school.
Finding 3
Graduation odds are especially low for students who are African American, Hispanic, older, or poor.
Full-time Part-time
4-year bachelors in 6 years 1-year certificate in 1.5 years 2-year associate in 3 years 4-year bachelors in 6 years 2-year associate in 3 years
African American
15.0% Hispanic
7.5%
39.9%
7.8%
2.1%
14.5%
18.5%
11.1%
46.5%
9.1%
2.6%
16.7%
30.2%
14.4%
27.0%
11.3%
4.6%
10.6%
23.1%
11.8%
45.2%
10.9%
4.3%
17.3%
Action
Its time for completion, not just enrollment, to become the goal.
Finding 4
excess
needed
Action
that students will earn unnecessary and excessive credits, colleges and universities lose their state subsidy for students who exceed a certain credit-hour threshold. Additionally, students are charged out-of-state tuition if they exceed limits for repeating courses or if they take classes that have content essentially identical to ones they have already completed.
comprehensive degree acceleration strategies such as dual enrollment (allowing students to earn college credit while in high school), early admission, credit by examination, and Advanced Placement/International Baccalaureate credit. These strategies are made possible through a common course-numbering system that allows credits from two-year colleges to be easily transferred to four-year institutions.
Finding 5
Remediation: Too many students need it, and too few succeed when they get it.
Remedial classes have become the Bermuda Triangle of higher education. Most students are lost, and few will ever be seen on graduation day. f those seeking an associate 50.1% o degree require remediation those seeking a bachelors 20.7% of degree require remediation
22.6%
13.1%
13.9%
9.5%
55.7%
35.1%
Action
Time is running out Five essential steps that states should take right now
1. Count all students, set state- and campus-level goals, and uniformly measure progress and success. By providing data for this report, 33 states have already
proven that its possible to count the success of every student. And the 29 governors who have pledged to fulfill the commitments of membership in the Alliance of States are setting goals and reinventing higher education to create the conditions for higher achievement. More states should do the same. And the federal government should try to catch up by filling damaging gaps in the national database, raising the standard of measurement, and counting every student in our country.
2. Reduce the time it takes to earn a certificate or degree. The surest path to more college completions is the shortest one.
This does not mean dumbing down courses or undermining quality. Ensure that unnecessary credit requirements are not added to certificate and degree programs. Demand robust, comprehensive transfer agreements across campuses, systems, and states so students can easily take their hard-earned credits with them instead of losing valuable time when they must continually start over.
3. Transform remediation so that students earn as quickly as possible college credits that count. Its
been proven: Current remediation approaches dont make it more likely that students will graduate. Fixing remediation now may be the best thing we can do to boost college completion. And its clear what needs to be done: Start as many underprepared students as possible in first-year, full-credit classes. Do this by adding extra class time and tutoring support, but dont make the students wait to earn credits that count toward their degrees.
College students today are going to have to work while trying to graduate. What else can they do when college is so expensive? Our response simply cannot be indifference. The best approaches block classes: Students attend full-time by learning from 8 a.m. to 2 p.m., five days a week. Even better, create cohorts so similar students can support one another. Complicated lives are easier when people who understand can lean on one another.
already have, and theyre benefitting from access to a hearty band of impatient reformers and experts in higher education policy and practice who understand the necessity of making changes now that can significantly boost college completion. Theres no question: A vital movement is building across America to boost college completion. Since time is the enemy, why wait to get on board?
Part 2:
Total degrees and certificates 200203 Arizona Arkansas California (CSU system only) Colorado Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Kentucky Louisiana Maryland Massachusetts Minnesota Mississippi* Missouri Nevada New Hampshire New Mexico North Carolina Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania (PASSHE system only) South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Virginia Washington West Virginia Wyoming 30,014 14,922 150,000 25,031 95,697 39,731 5,564 7,301 57,549 34,689 19,805 24,822 25,681 22,883 25,427 NA 25,217 6,875 11,518 10,672 35,273 52,605 21,460 18,874 26,642 3,260 22,109 107,577 20,272 37,397 40,646 9,498 1,990 200708 37,020 17,848 169,755 27,752 121,820 46,850 5,799 7,588 61,623 37,415 27,454 24,279 30,107 25,020 28,197 NA 27,842 9,145 11,777 13,411 39,029 59,979 24,309 20,678 32,160 3,939 24,596 128,928 21,167 42,943 40,993 11,193 2,376 Percent increase 23.3% 19.6% 13.2% 10.9% 27.3% 17.9% 4.2% 3.9% 7.1% 7.9% 38.6% -2.2% 17.2% 9.3% 10.9% NA 10.4% 33.0% 2.2% 25.7% 10.6% 14.0% 13.3% 9.6% 20.7% 20.8% 11.2% 19.8% 4.4% 14.8% 0.8% 17.8% 19.4% 200203 5,779 2,046 14,485 1,832 26,571 10,121 219 955 4,843 2,721 2,039 2,890 364 2,030 6,543 1,911 1,121 285 122 1,452 4,571 1,546 572 1,405 1,787 16 364 17,216 1,059 1,073 5,144 109 326
Certificates 200708 7,138 3,178 13,534 1,755 34,830 9,055 234 694 5,469 2,929 5,876 3,168 525 2,132 5,892 2,599 1,382 307 138 2,411 2,603 2,743 346 1,322 2,532 17 468 16,025 448 1,220 4,231 353 346 Percent increase 23.5% 55.3% -6.6% -4.2% 31.1% -10.5% 6.8% -27.3% 12.9% 7.6% 188.2% 9.6% 44.2% 5.0% -9.9% 36.0% 23.3% 7.7% 13.1% 66.0% -43.1% 77.4% -39.5% -5.9% 41.7% 6.3% 28.6% -6.9% -57.7% 13.7% -17.7% 223.9% 6.1%
* Two-year data from Mississippi are from 200506, rather than 200203. We could not calculate total degree production for Mississippi because two-year and four-year data are from different years. NA = Not applicable
Note: As part of our Completion Innovation Challenge, states were asked to submit the comprehensive data found in this report. Seventeen states chose not to participate. Four of these states Connecticut, Maine, Rhode Island, and Vermont already have committed to major improvements in their postsecondary programs by joining our Alliance of States.
NP = The state did not provide data for this metric. DS = Fewer than 10 students, so data were suppressed.
In 1 year NP DS NP 34.3% 15.8% 21.0% 40.9% 35.0% NP 39.5% 42.0% 14.7% 16.4% 53.5% NP 49.3% 22.0% NP NP 1.79% 41.0% 14.2% NP 33.8% NP NP NP 3.7% DS 1.0% 21.0% NP DS
In 2 years NP DS NP 35.7% 25.9% 30.0% 47.7% 42.0% NP 51.2% 45.7% 25.2% 20.2% 60.5% NP 51.1% 30.0% NP NP 3.1% 43.6% 20.1% NP 42.0% NP NP NP 5.7% DS 3.0% 29.5% NP DS
NP = The state did not provide data for this metric. DS = Fewer than 10 students, so data were suppressed.
In 1.5 years NP DS NP 32.2% 12.3% 27.3% NP NP 16.0% DS DS DS NP DS NP DS DS NP NP 2.5% 47.9% DS DS DS NP NP DS 4.0% DS DS 13.0% DS DS
In 1.5 years NP DS NP DS 24.5% 25.2% NP 30.6% 17.4% DS DS 25.5% DS DS NP DS DS NP NP 2.5% 49.2% DS DS 40.7% NP NP DS 2.4% DS DS 25.9% DS DS
* New Mexico data show graduation rates for two years, rather than 1.5 years. NP = The state did not provide data for this metric. DS = Fewer than 10 students, so data were suppressed.
In 1 year 7.6% 15.6% NP 30.5% 12.5% 16.8% DS 24.1% 7.7% 11.4% 30.2% DS DS 22.1% NP 37.0% 21.5% NP NP 1.0% 22.8% 8.7% DS 22.2% NP NP NP 1.9% DS DS 12.9% DS 38.2%
In 1.5 years 17.0% 17.7% NP 31.1% 21.0% 22.8% DS 29.5% 12.5% 18.2% 32.1% 16.1% 10.1% 22.1% NP 40.1% 24.2% NP NP NP 23.1% 13.5% DS 36.2% NP NP NP 2.9% DS 2.0% 23.7% DS 38.2%
In 2 years 21.7% 30.6% NP 32.3% 26.1% 25.6% DS 33.9% 15.9% 20.5% 32.1% 25.8% 10.1% 22.1% NP 40.9% 24.2% NP NP 1.9% 23.5% 16.1% DS 42.1% NP NP NP 3.8% DS 3.0% 29.4% DS 52.7%
In 1 year 6.3% 17.6% NP 31.9% 8.6% 16.5% DS 26.3% 17.4% DS DS 3.2% DS 39.3% NP 33.3% 28.3% NP NP 4.7% 42.5% 6.4% DS 31.5% NP NP NP 4.4% DS DS 17.5% DS DS
In 1.5 years 11.1% 18.5% NP 31.9% 11.5% 21.5% DS 30.1% 20.3% DS DS 17.9% DS 39.3% NP 34.2% 30.4% NP NP NP 43.0% 7.9% DS 37.0% NP NP NP 5.5% DS 7.0% 23.0% DS DS
In 2 years 14.4% 34.7% NP 37.7% 14.3% 23.3% DS 30.8% 22.7% DS DS 25.6% DS 39.3% NP 35.4% 30.4% NP NP 5.5% 43.2% 10.6% DS 42.5% NP NP NP 6.3% DS 7.0% 26.6% DS DS
In 1 year 4.3% 24.2% NP 39.6% 14.0% 24.8% DS 26.0% 27.5% 22.4% 47.1% 4.3% 35.5% 50.0% NP 38.1% 30.0% NP NP 7.3% 50.1% 11.2% DS 33.1% NP NP NP 9.1% DS DS 20.4% DS DS
In 1.5 years 9.7% 27.4% NP 41.6% 15.9% 30.2% DS 31.5% 31.6% 25.2% 55.9% 28.3% 38.7% 53.1% NP 38.7% 30.0% NP NP NP 51.5% 15.1% DS 38.9% NP NP NP 10.7% DS 9.0% 25.6% DS DS
In 2 years 13.3% 44.8% NP 43.6% 17.2% 32.1% DS 34.6% 36.6% 27.2% 55.9% 35.1% 38.7% 53.1% NP 39.9% 30.0% NP NP 9.5% 51.7% 16.7% DS 42.7% NP NP NP 11.7% DS 10.0% 27.6% DS DS
NP = The state did not provide data for this metric. DS = Fewer than 10 students, so data were suppressed.
NP = The state did not provide data for this metric. DS = Fewer than 10 students, so data were suppressed.
NP = The state did not provide data for this metric. DS = Fewer than 10 students, so data were suppressed.
In 3 years 11.9% 10.6% NP 11.0% 14.1% 14.8% DS 9.9% 12.9% 12.4% DS DS 9.1% 7.2% NP 16.9% 12.1% 9.8% NP 5.5% 12.7% 5.5% 11.3% 10.9% NP DS 11.9% 7.2% 8.4% 11.6% 20.4% DS 26.0%
In 3 years 15.0% 13.8% NP 8.6% 21.2% 11.6% 12.3% 15.8% 15.6% 9.4% 6.7% 1.9% 11.1% 13.5% NP 11.6% 14.7% 14.1% NP 5.2% 10.4% 8.7% 20.1% 15.9% NP DS 18.8% 9.0% 13.4% 20.1% 24.7% DS 27.2%
NP = The state did not provide data for this metric. DS = Fewer than 10 students, so data were suppressed.
In 2 years 7.6% 5.8% NP 9.1% 5.8% 4.8% 2.5% 9.6% 9.3% 5.8% 1.8% 0.6% 4.4% 4.1% NP 11.3% 11.0% 3.4% NP 2.8% 6.6% 2.8% 9.2% 6.5% NP DS 7.1% 3.2% 11.5% 4.0% 14.0% 6.0% 14.4%
In 3 years 17.0% 14.8% NP 15.0% 20.0% 13.9% 11.8% 18.8% 23.1% 14.8% 8.3% 3.8% 13.2% 14.7% NP 18.2% 20.9% 11.3% NP 4.7% 12.2% 9.8% 18.9% 16.2% NP 6.4% 20.4% 8.2% 19.5% 16.0% 28.0% 13.7% 25.9%
In 4 years 21.7% 18.8% NP 18.4% 28.4% 18.8% 18.7% 22.6% 28.8% 21.2% 13.3% 6.5% 19.1% 20.1% NP 20.9% 24.4% 16.3% NP 6.2% 16.6% 17.7% 23.4% 21.3% NP 6.4% 25.4% 11.8% 25.7% 21.0% 33.0% 18.1% 30.9%
In 2 years 6.3% 1.6% NP 5.6% 3.2% 4.1% 4.3% 5.9% 10.3% 2.7% DS 1.1% 5.0% 4.9% NP 7.0% 3.9% 3.8% NP 4.8% 9.9% 2.1% 10.2% 6.3% NP DS 2.0% 2.3% 4.7% 4.0% 10.0% 2.6% 32.6%
In 3 years 11.1% 6.8% NP 8.5% 9.8% 9.8% 12.1% 13.6% 17.2% 8.0% 5.3% 4.0% 9.7% 11.8% NP 10.7% 9.0% 9.9% NP 7.7% 13.2% 6.6% 16.3% 13.9% NP DS 8.2% 5.3% 9.8% 13.0% 20.0% 6.9% 40.3%
In 4 years 14.4% 8.9% NP 11.4% 15.1% 12.7% 15.4% 18.2% 20.9% 11.3% 9.4% 5.9% 13.6% 15.7% NP 12.8% 11.0% 16.0% NP 9.9% 15.2% 11.2% 19.1% 18.0% NP DS 10.5% 7.9% 13.2% 17.0% 25.0% 9.7% 43.5%
In 2 years 4.3% 3.7% NP 7.6% 2.7% 6.4% 9.2% 7.7% 8.8% 6.3% 2.8% 2.2% 5.0% 7.3% NP 11.0% 5.8% 5.9% NP 7.3% 16.4% 3.7% 12.3% 4.9% NP DS 4.2% 3.3% 2.3% 5.0% 14.0% 4.8% 42.2%
In 3 years 9.7% 13.6% NP 13.2% 8.4% 15.0% 16.5% 15.4% 16.3% 14.8% 11.7% 5.9% 10.4% 14.9% NP 17.4% 13.2% 12.2% NP 11.1% 21.6% 10.1% 21.0% 10.0% NP DS 30.9% 8.3% 5.0% 15.0% 24.0% 14.2% 52.3%
In 4 years 13.3% 19.2% NP 16.6% 12.4% 18.9% 21.4% 18.9% 19.6% 19.1% 17.8% 8.6% 15.1% 17.9% NP 19.7% 16.7% 19.4% NP 14.8% 24.4% 15.1% 25.3% 13.3% NP DS 17.4% 11.7% 7.0% 19.0% 27.0% 18.4% 56.1%
NP = The state did not provide data for this metric. DS = Fewer than 10 students, so data were suppressed.
NP = The state did not provide data for this metric. DS = Fewer than 10 students, so data were suppressed.
* Florida did not report data from enough colleges to provide a reliable statistic for the Pell grant measure. NP = The state did not provide data for this metric. DS = Fewer than 10 students, so data were suppressed.
In 6 years 53.7% 32.3% 43.9% 41.6% 61.6% 56.5% 29.3% 35.0% 50.7% 46.5% 37.8% 41.0% 68.5% 40.7% NP 55.7% 42.3% 47.4% NP 21.7% 60.3% 49.9% 46.1% 52.3% 42.5% DS 48.2% 44.7% 32.9% 69.1% 56.1% 42.2% NP
In 6 years 53.4% 36.1% 51.6% 48.2% 67.5% 59.8% 54.9% 41.9% 61.6% 55.7% 41.4% 40.7% 66.6% 53.2% NP 51.8% 38.3% 52.8% NP 15.8% 66.1% 56.6% 39.0% 59.6% 45.7% 39.3% 51.0% 61.2% 36.1% 74.6% 61.9% 45.2% NP
NP = The state did not provide data for this metric. DS = Fewer than 10 students, so data were suppressed.
In 4 years 31.9% 17.8% 14.8% 29.4% 36.2% 24.9% 14.6% 16.1% 37.9% 27.1% 20.4% 16.6% 39.1% 33.2% NP 22.9% 34.8% 16.3% NP 7.3% 37.0% 30.5% 20.1% 32.1% 32.9% 18.5% 33.4% 25.4% 15.3% 46.0% 62.0% 23.6% NP
In 6 years 58.6% 40.3% 52.3% 52.6% 65.3% 58.1% 50.4% 44.6% 62.1% 57.7% 49.4% 45.8% 65.1% 58.4% NP 54.5% 47.2% 51.6% NP 27.7% 64.3% 61.4% 53.0% 60.3% 56.4% 52.9% 59.0% 57.0% 39.2% 72.0% 66.1% 50.5% NP
In 8 years 62.8% 44.4% 60.6% 55.6% 69.9% 63.7% 57.2% 51.7% 63.9% 62.3% 54.0% NP 68.4% 61.4% NP 57.9% 47.9% 57.3% NP 32.4% 67.4% 65.3% 58.5% 64.8% 58.0% 56.7% 63.6% 63.6% 47.9% 74.0% 66.5% 54.2% NP
In 4 years 19.5% 4.1% 10.5% 12.7% 19.4% 13.3% DS 27.7% 25.2% 7.5% 7.1% 3.5% 20.4% 16.2% NP 6.2% 16.8% 17.1% NP 2.1% 25.4% 6.7% 16.6% 22.3% 16.4% DS 7.9% 12.5% 13.0% 22.0% 52.3% 10.8% NP
In 6 years 33.0% 12.4% 35.3% 23.9% 35.8% 28.5% 44.4% 45.8% 34.0% 19.9% 20.1% 14.4% 31.3% 37.8% NP 18.7% 22.6% 51.2% NP 6.6% 45.0% 19.0% 33.8% 45.5% 32.2% 21.4% 23.2% 24.6% 32.7% 43.0% 54.1% 27.9% NP
In 8 years 36.3% 14.6% 40.9% 27.2% 40.8% 33.2% 51.9% 52.0% 42.1% 26.1% 24.0% NP 35.2% 41.6% NP 20.6% 25.1% 58.2% NP 7.9% 49.6% 24.2% 38.7% 50.1% 33.7% 26.9% 29.4% 29.7% 37.3% 45.0% 54.6% 32.2% NP
In 4 years 24.1% 5.5% 18.9% 21.6% DS 6.1% DS 21.2% 10.5% 6.9% 25.4% 5.7% 14.2% 27.6% NP DS 6.0% DS NP 1.6% 18.4% 7.1% 8.8% 20.8% 21.7% DS 12.9% 15.4% DS DS 44.1% 8.7% NP
In 6 years 31.0% 16.1% 32.4% 33.5% 34.1% 17.6% DS 36.2% 17.9% 19.4% 52.0% 17.5% 22.5% 43.1% NP DS 11.4% DS NP 3.8% 30.5% 17.0% 18.1% 40.0% 33.1% 26.2% 30.8% 29.3% 25.0% 27.0% 44.7% 23.1% NP
In 8 years 33.3% 22.4% 37.8% 34.6% 38.6% 20.7% DS 39.6% 18.7% 24.8% 54.4% NP 25.0% 44.8% NP DS 13.0% DS NP 5.5% 36.2% 20.9% 21.5% 44.0% 34.4% 29.2% 38.0% 33.0% 25.0% 29.0% 44.7% 25.4% NP
NP = The state did not provide data for this metric. DS = Fewer than 10 students, so data were suppressed.
Average Length of Time to Degree (in Years) For certificates and degrees awarded in 200708
Certificate-seeking (1 year needed) Full-time Part-time Arizona Arkansas California (CSU system only) Colorado Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Kentucky Louisiana Maryland Massachusetts Minnesota Mississippi: 2-year sector* Mississippi: 4-year sector* Missouri Nevada New Hampshire New Mexico North Carolina Ohio Oklahoma Oregon: 2-year sector* Oregon: 4-year sector* Pennsylvania (PASSHE system only) South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Virginia Washington West Virginia Wyoming NP 3.9 years NP 3.9 NP 2.7 5.0 3.3 3.0 3.4 3.8 5.8 3.1 1.8 NP 1.8 NA 1.4 2.7 NP NP 2.1 3.6 1.5 2.6 NA NP NP 4.5 3.5 4.9 3.5 2.2 4.4 2.0 NP 5.7 years NP 5.4 NP 3.5 7.2 4.9 4.0 4.7 4.4 6.4 4.6 2.2 NP 1.9 NA 3.7 4.0 NP NP 2.4 3.9 1.8 3.4 NA NP NP 4.5 3.6 5.7 5.4 4.1 5.1 6.9 Associate-seeking (2 years needed) Full-time Part-time NP 5.4 years NP 4.5 3.3 3.9 5.6 5.0 3.0 3.8 4.9 6.4 3.8 3.1 NP 2.6 3.5 2.6 3.7 NP NP 3.1 3.8 2.8 3.4 4.6 NP 4.0 4.2 4.5 5.1 4.0 3.1 5.0 3.6 NP 7.0 years NP 5.8 5.2 4.9 7.8 5.8 5.0 5.0 5.8 7.3 5.0 3.3 NP 2.7 4.0 3.6 4.7 NP NP 3.6 4.9 2.8 4.1 NA NP 5.4 4.8 5.0 6.1 5.6 4.7 6.2 6.7 Bachelors-seeking (4 years needed) Full-time Part-time 4.6 years 5.2 5.2 4.6 4.3 4.9 5.8 5.4 4.5 4.0 5.5 5.5 4.3 4.3 NP NA 4.4 4.2 5.0 NP NP 4.8 4.4 5.0 NA 4.4 NP 4.7 4.9 5.3 6.7 4.4 4.1 5.3 NP 5.2 years 6.9 5.7 6.1 4.6 6.1 8.7 6.6 5.5 5.3 6.6 7.1 4.7 4.7 NP NA 4.7 4.6 5.4 NP NP 7.2 5.4 5.7 NA 5.4 NP 6.9 5.4 6.0 7.8 5.6 4.4 7.0 NP
* State reported average length of time and/or average number of credits accumulated to complete an associate degree separately for four-year and two-year colleges. NP = The state did not provide data for this metric. NA = Not applicable
Average Number of Credits Accumulated to Degree For certificates and degrees awarded in 200708
Certificate-seeking (30 credits needed) Full-time Part-time Arizona Arkansas California (CSU system only) Colorado Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Kentucky Louisiana Maryland Massachusetts Minnesota Mississippi: 2-year sector* Mississippi: 4-year sector* Missouri Nevada New Hampshire New Mexico North Carolina Ohio Oklahoma Oregon: 2-year sector* Oregon: 4-year sector* Pennsylvania (PASSHE system only) South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Virginia Washington West Virginia Wyoming NP 70 credits NP 74 NP 99 66 58 60 79 69 NP NP 61 NP 48 NA 47 64 NP 63 32 69 32 53 NA NP NP 61 70 92 68 63 77 56 NP 78 credits NP 69 NP 96 69 62 58 68 64 NP NP 52 NP 41 NA 65 53 NP 47 30 52 39 56 NA NP NP 50 58 89 68 63 75 55 Associate-seeking (60 credits needed) Full-time Part-time NP 86 credits NP 94 75 92 76 102 70 90 92 NP 75 74 NP 65 106 69 78 NP 99 78 86 74 75 87 NP 86 79 98 89 79 71 99 83 NP 77 credits NP 92 75 97 75 93 68 76 99 NP 76 79 NP 60 109 72 78 NP 87 71 80 79 72 NA NP 101 80 92 87 81 68 90 82 Bachelors-seeking (120 credits needed) Full-time Part-time 136 credits 130 139 136 140 133 139 144 126 138 142 NP 124 128 NP NA 130 127 134 NP 148 127 137 140 NA 125 130 141 135 149 147 128 NP 144 NP 133 credits NP 139 140 140 134 136 147 119 139 143 NP 126 128 NP NA 137 123 133 NP 142 120 132 136 NA 109 133 147 134 149 146 130 NP 146 NP
* State reported average length of time and/or average number of credits accumulated to complete an associate degree separately for four-year and two-year colleges. NP = The state did not provide data for this metric. NA = Not applicable
Students enrolling in remedial courses 9,844 NP NP 5,934 35,595 8,898 2,823 1,309 19,987 16,936 5,434 4,073 13,719 10,421 NP 12,391 10,952 4,272 NP 6,970 19,603 18,994 6,794 6,118 NP NP 11,105 54,504 1,292 14,476 16,178 3,034 1,459 58.8% NP NP 35.3% 54.3% 37.1% 66.0% 57.4% 48.7% 46.4% 34.0% 63.1% 60.5% 61.7% NP 42.9% 52.3% 41.6% NP 57.0% 31.8% 58.5% 59.6% 51.6% NP NP 71.2% 51.0% 22.8% 43.0% 45.9% 69.3% 49.3%
Students completing remedial courses 2,640 NP NP 3,920 21,297 5,085 1,174 811 13,224 10,788 4,015 1,932 NP 5,534 NP 8,080 NP 2,942 NP 4,389 9,876 9,141 4,841 4,876 NP NP 5,162 7,791 972 10,950 8,636 1,932 672 26.8% NP NP 66.1% 59.8% 57.1% 41.6% DS 66.2% 63.7% 73.9% 47.4% NP 53.1% NP 65.2% NP 68.9% NP 63.0% 50.4% 48.1% 71.3% 79.7% NP NP 46.5% 30.0% 75.2% 76.0% 53.4% 63.7% 46.1%
* South Dakota reported data from Board of Regents only, which does not include any two-year-only colleges. NP = The state did not provide data for this metric. DS = Fewer than 10 students, so data were suppressed.
Students enrolling in remedial courses 6,608 NP NP 3,165 25,901 5,126 2,318 882 12,472 6,566 3,120 2,646 10,843 7,528 NP 6,568 7,712 2,052 NP 5,369 62 12,675 3,948 2,815 NP NP 7,206 38,863 716 9,650 9,727 1,753 1,089 65.4% NP NP 43.1% 54.6% 40.0% 69.8% 54.7% 56.3% 47.5% 49.1% 62.9% 66.3% 66.9% NP 47.7% 54.8% 38.2% NP 74.5% 1.0% 59.6% 60.7% 50.6% NP NP 66.2% 51.7% 21.5% 53.0% 59.5% 68.1% 47.5%
Students completing remedial courses 1,942 NP NP 2,027 15,962 2,953 958 546 8,412 4,030 2,347 1,211 NP 3,877 NP 4,594 NP 1,485 NP 3,151 21 6,203 2,886 2,240 NP NP 3,463 12,227 538 7,187 4,995 1,156 492 29.4% NP NP 64.0% 61.6% 57.6% 41.3% 61.9% 67.4% 61.4% 75.2% 45.8% NP 51.5% NP 69.9% NP 72.4% NP 58.7% 33.9% 48.9% 73.1% 79.6% NP NP 48.1% 31.5% 75.1% 74.0% 51.4% 65.9% 45.2%
* South Dakota reported data from Board of Regents only, which does not include any two-year-only colleges. NP = The state did not provide data for this metric. DS = Fewer than 10 students, so data were suppressed.
Students enrolling in remedial courses NP NP 29,871 1,971 NP 6,595 DS 1,362 4,153 4,882 5,759 4,305 3,935 1,754 NP 1,801 2,867 1,315 NP 822 1,643 9,491 4,992 1,161 5,422 1,636 NP 13,943 2,476 115 1,139 1,925 NP NP NP 59.6% 9.3% NP 18.1% DS 19.9% 15.8% 12.4% 32.1% 20.0% 24.9% 26.6% NP 21.4% 14.1% 29.1% NP 12.1% 5.3% 25.0% 28.6% 11.5% 27.8% 34.8% NP 22.5% 18.4% 0.3% 4.7% 19.6% NP
Students completing remedial courses NP NP 20,442 1,319 NP 3,413 DS 888 2,476 2,821 4,607 2,851 NP 1,396 NP 1,312 NP 1,017 NP 613 1,426 5,404 3,308 941 3,923 1,154 NP 6,853 2,022 92 NP 1,346 NP NP NP 68.4% 66.9% NP 51.8% DS 65.2% 59.6% 57.8% 80.0% 66.2% NP 79.6% NP 72.8% NP 77.3% NP 74.6% 86.8% 56.9% 66.3% 81.1% 72.4% 70.5% NP 49.2% 81.7% 80.0% NP 69.9% NP
* Tennessee does not offer remedial eduation at four-year colleges. NP = The state did not provide data for this metric. DS = Fewer than 10 students, so data were suppressed.
Students enrolling in remedial courses NP NP 29,299 1,634 NP 4,790 DS 820 3,844 3,854 4,966 3,544 3,537 1,698 NP 1,703 2,403 1,118 NP 714 1,533 8,523 3,429 1,058 4,980 1,429 NP 13,186 1,340 100 1,001 1,632 NP NP NP 59.0% 8.0% NP 14.0% DS 17.0% 15.2% 11.0% 31.6% 17.8% 25.0% 26.0% NP 21.0% 12.8% 29.0% NP 11.0% 5.0% 24.0% 25.0% 11.0% 27.0% 32.0% NP 22.0% 14.0% 0.0% 6.0% 18.0% NP
Students completing remedial courses NP NP 20,178 1,106 NP 2,649 DS 556 2,282 2,298 3,992 2,442 NP 1,361 NP 1,271 NP 874 NP 532 1,341 4,976 2,430 850 3,644 1,029 NP 6,595 1,049 79 NP 1,171 NP NP NP 69.0% 68.0% NP 55.0% DS 68.0% 59.3% 60.0% 80.4% 68.9% NP 80.0% NP 75.0% NP 78.0% NP 75.0% 87.0% 58.0% 71.0% 80.0% 72.1% 72.0% NP 50.0% 78.0% 79.0% NP 72.0% NP
* Tennessee does not offer remedial eduation at four-year colleges. NP = The state did not provide data for this metric.
* South Dakota reported data from Board of Regents only, which does not include any two-year-only colleges. NP = The state did not provide data for this metric.
* Tennessee does not offer remedial eduation at four-year colleges. NP = The state did not provide data for this metric. DS = Fewer than 10 students, so data were suppressed.
In 2 years
In 3 years NP 9.4% NP 9.2% NP 7.2% 10.3% 12.8% 14.0% 9.2% 5.5% 2.7% 10.0% 10.3% NP 13.3% 12.5% 9.7% NP 6.9% 9.7% 6.4% 9.2% 13.8% NP 5.5% 12.6% 5.8% 51.6% 12.0% 22.7% 8.4% 21.7%
* New Mexico data show graduation rates for two years, rather than 1.5 years. ** South Dakota reported data from Board of Regents only, which does not include any two-year-only colleges. NP = The state did not provide data for this metric. DS = Fewer than 10 students, so data were suppressed.
In 6 years NP 22.1% 46.0% 21.7% NP 24.7% DS 20.9% 27.3% 41.2% 32.1% 22.3% 48.8% 51.2% NP 36.3% 21.2% 36.8% NP 6.87% 49.4% 33.8% 30.6% 50.5% NP 37.7% 44.4% 29.6% 23.4% 40.0% NP 31.8% NP
PERCENTAGE OF ASSOCIATE DEGREE-SEEKING STUDENTS WHO Transfer Out From 2-year to 4-year colleges only
Percentage of cohort identified in fall 2004 enrolling in a 4-year college (cohorts followed until August 31, 2008) Full-time Arizona Arkansas California (CSU system only) Colorado Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Kentucky Louisiana Maryland Massachusetts Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Nevada New Hampshire New Mexico North Carolina Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania (PASSHE system only) South Dakota* Tennessee Texas Utah Virginia Washington West Virginia Wyoming 16.6% 16.7% NP 23.3% 19.9% 21.1% 13.8% 15.9% 32.6% NP 8.8% 21.7% 23.8% 12.8% NP 19.2% 25.4% 19.9% NP 21.1% 20.2% 17.1% 25.0% 21.6% NP NP 20.7% 23.8% 37.3% 9.0% 18.0% 16.3% 34.1% Part-time 4.7% 6.1% NP 24.8% 5.7% 10.6% 4.4% 6.5% 18.6% NP 1.8% 10.9% 9.0% 4.1% NP 11.2% 13.6% 8.5% NP 15.3% 26.3% 7.8% 11.0% 11.5% NP NP 10.8% 22.0% 21.7% 2.0% 9.7% 4.5% 14.8%
* South Dakota reported data from Board of Regents only, which does not include any two-year-only colleges. NP = The state did not provide data for this metric.
State Profiles
Part 3:
ARIZONA 2011
64% 31% 33%
MEMBER
100
4-Year Public College Full-Time Part-Time
2-Year Public College Full-Time Part-Time Enroll Return as sophomores Graduate on time (100% time) Additional graduates 150% time 200% time Total graduates
28 20 2 2 1 5 7
26 13 0 1 1 2
44 34 14 11 2 27 28
Key to measuring time
100% time 150% time 200% time
2 1 0 1 0 1
Graduate in 8 years
Associate 2 years 3 years 4 years Bachelors 4 years 6 years 8 years
Graduate in 4 years
Data: 2-year cohort started in fall 2004; 4-year cohort started in fall 2002
For
too many students, the path through college ends with no degree and often lots of debt.
Complete College America n 1
Note: This report presents data only from public colleges and universities.
ARIZONA 2011
Full-time
151,327
171,603
College Enrollment
White 57%
College Graduation
White 55%
Data: Fall 2009 enrollment from IPEDS; population data from Census ACS PUMS 06-08; degrees by race from 2007-10 state submissions
For states to compete, their students must earn more degrees and certificates.
Overall Credentials Awarded
18,675 16,503 2,997
11,207 7,138 5,779 2003 2008 2003 2008 2003 2008 7,732 136 2003 425 2008 354 2003 832 2008
2003
2008
Certificate
Associate
Bachelors