10 Easy Arithmetic Tricks

Ramesh Batlish, Center Head - FIITJEE Noida Math can be terrifying for many people. This list will hopefully improve your general knowledge of mathematical tricks and your speed when you need to do math in your head.

1. The 11 Times Trick We all know the trick when multiplying by ten add 0 to the end of the number, did you know there is an equally easy trick for multiplying a two digit number by ! This is it" Take the original number and imagine a space between the two digits #in this e$ample we will use %&" %'& (ow add the two numbers together and put them in the middle" %'#%)&*'& That is it you have the answer" %+&. ,f the numbers in the middle add up to a & digit number, -ust insert the second number and add to the first" .'#.).*'. #.) *'/'. 0'/'. 0/. ,t works every time. 1. The 11 Times Trick We all know the trick when multiplying by ten add 0 to the end of the number, but did you know there is an equally easy trick for multiplying a two digit number by ! This is it" Take the original number and imagine a space between the two digits #in this e$ample we will use %&" %'& (ow add the two numbers together and put them in the middle" %'#%)&*'& That is it you have the answer" %+&. ,f the numbers in the middle add up to a & digit number, -ust insert the second number and add to the first" .'#.).*'. #.) *'/'. 0'/'. 0/. ,t works every time. 2. Quick Square ,f you need to square a & digit number ending in %, you can do so very easily with this trick. Mulitply the first digit by itself ) , and put &% on the end. That is all0 &%& 1 #&$#&) ** 2 &% &$314 4&%

3. Multiply by 5 Most people memori5e the % times tables very easily, but when you get in to larger numbers it gets more comple$ or does it! This trick is super easy. Take any number, then divide it by & #in other words, halve the number*. ,f the result is whole, add a 0 at the end. ,f it is not, ignore the remainder and add a % at the end. ,t works everytime" &4/& $ % 1 #&4/& 6 &* 2 % or 0 &4/& 6 & 1 37 #whole number so add 0* 37 0 8et9s try another" %//+ $ % &.73.% #fractional number #ignore remainder, add %* &.73% 4. Multiply by 9 This one is simple to multiple any number between and . by . hold both hands in front of your face drop the finger that corresponds to the number you are multiplying #for e$ample .:3 drop your third finger* count the fingers before the dropped finger #in the case of .:3 it is &* then count the numbers after #in this case +* the answer is &+. 5. Multiply by 4 This is a very simple trick which may appear obvious to some, but to others it is not. The trick is to simply multiply by two, then multiply by two again" %/ $ 7 1 #%/ $ &* ) #%/ $ &* 1 # 4* ) # 4* 1 &3& . !alculate a Tip ,f you need to leave a %; tip, here is the easy way to do it. Work out 0; #divide the number by 0* then add that number to half its value and you have your answer" %; of <&% 1 # 0; of &%* ) ## 0; of &%* 6 &* <&.%0 ) < .&% 1 <3.+% ". T#u$h Multiplicati#% ,f you have a large number to multiply and one of the numbers is even, you can easily subdivide to get to the answer" 3& $ &%, is the same as" 4 $ &%0 is the same as" / $ %00 is the same as" 7 $ 000 1 7,000 &. 'i(i)i%$ by 5 =ividing a large number by five is actually very simple. >ll you do is multiply by & and move the decimal point" .% 6 % ?tep " .% @ & 1 3.0 ?tep&" Move the decimal" 3..0 or -ust 3. &.+/ 6 %

step " &.+/ @ & 1 %.%4 ?tep&" %.%.4 9. Subtracti%$ *r#m 1+000 To subtract a large number from ,000 you can use this basic rule" subtract all but the last number from ., then subtract the last number from 0" 000 A47/ step " subtract 4 from . 1 3 step&" subtract 7 from . 1 % step3" subtract / from 0 1 & >nswer" 3%& 10. Ass#rte) Multiplicati#% ,ules Multiply by %" Multiply by 0 and divide by &. Multiply by 4" ?ometimes multiplying by 3 and then & is easy. Multiply by ." Multiply by 0 and subtract the original number. Multiply by &" Multiply by 0 and add twice the original number. Multiply by 3" Multiply by 3 and add 0 times original number. Multiply by 7" Multiply by + and then multiply by & Multiply by %" Multiply by 0 and add % times the original number, as above. Multiply by 4" Bou can double four times, if you want to. Cr you can multiply by / and then by &. Multiply by +" Multiply by + and add 0 times original number. Multiply by /" Multiply by &0 and subtract twice the original number #which is obvious from the first step*. Multiply by ." Multiply by &0 and subtract the original number. Multiply by &7" Multiply by / and then multiply by 3. Multiply by &+" Multiply by 30 and subtract 3 times the original number #which is obvious from the first step*. Multiply by 7%" Multiply by %0 and subtract % times the original number #which is obvious from the first step*. Multiply by .0" Multiply by . #as above* and put a 5ero on the right. Multiply by ./" Multiply by 00 and subtract twice the original number. Multiply by .." Multiply by 00 and subtract the original number. Top of the page

Star t#rt#ises sei-e) *r#m Malaysia.b#u%) passe%$er

?pecial Dorrespondent ?hare E Domment E print E T)

Cfficials display star tortoises sei5ed at the Tiruchi >irport on Thursday. Fhoto" M. Moorthy

T/01!S
crime gangs 2 organised crime nature wildlife police arrest They will be handed over to Gorest =epartment Dustoms >ir ,ntelligence officials sei5ed &.% live star tortoises from a Huala 8umpurAbound passenger at the Tiruchi airport on Thursday. 1%telli$e%ce recei(e) >cting on specific intelligence, they intercepted >hamed ?ira-udeen #7+* of Dhennai, when he was about to board a ?ri 8ankan >irlines flight to Dolombo on way to Huala 8umpur. !#%ceale) i% ba$s

>n e$amination of the passengerIs checkAin baggage revealed the star tortoises concealed in si$ cloth bags kept inside a stroller bag. The contraband was sei5ed under the provisions of the Dustoms >ct, .4& read with the Wildlife Frotection >ct, .+&. 0r#tecte) species ?tar tortoises are protected under ?chedule ,J of the Wildlife Frotection >ct, which bans their possession and transfer in any form for commercial use. ,t is also protected under the Donvention on ,nternational Trade in Kndangered ?pecies, to which ,ndia is a signatory. ?ources in the Dustoms =epartment said that investigations revealed that a person in Dhennai is believed to have arranged for the illegal e$port of the tortoises through >hamed ?ira-udeen. The sei5ed tortoises and the passenger will be handed over to officials of the Gorest =epartment for futher action.

No world is without water and no mathematics is without number. Mathematics is the Queen of science and the number theory is the Queen of mathematics. In the development of science, mathematics in particular, number theory has played a vital role. The Gree mathematician believed that everythin! is number. The system of writin! numerals was developed some "#,### years a!o. India was the main centre for the development of number system which we use today. The present system of writin! numerals is nown as $indu%&rabic numeral system. 'hat is real number( )efore answerin! the *uestion, we should understand the concept of natural numbers, whole numbers, inte!ers and all ne!ative and positive fractions. ". Natural numbers start with ",+,,--. The set of all natural numbers is denoted by the symbol N. Thus, N . ",+,,,/---.. +. 'hole numbers start with #,",+,,--. The set of all whole numbers is denoted by the symbol '. Thus, ' . #,",+,,,/---.. ,. The whole numbers and ne!ative numbers to!ether are called inte!ers. The set of all inte!ers is denoted by the symbol 0. Thus 0 . --%+,%",#,",+,-- 12 0 . #, /. 2ational numbers include natural numbers, whole numbers, inte!ers and all ne!ative and positive fractions.

The real numbers include all the rational numbers, such as the inte!er 34 and the fraction /5,, and all the irrational numbers such as 6+, and 7. 2eal numbers can be thou!ht of as points on an infinitely lon! line called the number line or real line, where the points correspondin! to inte!ers are e*ually spaced. & real number may be either rational or irrational8 and either positive, ne!ative, or 9ero. 2eal numbers are used to measure continuous *uantities.

,eal 2umbers are 3ust %umbers like4

&.3/ ,n fact"

A0./4&%

367

L&

../

(early any number you can think of is a Meal (umber

,eal 2umbers i%clu)e4

Whole (umbers #like ,&,3,7, etc* Mational (umbers #like 367, 0. &%, 0.333..., . , etc * ,rrational (umbers #like 5, L3, etc * Meal (umbers can also be positive, negative or 5ero.

S# ... 6hat is 2/T a ,eal 2umber7

LA #the square root of minus * is not a Meal (umber, it is an ,maginary (umber ,nfinity is not a Meal (umber

8hy are they calle) 9,eal9 2umbers7

:ecause they are %#t 1ma$i%ary 2umbers. The Meal (umbers did not have a name before ,maginary (umbers were thought of. Cnly when the concept of imaginary number came into e$istence, they got called NMealN because they were not ,maginary.

The ,eal 2umber ;i%e

The Meal (umber 8ine is like an actual geometric line. > point is chosen on the line to be the 9#ri$i%9, points to the right will be positive, and points to the left will be negative.

> distance is chosen to be N N, and the whole numbers can then be marked off" O ,&,3,...*, and also in the negative direction" OA ,A&,A3, ...P >ny point on the line is a Meal (umber"

The numbers could be rational #like &06.* or irrational #like Q*

Rut you wonIt find ,nfinity, or an ,maginary (umber.

Thus, 2eal numbers are the numbers which e:ists. They are, Natural numbers, whole numbers, inte!er numbers, fractions or rational and irrational numbers.

& real number may be either rational or irrational8 either al!ebraic or transcendental8 and either positive, ne!ative, or 9ero. 2eal numbers are used to measure continuous *uantities.

The real numbers include all the rational numbers, such as the inte!er 34 and the fraction /5,, and all the irrational numbers such as 6+ ;"./"/+",4<... the s*uare root of two, an irrational al!ebraic number= and 7 ;,."/"4>+<4..., a transcendental number=. 2eal numbers can be thou!ht of as points on an infinitely lon! line called the number line or real line, where the points correspondin! to inte!ers are e*ually spaced.

,eal 2umbers
,eal 2umbers are 3ust %umbers like4
&.3/ ,n fact" (early any number you can think of is a Meal (umber A0./4&% 367 L& ../

,eal 2umbers i%clu)e4

Whole (umbers #like ,&,3,7, etc* Mational (umbers #like 367, 0. &%, 0.333..., . , etc * ,rrational (umbers #like 5, L3, etc * Meal (umbers can also be positive, negative or 5ero.

S# ... 6hat is 2/T a ,eal 2umber7

LA #the square root of minus * is not a Meal (umber, it is an ,maginary (umber ,nfinity is not a Meal (umber >nd there are also some special numbers that mathematicians play with that are not Meal (umbers

8hy are they calle) 9,eal9 2umbers7

:ecause they are %#t 1ma$i%ary 2umbers. The Meal (umbers did not have a name before ,maginary (umbers were thought of. They got called NMealN because they were not ,maginary. That is the actual answer0

The ,eal 2umber ;i%e

The Meal (umber 8ine is like an actual geometric line. > point is chosen on the line to be the 9#ri$i%9, points to the right will be positive, and points to the left will be negative.

> distance is chosen to be N N, and the whole numbers can then be marked off" O ,&,3,...*, and also in the negative direction" OA ,A&,A3, ...P >ny point on the line is a Meal (umber"

The numbers could be rational #like &06.* or irrational #like Q*

Rut you wonIt find ,nfinity, or an ,maginary (umber.

,eal )#es %#t mea% they are i% the real 6#rl)

They are %#t called NMealN because they show the value of something real. ,n mathematics we like our numbers pure, if we write 0.% we mean e<actly half, but in the real world half may not be exact #try cutting an apple e$actly in half*.

2eal numbers are the numbers which e:ists. ?o every type of number belon!s to real number set.

They are, Natural numbers, whole numbers, inte!er numbers, fractions or rational and irrational numbers. @or e:amples, you can consider any number of the type mentioned above.

Sold signifies purity and tranquility and has been used for the best skin care treatments since the ancient times. This ,nsta Slow Sold Rleach is fortified with the energy and glow of pure gold. ,t helps skin look fairer and youthful with a golden glow in a three step action "

,t bleaches facial hair to match the skin tone perfectly. ,t purifies the skin through a light into$icating action.T 8astly, the energy stored in the precious element gold imparts its wholesome curative power to the skin.

Massaging with FreARleach Dream conditions skin and guards it against the irritancy caused by bleaching. Rleach leaves skin fairer in -ust about 0 minutes. Fost Rleach Fack enriched with &7 carat gold is a unique formula that soothes and calms down the skin post bleaching with age defying benefits. =irections for use of J8DD ,nsta Slow Sold Rleach" . Wash the area to be bleached with soap and cold water. Fat dry. &. >pply entire quantity of Fre Rleach Dream and massage gently till it gets absorbed. 3. Mi$ the contents of Rleach Dream " Fowder >ctivator in the ratio of 0g cream with g of activator powder. Mi$ the two well till the powder gets completely dissolved into the cream. Use spoonful #big spoon* of Rleach Dream with spoonful #small spoon* of >ctivator powder. #?poons provided in the pack* 7. >pply the mi$ture on the area to be bleached using the spatula. Make sure that hair are completely covered. >void application on eyebrows and around the eyes. %. >llow application to remain for the suggested time given under IMecommended TimeI ,f hair is not lightened as much as desired, reAapply the mi$ture and leave on for % more minutes. 4. Wash off with cold water. Fat dry. +. >pply a thin layer of the Fost Rleach Fack, leave on for about % minutes then massage gently to facilitate complete absorption. Mecommended Time "

=arker ?kin Tone " Upto 0 minutes Wheatish ?kin Tone " Upto % minutes Gair ?kin Tone " >t least % minutes or more The e$act time required for bleaching will depend on the skin type. ,t can be fi$ed with personal e$perience. Warnings of J8DD ,nsta Slow Sold Rleach " . =o apply on inflamed, chapped, irritated skin. &. (ever apply bleach near the eyes. ,f mi$ture does get into eyes, rinse off with water immediately. 3. (ever use bleach after a hot bath. Cpen pores increase sensitivity. 7. (ever use metal dishes or applicatiors with cream bleach. %. (ever mi$ the bleach cream and acivator until you are ready to start treatment. =o not save mi$ed bleach for reAuse. 4. =o not use soap for % hours after bleach. +. >void going out in sunlight immediately, for better results apply in the evening. /. Mild irritation is natural during bleaching.
&pply a mi:ture of e*ual amounts of lemon Auice and honey on the face and whole body. Beave it for "4 minutes and wash off. C &pply a mi:ture of e*ual amounts of lemon and cucumber Auice on the face and whole body. Beave it for "4 minutes and wash off. If your s in is dry, use honey and lemon Auice. C @irst scrub your face with cucumber slices and then apply cucumber Auice ;with s in on cucumber= to your face, leave it there overni!ht and wash in the mornin!. C &pply a !ram flour ;besan= and turmeric ;haldi= paste on face and nec . &fter sometime when it dries, scrub it off !ently. This would !radually reduce body hair over a period of time. C @or "4 days, apply a paste of !ram flour ;besan=, mil ;+ teaspoon= and lime Auice;,%/ drops= on face and nec for "4 minutes and wash with water. Dou comple:ion should improve. 2epeat every + wee s. C &pply yo!urt to the face. C

&pply !rated white radish or its Auice for fairer comple:ion. C @or )abiesE Massa!e the body with almond oil or any other oil once a wee . Give baby a bath after "4 minutes. C Ma e a paste of honey, mil , yo!urt, and !round sesame seeds in e*ual proportions and apply on face and whole body. C Mi: honey with e*ual amount of almond oil. &pply on the face every ni!ht. C Mi: oatmeal with yo!urt and tomato Auice and apply on the face. 'ash it with cold water after "4 minutes. C &pply a mi:ture of ,%/ drops of lime Auice and a !rated tomato on face and nec for "4 minutes for "4 days. 'ash with cold water. C Ma e a paste of turmeric ;haldi= powder with fresh lime Auice and apply. C Ma e a scrub of sandalwood powder mi:ed with almond powder or almond oil and mil . Massa!e !ently on the dar er areas li e nec , around lips, below eyes, etc. C Fut lime in slices and rub on the face slowly + % , times. Beave for about 4 minutes, then wash with cool water. 2epeat ,%/ times a wee . C Ma e a paste by mi:in! a pinch of cinnamon powder to G teaspoon honey. &pply on the face every ni!ht. C Hrotein mas E Ma e a paste of " tablespoon urad dal and / almonds soa ed in water overni!ht. &pply it your face and nec and wash it off after half an hour. It will nourish your s in and also bleach it. C @air loo , oily s inE

&pply a mi:ture of e*ual amounts of lemon and cucumber Auice on the face and whole body. Beave it for "4 minutes and wash off. Ma e a paste by mi:in! papaya, honey, mil , and mil powder. &pply on face and leave for a few minutes and wash, your face will loo fairer. &pply e!! white to your face. C @air loo , dry s inE &pply a mi:ture of e*ual amounts of cucumber Auice and honey on the face and whole body. Beave it for "4 minutes and wash off. C Iar underarms and nec E&pply a mi:ture of lemon and cucumber Auice ;e*ual amount= with "5J teaspoon of turmeric powder. Beave for +# minutes and rinse with lu ewarm water. C Fomple:ion of unborn child ?ome people believe that the comple:ion of an unborn child can be improved if the pre!nant mother eats certain foods durin! pre!nancy. &ccordin! to Fhinese, a woman can influence the co lour ;comple:ion= of her babyKs s in by the type of food she eats. If one want to have the baby with fair comple:ion ;li!ht color=, one should eat li!ht colored food durin! pre!nancy. ?ome Indians believe that if you drin mil with a few strands of saffron add to it durin! pre!nancy, then the child will be of fair comple:ion. $owever, there is no study available on these sayin!s. Fleansin! Flean your s in every evenin! % The s in pores !et bloc ed dust to e:posure to air pollution, wind, sun, air conditionin!, dirt and !rime from our fin!ers. It is really important to remove stale ma e%up, perspiration, dirt, dust, e:cess oil etc. Lse a !ood, natural cleanser that removes only the impurities without strippin! the s in of nutrients and moisture. M:foliatin! It is important to help the s in renewal process by removin! dead s in cells. M:foliate at least twice a wee to !et rid of dead s in cells. Fare should be ta en if you have bro en capillaries5surface veins. Flay Mas s Flay helps to deep cleanse and draw out impurities and to soften and condition the s in. Moisturi9in! Monitorin! helps to protect your s in from daily pollutants. Moisturi9in! mornin! and evenin! with a natural moisturi9er hydrates, moisturi9es and protects the s in. )ody Fare

)efore ?howerE )ody brushin! helps e:foliate, tone and stimulate the s in as well as helpin! the natural draina!e of our lymph !lands. Iry body brushin! before a shower with a natural bristle brush. &lways brush upwards to the heart in *uic , rhythmic stro es and brush down to the heart when you reach the shoulder5nec area. &fter ?howerE &pply body lotion. 'ater is a natural hydration