Aigul Issakova - Internship

Fakultt Maschinenwesen
Technische Universitt Mnchen Fakultt fr Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik M. Sc. in Power Engineering
Programmdirektor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rolf Witzmann Programm-Managerin: Iris Schachtner
Kontakt
Iris Schachtner Studiendekanat EI Theresienstr. 90 Raum: 1110f Tel.: 289-28465 E-Mail: iris.schachtner@tum.de
M. Sc. In Power Engineering (MSPE) Research Internship

Last name, first name: Issakova, Aigul Matriculation number: 03636099
Institute: Institute of Energy systems Title: Comparison of different fuels on their grindability and composition Short description of the topic:
As part of the FNR project the high temperature combustion is studied from various biomasses. The results of the fuel analysis should provide conclusions on the combustion behavior, slaggingand fouling properties. Tasks: Grinding of the biomasses Describing of the mills Analysis and evaluation of various fuels
Seite 1
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hartmut Spliethoff Tel +49.89.289.16272 Fax +49.89.289.16271 www.es.mw.tum.de
Begin: 01.10.2013 End: 08.12.2013 Tutor or supervisor (contact person): Raphael Marro
Date
Professors signature
Seite 2
Table of content
1. nt!"ducti"n 2. #im "$ the %!"cess c"nducted and sh"!t desc!i%ti"n "$ it 3. &esc!i%ti"n "$ the e'ui%ment 4. #nal(sis "$ the )i"mass t(%es *. +"nclusi"n
Seite 3
1. nt!"ducti"n
The %"%ulati"n "$ the w"!ld is ,!"win, e-e!( (ea! simultane"usl( with "-e!all ,!"wth "$ ec"n"mic standa!ds es%eciall( in #sia.The %lanet al!ead( has se-en )illi"n inha)itants. and acc"!din, t" the /01. this will ,!"w t" ei,ht )illi"n )( 222*. This is c"nse'uentl( leadin, t" inc!easin, ene!,( c"nsum%ti"n. 2212 )( The hun,e! $"! ene!,( ene!,( ,!"ws c"ntent alm"st "$ the c"m%letel( !ese!-es inde%endentl( "$ wa!s and c!ises and was %!ed"minantl( satis$ied a,ain in n"n3!enewa)le$uels.The c"!!es%"nded t" 39.37* 45 in 2212. +"al is the d"minant $uel in te!ms "$ ex%l"ita)le ene!,( c"ntent. acc"untin, $"! *4 6 "$ the !ese!-es. +!ude "il 7c"n-enti"nal and n"n3c"n-enti"nal8 acc"unts $"! 23 6 "$ the t"tal !ese!-es. natu!al ,as 18.* 6 and nuclea! $uel 4.6 6.
Seite 4
Ta)le 19 :ese!-es and !es"u!ces "$ n"n3!enewa)le !es"u!ces
0"wada(s. when humanit( is awa!e "$ the %!")lem "$ de%letin, "$ the !aw ene!,( !es"u!ces. the 'uesti"n "$ !e%lacin, "$ the classic s"lid $"ssil $uels like ha!d c"al "! li,nite )( "the! !enewa)le t(%es is the t"%ic "$ c"nce!n. The!e$"!e new t(%es "$ )i"mass a!e int!"duced t",ethe! with new t(%es "$ thei! %!e%a!ati"n and t(%es "$ c"m)usti"n.
Seite *
2. #im "$ the %!"cess c"nducted
The %!"cess c"nducted du!in, inte!nshi% was )ased "n %!e%a!ati"n "$ 4 di$$e!ent t(%es "$ )i"mass 7%"%la!. alde!. )i!ch. s%!uce8 )( means "$ ,!indin, and se%a!ati"n due t" the si;e "$ the %a!ticles "$ the ,!inded mate!ial. <i"mass was ,!inded usin, 2 di$$e!ent t(%es "$ mills which we!e e'ui%%ed with 2*2 =m $ilte!s. These all"wed us t" %!e%a!e )i"mass in $"!m "$ %a!ticles with c"!!es%"ndin, si;e.
>ictu!e 1.?acuum cleane!

Seite 6
The!e was a )(3%!"duct. which was inhe!ent du!in, the ,!indin, %!"cess. This )(3%!"duct was !eleased du!in, cleanin, "$ each machine an als" th"u,h clea!ances in machines du!in, "%e!ati"n. The )(3%!"duct was then sie-ed usin, *22 =m and 1 mm sie-es. The !est was %ut int" machines $"! ,!indin, t" 2*2 =m. @!indin, usin, 122 =m $ilte!s in machines was $"und n"t $easi)le as the %!"cess was -e!( sl"w and n"t e$$ecti-e.
>ictu!e 2. *22 =m and 1 mm sie-es
4ach )i"mass was ,!inded se%a!atel( and each machine was cleaned c"m%letel( a$te! "ne t(%e "$ the )i"mass was $inished usin,
Seite 7
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hartmut Spliethoff Tel +49.89.289.16272 Fax +49.89.289.16271
%"we!$ul -acuum cleane! and %a%e! as an a)s"!)in, mate!ial. Filte! "$ each machine had t" )e !eleased and cleaned %!ecisel(.
www.es.mw.tum.de
Picture 3. Bars
#$te! %!"cedu!es stated a)"-e. ,!inded )i"mass was anal(;ed "n s%ecial de-ice t" ,et a dis%e!se dist!i)uti"n.
Seite 8
3. &esc!i%ti"n "$ e'ui%ment
+uttin, mills a!e suita)le $"! the grinding of soft, medium-hard, elastic, fibrous, and heterogeneous mixes of products. The SM 122 is the budget-priced basic model am"n, the :4TS+A cuttin, mills. Bith its st!"n, 1.* kB d!i-e for and 1.*22 !%m !"t"! s%eed the is mill is %a!ticula!l( suitable routine applications. +leanin, made
%a!ticula!l( eas(. n c"m)inati"n with the wide ch"ice "$ )"tt"m sie-es. h"%%e!s and c"llectin, -essels. the mill can )e easil( ada%ted t" -a!(in, a%%licati"n !e'ui!ements. The SM 122 can )e )ench3m"untedC alte!nati-el( a c"n-enient )ase $!ame "n wheels is a-aila)le. Application examples: animal $eed. )"nes. ca!d)"a!d. d!u,s. elect!"nic sc!a%. $""d. leathe!. li,nite. %a%e!. %lant mate!ials. %lastics. !esins. !u))e!. s%ices. st!aw. textiles. w""d.
Seite 9
>ictu!e 4. :etsch SM 122
Product Advantages: $"! !"utine a%%licati"ns. "%timum cuttin, e$$ects. 'uick and eas( cleanin, due t" sm""th su!$aces and %ush3$it !"t"!. de$ined $inal $ineness due t" )"tt"m sie-es with a%e!tu!e si;es $!"m 2.2* 3 22 mm. wide !an,e "$ access"!ies includin, -a!i"us h"%%e!s. c"llecti"n s(stems. !"t"!s and sie-es hi,hest sa$et( standa!ds.
Seite 12
Ta)le 2. Featu!es9
Applications Field of application
size reduction by cutting agriculture, biology, chemistry / plastics, engineering / electronics, environment / recycling, food, medicine / pharmaceuticals Feed material soft, medium-hard, elastic, fibrous Size reduction principle shearing, cutting Material feed size* Final fineness* Speed at &! 'z ( ! 'z) +otor peripheral speed +otor diameter .ypes of rotors .ypes of hoppers Material of grinding tools Sieve sizes 2ollector systems / capacities 5rive 5rive po6er 8lectrical supply data 9o6er connection 9rotection code 7 " ' " 5 closed ;et 6eight 5ocumentation < ! " #! mm !$%& - %! mm *,&!! min-* ,$- - **$- m/s *%,$& mm parallel section rotor / -disc rotor standard, long stoc/ stainless steel, steel for heavy-metal free grinding, tungsten carbide trapezoid holes !$%& / !$&! / !$0& / *$!! / *$&! mm s1uare holes %$!! / -$!! / $!! / #$!! / *!$!! / %!$!! mm collecting receptacle & l / optional3 4! l collecting unit !$%& / !$& l 4-phase motor *,& /7 different voltages 4-phase :9 &&#% " * 0& " 0!! mm (6ith base frame and standard hopper) < 04 /g 6ithout hopper, rotor and base frame =peration > Application ?ideo
Seite 11
Standards
28
www.es.mw.tum.de
unction Principle: si;e !educti"n in the +uttin, Mill SM 122 takes %lace )( cuttin, and shea!in, $"!ces. The sam%le c"mes int" c"ntact with the !"t"!. and is c"mminuted )etween the )lades and the stati"na!( standa!d cuttin, )a!s inse!ted in the h"usin,. n the 63disc !"t"!. s%i!all( a!!an,ed !e-e!si)le ha!d metal %lates "%e!ate )( cuttin, in se'uence. The kni-es "$ the %a!allel secti"n !"t"! ca!!( "ut c"mminuti"n with a %"we!$ul cuttin, acti"n. The dwellin, time "$ the sam%le in the cham)e! is sh"!tC as s""n as it is small en"u,h t" %ass th!"u,h the "%enin,s "$ the )"tt"m sie-e it is discha!,ed and c"llected in the !ece%tacle. The !"t"! s%eed "$ 1.*22 min31 ensu!es $eatu!esEF. ,entle and !a%id si;e !educti"n. Ds"u!ce9 htt%9EEwww.!etsch.c"mE%!"ductsEmillin,Ecuttin,3millsEsm3122E$uncti"n3
!ross "eater #ill S$ %&&
Seite 12
The +!"ss <eate! Mill SG 122 is suita)le $"! c"a!se and $ine si;e !educti"n. eithe! in )atches "! c"ntinu"usl(. t can %!"cess medium3ha!d and )!ittle mate!ials and is eas( t" "%e!ate.
www.es.mw.tum.de
The SG 122 is intended $"! uni-e!sal use9 $!"m sam%le %!e%a!ati"n in la)"!at"!ies u% t" %!e%a!in, sam%le )atches in %il"t %lants "! %!"ducti"n $acilities. Application 'xamples: cement clinke!. cham"tte. c"al. c"ke. ,lass. ,!anite. ,!a-el. ,(%sum. mine!als. "!es. "xide ce!amics. sla,. s"ils. Product Advantages: suita)le $"! )atchwise "%e!ati"n "$ la!,e! 'uantities. de$ined $inal $ineness due t" )"tt"m sie-es with a%e!tu!e si;es $!"m 2.12 3 12 mm. exchan,ea)le ,!indin, and sie-e inse!ts. wide !an,e "$ access"!ies includin, -a!i"us c"llecti"n and $eedin, s(stems. !"t"!s and sie-es. eas( cleanin,.m"t"! )!ake.cent!al l"ckin, de-ice.
Seite 13
Ta)le 3. Featu!es9
Applications Field of application
Feed material Size reduction principle Material feed size* Final fineness (technical value) Final fineness* Speed at 50 Hz (60 Hz) Rotor peripheral speed Material of grinding tools Sieve sizes
size reduction agriculture, chemistry / plastics, construction materials, environment / recycling, geology / metallurgy, glass / ceramics medium-hard, brittle impact < 15 mm < 100 m < 100 m 2850 min-1 (3420 min-1) 22 m/s (26 m/s) hardened steel, stainless steel, cast iron, steel 1.1740 (for heavy-metal free grinding) trapezoid holes 0.12 / 0.20 / 0.25 / 0.50 / 0.75 / 1.00 / 1.50 / 2.00 mm round holes 3.00 / 4.00 / 5.00 / 6.00 / 8.00 / 10.00 mm 5 l / optional: 30 l 1-phase motor / 3-phase motor 1.1 kW different voltages 1-phase / 3-phase IP 54 560 x 1150 x 700 mm (with base frame) ~ 57 kg (with base frame)
Seite 14
Collector capacity Drive Drive power Electrical supply data Power connection Protection code W x H x D closed Net weight
Documentation Standards
Operation & Application Video CE
unction Principle: si;e !educti"n in the SG 122 takes %lace )( im%act e$$ects. The $eed mate!ial %asses $!"m the h"%%e! di!ectl( int" the cente! "$ the ,!indin, cham)e!. whe!e it is cau,ht )( the c!"ss )eate! and ,!"und )etween the )a$$le %lates "$ the c!"ss )eate! and the t""thed ,!indin, inse!t.
>ictu!e *. +!"ss <eate! Mill SG 122
Seite 1*
#s s""n as the mate!ial is smalle! than the a%e!tu!e si;e "$ the )"tt"m sie-e used. it %asses th!"u,h the sie-e and ente!s the c"llectin, !ece%tacle. The ai! d!awn in th!"u,h the h"%%e! )( the c!"ss )eate! accele!ates the discha!,e "$ the ,!"und mate!ial.
www.es.mw.tum.de
The ai!)"!ne $ine $!acti"n is se%a!ated "$$ )( a d"wnst!eam $ilte! s(stem.Ds"u!ce 9htt%9EEwww.!etsch.c"mE%!"ductsEmillin,E!"t"!3millsEsk3122E F
4. #nal(sis "$ the )i"mass t(%es
&u!in, "u! inte!nshi% w"!ks 4 di$$e!ent t(%es "$ )i"mass we!e ch"sen as sam%les 7%"%la!. alde!. )i!ch. s%!uce8. The!e we!e se-e!al 'ualities
Seite 16
")se!-ed that we!e !elated t" each )i"mass du!in, ,!indin, and sie-in, %!"cess.
>ictu!e 6. <i"mass tank
www.es.mw.tum.de
Fi!stl(. $ichte was c"nside!ed as a )i"mass with the hi,hest ,!indin, ca%a)ilit(. ha-in, the l"west %!")a)ilit( $"! ,!indin, mill de-ice c"n,esti"n. 1n the "the! hand. %a%%el tu!ned "ut t" )e the m"st Hha!d3,!indin,H )i"mass. ha-in, the )i,,est -"lume "$ )(3%!"duct taken $!"m and the )i,,est %!")a)ilit( "$ machine c"n,esti"n. &u!in, anal(sis "$ 4 -a!i"us t(%es "$ )i"masses $"! dis%e!se dist!i)uti"n we ,"t s%eci$ic indicat"!s each se'uenced in ta)les.
Seite 17
&ia,!am 1. :aw <i!ke
Seite 18
&ia,!am 2. :aw 4!le
&ia,!am 3. :aw Fichte

Seite 19
&ia,!am 4. :aw >a%%el
Graph 1. Torr. Pappel 250 m
Seite 22
Diagram 5.Torr. Fichte 250 m
Seite 21
Graph 3. Torr. Pappel 1 mm
Seite 22
*. +"nclusi"n
T" sum u% all the !esults we !ecei-ed du!in, "u! inte!nshi% %!"cess we w"uld like t" state that )i"masses that can "n $i!st ,lance l""k simila! as t" thei! st!uctu!e and $eatu!es. ha-e a)s"lutel( di$$e!ent inhe!ent cha!acte!istics e-en at the sta,e "$ ,!indin, and se%a!ati"n usin, sie-es. Takin, in$"!mati"n !ecei-ed int" c"nside!ati"n. we can c"n$identl( sa( that $ichte is the desi!a)le )i"mass $"! ,!indin, due t" itIs ,!indin, ca%a)ilities and l"w %!")a)ilit( "$ accumulati"n inside "$ the ,!indin, mill e'ui%ment. M"!e"-e!. the JA? "$ each )i"mass t(%e d"esnIt di$$e! a l"t.
Seite 23
#s t" %a!ticle si;e dist!i)uti"n anal(sis. that clea!l( sh"wed that e'ui%ment used du!in, ,!indin, and se%a!ati"n was c"nside!a)l( e$$icient and ca%a)le t" ,et the desi!a)le %a!ticle si;e with min"! $luctuati"n that we!e sh"wn "n the !es%ect$ul ,!a%hs 7n"!mal dist!i)uti"n8. M"!e"-e!. du!in, the %!"cess we had a chance t" use tw" di$$e!ent t(%es "$ ,!indin, mill machines with di$$e!ent "%e!atin, %!inci%les used "n each. :etsch SM 122 was a )i,,e! and m"!e mass e$$ecti-e de-ice with smalle! %!esence time "$ the )i"mass inside and )i,,e! e$$ecti-eness $"! l"n,3time "%e!ati"n. A"we-e!. this machine had a hi,he! heatin, a)ilit( and l"n,e! c""lin, time.
www.es.mw.tum.de
+!"ss <eate! Mill SG 122 was used t" ,!ind the %a!ticles that we!e !eleased $!"m the %!e-i"usl( desc!i)ed machine du!in, cleanin, and was in "%e!ati"n $"! l"n,e! time each w"!kin, da(. h"we-e! a%%lica)le "nl( $"! small %a!ticles. The ex%e!ience ,ained du!in, this w"!k was )ased "n %!actical ")se!-ati"n t",ethe! with scienti$ic c"nside!ati"n "$ )i"mass )eha-i"u! and su!el( c"nt!i)uted t" the unde!standin, "$ the )i"mass utili;ati"n meth"ds. The !esults "$ the !esea!ch c"nducted c"uld )e used $"! $u!the! anal(sis and ex%e!imental tests in "!de! t" ,et c"m%!ehensi-e
Seite 24
unde!standin, "$ the )i"mass %!e%a!ati"n and itsI in$luence "n the c"m)usti"n )eha-i"u!.
www.es.mw.tum.de
Seite 2*

Aigul Issakova - Internship

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Fakultt Maschinenwesen

M. Sc. In Power Engineering (MSPE) Research Internship

Ta)le 19 :ese!-es and !es"u!ces "$ n"n3!enewa)le !es"u!ces

2. #im "$ the %!"cess c"nducted

>ictu!e 1.?acuum cleane!

>ictu!e 2. *22 =m and 1 mm sie-es

3. &esc!i%ti"n "$ e'ui%ment

>ictu!e 4. :etsch SM 122

Applications Field of application

!ross "eater #ill S$ %&&

Applications Field of application

Operation & Application Video CE

>ictu!e *. +!"ss <eate! Mill SG 122

4. #nal(sis "$ the )i"mass t(%es

&ia,!am 1. :aw <i!ke

&ia,!am 2. :aw 4!le

&ia,!am 3. :aw Fichte

&ia,!am 4. :aw >a%%el

Graph 1. Torr. Pappel 250 m

Graph 2. Torr. Pappel 500 m

Diagram 5.Torr. Fichte 250 m

Graph 3. Torr. Pappel 1 mm

Graph 4. Torr. Pappel 800 m

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