Nutrition Needs in Cancer

Cancer Af fects Nutrition Status

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Chewlng & swallowlng dlmculues, headaches, alLered LasLe (dysgeusla) and
smell, dlmculLy wlLh self-feedlng
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Swallowlng dlmculLy, asplrauon, lnamed mucosa, dry mouLh (xerosLomla),
alLered LasLe or smell
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Anorexla & early saueLy,j PCl producuon & j ll producuon, delayed sLomach
empLylng (gasLroparesls), dumplng syndrome, malabsorpuon, nuLrlenL
declencles
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lnamed mucosa & bacLerlal overgrowLh, obsLrucuon, lacLose lnLolerance,
malabsorpuon, blle lnsumclency, nuLrlenL declencles, uld & elecLrolyLe
lmbalances
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j dlgesuve enzyme secreuon, blle lnsumclency, malabsorpuon, nuLrlenL
declencles, hyperglycemla
Metabol ic Changes in Cancer
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^ proLeln Lurnover raLe
j muscle proLeln synLhesls
Muscle conLrlbuLes amlno aclds for glucose producuon - furLher j body
proLeln
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1C breakdown ^
Serum llplds ^
Weight Loss
o WelghL loss lndlcaLes poor prognosls ln cancer
care
o unlnLenuonal loss of 10 body welghL over 6
monLhs
o Anorexla ln 13-23 of cancer pauenLs aL
dlagnosls, also as slde eecL of LreaLmenL
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Cbese 21-23 kcal/kg
non-ambulaLory or sedenLary adulLs 23-30 kcal/kg
SllghLly hypermeLabollc or Lhose needlng Lo ^ welghL 30-33 kcal/kg
Severely hypermeLabollc, cachecuc or wlLh malabsorpuon >33 kcal/kg
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normal/malnLenance 0.8-1.0 g/kg
non-sLressed cancer pauenL 1-1.3 g/kg
8one marrow LransplanL 1.3 g/kg
LxLreme wasung or hypermeLabollsm 1.3-2.3 g/kg
Pepauc or renal compromlsed wlLh 8un near 100 mg/dL 0.3-0.8 g/kg
B1,)2 30-33 ml/kg
C)$&.#,*&)%#*8 Mvl wlLh < 130 u8l
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C)#%&"18 le, Mg, Zn, Cu
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Ti ps f or Cal ori es & Protei n i n Meal s
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8uuer or margarlne
CondlmenLs llke mayo or full faL salad dresslngs, cream cheese
Palf-and-half and cream, whole mllk
nuLs
8everages beLween meals Lo ^ kcal and j llkellhood of saueLy aL mealume
Cheese
Lggs
MeaLs
Cral supplemenLs beLween meals
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For More Infor mation
o Medllnelus - uleL and Cancer 1reaLmenL:
hup://www.nlm.nlh.gov/medllneplus/ency/
arucle/002439.hLm
o Amerlcan Cancer SocleLy l Can Cope" onllne
nuLrluon class