Project Gutenberg's Ritchie's Fabulae Faciles, by John Kirtland, ed.

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RITCHIE'S FABULAE FACILES

A FIRST LATIN READER

EDITED WITH NOTES AND A VOCABULARY

( J?.A C?P,65A% K'R#65A%, Jr. Professor of Latin in The Phillips Exeter Academy

THE LITTLE THAT IS MINE IN THIS LITTLE BOOK I GRATEFULLY DEDICATE TO PROFESSOR JOSEPH HETHERINGTON M'DANIELS TEACHER AND FRIEND

PREFACE

/o$e ti$e ago a "ellowBteacher brought the Fabulae Faciles to $y notice, and ' have since used two o" the$ each year with $y class o" beginners in 6atin with increasing appreciation. 'ndeed, ' !now nothing better to introduce the student into the reading o" connected narrative, and to bridge the great gul" between the beginner's boo! o" the prevailing type and the 6atinity o"

Caesar or Aepos. #hey are adapted to this use not $erely by reason o" their si$plicity and interest, but $ore particularly by the graduating o" di""iculties and the large use o" Caesarian words and phrases to which Cr. Ritchie calls attention in his pre"ace. %oubtless $any 5$erican teachers have beco$e "a$iliar with portions o" the Fabulae, "or they have been "reely drawn upon in several 6atin readers recently published in this country. ' venture to hope that those who have $ade the acDuaintance o" the wor! in this way will welco$e a co$plete edition. 'n ,ngland the little boo! has had a large use. 'ts pedagogical e-cellencies are well su$$ed up in a letter addressed to Cr. Ritchie by the +ery Rev. ,.C. *ic!ha$, "or$erly .eadBCaster o" *ellington College, the wellB!nown editor o" .orace4E &'t launches the student at once in ancient li"e. #he old classical stories, si$ply told, see$ to $e $uch the best $aterial "or early 6atin reading. #hey are abundantly interestingF they are ta!en "or granted in the real literature o" the languageF and they can be told without starting the beginner on a wrong trac! by a barbarous $i-ture o" ancient and $odern ideas. &'t co$bines, i" ' $ay say so, very s!il"ully, the interest o" a continuous story, with the gradual and progressive introduction o" constructions and idio$s. #hese see$ to $e to be introduced at the right $o$ent, and to be played upon long enough to $a!e the$ thoroughly "a$iliar.& 'n revising Cr. Ritchie's boo! "or the use o" 5$erican schools it has see$ed best to $a!e e-tensive changes. 6ong vowels have been $ar!ed throughout, and the orthography o" 6atin words has been brought into con"or$ity with our practice. Cany liberties have been ta!en with the te-t itsel", especially in the latter part, in the way o" $a!ing it appro-i$ate $ore closely to our rather strict notions o" the standards o" $odel prose. 5 "ew words and uses o" words not "ound in the prose writers o" the republic have been retained, but nothing, it is hoped, that will seriously $islead the young student. ' shall welco$e any criticis$ that $ay lead to "urther changes in the te-t in "uture editions. #he notes are entirely new, and are intended "or students who have but just "inished the beginner's boo! or have not yet "inished it. /o$e notes $ay appear at "irst sight unnecessary or unnecessarily hard, but the reason "or their insertion should be evident when the student begins the reading o" classical 6atin, the di""iculties o" which will be less li!ely to appal the beginner i" so$e o" the$ have been already conDuered. ' believe it a $ista!e to postpone all treat$ent o" the uses o" the subjunctive, "or instance, or o" the constructions o" indirect discourse until the study o" Aepos or Caesar is begun. esides, it is easier to neglect notes than to supply the$, and the teacher who pre"ers to do the "irst reading without $uch attention to the $ore di""icult constructions will only need to tell his students to disregard certain o" $y notesEor all o" the$. #here are no re"erences to the gra$$ars, but synta- has been given such treat$ent as see$ed needed to supple$ent its treat$ent in the beginner's boo!. #eachers will there"ore be able to postpone the use o" a "or$al $anual o" gra$$ar, i" they so desire. #hose who wish their classes to begin the reading o" 6atin at the earliest possible $o$ent will "ind it "easible to use this boo! as soon as the in"lections and the $ore ele$entary principles o" synta- have been $astered. 'n the vocabulary, the derivation or co$position and the original $eaning o" words have been indicated wherever these see$ed li!ely to prove help"ul. Principal parts and genitives have been given in such a way as to prevent $isunderstanding, and at the sa$e ti$e e$phasiGe the co$position o" the verb or the su""i- o" the noun4 "or e-a$ple, abscd, -cdere, -cd, -csus; aet s, -t tis. #he lists o" wor!s o" ,nglish literature and o" art in which the $yths are treated are only suggestive. ?ccasional readings "ro$ the one and e-hibitions o" representations o" the other, either in the "or$ o" photographs or by the stereopticon, will not only sti$ulate interest in the 6atin te-t but aid also in creating in the student a taste "or literature and "or art. ' planned at "irst to add so$e e-ercises "or retranslation, but a"ter care"ul consideration it has see$ed not worth while. Cost teachers will pre"er not to base co$position upon the 6atin read at this stage, and those who wish to do so will "ind it an easy $atter to prepare their own e-ercises, or

can draw upon the copious e-ercises prepared by Cr. Ritchie and published separately under the title !mitati"e Exercises in Easy Latin Prose. 'n the reading o" proo" ' have had generous help "ro$ %r. F.K. all o" #he Phillips ,-eter 5cade$y, Cr. J.C. Flood o" /t. Car!'s /chool, and Cr. 5.#. %udley o" Aoble and Greenough's /chool, oston. #he proo"Bsheets have been used with the beginner's class in this 5cade$y, and ' have thus been able to pro"it by the criticis$ o" $y associate Cr. G. . Rogers, and to test the wor! $ysel". #he assistance o" $y wi"e has greatly lightened the labor o" veri"ying the vocabulary. J?.A C. K'R#65A%, Jr. ,H,#,R, A..., 2 Carch, 018>.

CONTENTS

THE MYTHS IN ENGLISH LITERATURE. THE MYTHS IN ART. INTRODUCTORY NOTE. PERSEUS. HERCULES. THE ARGONAUTS. ULYSSES. NOTES. VOCABULARY.

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

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THE MYTHS IN ENGLISH LITERATURE

PERSEUS

.awthorne, A Kingsley, Co-, Tales of Ancient Francillon, 'ods and

#onder-$oo%& The 'reece& +edusa,

The 'or(on)s *eroes& ,anae, Perseus,

*eroes& The Ad"entures Kingsley, *illia$ Corris, The Earthly Paradise& The ,oom of 6ewis Corris, The Epic of *ades& %owden, /helley, .n the +edusa of Leonardo %. G. Rossetti, Aspecta

*ead. Perseus. Andromeda, A%risios. of Perseus. Andromeda. -in( Acrisius . Andromeda. Andromeda. da /inci. +edusa.

HERCULES

.awthorne, A #onder-$oo%& The Three 'olden Apples. Co-, Tales of Ancient 'reece& The Toils of *era%les. Francillon, 'ods and *eroes& The *ero of *eroes. *illia$ Corris, The Earthly Paradise& The 'olden Apples . 6ewis Corris, The Epic of *ades& ,eianeira. 6ang's translation o" #heocritus, !dyls --iv, --v.
THE ARGONAUTS

5pollonius o" Rhodes, The Tale of the Ar(onauts, translated by *ay. %.?./. 6owell, 0ason)s 1uest. .awthorne, Tan(le2ood Tales& The 'olden Fleece. Kingsley, The *eroes& The Ar(onauts. Co-, Tales of Ancient 'reece& Phrixos and *elle, +edeia. Church, *eroes and -in(s& The 3tory of the 3hip Ar(o . Francillon, 'ods and *eroes& The 'olden Fleece. *illia$ Corris, The Life and ,eath of 0ason. ayard #aylor, *ylas. John %yer, The Fleece. 6ang's translation o" #heocritus, several o" the !dyls.
ULYSSES

.o$er, The .dyssey, translated by ryant IverseJ, *illia$ Corris IverseJ, Pal$er IproseJ, utcher and 6ang IproseJ. 6a$b, The Ad"entures of 4lysses. .awthorne, Tan(le2ood Tales& 5irce)s Palace. Co-, Tales of Ancient 'reece& The Lotos-Eaters, .dysseus and Polyphemos, .dysseus and -ir%6. Church, 3tories from *omer& The 5yclops, The !sland of Aeolus, 5irc6 . #ennyson, The Lotos-Eaters. Catthew 5rnold, The 3trayed 7e"eler. %obson, The Prayer of the 32ine to 5irce .

THE MYTHS IN ART

urneBJones, Perseus Caravaggio, *ead 6eonardo da +inci,

and of *ead

the of

'raeae. +edusa. +edusa.

Canova, envenuto Cellini, Perseus, and Perseus sa"in( Piero di Cosi$o, Perseus and Charles 5ntoine Coypel, Perseus and %o$enichino, Perseus and Rubens, Perseus and Giovanni da ologna, *ercules and the andinelli, *ercules and Guido Reni, ,e8anira and the 5entaur Canova, *ercules and /ichel, Genelli, 0ason and +edea capturin( the 'olden urneBJones, 6. Chalon, 5irce and the 5ompanions of RiviKre, 5irce and the 5ompanions of

Perseus. Andromeda. Andromeda. Andromeda. Andromeda. Andromeda. 5entaur. 5acus. 9essus. Lichas. +edea. Fleece. 5irce. 4lysses. 4lysses.

Photographs and lanternBslides o" all the wor!s $entioned above $ay be obtained o" the /oule 5rt Co$pany, oston. #he list $ight have been $ade $uch longer, but it see$ed li!ely to prove $ost help"ul i" li$ited to wor!s o" which reproductions are so easily obtainable. For the treat$ent o" the $yths in ancient art, the teacher is re"erred to the nu$erous pertinent illustrations in au$eister's ,en%m:ler des %lassischen Altertums, or the sa$e editor's $ilder aus dem (riechischen und r;mischen Altertum f<r 3ch<ler, the latter o" which contains the cuts o" the larger wor!, and is so cheap and so use"ul that it ought to lie on the des! o" every teacher o" Gree! or 6atin.

INTRODUCTORY NOTE

#he Fabulae Faciles, or ',asy /tories.' are "our Gree! $yths retold in 6atin, not by a Ro$an writer, however, but by an ,nglish$an, who believed that they would a""ord interesting and pleasant reading "or young "ol!s who were just beginning the study o" the 6atin language. y $yth is $eant an i$aginative tale that has been handed down by tradition "ro$ re$ote antiDuity concerning supernatural beings and events. /uch tales are co$$on a$ong all pri$itive peoples, and are by the$ accepted as true. #hey owe their origin to no single author, but grow up as the untutored i$agination strives to e-plain to itsel" the operations o" nature and the $ysteries o" li"e, or a$uses itsel" with stories o" the brave e-ploits o" heroic ancestors. #he $ost beauti"ul and delight"ul o" all $yths are those that have co$e down to us in the re$ains o" the literature and the art o" ancient Greece and Ro$eF they are also the $ost i$portant to us, "or $any o" the great $asterpieces o" ,nglish literature and o" $odern art have been inspired by the$ and cannot be understood and appreciated by one ignorant o" classical $ythology. ?" this $ythology the Fabulae Faciles give but a s$all part. '" you wish to !now $ore o" the subject, you should read Gayley's The 5lassic +yths in En(lish Literature, Guerber's +yths of 'reece and 7ome, or the boo!s by Kingsiey, Co-, Church, and Francillon $entioned earlier.

PERSEUS

Acrisius, an ancient %in( of Ar(os, had been 2arned by an oracle that he should perish by the hand of his (randson= .n disco"erin(, therefore, that his dau(hter ,anae had (i"en birth to a son, Acrisius endea"ored to escape his fate by settin( both mother and child adrift on the sea= They

2ere sa"ed, ho2e"er, by the help of 0upiter; and Perseus, the child, (re2 up at the court of Polydectes, %in( of 3eriphos, an island in the Ae(ean 3ea= .n reachin( manhood, Perseus 2as sent by Polydectes to fetch the head of +edusa, one of the 'or(ons= This dan(erous tas% he accomplished 2ith the help of Apollo and +iner"a, and on his 2ay home he rescued Andromeda, dau(hter of 5epheus, from a sea-monster= Perseus then married Andromeda, and li"ed some time in the country of 5epheus= At len(th he returned to 3erphos, and turned Polydectes to stone by sho2in( him the 'or(on)s head; he then 2ent to the court of Acrisius, 2ho fled in terror at the ne2s of his (randson)s return= The oracle 2as duly fulfilled, for Acrisius 2as accidentally %illed by a >uoit thro2n by Perseus.
1. THE ARK

.aec nLrrantur L poMtNs dM PerseO. Perseus "Nlius erat 'ovis, $L-i$N deOru$F avus Mius 5crisius appellLbLtur. 5crisius volMbat Perseu$ nepOte$ suu$ necLreF na$ propter OrLculu$ pueru$ ti$Mbat. Co$prehendit igitur Perseu$ adhPc in"ante$, et cu$ $Ltre in arcL lNgneL inclPsit. #u$ arca$ ipsa$ in $are coniMcit. %anaM, PerseN $Lter, $Lgnopere territa estF te$pestLs eni$ $Lgna $are turbLbat. Perseus aute$ in sinP $Ltris dor$iMbat.
2. JUPITER SAVES HIS SON

'uppiter ta$en haec o$nia vNdit, et "Nliu$ suu$ servLre cOnstituit. #ranDuillu$ igitur "Mcit $are, et arca$ ad Nnsula$ /erNphu$ perdP-it. .Pius Nnsulae PolydectMs tu$ rM- erat. PostDua$ arca ad lNtus appulsa est, %anaM in harMnL DuiMte$ capiMbat. Post breve te$pus L piscLtOre DuOda$ reperta est, et ad do$u$ rMgis Polydectis adducta est. 'lle $Ltre$ et pueru$ benNgnM e-cMpit, et iNs sMde$ tPta$ in "Nnibus suNs dedit. %anaM hOc dOnu$ libenter accMpit, et prO tantO bene"iciO rMgN grLtiLs Mgit.
3. PERSEUS IS SENT ON HIS TRAVELS

Perseus igitur $ultOs annOs ibi habitLbat, et cu$ $Ltre suL vNta$ beLta$ agMbat. 5t PolydectMs %anaMn $Lgnopere a$Lbat, atDue ea$ in $Ltri$Oniu$ dPcere volMbat. .Oc ta$en cOnsiliu$ PerseO $ini$M grLtu$ erat. PolydectMs igitur Perseu$ dN$ittere cOnstituit. #u$ iuvene$ ad sM vocLvit et haec dN-it4 &#urpe est hanc NgnLva$ vNta$ agereF ia$ dPdu$ tP adulMscMns es. QuO PsDue hNc $anMbisR #e$pus est ar$a capere et virtPte$ praestLre. .inc abN, et caput CedPsae $ihi re"er.&
4. PERSEUS GETS HIS OUTFIT

Perseus ubi haec audNvit, e- NnsulL discessit, et postDua$ ad continente$ vMnit, CedPsa$ DuaesNvit. %iP "rPstrL DuaerMbatF na$Due nLtPra$ locN NgnOrLbat. #ande$ 5pollO et Cinerva via$ dM$OnstrLvMrunt. PrN$u$ ad GraeLs, sorOrMs CedPsae, pervMnit. 5b hNs tLlLria et galea$ $agica$ accMpit. 5pollO aute$ et Cinerva "alce$ et speculu$ dedMrunt. #u$ postDua$ tLlLria pedibus induit, in Lera ascendit. %iP per Lcra volLbatF tande$ ta$en ad eu$ locu$ vMnit ubi CedPsa cu$ cMterNs Gorgonibus habitLbat. GorgonMs aute$ $Onstra erant speciM horribilNF capita eni$ eLru$ anguibus o$nNnO contMcta erant. CanPs etia$ e- aere "actae erant.

5. THE GORGON'S HEAD

RMs di""icilli$a erat caput Gorgonis abscNdereF Mius eni$ cOnspectP ho$ines in sa-u$ vertMbantur. Propter hanc causa$ Cinerva speculu$ PerseO dederat. 'lle igitur tergu$ vertit, et in speculu$ NnspiciMbatF hOc $odO ad locu$ vMnit ubi CedPsa dor$iMbat. #u$ "alce suL caput Mius PnO NctP abscNdit. CMterae GorgonMs stati$ M so$nO e-citLtae sunt, et ubi re$ vNdMrunt, NrL co$$Otae sunt. 5r$a rapuMrunt, et Perseu$ occNdere volMbant. 'lle aute$ du$ "ugit, galea$ $agica$ induitF et ubi hOc "Mcit, stati$ M cOnspectP eLru$ MvLsit.
6. THE SEA-SERPENT

Post haec Perseus in "NnNs 5ethiopu$ vMnit. 'bi CMpheus DuNda$ illO te$pore rMgnLbat. .Nc AeptPnu$, $aris deu$, Oli$ o""enderatF AeptPnus aute$ $Onstru$ saevissi$u$ $Nserat. .Oc cottNdiM M $arN veniMbat et ho$inMs dMvorLbat. ?b hanc causa$ pavor ani$Os o$niu$ occupLverat. CMpheus igitur OrLculu$ deN .a$$Onis cOnsuluit, atDue L deO iPssus est "Nlia$ $OnstrO trLdere. Mius aute$ "Nlia, no$ine 5ndro$eda, virgO "Or$Osissi$a erat. CMpheus ubi haec audNvit, $Lgnu$ dolOre$ percMpit. +olMbat ta$en cNvNs suOs M tantO perNculO e-trahere, atDue ob ea$ causa$ i$perLta .a$$Onis "acere cOnstituit.
7. A HUMAN SACRIFICE

#u$ rM- die$ certa$ dN-it et o$nia parLvit. @bi ea diMs vMnit, 5ndro$eda ad lNtus dMducta est, et in cOnspectP o$niu$ ad rPpe$ adligLta est. ?$nMs "Ltu$ Mius dMplOrLbant, nec lacri$Ls tenMbant. 5t subitO, du$ $Onstru$ e-spectant, Perseus accurritF et ubi lacri$Ls vNdit, causa$ dolOris Duaerit. 'llN re$ tOta$ e-pOnunt et puella$ dM$Onstrant. %u$ haec geruntur, "re$itus terribilis audNturF si$ul $Onstru$ horribilN speciM procul cOnspicitur. Mius cOnspectus ti$Ore$ $L-i$u$ o$nibus iniMcit. COnstru$ $LgnL celeritLte ad lNtus contendit, ia$Due ad locu$ appropinDuLbat ubi puella stLbat.
. THE RESCUE

5t Perseus ubi haec vNdit, gladiu$ suu$ MdP-it, et postDua$ tLlLria induit, in Lera sublLtus est. #u$ dMsuper in $Onstru$ i$petu$ subitO "Mcit, et gladiO suO collu$ Mius graviter vulnerLvit. COnstru$ ubi sMnsit vulnus, "re$itu$ horribile$ Mdidit, et sine $orL tOtu$ corpus in aDua$ $ersit. Perseus du$ circu$ lNtus volat, reditu$ Mius e-spectLbat. Care aute$ intereL undiDue sanguine Nn"icitur. Post breve te$pus bMlua rPrsus caput sustulitF $o- ta$en L PerseO NctP graviOre vulnerLta est. #u$ iteru$ sM in undLs $ersit, neDue posteL vNsa est.
!. THE REWARD OF VALOR

Perseus postDua$ ad lNtus dMscendit, prN$u$ tLlLria e-uitF tu$ ad rPpe$ vMnit ubi 5ndro$eda vincta erat. ,a aute$ o$ne$ spe$ salPtis dMposuerat, et ubi Perseus adiit, terrOre paene e-ani$Lta erat. 'lle vNncula stati$ solvit, et puella$ patrN reddidit. CMpheus ob hanc re$ $L-i$O gaudiO ad"ectus est. Cerita$ grLtia$ prO tantO bene"iciO PerseO rettulitF praetereL 5ndro$eda$ ipsa$ eN in $Ltri$Oniu$ dedit. 'lle libenter hOc dOnu$ accMpit et puella$ dP-it.

PaucOs annOs cu$ u-Ore suL in eL regiOne habitLbat, et in $LgnO honOre erat apud o$nNs 5ethiopMs. CLgnopere ta$en $Ltre$ sua$ rPrsus vidMre cupiMbat. #ande$ igitur cu$ u-Ore suL M rMgnO CMpheN discessit.
"#. POLYDECTES IS TURNED TO STONE

PostDua$ Perseus ad Nnsula$ nLve$ appulit, sM ad locu$ contulit ubi $Lter Oli$ habitLverat, sed do$u$ invMnit vacua$ et o$nNnO dMserta$. #rNs diMs per tOta$ Nnsula$ $Ltre$ DuaerMbatF tande$ DuartO diM ad te$plu$ %iLnae pervMnit. .Pc %anaM re"Pgerat, Duod Polydecte$ ti$Mbat. Perseus ubi haec cOgnOvit, NrL $LgnL co$$Otus estF ad rMgia$ Polydectis sine $orL contendit, et ubi eO vMnit, stati$ in Ltriu$ inrPpit. PolydectMs $LgnO ti$Ore ad"ectus est et "ugere volMbat. %u$ ta$en ille "ugit, Perseus caput CedPsae $OnstrLvitF ille aute$ si$ul atDue hOc vNdit, in sa-u$ versus est.
II. THE ORACLE FULFILLED

Post haec Perseus cu$ u-Ore suL ad urbe$ 5crisN rediit. 'lle aute$ ubi Perseu$ vNdit, $LgnO terrOre ad"ectus estF na$ propter OrLculu$ istud nepOte$ suu$ adhPc ti$Mbat. 'n #hessalia$ igitur ad urbe$ 6LrNsa$ stati$ re"Pgit, "rPstrL ta$enF neDue eni$ "Ltu$ suu$ vNtLvit. Post paucOs annOs rM- 6LrNsae lPdOs $LgnOs "McitF nPntiOs in o$nNs partNs dN$Nserat et die$ MdN-erat. CultN e- o$nibus urbibus Graeciae ad lPdOs convMnMrunt. 'pse Perseus inter aliOs certL$en discOru$ iniit. 5t du$ discu$ conicit, avu$ suu$ cLsP occNditF 5crisius eni$ inter spectLtOrMs Mius certL$inis "orte stLbat.

HERCULES

*ercules, a 'ree% hero celebrated for his (reat stren(th, 2as pursued throu(hout his life by the hatred of 0uno= #hile yet an infant, he stran(led some serpents sent by the (oddess to destroy him= ,urin( his boyhood and youth he performed "arious mar"elous feats of stren(th, and on reachin( manhood succeeded in deli"erin( the Thebans from the oppression of the +in?ae= !n a fit of madness sent upon him by 0uno, he sle2 his o2n children; and on consultin( the ,elphic oracle as to ho2 he should cleanse himself from this crime, he 2as ordered to submit himself for t2el"e years to Eurystheus, %in( of Tiryns, and to perform 2hate"er tas%s 2ere appointed him= *ercules obeyed the oracle, and durin( the t2el"e years of his ser"itude accomplished t2el"e extraordinary feats %no2n as the Labors of *ercules= *is death 2as caused unintentionally by his 2ife ,e8anira= *ercules had shot 2ith his poisoned arro2s a centaur named 9essus, 2ho had insulted ,e8anira= 9essus, before he died, (a"e some of his blood to ,e8anira, and told her it 2ould act as a charm to secure her husband)s lo"e= 3ome time after, ,e8anira 2ishin( to try the charm soa%ed one of her husband)s (arments in the blood, not %no2in( that it 2as poisoned= *ercules put on the robe, and after sufferin( terrible torments died, or 2as carried off by his father 0upiter.
12. THE HATRED OF JUNO

.erculMs, 5lc$Mnae "Nlius, Oli$ in GraeciL habitLbat. .Nc o$niu$ ho$inu$ validissi$us "uisse dNcitur. 5t 'PnO, rMgNna deOru$, 5lc$Mna$ Oderat et .ercule$ adhPc Nn"ante$ necLre voluit. CNsit igitur duLs serpentNs saevissi$LsF hae $ediL nocte in cubiculu$ 5lc$Mnae vMnMrunt, ubi

.erculMs cu$ "rLtre suO dor$iMbat. Aec ta$en in cPnNs, sed in scPtO $LgnO cubLbant. /erpentMs ia$ appropinDuLverant et scPtu$ $ovMbantF itaDue puerN M so$nO e-citLtN sunt.
"3. HERCULES AND THE SERPENTS

NphiclMs, "rLter .erculis, $LgnL vOce e-clL$LvitF sed .erculMs ipse, "ortissi$us puer, haudDuLDua$ territus est. ParvNs $anibus serpentNs stati$ prehendit, et colla eLru$ $LgnL vN co$pressit. #LlN $odO serpentMs L puerO inter"ectae sunt. 5lc$Mna aute$, $Lter puerOru$, clL$Ore$ audNverat, et $arNtu$ suu$ M so$nO e-citLverat. 'lle lP$en accendit et gladiu$ suu$ rapuitF tu$ ad puerOs properLbat, sed ubi ad locu$ vMnit, re$ $Nra$ vNdit, .erculMs eni$ rNdMbat et serpentNs $ortuLs $OnstrLbat.
"4. THE MUSIC-LESSON

.erculMs L puerO corpus suu$ dNligenter e-ercMbatF $Lgna$ parte$ diMN in palaestrL cOnsP$MbatF didicit etia$ arcu$ intendere et tMla conicere. .Ns e-ercitLtiOnibus vNrMs Mius cOn"Nr$Ltae sunt. 'n $PsicL etia$ L 6inO centaurO MrudiMbLtur IcentaurN aute$ eDuN erant sed caput ho$inis habMbantJF huic ta$en artN $inus dNligenter studMbat. .Nc 6inus .ercule$ Oli$ obiPrgLbat, Duod nOn studiOsus eratF tu$ puer NrLtus cithara$ subitO rapuit, et o$nibus vNribus caput $agistrN Nn"MlNcis percussit. 'lle NctP prOstrLtus est, et paulO post M vNtL e-cessit, neDue DuisDua$ posteL id o""iciu$ suscipere voluit.
"5. HERCULES ESCAPES SACRIFICE

%M .ercule haec etia$ inter alia nLrrantur. Oli$ du$ iter "acit, in "NnNs 5egyptiOru$ vMnit. 'bi rM- DuNda$, nO$ine PsNris, illO te$pore rMgnLbatF hNc aute$ vir crPdMlissi$us ho$inMs i$$olLre cOnsuMverat. .ercule$ igitur corripuit et in vincula coniMcit. #u$ nPntiOs dN$Nsit et die$ sacri"iciO MdN-it. Co- ea diMs appetMbat, et o$nia rNte parLta sunt. CanPs .erculis catMnNs "erreNs vinctae sunt, et $ola salsa in caput Mius Nnspersa est. COs eni$ erat apud antNDuOs sale$ et "Lr capitibus victi$Lru$ i$pOnere. 'a$ victi$a ad Lra$ stLbatF ia$ sacerdOs cultru$ sP$pserat. /ubitO ta$en .erculMs $LgnO cOnLtP vincula perrPpitF tu$ NctP sacerdOte$ prOstrLvitF alterO rMge$ ipsu$ occNdit.
"6. A CRUEL DEED

.erculMs ia$ adulMscMns #hMbNs habitLbat. RM- #hMbLru$, vir NgnLvus, CreOn appellLbLtur. Cinyae, gMns bellicOsissi$a, #hMbLnNs "Nniti$N erant. 6MgLtN aute$ L CinyNs ad #hMbLnOs DuotannNs $ittMbanturF hN #hMbLs veniMbant et centu$ bovMs postulLbant. #hMbLnN eni$ Oli$ L CinyNs superLtN erantF tribPta igitur rMgN CinyLru$ DuotannNs pendMbant. 5t .erculMs cNvNs suOs hOc stNpendiO lNberLre cOnstituitF lMgLtOs igitur co$prehendit, atDue aurNs eOru$ abscNdit. 6MgLtN aute$ apud o$nNs gentNs sLnctN habentur.
"7. THE DEFEAT OF THE MINYAE

,rgNnus, rM- CinyLru$, ob haec vehe$enter NrLtus stati$ cu$ o$nibus cOpiNs in "NnNs

#hMbLnOru$ contendit. CreOn adventu$ Mius per e-plOrLtOrMs cOgnOvit. 'pse ta$en pPgnLre nOluit, na$ $LgnO ti$Ore ad"ectus eratF #hMbLnN igitur .ercule$ i$perLtOre$ creLvMrunt. 'lle nPntiOs in o$nNs partNs dN$Nsit, et cOpiLs coMgitF tu$ pro-i$O diM cu$ $LgnO e-ercitP pro"ectus est. 6ocu$ idOneu$ dMlMgit et acie$ NnstrP-it. #u$ #hMbLnN M superiOre locO i$petu$ in hostNs "McMrunt. 'llN aute$ i$petu$ sustinMre nOn potuMruntF itaDue aciMs hostiu$ pulsa est atDue in "uga$ conversa.
" . MADNESS AND MURDER

Post hOc proeliu$ .erculMs cOpiLs suLs ad urbe$ redP-it. ?$nMs #hMbLnN propter victOria$ $L-i$M gaudMbantF CreOn aute$ $LgnNs honOribus .ercule$ decorLvit, atDue "Nlia$ sua$ eN in $Ltri$Oniu$ dedit. .erculMs cu$ u-Ore suL beLta$ vNta$ agMbatF sed post paucOs annOs subitO in "urOre$ incidit, atDue lNberOs suOs ipse suL $anP occNdit. Post breve te$pus ad sLnitLte$ reductus est, et propter hOc "acinus $LgnO dolOre ad"ectus estF $o- e- urbe e""Pgit et in silvLs sM recMpit. AOlMbant eni$ cNvMs ser$One$ cu$ eO habMre.
"!. HERCULES CONSULTS THE ORACLE

.erculMs tantu$ scelus e-piLre $Lgnopere cupiMbat. COnstituit igitur ad OrLculu$ %elphicu$ NreF hOc eni$ OrLculu$ erat o$niu$ celeberri$u$. 'bi te$plu$ erat 5pollinis plPri$Ns dOnNs OrnLtu$. .Oc in te$plO sedMbat "M$ina Duaeda$, nO$ine PSthia et cOnsiliu$ dabat iNs DuN ad OrLculu$ veniMbant. .aec aute$ "M$ina ab ipsO 5polline docMbLtur, et voluntLte$ deN ho$inibus MnPntiLbat. .erculMs igitur, DuN 5polline$ praecipuM colMbat, hPc vMnit. #u$ re$ tOta$ e-posuit, neDue scelus cMlLvit.
2#. THE ORACLE'S REPLY

@bi .erculMs "Nne$ "Mcit, PSthia prN$O tacMbatF tande$ ta$en iussit eu$ ad urbe$ #Nryntha Nre, et ,urystheN rMgis o$nia i$perLta "acere. .erculMs ubi haec audNvit, ad urbe$ illa$ contendit, et ,urystheO rMgN sM in servitPte$ trLdidit. %uodeci$ annOs crPdMlissi$O ,urystheO serviMbat, et duodeci$ labOrMs, DuOs ille i$perLverat, cOn"McitF hOc eni$ PnO $odO tantu$ scelus e-piLrN potuit. %M hNs labOribus plPri$a L poMtNs scrNpta sunt. Culta ta$en Duae poMtae nLrrant vi- crMdibilia sunt.
2". FIRST LABOR: THE NEMEAN LION

PrN$u$ ab ,urystheO iPssus est .erculMs leOne$ occNdere DuN illO te$pore valle$ Ae$eaea$ reddMbat Nn"Msta$. 'n silvLs igitur in Duibus leO habitLbat stati$ sM contulit. Co- "era$ vNdit, et arcu$, Due$ sMcu$ attulerat, intenditF Mius ta$en pelle$, Duae dMnsissi$a erat, trLicere nOn potuit. #u$ clLvL $LgnL Dua$ se$per gerMbat leOne$ percussit, "rPstrL ta$enF neDue eni$ hOc $odO eu$ occNdere potuit. #u$ dM$u$ collu$ $OnstrN bracchiNs suNs co$ple-us est et "aucNs Mius o$nibus vNribus co$pressit. .Oc $odO leO brevN te$pore e-ani$Ltus estF nPlla eni$ respNrandN "acultLs eN dabLtur. #u$ .erculMs cadLver ad oppidu$ in u$erNs rettulitF et pelle$, Dua$ dMtrL-erat, posteL prO veste gerMbat. ?$nMs aute$ DuN ea$ regiOne$ incolMbant, ubi "L$a$ dM $orte leOnis accMpMrunt, vehe$enter gaudMbant et .ercule$ $LgnO honOre habMbant.

22. SECOND LABOR: THE LERNEAN HYDRA

PaulO post iPssus est ab ,urystheO .ydra$ necLre. .Oc aute$ $Onstru$ erat cui nove$ erant capita. .erculMs igitur cu$ a$NcO 'olLO pro"ectus est ad palPde$ 6ernaea$, in DuL .ydra habitLbat. Co- $Onstru$ invMnit, et Dua$Dua$ rMs erat $LgnN perNculN, collu$ Mius sinistrL prehendit. #u$ de-trL capita nove$ abscNdere coepitF DuotiMns ta$en hOc "Mcerat, nova capita e-oriMbantur. %iP "rPstrL labOrLbatF tande$ hOc cOnLtP dMstitit. %einde arborMs succNdere et Ngne$ accendere cOnstituit. .Oc celeriter "Mcit, et postDua$ lNgna Ngne$ co$prehendMrunt, "ace Lrdente colla adPssit, unde capita e-oriMbantur. Aec ta$en sine $LgnO labOre haec "McitF vMnit eni$ au-iliO .ydrae cancer ingMns, DuN, du$ .erculMs capita abscNdit, crPra Mius $ordMbat. PostDua$ $Onstru$ tLlN $odO inter"Mcit, sagittLs suLs sanguine Mius i$buit, itaDue $orti"erLs reddidit.
23. THIRD LABOR: THE CERYNEAN STAG

PostDua$ ,urystheO caedMs .ydrae nPntiLta est, $Lgnus ti$or ani$u$ Mius occupLvit. 'ussit igitur .ercule$ cervu$ Duenda$ ad sM re"erreF nOluit eni$ viru$ tantae audLciae in urbe retinMre. .Nc aute$ cervus, cPius cornua aurea "uisse trLduntur, incrMdibilN "uit celeritLte. .erculMs igitur prN$O vestNgiNs eu$ in silvL perseDuMbLturF deinde ubi cervu$ ipsu$ vNdit, o$nibus vNribus currere coepit. PsDue ad vesperu$ currMbat, neDue nocturnu$ te$pus sibi ad DuiMte$ relinDuMbat, "rPstrL ta$enF nPllO eni$ $odO cervu$ cOnseDuN poterat. #ande$ postDua$ tOtu$ annu$ cucurrerat Iita trLditurJ, cervu$ cursP e-ani$Ltu$ cMpit, et vNvu$ ad ,urystheu$ rettulit.
24. FOURTH LABOR: THE ERYMANTHIAN BOAR

#u$ vMrO iPssus est .erculMs apru$ Duenda$ capere DuN illO te$pore agrOs ,ry$anthiOs vLstLbat et incolLs hPius regiOnis $Lgnopere terrMbat. .erculMs re$ suscMpit et in 5rcadia$ pro"ectus est. PostDua$ in silva$ paulu$ prOgressus est, aprO occurrit. 'lle aute$ si$ul atDue .ercule$ vNdit, stati$ re"PgitF et ti$Ore perterritus in alta$ "ossa$ sM prOiMcit. .erculMs igitur laDueu$ Due$ attulerat iniMcit, et su$$L cu$ di""icultLte apru$ M "ossL e-trL-it. 'lle etsN "ortiter repPgnLbat, nPllO $odO sM lNberLre potuitF et ab .ercule ad ,urystheu$ vNvus relLtus est.
25. HERCULES AT THE CENTAUR'S CAVE

%M DuartO labOre, Due$ suprL nLrrLvi$us, haec etia$ trLduntur. .erculMs du$ iter in 5rcadia$ "acit, ad ea$ regiOne$ vMnit Dua$ centaurN incolMbant. Cu$ no- ia$ appeteret, ad spMlunca$ dMvertit in DuL centaurus DuNda$, nO$ine Pholus, habitLbat. 'lle .ercule$ benNgnM e-cMpit et cMna$ parLvit. 5t .erculMs postDua$ cMnLvit, vNnu$ L PholO postulLvit. ,rat aute$ in spMluncL $Lgna a$phora vNnO opti$O replMta, Dua$ centaurN ibi dMposuerant. Pholus igitur hOc vNnu$ dare nOlMbat, Duod reliDuOs centaurOs ti$MbatF nPllu$ ta$en vNnu$ praeter hOc in spMluncL habMbat. &.Oc vNnu$,& inDuit, &$ihi co$$issu$ est. /N igitur hOc dabO, centaurN $M inter"icient.& .erculMs ta$en eu$ inrNsit, et ipse pOculu$ vNnN dM a$phorL hausit.
26. THE FIGHT WITH THE CENTAURS

/i$ul atDue a$phora aperta est, odor iPcundissi$us undiDue di""Psus estF vNnu$ eni$

suLvissi$u$ erat. CentaurN nOtu$ odOre$ sMnsMrunt et o$nMs ad locu$ convMnMrunt. @bi ad spMlunca$ pervMnMrunt, $Lgnopere NrLtN erant Duod .ercule$ bibente$ vNdMrunt. #u$ ar$a rapuMrunt et Pholu$ inter"icere volMbant. .erculMs ta$en in aditP spMluncae cOnstitit et i$petu$ eOru$ "ortissi$M sustinMbat. FacMs LrdentNs in eOs coniMcitF $ultOs etia$ sagittNs suNs vulnerLvit. .ae aute$ sagittae eaede$ erant Duae sanguine .ydrae Oli$ i$bPtae erant. ?$nMs igitur DuOs ille sagittNs vulnerLverat venMnO stati$ absP$ptN suntF reliDuN aute$ ubi hOc vNdMrunt, terga vertMrunt et "ugL salPte$ petiMrunt.
27. THE FATE OF PHOLUS

PostDua$ reliDuN "PgMrunt, Pholus e- spMluncL Mgressus est, et corpora spectLbat eOru$ DuN sagittNs inter"ectN erant. CLgnopere aute$ $NrLtus est Duod ta$ levN vulnere e-ani$LtN erant, et causa$ Mius reN DuaerMbat. 5diit igitur locu$ ubi cadLver cPiusda$ centaurN iacMbat, et sagitta$ M vulnere trL-it. .aec ta$en sNve cLsP sNve cOnsiliO deOru$ M $anibus Mius lapsa est, et pede$ leviter vulnerLvit. 'lle e-te$plO dolOre$ grave$ per o$nia $e$bra sMnsit, et post breve te$pus vN venMnN e-ani$Ltus est. Co- .erculMs, DuN reliDuOs centaurOs secPtus erat, ad spMlunca$ rediit, et $LgnO cu$ dolOre Pholu$ $ortuu$ vNdit. CultNs cu$ lacri$Ns corpus a$NcN ad sepultPra$ deditF tu$, postDua$ alteru$ pOculu$ vNnN e-hausit, so$nO sM dedit.
2 . FIFTH LABOR: THE AUGEAN STABLES

%einde ,urystheus .erculN hunc labOre$ graviOre$ i$posuit. 5ugMLs DuNda$, DuN illO te$pore rMgnu$ in Mlide obtinMbat, tria $Nlia bou$ habMbat. .N in stabulO ingentis $LgnitPdinis inclPdMbantur. /tabulu$ aute$ inluviM ac sDuLlOre erat obsitu$, neDue eni$ ad hOc te$pus u$Dua$ pPrgLtu$ erat. .Oc .erculMs intrL spatiu$ PnNus diMN pPrgLre iPssus est. 'lle, etsN rMs erat $ultae operae, negOtiu$ suscMpit. PrN$u$ $LgnO labOre "ossa$ duodMvNgintN pedu$ dP-it, per Dua$ "lP$inis aDua$ dM $ontibus ad $Pru$ stabulN perdP-it. #u$ postDua$ $Pru$ perrPpit, aDua$ in stabulu$ i$$Nsit et tLlN $odO contrL opNniOne$ o$niu$ opus cOn"Mcit.
2!. SIXTH LABOR: THE STYMPHALIAN BIRDS

Post paucOs diMs .erculMs ad oppidu$ /ty$phLlu$ iter "McitF i$perLverat eni$ eN ,urystheus ut avNs /ty$phLlidMs necLret. .ae avMs rOstra aMnea habMbant et carne ho$inu$ vMscMbantur. 'lle postDua$ ad locu$ pervMnit, lacu$ vNditF in hOc aute$ lacP, DuN nOn procul erat ab oppidO, avMs habitLbant. APlla ta$en dabLtur appropinDuandN "acultLsF lacus eni$ nOn e- aDuL sed M lN$O cOnstitit. .erculMs igitur neDue pedibus neDue lintre prOgredN potuit. 'lle cu$ $Lgna$ parte$ diMN "rPstrL cOnsP$psisset, hOc cOnLtP dMstitit et ad +olcLnu$ sM contulit, ut au-iliu$ ab eO peteret. +olcLnus IDuN ab "abrNs $L-i$M colMbLturJ crepundia Duae ipse e- aere "abricLtus erat .erculN dedit. .Ns .erculMs ta$ Lcre$ crepitu$ "Mcit ut avMs perterritae LvolLrent. 'lle aute$, du$ Lvolant, $Lgnu$ nu$eru$ eLru$ sagittNs trLns"N-it.
3#. SEVENTH LABOR: THE CRETAN BULL

#u$ ,urystheus .erculN i$perLvit ut tauru$ Duenda$ "erOcissi$u$ e- NnsulL CrMtL vNvu$ re"erret. 'lle igitur nLve$ cOnscendit, et cu$ ventus idOneus esset, stati$ solvit. Cu$ ta$en Nnsulae ia$ appropinDuLret, tanta te$pestLs subitO coorta est ut nLvis cursu$ tenMre nOn posset. #antus

aute$ ti$or ani$Os nautLru$ occupLvit ut paene o$ne$ spe$ salPtis dMpOnerent. .erculMs ta$en, etsN nLvigandN i$perNtus erat, haudDuLDua$ territus est. Post breve te$pus su$$a tranDuillitLs cOnsecPta est, et nautae, DuN sM e- ti$Ore ia$ recMperant, nLve$ incolu$e$ ad terra$ appulMrunt. .erculMs M nLvN Mgressus est, et cu$ ad rMge$ CrMtae vMnisset, causa$ veniendN docuit. %einde, postDua$ o$nia parLta sunt, ad ea$ regiOne$ contendit Dua$ taurus vLstLbat. Co- tauru$ vNdit, et Dua$Dua$ rMs erat $LgnN perNculN, cornua Mius prehendit. #u$, cu$ ingentN labOre $Onstru$ ad nLve$ trL-isset, cu$ praedL in Graecia$ rediit.
3". EIGHTH LABOR: THE MAN-EATING HORSES OF DIOMEDE

PostDua$ e- NnsulL CrMtL rediit, .erculMs ab ,urystheO in #hrLcia$ $issus est, ut eDuOs %io$Mdis redPceret. .N eDuN carne ho$inu$ vMscMbanturF %io$MdMs aute$, vir crPdMlissi$us, illNs obiciMbat peregrNnOs o$nNs DuN in ea$ regiOne$ vMnerant. .erculMs igitur $LgnL celeritLte in #hrLcia$ contendit et ab %io$Mde postulLvit ut eDuN sibi trLderentur. Cu$ ta$en ille hOc "acere nOllet, .erculMs NrL co$$Otus rMge$ inter"Mcit et cadLver Mius eDuNs obicN iussit. 'ta $Nra rMru$ co$$PtLtiO "acta estF is eni$ DuN anteL $ultOs cu$ cruciLtP necLverat ipse eOde$ suppliciO necLtus est. Cu$ haec nPntiLta essent, o$nMs DuN ea$ regiOne$ incolMbant $L-i$L laetitiL ad"ectN sunt et .erculN $erita$ grLtia$ re"erMbant. AOn $odo $L-i$Ns honOribus et prae$iNs eu$ decorLvMrunt sed OrLbant etia$ ut rMgnu$ ipse susciperet. 'lle ta$en hOc "acere nOlMbat, et cu$ ad $are rediisset, nLve$ occupLvit. @bi o$nia ad nLvigandu$ parLta sunt, eDuOs in nLvN conlocLvitF deinde, cu$ idOnea$ te$pestLte$ nactus esset, sine $orL M portP solvit, et paulO post eDuOs in lNtus 5rgolicu$ e-posuit.
32. NINTH LABOR: THE GIRDLE OF HIPPOLYTE

GMns 5$LGonu$ dNcitur o$nNnO e- $ulieribus cOnstitisse. .ae su$$a$ scientia$ reN $NlitLris habMbant, et tanta$ virtPte$ adhibMbant ut cu$ virNs proeliu$ co$$ittere audMrent. .ippolytM, 5$LGonu$ rMgNna, balteu$ habuit celeberri$u$ Due$ CLrs eN dederat. 5d$Mta aute$, ,urystheN "Nlia, "L$a$ dM hOc balteO accMperat et eu$ possidMre vehe$enter cupiMbat. ,urystheus igitur .erculN $andLvit ut cOpiLs cOgeret et bellu$ 5$LGonibus Nn"erret. 'lle nPntiOs in o$nNs partNs dN$Nsit, et cu$ $Lgna $ultitPdO convMnisset, eOs dMlMgit DuN $L-i$u$ Psu$ in rM $NlitLrN habMbant.
33. THE GIRDLE IS REFUSED

.Ns virNs .erculMs persuLsit, postDua$ causa$ itineris e-posuit, ut sMcu$ iter "acerent. #u$ cu$ iNs Duibus persuLserat nLve$ cOnscendit, et cu$ ventus idOneus esset, post paucOs diMs ad Ostiu$ "lP$inis #her$Odontis appulit. PostDua$ in "NnNs 5$LGonu$ vMnit, nPntiu$ ad .ippolyta$ $Nsit, DuN causa$ veniendN docMret et balteu$ pOsceret. 'psa .ippolytM balteu$ trLdere volMbat, Duod dM .erculis virtPte "L$a$ accMperatF reliDuae ta$en 5$LGonMs eN persuLsMrunt ut negLret. 5t .erculMs, cu$ haec nPntiLta essent, bellN "ortPna$ te$ptLre cOnstituit. Pro-i$O igitur diM cu$ cOpiLs MdP-isset, locu$ idOneu$ dMlMgit et hostNs ad pPgna$ MvocLvit. 5$LGonMs DuoDue cOpiLs suLs e- castrNs MdP-Mrunt et nOn $LgnO intervLllO ab .ercule acie$ NnstrP-Mrunt.

34. THE BATTLE

PalPs erat nOn $Lgna inter duo e-ercitPsF neutrN ta$en initiu$ trLnseundN "acere volMbant. #ande$ .erculMs sNgnu$ dedit, et ubi palPde$ trLnsiit, proeliu$ co$$Nsit. 5$LGonMs i$petu$ virOru$ "ortissi$M sustinuMrunt, et contrL opNniOne$ o$niu$ tanta$ virtPte$ praestitMrunt ut $ultOs eOru$ occNderint, $ultOs etia$ in "uga$ coniMcerint. +irN eni$ novO genere pPgnae perturbLbantur nec $Lgna$ virtPte$ praestLbant. .erculMs aute$ cu$ haec vidMret, dM suNs "ortPnNs dMspMrLre coepit. CNlitMs igitur vehe$enter cohortLtus est ut prNstinae virtPtis $e$oria$ retinMrent neu tantu$ dMdecus ad$itterent, hostiu$Due i$petu$ "ortiter sustinMrentF Duibus verbNs ani$Os o$niu$ ita MrM-it ut $ultN etia$ DuN vulneribus cOn"ectN essent proeliu$ sine $orL redintegrLrent.
35. THE DEFEAT OF THE AMA ONS

%iP et Lcriter pPgnLtu$ estF tande$ ta$en ad sOlis occLsu$ tanta co$$PtLtiO rMru$ "acta est ut $ulierMs terga verterent et "ugL salPte$ peterent. Cultae aute$ vulneribus dM"essae du$ "ugiunt captae sunt, in DuO nu$erO ipsa erat .ippolytM. .erculMs su$$a$ clM$entia$ praestitit, et postDua$ balteu$ accMpit, lNbertLte$ o$nibus captNvNs dedit. #u$ vMrO sociOs ad $are redP-it, et Duod nOn $ultu$ aestLtis supererat, in Graecia$ pro"icNscN $LtPrLvit. ALve$ igitur cOnscendit, et te$pestLte$ idOnea$ nactus stati$ solvitF anteDua$ ta$en in Graecia$ pervMnit, ad urbe$ #rOia$ nLve$ appellere cOnstituit, "rP$entu$ eni$ Duod sMcu$ habMbat ia$ dM"icere coeperat.
36. LAOMEDON AND THE SEA-MONSTER

6Lo$edOn DuNda$ illO te$pore rMgnu$ #rOiae obtinMbat. 5d hunc AeptPnus et 5pollO annO superiOre vMnerant, et cu$ #rOia nOndu$ $oenia habMret, ad hOc opus au-iliu$ obtulerant. PostDua$ ta$en hOru$ au-iliO $oenia cOn"ecta sunt, nOlMbat 6Lo$edOn prae$iu$ Duod prOposuerat persolvere. AeptPnus igitur et 5pollO ob hanc causa$ NrLtN $Onstru$ Duodda$ $NsMrunt speciM horribilN, Duod cottNdiM M $arN veniMbat et ho$ines pecudMsDue vorLbat. #rOiLnN aute$ ti$Ore perterritN in urbe continMbantur, et pecora o$nia e- agrNs intrL $PrOs co$pulerant. 6Lo$edOn hNs rMbus co$$Otus OrLculu$ cOnsuluit, ac deus eN praecMpit ut "ilia$ .Msione$ $OnstrO obiceret.
37. THE RESCUE OF HESIONE

6Lo$edOn, cu$ hOc respOnsu$ renPntiLtu$ esset, $Lgnu$ dolOre$ percMpitF sed ta$en, ut cNvNs suOs tantO perNculO lNberLret, OrLculO pLrMre cOnstituit et die$ sacri"iciO dN-it. /ed sNve cLsP sNve cOnsiliO deOru$ .erculMs te$pore opportPnissi$O #rOia$ attigitF ipsO eni$ te$poris punctO DuO puella catMnNs vincta ad lNtus dMdPcMbLtur ille nLve$ appulit. .erculMs M nLvN Mgressus dM rMbus Duae gerMbantur certior "actus estF tu$ NrL co$$Otus ad rMge$ sM contulit et au-iliu$ suu$ obtulit. Cu$ rM- libenter eN concessisset ut, sN posset, puella$ lNberLret, .erculMs $Onstru$ inter"McitF et puella$, Duae ia$ o$ne$ spe$ salPtis dMposuerat, incolu$e$ ad patre$ redP-it. 6Lo$edOn $LgnO cu$ gaudiO "Nlia$ sua$ accMpit, et .erculN prO tantO bene"iciO $erita$ grLtia$ rettulit.

3 . TENTH LABOR: THE OXEN OF GERYON

#u$ vMrO $issus est .erculMs ad Nnsula$ ,rythNa$, ut bovMs GMryonis arcesseret. RMs erat su$$ae di""icultLtis, Duod bovMs L DuOda$ ,urytiOne et L cane bicipite custOdiMbantur. 'pse aute$ GMryOn specie$ horribile$ praebMbatF tria eni$ corpora inter sM coniPncta habMbat. .erculMs ta$en etsN intellegMbat Duantu$ perNculu$ esset, negOtiu$ suscMpitF ac postDua$ per $ultLs terrLs iter "Mcit, ad ea$ parte$ 6ibyae pervMnit Duae ,urOpae pro-i$a est. 'bi in utrODue lNtore "retN Duod ,urOpa$ L 6ibyL dNvidit colu$nLs cOnstituit, Duae posteL .erculis Colu$nae appellLbantur.
3!. THE GOLDEN SHIP

%u$ hNc $orLtur, .erculMs $Lgnu$ inco$$odu$ e- calOre sOlis accipiMbatF tande$ igitur NrL co$$Otus arcu$ suu$ intendit et sOle$ sagittNs petiit. /Ol ta$en audLcia$ virN tantu$ ad$NrLtus est ut lintre$ aurea$ eN dederit. .erculMs hOc dOnu$ libentissi$M accMpit, nPlla$ eni$ nLve$ in hNs regiOnibus invenNre potuerat. #u$ lintre$ dMdP-it, et ventu$ nactus idOneu$ post breve te$pus ad Nnsula$ pervMnit. @bi e- incolNs cOgnOvit DuO in locO bovMs essent, in ea$ parte$ stati$ pro"ectus est et L rMge GMryone postulLvit ut bovMs sibi trLderentur. Cu$ ta$en ille hOc "acere nOllet, .erculMs et rMge$ ipsu$ et ,urytiOne$, DuN erat ingentN $LgnitPdine corporis, inter"Mcit.
4#. A MIRACULOUS HAIL-STORM

#u$ .erculMs bovMs per .ispLnia$ et 6iguria$ co$pellere cOnstituitF postDua$ igitur o$nia parLta sunt, bovMs e- NnsulL ad continente$ trLnsportLvit. 6igurMs aute$, gMns bellicOsissi$a, du$ ille per "NnNs eOru$ iter "acit, $LgnLs cOpiLs coMgMrunt atDue eu$ longius prOgredN prohibMbant. .erculMs $Lgna$ di""icultLte$ habMbat, barbarN eni$ in locNs superiOribus cOnstiterant et sa-a tMlaDue in eu$ coniciMbant. 'lle Duide$ paene o$ne$ spe$ salPtis dMposuerat, sed te$pore opportPnissi$O 'uppiter i$bre$ lapidu$ ingentiu$ M caelO dM$Nsit. .N tantL vN cecidMrunt ut $Lgnu$ nu$eru$ 6iguru$ occNderintF ipse ta$en .erculMs Iut in tLlibus rMbus accidere cOnsuMvitJ nihil inco$$odN cMpit.
4". THE PASSAGE OF THE ALPS

PostDua$ 6igurMs hOc $odO superLtN sunt, .erculMs Dua$ celerri$M prOgressus est et post paucOs diMs ad 5lpNs pervMnit. Aecesse erat hLs trLnsNre, ut in Ntalia$ bovMs ageretF rMs ta$en su$$ae erat di""icultLtis. .N eni$ $ontMs, DuN PlteriOre$ L citeriOre GalliL dNvidunt, nive perennN sunt tMctNF Dua$ ob causa$ neDue "rP$entu$ neDue pLbulu$ in hNs regiOnibus invenNrN potest. .erculMs igitur anteDua$ ascendere coepit, $Lgna$ cOpia$ "rP$entN et pLbulN co$parLvit et hOc co$$eLtP bovMs onerLvit. PostDua$ in hNs rMbus trNs diMs cOnsP$pserat, DuartO diM pro"ectus est, et contrL o$niu$ opNniOne$ bovMs incolu$Ns in Ntalia$ trLdP-it.
42. CACUS STEALS THE OXEN

revN te$pore ad "lP$en #iberi$ vMnit. #u$ ta$en nPlla erat urbs in eO locO, RO$a eni$ nOndu$ condita erat. .erculMs itinere "essus cOnstituit ibi paucOs diMs $orLrN, ut sM e- labOribus

recreLret. .aud procul L valle ubi bovMs pLscMbantur spMlunca erat, in DuL CLcus, horribile $Onstru$, tu$ habitLbat. .Nc specie$ terribile$ praebMbat, nOn $odo Duod ingentN $LgnitPdine corporis erat, sed Duod Ngne$ e- Ore e-spNrLbat. CLcus aute$ dM adventP .erculis "L$a$ accMperatF noctP igitur vMnit, et du$ .erculMs dor$it, Duattuor pulcherri$Oru$ bou$ abripuit. .Os caudNs in spMlunca$ trL-it, nM .erculMs M vestNgiNs cOgnOscere posset DuO in locO cMlLtN essent.
43. HERCULES DISCOVERS THE THEFT

PosterO diM si$ul atDue M so$nO e-citLtus est, .erculMs "Prtu$ ani$advertit et bovMs L$issOs o$nibus locNs DuaerMbat. .Os ta$en nPsDua$ reperNre poterat, nOn $odo Duod locN nLtPra$ NgnOrLbat, sed Duod vestNgiNs "alsNs dMceptus est. #ande$ cu$ $Lgna$ parte$ diMN "rPstrL cOnsP$psisset, cu$ reliDuNs bObus prOgredN cOnstituit. 5t du$ pro"icNscN parat, Pnus M bObus DuOs sMcu$ habuit $PgNre coepit. /ubitO iN DuN in spMluncL inclPsN erant $PgNtu$ reddidMrunt, et hOc $odO .ercule$ certiOre$ "McMrunt DuO in locO cMlLtN essent. 'lle vehe$enter NrLtus ad spMlunca$ Dua$ celerri$M sM contulit, ut praeda$ reciperet. 5t CLcus sa-u$ ingMns ita dMiMcerat ut aditus spMluncae o$nNnO obstruerMtur.
44. HERCULES AND CACUS

.erculMs cu$ nPllu$ aliu$ introitu$ reperNre posset, hOc sa-u$ L$ovMre cOnLtus est, sed propter Mius $LgnitPdine$ rMs erat di""icilli$a. %iP "rPstrL labOrLbat neDue DuicDua$ e""icere poteratF tande$ ta$en $LgnO cOnLtP sa-u$ L$Ovit et spMlunca$ pate"Mcit. 'bi L$issOs bovMs $LgnO cu$ gaudiO cOnspM-itF sed CLcu$ ipsu$ vi- cernere potuit, Duod spMlunca replMta erat "P$O Due$ ille $Ore suO Mvo$Mbat. .erculMs inPsitLtL speciM turbLtus breve te$pus haesitLbatF $ota$en in spMlunca$ inrPpit et collu$ $OnstrN bracchiNs co$ple-us est. 'lle etsN $ultu$ repPgnLvit, nPllO $odO sM lNberLre potuit, et cu$ nPlla "acultLs respNrandN darMtur, $o- e-ani$Ltus est.
45. ELEVENTH LABOR: THE GOLDEN APPLES OF THE HESPERIDES

,urystheus postDua$ bovMs GMryonis accMpit, labOre$ Pndeci$u$ .erculN i$posuit, graviOre$ Dua$ DuOs suprL nLrrLvi$us. CandLvit eni$ eN ut aurea pO$a e- hortO .esperidu$ au"erret. .esperidMs aute$ ny$phae erant Duaeda$ "Or$L praestantissi$L, Duae in terrL longinDuL habitLbant, et Duibus aurea Duaeda$ pO$a L 'PnOne co$$issa erant. CultN ho$inMs aurN cupiditLte inductN haec pO$a au"erre ia$ anteL cOnLtN erant. RMs ta$en di""icilli$a erat, na$Due hortus in DuO pO$a erant $PrO ingentN undiDue circu$datus eratF praetereL dracO DuNda$ cui centu$ erant capita porta$ hortN dNligenter custOdiMbat. ?pus igitur Duod ,urystheus .erculN i$perLverat erat su$$ae di""icultLtis, nOn $odo ob causLs DuLs $e$orLvi$us, sed etia$ Duod .erculMs o$nNnO NgnOrLbat DuO in locO hortus ille situs esset.
!". HERCULES ASKS AID OF ATLAS

.erculMs Dua$Dua$ DuiMte$ vehe$enter cupiMbat, ta$en ,urystheO pLrMre cOnstituit, et si$ul ac iPssa Mius accMpit, pro"icNscN $LtPrLvit. L $ultNs $ercLtOribus DuaesNverat DuO in locO .esperidMs habitLrent, nihil ta$en certu$ reperNre potuerat. FrPstrL per $ultLs terrLs iter "Mcit et $ulta perNcula subiitF tande$, cu$ in hNs itineribus tOtu$ annu$ cOnsP$psisset, ad e-trM$a$ parte$ orbis terrLru$, Duae pro-i$a est OceanO, pervMnit. .Nc stLbat vir DuNda$, no$ine 5tlLs,

ingentN $LgnitPdine corporis, DuN caelu$ Iita trLditu$ estJ u$erNs suNs sustinMbat, nM in terra$ dMcideret. .erculMs tantLs vNrNs $Lgnopere $NrLtus stati$ in conloDuiu$ cu$ 5tlante vMnit, et cu$ causa$ itineris docuisset, au-iliu$ ab eO petiit.
47. HERCULES BEARS UP THE HEAVENS

5tlLs aute$ .erculN $L-i$M prOdesse potuitF ille eni$ cu$ ipse esset pater .esperidu$, certO scNvit DuO in locO esset hortus. PostDua$ igitur audNvit Dua$ ob causa$ .erculMs vMnisset, &'pse,& inDuit, &ad hortu$ NbO et "NliLbus $eNs persuLdMbO ut pO$a suL sponte trLdant.& .erculMs cu$ haec audNret, $Lgnopere gLvNsus estF vi$ eni$ adhibMre nOluit, sN rMs aliter "ierN posset. COnstituit igitur oblLtu$ au-iliu$ accipere. 5tlLs ta$en postulLvit ut, du$ ipse abesset, .erculMs caelu$ u$erNs sustinMret. .Oc aute$ negOtiu$ .erculMs libenter suscMpit, et Dua$Dua$ rMs erat su$$N labOris, tOtu$ pondus caelN continuOs co$plPrNs diMs sOlus sustinMbat.
4 . THE RETURN OF ATLAS

5tlLs intereL abierat et ad hortu$ .esperidu$, DuN pauca $Nlia passuu$ aberat, sM Dua$ celerri$M contulerat. ,O cu$ vMnisset, causa$ veniendN e-posuit et "NliLs suLs vehe$enter hortLtus est ut pO$a trLderent. 'llae diP haerMbantF nOlMbant eni$ hOc "acere, Duod ab ipsL 'PnOne Iita ut ante dictu$ estJ hOc $Pnus accMpissent. 5tlLs ta$en aliDuandO iNs persuLsit ut sibi pLrMrent, et pO$a ad .ercule$ rettulit. .erculMs intereL cu$ plPrNs diMs e-spectLvisset neDue Plla$ "L$a$ dM reditP 5tlantis accMpisset, hLc $orL graviter co$$Otus est. #ande$ DuNntO diM 5tlante$ vNdit redeunte$, et $o- $LgnO cu$ gaudiO pO$a accMpitF tu$, postDua$ grLtiLs prO tantO bene"iciO Mgit, ad Graecia$ pro"icNscN $LtPrLvit.
4!. TWELFTH LABOR: CERBERUS THE THREE-HEADED DOG

PostDua$ aurea pO$a ad ,urystheu$ relLta sunt, Pnus $odo relinDuMbLtur M duodeci$ labOribus DuOs PSthia .erculN praecMperat. ,urystheus aute$ cu$ .ercule$ $Lgnopere ti$Mret, eu$ in aliDue$ locu$ $ittere volMbat unde nu$Dua$ redNre posset. AegOtiu$ igitur eN dedit ut cane$ Cerberu$ e- ?rcO in lPce$ traheret. .Oc opus o$niu$ di""icilli$u$ erat, nM$O eni$ u$Dua$ e- ?rcO redierat. PraetereL Cerberus iste $Onstru$ erat horribilN speciM, cui tria erant capita serpentibus saevNs cincta. 5nteDua$ ta$en dM hOc labOre nLrrL$us, nOn aliMnu$ vidMtur, Duonia$ dM ?rcO $entiOne$ "Mci$us, pauca dM eL regiOne prOpOnere.
5#. CHARON'S FERRY

%M ?rcO, DuN Nde$ .LdMs appellLbLtur, haec trLduntur. @t DuisDue dM vNtL dMcesserat, $LnMs Mius ad ?rcu$, sMde$ $ortuOru$, L deO CercuriO dMdPcMbantur. .Pius regiOnis, Duae sub terrL "uisse dNcitur, rM- erat PlPtO, cui u-or erat PrOserpina, 'ovis et Cereris "Nlia. CLnMs igitur L CercuriO dMductN prN$u$ ad rNpa$ veniMbant /tygis "lP$inis, DuO rMgnu$ PlPtOnis continMtur. .Oc trLnsNre necesse erat anteDua$ in ?rcu$ venNre possent. Cu$ ta$en in hOc "lP$ine nPllus pOns "actus esset, $LnMs trLnsvehMbantur L Charonte DuOda$, DuN cu$ parvL scaphL ad rNpa$ e-spectLbat. CharOn prO hOc o""iciO $ercMde$ postulLbat, neDue Due$Dua$, nisi hOc prae$iu$ prius dedisset, trLnsvehere volMbat. Qua$ ob causa$ $Os erat apud antNDuOs nu$$u$ in Ore $ortuN pOnere eO cOnsiliO, ut cu$ ad /tyge$ vMnisset, pretiu$ trLiectPs solvere posset. 'N aute$ DuN post $orte$ in

terrL nOn sepultN erant /tyge$ trLnsNre nOn potuMrunt, sed in rNpL per centu$ annOs errLre coLctN suntF tu$ dM$u$ ?rcu$ intrLre licuit.
5". THE REALM OF PLUTO

@t aute$ $LnMs /tyge$ hOc $odO trLnsierant, ad alteru$ veniMbant "lP$en, Duod 6MthM appellLbLtur. ,- hOc "lP$ine aDua$ bibere cOgMbanturF Duod cu$ "Mcissent, rMs o$nNs in vNtL gestLs M $e$oriL dMpOnMbant. %MniDue ad sMde$ ipsNus PlPtOnis veniMbant, cPius introitus L cane CerberO custOdiMbLtur. 'bi PlPtO nigrO vestNtP indPtus cu$ u-Ore PrOserpinL in soliO sedMbat. /tLbant etia$ nOn procul ab eO locO tria alia solia, in Duibus sedMbant CNnOs, Rhada$anthus, 5eacusDue, iPdicMs apud Nn"erOs. .N $ortuNs iPs dNcMbant et prae$ia poenLsDue cOnstituMbant. onN eni$ in Ca$pOs MlysiOs, sMde$ beLtOru$, veniMbantF i$probN aute$ in #artaru$ $ittMbantur ac $ultNs et variNs suppliciNs ibi e-cruciLbantur.
52. HERCULES CROSSES THE STYX

.erculMs postDua$ i$peria ,urystheN accMpit, in 6acOnia$ ad #aenaru$ stati$ sM contulitF ibi eni$ spMlunca erat ingentN $LgnitPdine, per Dua$, ut trLdMbLtur, ho$inMs ad ?rcu$ dMscendMbant. ,O cu$ vMnisset, e- incolNs DuaesNvit DuO in locO spMlunca illa sita essetF Duod cu$ cOgnOvisset, sine $orL dMscendere cOnstituit. Aec ta$en sOlus hOc iter "aciMbat, Cercurius eni$ et Cinerva sM eN sociOs adiPn-erant. @bi ad rNpa$ /tygis vMnit, .erculMs scapha$ Charontis cOnscendit, ut ad PlteriOre$ rNpa$ trLnsNret. Cu$ ta$en .erculMs vir esset ingentN $LgnitPdine corporis, CharOn solvere nOlMbatF $Lgnopere eni$ verMbLtur nM scapha sua tantO pondere onerLta in $ediO "lP$ine $ergerMtur. #ande$ ta$en $inNs .erculis territus CharOn scapha$ solvit, et eu$ incolu$e$ ad PlteriOre$ rNpa$ perdP-it.
53. THE LAST LABOR IS ACCOMPLISHED

PostDua$ "lP$en /tyge$ hOc $odO trLnsiit, .erculMs in sMde$ ipsNus PlPtOnis vMnitF et postDua$ causa$ veniendN docuit, ab eO petNvit ut Cerberu$ au"erre sibi licMret. PlPtO, DuN dM .ercule "L$a$ accMperat, eu$ benNgnM e-cMpit, et "acultLte$ Dua$ ille petMbat libenter dedit. PostulLvit ta$en ut .erculMs ipse, cu$ i$perLta ,urystheN "Mcisset, Cerberu$ in ?rcu$ rPrsus redPceret. .erculMs hOc pollicitus est, et Cerberu$, Due$ nOn sine $LgnO perNculO $anibus prehenderat, su$$O cu$ labOre e- ?rcO in lPce$ et ad urbe$ ,urystheN trL-it. ,O cu$ vMnisset, tantus ti$or ani$u$ ,urystheN occupLvit ut e- LtriO stati$ re"PgeritF cu$ aute$ paulu$ sM eti$Ore recMpisset, $ultNs cu$ lacri$Ns obsecrLvit .ercule$ ut $Onstru$ sine $orL in ?rcu$ redPceret. /Nc contrL o$niu$ opNniOne$ duodeci$ illN labOrMs DuOs PSthia praecMperat intrL duodeci$ annOs cOn"ectN suntF Duae cu$ ita essent, .erculMs servitPte tande$ lNberLtus $LgnO cu$ gaudiO #hMbLs rediit.
54. THE CENTAUR NESSUS

PosteL .erculMs $ulta alia praeclLra per"Mcit, Duae nunc perscrNbere longu$ est. #ande$ ia$ aetLte prOvectus %MianNra$, ?eneN "Nlia$, in $Ltri$Oniu$ dP-itF post ta$en trNs annOs accidit ut pueru$ Duenda$, cui nO$en erat ,uno$us, cLsP occNderit. Cu$ aute$ $Os esset ut sN Duis ho$ine$ cLsP occNdisset, in e-siliu$ Nret, .erculMs cu$ u-Ore suL M "Nnibus Mius cNvitLtis e-Nre

$LtPrLvit. %u$ ta$en iter "aciunt, ad "lP$en Duodda$ pervMnMrunt in DuO nPllus pOns eratF et du$ Duaerunt DuOna$ $odO "lP$en trLnseant, accurrit centaurus Aessus, DuN viLtOribus au-iliu$ obtulit. .erculMs igitur u-Ore$ sua$ in tergu$ AessN i$posuitF tu$ ipse "lP$en trLnLvit. Aessus aute$ paulu$ in aDua$ prOgressus ad rNpa$ subitO revertMbLtur et %MianNra$ au"erre cOnLbLtur. Quod cu$ ani$advertisset .erculMs, NrL graviter co$$Otus arcu$ intendit et pectus AessN sagittL trLns"N-it.
55. THE POISONED ROBE

Aessus igitur sagittL .erculis trLns"N-us $oriMns hu$N iacMbatF at nM occLsiOne$ suN ulcNscendN dN$itteret, ita locPtus est4 &#P, %MianNra, verba $orientis audN. /N a$Ore$ $arNtN tuN cOnservLre vNs, hunc sanguine$ DuN nunc M pectore $eO e""unditur sP$e ac repOneF tu$, sN u$Dua$ in suspNciOne$ tibi vMnerit, veste$ $arNtN hOc sanguine Nn"iciMs.& .aec locPtus Aessus ani$a$ e""lLvitF %MianNra aute$ nihil $alN suspicLta i$perLta "Mcit. PaulO post .erculMs bellu$ contrL ,urytu$, rMge$ ?echaliae, suscMpitF et cu$ rMge$ ipsu$ cu$ "NliNs inter"Mcisset, 'olMn Mius "Nlia$ captNva$ sMcu$ redP-it. 5nteDua$ ta$en do$u$ vMnit, nLve$ ad CMnaeu$ prO$unturiu$ appulit, et in terra$ Mgressus Lra$ cOnstituit, ut 'ovN sacri"icLret. %u$ ta$en sacri"iciu$ parat, 6icha$ co$ite$ suu$ do$u$ $Nsit, DuN veste$ alba$ re"erretF $Os eni$ erat apud antNDuOs, du$ sacri"icia "acerent, alba$ veste$ gerere. 5t %MianNra verita nM .erculMs a$Ore$ ergL 'olMn habMret, veste$ priusDua$ 6ichae dedit, sanguine AessN Nn"Mcit. :'llustration4 .,RC@6,/, A,//@/, 5A% %,J5A'R5=
56. THE DEATH OF HERCULES

.erculMs nihil $alN suspicLns veste$ Dua$ 6ichLs attulerat stati$ induitF paulO post ta$en dolOre$ per o$nia $e$bra sMnsit, et Duae causa esset Mius reN $Lgnopere $irLbLtur. %olOre paene e-ani$Ltus veste$ dMtrahere cOnLtus estF illa ta$en in corpore haesit, neDue PllO $odO abscindN potuit. #u$ dM$u$ .erculMs Duasi "urOre i$pulsus in $onte$ ?cta$ sM contulit, et in rogu$, Due$ su$$L celeritLte e-strP-it, sM i$posuit. .Oc cu$ "Mcisset, eOs DuN circu$stLbant OrLvit ut rogu$ Dua$ celerri$M succenderent. ?$nMs diP recPsLbantF tande$ ta$en pLstor DuNda$ ad $isericordia$ inductus Ngne$ subdidit. #u$, du$ o$nia "P$O obscPrantur, .erculMs dMnsL nPbe vMlLtus L 'ove in ?ly$pu$ abreptus est.

THE ARGONAUTS

The celebrated "oya(e of the Ar(onauts 2as brou(ht about in this 2ay= Pelias had expelled his brother Aeson from his %in(dom in Thessaly, and had determined to ta%e the life of 0ason, the son of Aeson= 0ason, ho2e"er, escaped and (re2 up to manhood in another country= At last he returned to Thessaly; and Pelias, fearin( that he mi(ht attempt to reco"er the %in(dom, sent him to fetch the 'olden Fleece from 5olchis, supposin( this to be an impossible feat= 0ason 2ith a band of heroes set sail in the ship Ar(o @called after Ar(us, its builderA, and after many ad"entures reached 5olchis= *ere Ae6tes, %in( of 5olchis, 2ho 2as un2illin( to (i"e up the Fleece, set 0ason to perform 2hat seemed an impossible tas%, namely to plou(h a field 2ith certain fire-breathin( oxen, and then to so2 it 2ith dra(on)s teeth= +ed6a, ho2e"er, the dau(hter of the %in(, assisted 0ason by her s%ill in ma(ic, first to perform the tas% appointed, and then to procure the Fleece= 3he then fled 2ith 0ason, and to delay the pursuit of her father, sacrificed her brother Absyrtus= After reachin( Thessaly, +ed6a caused the death of Pelias and 2as expelled from the country 2ith her husband=

They remo"ed to 5orinth, and here +ed6a becomin( 8ealous of 'lauce, dau(hter of 5reon, caused her death by means of a poisoned robe= 3he 2as after2ard carried off in a chariot sent by the sun(od, and a little later 0ason 2as accidentally %illed.
#$. THE WICKED UNCLE

,rant Oli$ in #hessaliL duo "rLtrMs, DuOru$ alter 5esOn, PeliLs alter appellLbLtur. 5esOn prN$O rMgnu$ obtinueratF at post paucOs annOs PeliLs rMgnN cupiditLte adductus nOn $odo "rLtre$ suu$ e-pulit, sed etia$ in ani$O habMbat 'Lsone$, 5esonis "Nliu$, inter"icere. QuNda$ ta$en ea$NcNs 5esonis, ubi sententia$ Peliae cOgnOvMrunt, pueru$ M tantO perNculO Mripere cOnstituMrunt. AoctP igitur 'Lsone$ e- urbe abstulMrunt, et cu$ posterO diM ad rMge$ rediissent, eN renPntiLvMrunt pueru$ $ortuu$ esse. PeliLs cu$ hOc audNvisset, etsN rM vMrL $Lgnu$ gaudiu$ percipiMbat, specie$ ta$en dolOris praebuit et Duae causa esset $ortis DuaesNvit. 'llN aute$ cu$ bene intellegerent dolOre$ Mius "alsu$ esse, nesciO Dua$ "Lbula$ dM $orte puerN "in-Mrunt.
5 . A FATEFUL ACCIDENT

Post breve te$pus PeliLs, veritus nM rMgnu$ suu$ tantL vN et "raude occupLtu$ L$itteret, a$Ncu$ Duenda$ %elphOs $Nsit, DuN OrLculu$ cOnsuleret. 'lle igitur Dua$ celerri$M %elphOs sM contulit et Dua$ ob causa$ vMnisset dM$OnstrLvit. Respondit OrLculu$ nPllu$ esse in praesentiL perNculu$F $onuit ta$en Pelia$ ut sN Duis Pnu$ calceu$ gerMns venNret, eu$ cavMret. Post paucNs annNs accidit ut PeliLs $Lgnu$ sacri"iciu$ "actPrus essetF nPntiOs in o$nNs partNs dN$Nserat et certa$ die$ conveniendN dN-erat. %iM cOnstitPtL $Lgnus ho$inu$ nu$erus undiDue e- agrNs convMnitF in hNs aute$ vMnit etia$ 'LsOn, DuN L pueritiL apud centauru$ Duenda$ habitLverat. %u$ ta$en iter "acit, Pnu$ M calceNs in trLnseundO nesciO DuO "lP$ine L$Nsit.
5!. THE GOLDEN FLEECE

'LsOn igitur cu$ calceu$ L$issu$ nPllO $odO recipere posset, PnO pede nPdO in rMgia$ pervMnit. Que$ cu$ PeliLs vNdisset, subitO ti$Ore ad"ectus estF intellM-it eni$ hunc esse ho$ine$ Due$ OrLculu$ dM$OnstrLvisset. .Oc igitur cOnsiliu$ iniit. RM- erat DuNda$ 5eMtMs, DuN rMgnu$ Colchidis illO te$pore obtinMbat. .uic co$$issu$ erat vellus illud aureu$ Duod Phri-us Oli$ ibi relNDuerat. COnstituit igitur PeliLs 'LsonN negOtiu$ dare ut hOc vellere potNrMturF cu$ eni$ rMs esset $LgnN perNculN, eu$ in itinere peritPru$ esse spMrLbat. 'Lsone$ igitur ad sM arcessNvit, et eu$ cohortLtus Duid "ierN vellet docuit. 'lle etsN intellegMbat re$ esse di""icilli$a$, negOtiu$ libenter suscMpit.
6#. THE BUILDING OF THE GOOD SHIP ARGO

Cu$ ta$en Colchis $ultOru$ diMru$ iter ab eO locO abesset, sOlus 'LsOn pro"icNscN nOluit. %N$Nsit igitur nPntiOs in o$nNs partNs, DuN causa$ itineris docMrent et die$ certa$ conveniendN dNcerent. 'ntereL, postDua$ o$nia Duae sunt PsuN ad ar$andLs nLvNs co$portLrN iussit, negOtiu$ dedit 5rgO cuida$, DuN su$$a$ scientia$ nauticLru$ rMru$ habMbat, ut nLve$ aedi"icLret. 'n hNs rMbus circiter dece$ diMs cOnsP$ptN suntF 5rgus eni$, DuN operN praeerat, tanta$ dNligentia$ adhibMbat ut nM nocturnu$ Duide$ te$pus ad labOre$ inter$itteret. 5d $ultitPdine$ ho$inu$ trLnsportanda$ nLvis paulO erat lLtior Dua$ Duibus in nostrO $arN PtN cOnsuMvi$us, et ad vi$

te$pestLtu$ per"erenda$ tOta M rObore "acta est.

6". THE ANCHOR IS WEIGHED

'ntereL is diMs appetMbat Due$ 'LsOn per nPntiOs MdN-erat, et e- o$nibus regiOnibus Graeciae $ultN, DuOs aut reN novitLs aut spMs glOriae $ovMbat, undiDue conveniMbant. #rLditu$ est aute$ in hOc nu$erO "uisse .ercule$, dM DuO suprL $ulta perscrNpsi$us, ?rpheu$, citharoedu$ praeclLrissi$u$, #hMseu$, Castore$, $ultOsDue aliOs Duoru$ nO$ina sunt nOtissi$a. ,- hNs 'LsOn DuOs arbitrLtus est ad o$nia perNcula subeunda parLtissi$Os esse, eOs ad nu$eru$ DuNnDuLgintL dMlMgit et sociOs sibi adiPn-itF tu$ paucOs diMs co$$orLtus, ut ad o$nNs cLsPs subsidia co$parLret, nLve$ dMdP-it, et te$pestLte$ ad nLvigandu$ idOnea$ nactus $LgnO cu$ plausP o$niu$ solvit.
62. A FATAL MISTAKE

.aud $ultO post 5rgonautae Iita eni$ appellLbantur DuN in istL nLvN vehMbanturJ Nnsula$ Duanda$, nO$ine CyGicu$, attigMruntF et M nLvN MgressN L rMge illNus regiOnis hospitiO e-ceptN sunt. PaucLs hOrLs ibi co$$orLtN ad sOlis occLsu$ rPrsus solvMruntF sed postDua$ pauca $Nlia passuu$ prOgressN sunt, tanta te$pestLs subitO coorta est ut cursu$ tenMre nOn possent, et in eande$ parte$ Nnsulae unde nPper pro"ectN erant $LgnO cu$ perNculO dMicerentur. 'ncolae ta$en, cu$ no- esset obscPra, 5rgonautLs nOn LgnOscMbant, et nLve$ ini$Nca$ vMnisse arbitrLtN ar$a rapuMrunt et eOs MgredN prohibMbant. Lcriter in lNtore pPgnLtu$ est, et rM- ipse, DuN cu$ aliNs dMcucurrerat, ab 5rgonautNs occNsus est. Co- ta$en, cu$ ia$ dNlPcMsceret, sMnsMrunt incolae sM errLre et ar$a abiMcMruntF 5rgonautae aute$ cu$ rMge$ occNsu$ esse vidMrent, $Lgnu$ dolOre$ percMpMrunt.
63. THE LOSS OF HYLAS

PostrNdiM Mius diMN 'LsOn te$pestLte$ satis idOnea$ esse arbitrLtus Isu$$a eni$ tranDuillitLs ia$ cOnsecPta eratJ, ancorLs sustulit, et pauca $Nlia passuu$ prOgressus ante nocte$ CSsia$ attigit. 'bi paucLs hOrLs in ancorNs e-spectLvitF L nautNs eni$ cOgnOverat aDuae cOpia$ Dua$ sMcu$ habMrent ia$ dM"icere, Dua$ ob causa$ DuNda$ e- 5rgonautNs in terra$ MgressN aDua$ DuaerMbant. .Oru$ in nu$erO erat .ylLs DuNda$, puer "Or$L praestantissi$L. QuN du$ "onte$ Duaerit, L co$itibus paulu$ sMcesserat. Ay$phae aute$ Duae "onte$ colMbant, cu$ iuvene$ vNdissent, eN persuLdMre cOnLtae sunt ut sMcu$ $anMretF et cu$ ille negLret sM hOc "actPru$ esse, pueru$ vN abstulMrunt. Co$itMs Mius postDua$ .yla$ L$issu$ esse sMnsMrunt, $LgnO dolOre ad"ectN diP "rPstrL DuaerMbant. .erculMs aute$ et PolyphM$us, DuN vestNgia puerN longius secPtN erant, ubi tande$ ad lNtus rediMrunt, 'Lsone$ solvisse cOgnOvMrunt.
64. DIFFICULT DINING

Post haec 5rgonautae ad #hrLcia$ cursu$ tenuMrunt, et postDua$ ad oppidu$ /al$ydMssu$ nLve$ appulMrunt, in terra$ MgressN sunt. 'bi cu$ ab incolNs DuaesNssent Duis rMgnu$ Mius regiOnis obtinMret, certiOrMs "actN sunt PhNneu$ Duenda$ tu$ rMge$ esse. COgnOvMrunt etia$ hunc caecu$ esse et dNrO DuOda$ suppliciO ad"icN, Duod Oli$ sM crPdMlissi$u$ in "NliOs suOs praebuisset. CPius supplicN hOc erat genus. Cissa erant L 'ove $Onstra Duaeda$ speciM horribilN, Duae capita virginu$, corpora volucru$ habMbant. .ae volucrMs, Duae .arpSiae appellLbantur,

PhNneO su$$a$ $olestia$ ad"erMbantF DuotiMns eni$ ille accubuerat, veniMbant et cibu$ appositu$ stati$ au"erMbant. QuO "actu$ est ut haud $ultu$ abesset DuNn PhNneus "a$M $orerMtur.
65. THE DELIVERANCE OF PHINEUS

RMs igitur $ale sM habMbat cu$ 5rgonautae nLve$ appulMrunt. PhNneus aute$ si$ul atDue audNvit eOs in suOs "NnNs MgressOs esse, $Lgnopere gLvNsus est. /ciMbat eni$ Duanta$ opNniOne$ virtPtis 5rgonautae habMrent, nec dubitLbat DuNn sibi au-iliu$ "errent. APntiu$ igitur ad nLve$ $Nsit, DuN 'Lsone$ sociOsDue ad rMgia$ vocLret. ,O cu$ vMnissent, PhNneus dM$OnstrLvit DuantO in perNculO suae rMs essent, et prO$Nsit sM $Lgna prae$ia datPru$ esse, sN illN re$ediu$ repperissent. 5rgonautae negOtiu$ libenter suscMpMrunt, et ubi hOra vMnit, cu$ rMge accubuMruntF at si$ul ac cMna apposita est, .arpSiae cMnLculu$ intrLvMrunt et cibu$ au"erre cOnLbantur. 5rgonautae prN$u$ gladiNs volucrMs petiMruntF cu$ ta$en vidMrent hOc nihil prOdesse, TMtMs et Calais, DuN LlNs erant NnstrPctN, in Lera sM sublevLvMrunt, ut dMsuper i$petu$ "acerent. Quod cu$ sMnsissent .arpSiae, reN novitLte perterritae stati$ au"PgMrunt, neDue posteL u$Dua$ rediMrunt.
66. THE SYMPLEGADES

.Oc "actO PhNneus, ut prO tantO bene"iciO $erita$ grLtia$ re"erret, 'LsonN dM$OnstrLvit DuL ratiOne /y$plMgadMs vNtLre posset. /y$plMgadMs aute$ duae erant rPpMs ingentN $LgnitPdine, Duae L 'ove positae erant eO cOnsiliO, nM Duis ad Colchida pervenNret. .ae parvO intervLllO in $arN natLbant, et sN Duid in $ediu$ spatiu$ vMnerat, incrMdibilN celeritLte concurrMbant. PostDua$ igitur L PhNneO doctus est Duid "aciendu$ esset, 'LsOn sublLtNs ancorNs nLve$ solvit, et lMnN ventO prOvectus $o- ad /y$plMgadMs appropinDuLvit. #u$ in prOrL stLns colu$ba$ Dua$ in $anP tenMbat M$Nsit. 'lla rMctL viL per $ediu$ spatiu$ volLvit, et priusDua$ rPpMs cOn"lN-Mrunt, incolu$is MvLsit caudL tantu$ L$issL. #u$ rPpMs utri$Due discessMruntF anteDua$ ta$en rPrsus concurrerent, 5rgonautae, bene intellegentMs o$ne$ spe$ salPtis in celeritLte posita$ esse, su$$L vN rM$Ns contendMrunt et nLve$ incolu$e$ perdP-Mrunt. .Oc "actO dNs grLtiLs $L-i$Ls MgMrunt, DuOru$ au-iliO M tantO perNculO MreptN essentF o$nMs eni$ sciMbant nOn sine au-iliO deOru$ re$ ta$ "MlNciter MvMnisse.
67. A HEAVY TASK

revN inter$issO spatiO 5rgonautae ad "lP$en PhLsi$ vMnMrunt, Duod in "Nnibus ColchOru$ erat. 'bi cu$ nLve$ appulissent et in terra$ MgressN essent, stati$ ad rMge$ 5eMte$ sM contulMrunt et ab eO postulLvMrunt ut vellus aureu$ sibi trLderMtur. 'lle cu$ audNvisset Dua$ ob causa$ 5rgonautae vMnissent, NrL co$$Otus est et diP negLbat sM vellus trLditPru$ esse. #ande$ ta$en, Duod sciMbat 'Lsone$ nOn sine au-iliO deOru$ hOc negOtiu$ suscMpisse, $PtLtL sententiL prO$Nsit sM vellus trLditPru$, sN 'LsOn labOrMs duOs di""icilli$Os prius per"McissetF et cu$ 'LsOn dN-isset sM ad o$nia perNcula subeunda parLtu$ esse, Duid "ierN vellet ostendit. PrN$u$ iungendN erant duo taurN speciM horribilN, DuN "la$$Ls e- Ore MdMbantF tu$ hNs iPnctNs ager DuNda$ arandus erat et dentMs dracOnis serendN. .Ns audNtNs 'LsOn etsN re$ esse su$$N perNculN intellegMbat, ta$en, nM hanc occLsiOne$ reN bene gerendae L$itteret, negOtiu$ suscMpit.

6 . THE MAGIC OINTMENT

CMdMa, rMgis "Nlia, 'Lsone$ ada$Lvit, et ubi audNvit eu$ tantu$ perNculu$ subitPru$ esse, re$ aegrM "erMbat. 'ntellegMbat eni$ patre$ suu$ hunc labOre$ prOposuisse eO ipsO cOnsiliO, ut 'LsOn $orerMtur. Quae cu$ ita essent, CMdMa, Duae su$$a$ scientia$ $edicNnae habMbat, hOc cOnsiliu$ iniit. CediL nocte Nnsciente patre e- urbe MvLsit, et postDua$ in $ontNs "Nniti$Os vMnit, herbLs DuLsda$ carpsitF tu$ sPcO e-pressO unguentu$ parLvit Duod vN suL corpus aleret nervOsDue cOn"Nr$Lret. .Oc "actO 'LsonN unguentu$ deditF praecMpit aute$ ut eO diM DuO istN labOrMs cOn"iciendN essent corpus suu$ et ar$a $Lne oblineret. 'LsOn etsN paene o$nibus ho$inibus $LgnitPdine et vNribus corporis antecellMbat IvNta eni$ o$nis in vMnLtiOnibus atDue in studiO reN $NlitLris cOnsP$MbLturJ, ta$en hOc cOnsiliu$ nOn neglegendu$ esse cMnsMbat.
6!. THE SOWING OF THE DRAGON'S TEETH

@bi is diMs vMnit Due$ rM- ad arandu$ agru$ MdN-erat, 'LsOn ortL lPce cu$ sociNs ad locu$ cOnstitPtu$ sM contulit. 'bi stabulu$ ingMns repperit, in DuO taurN erant inclPsNF tu$ portNs apertNs taurOs in lPce$ trL-it, et su$$L cu$ di""icultLte iugu$ i$posuit. 5t 5eMtMs cu$ vidMret taurOs nihil contrL 'Lsone$ valMre, $Lgnopere $NrLtus estF nesciMbat eni$ "Nlia$ sua$ au-iliu$ eN dedisse. #u$ 'LsOn o$nibus aspicientibus agru$ arLre coepit, DuL in rM tanta$ dNligentia$ praebuit ut ante $erNdie$ tOtu$ opus cOn"Mcerit. .Oc "actO ad locu$ ubi rM- sedMbat adiit et dentNs dracOnis postulLvitF DuOs ubi accMpit, in agru$ Due$ arLverat $LgnL cu$ dNligentiL sparsit. .Oru$ aute$ dentiu$ nLtPra erat tLlis ut in eO locO ubi sM$entMs "actae essent virN ar$LtN $NrO DuOda$ $odO gNgnerentur.
7#. A STRANGE CROP

AOndu$ ta$en 'LsOn tOtu$ opus cOn"MceratF i$perLverat eni$ eN 5eMtMs ut ar$LtOs virOs DuN M dentibus gNgnerentur sOlus inter"iceret. PostDua$ igitur o$nNs dentNs in agru$ sparsit, 'LsOn lassitPdine e-ani$Ltus DuiMtN sM trLdidit, du$ virN istN gNgnerentur. PaucLs hOrLs dor$iMbat, sub vesperu$ ta$en M so$nO subitO e-citLtus re$ ita MvMnisse ut praedictu$ esset cOgnOvitF na$ in o$nibus agrN partibus virN ingentN $LgnitPdine corporis gladiNs galeNsDue ar$LtN $Nru$ in $odu$ M terrL oriMbantur. .Oc cOgnitO 'LsOn cOnsiliu$ Duod dedisset CMdMa nOn o$ittendu$ esse putLbat. /a-u$ igitur ingMns Iita eni$ CMdMa praecMperatJ in $ediOs virOs coniMcit. 'llN undiDue ad locu$ concurrMrunt, et cu$ DuisDue sibi id sa-u$ nesciO cPr habMre vellet, $Lgna contrOversia orta est. Co- strictNs gladiNs inter sM pPgnLre coepMrunt, et cu$ hOc $odO plPri$N occNsN essent, reliDuN vulneribus cOn"ectN L 'Lsone nPllO negOtiO inter"ectN sunt.
7". THE FLIGHT OF MEDEA

RM- 5eMtMs ubi 'Lsone$ labOre$ prOpositu$ cOn"Mcisse cOgnOvit, NrL graviter co$$Otus estF id eni$ per dolu$ "actu$ esse intellegMbatF nec dubitLbat DuNn CMdMa eN au-iliu$ tulisset. CMdMa aute$ cu$ intellegeret sM in $LgnO "ore perNculO sN in rMgiL $anMret, "ugL salPte$ petere cOnstituit. ?$nibus rMbus igitur ad "uga$ parLtNs $ediL nocte Nnsciente patre cu$ "rLtre 5bsyrtO MvLsit, et Dua$ celerri$M ad locu$ ubi 5rgO subducta erat sM contulit. ,O cu$ vMnisset, ad pedMs 'Lsonis sM prOiMcit, et $ultNs cu$ lacri$Ns eu$ obsecrLvit nM in tantO discrN$ine $uliere$ dMsereret Duae eN tantu$ prO"uisset. 'lle Duod $e$oriL tenMbat sM per Mius au-iliu$ M $LgnO perNculO MvLsisse,

libenter ea$ e-cMpit, et postDua$ causa$ veniendN audNvit, hortLtus est nM patris Nra$ ti$Mret. PrO$Nsit aute$ sM Dua$ prN$u$ ea$ in nLvN suL LvectPru$.
72. THE SEI URE OF THE FLEECE

PostrNdiM Mius diMN 'LsOn cu$ sociNs suNs ortL lPce nLve$ dMdP-it, et te$pestLte$ idOnea$ nactN ad eu$ locu$ rM$Ns contendMrunt, DuO in locO CMdMa vellus cMlLtu$ esse dM$OnstrLbat. Cu$ eO vMnissent, 'LsOn in terra$ Mgressus est, et sociNs ad $are relictNs, DuN praesidiO nLvN essent, ipse cu$ CMdML in silvLs sM contulit. Pauca $Nlia passuu$ per silva$ prOgressus vellus Duod DuaerMbat e- arbore suspMnsu$ vNdit. 'd ta$en au"erre erat su$$ae di""icultLtisF nOn $odo eni$ locus ipse MgregiM et nLtPrL et arte erat $PnNtus, sed etia$ dracO DuNda$ speciM terribilN arbore$ custOdiMbat. #u$ CMdMa, Duae, ut suprL dM$OnstrLvi$us, $edicNnae su$$a$ scientia$ habuit, rL$u$ Due$ dM arbore pro-i$L dMripuerat venMnO Nn"Mcit. .Oc "actO ad locu$ appropinDuLvit, et dracOne$, DuN "aucibus apertNs Mius adventu$ e-spectLbat, venMnO sparsitF deinde, du$ dracO so$nO oppressus dor$it, 'LsOn vellus aureu$ dM arbore dMripuit et cu$ CMdML Dua$ celerri$M pede$ rettulit.
73. THE RETURN TO THE ARGO

%u$ aute$ ea geruntur, 5rgonautae, DuN ad $are relictN erant, Ln-iO ani$O reditu$ 'Lsonis e-spectLbantF id eni$ negOtiu$ su$$N esse perNculN intellegMbant. PostDua$ igitur ad occLsu$ sOlis "rPstrL e-spectLvMrunt, dM Mius salPte dMspMrLre coepMrunt, nec dubitLbant DuNn aliDuN cLsus accidisset. Quae cu$ ita essent, $LtPrandu$ sibi cMnsuMrunt, ut ducN au-iliu$ "errentF sed du$ pro"icNscN parant, lP$en Duodda$ subitO cOnspiciunt $Nru$ in $odu$ intrL silvLs re"ulgMns, et $Lgnopere $NrLtN Duae causa esset Mius reN ad locu$ concurrunt. QuO cu$ vMnissent, 'LsonN et CMdMae advenientibus occurrMrunt, et vellus aureu$ lP$inis Mius causa$ esse cOgnOvMrunt. ?$nN ti$Ore sublLtO $LgnO cu$ gaudiO duce$ suu$ e-cMpMrunt, et dNs grLtiLs $L-i$Ls MgMrunt Duod rMs ta$ "MlNciter MvMnisset.
74. THE PURSUIT

.Ns rMbus gestNs o$nMs sine $orL nLve$ rPrsus cOnscendMrunt, et sublLtNs ancorNs prN$L vigiliL solvMruntF neDue eni$ satis tPtu$ esse arbitrLtN sunt in eO locO $anMre. 5t rM- 5eMtMs, DuN ia$ ante ini$NcO in eOs "uerat ani$O, ubi cOgnOvit "Nlia$ sua$ nOn $odo ad 5rgonautLs sM recMpisse sed etia$ ad vellus au"erendu$ au-iliu$ tulisse, hOc dolOre gravius e-Lrsit. ALve$ longa$ Dua$ celerri$M dMdPcN iussit, et $Nlitibus i$positNs "ugientNs NnsecPtus est. 5rgonautae, DuN re$ in discrN$ine esse bene sciMbant, o$nibus vNribus rM$Ns contendMbantF cu$ ta$en nLvis DuL vehMbantur ingentN esset $LgnitPdine, nOn eLde$ celeritLte DuL ColchN prOgredN poterant. QuO "actu$ est ut $ini$u$ abesset DuNn L ColchNs seDuentibus caperentur, neDue eni$ longius intererat Dua$ DuO tMlu$ adicN posset. 5t CMdMa cu$ vNdisset DuO in locO rMs essent, paene o$nN spM dMpositL Nn"andu$ hOc cOnsiliu$ cMpit.
75. A FEARFUL EXPEDIENT

,rat in nLvN 5rgonautLru$ "Nlius DuNda$ rMgis 5eMtae, nO$ine 5bsyrtus, Due$, ut suprL dM$OnstrLvi$us, CMdMa e- urbe "ugiMns sMcu$ abdP-erat. .unc pueru$ CMdMa inter"icere cOnstituit eO cOnsiliO, ut $e$brNs Mius in $are coniectNs cursu$ ColchOru$ i$pedNretF certO eni$

sciMbat 5eMte$, cu$ $e$bra "NlN vNdisset, nOn longius prOsecPtPru$ esse. AeDue opNniO CMdMa$ "e"ellit, o$nia eni$ ita MvMnMrunt ut spMrLverat. 5eMtMs ubi prN$u$ $e$bra vNdit, ad ea conligenda nLve$ tenMrN iussit. %u$ ta$en ea geruntur, 5rgonautae nOn inter$issO rM$igandN labOre $o- M cOnspectP hostiu$ au"erMbantur, neDue prius "ugere dMstitMrunt Dua$ ad "lP$en Mridanu$ pervMnMrunt. 5eMtMs nihil sibi prO"utPru$ esse arbitrLtus sN longius prOgressus esset, ani$O dM$issO do$u$ revertit, ut "NlN corpus ad sepultPra$ daret.
76. THE BARGAIN WITH PELIAS

#ande$ post $ulta perNcula 'LsOn in eunde$ locu$ pervMnit unde pro"ectus erat. #u$ M nLvN Mgressus ad rMge$ Pelia$, DuN rMgnu$ adhPc obtinMbat, stati$ sM contulit, et vellere aureO $OnstrLtO ab eO postulLvit ut rMgnu$ sibi trLderMturF PeliLs eni$ pollicitus erat, sN 'LsOn vellus rettulisset, sM rMgnu$ eN trLditPru$. PostDua$ 'LsOn Duid "ierN vellet ostendit, PeliLs prN$O nihil respondit, sed diP in eLde$ trNstitiL tacitus per$LnsitF tande$ ita locPtus est4 &+idMs $M aetLte ia$ esse cOn"ectu$, neDue dubiu$ est DuNn diMs suprM$us $ihi appropinDuet. 6iceat igitur $ihi, du$ vNva$, hOc rMgnu$ obtinMreF cu$ aute$ tande$ dMcesserO, tP $ihi succMdMs.& .Lc OrLtiOne adductus 'LsOn respondit sM id "actPru$ Duod ille rogLsset.
77. MAGIC ARTS

.Ns rMbus cOgnitNs CMdMa re$ aegrM tulit, et rMgnN cupiditLte adducta $orte$ rMgN per dolu$ Nn"erre cOnstituit. .Oc cOnstitPtO ad "NliLs rMgis vMnit atDue ita locPta est4 &+idMtis patre$ vestru$ aetLte ia$ esse cOn"ectu$ neDue ad labOre$ rMgnandN per"erendu$ satis valMre. +ultisne eu$ rPrsus iuvene$ "ierNR& #u$ "Nliae rMgis ita respondMrunt4 &Au$ hOc "ierN potestR Quis eni$ u$Dua$ M sene iuvenis "actus estR& 5t CMdMa respondit4 &CM $edicNnae su$$a$ habMre scientia$ scNtis. Aunc igitur vObis dM$OnstrLbO DuO $odO haec rMs "ierN possit.& PostDua$ "Nne$ loDuendN "Mcit, ariete$ aetLte ia$ cOn"ectu$ inter"Mcit et $e$bra Mius in vLse aMneO posuit, atDue NgnN suppositO in aDua$ herbLs DuLsda$ in"Pdit. #u$, du$ aDua e""ervMsceret, car$en $agicu$ cantLbat. Co- ariMs M vLse e-siluit et vNribus re"ectNs per agrOs currMbat.
7 . A DANGEROUS EXPERIMENT

%u$ "Nliae rMgis hOc $NrLculu$ stupentMs intuentur, CMdMa ita locPta est4 &+idMtis Duantu$ valeat $edicNna. +Os igitur, sN vultis patre$ vestru$ in adulMscentia$ redPcere, id Duod "McN ipsae "aciMtis. +Os patris $e$bra in vLs coniciteF ego herbLs $agicLs praebMbO.& Quod ubi audNtu$ est, "Nliae rMgis cOnsiliu$ Duod dedisset CMdMa nOn o$ittendu$ putLvMrunt. Patre$ igitur Pelia$ necLvMrunt et $e$bra Mius in vLs aMneu$ coniMcMruntF nihil aute$ dubitLbant DuNn hOc $L-i$M eN prO"utPru$ esset. 5t rMs o$nNnO aliter MvMnit ac spMrLverant, CMdMa eni$ nOn eLsde$ herbLs dedit Duibus ipsa Psa erat. 'taDue postDua$ diP "rPstrL e-spectLvMrunt, patre$ suu$ rM vMrL $ortuu$ esse intellM-Mrunt. .Ns rMbus gestNs CMdMa sM cu$ coniuge suO rMgnu$ acceptPra$ esse spMrLbatF sed cNvMs cu$ intellegerent DuO $odO PeliLs periisset, tantu$ scelus aegrM tulMrunt. 'taDue 'Lsone et CMdML M rMgnO e-pulsNs 5castu$ rMge$ creLvMrunt.
7!. A FATAL GIFT

'LsOn et CMdMa M #hessaliL e-pulsN ad urbe$ Corinthu$ vMnMrunt, cPius urbis CreOn DuNda$

rMgnu$ tu$ obtinMbat. ,rat aute$ CreontN "Nlia Pna, nO$ine GlaucM. Qua$ cu$ vNdisset, 'LsOn cOnstituit CMdMae u-OrN suae nPntiu$ $ittere eO cOnsiliO, ut GlaucMn in $Ltri$Oniu$ dPceret. 5t CMdMa ubi intellM-it Duae ille in ani$O habMret, NrL graviter co$$Ota iPre iPrandO cOn"Nr$Lvit sM tanta$ iniPria$ ultPra$. .Oc igitur cOnsiliu$ cMpit. +este$ parLvit su$$L arte te-ta$ et variNs colOribus Nn"ecta$F hanc $orti"erO DuOda$ venMnO tin-it, cPius vNs tLlis erat ut sN Duis ea$ veste$ induisset, corpus Mius Duasi NgnN PrerMtur. .Oc "actO veste$ ad GlaucMn $NsitF illa aute$ nihil $alN suspicLns dOnu$ libenter accMpit, et veste$ nova$ $Ore "M$inLru$ stati$ induit.
#. MEDEA KILLS HER SONS

+i- veste$ induerat GlaucM cu$ dolOre$ grave$ per o$nia $e$bra sMnsit, et paulO post crPdMlN cruciLtP ad"ecta M vNtL e-cessit. .Ns rMbus gestNs CMdMa "urOre atDue L$entiL i$pulsa "NliOs suOs necLvitF tu$ $Lgnu$ sibi "ore perNculu$ arbitrLta sN in #hessaliL $anMret, e- eL regiOne "ugere cOnstituit. .Oc cOnstitPtO sOle$ OrLvit ut in tantO perNculO au-iliu$ sibi praebMret. /Ol aute$ hNs precibus co$$Otus curru$ $Nsit cui erant iPnctN dracOnMs LlNs NnstrPctN. CMdMa nOn o$ittenda$ tanta$ occLsiOne$ arbitrLta curru$ ascendit, itaDue per Lera vecta incolu$is ad urbe$ 5thMnLs pervMnit. 'LsOn ipse brevN te$pore $NrO $odO occNsus est. 5ccidit sNve cLsP sNve cOnsiliO deOru$ ut sub u$brL nLvis suae, Duae in lNtus subducta erat, dor$Nret. Co- nLvis, Duae adhPc MrMcta steterat, in ea$ parte$ ubi 'LsOn iacMbat subitO dMlapsa viru$ Nn"MlNce$ oppressit. :'llustration4 C,%,5 C,%'#5#'AG #., C@R%,R ?F .,R /?A/=

ULYSSES

4lysses, a famous 'ree% hero, too% a prominent part in the lon( sie(e of Troy= After the fall of the city, he set out 2ith his follo2ers on his home2ard "oya(e to !thaca, an island of 2hich he 2as %in(; but bein( dri"en out of his course by northerly 2inds, he 2as compelled to touch at the country of the Lotus-eaters, 2ho are supposed to ha"e li"ed on the north coast of Africa= 3ome of his comrades 2ere so deli(hted 2ith the lotus fruit that they 2ished to remain in the country, but 4lysses compelled them to embar% a(ain and continued his "oya(e= *e next came to the island of 3icily, and fell into the hands of the (iant Polyph6mus, one of the 5yclpes= After se"eral of his comrades had been %illed by this monster, 4lysses made his escape by strata(em and reached the country of the 2inds= *ere he recei"ed the help of Aeolus, %in( of the 2inds, and ha"in( set sail a(ain, arri"ed 2ithin si(ht of !thaca; but o2in( to the folly of his companions, the 2inds became suddenly ad"erse and he 2as a(ain dri"en bac%= *e then touched at an island 2hich 2as the home of 5irce, a po2erful enchantress, 2ho exercised her charms on his companions and turned them into s2ine= $y the help of the (od +ercury, 4lysses not only escaped this fate himself, but also forced 5irce to restore her "ictims to human shape= After stayin( a year 2ith 5irce, he a(ain set out and e"entually reached his home.
%1. HOMEWARD BOUND

@rbe$ #rOia$ L GraecNs dece$ annOs obsessa$ esse satis cOnstatF dM hOc eni$ bellO .o$Mrus, $L-i$us poMtLru$ GraecOru$, Nliade$ opus nOtissi$u$ scrNpsit. #rOiL tande$ per NnsidiLs captL, GraecN longO bellO "essN do$u$ redNre $LtPrLvMrunt. ?$nibus rMbus igitur ad pro"ectiOne$ parLtNs nLvNs dMdP-Mrunt, et te$pestLte$ idOnea$ nactN $LgnO cu$ gaudiO solvMrunt. ,rat inter prN$Os GraecOru$ @li-Ms DuNda$, vir su$$ae virtPtis ac prPdentiae, Due$ dNcunt nOnnPllN dolu$ istu$ e-cOgitLsse DuO #rOia$ capta$ esse cOnstat. .Nc rMgnu$ Nnsulae 'thacae

obtinuerat, et paulO anteDua$ cu$ reliDuNs GraecNs ad bellu$ pro"ectus est, puella$ "Or$Osissi$a$, nO$ine PMnelopMn, in $Ltri$Oniu$ dP-erat. Aunc igitur cu$ ia$ dece$ annOs Duasi in e-siliO cOnsP$psisset, $LgnL cupiditLte patriae et u-Oris videndae LrdMbat.
2. THE LOTUS-EATERS

PostDua$ ta$en pauca $Nlia passuu$ L lNtore #rOiae progressN sunt, tanta te$pestLs subitO coorta est ut nPlla nLviu$ cursu$ tenMre posset, sed aliae aliLs in partNs disicerentur. ALvis aute$ DuL ipse @li-Ms vehMbLtur vN te$pestLtis ad $erNdie$ dMlLta deci$O diM ad lNtus 6ibyae appulsa est. 5ncorNs iactNs @li-Ms cOnstituit nOnnPllOs M sociNs in terra$ e-pOnere, DuN aDua$ ad nLve$ re"errent et DuLlis esset nLtPra Mius regiOnis cOgnOscerent. .N igitur M nLvN MgressN i$perLta "acere parLbant. %u$ ta$en "onte$ Duaerunt, Duibusda$ e- incolNs obvia$ "actN ab iNs hospitiO acceptN sunt. 5ccidit aute$ ut $Lior pars vNctPs eOru$ ho$inu$ in $NrO DuOda$ "rPctP Due$ lOtu$ appellLbant cOnsisteret. Qua$ cu$ GraecN gustLssent, patriae et sociOru$ stati$ oblNtN cOn"Nr$LvMrunt sM se$per in eL terrL $LnsPrOs, ut dulcN illO cibO in perpetuu$ vMscerentur.
3. THE RESCUE

@li-Ms cu$ ab hOrL septi$L ad vesperu$ e-spectLsset, veritus nM sociN suN in perNculO versLrentur, nOnnPllOs M reliDuNs $Nsit, ut Duae causa esset $orae cOgnOscerent. .N igitur in terra$ e-positN ad vNcu$ DuN nOn longM aberat sM contulMruntF DuO cu$ vMnissent, sociOs suOs Duasi vNnO MbriOs repperMrunt. #u$ ubi causa$ veniendN docuMrunt, iNs persuLdMre cOnLbantur ut sMcu$ ad nLve$ redNrent. 'llN ta$en resistere ac $anP sM dM"endere coepMrunt, saepe clL$itantMs sM nu$Dua$ e- eO locO abitPrOs. Quae cu$ ita essent, nPntiN rM Nn"ectL ad @li-e$ rediMrunt. .Ns rMbus cOgnitNs ipse cu$ o$nibus DuN in nLvN relictN erant ad locu$ vMnitF et sociOs suOs "rPstrL hortLtus ut suL sponte redNrent, $anibus eOru$ post terga vinctNs invNtOs ad nLve$ reportLvit. #u$ ancorNs sublLtNs Dua$ celerri$M M portP solvit.
4. THE ONE-EYED GIANT

PostDua$ eL tOtL nocte rM$Ns contendMrunt, postrNdiM ad terra$ NgnOta$ nLve$ appulMrunt. #u$, Duod nLtPra$ Mius regiOnis NgnOrLbat, ipse @li-Ms cu$ duodeci$ M sociNs in terra$ Mgressus loca e-plOrLre cOnstituit. Paulu$ L lNtore prOgressN ad spMlunca$ ingente$ pervMnMrunt, Dua$ habitLrN sMnsMruntF Mius eni$ introitu$ et nLtPrL locN et $anP $PnNtu$ esse ani$advertMrunt. Co-, etsN intellegMbant sM nOn sine perNculO id "actPrOs, spMlunca$ intrLvMruntF Duod cu$ "Mcissent, $Lgna$ cOpia$ lactis in vLsNs ingentibus condita$ invMnMrunt. %u$ ta$en $Nrantur Duis in eL sMde habitLret, sonitu$ terribile$ audNvMrunt, et oculNs ad porta$ tortNs $Onstru$ horribile vNdMrunt, hP$LnL Duide$ speciM et "igPrL, sed ingentN $LgnitPdine corporis. Cu$ aute$ ani$advertissent $Onstru$ Pnu$ oculu$ tantu$ habMre in $ediL "ronte positu$, intellM-Mrunt hunc esse Pnu$ M CyclOpibus, dM Duibus "L$a$ ia$ accMperant.
5. THE GIANT'S SUPPER

CyclOpMs aute$ pLstOrMs erant DuNda$ DuN Nnsula$ /icilia$ et praecipuM $onte$ 5etna$ incolMbantF ibi eni$ +olcLnus, praeses "abrOru$ et Ngnis repertor, cPius servN CyclOpMs erant, o""icNna$ sua$ habMbat.

GraecN igitur si$ul ac $Onstru$ vNdMrunt, terrOre paene e-ani$LtN in interiOre$ parte$ spMluncae re"PgMrunt et sM ibi abdere cOnLbantur. PolyphM$us aute$ IsNc eni$ CyclOps appellLbLturJ pecus suu$ in spMlunca$ co$pulitF deinde, cu$ sa-O ingentN porta$ obstrP-isset, Ngne$ in $ediL spMluncL "Mcit. .Oc "actO, oculO o$nia perlPstrLbat, et cu$ sMnsisset ho$inMs in interiOre parte spMluncae esse abditOs, $LgnL vOce e-clL$Lvit4 &QuN ho$inMs estisR CercLtOrMs an latrOnMsR& #u$ @li-Ms respondit sM neDue $ercLtOrMs esse neDue praedandN causL vMnisseF sed L #rOiL redeuntNs vN te$pestLtu$ L rMctO cursP dMpulsOs esse. OrLvit etia$ ut sibi sine iniPriL abNre licMret. #u$ PolyphM$us DuaesNvit ubi esset nLvis DuL vectN essentF sed @li-Ms cu$ sibi $L-i$M praecavendu$ esse bene intellegeret, respondit nLve$ sua$ in rPpNs coniecta$ o$nNnO "rLcta$ esse. PolyphM$us aute$ nPllO respOnsO datO duo M sociNs $anP corripuit, et $e$brNs eOru$ dNvulsNs carne$ dMvorLre coepit.
6. A DESPERATE SITUATION

%u$ haec geruntur, GraecOru$ ani$Os tantus terror occupLvit ut nM vOce$ Duide$ Mdere possent, sed o$nN spM salPtis dMpositL $orte$ praesente$ e-spectLrent. PolyphM$us, postDua$ "a$Ms hLc ta$ horribilN cMnL dMpulsa est, hu$N prOstrLtus so$nO sM dedit. Quod cu$ vNdisset @li-Ms, tanta$ occLsiOne$ reN gerendae nOn o$ittenda$ arbitrLtus, in eO erat ut pectus $OnstrN gladiO trLns"Ngeret. Cu$ ta$en nihil te$erM agendu$ e-Nsti$Lret, cOnstituit e-plOrLre, anteDua$ hOc "aceret, DuL ratiOne e- spMluncL MvLdere possent. 5t cu$ sa-u$ ani$advertisset DuO introitus obstrPctus erat, nihil sibi prO"utPru$ intellM-it sN PolyphM$u$ inter"Mcisset. #anta eni$ erat Mius sa-N $LgnitPdO ut nM L dece$ Duide$ ho$inibus L$ovMrN posset. Quae cu$ ita essent, @li-Ms hOc cOnLtP dMstitit et ad sociOs rediitF DuN cu$ intellM-issent DuO in locO rMs essent, nPllL spM salPtis oblLtL dM "ortPnNs suNs dMspMrLre coepMrunt. 'lle ta$en nM ani$Os dM$itterent vehe$enter hortLtus estF dM$OnstrLvit sM ia$ anteL M $ultNs et $LgnNs perNculNs MvLsisse, neDue dubiu$ esse DuNn in tantO discrN$ine dN au-iliu$ lLtPrN essent.
7. A PLAN FOR VENGEANCE

?rtL lPce PolyphM$us ia$ M so$nO e-citLtus ide$ Duod hesternO diM "McitF correptNs eni$ duObus M reliDuNs virNs carne$ eOru$ sine $orL dMvorLvit. #u$, cu$ sa-u$ L$Ovisset, ipse cu$ pecore suO e- spMluncL prOgressus estF Duod cu$ GraecN vidMrent, $Lgna$ in spe$ sM post paulu$ MvLsPrOs vMnMrunt. Co- ta$en ab hLc spM repulsN suntF na$ PolyphM$us, postDua$ o$nMs ovMs e-iMrunt, sa-u$ in locu$ restituit. ReliDuN o$nN spM salPtis dMpositL lL$entNs lacri$NsDue sM dMdidMruntF @li-Ms vMrO, DuN, ut suprL dM$OnstrLvi$us, vir $LgnN "uit cOnsilN, etsN intellegMbat re$ in discrN$ine esse, nOndu$ o$nNnO dMspMrLbat. #ande$, postDua$ diP haec tOtO ani$O cOgitLvit, hOc cOnsiliu$ cMpit. M lNgnNs Duae in spMluncL reposita erant pLlu$ $Lgnu$ dMlMgit. .unc su$$L cu$ dNligentiL praeacPtu$ "McitF tu$, postDua$ sociNs Duid "ierN vellet ostendit, reditu$ PolyphM$N e-spectLbat.
. A GLASS TOO MUCH

/ub vesperu$ PolyphM$us ad spMlunca$ rediit, et eOde$ $odO DuO anteL cMnLvit. #u$ @li-Ms Ptre$ vNnN prO$psit, Due$ "orte Iid Duod eN erat salPtNJ sMcu$ attuleratF et postDua$ $Lgnu$ pOculu$ vNnO co$plMvit, $Onstru$ ad bibendu$ prOvocLvit. PolyphM$us, DuN nu$Dua$ anteL vNnu$ gustLverat, tOtu$ pOculu$ stati$ e-hausitF Duod cu$ "Mcisset, tanta$ voluptLte$ percMpit ut iteru$ et tertiu$ pOculu$ replMrN iusserit. #u$, cu$ DuaesNvisset DuO nO$ine @li-Ms appellLrMtur, ille respondit sM AM$ine$ appellarNF Duod cu$ audNvisset, PolyphM$us ita locPtus est4

&.anc, tibi grLtia$ prO tantO bene"iciO re"era$F tM postrM$u$ o$niu$ dMvorLbO.& .Oc cu$ dN-isset, cibO vNnODue gravis recubuit et brevN te$pore so$nO oppressus est. #u$ @li-Ms sociNs convocLtNs, &.abM$us,& inDuit, &Dua$ petii$us "acultLte$F nM igitur tanta$ occLsiOne$ reN gerendae o$ittL$us.&
!. THE BLINDING OF POLYPHEMUS

.Lc OrLtiOne habitL, postDua$ e-trM$u$ pLlu$ NgnN cale"Mcit, oculu$ PolyphM$N dor$ientis "erventN lNgnO per"OditF DuO "actO o$nMs in dNversLs spMluncae partNs sM abdidMrunt. 5t ille subitO illO dolOre oculN M so$nO e-citLtus clL$Ore$ terribile$ sustulit, et du$ per spMlunca$ errat, @li-e$ $anP prehendere cOnLbLturF cu$ ta$en ia$ o$nNnO caecus esset, nPllO $odO hOc e""icere potuit. 'ntereL reliDuN CyclOpMs clL$Ore audNtO undiDue ad spMlunca$ convMnMrunt, et ad introitu$ adstantMs Duid PolyphM$us ageret DuaesNvMrunt, et Dua$ ob causa$ tantu$ clL$Ore$ sustulisset. 'lle respondit sM graviter vulnerLtu$ esse et $LgnO dolOre ad"icN. Cu$ ta$en posteL DuaesNvissent Duis eN vi$ intulisset, respondit ille AM$ine$ id "McisseF Duibus rMbus audNtNs Pnus M CyclOpibus4 &5t sN nM$O,& inDuit, &tM vulnerLvit, haud dubiu$ est DuNn cOnsiliO deOru$, Duibus resistere nec possu$us nec volu$us, hOc suppliciO ad"iciLris.& .Oc cu$ dN-isset, abiMrunt CyclOpMs eu$ in NnsLnia$ incidisse arbitrLtN.
!#. THE ESCAPE

PolyphM$us ubi sociOs suOs abiisse sMnsit, "urOre atDue L$entiL i$pulsus @li-e$ iteru$ Duaerere coepitF tande$ cu$ porta$ invMnisset, sa-u$ DuO obstrPcta erat L$Ovit, ut pecus in agrOs e-Nret. #u$ ipse in introitP cOnsMdit, et ut DuaeDue ovis ad hunc locu$ vMnerat, Mius tergu$ $anibus trLctLbat, nM virN inter ovNs e-Nre possent. Quod cu$ ani$advertisset @li-Ms, intellM-it o$ne$ spe$ salPtis in dolO $agis Dua$ in virtPte pOnN. 'taDue hOc cOnsiliu$ iniit. PrN$u$ trNs DuLs vidit pinguissi$Ls e- ovibus dMlMgit, DuLs cu$ inter sM vi$inibus coniPn-isset, Pnu$ e- sociNs suNs ventribus eLru$ ita subiMcit ut o$nNnO latMretF deinde ovNs ho$ine$ sMcu$ "erentNs ad porta$ Mgit. 'd accidit Duod "ore suspicLtus erat. PolyphM$us eni$ postDua$ terga oviu$ $anibus trLctLvit, eLs praeterNre passus est. @li-Ms ubi re$ ta$ "MlNciter MvMnisse vNdit, o$nNs sociOs suOs eOrdine eOde$ $odO M$NsitF DuO "actO ipse novissi$us MvLsit.
!". OUT OF DANGER

'Ns rMbus ita cOn"ectNs, @li-Ms veritus nM PolyphM$us "raude$ sentNret, cu$ sociNs Dua$ celerri$M ad lNtus contenditF DuO cu$ vMnissent, ab iNs DuN nLvN praesidiO relictN erant $LgnL cu$ laetitiL e-ceptN sunt. .N eni$ cu$ Ln-iNs ani$Ns ia$ trNs diMs continuOs reditu$ eOru$ e-spectLvissent, eOs in aliDuod perNculu$ $Lgnu$ incidisse Iid Duide$ Duod eratJ suspicLtN, ipsN au-iliandN causL MgredN parLbant. #u$ @li-Ms nOn satis tPtu$ arbitrLtus in eO locO $anMre, Dua$ celerri$M pro"isNscN cOnstituit. 'ussit igitur o$nNs nLve$ cOnscendere, et ancorNs sublLtNs paulu$ L lNtore in altu$ prOvectus est. #u$ $LgnL vOce e-clL$Lvit4 &#P, PolyphM$e, DuN iPra hospitN spernis, iPsta$ et dMbita$ poena$ i$$LnitLtis tuae solvistN.& .Lc vOce audNtL PolyphM$us NrL vehe$enter co$$Otus ad $are sM contulit, et ubi nLve$ paulu$ L lNtore re$Ota$ esse intellM-it, sa-u$ ingMns $anP correptu$ in ea$ parte$ coniMcit unde vOce$ venNre sMnsit. GraecN aute$, etsN nOn $ultu$ L"uit DuNn sub$ergerentur, nPllO da$nO acceptO cursu$ tenuMrunt.

!2. THE COUNTRY OF THE WINDS

Pauca $Nlia passuu$ ab eO locO prOgressus @li-Ms ad Nnsula$ 5eolia$ nLve$ appulit. .aec patria erat ventOru$, &.Nc vLstO rM- 5eolus antrO luctantNs ventOs te$pestLtMsDue sonOrLs i$periO pre$it ac vinclNs et carcere "rMnat.& 'bi rM- ipse GraecOs hospitiO e-cMpit, atDue iNs persuLsit ut ad recuperandLs vNrNs paucOs diMs in eL regiOne co$$orLrentur. /epti$O diM cu$ sociN M labOribus sM recMpissent, @li-Ms, nM annN te$pore L nLvigLtiOne e-clPderMtur, sibi sine $orL pro"icNscendu$ statuit. #u$ 5eolus, DuN sciMbat @li-e$ cupidissi$u$ esse patriae videndae, eN ia$ pro"ectPrO $Lgnu$ saccu$ M coriO cOn"ectu$ dedit, in DuO ventOs o$nNs praeter Pnu$ inclPserat. Tephyru$ tantu$ solverat, Duod ille ventus ab NnsulL 5eoliL ad 'thaca$ nLvigantN est secundus. @li-Ms hOc dOnu$ libenter accMpit, et grLtiNs prO tantO bene"iciO LctNs saccu$ ad $Llu$ adligLvit. #u$ o$nibus rMbus ad pro"ectiOne$ parLtNs $erNdiLnO "erM te$pore M portP solvit.
!3. THE WIND-BAG

Aove$ diMs secundissi$O ventO cursu$ tenuMrunt, ia$Due in cOnspectu$ patriae suae vMnerant, cu$ @li-Ms lassitPdine cOn"ectus Iipse eni$ gubernLbatJ ad DuiMte$ capienda$ recubuit. 5t sociN, DuN ia$ dPdu$ $NrLbantur Duid in illO saccO inclPsu$ esset, cu$ duce$ so$nO oppressu$ vidMrent, tanta$ occLsiOne$ nOn o$ittenda$ arbitrLtN suntF crMdMbant eni$ auru$ et argentu$ ibi esse cMlLta. 'taDue spM lucrN adductN saccu$ sine $orL solvMrunt, DuO "actO ventN &velut Lg$ine "actO DuL data porta ruunt, et terrLs turbine per"lant.& .Nc tanta te$pestLs subitO coorta est ut illN cursu$ tenMre nOn possent sed in eande$ parte$ unde erant pro"ectN re"errentur. @li-Ms M so$nO e-citLtus DuO in locO rMs esset stati$ intellM-itF saccu$ solPtu$, 'thaca$ post tergu$ relicta$ vNdit. #u$ vMrO NrL vehe$enter e-Lrsit sociOsDue obiPrgLbat Duod cupiditLte pecPniae adductN spe$ patriae videndae prOiMcissent.
!4. A DRAWING OF LOTS

revN spatiO inter$issO GraecN Nnsulae cuida$ appropinDuLvMrunt in DuL CircM, "Nlia /Olis, habitLbat. QuO cu$ nLve$ appulisset, @li-Ms in terra$ "rP$entandN causL Mgrediendu$ esse statuitF na$ cOgnOverat "rP$entu$ Duod in nLvN habMrent ia$ dM"icere. /ociNs igitur ad sM convocLtNs DuO in locO rMs esset et Duid "ierN vellet ostendit. Cu$ ta$en o$nMs $e$oriL tenMrent Dua$ crPdMlN $orte necLtN essent iN DuN nPper M nLvN MgressN essent, nM$O repertus est DuN hOc negOtiu$ suscipere vellet. Quae cu$ ita essent, rMs ad contrOversia$ dMducta est. #ande$ @li-Ms cOnsMnsP o$niu$ sociOs in duLs partNs dNvNsit, DuLru$ alterN ,urylochus, vir su$$ae virtPtis, alterN ipse praeesse. #u$ hN inter sM sortNtN sunt uter in terra$ MgrederMtur. .Oc "actO, ,urylochO sorte MvMnit ut cu$ duObus et vNgintN sociNs re$ susciperet.
!5. THE HOUSE OF THE ENCHANTRESS

.Ns rMbus ita cOnstitPtis iN DuN sortNtN erant in interiOre$ parte$ Nnsulae pro"ectN sunt. #antus ta$en ti$or ani$Os eOru$ occupLverat ut nihil dubitLrent DuNn $ortN obvia$ Nrent. +i- Duide$ poterant iN DuN in nLvN relictN erant lacri$Ls tenMreF crMdMbant eni$ sM sociOs suOs nu$Dua$ post hOc te$pus vNsPrOs. 'llN aute$ aliDuantu$ itineris prOgressN ad vNlla$ Duanda$ pervMnMrunt su$$L

$Lgni"icentiL aedi"icLta$, cPius ad Ostiu$ cu$ adiissent, cantu$ dulcissi$u$ audNvMrunt. #anta aute$ "uit Mius vOcis dulcMdO ut nPllO $odO retinMrN possent DuNn iLnua$ pulsLrent. .Oc "actO ipsa CircM "orLs e-iit, et su$$L cu$ benNgnitLte o$nNs in hospitiu$ invNtLvit. ,urylochus NnsidiLs sibi co$parLrN suspicLtus "orNs e-spectLre cOnstituit, sed reliDuN reN novitLte adductN intrLvMrunt. CMna$ $Lgni"ica$ o$nibus rMbus NnstrPcta$ invMnMrunt et iPssP do$inae libentissi$M accubuMrunt. 5t CircM vNnu$ Duod servN apposuMrunt $edicL$entO DuOda$ $iscueratF Duod cu$ GraecN bibissent, gravN so$nO subitO oppressN sunt.
!6. THE CHARM

#u$ CircM, Duae artis $agicae su$$a$ scientia$ habMbat, baculO aureO Duod gerMbat capita eOru$ tetigitF DuO "actO o$nMs in porcOs subitO conversN sunt. 'ntereL ,urylochus NgnLrus Duid in aedibus agerMtur ad Ostiu$ sedMbatF postDua$ ta$en ad sOlis occLsu$ Ln-iO ani$O et sollicitO e-spectLvit, sOlus ad nLve$ regredN cOnstituit. ,O cu$ vMnisset, sollicitPdine ac ti$Ore ta$ perturbLtus "uit ut Duae vNdisset vi- dNlPcidM nLrrLre posset. @li-Ms aute$ satis intellM-it sociOs suOs in perNculO versLrN, et gladiO correptO ,urylochO i$perLvit ut sine $orL via$ ad ista$ do$u$ dM$OnstrLret. 'lle ta$en $ultNs cu$ lacri$Ns @li-e$ co$ple-us obsecrLre coepit nM in tantu$ perNculu$ sM co$$itteretF sN Duid gravius eN accidisset, o$niu$ salPte$ in su$$O discrN$ine "utPra$. @li-Ms aute$ respondit sM nM$ine$ invNtu$ sMcu$ adductPru$F eN licMre, sN $Lllet, in nLvN $anMreF sM ipsu$ sine PllO praesidiO re$ susceptPru$. .Oc cu$ $LgnL vOce dN-isset, M nLvN dMsiluit et nPllO seDuente sOlus in via$ sM dedit.
!7. THE COUNTERCHARM

5liDuantu$ itineris prOgressus ad vNlla$ $Lgni"ica$ pervMnit, Dua$ cu$ oculNs perlPstrLsset, stati$ intrLre statuitF intellM-it eni$ hanc esse eande$ do$u$ dM DuL ,urylochus $entiOne$ "Mcisset. 5t cu$ in eO esset ut lN$en intrLret, subitO eN obvia$ stetit adulMscMns "Or$L pulcherri$L aureu$ baculu$ gerMns. .Nc @li-e$ ia$ do$u$ intrante$ $anP corripuit et, &QuO ruisR& inDuit. &AOnne scNs hanc esse CircMs do$u$R .Nc inclPsN sunt a$NcN tuN e- hP$LnL speciM in porcOs conversN. Au$ vNs ipse in eande$ cala$itLte$ venNreR& @li-Ms si$ul ac vOce$ audNvit, deu$ Cercuriu$ LgnOvitF nPllNs ta$en precibus ab NnstitPtO cOnsiliO dMterrMrN potuit. Quod cu$ Cercurius sMnsisset, herba$ Duanda$ eN dedit, Dua$ contrL car$ina $ultu$ valMre dNcMbat. &.anc cape,& inDuit, &et ubi CircM tM baculO tetigerit, tP strictO gladiO i$petu$ in ea$ vidM ut "aciLs.& Cercurius postDua$ "Nne$ loDuendN "Mcit, &$ortLlNs vNsPs $ediO ser$One relNDuit, et procul in tenue$ e- oculNs MvLnuit aura$.&
! . THE ENCHANTRESS IS FOILED

revN inter$issO spatiO @li-Ms ad o$nia perNcula subeunda parLtus iLnua$ pulsLvit, et "oribus pate"actNs ab ipsL CircM benNgnM e-ceptus est. ?$nia eOde$ $odO atDue anteL "acta sunt. CMna$ $Lgni"icM NnstrPcta$ vNdit et accu$bere iPssus est. Co-, ubi "a$Ms cibO dMpulsa est, CircM pOculu$ aureu$ vNnO replMtu$ @li-N dedit. 'lle etsN suspicLtus est venMnu$ sibi parLtu$ esse, pOculu$ e-hausitF DuO "actO CircM postDua$ caput Mius baculO tetigit, ea verba locPta est Duibus sociOs Mius anteL in porcOs converterat. RMs ta$en o$nNnO aliter MvMnit atDue illa spMrLverat. #anta eni$ vNs erat Mius herbae Dua$ @li-N Cercurius dederat ut neDue venMnu$ neDue verba DuicDua$ e""icere possent. @li-Ms aute$, ut eN praeceptu$ erat, gladiO strictO i$petu$ in ea$ "Mcit et $orte$ $initLbLtur. CircM cu$ arte$ sua$ nihil valMre sMnsisset, $ultNs cu$ lacri$Ns eu$ obsecrLre coepit nM sibi vNta$ adi$eret.

!!. MEN ONCE MORE

@li-Ms aute$ ubi sMnsit ea$ ti$Ore perterrita$ esse, postulLvit ut sociOs suOs sine $orL in hP$Lna$ specie$ redPceret Icertior eni$ "actus erat L deO CercuriO eOs in porcOs conversOs esseJF nisi id "actu$ esset, sM dMbitLs poenLs sP$ptPru$ ostendit. CircM hNs rMbus graviter co$$Ota eN ad pedMs sM prOiMcit, et $ultNs cu$ lacri$Ns iPre iPrandO cOn"Nr$Lvit sM Duae ille i$perLsset o$nia "actPra$. #u$ porcOs in Ltriu$ i$$ittN iussit. 'llN datO sNgnO inruMrunt, et cu$ duce$ suu$ LgnOvissent, $LgnO dolOre ad"ectN sunt Duod nPllO $odO eu$ dM rMbus suNs certiOre$ "acere poterant. CircM ta$en unguentO DuOda$ corpora eOru$ Pn-itF DuO "actO sunt o$nMs stati$ in hP$Lna$ specie$ reductN. CLgnO cu$ gaudiO @li-Ms suOs a$NcOs LgnOvit, et nPntiu$ ad lNtus $Nsit, DuN reliDuNs GraecNs sociOs receptOs esse dNceret. 'llN aute$ hNs rMbus cOgnitNs stati$ ad do$u$ Circaea$ sM contulMruntF DuO cu$ vMnissent, PniversN laetitiae sM dMdidMrunt. :'llustration4 @6(//,/ 5A% C'RC,=
"##. AFLOAT AGAIN

PostrNdiM Mius diMN @li-Ms e- hLc NnsulL Dua$ celerri$M discMdere in ani$O habMbat. CircM ta$en cu$ haec cOgnOvisset, e- odiO ad a$Ore$ conversa o$nibus precibus eu$ OrLre et obtestLrN coepit ut paucOs diMs apud sM $orLrMturF DuL rM tande$ i$petrLtL tanta bene"icia in eu$ contulit ut "acile eN persuLsu$ sit ut diPtius $anMret. PostDua$ ta$en tOtu$ annu$ apud CircMn cOnsP$pserat, @li-Ms $LgnO dMsNderiO patriae suae $Otus est. /ociNs igitur ad sM convocLtNs Duid in ani$O habMret ostendit. @bi ta$en ad lNtus dMscendit, nLve$ sua$ te$pestLtibus ta$ ad"lNcta$ invMnit ut ad nLvigandu$ paene inPtilis esset. .Lc rM cOgnitL o$nia Duae ad nLvNs re"iciendLs PsuN essent co$parLrN iussit, DuL in rM tanta$ dNligentia$ o$nMs adhibMbant ut ante tertiu$ die$ opus per"Mcerint. 5t CircM ubi o$nia ad pro"ectiOne$ parLta esse vNdit, re$ aegrM "erMbat et @li-e$ vehe$enter obsecrLbat ut eO cOnsiliO dMsisteret. 'lle ta$en, nM annN te$pore a nLvigLtiOne e-clPderMtur, $LtPrandu$ sibi e-Nsti$Lvit, et te$pestLte$ idOnea$ nactus nLve$ solvit. Culta Duide$ perNcula @li-N subeunda erant anteDua$ in patria$ sua$ pervenNret, Duae ta$en hOc locO longu$ est perscrNbere.

NOTES

PERSEUS

The numbers refer to the pa(e of text and the line on the pa(e respecti"ely. >.U. %anaM. Cany proper na$es in this boo! are words borrowed by 6atin "ro$ Gree!, and have "or$s not given in the regular 6atin declensions. 't will not be necessary to learn the declension o" such words. 2. eni$. #his word co$$only stands second in its clause. <. turbLbat. Aotice that this verb and dor$iMbat below are in the i$per"ect tense to denote a state o" things e-isting at the past ti$e indicated by territa est. aute$. #his word has the sa$e peculiarity o" position as eni$F so also igitur, which occurs in line 00. 07. /erNphu$. Aotice that 6atin says 'the island /eriphos,' but ,nglish $ore o"ten 'the island o" /eriphos.'

0>. appulsa est. PostDua$ is regularly "ollowed by the per"ect or present indicative, but the ,nglish translation usually reDuires the pluper"ect. 09. DuOda$. 1udam $eans 'certain' as applied to so$e person or thing not "ully described, while certus $eans 'certain' in the sense o" 'deter$ined.' 'sure,' ad do$u$. #his $eans 'to the house'F 'to be brought ho$e' would be domum addBc, without the preposition. 0U. 'lle is o"ten used, as here, when the subject is changed to a person $entioned in the preceding sentence. 'n this use it is to be translated 'he.' 0<. bene"iciO. /ee the derivation o" this word in the vocabulary. 78. $ultOs annOs. %uration o" ti$e is regularly e-pressed in the accusative case. 77. ea$. 6atin has no pronoun o" the third person, and is o"ten ta!es the place o" oneF it is then to be translated 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' 'they,' according to its "or$. 79. haec. #he literal translation would be 'these things,' but we $ust say 'thus' or 'as "ollows.' V. 0. es. *ith ia$ dPdu$ and si$ilar e-pressions o" duration, the present indicative is o"ten used to denote an action or state begun in the past but continuing in the present. #he ,nglish eDuivalent is the per"ect. hNc, is not the pronoun, but an adverb. 7. $ihi. #his dative $ay be translated '"or $e.' .ow would 'to $e' with a verb o" $otion be putR >. re"er. ,c, dBc, faci, and fer have the i$perative "or$s dc, dBc, fac, and fer, instead o" dce, etc. V. Perseus. *hen the subordinate and the principal clause o" a 6atin sentence have the sa$e subject, this usually stands "irst, "ollowed by the subordinate clause. haec. .ere a di""erent rendering is reDuired "ro$ that suggested in the note on >, 79. *hat is itR Aotice that it is necessary to !now the literal signi"icance o" the 6atin words, but that the translation $ust o"ten be so$ething Duite di""erent i" it is to be acceptable ,nglish. #he rule "or translation is4 %iscover the e-act $eaning o" the originalF then e-press the sa$e idea correctly and, i" you can, elegantly in the language into which you are translating. 9. continente$. *hat is the derivation o" this wordR vMnit. 's this present or per"ectR .ow do you !nowR <. GraeLs. #he Graeae were three old wo$en who had one eye and one tooth in co$$on, and too! turns in using the$. 1. galea$. #his belonged to Pluto, the god o" the underworld o" the dead, and whosoever wore it was invisible. #he story is that Perseus co$pelled the Graeae to tell hi$ how to obtain the helps to his enterprise by seiGing their tooth and eye. 00. pedibus, 'on his "eet,' dative o" indirect object. induit. /ee the note on >, 0>. Lera. 6r is borrowed "ro$ Gree!, and !eeps this Gree! "or$ "or its accusative. 07. volLbat. %istinguish between "ol, "ol re, and "ol, "elle. 0>. cMterNs. 56ter is used to denote all not already na$ed I'the other'J, while ali denotes so$e o" those who have not been already na$ed I'other'J. 0V. speciM horribilN, 'o" terrible appearance.' ablative o" description. 5 noun never stands alone in this construction, eLru$. /ee the note on >, 77. 09. contMcta. #his and "actae below are used as predicate adjectives, not to "or$ the pluper"ect passive with erant. #ranslate, there"ore, 'were covered.' not 'had been covered.' 0<. vertMbantur. #he i$per"ect here denotes custo$ary action, one o" its regular uses. 01. 'lle. /ee the note on >, 0U. 78. hOc $odO, ablative o" $anner. 70. vMnit, dor$iMbat. #he per"ect si$ply e-presses an action which too! place in past ti$e, the i$per"ect tells o" a state o" things e-isting at that past ti$e. 79. "ugit. *hen du$ $eans 'while,' 'as,' it is "ollowed by the present indicative, even when

used o" past events. 7U. "Mcit. 6i!e post>uam, ubi has the present or per"ect indicative, where ,nglish would use the pluper"ect. 9. 7. illO te$pore, ablative o" ti$e. rMgnLbat. ?bserve the "orce o" the tense, and try to "ind the reason "or each change o" tense in this paragraph. .Nc. #his $ust here be translated si$ply 'he.' Co$pare the use o" 'lle, >, 0U. V. veniMbat. /ee the note on V, 0<. U. o$niu$, 'o" all $en.' or 'o" all.' #he adjective is used as a noun, as in the second o" the ,nglish e-pressions. OrLculu$. 't was believed in antiDuity that the will o" the gods and a !nowledge o" "uture events $ight be learned at certain shrines, o" which the $ost "a$ous were those o" 5pollo at %elphi, o" Teus or Jupiter at %odona, and o" .a$$on in ,gypt. .a$$on was really an ,gyptian god, represented as having the horns o" a ra$, but he was identi"ied by the Gree!s with Teus and by the Ro$ans with Jupiter. 2. "Nlia$. *here there is no a$biguity, the possessive is o"ten o$itted in 6atin. <. aute$, o"ten, as here, si$ply introduces an e-planation I'now'J, nO$ine, 'by na$e.' 1. CMpheus. /ee the note on Perseus, V, V. 08. cNvNs suOs, 'his subjects.' 0>. certa$. /ee the note on >udam, >, 09. ,i6s is regularly $asculine, but when used o" an appointed day it is o"ten "e$inine. o$nia, 'all things,' 'everything,' or 'all.' /ee the note on omnium, line U. 0U. dMplOrLbant, tenMbant. e care"ul to show the $eaning o" the tense by your translation. 0<. Duaerit. #he present is o"ten used o" a past action instead o" the per"ect, to bring the action $ore vividly be"ore us as i" it were ta!ing place now. #his is called the historical present. 01. haec geruntur, 'this is going on.' 78. horribilN. .ere the adjective is $ade e$phatic by being put be"ore its nounF in V, 0V the sa$e e""ect is gained by putting horribil last in its clause. 77. o$nibus, dative o" indirect object a"ter the co$pound verb @inCiaciA. #ranslate 'inspired in all,' but the literal $eaning is 'threw into all.' 7U. induit. /ee the note on >, 0>. Lera. /ee the note on V, 00. U. 7. suO, Mius. %istinguish care"ully between these words. 3uus is used o" so$ething belonging to the subject, 6ius o" so$ething belonging to so$e other person or thing just $entioned. 9. volat. /ee the note on V, 79. 2. sustulit. Aotice that the per"ect "or$s o" toll are the sa$e as those o" suffer @sub C ferA, 'endure.' <. neDue, here to be translated 'and W not.' 9e>ue is thus used regularly "or et nn. 0>. e-ani$Lta, used here as a predicate adjective. 0U. rettulit. '#o give than!s' or 'than!' is usually (r ti s a(ere, as in >, 01F (r tiam referre $eans 'to show one's gratitude,' 'to reco$pense' or 'reDuite.' 0<. dP-it. #his word ca$e to $ean '$arry,' because the bridegroo$ 'led' his bride in a wedding procession to his own ho$e. 't will be seen, there"ore, that it can be used only o" the $an. PaucOs annOs. /ee the note on >, 78. 78. o$nNs. *hat does the Duantity o" the i tell you about the "or$R 2. 0. Duod, not the relative pronoun, but a conjunction. >. eO, the adverb. in Ltriu$. 5lthough inrPpit $eans 'burst into,' the preposition is nevertheless reDuired with the noun to e-press the place into which he burst. U. ille. /ee the note on Perseus, V, V. <. 5crisN. 'n Aepos, Caesar, Cicero, and +ergil, the genitive singular o" secondBdeclension

nouns in -ius and -ium ends in , not iF but the no$inative plural ends in i, and the dative and ablative plural in is. 08. istud. Re$e$ber that iste is co$$only used o" so$ething connected with the person addressed. .ere the $eaning $ay be 'that oracle ' told you o".' /ee >, V. 07. 6LrNsa$. /ee the note on >, 07. neDue eni$, '"or W not,' as i" si$ply nn enim, but 6atin uses ne>ue to connect the clauses. 0V. in o$nNs partNs, 'in all directions' or 'in every direction.' 09. CultN. /ee the note on omnium, 9, U. 02. discOru$. #he discus was a round, "lat piece o" stone or $etal, and the athletes tried to see who could throw it "arthest. 0<. cLsP. #his is one o" the ablatives o" $anner that do not ta!e cum. 01. stLbat. Aotice the tense.
HERCULES

1. 7. o$niu$ ho$inu$. #his $eans 'all $en' in the sense o" 'all $an!ind.' >. Oderat. d is per"ect in "or$, but present in $eaningF and the pluper"ect has in li!e $anner the "orce o" an i$per"ect. 9. $ediL nocte, 'in the $iddle o" the night,' 'in the dead o" night.' 2. Aec ta$en, 'not W however.' /ee the note on ne>ue enim, 2, 07. <. $ovMbant. Contrast this tense with appropinDuLverant and e-citLtN sunt. 0>. #LlN $odO X hc mod, V, 78. 78. L puerO, '"ro$ a boy,' '"ro$ boyhood.' e-ercMbat, the i$per"ect o" custo$ary action, as is also cOnsP$Mbat. 7V. aute$. /ee the note on 9, <. 79. artN, dative o" indirect object with the intransitive verb studMbat. 08. 7. o$nibus vNribus, 'with all his $ight,' ablative o" $anner. >. M vNtL. Aotice that the preposition denoting separation appears both with the noun and in the verb. Co$pare in trium inrBpit, 2, >. V. neDue DuisDua$, 'and not any one,' i=e. 'and no one.' 1uis>uam is used chie"ly in negative sentences. 9. voluit, 'was willing.' 2. "acit. /ee the note on V, 79. <. nO$ine. /ee the note on 9, <. 1. vir crPdMlissi$us, not 'cruelest $an,' but '$ost cruel $an.' #he superlative is o"ten thus used to denote si$ply a high degree o" the Duality. cOnsuMverat. 'nceptive verbs end in sc and denote the beginning o" an action or state. #he per"ect and pluper"ect o" such verbs o"ten represent the state o" things resulting "ro$ the co$pletion o" the action, and are then to be translated as present and i$per"ect respectively. /o cnsu6sc X '' a$ beco$ing accusto$ed,' cnsu6" X '' have beco$e accusto$ed' or 'a$ accusto$ed,' cnsu6"eram X '' had beco$e accusto$ed' or 'was accusto$ed.' 00. sacri"iciO, '"or the sacri"ice,' dative o" purpose. ea. *hy is diMs "e$inine hereR /ee the note on certam, 9, 0>. 07. o$nia. /ee the note on 9, 0>. 09. capitibus, dative o" indirect object a"ter the co$pound verb @in C pnA. 0U. ia$. #he o$ission o" the conjunction that would naturally join this clause with the preceding, and the repetition o" iam, which thus in a way connects the two clauses, re"lect the i$$inence o" the danger and heighten our an-iety "or the hero. ?bserve too how the tenses o" the verbs contribute to the vividness o" the picture. *e see .ercules at the altar and the priest, !ni"e in hand, about to give the "atal blow. 0<. alterO. /upply ctB. 01. #hMbNs, locative case. Aotice that so$e na$es o" towns are plural in "or$.

70. #hMbLnNs, dative with the adjective "Nniti$N. aute$, 'now.' 77. #hMbLs. Aa$es o" towns are used without a preposition to e-press the place to which. 7>. veniMbant, postulLbant, i$per"ect o" custo$ary action. 79. cNvNs suOs, 'his "ellowBcitiGens.' Co$pare 9, 08. hOc stNpendiO, ablative o" separation. 72. atDue. #his conjunction adds an i$portant state$ent by way o" supple$ent. .ere the $eaning is so$ething li!e 'and not only that, but.' 00. 00. conversa. Est and sunt are "reDuently not e-pressed with the per"ect participle. 02. suOs ipse suL. Aotice how the enor$ity o" the cri$e is e$phasiGed by the use o" all these words repeating the sa$e idea. 7>. OrLculu$ %elphicu$. /ee the note on 9, U. hOc OrLculu$ o$niu$ X hc omnium r culrum. 79. .Oc in te$plO. Conosyllabic prepositions o"ten stand between the noun and an adjective $odi"ying it. 07. 0. DuN. Re$e$ber that the relative pronoun agrees in gender, nu$ber, and person with its antecedentF that its case depends upon its use. .ow are the person and nu$ber o" DuN shownR 7. ho$inibus. /ee the note on 1, 7. V. neDue. /ee the note on U, <. 2. #Nryntha. #his is a Gree! accusative "or$. /ee the note on era, V, 00. 08. %uodeci$ annOs, accusative o" duration o" ti$e. 00. ,urystheO. #he ,nglish verb 'serve' is transitive, but ser"i I'be subject to'J is intransitive and ta!es an indirect object. 0V. Duae. /ee the note on line 0. *hat is the case o" DuaeR 0U. PrN$u$ is chie"ly used in enu$eration, prN$O Iline UJ in contrasting an action or state with one that "ollows it. 01. sMcu$. #he preposition cum "ollows and is joined to the re"le-ive and personal pronouns, usually also to the relative pronoun. 77. neDue eni$. /ee the note on 2, 07. 7U. respNrandN, the genitive o" the gerund. 't $odi"ies "acultLs. #he gerund corresponds to the ,nglish verbal noun in -in(. 0>. 9. .Oc. *e $ight e-pect haec re"erring to .ydra$, but a de$onstrative pronoun is co$$only attracted into the gender o" the predicate noun Ihere $Onstru$J. cui erant, 'which had,' literally 'to which there were.' #his construction is "ound only with sum. 't is called the dative o" possession. <. rMs. 'n rendering this word choose always with great "reedo$ the $ost suitable ,nglish word. 0>. <. $LgnN perNculN. *e say 'one o" great danger.' 1. Mius. *hat possessive would be used to $odi"y sinistrLR 00. hOc cOnLtP, ablative o" separation. 0V. co$prehendMrunt. /ee the note on >, 0>. unde X ex >uibus. 0U. au-iliO .ydrae, 'to the aid o" the .ydra,' but literally "or aid Ii.e. as aidJ to the .ydra,' "or .ydrae is dative. #his is called the double dative construction, au-iliO the dative o" purpose, and .ydrae the dative o" re"erence, i.e. the dative denoting the person interested. 02. abscNdit. /ee the note on V, 79. $ordMbat, '!ept biting,' the i$per"ect o" repeated action. 0<. tLlN $odO. /ee the note on 1, 0>. inter"Mcit. *e have now had several verbs $eaning '!ill.' !nterfici is the $ost general o" theseF nec Iline VJ is used o" !illing by unusual or cruel $eans, as by poisonF occd I07, 7>J is $ost co$$only used o" the 'cutting down' o" an ene$y in battle. 01. reddidit, as well as i$buit, has sagittLs "or its object, but we $ust translate as i" we had

e s with reddidit. 77. ad sM. Co$pare this construction with the use o" the dative in V, 7. Aotice that sM does not re"er to .ercule$, the subject o" re"erre, but to ,urystheus, the subject o" 'ussit. *hen the re"le-ive thus re"ers to the subject o" the principal verb rather than to the subject o" the subordinate verb with which it s directly connected, it is called indirect. 7>. tantae audLciae. #he genitive o" description, li!e the ablative o" description, consists always o" a noun with so$e $odi"ying word. Co$pare speci6 horribil, V, 0V. aute$. Co$pare 9, < and 08, 70. 7V. incrMdibilN celeritLte, ablative o" description. 79. vestNgiNs, ablative o" $eans. 7U. ipsu$, contrasts cervu$ with vestNgiNs. 72. o$nibus vNribus. /ee the note on 08, 7. 0V. 0. currMbat, 'he !ept running.' sibi, dative o" re"erence. 't need not be translated, ad DuiMte$, '"or rest.' Purpose is "reDuently thus e-pressed by ad. >. cucurrerat. #he pluper"ect is so$eti$es used with postDua$ when the lapse o" ti$e is denoted. V. cursP, ablative o" cause. e-ani$Ltu$ X >u exanim tus erat. #he participle is o"ten eDuivalent to a relative clause. 9. rettulit. /ee the note on 0>, 01. <. re$. /ee the note on r6s, 0>, <. 08. aprO, dative o" indirect object a"ter the co$pound verb Iob C currJ. 00. tN$Ore perterritus. 't is not necessary to translate both words. 0>. iniMcit, i.e. upon the boar. su$$L cu$ di""icultLte. Co$pare this with omnibus "ribus, 0>, 72, and notice that cum $ay be o$itted with the ablative o" $anner when there is an adjective. For the position o" cu$, see the note on 00, 79. 09. ad ,urystheu$. *e are told elsewhere that ,urystheus was so "rightened when he saw the boar that he hid in a cas!. vNvus. *hy have we the no$inative here, but the accusative IvNvu$J in line 9R 02. DuartO. #he capture o" the ,ry$anthian boar is usually given as the third labor and the capture o" the Cerynean stag as the "ourth. nLrrLvi$us. #he writer so$eti$es uses the "irst person plural in spea!ing o" hi$sel", instead o" the "irst person singular. #his is called the plural o" $odesty, and is the sa$e as the ,nglish usage. 0<. in 5rcadia$. .ow does this di""er in $eaning "ro$ in Arcadi R 78. appeteret. #he subjunctive introduced by cu$, 'since,' $ay e-press the reason "or the action o" the $ain verb. 7>. .erculMs. /ee the note on Perseus, V, V. 7U. Duod, conjunction, not pronoun. reliDuOs centaurOs, 'the rest o" the centaurs,' 'the other centaurs.' Co$pare medi nocte, 1, 9. Aotice that reli>u $eans about the sa$e as c6ter, and see the note on V, 0>. 7<. inDuit, historical present. #his verb is used parenthetically with direct Duotations. 09. 0. dabO. Aotice that 6atin is $ore e-act than ,nglish in the use o" the "uture tense in subordinate clauses. 'n ,nglish we o"ten use the present in the subordinate clause and leave it to the principal verb to show that the ti$e is "uture. 2. pervMnMrunt. /ee the note on V, 7U. 08. cOnstitit, "ro$ cnsist, not cnst. 0U. "ugL. 6atin says 'by "light,' not 'in "light.' 02. e- spMluncL. /ee the note on 08, >. 70. locu$, the direct object o" 5diit, which is here transitive. *e $ight also have ad locum with ade used intransitively.

0U. V. .erculN. /ee the note on 08, 09. labOre$. #his labor is usually given as the si-th, the destruction o" the /ty$phalian birds as the "i"th. U. tria $Nlia bou$, 'three thousand cattle,' literally 'three thousands o" cattle.' #he partitive genitive is the regular construction with the plural mlia, but the singular mlle is co$$only used as an adjective, li!e ,nglish 'thousand.' #hus 'one thousand cattle' would be mlle bo"6s. 2. ingentNs $LgnitPdinis. /ee the note on tantae aud ciae, 0>, 7>. <. neDue eni$ u$Dua$, '"or W never.' /ee the note on ne>ue enim, 2, 07. 00. $ultae operae. /ee the note on m (n percul, 0>, <. 07. duodMvNgintN pedu$, i.e. in width. dP-it. #his word is used with re"erence to the progress o" wor! on a wall or ditch "ro$ one end o" it to the other. 09. opus. Co$pare this word with operae and labOre, line 07. Labor is used o" heavy or e-hausting labor, opera o" voluntary e-ertion or e""ort, opus o" that upon which one labors or o" the co$pleted wor!. 02. i$perLverat. #his verb ta!es an indirect object to e-press the person ordered IeNJ. #he action co$$anded is e-pressed by the subjunctive in a clause introduced by ut and used as the object o" imper Iut necLretJ. Aotice that this $ay be translated 'that he should !ill' or 'to !ill.' Co$pare now the construction with iube, 0>, 77, with which the co$$and is e-pressed by the accusative and in"initive I*erculem referreJ. 01. carne. /6scor is an intransitive verb and governs the ablative. 77. appropinDuandN. /ee the note on 07, 7U. 7>. cOnstitit, "ro$ cnst. Co$pare 09, 08. pedibus, 'on "oot,' literally 'by his "eet.' 79. consP$psisset. #he i$per"ect and pluper"ect tenses o" the subjunctive are used with cu$, 'when,' to describe the circu$stances o" the action o" the $ain verb. Co$pare 0V, 78, and the note. 7U. hOc cOnLtP. /ee the note on 0>, 00. 72. peteret. #he subjunctive is used with ut to e-press purpose. #he best translation is usually the in"initive I'to as!'J, but the 6atin in"initive is not used in $odel prose to e-press purpose. 02. >. LvolLrent. #his is not subjunctive o" purpose, but o" result, as is indicated by ta$. U. e-. Co$pare this with ab, 0U, 70, and d6, 0U, 0>. *e co$$only translate all o" these '"ro$,' but the real $eanings are 'out o",' 'away "ro$,' and 'down "ro$' respectively. CrMtL. /ee the note on >, 07. 2. esset. /ee the note on 0V, 78. <. Nnsulae, dative with the co$pound verb Iad Y propin>uJ. appropinDuLret. /ee the note on 0U, 79. 1. tanta W ut. Aotice how "reDuently the clause o" result is connected with a de$onstrative word in the $ain clause. 07. nLvigandN i$perNtus, 'ignorant o" navigation,' 'ine-perienced in sailing.' /ee the note on 07, 7U. 70. cu$, the conjunction. ingentN labOre. /ee the note on summ cum difficult te, 0V, 0>. 79. ut redPceret. /ee the note on 0U, 72. 7U. carne. /ee the note on 0U, 01. vMscMbantur, i$per"ect o" custo$ary action. 0<. >. ut trLderentur. Aotice that postul, li!e imper, ta!es an objectBclause introduced by ut and having its verb in the subjunctive. sibi, the indirect re"le-ive. /ee the note on 0>, 77. V. NrL W inter"Mcit, 'beca$e "uriously angry and !illed the !ing,' literally '$oved by wrath !illed the !ing.' #he participle is "reDuently best rendered by a "inite verb. 0<. V. cadLver. #he subject o" an in"initive stands in the accusative case. *e $ight translate

here 'and gave orders that his body should be thrown.' /ee the note on 0U, 02. U. $Nra rMru$ co$$PtLtiO. *hen a noun has both an adjective and a genitive $odi"ier, this order o" the words is co$$on. 2. cu$ cruciLtP, ablative o" $anner. necLverat. /ee the note on interf6cit, 0>, 0<. 08. re"erMbant. /ee the note on U, 0U. $odo. #his is the adverb, not a case o" modus, the dative and ablative singular o" which would be mod. Ca!e a practice o" care"ully observing the Duantity o" vowels. 00. OrLbant. Aotice that this verb, li!e imper and postul, ta!es ut and the subjunctive. 0V. ad nLvigandu$. /ee the note on ad >ui6tem, 0V, 0. 0U. post, here an adverb o" ti$e. 0<. dNcitur. Aotice that the 6atin construction is personal I'the nation is said to have consisted'J, while ,nglish co$$only has the i$personal construction I'it is said that the nation consisted'J. 01. reN $NlitLris, 'the art o" war.' 79. $andLvit. /ee the note on 0U, 02. 7U. 5$LGonibus, dative a"ter the co$pound verb. 01. 0. persuLsit. Aotice that this verb governs the sa$e construction that we have already "ound used with imper and mand. 7. sMcu$. /ee the note on 07, 01. 9. appulit. /upply n "em. U. docMret. 5 clause o" purpose is "reDuently introduced by a relative. #ranslate li!e the utB clause o" purpose, here 'to $a!e !nown,' literally 'who was to $a!e !nown.' 0V. $LgnO intervLllO, ablative o" degree o" di""erence. 0U. nOn $Lgna. #he e""ect o" the position o" these words $ay be reproduced by translating 'but not a large one.' neutrN. #he plural is used because the re"erence is to two parties, each co$posed o" several individuals. 'Aeither' o" two individuals would be neuter. 02. volMbant, dedit. Consider the tenses. ,ach ar$y waited "or so$e ti$e "or the other to crossF "inally .ercules gave the signal. 77. occNderint. #he per"ect subjunctive is so$eti$es used in result clauses a"ter a past tense in the principal clause. #his is contrary to the general principle o" the seDuence o" tenses, which reDuires the i$per"ect or pluper"ect subjunctive a"ter a past tense, the present or per"ect subjunctive a"ter a present or "uture tense. 7>. +irN. Co$pare this with hominibus, 07, 7. 7V. praestLbant. Co$pare the tense with praestitMrunt, line 70. 72. neu. 5s ne>ue or nec is used "or 'and not,' so n6"e or neu "or 'and that not' in an objectB clause or a clause o" purpose. 78. 0. Duibus, 'and by these,' #he relative is $uch used in 6atin to connect a new sentence with the one preceding. *hen so used, it is generally best rendered by 'and' or 'but' and a de$onstrative or personal pronoun. ita W ut. /ee the note on 02, 1. 7. essent, $ost easily e-plained as the subjunctive o" attraction. y this is $eant that the verb is attracted into the $ood o" the clause upon which it depends. V. pPgnLtu$ est, 'the battle raged' or 'they "ought,' literally 'it was "ought,' 'ntransitive verbs are o"ten thus used i$personally in the passive, with the subject i$plied in the verb itsel", as pPgnLtu$ est X pB(na pB(n ta est. 00. aestLtis, partitive genitive. Aotice that $ultu$ is used as a noun. 0>. nactus. #he per"ect active participle is wanting in 6atin, but the per"ect participle o" deponent verbs is active in $eaning. 7V. speciM horribilN. /ee the note on V, 0V. 7U. ti$Ore perterritN. /ee the note on 0V, 00.

continMbantur, '!ept the$selves shut up.' #his is the soBcalled re"le-ive use o" the passive, in which the subject is represented as acting upon itsel". pecora. #his word is used o" herds o" cattle, pecudMs Iline 79J o" single ani$als, especially sheep. 7<. co$$Otus cOnsuluit. /ee the note on 0<, V. 70. >. lNberLret. /ee the note on 0U, 72. OrLculO. Aotice that pLrMre is intransitive and has the dative o" indirect object, while 'obey' is transitive. 't $ay help to understand the 6atin construction i" you translate such verbs as p re by intransitives, here 'to sub$it to.' V. sacri"iciO. /ee the note on 08, 00. 9. ipsO te$poris punctO DuO, 'at the very $o$ent when.' <. Mgressus. /ee the note on 78, 0>. dM rMbus W "actus est, 'was in"or$ed o" the state o" things,' literally 'was $ade $ore certain about the things which were being done.' 'n what gender, nu$ber, person, and case is DuaeR Give a reason "or each. 00. posset. #he subjunctive is used because the words o" the !ing are Duoted indirectly. .e said s potes, 'i" you can.' 01. 'pse. Aotice the use o" this word in contrasts, "reDuently, as here, o" a person with that which belongs to hi$ or with his subordinates. 78. inter sM, 'to one another.' 77. esset, subjunctive in an indirect Duestion. #he direct "or$ would be 1uantum perculum estR I'.ow great is the dangerR'J. $ultLs terrLs, just as we say '$any lands,' 7>. ,urOpae. Co$pare Th6b ns, 08, 70. 7V. in utrODue lNtore, 'on each shore,' 'on both shores.' 79. colu$nLs. #he ancients believed that the Roc! o" Gibraltar was the pillar set up by .ercules on the ,uropean side. 77. V. tantu$, an adverb. 9. dederit. /ee the note on 01, 77. 1. DuO in locO. /ee the note on 00, 79. essent. /ee the note on 70, 77. 08. sibi, the indirect re"le-ive. 07. et W et, 'both W and.' 0<. prOgredN, '"ro$ proceeding.' 01. prohibMbant, 'atte$pted to prevent,' i$per"ect o" atte$pted action. Aotice that the use o" the i$per"ect to e-press custo$ary, repeated, or atte$pted action "ollows naturally "ro$ its use to denote action going on in past ti$e. #he present, the tense which denotes action going on in present ti$e, has the sa$e special uses. 78. barbarN. #his word was used by the Gree!s o" all other peoplesF by the Ro$ans it was used o" all but the Gree!s and the$selves. 7V. cecidMrunt. 6et the Duantity o" the i tell you whether this co$es "ro$ cad or caed. 's occNderint a co$pound o" cad or caedR 79. in tLlibus rMbus, i=e. when a god intervenes in behal" o" his "avorite. 7U. nihil inco$$odN, 'no har$,' literally 'nothing o" har$'F inco$$odN is partitive genitive. 7>. 7. Dua$ celerri$M, 'as rapidly as possible.' 1uam with the superlative e-presses the highest possible degree. >. Aecesse, predicate adjective with erat, the subject being hLs trLnsNre. 9. citeriOre. #he Ro$ans called upper 'taly 'allia 5iterior, '.ither Gaul,' because it was occupied by Gallic tribes. U. perennN. 6earn the derivation o" this word. #he $eaning o" a word $ay o"ten be seen $ost easily and re$e$bered $ost surely by noticing its derivation, tMctN, used as predicate adjective. 1. cOpia$. Aotice care"ully the $eaning o" this word. 'n what sense have we "ound the plural cpiae usedR

08. rMbus, 'preparations.' /ee the note on r6s, 0>, <. cOnsP$pserat. /ee the note on 0V, >. 00. o$niu$ opNniOne$. .itherto we have had opninem omnium, but here omnium is $ade e$phatic by being placed "irst. 09. itinere, ablative o" cause. "essus, 'since he was weary.' Aotice that a 6atin adjective or participle $ust o"ten be e-panded into a clause in the translation. 0U. .aud X nn. 't $odi"ies a single word, usually an adjective or adverb. 01. $odo. /ee the note on 0<, 08. ingentN $LgnitPdine. Co$pare in(entis m (nitBdinis, 0U, 2. 7>. bou$. 6earn the declension o" this word "ro$ the vocabulary. 7V. nM. 5 negative clause o" purpose is introduced by n6. 7V. 7. o$nibus locNs. Locus $odi"ied by an adjective is o"ten used without in in the ablative o" place. >. nPsDua$. *e say 'could not "ind anywhere,' but 6atin pre"ers to co$bine the negative with another word. U. reliDuNs. /ee the note on reli>us centaurs, 0V, 7U. 2. M bObus. Co$pare boum, 7>, 7>. *ith Pnus the ablative with ex or d6 is co$$only used instead o" the partitive genitive. 0U. neDue DuicDua$. /ee the note on 08, V. 70. $Ore suO, 'according to his custo$.' turbLtus, 'was con"used W and.' /ee the note on ra D interf6cit, 0<, V. 77. in. /ee the note on in trium, 2, >. 79. respNrandN. /ee the note on 07, 7U. 79. 7. Dua$ DuOs, "or >uam es >us. 00. cui. /ee the note on cui erant, 0>, 9. 07. .erculN i$perLverat, 'had enjoined upon .ercules.' 02. ,urystheO. /ee the note on r cul, 70, >. 01. DuaesNverat. *ith this verb the person o" who$ the Duestion is as!ed is e-pressed in the ablative with ab, d6, or ex. 7>. orbis terrLru$, 'o" the world,' literally 'o" the circle o" lands.' 7U. u$erNs suNs, ablative o" $eans, but we say 'on his shoulders.' nM. /ee the note on 7>, 7V. dMcideret. Aotice the "orce o" the pre"i- d6. 72. $NrLtus, 'wondering at.' #he per"ect participle o" deponent verbs is o"ten best rendered into ,nglish by a present participle. 7U. >. .erculN, dative with prOdesse. ille. /ee the note on Perseus, V, V. V. certO, the adverb. U. vMnisset. *hat would the "or$ be in the direct DuestionR inDuit. /ee the note on 0V, 7<. 2. "NliLbus. #o avoid con"usion with the corresponding "or$s o" deus and flius, the dative and ablative plural o" dea and flia so$eti$es end in bus. sponte. #his noun is practically con"ined to the ablative singular, in prose usually with me , tu , or su , 'o" $y, your, his own accord.' 1. posset, subjunctive because indirect. #he thought o" .ercules was s potest. 00. abesset. #his also is indirect, Duoting absum. 07. u$erNs. /ee the note on 79, 7U. 02. pauca $Nlia. ,-tent o" space, li!e duration o" ti$e, is e-pressed by the accusative, passuu$. /ee the note on 0U, U. 70. ita ut, 'as' accMpissent. .itherto we have "ound the indicative in causal clauses introduced by Duod.

#he subjunctive indicates that the reason is DuotedF the .esperides said >uod acc6pimus. 7<. grLtiLs Mgit. /ee the note on U, 0U. 72. 7. M labOribus. /ee the note on 7V, 2. >. .erculN praecMperat X *ercul imper "erat, 79, 07. 9. posset, subjunctive because it Duotes the thought o" ,urystheus, poterit. U. ut W traheret. #his clause is not itsel" the object o" dedit, but in apposition with the object IAegOtiu$J. 2. o$niu$, partitive genitive. 00. nLrrL$us. #he present is so$eti$es used with anteDua$ to e-press "uture action, as in ,nglish with 'be"ore.' /ee the note on 09, 0. aliMnu$, predicate adjective, the subject o" vidMtur being pauca W prOpOnere. 'n the passive "ide $ay $ean 'be seen,' but it usually $eans 'see$.' 0>. Dui Nde$, 'which also,' literally 'which the sa$e.' 0V. @t, 'when.' 09. dMdPcMbantur, custo$ary action. 01. /tygis "lP$inis. *e say 'river /ty-,' but 'Cississippi River.' DuO, ablative o" $eans. 78. necesse. /ee the note on 7>, >. possent. #he subjunctive is used with anteDua$ to denote that the action is e-pected or intended. 70. in. *e say 'over.' 79. prius. Aotice that 6atin is here $ore e-act than ,nglish, using the co$parative because only two actions are spo!en o". dedisset, subjunctive because indirect. Charon said nisi dederis I"uture per"ectJ, nn tr ns"eham, 'unless you "irst give Ishall have givenJ, ' will not carry you across.' 7<. 0. $ortuN, used as a noun, 'o" the dead $an.' eO cOnsiliO, 'with this purpose,' 'to this end.' #he clause ut W posset is in apposition with cOnsiliO. U. @t. Co$pare 72, 0V. <. Duod cu$ "Mcissent, 'and when they had done this.' /ee the note on >uibus, 78, 0. 0>. /tLbant, 'there stood.' *hat is its subjectR 09. $ortuNs, dative o" indirect object. et. Aotice that a$biguity is avoided by a change o" conjunctions, et connecting the clauses and BDue connecting prae$ia and poenLs. ?" these connectives, et connects two ideas that are independent o" each other and o" eDual i$portanceF ->ue denotes a close connection, o"ten o" two words that together e-press a single ideaF while ac or at>ue Isee line 0<J adds so$ething o" greater i$portance. 0<. et. +ult is o"ten joined by et to another adjective $odi"ying the sa$e noun. 7V. e-. Co$pare 79, 0<. 72. sM sociOs, direct object and predicate accusative respectively. 71. >. nM. 5"ter verbs o" "earing n6 $ust be rendered 'that,' ut, 'that not.' Aotice, however, that the negative idea is as clearly present here as in the other clauses introduced by n6 that we have $et, "or Charon wishes that the thing $ay not happen. 0>. "Mcisset, indirect "or f6ceris. 0<. re"Pgerit. /ee the note on 01, 77. 7>. Duae cu$ ita essent, 'and this being the case,' 'and so,' literally 'since which things were so.' 7V. lNberLtus. /ee the note on r D interf6cit, 0<, V. 79. Duae, object o" perscrNbere, which is the subject o" estF longu$ is predicate adjective. 7U. est. *e say 'would be.' aetLte, ablative o" speci"ication. #ranslate 'when he was now advanced in age' I i=e. 'late in li"e'J, and see the note on fessus, 7>, 09.

>8. 0. accidit. #his is one o" several i$personal verbs which ta!e "or their subject a clause o" result Iut W occNderitJ. >. ut W Nret, a clause o" resultF used as the subject o" esset, $Os being predicate. Duis. 5"ter s, nisi, n6, and num, this is not the interrogative, but an inde"inite pronoun I'any one'J, occNdisset, indirect "or occderit, which would be the "or$ used in the lawsF or it $ay be e-plained as subjunctive by attraction to Nret. 2. trLnseant, not 'they are crossing,' but 'they are to cross.' #he direct "or$ would be ZtrLnseL$us I'.ow in the world are we to get acrossR'J, subjunctive because the Duestion e-presses doubt. #his is called the deliberative subjunctive. 08. prOgressus, 'a"ter advancing.' 00. revertMbLtur. #his verb is deponent in the present, i$per"ect, and "uture. 0U. hu$N, locative, 'on the ground.' nM. /ee the note on 7>, 7V. suN ulcNscendN, 'o" avenging hi$sel".' #his is called the gerundive construction. 't is regularly used instead o" the gerund when the gerund would have an accusative object I s6 ulcscendJ. Aotice that the gerund is a verbal nounF the gerundive a verbal adjective, agreeing with its noun li!e any other adjective. 02. $orientis, 'o" a dying $an.' Co$pare mortu, 7<, 0. 0<. vNs, "ro$ "ol. 78. sN W vMnerit, 'i" you ever suspect hi$.' *hat is the literal $eaningR Aotice that we use the present, while 6atin by the use o" the "uture per"ect indicates that the action is to precede that o" the $ain clause. 70. in"iciMs. #he "uture indicative is so$eti$es used, as in ,nglish, "or the i$perative. 77. nihil $alN. /ee the note on 77, 7U. suspicLta. /ee the note on 79, 72. 79. 'olMn, "Nlia$, captNva$, direct object, appositive, and predicate accusative respectively. 7U. do$u$. /ee the note on ad domum, >, 09. >0. 0. re"erret. /ee the note on 01, U. 7. "acerent, subjunctive by attraction. #he verb o" a clause dependent upon an in"initive is put in the subjunctive when the two clauses are closely connected in thought. *e have already $et this construction in the case o" dependence upon a subjunctiveF see the note on 78, 7. gerere. Co$pare >8, >. /uch phrases as ms est $ay have as subject either an in"initive or a clause o" result. >. verita. #his participle is regularly rendered as present, nM. /ee the note on 71, >. V. veste$. Aotice that the position o" this word helps to $a!e it clear that it is the object o" Nn"Mcit as well as o" dedit. 9. suspicLns. #his does not di""er appreciably in "orce "ro$ suspic ta, >8, 77. <. e-ani$Ltus, 'beside hi$sel".' 0V. succenderent. Aotice the "orce o" the pre"i- sub in this word and in subdidit below. 09. inductus, '$oved.'
THE ARGONAUTS

>>. 0. alter W alter, 'one W the other.' Re$e$ber that this word is used to denote one o" two given persons or things. *e have in this passage an instance o" the chiastic order, in which variety and e$phasis are gained by reversing the position o" the words in the second o" two si$ilar e-pressions. .ere the two na$es are brought together by this device. >. rMgnN, objective genitive, i=e. a genitive used to denote the object o" the "eeling cupiditLte. U. e- a$NcNs. QuNda$, li!e Bnus, co$$only has ex or d6 and the ablative, instead o" the

partitive genitive. 08. pueru$ $ortuu$ esse, 'that the boy was dead,' literally 'the boy to be dead.' #his is indirect "or Puer mortuus est, '#he boy is dead.' Aotice care"ully what changes 6atin $a!es in Duoting such a state$ent indirectly, and what the changes are in ,nglish. *e have already $et two constructions o" indirect discourse, the subjunctive in indirect Duestions, and the subjunctive in in"or$al indirect discourse. y the latter is $eant a subordinate clause which, though not "or$ing part o" a "or$al Duotation, has the subjunctive to show that not the spea!er or writer but so$e other person is responsible "or the idea it e-presses Isee the notes on dedisset, 72, 79, and occdisset. >8, >J. 'n indirect discourse, then, a state$ent depending upon a verb o" saying, thin!ing, !nowing, perceiving, or the li!e has its verb in the in"initive with the subject in the accusativeF a co$$and or Duestion has its verb in the subjunctiveF and any clause $odi"ying such a state$ent, co$$and, or Duestion has its verb in the subjunctive. >>. 0>. intellegerent. /ee the note on 0V, 78. 0V. nesciO Dua$ "Lbula$, 'so$e story or other.' Aotice that nesci with the interrogative pronoun is eDuivalent to an inde"inite pronoun. 01. OrLculu$. Read again the description beginning at the botto$ o" page 00. 70. Duis. /ee the note on >8, >. Post paucNs annNs, 'a "ew years later,' literally 'later by a "ew years.' Post is here an adverb, and paucNs annNs ablative o" degree o" di""erence. #he e-pression is eDuivalent to post paucs anns. 77. accidit. /ee the note on >8, 0. "actPrus, 'intending to $a!e.' #he "uture participle with a "or$ o" sum is used to e-press an intended or "uture action. #his is called the active periphrastic conjugation. 7>. certa$. /ee the note on 9, 0>. 7V. %iM cOnstitPtL, ablative o" ti$e. 7U. L pueritiL. Co$pare puer, 1, 78. >V. 7. trLnseundO "lP$ine. /ee the note on su ulcscend, >8, 0U. nesciO DuO. /ee the note on >>. 0V. V. PnO pede nPdO, 'with one "oot bare,' the ablative absolute. #his construction consists o" two parts, a noun, or pronoun corresponding to the subject o" a clause, and a participle corresponding to the verb o" a clause. 5 predicate noun or adjective $ay ta!e the place o" the participle. 'n the latter case the use o" the participle 'being' will show the two parts in the relation o" subject and predicate, 'one "oot being bare.' >V.U. dM$OnstrLvisset, subjunctive because subordinate in indirect discourse. /ee the note on >>, 08. Pelias thought, *c est hom >uem r culum d6mnstr "it. 1. vellus aureu$. Phri-us and his sister .elle were about to be put to death, when they were rescued by a ra$ with "leece o" gold, who carried the$ o"" through the air. .elle "ell "ro$ the ra$'s bac! into the strait that separates ,urope and 5sia, called a"ter her the .ellespont, '.elle's sea,' and !nown to us as the %ardanelles. Phri-us ca$e sa"ely to Colchis, and here he sacri"iced the ra$ and gave the "leece to 5eetes. Read Cr. %.?./. 6owell's 0ason)s 1uest. 00. ut W potNrMtur. /ee the note on 72, U. hOc vellere. Potior ta!es the sa$e construction as "6scor, "or which see the note on 0U, 01. 0U. iter, accusative o" e-tent. 78. PsuN, dative o" purpose. *e say 'o" use' or 'use"ul.' 7V. operN dative a"ter the co$pound with prae. Aotice that not all verbs co$pounded with prepositions govern the dative. Cany co$pounds o" ad, ante, com I"or cumJ, in, inter, ob, post, prae, pr, sub, and super do have the dative, and so$e co$pounds o" circum. (ou will "ind it pro"itable to !eep a list o" all such co$pound verbs governing the dative that you $eet in your reading. 79. nM W Duide$, 'not W even.' #he word e$phasiGed $ust stand between n6 and >uidem. ad labOre$. /ee the note on ad >ui6tem, 0V, 0. 7U. 5d $ultitPdine$ trLnsportanda$, used li!e ad labrem. #he gerundive in this use is

very co$$on. 72. Duibus. #he antecedent eae is not e-pressed. Aotice that Btor governs the sa$e case as "6scor and potior. #wo other deponent verbs, not "ound in this boo!, ta!e this construction, na$ely fruor, 'enjoy,' and fun(or, 'per"or$.' nostrO $arN, i=e. the Cediterranean. cOnsuMvi$us. /ee the note on cnsu6"erat, 08, 1. >9. <. citharoedu$. 't was said that ?rpheus $ade such sweet $usic on his golden harp that wild beasts, trees, and roc!s "ollowed hi$ as he $oved. y his playing he even prevailed upon Pluto to give bac! his dead wi"e ,urydice. #hMseu$, a $ythical hero, whose e-ploits rese$ble and rival those o" .ercules. #he $ost "a$ous o" the$ was the !illing o" the Cinotaur. #heseus was the national hero o" 5thens. Castore$, the "a$ous ta$er o" horses and brother o" Pollu-, the bo-er. Read Cacaulay's Lays of Ancient 7ome, The $attle of the La%e 7e(illus . 08. DuOs, the subject o" esse. 'ts antecedent is eOs, line 00. #he relative "reDuently precedes in 6atin, but the antecedent $ust be translated "irst. 0U. 5rgonautae. Aotice the co$position o" this word. 7V. dMicerentur, part o" the result clause. 7U. arbitrLtN. /ee the note on 79, 72. MgredN. /ee the note on 77, 0<. 72. pPgnLtu$ est. /ee the note on 78 V. >U. 9. PostrNdiM Mius diMN, 'the ne-t day,' $ore literally 'on the day "ollowing that day.' #his idea $ay be e-pressed by postrdi6 alone, and the "uller e-pression is si$ply $ore "or$al. 1. in ancorNs, 'at anchor.' 08. habMrent. /ee the note on >V, U. 00. e- 5rgonautNs. /ee the note on >>, U. 0>. QuN, 'he.' /ee the note on >uibus, 78, 0. du$ Duaerit, 'while loo!ing "or.' #he present indicative with dum is o"ten to be translated by a present participle. 09. vNdissent. *e say 'saw,' but 6atin $a!es it plain that the seeing Iand "alling in loveJ ca$e be"ore the atte$pt to persuade. eN. Keep a list o" all intransitive verbs which are used with the dative. 0U. negLret. #his verb is co$$only used instead o" dc when a negative state$ent "ollowsF when thus used, it should be translated by 'say' with the appropriate negative, here 'said that he would not.' >2. 0. praebuisset, subjunctive in a subordinate clause o" indirect discourse. 7. supplicN. /ee the note on 2, <. U. accubuerat. #he Ro$ans reclined at table, supporting the$selves on the le"t ar$ and ta!ing the "ood with the right hand. #hey naturally represented others as eating in the sa$e way. appositu$, 'that had been placed be"ore hi$.' /ee the note on exanim tum, 0V, V. 2. QuO W $orerMtur, 'and so it ca$e to pass that Phineus was nearly dying o" starvation,' literally 'that not $uch was wanting but that Phineus would die.' @t W abesset is a clause o" result, the subject o" "actu$ estF Duin W $orerMtur is a "or$ o" subordinate clause with subjunctive verb used a"ter certain negative e-pressionsF "a$M is ablative o" cause. Aotice that fam6s has a "i"thB declension ablative, but is otherwise o" the third declension. 1. RMs $ale sM habMbat, 'the situation was desperate.' *hat is the literal $eaningR 07. opNniOne$ virtPtis, 'reputation "or bravery.' 0>. DuNn "errent. Aegative e-pressions o" doubt are regularly "ollowed by >un and the subjunctive. 0U. DuantO in perNculO. /ee the note on 00, 79.

suae rMs, 'his a""airs.' /ee the note on r6s, 0>, <. 02. repperissent. Phineus used the "uture per"ect indicative. 77. nihil, used adverbially. 7>. Lera. /ee the note on V, 00. 72. .Oc "actO, 'when this had been acco$plished.' /ee the note on >V, V. #he ablative absolute is o"ten used instead o" a subordinate clause o" ti$e, cause, condition, or the li!e. ><. 0. re"erret. /ee the note on U, 0U. >. eO cOnsiliO. /ee the note on 7<, 0. V. nM Duis, 'that no one.' 'Aegative clauses o" purpose and negative clauses o" result $ay be distinguished by the negative4 n6, n6 >us, etc., "or purposeF ut nn, ut n6m, etc., "or result. parvO intervLllO, 'a short distance apart,' ablative absolute. /ee the note on >V, 0. 9. in $ediu$ spatiu$, 'between the$.' 2. Duid "aciendu$ esset, 'what was to be done.' #he gerundive is used with sum to denote necessary action. #his is called the passive periphrastic conjugation. <. sublLtNs W solvit, 'weighed anchor and put to sea.' *hat is the literal translationR #he ablative absolute is o"ten best translated by a co[rdinate verb, and this reDuires a change o" voice, "or the lac! o" a per"ect active participle in 6atin is the reason "or the use o" the ablative absolute in such cases. '" there were a per"ect active participle, it would stand in the no$inative, $odi"ying the subject, as we have "ound the per"ect participle o" deponent verbs doing. 00. rMctL W spatiu$, 'straight between the$.' 07. caudL tantu$ L$issL, 'having lost only its tailB"eathers.' Aotice that we change the voice, as in line <, and that the use o" the ablative absolute is resorted to here "or the sa$e reason as in that passage. Ca!e sure at this point that you !now three ways in which the ablative absolute $ay be translated, as in this passage, as in line <, and as suggested in the note on >2, 72. 0V. concurrerent, 'could rush together.' /ee the note on possent, 72, 78. intellegentMs, eDuivalent to cum intelle(erent. 02. dNs, the usual "or$ o" the dative and ablative plural o" deus, as d o" the no$inative plural. DuOru$, eDuivalent to cum erum. 5 relative clause o" cause, li!e a cumBclause o" cause, has its verb in the subjunctive. 72. negLbat. /ee the note on >U, 0U. >1. 0. trLditPru$. 'n in"initives "or$ed with participles esse is o"ten o$itted, prius. /ee the note on 72, 79. >. PrN$u$. /ee the note on 07, 0U. V. iungendN erant. /ee the note on ><, 2. <. reN bene gerendae, 'o" acco$plishing his $ission.' *hat is the literal $eaningR 08. re$ aegrM "erMbat, 'she was greatly distressed.' *hat is the literal $eaningR 07. Quae W essent. /ee the note on 71, 7>. 0>. $edicNnae, objective genitive. 0V. CediL nocte. /ee the note on 1, 9. Nnsciente patre, 'without the !nowledge o" her "ather,' ablative absolute. 09. vMnit. /ee the note on >, 0>. 02. Duod W cOn"Nr$Lret, a relative clause o" purpose. 01. essent, subjunctive in in"or$al indirect discourse, or by attraction to oblineret. 78. ho$inibus. /ee the note on >V, 7V. 70. $LgnitPdine et vNribus, ablative o" speci"ication. V8. 7. nihil valMre, 'prevailed not.' 9. DuL in rM. /ee the note on 00, 79. U. cOn"Mcerit. /ee the note on 01, 77. <. DuOs. /ee the note on >ubus, 78, 0. 1. aute$. /ee the note on 9, <. 08. essent, subjunctive by attraction.

00. DuOda$, 'so$e.' 0U. gNgnerentur, 'should be born.' *ith du$, 'until,' the subjunctive is used o" action anticipated, as with ante>uam Isee the note on possent, 72, 78J. 01. o$nibus agrN partibus. /ee the note on 0<, U. 78. $Nru$ in $odu$ X mr mod. 79. nesciO cPr, '"or so$e reason.' /ee the note on >>, 0V. 7<. nPllO negOtiO, 'with no trouble,' 'without di""iculty.' V0. >. DuNn tulisset. /ee the note on >2, 0>. 09. Dua$ prN$u$, 'as soon as possible.' /ee the note on 7>, 7. 0U. LvectPru$. /ee the note on tr ditBrum, >1, 0. 02. PostrNdiM Mius diMN. /ee the note on >U, 9. 01. locO. #he antecedent is "reDuently thus repeated in the relative clause. 70. DuN W essent, 'to guard the ship.' /ee the note on 0>, 0U. 77. ipse. /ee the note on 70, 01. 72. DuNda$. #his word $ay so$eti$es be rendered by the inde"inite article. 7<. dM$OnstrLvi$us. /ee the note on n rr "imus, 0V, 02. V7. 9. dor$it. /ee the note on fu(it, V, 79. 07. aliDuN. 6earn "ro$ the vocabulary the di""erence between ali>us and ali>u. $LtPrandu$ sibi, 'they ought to hasten,' $ore literally 'haste ought to be $ade by the$'F $LtPrandu$ IesseJ is the i$personal passive, and sibi the soBcalled dative o" the agent. *ith the gerundive the person who has the thing to do is regularly e-pressed in the dative. 0U. $NrLtN. /ee the note on 79, 72. 78. dNs. /ee the note on ><, 02. 70. MvMnisset. /ee the note on acc6pissent, 7U, 70. 7>. vigiliL. #he Ro$ans divided the day "ro$ sunrise to sunset into twelve hours I hraeJ, the night "ro$ sunset to sunrise into "our watches I"i(iliaeJ. 7V. neDue eni$. /ee the note on 2, 07. 79. ini$NcO ani$O, ablative o" description. V>. 7. hOc dolOre, 'this anger,' i=e. 'anger at this.' ALve$ longa$, 'warBgalley,' '$anBo"Bwar.' #he adjective contrasts the shape o" the $anBo"B war with that o" the $erchant$an. V. "ugientNs, used as a noun, 'the "ugitives.' U. DuL, ablative o" $eans. 2. DuL, 'as,' but in the sa$e construction as eLde$ celeritLte. <. Quo W caperentur. /ee the note on >2, 2. 1. neDue W posset, '"or the distance between the$ was not greater than a javelin could be thrown.' *hat is the literal translationR #he clause DuO W posset denotes resultF the distance was not so (reat that a javelin could not be thrown "ro$ one ship to the other. 00. vNdisset. /ee the note on >U, 09. 09. "ugiMns, 'when she "led.' /ee the note on fessus, 7>, 09. 0<. "NlN. /ee the note on 2, <. 01. AeDue W "e"ellit, 'and Cedea was not $ista!en.' *hat is the literal $eaningR 78. ubi prN$u$, 'as soon as,' literally 'when "irst.' 7V. prius, not to be rendered until Dua$ is reached. #he two words together $ean 'be"ore,' $ore literally 'earlier than,' 'sooner than,' #hey are so$eti$es written together Iprius>uamJ. 79. nihil W esse, 'that it would be o" no advantage to hi$.' VV. 9. pollicitus erat. +erbs o" pro$ising do not usually ta!e in 6atin the si$ple present in"initive, as in ,nglish, but the construction o" indirect discourse. 08. $ihi. #he dative o" re"erence is o"ten used in 6atin where we should use a possessive in ,nglish. #ranslate here as i" the word were meus, $odi"ying diMs. 00. 6iceat $ihi, 'per$it $e,' literally 'let it be per$itted to $e.' Co$$ands and entreaties in the third person are regularly e-pressed in the subjunctive.

du$ vNva$, 'so long as ' live.' #he verb with dum 'so long as' is not restricted to the present, as with dum 'while,' but any tense o" the indicative $ay be used. *e have here the "uture indicative, or the present subjunctive by attraction. 07. tP. #he no$inative o" the personal pronouns is co$$only e-pressed only when e$phatic. .ere the use o" the pronoun $a!es the pro$ise $ore positive. 09. re$ aegrM tulit, 'was ve-ed.' Co$pare >1, 08. 78. +ultisne, the verb "ultis and the enclitic -ne, which is used to introduce a Duestion, and is incapable o" translation. Au$ Iline 70J introduces a Duestion to which a negative answer is e-pected, and is li!ewise not to be translated, e-cept in so "ar as its e""ect is reproduced by the "or$ o" the Duestion or the tone o" incredulity with which the words are spo!en. 7<. e""ervMsceret. /ee the note on V8, 0U. V9. >. stupentMs, 'in a$aGe$ent.' 9. +Os. /ee the note on VV, 07. +Os and ego in the ne-t sentence are contrasted. 2. Quod ubi. /ee the note on 7<, <. 08. necLvMrunt. /ee the note on interf6cit, 0>, 0<. 0>. DuNbus. For the case see the note on >ubus, >V, 72. 09. rM vMrL, 'really.' 0<. aegrM tulMrunt, 'were indignant at.' Co$pare >1, 08, and VV, 09. 7>. CreontN. /ee the note on cui erant, 0>, 9. 79. nPntiu$, 'a notice o" divorce.' 7U. dPceret. /ee the note on dBxit, U, 0<. 7<. ultPra$. /ee the note on >1, 0. VU. 0. +este$. Co$pare the story o" the death o" .ercules, pp. >8, >0. >. Duis. /ee the note on >8, >. induisset, subjunctive by attraction. 9. nihil $alN. /ee the note on 77, 7U. 0U. itaDue, not the adverb ita>ue, but the adverb ita and the enclitic conjunction ->ue. Lera. /ee the note on V, 00. 70. in ea$ parte$, 'to that side.'
ULYSSES

V1. V. NnsidiLs. #his re"ers to the story o" the wooden horse. 1. Due$, subject o" e-cOgitLsse. #he ,nglish idio$ is 'who, so$e say, devised.' Aotice that e-cOgitLsse is contracted "ro$ exc(it "isse. 08. DuO, ablative o" $eans. 01. aliae W partNs, 'so$e in one direction and so$e in another,' but 6atin co$presses this into the one clause 'others in other directions.' 78. DuL. /ee the note on V>, U. 7U. Duibusda$, dative with obvia$ "actN, 'having "allen in with,' 'having $et.' 72. 5ccidit. /ee the note on >8, 0. 98. 7. gustLssent, contracted "ro$ (ust "issent. patriae et sociOru$. +erbs o" re$e$bering and "orgetting ta!e the genitive or the accusative, but obl"scor pre"ers the "or$er. V. cibO. /ee the note on 0U, 01. 9. hOrL septi$L. /ee the note on V7, 7>. 00. docuMrunt. /ee the note on V, 7U. 90. U. tantu$, the adverb. 7>. sM, 'they,' i=e. hi$sel" and his co$panions. praedandN causL, 'to steal.' Purpose is "reDuently thus e-pressed by caus with the genitive o" the gerund or gerundive. *hat other ways o" e-pressing purpose have you $et in your readingR

7V. L #rOiL. #he preposition is so$eti$es used with na$es o" towns, with the $eaning '"ro$ the direction o"' or '"ro$ the neighborhood o".' 79. esse. 't will help you to understand indirect discourse i" you will try to discover what words would be used to e-press the idea in the direct "or$. .ere, "or instance, the e-act words o" @lysses would have been in 6atin4 9e>ue merc tr6s sumus ne>ue praedand caus "6nimus; sed Tri redeunt6s " tempest tum r6ct cursB d6puls sumus. 72. ubi W essent. #he Duestion o" Polyphe$us was 4bi est n "is >u "ect estisR sibi W esse, 'that he $ust be e-ceedingly care"ul.' /ee the note on m tBrandum sibi, V7, 07. 71. in W esse, 'had been driven on the roc!s and entirely dashed to pieces.' /ee the note on r D interf6cit, 0<, V. 97. 0. $e$brNs eOru$ dNvulsNs, 'tearing the$ li$b "ro$ li$b.'

V. nM W Duide$. /ee the note on >V, 79. U. ta$. Aotice that the "orce o" a second de$onstrative word is lost in the ,nglish rendering. /o hc tantus "ir, 'this great $an,' etc. 2. hu$N. /ee the note on >8, 0U. prOstrLtus, 'throwing hi$sel" down.' /ee the note on contin6bantur, 78, 7U. <. reN gerendae, '"or action.' Co$pare >1, <. 1. in eO W trLns"Ngeret, 'was on the point o" trans"i-ing.' #he clause o" result ut W trLns"Ngeret is e-planatory o" in eO. 0>. nihil sibi prO"utPru$. /ee the note on V>, 79. 02. hOc cOnLtP. /ee the note on 0>, 00. 0<. nPllL W oblLtL, 'since no hope o" sa"ety presented itsel".' /ee the note on contin6bantur, 78, 7U. 70. et. /ee the note on 7<, 0<. 7>. lLtPri essent, 'would bring,' $ore literally 'were going to bring.' Aotice that in subjunctive constructions the periphrastic "or$ is necessary to e-press "uture action clearly, since the subjunctive has no "uture. 79. Duod, object o" the i$plied f6cerat. 9>. 0V. DuO. /ee the note on V>, 2. 09. id W salPtN, 'and this was his salvation,' literally 'that which was "or sa"ety to hi$.' For the datives see the note on 0>, 0U. 78. tertiu$, the adverb. 77. AM$ine$. *hy is the accusative usedR 72. inDuit. /ee the note on 0V, 7<. 7<. Dua$ "acultLte$, "or facult tem >uam. #he antecedent is o"ten thus attracted into the relative clause, nM o$ittL$us, 'let us not neglect,' the hortatory subjunctive. 71. reN gerendae. /ee the note on 97, <. 9V. 0. e-trM$u$ pLlu$, 'the end o" the sta!e.' ?ther adjectives denoting a part o" the object na$ed by the noun they $odi"y are medius, 'the $iddle o"'F c6terus, 'the rest o"'F reli>uus, 'the rest o"'F prmus, 'the "irst o"'F summus, 'the top o"'F mus, 'the botto$ o".' 9. du$ errat, 'wandering.' 7>. pecus. 's this pecus, pecoris, or pecus, pecudisR /ee the note on pecora, 78, 7U. 7V. vMnerat. *e say 'ca$e,' but the 6atin by the use o" the pluper"ect denotes that this action preceded that o" trLctLbat. 99. 0. DuLs. /ee the note on >uibus, 78, 0. inter sM. Co$pare 70, 78. 9. "ore, 'would happen.' 09. aliDuod. Co$pare V7, 07, and the note. 0U. id W erat, 'as was indeed the case.' 02. au-iliandN causL. /ee the note on 90, 7>. 7U. correptu$ coniMcit, 'seiGed and threw.' 72. nOn W sub$ergerentur. /ee the note on >2, 2. 9U. VBU. #hese verses and those on p. 92 and p. 91 are Duoted "ro$ +ergil's 5eneid. U. vinclNs, "or "inculs. <. vNrNs. 6et the Duantity o" the "irst i tell you "ro$ what no$inative this word co$es. 00. sibi pro"icNscendu$. /ee the note on m tBrandum sibi, V7, 07. 0>. ia$ pro"ectPrO, 'as he was now about to set out.' 0U. nLvigantN, 'to one sailing.' 79. $NrLbantur, 'had been wondering.' *ith ia$ dPdu$ and si$ilar e-pressions the i$per"ect denotes action begun so$e ti$e be"ore and still going on at the given past ti$e. #his is si$ilar to the use o" the present already co$$ented on Isee the note on es, V, 0J. 7<. cMlLta, plural because o" the plural e-pression auru$ et argentu$.

92. 0. ventN, subject o" ruunt and per"lant. 7. velut Lg$ine "actO, 'as i" "or$ed in colu$n.' >. data. Est is o$itted. 08. prOiMcissent. /ee the note on acc6pissent, 7U, 70. 0>. in terra$ Mgrediendu$ esse, 'that a landing $ust be $ade.' 0<. Dua$, an adverb $odi"ying crPdMlN. 01. essent, in"or$al indirect discourse or subjunctive by attraction. 78. vellet, subjunctive o" characteristic. #his na$e is given to the subjunctive when used in relative clauses to de"ine or restrict an inde"inite or general antecedent. /o here it is not 'no one was "ound,' but 'no one willing to underta!e this tas! was "ound.' 70. dMducta est, 'ca$e.' 7>. praeesset, subjunctive o" purpose. 79. MvMnit. #his verb ta!es the sa$e construction as accidit, >8, 0. 9<. 0. nihil. /ee the note on >2, 77. 7. $ortN. Co$pare V1, 7U. 9. aliDuantu$ itineris, 'so$e distance on the journey.' #he two words are accusative o" e-tent o" space and partitive genitive respectively. 00. sibi, '"or the$,' dative o" re"erence. 07. "orNs. #his is translated li!e "orLs above, but the "or$er was originally locative and is there"ore used with verbs o" restF the latter, accusative o" place whither and there"ore used with verbs o" $otion. 09. accubuMrunt. /ee the note on >2, U. 79. perturbLtus, used as a predicate adjective, 'agitated.' 72. correptO. /ee the note on ><, <. 91. 0. Duid. /ee the note on >uis, >8, >. gravius, 'serious.' eN. #he direct "or$ o" these two speeches would be4 3 >uid (ra"ius tibi acciderit, omnium salBs in summ discrmine eritF and 96minem in"tum m6cum addBcam; tibi licet, s m "s, in n " man6re; e(o ipse sine Bll praesidi rem suscipiam. Aotice that e(o is not used to represent s6 o" line 7, but is used "or s6 o" line V "or the sa!e o" the contrast with tibi. U. nPllO. 'nstead o" the genitive and ablative o" n6m, nBllus and nBll are regularly used. 2. 5lNDuantu$ itinerNs. /ee the note on 9<, 9. 08. in eO W intrLret. /ee the note on 97, 1. 00. eN. Co$pare V1, 7U, and 9<, 7. 0V. CircMs, a Gree! "or$ o" the genitive. 0U. Au$. /ee the note on VV, 78. AOnne Iline 0VJ is used to introduce a Duestion to which an a""ir$ative answer is e-pected. 0<. nPllNs. /ee the note on 7V, >. 77. tetigerit. /ee the note on >8, 78. tP W "aciLs, 'see that you draw your sword and $a!e an attac! upon her.' 7V. vNsPs, 'sight,' #he use o" the plural is poetic. 79. tenue$ W aura$. #he order o" the words here is poetic. U8. 0. atDue, 'as.' 5"ter adjectives and adverbs denoting li!eness and unli!eness, this use o" at>ue is regular. >. dMpulsa est. /ee the note on V, 7U. V. sibi. /ee the note on 9<, 00. 00. ut W erat, 'as he had been instructed,' $ore literally 'as had been enjoined upon hi$.' 5n intransitive verb $ust be used i$personally in the passive, "or it is the direct object o" the active voice that beco$es the subject o" the passive. '" the intransitive verb ta!es a dative in the active, this dative is !ept in the passive. Aotice that the corresponding ,nglish verbs are transitive, and that the dative $ay there"ore be rendered as the object in the active construction and as the subject in the passive.

0>. sMnsisset. /ee the note on "dissent, >U, 09. 0V. sibi vNta$ adi$eret, 'ta!e her li"e.' #he dative o" re"erence is thus used a"ter so$e co$pound verbs to na$e the person "ro$ who$ a thing is ta!en. #his construction is so$eti$es called the dative o" separation. 09. ti$Ore perterrita$. /ee the note on 0V, 00. 78. eN pedMs, 'his "eet.' /ee the note on VV, 08. 70. i$perLsset, contracted "ro$ imper "isset. 77. in Ltriu$. /ee the note on 2, >. 7U. sunt, goes with reductN. 71. reliDuNs GraecNs, indirect object o" dNceret. >8. Circaea$. Aotice that this use o" the adjective instead o" the genitive o"ten cannot be i$itated in the ,nglish rendering, but $ust be translated by the possessive case or a prepositional phrase. U0. <. eN persuLsu$ sit, 'he was persuaded.' /ee the note on U8, 00. #he clause ut W $anMret is the subject o" persuLsu$ sitF i" the latter were active, the clause would be its object. For the tense o" persuLsu$ sit see the note on 01, 77. 08. cOnsP$pserat. /ee the note on 0V, >. patriae, objective genitive, to be rendered, as o"ten, with '"or.' 09. PsuN. /ee the note on >V, 78. 7>. anteDua$ pervenNret. *e say 'be"ore he could co$e.' /ee the note on possent, 72, 78. 7V. hOc locO. /ee the note on 7V, 7. longu$ est. *e say '2ould be tedious' or '2ould ta!e too long.'

VOCABULARY

ABBREVIATIONS

abl. X ablative. acc. X accusative. act. X active. adj. X adjective. adv. X adverb. co$p. X co$parative. conj. X conjunction. dat. X dative. de$. X de$onstrative. ". X "e$inine. "reD. X "reDuentative. gen. X genitive. ger. X gerundive. i$pers. X i$personal. indecl. X indeclinable. inde". X inde"inite. in"in. X in"initive. interrog. X interrogative. loc. X locative. $. X $asculine. n. X neuter. part. X participle. pass. X passive. per". X per"ect. pers. X personal. plur. X plural. prep. X preposition. pron. X pronoun or prono$inal. rel. X relative. sing. X singular. superl. X superlative. The hyphen in initial 2ords indicates the composition of the 2ords.
A

L or ab Ithe "or$er never used be"ore words beginning with a vowel or hJ, prep. with abl., a2ay from, from; of; by. abditus, Ba, Bu$ :part o" abdO=, hidden, concealed. abBdO, Bdere, BdidN, Bditus, put a2ay, hide. abBdPcO, BdPcere, BdP-N, Bductus, lead or ta%e a2ay. abBeO, BNre, BiN, BitPrus, (o a2ay, depart. abiciO, Bicere, BiMcN, Biectus :ab Y iaciO=, thro2 a2ay. abripiO, Bripere, BripuN, Breptus :ab Y rapiO=, snatch a2ay, carry off. abscNdO, BcNdere, BcNdN, BcNsus :abs X ab Y caedO=, cut a2ay or off. abBscindO, Bscindere, BscidN, Bscissus, tear a2ay or off. abBsu$, abesse, L"uN, L"utPrus, be a2ay, be absent, be distant; be 2antin(. abBsP$O, BsP$ere, BsP$psN, BsP$ptus, ta%e a2ay, consume, destroy. 5bsyrtus, BN, $., Absyrtus. ac, see atDue. 5castus, BN, $., Acastus. accendO, Bcendere, BcendN, BcMnsus, %indle, li(ht. accidO, Bcidere, BcidN :ad Y cadO=, fall to or upon; befall, happen. accipiO,

Bcipere, BcMpN, Bceptus :ad Y capiO=, ta%e to oneself, recei"e, accept; hear; suffer . accu$bO, Bcu$bere, BcubuN, Bcubitus, lie do2n Iat tableJ. accurrO, Bcurrere, BcurrN, Bcursus :ad Y currO=, run to, come up. Lcer, Lcris, Lcre, sharp, shrill. aciMs, BMN, "., line of battle. 5crisius, BN, $., Acrisius. Lcriter :Lcer=, adv., sharply, fiercely. ad, prep. with acc., to, to2ard; at, near; for. adBa$O, Ba$Lre, Ba$LvN, Ba$Ltus, feel lo"e for, fall in lo"e 2ith. adBdPcO, BdPcere, BdP-N, Bductus, lead to, brin(, ta%e; induce, influence. adBeO, BNre, BiN, Bitus, (o to, approach. adB"erO, ad"erre, attulN, adlLtus, bear to, brin(. ad"iciO, B"icere, B"McN, B"ectus :ad Y "aciO=, do to, mo"e, affect; "isit, afflict. adB"lNgO, B"lNgere, B"lN-i, B"lNctus, dash to, shatter. adhibeO, BhibMre, BhibuN, Bhibitus :ad Y habeO=, hold to, employ, sho2. adB hPc, adv., to this point, up to this time, yet, still . adiciO, Bicere, BiMcN, Biectus :ad Y iaciO=, thro2 to, thro2, hurl. adi$O, Bi$ere, BM$N, BM$ptus :ad Y e$O=, ta%e to oneself, ta%e a2ay. aditus, BPs :adeO=, $., approach, entrance. adBiungo, Biungere, BiPn-N, BiPnctus, 8oin to, 8oin. adBligO, BligLre, BligLvN, BligLtus, bind to, bind. 5d$Mta, Bae, "., Admeta. adB$Nror, B$NrLrN, B$NrLtus, 2onder at, admire. adB $ittO, B$ittere, B$NsN, B$issus, send to, admit; allo2. adBstO, BstLre, BstitN, stand at or near. adulMscMns, Bentis, $., youth, youn( man. adulMscentia, Bae :adulMscMns=, "., youth. adBPrO, BPrere, BPssN, BPstus, set fire to, burn, scorch, sear. adBveniO, BvenNre, BvMnN, Bventus, come to or to2ard, approach, arri"e. adventus, BPs :adveniO=, $., approach, arri"al. 5eacus, BN, $., Aeacus. aedi"icO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :aedis Y "aciO=, ma%e a buildin(, build. aedis, Bis, "., sing. temple, plur. house. 5eMtMs, Bae, $., Aeetes. aegrM :aeger, sic%=, adv., ill, 2ith difficulty. 5egyptiN,BOru$, $. pl., E(yptians. aMneus, Ba, Bu$ :aes=, of copper or bronEe. 5eolia, Bae :5eolus=, "., Aeolia. 5eolus, BN, $., Aeolus. LMr, Leris, $., air. aes, aeris, n., copper, bronEe. 5eson, Bonis, $., Aeson. aestLs, BtLtis, "., summer. aetLs, BtLtis, "., a(e. 5ethiopMs, Bu$, $. plur., Ethiopians. 5etna, Bae, "., Etna. ager, agri, $., field, land. Lg$en, B$inis :ago=, n., band, column. LgnOscO, BgnOscere, BgnOvN, Bgnitus :ad Y IgJnOscO, come to %no2F, reco(niEe. agO, agere, MgN, Lctus, dri"e; do; pass, leadF grLtiLs agere, see grLtia. ala, Bae, "., 2in(. albus, Ba, Bu$, 2hite. 5lc$Mna, Bae, "., Alcmena. aliMnus, Ba, Bu$ :alius=, belon(in( to another, out of place. aliBDuandO, adv., at some time or other; finally, at len(th . aliB Duantu$, BDuantN, n., some2hat. aliBDuN, BDua, BDuod, inde". pron. adj., some, any. aliBDuis, BDuid, inde". pron., someone, any one, somethin(, anythin(, some, any. aliter :alius=, adv., in another 2ay, other2ise, differently. alius, Ba, Bud, another, otherF aliN W aliN, Zso$e W others. alO, Bere, BuN, Btus, nourish. 5lpMs, Biu$, ". plur., Alps. alter, Bera, Beru$, one or the other Io" twoJF another, second. altus, Ba, Bu$ :part, o" alO=, hi(h, deepF altu$, BN, n., the deep. 5$LGonMs,Bu$, ". plur.,AmaEons. L$entia, Bae :L Y $Mns, mind=, "., madness. a$Ncus, BN, $., friend. LB$ittO, B$ittere, B$NsN, B$issus, send a2ay, lose. a$O, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, lo"e. a$or, BOris :a$O=, $., lo"e. LB$oveO, B$ovMre, B$OvN, B$Otus, mo"e a2ay. a$phora, Bae, "., 8ar, bottle. an, conj., or Iin DuestionsJ. ancora, Bae, "., anchorF in ancorNs, at anchor. 5ndro$eda, Bae, "., Andromeda. anguis, Bis, $. and "., serpent, sna%e. ani$a, Bae, "., breath, soul, life. ani$advertO, Bvertere, BvertN, Bversus :ani$us Y adBvertO=, turn the mind to, obser"e. ani$us, BN, $., mind; heart; spirit, coura(e. annus, BN, $., year. ante, prep, with acc. and adv., before. anteL :ante=, adv., before. antecellO, Bcellere, surpass, excel. anteBDua$, conj., before than, sooner than, before. antNDuus, Ba, Bu$, ancient. antru$, BN, n., ca"e. Ln-ius, Ba, Bu$, anxious. aper, aprN, $., 2ild boar. aperiO, BNre, BuN, Btus, open. apertus, Ba, Bu$ :part, o" aperiO=, open. 5pollo, Binis, $., Apollo. appellO, BpellLre, BpellLvN, BpellLtus, call, name. appellO, Bpellere, BpulN, Bpulsus :ad Y pellO=, dri"e to, brin( toF with or without nLve$, put in. appetO, Bpetere, BpetNvN, BpetNtus :ad Y petO=, dra2 near. appOnO, BpOnere, BposuN, Bpositus :ad Y pOnO=, put to or near, set before, ser"e. appropinDuO, BpropinDuLre, BpropinDuLvN, BpropinDuLtus :ad Y propinDuO=, approach to, approach. apud, prep, with acc., amon(, 2ith. aDua, Bae, "., 2ater. Lra, Bae, "., altar. arbitror, BLrN, BLtus, consider, thin%, 8ud(e. arbor, Boris, "., tree. arca, Bae, "., chest, box, ar%. 5rcadia,Bae, "., Arcadia. arcessO, Bere, BNvN, BNtus, call, summon, fetch. arcus, BPs, $., bo2. LrdeO, LrdMre, LrsN, Lrsus, be on fire, burn. argentu$, BN, n., sil"er. 5rgO, 5rgus, "., the Ar(o. 5rgolicus, Ba, Bu$, of Ar(olis Ithe district o" Greece in which #iryns was situatedJ, Ar(olic. 5rgonautae, BLru$ :5rgO Y nauta=, $. plur., Ar(onauts. 5rgus, BN, $., Ar(us. ariMs, Betis, $., ram. ar$a, BOru$, n. plur., arms, 2eapons. ar$Ltus, Ba, Bu$ :part, o" ar$O=, armed. ar$O, BLre, BLvi, BLtus :ar$a=, arm, e>uip. arO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, plo2. ars, artis, "., art. ascendO, Bscendere, BscendN, BscMnsus :ad Y scandO=, climb to, ascend, mount. aspiciO, Bspicere, BspM-N, Bspectus :ad Y speciO=, loo% at or on, behold. at, conj., but. 5thMnae,

BLru$, ". plur., Athens. 5tlLs, Bantis, $., Atlas. atDue or ac Ithe latter never used be"ore words beginning with a vowel or hJ, conj., andF a"ter words o" co$parison, as, than. Ltriu$, BN, n., hall. attingO, Btingere, BtigN, BtLctus :ad Y tango=, touch at. audLcia, Bae :audL-, bold=, "., boldness, audacity. audeO, audMre, ausus su$, dare. audiO, BNre, BNvN, BNtus, hear; listen or attend to. au"erO, au"erre, abstulN, ablLtus :ab Y "erO=, bear a2ay, carry off. au"ugiO, B"ugere, B"PgN :ab Y "ugiO=, flee or run a2ay. 5ugMLs, Bae, $., Au(eas. aura, Bae, "., air, breeEe. aureus, Ba, Bu$ :auru$=, of (old, (olden. auris, Bis, "., ear. auru$, BN, n., (old. aut, conj., orF aut W aut, either D or. aute$, conj., moreo"er; but, ho2e"er; no2. au-ilior, BLri, BLtus :au-iliu$=, help. au-iliu$, BN, n., help, aid. LB vehO, Bvehere, Bve-N, Bvectus, carry a2ay. avis, Bis, "., bird. LBvolO, BvolLre, BvolLvN, BvolLtPrus, fly a2ay. avus, BN, $., (randfather.
B

baculu$, BN, n., stic%, 2and. balteus, BN, $.., belt, (irdle. barbarus, Ba, Bu$, barbarian. beLtus, Ba, Bu$, happy, blessed. bellicOsus, Ba, Bu$ :bellu$=, 2ar-li%e. bellu$, BN, n., 2ar. bMlua, Bae, "., beast, monster. bene :bonus=, adv., 2ell; successfully. bene"iciu$, BN :bene Y "aciO=, n., 2ell-doin(, %indness, ser"ice, benefit. benNgnM :benNgnus, %ind=, adv., %indly. benNgnitLs, BtLtis :benNgnus, %ind=, "., %indness. bibO, bibere, bibN, drin%. biceps, Bcipitis :biB Y caput=, adj., t2o-headed. bonus, Ba, Bu$, (ood. bOs, bovis, gen. plur. bou$, dat. and abl. plur. bObus, $. and "., ox, bull, co2. bracchiu$, BN, n., arm. brevis, Be, short. PsNris, Bidis, $., $usiris.
C

CLcus, BN, $., 5acus. cadLver, Beris, n., dead body, corpse, carcass. cadO, cadere, cecidN, cLsPrus, fall. caecus, Ba, Bu$, blind. caedMs, Bis :caedO, cut=, "., cuttin( do2n, %illin(, slau(hter. caelu$, BN, n., hea"en, s%y. Calais, Bis, $., 5alais. cala$itLs, BtLtis, "., misfortune, calamity, disaster. calceus, BN, $., shoe. cale"aciO, B"acere, B"McN, B"actus :caleO, be hot Y "aciO=, ma%e hot. calor, BOris :caleO, be hot=, $., heat. ca$pus, BN, $., plain, field. cancer, cancrN, $., crab. canis, Bis, $. and "., do(. cantO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :"reD. o" canO, sin(=, sin(. cantus, BPs :canO, sin(=, $., sin(in(, son(. capiO, capere, cMpN, captus, ta%e, catch, seiEe; recei"e, suffer; adopt. captNvus, Ba, Bu$ :capiO=, capti"e. caput, capitis, n., head. carcer, Beris, $., prison. car$en, B$inis :canO, sin(=, n., son(, charm. carO, carnis, "., flesh. carpO, Bere, BsN, Btus, pluc%. Castor, Boris, $., 5astor. castra, BOru$, n. plur., camp. cLsP :abl. o" cLsus=, adv., by chance, accidentally. cLsus, BPs :cadO=, $., fall; chance, accident. catMna, Bae, "., chain. cauda, Bae, "., tail. causa, Bae, "., cause, reasonF abl. causL, for the sa%e of. caveO, cavMre, cLvN, cautus, be2are, ta%e care; be on one)s (uard a(ainst, be2are of . celeber, celebris, celebre, fre>uented; reno2ned, celebrated. celeritLs, BtLtis :celer, s2ift=, "., s2iftness, >uic%ness, speed. celeriter :celer, s2ift=, adv., s2iftly, >uic%ly. cMlO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, hide, conceal. cMna, Bae, "., dinner. cMnLculu$, BN :cMna=, n., dinin(-room. CMnaeu$, BN, n., 5enaeum Ia pro$ontory o" ,uboeaJ. cMnO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :cMna=, dine. cMnseO, cMnsMre, cMnsuN, cMnsus, thin%, belie"e, consider. centaurus, BN, $., centaur. centu$, indecl. adj., one hundred. CMpheus, BN, $., 5epheus. Cerberus, BN, $., 5erberus. Ceres, Cereris, "., 5eres. cernO, cernere, crMvN, certus or crMtus, discern, percei"e, ma%e out. certL$en, B$inis :certO, stri"e=, n., stru((le, contest. certO :abl. o" certus=, adv., 2ith certainty, for certain, certainly. certus, Ba, Bu$ :part. o" cernO=, determined, fixed, certainF certiOre$ "acere, to ma%e more certain, inform. cervus, BN, $., sta(. cMterN, Bae, Ba, plur. adj., the other, the remainin(, the rest of. CharOn, Bontis, $., 5haron. cibus, BN, $., food. cingO, cingere, cin-N, cinctus, surround, (ird. CircM, BMs, "., 5irce. Circaeus, Ba, Bu$ :CircM=, of 5irce. circiter, prep. with acc. and adv., about. circu$, prep. with acc., around. circu$BdO, Bdare, BdedN, Bdatus, put around, surround. circu$BstO, BstLre, BstetN, stand around. citerior, Bius :co$p. "ro$ citrL, on this side of=, adj., on this side, hither. cithara, Bae, "., cithara, lute, lyre. citharoedus, BN :cithara=, $.,

citharoedus Ione who sings to the acco$pani$ent o" the citharaJ. cNvis, Bis, $. and "., citiEen, fello2-citiEen, sub8ect. cNvitLs, BtLtis :cNvis=, "., state. clL$itO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :"reD. o" clL$O, call out=, call out. cla$or, BOris :clL$O, call out=, $., shout, cry. clLva, Bae, "., club. clM$entia, Bae :clM$Mns, merciful=, "., mercy, %indness. coepN, coepisse, coeptus Iused in tenses o" co$pleted actionJ, ha"e be(un, be(an. cOgitO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, consider, thin% o"er. cOgnOscO, BgnOscere, BgnOvN, Bgnitus :co$B Y IgJnOscO, come to %no2=, find out, learnF in tenses o" co$pleted action, ha"e found out, %no2. cOgO, cOgere, coMgN, coLctus :coB Y agO=, dri"e to(ether, collect; compel. coB hortor, BhortLrN, BhortLtus, encoura(e, exhort. ColchN, BOru$, $. plur., 5olchians. Colchis, Bidis, "., 5olchis. collu$, BN, n., nec%. colO, colere, coluN, cultus, till, culti"ate; inhabit; 2orship. color, BOris, $., color. colu$ba, Bae, "., pi(eon, do"e. colu$na, Bae, "., column, pillar. co$es, Bitis :co$B Y eO=, $. and "., companion. co$$eLtus, BPs, $., supplies, pro"isions. co$B$ittO, B$ittere, B$NsN, B$issus, send to(ether; commit, intrust; exposeF proeliu$ co$$ittere, to 8oin battle. co$B$oror, B$orLrN, B$orLtus, tarry, lin(er, delay, stay. co$B$oveO, B$ovMre, B$OvN, B$Otus, mo"e, rouse; disturb. co$B $PtLtiO, BtiOnis, "., chan(e. co$BparO, BparLre, BparLvN, BparLtus, prepare, collect. co$BpellO, Bpellere, BpulN, Bpulsus, dri"e to(ether, dri"e. co$plector, BplectN, Bple-us, embrace. co$BpleO, BplMre, BplMvN, BplMtus, fill full, fill up. co$BplPrMs, BplPra, plur. adj., se"eral, many. co$BportO, BportLre, BportLvN, BportLtus, carry or brin( to(ether, collect. co$BprehendO, Bprehendere, BprehendN, BprehMnsus, seiEe, catch. co$pri$O, Bpri$ere, BpressN, Bpressus :co$B Y pre$O=, press to(ether, s>ueeEe, compress. cOnLtus, BPs :cOnor=, $., attempt, effort. conBcMdO, BcMdere, BcessN, Bcessus, (rant, yield. conBcurrO, Bcurrere, BcurrN, Bcursus, run, rush, or dash to(ether. conBdO, Bdere, BdidN, Bditus, put to(ether, found; store a2ay. cOnB"erO, cOn"erre, contulN, conlLtus, brin( to(ether; (rant, conferF sM cOn"erre, to beta%e oneself, ma%e one)s 2ay. cOn"iciO, B"icere, B"McN, B"ectus :co$B Y "aciO=, ma%e or do completely, complete, finish, accomplish, ma%e; 2ear out . cOnB"Nr$O, B"Nr$Lre, B"Nr$LvN, B"Nr$Ltus, stren(then, establish; declare, assert. cOnB"lNgO, B"lNgere, B"lN-N, B"lNctus, dash to(ether. coniciO, Bicere, BiMcN, Biectus :co$B Y iaciO=, thro2 to(ether; thro2, cast, hurl. conBiungO, Biungere, BiPn-N, BiPnctus, 8oin to(ether, 8oin. coniPn-, coniugis :coniungO=, $. and "., spouse, husband, 2ife. conligO, Bligere, BlMgN, BlMctus :co$B Y legO=, (ather to(ether, collect. conBlocO, BlocLre, BlocLvN, BlocLtus, place to(ether, put, place. conloDuiu$, BN :conloDuor, tal% to(ether=, n., con"ersation. cOnor, BLrN, BLtus, try, attempt. cOnscendO, Bscendere, BscendN, BscMnsus :co$B Y scandO, climb=, climbF nLve$ cOnscendere, to climb the ship, (o on board, embar% . cOnsMnsus, BPs :cOnsentiO, a(reeF , $., a(reement, consent. cOnBseDuor, BseDuN, BsecPtus, follo2 up, follo2; o"erta%e. cOnBservO, BservLre, BservLvN, BservLtus, preser"e, %eep. cOnBsNdO, BsNdere, BsMdN, Bsessus, sit do2n. cOnsiliu$, BN :cOnsulO=, n., ad"ice; plan, desi(n, purpose; prudence. cOnBsistO, Bsistere, BstitN, Bstitus, station oneself, ta%e one)s stand; consist. cOnspectus, BPs :cOnspiciO=, $., si(ht. cOnspiciO, Bspicere, BspM-N, Bspectus :co$B Y speciO, loo%=, behold, percei"e, see. cOnstituO, Bstituere, BstituN, BstitPtus :co$B Y statuO=, set to(ether or up; appoint; determine. cOnBstO, BstLre, BstitN, BstLtPrus, stand to(ether, a(ree; consistF cOnstat, it is a(reed, is 2ell %no2n. cOnBsuMscO, BsuMscere, BsuMvN, BsuMtus, become accustomedF in tenses o" co$pleted action, ha"e become accustomed, be accustomed or 2ont. cOnsulO, Bere, BuN, Btus, consult. cOnBsP$O, BsP$ere, BsP$psN, BsP$ptus, ta%e completely, use up, consume, spend. conBtegO, Btegere, BtM-N, BtMctus, co"er. conBtendO, Btendere, BtendN, Btentus, stretch, hasten. continMns, Bentis :contineO=, "., )mainland, continent. contineO, BtinMre, BtinuN, Btentus :co$B Y teneO=, hold to(ether, %eep 2ithin, shut up in; bound. continuus, Ba, Bu$ :contineO=, continuous, successi"e. contrL, prep, with acc., a(ainst, contrary to. contrOversia, Bae, "., >uarrel, dispute, debate. conBveniO, BvenNre, BvMnN, Bventus, come to(ether, assemble. conB vertO, Bvertere, BvertN, Bversus, turn round, turn, chan(eF in "uga$ convertere, to put to fli(ht. conB vocO, BvocLre, BvocLvN, BvocLtus, call to(ether, summon, assemble. coBorior, BorNrN, Bortus, arise. cOpia, Bae, "., supply, abundanceF plur., forces, troops. Corinthus, BN, $., 5orinth. coriu$, BN, n., hide, leather. cornP, BPs, n., horn. corpus, corporis, n., body. corripiO, Bripere, BripuN, Breptus :co$B Y rapiO=, seiEe, snatch, snatch up. cottNdiM, adv., daily, e"ery day. crMdibilis, Be :crMdO=, credible. crMdO, Bdere, BdidN, Bditus, belie"e. creO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, elect, appoint. CreOn, Bontis, $., 5reon. crepNtus, BPs :crepO, rattle=, $., rattle, clatter. crepundia, BOru$ :crepO, rattle=, n. plur., rattle. CrMta, Bae, "., 5rete. cruciLtus, BPs :cruciO, torture=, $., torture. crPdMlis, Be, cruel. crPs, crPris, n., le(. cubiculu$,

BN :cubO=, n., bedroom. cubO, BLre, BuN, lie do2n, lie, recline. culter, cultrN, $., %nife. cu$, prep, with abl., 2ith. cu$, conj., 2hen, 2hile, after; since; althou(h. cPnae, Baru$, ". plur., cradle. cupiditLs, BtLtis :cupidus=, "., desire, lon(in(, ea(erness. cupidus, Ba, Bu$ :cupiO=, desirous, ea(er. cupiO, Bere, BNvN, BNtus, desire, lon( for, 2ish. cPr, adv., 2hy. currO, currere, cucurrN, cursus, run. cursus, BPs, $., chariot. cursus, BPs :currO=, $., runnin(, course. custOdiO, BNre, BNvN, BNtus :custOs, (uardF, (uard. CyclOps, Bis, $., 5yclops CyGicus, BN, "., 5yEicus.
D

da$nu$, BN, n., harm, in8ury. %anaM, BMs, "., ,anae. dM, prep, with abl., do2n from, from, out of; about, concernin(, of. dMbeO, BMre, BuN, Bitus :dMY habeO=, o2eF with in"in., ou(ht. dMbitus, Ba, Bu$ :part, o" dMbeO=, o2ed, due. dMBcMdO, BcMdere, BcessN, Bcessus, (o a2ay, depart. dece$, indecl. adj., ten. dMcidO, Bcidere, BcidN :dM Y cadO=, fall do2n. deci$us, Ba, Bu$ :dece$=, tenth. dMcipiO, Bcipere, BcMpN, Bceptus :dM Y capiO=, catch, decei"e. decorO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :decus, adornmentF, adorn, distin(uish. dMBcurrO, Bcurrere, BcucurrN, Bcursus, run do2n. dMBdecus, Bdecoris, n., dishonor, dis(race. dMBdO, Bdere, BdidN, Bditus, (i"e a2ay or up. dMBdPcO, BdPcere, BdP-N, Bductus, lead do2n or a2ay, brin(F nLve$ dMdPcere, to dra2 do2n or launch a ship. dMB"endO, B"endere, B"endN, B"Mnsus, 2ard off; defend. dMB"erO, B"erre, BtulN, BlLtus, bear or carry a2ay or off. dMB"essus, Ba, Bu$, 2orn out, exhausted. dM"iciO, B"icere, B"McN, B"ectus :dM Y "aciO=, fail. %MianNra, Bae, "., ,e8anira. dMiciO, Bicere, BiMcN, Biectus :dM Y iaciO=, thro2 do2n, cast, dri"e out of one)s course . deinde, adv., then, next. dMB lLbor, BlLbN, Blapsus, slip or fall do2n. dMligO, Bligere, BlMgN, BlMctus :dM Y legO=, choose out, choose, select. %elphN, BOru$, $. plur., ,elphi. %elphicus, Ba, Bu$ :%elphN=, of ,elphi, ,elphic, ,elphian. dM$issus, Ba, Bu$ :part. o" dM$ittO=, do2ncast, de8ected. dMB$ittO, B$ittere, B$NsN, B$issus, send do2n, let fallF ani$Os dM$ittere, to lose coura(e. dMB$OnstrO, B$OnstrLre, B$OnstrLvN, B$OnstrLtus, point out, sho2; ma%e %no2n. dM$u$, adv., at last. dMniDue, adv., lastly, finally. dMns, dentis, $., tooth. dMnsus, Ba, Bu$, thic%. dMBpellO, Bpellere, BpulN, Bpulsus, dri"e off or a2ay, dri"e. dMBplOrO, BplOrLre, BplOrLvN, BplOrLtus, lament. dMBpOnO, BpOnere, BposuN, Bpositus, put do2n, deposit; lay aside, (i"e upF M $e$oriL dMpOnere, to for(et. dMripiO, Bripere, BripuN, Breptus :dM Y rapiO=, snatch a2ay, tear off, pull do2n. dMscendO, Bscendere, BscendN, BscMnsus :dM Y scandO=, climb do2n, descend. dMBserO, Bserere, BseruN, Bsertus, desert. dMsertus, Ba, Bu$ :part, o" dMserO=, deserted. dMsNderiu$, BN :dMsNderO, desireF , n., desire, lon(in(. dMsiliO, BsilNre, BsiluN, Bsultus :dM Y saliO=, leap do2n. dMBsistO, Bsistere, BstitN, Bstitus, set do2n; lea"e off, desist, cease, stop. dMBspMrO, BspMrLre, BspMrLvN, BspMrLtus, despair. dMBsuper, adv., do2n from abo"e. dMBterreO, BterrMre, BterruN, Bterritus, fri(hten off, deter. dMBtrahO, Btrahere, BtrL-N, BtrLctus, dra2 or pull off. deus, BN, $., (od. dMBvertO, Bvertere, BvertN, turn a2ay or aside. dMBvorO, BvorLre, BvorLvN, BvorLtus, s2allo2 do2n, s2allo2, de"our. de-ter, Btra, Btru$, ri(ht. de-tra, Bae :de-ter=, "., ri(ht hand I$anus understoodJ. %iLna, Bae, "., ,iana. dNcO, dNcere, dN-N, dictus, say, spea%F die$ dNcere, to appoint or set a day. diMs, BMN, $. and "., day. di""icilis, Be :disB Y "acilis=, not easy, difficult. di""icultas, BtLtis :di""icilis=, "., difficulty. di""undO, B"undere, B"PdN, B"Psus :disB Y "undO=, pour forth, spread or shed abroad, diffuse. dNligenter :dNligMns, careful=, adv., carefully, dili(ently. dNligentia, Bae :dNligMns, careful=, "., care, dili(ence, industry. dNBlPcMscO, BlPcMscere, BlP-N, (ro2 li(ht, da2n. dNlPcidM :dNlPcidus, distinct=, adv., distinctly, plainly. dNB$ittO, B$ittere, B$NsN, B$issus, send different 2ays, send forth or a2ay, despatch; let slip, lose. %io$MdMs, Bis, $., ,iomedes. dNrus, Ba, Bu$, dreadful. disBcMdO, BcMdere, BcessN, Bcessus, (o apart, 2ithdra2, depart. discO, discere, didicN, learn. discrN$en, BcrN$inis, n., crisis, peril, dan(er. discus, BN, $., discus, >uoit. disiciO, Bicere, BiMcN, Biectus :disB Y iaciO=, thro2 apart, scatter. diP, adv., for a lon( time, a lon( time or 2hile, lon(F co$p. diPtius, lon(er. dNBvellO, Bvellere, BvellN, Bvulsus, tear apart, rend asunder, tear in pieces . dNversus, Ba, Bu$ :part. o" dNverto=, turned different 2ays, opposite, contrary, different. dNvidO, Bvidere, BvNsN, BvNsus, di"ide, separate. dO, dare, dedN, datus, (i"e. doceo, BMre, BuN, Btus, teach, explain. dolor, BOris :doleO, be in pain=, $., pain, (rief; an(er. dolus, BN, $., tric%, craft. do$ina, Bae, "., mistress. do$us, BPs, "., house, home. dOnu$, BN :do=, n., (ift. dor$iO, BNre, BNvN, sleep. dracO, BOnis, $., dra(on, serpent. dubitO, BLre, BLvN,

BLtus :dubius=, doubt, hesitate. dubius, Ba, Bu$, doubtful, uncertain. dPcO, dPcere, dP-N, ductus :du-=, lead; ma%e, di(F with or without in $Ltri$Oniu$, marry. dPdu$, adv., formerly, of oldF ia$ dPdu$, this lon( time. dulcMdO, Binis :dulcis=, "., s2eetness. dulcis, Be, s2eet. du$, conj., 2hile, as; as lon( as; until. duo, Bae, Bo, plur. adj., t2o. duodeci$ :duo Y dece$=, indecl. adj., t2el"e. duoBdMB vNgintN, indecl. adj., ei(hteen. du-, ducis, $. and "., leader, commander.
E

M, see e-. Mbrius, Ba, Bu$, drun%. MBdNcO, BdNcere, BdN-N, Bdictus, declare, proclaim, appoint. MB dO, Bdere, BdidN, Bditus, put forth, (i"e out, utter. MBdPcO, BdPcere, BdP-N, Bductus, lead out, dra2. e""ervMscO, B"ervMscere, B"erbuN :e- Y "ervMscO=, boil up or o"er, boil. e""iciO, B"icere, B"McN, B"ectus :e- Y "aciO=, ma%e or 2or% out, accomplish, effect. e""lO, B"lLre, B"lLvN, B"lLtus :e- Y "lO=, breathe out. e""ugio, B"ugere, B"PgN :e- Y "ugiO=, flee out or a2ay, escape. e""undO, B"undere, B"PdN, B"Psus :e- Y "undO=, pour out. ego, $eN, pers. pron., !. Mgredior, BgredN, Bgressus :M Y gradior=, (o out or forth, (o ashore, disembar%. MgregiM :Mgregius, excellent=, adv., excellently, splendidly, admirably. Mlis, Bidis, "., Elis. ,lysius, Ba, Bu$, Elysian. MB$ittO, B$ittere, B$NsN, B$issus, send out or forth. eni$, conj., for. MBnPntiO, BnPntiLre, BnPntiLvN, BnPntiLtus, spea% out, announce, ma%e %no2n. eO, Nre, iN, itus, (o. eO :is=, adv., to that place, thither. eDuus, BN, $., horse. MrMctus, Ba, Bu$ :part, o" MrigO=, upri(ht, erect. ergL, prep, with acc., to2ard, for. ,rgNnus, BN, $., Er(inus. Mridanus, BN, $., Eridanus. MrigO, Brigere, BrM-N, BrMctus :M Y regO=, raise or set up, raise, lift; cheer, encoura(e. MripiO, Bripere, BripuN, Breptus :M Y rapiO=, snatch out or a2ay, rescue. errO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, 2ander, stray; be mista%en. MrudiO, BrudNre, BrudNvN, BrudNtus, instruct. ,ry$anthius, Ba, Bu$, of Erymanthus, Erymanthian. ,rythNa, Bae, "., Erythia. et, conj., andF et W et, both D and. etia$ :et Y ia$=, adv., and no2, also, too, e"en. etBsN, conj., e"en if, althou(h. ,uno$us, BN, $., Eunomus. ,urOpa, Bae, "., Europe. ,urylochus, BN, $., Eurylochus. ,urystheus, BN, $., Eurystheus. ,urytiOn, BOnis, $., Eurytion. ,urytus, BN, $., Eurytus. MBvLdO, BvLdere, BvLsN, BvLsus, (o forth, (et a2ay, escape. MBvLnMscO, BvLnMscere, BvLnuN, "anish a2ay. MBveniO, BvenNre, BvMnN, Bventus, come out; turn out, happen, befall. MBvocO, BvocLre, BvocLvN, BvocLtus, call out, challen(e. MBvo$O, Bvo$ere, Bvo$uN, Bvo$itus, "omit forth. e- or M Ithe latter never used be"ore words beginning with a vowel or hJ, prep. with abl., out of, from; of. e-Bani$O, Bani$Lre, Bani$LvN, Bani$Ltus, put out of breath, fati(ue, tire, exhaust; stupefy; %ill. e-BLrdMscO, BLrdMscere, BLrsN, BLrsus, blaEe out, be inflamed, ra(e. e-BcMdO, BcMdere, BcessN, Bcessus, (o out or forth, depart. e-cipiO, Bcipere, BcMpN, Bceptus :e- Y capiO=, ta%e out or up, recei"e, 2elcome, entertain. e-BcitO, BcitLre, BcitLvN, BcitLtus, call out, arouse. e-BclL$O, BclL$Lre, BclL$LvN, BclL$Ltus, cry out, exclaim. e-clPdO, BclPdere, BclPsN, BclPsus :e- Y claudO=, shut out, hinder, pre"ent. e-BcOgitO, BcOgitLre, BcOgitLvN, BcOgitLtus, thin% out, contri"e, de"ise, in"ent. e-B cruciO, BcruciLre, BcruciLvN, cruciLtus, torture. e-BeO, BNre, BiN, Bitus, (o out. e-erceO, BercMre, BercuN, Bercitus, exercise. e-ercitLtiO, BOnis :e-erceO=, "., exercise. e-ercitus, BPs, $., army. e-Bhaurio, BhaurNre, BhausN, Bhaustus, drin% up or off, drain. e-Nsti$O, BNsti$Lre, BNsti$LvN, BNsti$Ltus :e- Y aesti$o, "alueF, consider, belie"e, thin%. e-Borior, BorNrN, Bortus, arise from, sprin( up, rise. e-BpellO, Bpellere, BpulN, Bpulsus, dri"e out, expel. e-BpiO, BpiLre, BpiLvN, BpiLtus, expiate. e-plOrLtor, BOris :e-plOrO=, $., explorer, scout, spy. e-BplOrO, BplOrLre, BplOrLvN, BplOrLtus, search out, explore. e-B pOnO, BpOnere, BposuN, Bpositus, put out, set forth; put on shore, land; explain . e-pri$O, Bpri$ere, BpressN, Bpressus :e- Y pre$O=, press out. e-siliO, BsilNre, BsiluN :e- Y saliO=, leap out or forth. e-siliu$, BN :e-sul, exile=, n., exile. e-BspectO, BspectLre, BspectLvN, BspectLtus, loo% out for, 2ait for, a2ait, expect; 2ait. e-BspNrO, BspNrLre, BspNrLvN, BspNrLtus, breathe out. e-BstruO, Bstruere, BstrP-N, BstrPctus, pile or heap up, build, erect. e-te$plO, adv., immediately, strai(ht2ay, at once. e-BtrahO, Btrahere, BtrL-N, BtrLctus, dra2 or dra( out, release, rescue. e-trM$us, Ba, Bu$, last, extreme, furthest. e-uO, Buere, BuN, BPtus, put or ta%e off.

"aber, "abrN, $., smith. "abricor, BLrN, BLtus :"aber=, ma%e, fashion. "Lbula, Bae :"or, spea%=, "., story. "acile :"acilis, easy=, adv., easily. "acinus, "acinoris :"aciO=, n., deed, crime. "aciO, "acere, "McN, "actus, ma%e, doF iter "acere, see iter. "acultLs, BtLtis :"acilis, easy=, "., possibility, opportunity, chance, means. "allO, "allere, "e"ellN, "alsus, decei"e. "alsus, Ba, Bu$ :part. o" "allO=, fei(ned, pretended, false. "al-, "alcis, "., sic%le; cur"ed s2ord, falchion. "L$a, Bae :"or, spea%=, "., report, rumor. "a$Ms, Bis, abl. "a$M, "., hun(er. "Lr, "arris, n., (rain; meal. "Ltu$, BN :part. o" "or, spea%=, n., destiny, fate. "aucMs, Biu$, ". plur., throat. "a-, "acis, "., torch, firebrand. "MlNciter :"MlN-, happy=, adv., happily, fortunately, successfully. "M$ina, Bae, "., 2oman. "era, Bae :"erus, 2ild=, "., 2ild animal, beast. "erM, adv., nearly, about, almost, for the most part . "erO, "erre, tulN, lLtus, bear, brin(. "erO-, BOcis :"erus, 2ild=, adj., fierce, sa"a(e. "erreus, Ba, Bu$ :"erru$, iron=, of iron, iron. "erveO, BMre, boil; (lo2, burn. "essus, Ba, Bu$, exhausted, 2orn out, 2eary. "igPra, Bae, "., form, shape, fi(ure. "Nlia, Bae, "., dau(hter. "Nlius, BN, $., son. "ingO, "ingere, "in-N, "ictus, in"ent, ma%e up. "Nnis, Bis, $., end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country. "Nniti$us, Ba, Bu$ :"Nnis=, nei(hborin(, ad8oinin(. "NO, "ierN, "actus su$, be done or made, become, happen. "la$$a, Bae, "., flame. "lP$en, B$inis :"luO, flo2=, n., ri"er. "Ons, "ontis, $., fountain, sprin(. "orLs :"oris=, adv., out of doors, forth, out. "orNs :"oris=, adv., out of doors, 2ithout. "oris, Bis, "., door. "Or$a, Bae, "., form, appearance; beauty. "Or$Osus, Ba, Bu$ :"Or$a=, beautiful. "orte :"ors, chance=, adv., by chance, accidentally. "ortis, Be, bra"e. "ortiter :"ortis=, adv., bra"ely. "ortPna, Bae :"ors, chance=, "., fortune. "ossa, Bae :part. o" "odiO, di(=, "., ditch, trench. "rangO, "rangere, "rMgN, "rLctus, brea%; dash to pieces, 2rec%. "rLter, "rLtris, $., brother. "raus, "raudis, "., deception, fraud. "re$itus, BPs :"re$O, roar=, $., roarin(, roar. "rMnO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :"rMnu$, bridle=, bridle, restrain. "retu$, BN, n., strait. "rOns, "rontis, "., forehead. "rPctus, BPs :"ruor, en8oy=, $., en8oyment; fruit. "rP$entor, BLrN, BLtus :"rP$entu$=, fetch (rain, fora(e. "rP$entu$, BN :"ruor, en8oy=, n., (rain. "rPstrL, adv., in "ain. "uga, Bae, "., fli(ht. "ugiO, "ugere, "PgN, "ugitPrus :"uga=, flee, run a2ay. "P$us, BN, $., smo%e. "uror, BOris :"urO, ra(e=, $., ra(e, fury, frenEy, madness. "Prtu$, BN :"Pr, thief=, n., theft.
G

galea, Bae, "., helmet. Gallia, Bae, "., 'aul. gaudeO, gaudMre, gLvNsus, be (lad, re8oice. gaudiu$, BN :gaudeO=, n., (ladness, 8oy. gMns, gentis, "., race, nation. genus, generis, n., %ind, nature. gerO, gerere, gessN, gestus, carry, 2ear; carry on, do. GMryOn, Bonis, $., 'eryon. gNgnO, gNgnere, genuN, genitus, produce, brin( forth. gladius, BN, $., s2ord. GlaucM, BMs, "., 'lauce. glOria, Bae, "., (lory. GorgO, Bonis, "., 'or(on. Graeae, BLru$, ". plur., the 'raeae. Graecia, Bae :Graecus=, "., 'reece. Graecus, Ba, Bu$, 'ree%. grLtia, Bae :grLtus=, "., fa"or; (ratitude, than%sF plur., than%sF grLtiLs agere, to (i"e than%s, than%F grLtia$ re"erre, to return a fa"or, sho2 (ratitude, re>uite. grLtus, Ba, Bu$, pleasin(, (rateful. gravis, Be, hea"y; se"ere, (rie"ous, serious. graviter :gravis=, adv., se"erely, seriously. gubernO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, steer. gustO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, taste.
H

habeO, BMre, BuN, Bitus, ha"e, hold; consider. habitO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :"reD. o" habeO=, d2ell, inhabit. .LdMs, Bae, $., *ades. haereO, haerMre, haesN, haesPrus, stic%; hesitate. haesitO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :"reD. o" haereO=, hesitate. .a$$On, BOnis, $., *ammon. harMna, Bae, "., sand; shore. .arpSiae, BLru$, ". plur., *arpies. haud, adv., not at all, by no means, not. haudDuLDua$ :haud Y DuisDua$=, adv., in no 2ise, not at all. hauriO, haurNre, hausN, haustus, dra2. herba, Bae, "., herb, plant. .erculMs, Bis, $., *ercules. .MsionM, BMs, "., *esione. .esperidMs, Bu$, ". plur., the

*esperides. hesternus, Ba, Bu$ :herN, yesterday=, of yesterday, yesterday)s, hesternus diMs, yesterday. hNc :hNc=, adv., here; hereupon. hNc, haec, hOc, de$. pron., thisF ille W hNc, that D this, the former D the latter. hinc :hNc=, adv., from this place, hence. .ippolytM, BMs, "., *ippolyte. .ispLnia, Bae, "., 3pain. .o$Mrus, NB, $., *omer. ho$O, ho$inis, $., man. honor, BOris, $., honor. hOra, Bae, "., hour. horribilis, Be :horreO, shudder=, dreadful, terrible, horrible. hortor, BLrN, BLtus, exhort, encoura(e, ur(e. hortus, BN, $., (arden. hospitiu$, BN :hospes, host=, n., hospitality. hostis, Bis, $. and "., enemy, foe. hPc :hNc=, adv., to this place, hither. hP$Lnus, Ba, Bu$ :ho$O=, of man, human. hu$N :loc. o" hu$us, (round=, adv., on the (round. .ydra, Bae, "., *ydra. .ylLs, Bae, $., *ylas.
I

iaceO, BMre, BuN, lie, be prostrate. iaciO, iacere, iMcN, iactus, thro2, cast, hurl. ia$, adv., no2, already. iLnua, Bae, "., door. 'LsOn, Bonis, $., 0ason. ibi :is=, adv., in that place, there. Nctus, BPs :NcO, stri%e=, $., blo2. Nde$, eade$, ide$ :is=, de$. pron., the sameF so$eti$es to be translated li%e2ise, also. idOneus, Ba, Bu$, suitable, fit; fa"orable. igitur, conj., therefore. NgnLrus, Ba, Bu$ :inB, not Y gnLrus, %no2in(=, i(norant. NgnLvus, Ba, Bu$ :inB, not Y gnLvus, acti"e=, laEy, co2ardly. Ngnis, Bis, $., fire. NgnOrO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, be i(norant of. NgnOtus, Ba, Bu$ :inB, not Y nOtus=, un%no2n. Nlias, Badis, "., the !liad. ille, illa, illud, de$. pron., that; he, she, it, theyF ille W hNc, see hNc. i$ber, i$bris, $., rain, sho2er. i$buO, Bbuere, BbuN, BbPtus, 2et, soa%, dip. i$$LnitLs, BtLtis :i$$Lnis, cruel=, "., cruelty, barbarity. i$$ittO, B$ittere, B$NsN, B$issus, send or let in. i$$olO, B$olLre, B$olLvN, B$olLtus :in Y $ola=, sacrifice Ithe victi$ was sprin!led with consecrated $ealJ. i$pediO, BpedNre, BpedNvN, BpedNtus :in Y pMs=, hinder, pre"ent, impede. i$pellO, Bpellere, BpulN, Bpulsus :in Y pellO=, dri"e or ur(e on, incite, ur(e. i$perLtor, BOris :i$perO=, $., commander, (eneral. i$perLtu$, BN :part, o" i$perO=, n., command, order. i$perNtus, Ba, Bu$ :inB, not Y perNtus=, inexperienced, uns%illed, i(norant. i$periu$, BN :i$perO=, n., command; s2ay, rule. i$perO, BperLre, BperLvN, BperLtus, command, order, en8oin. i$petrO, BpetrLre, BpetrLvN, BpetrLtus, (ain one)s end, obtain Ia reDuestJ. i$petus, BPs :in Y petO=, $., attac%F i$petu$ "acere, to char(e. i$pOnO, BpOnere, BposuN, Bpositus :in Y pOnO=, place or lay upon, impose; embar%. i$probus, Ba, Bu$ :inB, not Y probus, upri(ht=, 2ic%ed. in, prep, with acc., into, in, to, uponF with abl., in, on. incidO, Bcidere, BcidN :in Y cadO=, fall into or upon. inclPdO, BclPdere, BclPsN, BclPsus :in Y claudO, shut=, shut up in, inclose, imprison. incola, Bae :incolO=, $. and "., inhabitant. inBcolO, Bcolere, BcoluN, inhabit. incolu$is, Be, unhurt, safe. inBco$$odu$, BN, n., incon"enience. inBcrMdibilis, e, incredible. inBdPcO, BdPcere, dP-N, Bductus, lead in or on, mo"e, excite. induO, induere, induN, indPtus, put on; clothe. inBeO, BNre, BiN, Bitus, (o into, enter; adopt. Nn"andus, Ba, Bu$ :inB, not Y ger. o" "or, spea%=, unspea%able, monstrous. Nn"Lns, B"antis :inB, not Y part. o" "or, spea%=, $. and "., infant, babe. Nn"ectus, Ba, Bu$ :inB, not Y part. o" "aciO=, not done, undone, unaccomplished. NnB"MlN-, B"MlNcis, adj., unhappy, unfortunate. Nn"erN, BOru$ :Nn"erus, belo2=, $. plur., inhabitants of the under2orld, the dead, the shades . Nn"erO, Nn"erre, intulN, inlLtus, brin( in or a(ainst, 2a(e a(ainst; inflict. Nn"Mstus, Ba, Bu$, unsafe, dan(erous. Nn"iciO, B"icere, B"McN, B"ectus :in Y "aciO=, stain, dye. NnB"undO, B"undere, B"PdN, B"Psus, pour in or upon. ingMns, Bgentis, adj., hu(e, "ast. iniciO, Bicere, BiMcN, Biectus :in YiaciO=, thro2 in or upon; cause, inspire. ini$Ncus, Ba, Bu$ :inB, not Y a$Ncus=, unfriendly, hostile. initiu$, BN :ineO=, n., be(innin(. iniPria, Bae :inB, not Y iPs=, "., in8ury, 2ron(, hurt, harm. inluviMs, BMN, "., dirt, filth. inDua$, inDuis, inDuit, de"ective verb, ! say, you say, he says. inBrNdeO, BrNdMre, BrNsN, BrNsus, lau(h at, moc%. inB ru$pO, Bru$pere, BrPpN, Bruptus, burst into or in. inBruO, Bruere, BruN, rush in. NnsLnia, Bae :NnsLnus, mad=, "., madness, insanity. NnsciMns, Bscientis :inB, not Y part. o" sciO=, adj., un%no2in(, una2are. NnBseDuor, BseDuN, BsecPtus, follo2 upon or up, pursue. Nnsidiae, BLru$, ". plur., ambush; plot, strata(em. NnspergO, Bspergere, BspersN, Bspersus :in Y spargO=, sprin%le on or o"er. NnspiciO, Bspicere, BspM-N, Bspectus :in Y speciO=, loo% into or upon. NnstituO, Bstituere, BstituN, BstitPtus :in Y statuO=, decide upon, determine. NnBstruo, Bstruere, BstrP-N, BstrPctus, build in or into; dra2 up; e>uip, furnish, Nnsula, Bae, "., island. intellegO, Blegere, BlM-N, BlMctus, percei"e, understand. inBtendO, Btendere, BtendN, Btentus, stretch out; stretch, dra2, aim. inter, prep, with acc., amon(, bet2een.

intereL :inter=, adv., in the meantime, mean2hile. inter"iciO, B"icere, B"McN, B"ectus :inter Y "aciO=, put out of the 2ay, %ill. interior, Bius :co$p. "ro$ inter=, adj., interior, inner. interB$ittO, B$ittere, B$NsN, B$Nssus, lea"e off, interrupt; let pass; pass., be left bet2een, inter"ene, elapse. interBsu$, Besse, B"uN, B"utPrus, be or lie bet2een. intervLllu$, BN, n., inter"al, space, distance. intrL :inter=, prep. with acc., 2ithin. intrO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :intrL=, (o 2ithin or into, enter. introitus, BPs :introeO, (o 2ithin=, $., entrance. inBtueor, BtuMrN, Btuitus, loo% upon, behold. inBPsitLtus, Ba, Bu$, unusual, extraordinary. inBPtilis, Be, not useful, useless. inBveniO, BvenNre, BvMnN, Bventus, come upon, find. invNtO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, in"ite. invNtus, Ba, Bu$, un2illin(. 'olLus, BN, $., !olaus. 'olM, BMs, "., !ole. 'ovis, gen. o" 'uppiter. NphiclMs, Bis, $., !phicles. ipse, ipsa, ipsu$, intensive pron., self, himself, herself, itself, themsel"esF o"ten to be rendered by "ery. Nra, Bae, "., an(er, 2rath. NrLscor, NrLscN, NrLtus :Nra=, be an(ry. NrLtus, Ba, Bu$ :part, o" NrLscor=, an(ered, enra(ed, an(ry, furious. is, ea, id, de$. pron., this, that; he, she, it, they. iste, ista, istud, de$. pron., that of yours, that. ita :is=, adv., in this manner, thus, soF ita ut, as. Ntalia, Bae, "., !taly. itaBDue, adv., and so, accordin(ly, therefore. iter, itineris :eO=, n., a (oin(, 8ourney, marchF iter "acere, to 8ourney, march. iteru$, adv., a(ain, a second time. 'thaca, Bae, "., !thaca. iubeO, iubMre, iussN, iPssus, bid, order, command. iPcundus, Ba, Bu$, s2eet, pleasant. iPde-, iPdicis :iPs Y dNcO=, $., 8ud(e. iugu$, BN :iungO=, n., yo%e. iungO, iungere, iPn-N, iPnctus, 8oin; yo%e, harness. 'PnO, BOnis, "., 0uno. 'uppiter, 'ovis, $., 0upiter or 0o"e. iPs, iPris, n., ri(ht, 8ustice, la2F iPs dNcere, to pronounce 8ud(mentF iPs iPrandu$, iPris iPrandN :ger. o" iPrO, s2ear=, oath. iPssu$, BN :part, o" iubeO=, n., order, command. iPssus, BPs :iubeO=, $., biddin(, command. iPstus, Ba, Bu$ :iPs=, 8ust. iuvenis, Bis, $., youn( man, youth.
L

lLbor, lLbN, lapsus, slip, (lide, fall. labor, BOris, $., labor, toil. labOrO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :labor=, labor, toil. lLc, lactis, n., mil%. 6acOnia, Bae, "., Laconia. lacri$a, Bae, "., tear. lacus, BPs, $., la%e. laetitia, Bae :laetus, 8oyful=, "., 8oy. lL$enta, BOru$, n. plur., lamentation. 6Lo$edOn, Bontis, $., Laomedon. lapis, Bidis, $., stone. laDueus, BN, $., noose. 6LrNsa, Bae, "., Larisa. lassitPdO, Binis :lassus, 2eary=, "., 2eariness. lateO, BMre, BuN, lie hid, be concealed. latrO, BOnis, $., robber. lLtus, Ba, Bu$, broad, 2ide. lMgLtus, BN :part. o" lMgO, depute=, $., ambassador. lMnis, Be, (entle. leO, BOnis, $., lion. 6ernaeus, Ba, Bu$, of Lerna, Lernean. 6MthM, BMs, "., Lethe. levis, Be, li(ht, sli(ht. leviter :levis=, adv., sli(htly. libenter :libMns, 2illin(=, adv., 2illin(ly, (ladly. lNberN, BOru$ :lNber, free=, $. plur., children. lNberO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :lNber, free=, set free, free, liberate, release. lNbertLs, BtLtis :lNber, free=, "., freedom, liberty. 6ibya, Bae, "., Libya, Africa. licet, BMre, Buit or Bitu$ est, i$pers., is la2ful or permitted. 6ichLs, Bae, $., Lichas. lNgneus, Ba, Bu$ :lNgnu$=, of 2ood, 2ooden. lNgnu$, BN, n., 2ood. 6igurMs, Bu$, $. plur., Li(urians. 6iguria, Bae :6igurMs=, "., Li(uria. lN$en, B$inis, n., threshold; door. lN$us, BN, $., mud. linter, lintris, "., boat, s%iff. 6inus, BN, $., Linus. lNtus, lNtoris, n., shore. locus, BN, $., plur. loca, Boru$, n., place, situation. longM :longus=, adv., far. longinDuus, Ba, Bu$ :longus=, distant, remote. longus, Ba, Bu$, lon(; tedious. loDuor, loDuN, locPtus, spea%. lOtus, BN, "., lotus. lucru$, BN, n., (ain. luctor, BLrN, BLtus, 2restle, stru((le. lPdus, BN, $., (ame, sport. lP$en, B$inis, n., li(ht. lP-, lPcis, "., li(ht.
M

$agicus, Ba, Bu$, ma(ic. $agis, co$p. adv., more, rather. $agister, BtrN :$agis=, $., master. $Lgni"icM :$Lgni"icus=, adv., splendidly. $Lgni"icentia, Bae :$Lgni"icus=, "., splendor, ma(nificence. $Lgni"icus, Ba, Bu$ :$Lgnus Y "aciO=, splendid, ma(nificent. $LgnitPdO, BtPdinis :$Lgnus=, "., (reatness, siEe. $Lgnopere :abl. o" $Lgnu$ opus=, adv., (reatly, "ery much, exceedin(ly; earnestly. $Lgnus, Ba, Bu$, lar(e, bi(, (reat, mi(hty; loud. $Lior, $Lius, co$p. o" $Lgnus. $ale :$alus=, adv., badly, ill. $LlO, $Llle, $LluN :$agis Y volO=, 2ish rather, prefer.

$alu$, BN :$alus=, n., e"il, mischief. $alus, Ba, Bu$, bad. $Llus, BN, $., mast. $andO, BdLre, BdLvN, BdLtus :$anus Y BdO, put=, put in hand, intrust, commit; char(e, command . $Lne, adv., in the mornin(, early in the mornin(. $aneO, $anMre, $LnsN, $Lnsus, remain. $LnMs, Biu$, $. plur., spirit, shade. $anus, BPs, "., hand. $are, $aris, n., sea. $arNtus, BN, $., husband. CLrs, CLrtis, $., +ars. $Lter, $Ltris, "., mother. $Ltri$Oniu$, BN :$Lter=, n., marria(eF in $Ltri$Oniu$ dPcere, marry. $LtPrO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :$LtPrus, ripe=, ripen; hasten. $L-i$M :$L-i$us=, adv., "ery (reatly, exceedin(ly, especially. $L-i$us, Ba, Bu$, superl. o" $Lgnus. CMdMa, Bae, "., +edea. $edicL$entu$, BN :$edicO, heal=, n., dru(; poison, potion. $edicNna, Bae :$edicus, physician=, "., art of healin(, medicine. $edius, Ba, Bu$, mid, middle. CedPsa, Bae, "., +edusa. $e$bru$, BN, n., limb, member. $e$oria, Bae :$e$or, rememberin(=, "., memory. $e$orO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :$e$or, rememberin(=, remind of, mention. $entiO, BOnis, "., mention. $ercLtor, BOris :$ercor, trade=, $., trader, merchant. $ercMs, $ercMdis, "., pay, re2ard, 2a(es. Cercurius, BN, $., +ercury. $ergO, $ergere, $ersN, $ersus, dip, plun(e, sin%. $erNdiLnus, Ba, Bu$ :$erNdiMs=, midday, noondayF $erNdiLnu$ te$pus, midday, noon. $erNdiMs, BMN :$edius Y diMs=, $., midday, noon; south. $eritus, Ba, Bu$ :part. o" $ereO=, deser"ed, due, 8ust. $eus, Ba, Bu$ :ego, $eN=, my, mine. $Nles, $Nlitis, $., soldier. $NlitLris, Be :$Nles=, military, 2arli%eF rMs $NlitLris, art of 2ar, 2arfare. $Nlle, indecl. adj., a thousandF $Nlia, Biu$, n. plur., thousandsF $Nlia passuu$, thousands of paces, miles. $inae, BLru$, ". plur., threats. Cinerva, Bae, "., +iner"a. $ini$M :$ini$us, least=, adv., least, "ery little; by no means, not at all. $ini$u$ :$ini$us, least=, adv., "ery little, sli(htly. $initor, BLrN, BLtus :$inae=, threaten. CNnOs, CNnOis, $., +inos. $inus, co$p. adv., less. Cinyae, BLru$, $. plur., +inyae. $NrLculu$, BN :$Nror=, n., 2onder, mar"el, miracle. $Nror, BLrN, BLtus :$Nrus=, 2onder, 2onder at. $Nrus, Ba, Bu$, 2onderful, stran(e. $isceO, $iscMre, $iscuN, $N-tus, mix, min(le. $isericordia, Bae :$isericors, pitiful=, "F, pity, compassion. $ittO, $ittere, $NsN, $issus, send. $odo :$odus=, adv., only. $odus, BN, $., 2ay, manner. $oenia, Biu$, n. plur., 2alls. $ola, Bae, "., meal. $olestia, Bae :$olestus, annoyin(=, "., annoyance. $oneO, BMre, BuN, Bitus, 2arn. $Ons, $ontis, $., mountain. $OnstrO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :$Onstru$=, point out, sho2. $Onstru$, BN, n., 2onder, monster. $ora, Bae, "., delay. $ordeO, $ordMre, $o$ordN, $orsus, bite. $orior, $orN, $ortuus, die. $oror, BLrN, BLtus :$ora=, delay, lin(er, stay. $ors, $ortNs :$orior=, "., death. $ortLlis, Be :$ors=, mortal. $orti"er, B"era, B"eru$ :$ors Y "erO=, death-brin(in(, deadly. $ortuus, Ba, Bu$ :part. o" morior=, dead. $Os, $Oris, $., 2ay, manner, habit, custom. $oveO, $ovMre, $OvN, $Otus, mo"e. $o-, adv., soon. $PgiO, BNre, BNvN, lo2, bello2. $PgNtus, BPs :$PgiO=, $., lo2in(, bello2in(. $ulier, $ulieris, "., 2oman. $ultitPdO, BtPdinis :$ultus=, "., multitude. $ultO :$ultus=, adv., by much or far, much, far. $ultu$, BN :$ultus=, n., much. $ultu$ :$ultus=, adv., much, (reatly, far. $ultus, Ba, Bu$, much, (reatF plur., many. $PniO, BNre, BNvN, BNtus :$oenia=, fortify. $Pnus, $Pneris, n., ser"ice, office, duty; present, (ift. $Prus, BN, $., 2all. $Psica, Bae, "., music. $PtO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :"reD. o" $oveO=, chan(e. CSsia, Bae, "., +ysia.
N

nactus, part. o" nancNscor. na$, conj., for. na$BDue, conj., for. nancNscor, nancNscN, nactus, (et, obtain, find. nLrrO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, tell, relate, narrate. natO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :"reD. o" nO, s2im=, s2im, float. nLtPra, Bae :nLscor, be born=, "., nature, character. nauta, Bae :nLvis=, $., sailor. nauticus, Ba, Bu$ :nauta=, na"al, nautical. nLvigLtiO, BOnis :nLvigO=, "., sailin(, na"i(ation, "oya(e. nLvigO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :nLvis Y agO=, sail. nLvis, Bis, "., ship. Bne, enclitic introducing a Duestion, untranslatable. nM, adv., notF nM W Duide$, not D e"enF conj., that not, lest. nec, see neDue. necesse, indecl. adj., necessary. necO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, put to death, slay, %ill. neglegO, Blegere, BlM-N, BlMctus :nec Y legO, (ather=, disre(ard, ne(lect. negO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, say no or not, deny, refuse. negOtiu$, BN :nec Y Otiu$, leisure=, n., business, matter; tas%, trouble, difficulty. Ae$eaeus, Ba, Bu$, of 9emea, 9emean. nM$O, nM$inis :neB, not Y ho$O=, $. and "., no one, nobody. nepOs, nepOtis, $., (randson. AeptPnus, BN, $., 9eptune. neDue or nec :neB, not Y BDue=, conj., and not, norF neDue W neDue, neither D norF neDue eni$, for D not. nervus, BN, $., sine2, muscle. neBsciO, BscNre, BscNvN, not %no2,

be i(norantF nesciO Duis, ! %no2 not 2ho, some one or other InesciO is thus used with other interrogative words alsoJ. Aessus, BN, $., 9essus. neu, see nMve. neuter, neutra, neutru$ :neB, not Y uter=, neither. nMve or neu :nM Y Bve, or=, conj., and that not, and not, nor. niger, nigra, nigru$, blac%. nihil, n., indecl., nothin(. nisi :neB, not Y sN=, conj., if not, unless. ni-, nivis, "., sno2. noctP :no-=, adv., at or by ni(ht. nocturnus, Ba, Bu$ :no-=, of ni(ht, nocturnalF nocturnu$ te$pus, ni(httime. nOlO, nOlle, nOluN :neB, not Y volO=, not 2ish, be un2illin(. nO$en, B$inis :nOscO, come to %no2=, n., name Ithat by which one is !nownJ. nOn, adv., not. nOnBdu$, adv., not yet. nOnBne, adv., introducing a Duestion to which an a""ir$ative answer is e-pected, notR nOnBnPllus, Ba, Bu$, not none, some, se"eral. nOs, plur. o" ego. noster, Btra, Btru$ :nOs=, our. nOtus, Ba, Bu$ :part. o" nOscO, come to %no2=, !nown, wellB!nown, "a$ousZ. nove$, indecl. adj., nine. novitLs, BtLtis :novus=, "., ne2ness, no"elty. novus, Ba, Bu$, ne2F novissi$us, last. no-, noctis, "., ni(ht. nPbMs, Bis, "., cloud. nPdus, Ba, Bu$, na%ed, bare. nPllus, Ba, Bu$ :neB, not Y Pllus=, not any, none, no. nu$, adv., introducing a Duestion to which a negative answer is e-pected, untranslatable. nu$erus, BN, $., number. nu$$us, BN, $., coin. nu$Dua$ :neB, not Y u$Dua$, e"er=, adv., ne"er. nunc, adv., no2. nPntiO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :nPntius=, report, announce. nPntius, BN :novus=, $., messen(er; messa(e. nPper :novus=, adv., ne2ly, lately, recently. nPsDua$ :neB, not Y PsDua$, any2here=, adv., no2here. ny$pha, Bae, "., nymph.
O

ob, prep. with acc., on account of, forF in co$pounds, to, a(ainst. obiciO, Bicere, BiMcN, Biectus :ob Y iaciO=, thro2 in the 2ay or to. obBiPrgO, BiPrgLre, BiPrgLvN, BiPrgLtus, chide, scold, reproach. obBlinO, Blinere, BlMvN, Blitus, daub o"er, smear. oblNtus, Ba, Bu$ :part. o" oblNvNscor=, for(etful, unmindful. oblNvNscor, BlNvNscN, BlNtus, for(et. obscPrO, BscPrLre, BscPrLvN, BscPrLtus :obscPrus=, dar%en, hide, conceal. obscPrus, Ba, Bu$, dar%. obsecrO, BsecrLre, BsecrLvN, BsecrLtus, beseech, entreat. obBserO, Bserere, BsMvN, Bsitus, so2, plant; co"er, fill. obsideO, BsidMre, BsMdN, Bsessus :ob Y sedeO=, beset, besie(e. obBstruO, Bstruere, BstrP-N, BstrPctus, build a(ainst, bloc% up. obBtestor, BtestLrN, BtestLtus, call to 2itness; beseech, implore. obtineO, BtinMre, BtinuN, Btentus :ob Y teneO=, hold. obvia$ :ob Y via=, adv., in the 2ay, opposite, face to faceF obvia$ "ierN, to meetF obvia$ Nre, to (o to meet. occLsiO, BOnis :occidO, fall=, "., chance, opportunity. occLsus, BPs :occidO, fall=, $. settin(. occNdO, BcNdere, BcNdN, BcNsus :ob Y caedO, cut=, cut do2n, %ill. occupO, BcupLre, BcupLvN, BcupLtus :ob Y capiO=, seiEe; fill. occurrO, Bcurrere, BcurrN, Bcursus :ob Y currO=, run a(ainst, meet. ?ceanus, BN, $., .ceanus, the ocean. oculus, BN, $., eye. OdN, Odisse, used only in tenses o" co$pleted action with the "orce o" tenses o" inco$plete action, hate. odiu$, BN :OdN=, n., hatred. odor, BOris, $., smell, odor. ?echalia, Bae, "., .echalia. ?eneus, BN, $., .eneus. ?eta, Bae, "., .eta. o""endO, B"endere, B"endN, B"Mnsus, offend. o""erO, o""erre, obtulN, oblLtus :ob Y "erO=, bear to, proffer, offer. o""icNna, Bae, "., 2or%shop, smithy. o""iciu$, BN, n., ser"ice; duty. Oli$, adv., once upon a time, once, formerly, of old. ?ly$pus, BN, $., .lympus. o$ittO, B$ittere, B$NsN, B$issus :ob Y $ittO=, let (o, ne(lect, disre(ard, thro2 a2ay, lose. o$nNnO :o$nis=, adv., alto(ether, 2holly, entirely. o$nis, Be, all, e"ery. onerO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :onus, load=, load, burden. opera, Bae :opus=, "., effort, 2or%, labor. opNniO, BOnis :opNnor, thin%=, "., opinion, expectation; reputation. oppidu$, BN, n., to2n. opportPnus, Ba, Bu$, suitable, seasonable, con"enient, opportune. oppri$O, Bpri$ere, BpressN, Bpressus :ob Y pre$O=, press a(ainst, o"erpo2er, crush. opti$us, Ba, Bu$, superl. o" bonus. opus, operis, n., 2or%, tas%. OrLculu$, BN :OrO=, n., oracle. OrLtiO, BOnis :OrO=, "., speechF OrLtiOne$ habMre, to deli"er an oration, spea%. orbis, Bis, $., circleF orbis terrae or terrLru$, circle of the earth or lands, earth, 2orld. ?rcus, BN, $., .rcus, under-2orld. OrdO, Ordinis, $., arran(ement, order, ran%F e- Ordine, in order. orior, BNrN, Btus, arise, come forth, sprin( upF ortL lPce, at da2n. OrnO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, e>uip, adorn. OrO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :Os=, spea%; be(, pray. ?rpheus, BN, $., .rpheus. Os, Oris, n., mouth. ostendO, Btendere, BtendN, Btentus :ob Y tendO=, stretch out before, sho2, explain. Ostiu$, BN :Os=, n., mouth, door2ay, door. ovis, Bis, "., sheep.

pLbulu$, BN :pLscO=, n., food, fodder. paene, adv., almost, nearly. palaestra, Bae, "., 2restlin(place, (ymnasium. pLlus, BN, $., sta%e. palPs, BPdis, "., s2amp, marsh. parLtus, Ba, Bu$ :part. o" parO=, prepared, e>uipped, ready. pLreO, BMre, BuN, obey. parO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, ma%e ready, prepare. pars, partis, "., part, side, direction. parvus, Ba, Bu$, little, small. pLscO, pLscere, pLvN, pLstus, feed. passus, BPs :pandO, stretchF , $., paceZF $Nlia passuu$, see $Nlle. pLstor, BtOris :pLscO=, $., shepherd. pate"aciO, B"acere, B"McN, B"actus :pateO, be open Y "aciO=, thro2, or lay open, open. pater, patris, $., father. patior, patN, passus, bear, suffer, allo2. patria, Bae :pater=, "., fatherland, country. paucN, Bae, Ba, plur. adj., fe2. paulO :paulus, littleF, adv., by a little, a little, some2hat. paulu$ :paulus, little=, adv., a little, some2hat. pavor, BOris :payeO, be terrified=, $., terror, panic. pectus, pectoris, n., breast. pecPnia, Bae :pecus=, "., money Ithe possession o" cattle constituting wealth in early ti$esJ. pecus, pecoris, n., herd, floc%, cattle. pecus, pecudis, "., head of cattle, beast, sheep, (oat. PeliLs, Bae, $., Pelias. pellis, Bis, "., hide, s%in, pelt. pellO, pellere, pepulN, pulsus, dri"e, dri"e a2ay, beat, rout. pendO, pendere, pependN, pMnsus, 2ei(h out, pay. PMnelopM, BMs, "., Penelope. per, prep, with ace., throu(h, by means of. percipiO, Bcipere, BcMpN, Bceptus :per Y capiO=, feel. percutiO, Bcutere, BcussN, Bcussus :per Y DuatiO=, stri%e throu(h, stri%e. perBdPcO, BdPcere, BdP-N, Bductus, lead or brin( throu(h, lead, brin(. peregrNnus, BN, $., stran(er, forei(ner. perennis, Be :per Y annus=, lastin( throu(hout the year, perennial, perpetual . perBeO, BNre, Bii, BitPrus, pass a2ay, perish. perB "erO, B"erre, BtulN, BlLtus, bear throu(h, bear, endure; 2eather. per"iciO, B"icere, B"McN, B"ectus :per Y "aciO=, do or ma%e throu(h, accomplish. perB"lO, B"lLre, blo2 throu(h or o"er. perB"odiO, B"odere, B"OdN, B"ossus, di( or pierce throu(h, transfix. perNculu$, BN, n., dan(er, peril, ris%. perBlPstrO, BlPstrLre, BlPstrLvi, BlPstrLtus, loo% o"er, examine, sur"ey. perB$aneO, B$anMre, B$Lnsi, B$Lnsus, remain. perpetuus, Ba, Bu$ :per Y petO=, continuous, perpetualF in perpetuu$, for all time, fore"er. perBru$pO, Bru$pere, BrPpN, Bruptus, brea% or burst throu(h, brea%. perBscrNbO, BscrNbere, BscrNpsN, scrNptus, 2rite throu(h or in full, describe fully, recount. perBseDuor, BseDuN, BsecPtus, follo2 up, pursue. Perseus, BN, $., Perseus. perBsolvO, Bsolvere, BsolvN, BsolPtus, pay completely, pay. perB suLdeO, BsuLdMre, BsuLsi, BsuLsus, persuade, pre"ail upon, induce. perBterreO, BterrMre, Bterrui, Bterritus, thorou(hly fri(hten, terrify. perBturbO, BturbLre, BturbLvi, BturbLtus, (reatly disturb, disturb, a(itate, thro2 into confusion. perBveniO, BvenNre, BvMnN, Bventus, come throu(h, come, arri"e, reach. pMs, pedis, $., foot. petO, Bere, BNvN or BiN, BNtus, see%, as%; attac%. PhLsis, Bidis, $., Phasis. PhNneus, BN, $., Phineus. Pholus, BN, $., Pholus. Phri-us, BN, $., Phrixus. pinguis, Be, fat. piscLtor, BtOris :piscor, fish=, $., fisherman. plausus, BPs :plaudO, clap=, $., applause. plPrMs, Ba :co$p. o" $ultus=, plur. adj., more, many, se"eral. plPri$us, Ba, Bu$, superl. o" $ultus. PlPtO, BOnis, $., Pluto. pOculu$, BN :pOtO, drin%=, n., cup. poena, Bae, "., penalty, punishment. poMta, Bae, $., poet. polliceor, BlicMrN, Blicitus, promise. PolydectMs, Bis, $., Polydectes. PolyphM$us, BN, $., Polyphemus. pO$u$, BN, n., fruit, apple. pondus, ponderis :pendO=, n., 2ei(ht. pOnO, pOnere, posuN, positus, place, putF pOnN with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on. pOns, pontis, $., brid(e. porcus, BN, $., pi(, ho(, s2ine. porta, Bae, "., (ate; door. portus, BPs, $., harbor, ha"en, port. pOscO, pOscere, popOscN, as%, demand. possideO, BsidMre, BsMdN, Bsessus, hold, possess. possu$, posse, potuN :potis, able Y su$=, be able, ha"e po2er, can. post, adv., after, laterF prep. with acc., after, behind. posteL :post=, adv., after this, after2ards. posterus, Ba, Bu$ :post=, follo2in(, next. postBDua$, conj., later than, after, 2hen. postrM$us, Ba, Bu$ :superl. o" posterus=, last. postrNdiM :posterus Y diMs=, adv., the day after, the next day. postulO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, as%, re>uest, demand. potior, BNrN, BNtus :potis, able=, become master of, (et possession of. praeBacPtus, Ba, Bu$, sharp at the end, pointed, sharp. praebeO, BMre, BuN, Bitus :prae, before Y habeO=, hold forth, supply, furnish, (i"e; sho2, present, exhibit . praeB caveO, BcavMre, BcLvN, Bcautus, be2are beforehand, be2are, be on one)s (uard. praecipiO, Bcipere, BcMpN, Bceptus :prae, before Y capiO=, ta%e beforehand, anticipate; order, char(e. praecipuM :praecipuus, especial=, adv., especially. praeBclLrus, BclLra, BclLru$, "ery bri(ht; splendid, remar%able, famous. praeda, Bae, "., booty, spoil, plunder. praeBdNcO, BdNcere, BdN-N, Bdictus, say beforehand, foretell, predict. praedor, BLrN, BLtus :praeda=, plunder. prae$iu$, BN, n., re2ard.

praesMns, Bsentis :part. o" praesu$=, adj., present, immediate, imminent. praesentia, Bae :praesMns=, "., the present. praeses, praesidis, $., protector. praesidiu$, BN :praeses=, n., protection; (uard, escort. praestLns, Bstantis :part. o" praestO=, adj., preGminent, remar%able. praeBstO, BstLre, BstitN, Bstitus, stand in front; sho2. praeBsu$, Besse, B"uN, be before, preside o"er, ha"e char(e of, command. praeter :prae, before=, prep. with acc., before, past, by; besides, except. praetereL :praeter=, adv., besides this, besides, moreo"er. praeterBeO, BNre, BiN, Bitus, pass by. precMs, Bu$, ". plur., prayer, entreaty. prehendO, Bhendere, BhendN, BhMnsus, seiEe. pre$O, pre$ere, pressN, pressus, press, chec%, restrain. pretiu$, BN, n., price, char(e. prN$O :prN$us=, adv., at first. prN$u$ :prN$us=, adv., first, in the first place. prN$us, Ba, Bu$ :superl. "ro$ prO=, first, foremost. prNstinus, Ba, Bu$ :prius=, former. prius :prior, former=, adv., before, first. priusBDua$, conj., before than, sooner than, before. prO, prep. with abl., before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for . procul, adv., at or from a distance, far. proeliu$, BN, n., battle, combatF proeliu$ co$$ittere, to 8oin battle. pro"ectiO, BOnis :pro"icNscor=, "., departure, start. pro"icNscor, B"icNscN, B"ectus :prO"iciO, ma%e pro(ress=, set out, depart, start, $archZ. prOgredior, BgredN, Bgressus :prO Y gradior=, (o for2ard, ad"ance. prohibeO, BhibMre, BhibuN, Bhibitus :prO Y habeO=, hold bac%, pre"ent, hinder. prOiciO, Bicere, BiMcN, Biectus :prO Y iaciO=, thro2 forth or do2n, cast a2ay, thro2. prOB$ittO, B$ittere, B$NsN, B$issus, send or put forth, promise. prO$O, prO$ere, prO$psN, prO$ptus :prO Y e$O=, ta%e or brin( out, produce. prO$unturiu$, BN, n., headland, promontory. properO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, hasten. prOB pOnO, BpOnere, BposuN, Bpositus, put or set before, offer, propose; set forth, say . propter, prep. with acc., on account of, because of. prOra, Bae, "., pro2, bo2. prOBseDuor, BseDuN, BsecPtus, follo2 for2ard, follo2. PrOserpina, Bae, "., Proserpina, Proserpine. prOBsternO, Bsternere, BstrLvN, BstrLtus, stre2 or spread before, thro2 or %noc% do2n. prOBsu$, prOdesse, prO"uN, be of ad"anta(e, profit, a"ail, assist. prOBvehO, Bvehere, Bve-N, Bvectus, carry for2ard. prOBvocO, BvocLre, BvocLvN, BvocLtus, call forth or out, challen(e. pro-i$us, Ba, Bu$ :superl. "ro$ prope, near=, nearest, next. prPdentia, Bae :prPdMns, prudent=, "., prudence. puella, Bae :puer=, "., (irl, maiden. puer, puerN, $., boy. pueritia, Bae :puer=, "., boyhood. pPgna, Bae, "., fi(htin(, battle, combat. pPgnO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :pPgna=, fi(ht. pulcher, pulchra, pulchru$, beautiful. pulsO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :"reD. o" pellO=, push or stri%e a(ainst, %noc%, %noc% at. punctu$, BN :pungO, pric%=, n., point, instant, moment. pPrgO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :pPrus, clean Y agO=, ma%e clean, clean, cleanse. putO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, thin%. PSthia, Bae, "., Pythia.
$

DuL :DuN=, adv., in 2hich place, 2here. DuaerO, Duaerere, DuaesNvN, DuaesNtus, see%; as%, in>uire. DuLlis, Be, of 2hat sortH 2hat %ind ofR Dua$ :Duis and DuN=, adv., ho2H as; thanF with superl., as D as possible. Dua$BDua$, conj., ho2e"er much, althou(h. Duantu$ :Duantus=, adv., ho2 muchH ho2R Duantus, Ba, Bu$, ho2 (reat or muchR Duartus, Ba, Bu$ :Duattuor=, fourth. Duasi :DuN Y sN=, conj., as if. Duattuor, indecl. adj., four. BDue, enclitic conj., and. DuN, Duae, Duod, rel. pron., 2ho, 2hich. DuN, Duae, Duod, interrog. pron. adj., 2hatR DuNda$, Duaeda$, Duodda$, inde". pron., a certain, certain. Duide$, adv., in fact, indeed, certainlyF nM W Duide$, not D e"en. DuiMs, DuiMtis, "., rest, repose. DuNn, conj., so that D not, but that, but. DuNnDuLgintL :DuNnDue, fi"e=, indecl. adj., fifty. DuNntus, Ba, Bu$ :DuNnDue, fi"e=, fifth. Duis, Duid, interrog. pron., 2hoH 2hichH 2hatR Duis, Dua, Duid, inde". pron., any one, anybody, anythin(, some one, somebody, somethin(. DuisBna$, Duaena$, Duidna$, interrog. pron., 2ho, 2hich, or 2hat, prayH 2hoH 2hichH 2hatR DuisBDua$, DuicDua$, inde". pron., any one, anythin(. DuisBDue, DuaeDue, DuidDue, inde". pron., each. DuO :Duis and DuN=, adv., to 2hat placeH 2hitherH to 2hich place, 2hither; for 2hich reason, 2herefore, thereforeF DuO PsDue, till 2henH ho2 lon(R Duod :DuN=, conj., that, in that, because. Duonia$ :cu$ Y ia$=, conj., since no2, since. DuoDue :DuN Y BDue=, adv., also. DuotannNs :Duot, ho2 many Y annus=, adv., e"ery year, yearly, annually. DuotiMns :Duot, ho2 many, adv., as often as.

rL$us, BN, $., branch, bou(h. rapiO, Bere, BuN, Btus, seiEe, snatch. ratiO, BOnis :reor, thin%=, "., plan, $eans, $ethod, $annerZ. recipiO, Bcipere, BcMpN, Bceptus :reB Y capiO=, ta%e or (et bac%, reco"erF sM recipere, to beta%e oneself, 2ithdra2; to collect oneself, reco"er . reBcreO, BcreLre, BcreLvN, BcreLtus, ma%e ane2, rene2, refresh. rMctus, Ba, Bu$ :part. o" regO, direct=, direct, strai(ht. reBcu$bO, Bcu$bere, BcubuN, lie bac% or do2n. recuperO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, reco"er. recPsO, BcPsLre, BcPsLvN, BcPsLtus :reB Y causa=, (i"e a reason a(ainst, refuse. reddO, Bdere, BdidN, Bditus :reB Y dO=, (i"e bac%, return, restore; render. redeO, BNre, BiN, Bitus :reB Y eO=, (o bac%, return. redintegrO, BintegrLre, BintegrLvN, BintegrLtus :reB Y integrO, ma%e 2hole=, ma%e 2hole a(ain, rene2. reditus, BPs :redeO=, $., return. reBdPcO, BdPcere, BdP-N, Bductus, lead or brin( bac%; restore. reB"erO, re"erre, rettulN, relLtus, brin( or carry bac%, returnF pede$ re"erre, to dra2 bac%, retire, retreatF grLtia$ re"erre, see grLtia. re"iciO, B"icere, B"McN, B"ectus :reB Y "aciO=, ma%e ane2, rene2, repair. reB"ugiO, B"ugere, B"PgN, flee bac%, run a2ay, retreat. reB"ulgeO, B"ulgMre, B"ulsN, flash bac%, shine. rMgia, Bae :rMgius, royal=, "., palace. rMgNna, Bae :rM-=, "., >ueen. regiO, BOnis :regO, direct=, "., direction; country, re(ion. rMgnO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :rMgnu$=, rei(n, rule. rMgnu$, BN :rM-=, n., royal po2er, rule, throne; %in(dom, realm. regredior, BgredN, Bgressus :reB Y gradior=, (o bac%, return. reBlinDuO, BlinDuere, BlNDuN, Blictus, lea"e behind, lea"e. reliDuus, Ba, Bu$ :relinDuO=, left, the remainin(, the other, the rest of. re$ediu$, BN :reB Y $edeor, heal=, n., remedy. rM$igO, BLre :rM$e-, ro2er=, ro2. reB$oveO, B$ovMre, B$OvN, B$Otus, mo"e bac%, remo"e. rM$us, BN, $., oar. reBnPntiO, BnPntiLre, BnPntiLvN, BnPntiLtus, brin( bac% 2ord, report, announce. reBpellO, repellere, reppulN, repulsus, dri"e bac% or a2ay, repulse, repel. reperiO, reperNre, repperN, repertus, find, disco"er. repertor, BOris :reperiO=, $., disco"erer, in"entor. reBpleO, BplMre, BplMvN, BplMtus, fill a(ain or up, fill. reBpOnO, BpOnere, BposuN, Bpositus, put or set bac%; store up or a2ay. reBportO, BportLre, BportLvN, BportLtus, carry or brin( bac%. reBpPgnO, BpPgnLre, BpPgnLvN, BpPgnLtus, fi(ht a(ainst, stru((le, resist. rMs, reN, "., thin(, matter, affair, circumstance, situationF rM vMrL, in truth, in fact, really. reBsistO, Bsistere, BstitN, stand bac%, resist. reBspNrO, BspNrLre, BspNrLvN, BspNrLtus, breathe bac% or out, breathe. reB spondeO, BspondMre, BspondN, BspOnsus, reply, ans2er. respOnsu$, BN :part. o" respondeO=, n., reply, ans2er, response. restituO, Bstituere, BstituN, BstitPtus :reB Y statuO=, set up a(ain, put bac%, restore. retineO, BtinMre, BtinuN, Btentus :reB Y teneO=, hold or %eep bac%, %eep, restrain; hold fast. revertor, BvertN, Bversus, per". act. BvertN :reB Y vertO=, turn bac%, return. rM-, rMgis :regO, direct=, $., %in(. Rhada$anthus, BN, $., 7hadamanthus. rNdeO, rNdMre, rNsN, rNsus, lau(h. rNpa, Bae, "., ban%. rNte :rNtus, riteF, adv., duly, fitly. rObur, rOboris, n., oa%. rogO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, as%. rogus, BN, $., funeral pile, pyre. RO$a, Bae, "., 7ome. rOstru$, BN :rOdO, (na2=, n., bea%. ruO, Bere, BN, BitPrus, rush. rPpMs, Bis, "., roc%, cliff; reef. rPrsus :"or reversus, part, o" revertor=, adv., a(ain.
S

saccus, BN, $., ba(, sac%. sacerdOs, BdOtis :sacer, holy Y dO=, $. and "., priest, priestess. sacri"iciu$, BN :sacri"ice=, n., sacrifice. sacri"icO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :sacer, holy Y "aciO=, sacrifice. saepe, adv., often, fre>uently. saevus, Ba, Bu$, fierce, sa"a(e. sagitta, Bae, "., arro2. sLl, salis, $., salt. /al$ydMssus, BN, $., 3almydessus. salsus, Ba, Bu$ :sLl=, salted, salt. salPs, salPtis :salvus, safe=, "., safety, deli"erance, escape. sLnctus, Ba, Bu$ :part, o" sanciO, ma%e sacred=, consecrated, sacred. sanguis, sanguinis, $., blood. sLnitLs, BtLtis :sLnus, sound=, "., soundness; ri(ht reason, sanity. satis, adv., enou(h, sufficiently. sa-u$, BN, n., roc%, stone. scapha, Bae, "., boat, s%iff. scelus, sceleris, n., 2ic%edness, crime. scientia, Bae :sciO=, "., %no2led(e, s%ill. sciO, BNre, BNvN, BNtus, %no2. scrNbO, scrNbere, scrNpsN, scrNptus, 2rite. scPtu$, BN, n., shield. sMBcMdO, BcMdere, BcessN, Bcessus, (o apart, 2ithdra2. secundus, Ba, Bu$ :seDuor=, follo2in(, fa"orable. sed, conj., but. sedeO, sedMre, sMdN, sessus, sit. sMdMs, Bis :sedeO=, "., seat, abode. sM$entis, Bis :se$en, seed=, "., seedin(, so2in(.

se$per, adv., al2ays. sene-, senis, $., old man. sententia, Bae :sentiO=, "., opinion; purpose. sentiO, sentNre, sMnsN, sMnsus, percei"e, feel. sepeliO, sepelNre, sepelNvN, sepultus, bury. septi$us, Ba, Bu$ :septe$, se"en=,se"enth. sepultPra, Bae :sepeliO=, "., burial. seDuor, seDuN, secPtus, follo2. /erNphus, BN, "., 3eriphos. ser$O, BOnis :serO, inter2ea"e=, $., con"ersation, tal%, speech. serO, serere, sMvN, satus, so2, plant. serpMns, Bentis :part, o" serpO, cra2l=, "., serpent. serviO, Bire, BNvN, BNtus :servus=, be sub8ect to, ser"e. servitPs, BtPtis :servus=, "., sla"ery, ser"itude. servO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, sa"e, preser"e. servus, BN, $., sla"e, ser"ant. sN, conj., if. sNc, adv., so, thus. /icilia, Bae, "., 3icily. sNgnu$, BN, n., si(n, si(nal. silva, Bae, "., 2ood, forest. si$ul, adv., at the same timeF si$ul atDue or ac, as soon as. sine, prep. with abl., 2ithout. sinister, Btra, Btru$, left. sinistra, Bae :sinister=, "., left hand I$anus understoodJ. sinus, BPs, $., bosom, lap. situs, Ba, Bu$ :part. o" sinO=, placed, situated. sNBve or seu, conj., or ifF sNve W sNve, 2hether D or. socius, BN :seDuor=, $., companion, comrade, ally. sOl, sOlis, $., sun. soliu$, BN :sedeO=, n., seat, throne. sollicitPdO, BtPdinis :sollicitus=, "., anxiety, care, apprehension. sollicitus, Ba, Bu$, troubled, anxious. sOlus, Ba, Bu$, alone. solvO, solvere, solvN, solPtus, loosen, unbind, release; payF with or without nLve$, cast off, set sail, put to sea. so$nus, BN, $., sleep, dro2siness. sonitus, BPs :sonO, sound=, $. sound, noise. sonOrus, Ba, Bu$ :sonO, sound=, soundin(, loud, noisy. soror, BOris, "., sister. sors, sortis, "., lot. sortior, BNrN, BNtus :sors=, cast or dra2 lots. spargO, spargere, sparsN, sparsus, scatter, sprin%le. spatiu$, BN, n., space, inter"al; space of time, time. speciMs, BMN :speciO, loo%=, "., si(ht, appearance, shape. spectLtor, BOris :spectO=, $., loo%er-on, spectator. spectO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :"reD. o" speciO, loo%=, loo% at or on. speculu$, BN :speciO, loo%=, n., loo%in(-(lass, mirror. spMlunca, Bae, "., ca"e, ca"ern. spernO, spernere, sprMvN, sprMtus, despise, scorn. spMrO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :spMs=, hope. spMs, speN, "., hope. sponte, ". abl. sing., $odi"ied by $eL, tuL, suL, of one)s o2n accord, "oluntarily. sDuLlor, BOris :sDuLleO, be dirty=, $., dirt, filth. stabulu$, BN :stO=, n., standin(-place, stall, stable, inclosure. stati$ :stO=, adv., on the spot, forth2ith, at once, immediately. statuO, statuere, statuN, statPtus :stO=, cause to stand; decide, resol"e. stNpendiu$, BN, n., tax, tribute. stO, stLre, stetN, status, stand. stringO, stringere, strin-N, strictus, dra2, unsheathe. studeO, BMre, BuN, be ea(er, (i"e attention, apply oneself. studiOsus, Ba, Bu$ :studiu$=, ea(er, dili(ent, studious. studiu$, BN :studeO=, n., ea(erness, Eeal; study, pursuit. stupeO, BMre, BuN, be stunned, astounded, or amaEed. /ty$phLlus, BN, $., 3tymphalus. /ty$phLlis, Bidis :/ty$phLlus=, adj., of 3tymphalus, 3tymphalian. /ty-, /tygis, "., 3tyx. suLvis, Be, s2eet, pleasant. sub, prep. with acc. and abl., underF sub vesperu$, to2ards e"enin(. subBdO, Bdere, BdidN, Bditus, put under, apply. subBdPcO, BdPcere, BdP-N, Bductus, dra2 up, beach. subBeO, BNre, BiN, Bitus, (o under; under(o, submit to, sustain, bear, endure. subiciO, Bicere, BiMcN, Biectus :sub Y iaciO=, thro2 or place under. subitO :subitus, unexpected=, adv., unexpectedly, suddenly. subBlevO, BlevLre, BlevLvN, BlevLtus, lift from beneath, lift, raise. subB$ergO, B$ergere, B$ersN, B$ersus, plun(e under, sin%, o"er2helm. subsidiu$, BN :sub Y sedeO=, n., reser"e, reinforcement, support, help. succMdO, BcMdere, BcessN, Bcessus :sub Y cMdO=, (o or come under, follo2 after, succeed. succendO, Bcendere, BcendN, BcMnsus, %indle beneath, set on fire. succNdO, BcNdere, BcNdN, BcNsus :sub Y caedO=, cut belo2 or do2n. sPcus, BN, $., 8uice. suN, sibi, sM or sMsM, re"le-ive pron., himself, herself, itself, themsel"es. su$, esse, "uN, "utPrus, be. su$$us, Ba, Bu$ :superl. o" superus, upper=, uppermost, hi(hest, (reatest. sP$O, sP$ere, sP$psN, sP$ptus :sub Y e$O=, ta%e under or up, ta%eF poena$ sP$ere, to exact or inflict punishment. superior, Bius :co$p. o" superus, upper=, adj., hi(her; former, pre"ious, precedin(. superO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :superus, upper=, o"ercome, defeat, con>uer. superBsu$, Besse, B"uN, be o"er or left, remain. suppliciu$, BN :supple-, %neelin(=, n., punishment, torture. suppOnO, BpOnere, BposuN, Bpositus :sub Y pOnO=, place or put under. suprL :superus, upper=, adv. and prep. with acc., abo"e, before. suprM$us, Ba, Bu$ :superl. o" superus, upper=, hi(hest, last. suscipiO, Bcipere, BcMpN, Bceptus :sub Y capiO=, underta%e. suspendO, Bpendere, BpendN, BpMnsus :sub Y pendO=, han( up, han(. suspNciO, BOnis :suspiciO, loo% as%ance at=, "., suspicion. suspicor, BspicLrN, BspicLtus :suspiciO, loo% as%ance at=, suspect. sustineO, BtinMre, BtinuN, Btentus :sub Y teneO=, hold or bear up, sustain, 2ithstand. suus, Ba, Bu$ :suN=, his, her, its, or their o2n; his, her, its, their . /y$plMgadMs, Bu$, ". plur., the 3ymple(ades.

taceO, BMre, BuN, Bitus, be silent. tacitus, Ba, Bu$ :part. o" taceO=, silent. #aenarus, BN, $., Taenarus. tLlLria, Biu$ :tLlus, an%le=, n. plur., 2in(ed shoes. tLlis, Be, such. ta$, adv., so. ta$en, adv., ho2e"er, yet, ne"ertheless. tande$, adv., at len(th or last, finally. tangO, tangere, tetigN, tLctus, touch. tantu$ :tantus=, adv., so much or far, only. tantus, Ba, Bu$, so (reat or much. #artarus, BN, $., Tartarus. taurus, BN, $., bull. tegO, tegere, tM-N, tMctus, co"er. tMlu$, BN, n., missile, spear, 2eapon. te$erM, adv., rashly. te$pestLs, BtLtis :te$pus=, "., 2eather; storm, tempest. te$plu$, BN, n., sanctuary, temple. te$ptO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, try, attempt. te$pus, te$poris, n., time, season. teneO, BMre, BuN, Btus, hold, %eep; hold bac%, restrain, stop. tenuis, Be, thin. tergu$, BN, n., bac%. terra, Bae, "., land, earth. terreO, BMre, BuN, Bitus, fri(hten, terrify. terribilis, Be :terreO=, dreadful, terrible. terror, BOris :terreO=, $., terror, fri(ht. tertiu$ :tertius=, adv., the or a third time. tertius, Ba, Bu$ :trMs=, third. te-O, Bere, BuN, Btus, 2ea"e. #hMbae, BLru$, ". plur., Thebes. #hMbLnN, BOru$ :#hMbae=, $. plur., Thebans. #her$OdOn, Bontis, $., Thermodon. #hMseus, BN, $., Theseus. #hessalia, Bae, "., Thessaly. #hrLcia, Bae, "., Thrace. #iberis, Bis, $., Tiber. ti$eO, BMre, BuN, fear. ti$or, BOris :ti$eO=, $., fear. tingO, tingere, tin-N, tinctus, 2et, soa%, dye. #Nryns, #Nrynthis, "., Tiryns. tollO, tollere, sustulN, sublLtus, lift, raise; ta%e a2ay, remo"eF ancorLs tollere, to 2ei(h anchor. torDueO, torDuMre, torsN, tortus, turn. tOtus, Ba, Bu$, all the, the 2hole or entire. trLctO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :"reD. o" trahO=, handle, touch, feel. trLdO, Bdere, BdidN, Bditus :trans Y do=, (i"e across, o"er, or up, deli"er; hand do2n, relate, report. trLdPcO, BdPcere, BdP-N, Bductus :trLns Y dPcO=, lead across. trahO, trahere, trL-N, trLctus, dra2, dra(. trLiciO, Bicere, BiMcN, Biectus :trLns Y iaciO=, thro2 across, stri%e throu(h, pierce. trLiectus, BPs :trLiciO=, $., crossin( o"er, passa(e. trLnO, BnLre, BnLvN :trLns Y nO, s2im=, s2im across or o"er. tranDuillitLs, BtLtis :tranDuillus=, "., calm. tranDuillus, Ba, Bu$, calm. trLns, prep. with acc., across, o"er. trLnsBeO, BNre, BiN, Bitus, (o across or o"er, cross. trLnsB"NgO, B"Ngere, B"N-N, B"N-us, thrust or pierce throu(h, transfix. trLnsBportO, BportLre, BportLvN, BportLtus, carry across or o"er, transport. trLnsBvehO, Bvehere, Bve-N, Bvectus, carry across or o"er. trMs, tria, plur. adj., three. tribPtu$, BN :part. o" tribuO, contribute=, n., contribution, tribute. trNstitia, Bae :trNstis, sad=, "., sadness. #rOia, Bae, "., Troy. #rOiLnN, BOru$ :#rOia=, $. plur., Tro8ans. tP, tuN, pers. pron., thou, you. tu$, adv., then, at that time. turbO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :turba, confusion=, confuse, thro2 into disorder, disturb, trouble. turbO, turbinis :turbO=, $., 2hirl2ind, hurricane. turpis, Be, dis(raceful. tPtus, Ba, Bu$ :part. o" tueor, 2atch o"er=, safe. tuus, Ba, Bu$ :tP=, thy, thine, your.
U

ubi, adv., 2hereF conj., 2hen. ulcNscor, ulcNscN, ultus, a"en(e. Pllus, Ba, Bu$, any. Plterior, Bius :co$p. "ro$ PltrL, beyond=, adj., farther. @li-Ms, Bis, $., 4lysses. u$bra, Bae, "., shado2, shade. u$erus, BN, $., shoulder. u$Dua$, adv., e"er. unda, Bae, "., 2a"e. unde, adv., 2hence. Pndeci$us, Ba, Bu$ :Pndeci$, ele"en=, ele"enth. undiDue :unde Y BDue=, adv., from or on all sides. ungO, ungere, Pn-N, Pnctus, smear, anoint. unguentu$, BN :ungO=, n., ointment. Pniversus, Ba, Bu$ :Pnus Y vertO=, all to(ether, 2hole, entire, all. Pnus, Ba, Bu$, one; only, alone. urbs, urbis, "., city. PrO, Prere, PssN, Pstus, burn. PsDue, adv., all the timeF PsDue ad, as far as, untilF DuO PsDue, see DuO. Psus, BPs :Ptor=, $., use; experience. ut, conj., as; 2hen; thatF ita ut, as. uter, utra, utru$, 2hichR o" two. Pter, Ptris, $., 2ine-s%in. uterBDue, utraDue, utru$Due, each, either, both. Ptor, PtN, Psus, use. utri$Due :uterDue=, adv., on either side or both sides. u-or, BOris, "., 2ife.
V

vacuus, Ba, Bu$ :vacO, be empty=, empty. valeO, BMre, BuN, BitPrus, be stron( or effectual, ha"e

effect, pre"ail. validus, Ba, Bu$ :valeO=, stron(. vallis, Bis, "., "alley. varius, Ba, Bu$, "arious. vLs, vLsis, n., plur. vLsa, BOru$, "essel. vLstO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :vLstus=, lay 2aste. vLstus, Ba, Bu$, 2aste, hu(e, enormous, "ast. vehe$enter :vehe$Mns, "iolent=, adv., "iolently, "ehemently; earnestly; exceedin(ly, (reatly. vehO, vehere, ve-N, vectus, carry. vellus, velleris, n., fleece. vMlO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :vMlu$, "eil=, "eil, co"er. velBut, e"en or 8ust as, as. vMnLtiO, BOnis :vMnor, hunt=, "., huntin(. venMnu$, BN, n., poison. veniO, venNre, vMnN, ventus, come. venter, ventris, $., belly. ventus, BN, $., 2ind. verbu$, BN, n., 2ord. vereor, BMrN, Bitus, fear. vMrO :vMrus=, adv., in truth, indeed; ho2e"er. versor, BLrN, BLtus :"reD. o" vertO=, %eep turnin(, be busy or employed, be. vertO, vertere, vertN, versus, turn. vMrus, Ba, Bu$, trueF rM vMrL, in truth, in fact. vMscor, BN, feed on, eat. vesper, vesperN, $., e"enin(. vester, Btra, Btru$ :vOs=, your. vestNgiu$, BN :vestNgO, trac%=, n., trac%, foot-print. vestis, Bis, "., clothin(, dress, robe. vestNtus, BPs :vestiO, clothe=, $., clothin(. via, Bae, "., road, 2ay. viLtor, BtOris :via=, $., 2ayfarer, tra"eler. victi$a, Bae :vincO, o"ercome=, "., "ictim. victOria, Bae :vincO, o"ercome=, "., "ictory. vNctus, BPs :vNvO=, $., sustenance, food. vNcus, BN, $., "illa(e. videO, vidMre, vNdN, vNsus, see; pass., seem. vigilia, Bae :vigil, a2a%e=, "., 2atch. vNgintN, indecl. adj., t2enty. vNlla, Bae, "., country-house, "illa. vN$en, B$inis, n., osier. vinciO, vincNre, vin-N, vinctus, bind. vinculu$, BN :vinciO=, n., bond, chain. vNnu$, BN, n., 2ine. vir, virN, $., man. virgO, virginis, "., maiden. virtPs, BtPtis :vir=, "., manliness, coura(e, bra"ery. vNs, vNs, "., "iolence, force; "irtue, potency, efficacyF plur. vNrMs, Biu$, stren(thF o$nibus vNribus, 2ith all one)s stren(th, 2ith mi(ht and main. vNsus, BPs :videO=, $., si(ht. vNta, Bae :vNvO=, "., life. vNtO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, a"oid, escape. vNvO, vNvere, vN-N, vNctus, li"e. vNvus, Ba, Bu$ :vNvO=, ali"e, li"in(. vi-, adv., 2ith difficulty, scarcely, hardly, barely. vocO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :vO-=, call, summon. +olcLnus, BN, $., /ulcan. volO, BLre, BLvN, BLtPrus, fly. volO, velle, voluN, 2ish. volucris, Bis :volO=, "., bird. voluntLs, BtLtis :volO=, "., 2ish, 2ill. voluptLs, BtLtis :volO=, "., pleasure. vOs, plur. o" tP. vorO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus, s2allo2 2hole, de"our. vO-, vOcis, "., "oice; 2ord. vulnerO, BLre, BLvN, BLtus :vulnus=, 2ound. vulnus, vulneris, n., 2ound.
%

Tephyrus, TMtMs,
END OF VOL. I

BN,

$.,

Iephyrus, Bae,

the $.,

2est

2ind. Ietes.

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