Noah Cicurel

Hematology & Cardiovascular Histopathology Lab Report

Introduction This lab allows you to take an in depth look at the cellular characteristics associated with diseases that affect the cardiovascular system. You will also observe hematopathology, which involves diseases associated with the blood. Each section will require that you make a comparison between the normal histology and abnormal histopathology of human tissues. The final section of this lab, allows you to explore the different pharmaceuticals available for treating these diseases. How do I submit my finished lab report? Save your lab report as your name !or example, matthuhta.doc" and upload it to the #oodle drop box by the due date provided. Procedure $sing your lab notebook, you can collect observations during % &rovide a detailed image of each specimen you observe you decide which power allows for the best representation of each". 'e sure to label each drawing with the terms provided Go to Insert Symbol Select Arrow and Add Text Box (nswer the disease analysis questions for each section.

Materials (dvanced compound microscope &repared specimens of human tissue normal and abnormal" )ome #edical *uide HEMATOLOG !E"TIO# I. SICKLE CELL ANE IA +mport images of the following slides% )uman blood smear ,right-s stain )uman sickle cell anemia

Label the !ollow"n# $ normal erythrocyte %&BC'( le)*ocyte %+BC'( and s"c*le cell erythrocyte

$isease Analysis %uestions& .. Explain the pathology of sickle cell anemia. ,hat goes wrong with the normal physiology/ ,hat happens to the 0'1s/ +t is a genetic disorder. 'lood cells become misshaped and sickle shaped blood cells can stick to organs and do serious damage to the body. 2. ,hat are the symptoms of sickle cell anemia/ !atigue and feeling of faintness, pale skin, shortness of breath 3. (re there complications associated with sickle cell anemia/ &eople are more susceptible to serious infections. *allstones can develop. 4. ,hat might be done to treat sickle cell anemia/ +f in a mild case folic acid can be prescribed. II. L, -./C,TIC %AC0TE /& C.&/NIC' LE0KE IA +mport image of a leukemia slide and identify the leukemic blasts. )elpful website regarding leukemia information

Label the !ollow"n#$ le)*em"c blasts12ery "mmat)re le)*ocytes w"th lar#e 3)r3le sta"ned n)cle"

$isease Analysis %uestions& 5. ,hat does a high ,'1 blood count usually indicate with regard to the immune system response/ +t disrupts the production of normal white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. 6. +n your own words, explain the difference between lymphocytic vs. myeloid leukemia. The two are similar but come from different kinds of white blood cells. 7. ,hat are some causes of leukemia mention at least 2 causes/ 'eing exposed to large amounts of radiation. Exposed to certain chemicals such as ben8ene. "A'$IOLOG !E"TIO# III. AT.E&/SCLE&/SIS +mport images for the following slides% )uman artery and vein c.s. )uman atherosclerosis coronary c.s.

Label the !ollow"n#$ a. l)men b. t)n"ca "nt"ma c. t)n"ca med"a d. t)n"ca ad2ent"t"a e. atherosclerot"c 3la4)e

$isease Analysis %uestions& 9.Explain the pathology of atherosclerosis. )ow does it develop/ +t develops through plack build up in the arteries. :.,hat is atherosclerotic plaque made up of/ +t is made of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances found in blood. .;.,hat causes atherosclerosis/ (re there risk factors associated with the disease/ )igh levels of cholesterol, diabetes, overall the disease is caused by plack build up. ...,hat are the symptoms of atherosclerosis/ +f its mild there are no symptoms. +f it is more severe symptoms include chest pain or pressure. .2.(re there any procedures and<or treatments available for atherosclerosis/ ,idening< bypassing plack clogged arteries. I5. ,/CA&6IAL IN7A&CTI/N

+mport images for the following slides% )uman cardiac muscle sec. )uman myocardial infarction acute = chronic" sec.

Label the !ollow"n#$ a. branched str"ated m)scle !"bers %card"ac m)scle only' b. ne)tro3h"ls %a ty3e o! +BC' c. necros"s o! card"ac t"ss)e %scar'

$isease Analysis %uestions& .3. Explain the how a myocardial infarction occurs. +t occurs from a blood clot that blocks one of the coronary arteries .4. ,hat are the symptoms of a myocardial infarction/ 1hest pain, tightness, pressure or squee8ing of the chest .5. Explain the differences you observed when comparing the acute and chronic myocardial infarction tissues. (cute #+ means that it is a short>term block. 1hronic myocardial infarction means that the heart is constantly not getting enough blood. .6. ,hy would an angiogram be important if you believe someone may be having a heart attack/ +t directly shows where the blockage is in the body by using a dye and putting it in the bloodstream. .7.,hat does the phrase ?myocardial necrosis@ mean/ +s that phrase related to a heart attack #+"/ )ow so/
+t is the infection and scarring mostly due to a heart attack. This means that the heart is slowly dying.

PHA'MA"OLOG !E"TIO#
6"rect"ons$ atch the !ollow"n# class"!"cat"ons o! 3harmace)t"cals w"th the thera3e)t"c act"on assoc"ated w"th each med"cat"on. ,o) w"ll ha2e to loo* )3 these dr)# #ro)3 class"!"cat"ons to match

the correct de!"n"t"ons. 888c889:. An#"otens"n con2ert"n# en;yme %ACE' "nh"b"tors 8888!89<. Ant"arrhythm"cs 888a88=>. Beta bloc*ers 888b88=9. Calc")m channel bloc*ers 888#88==. 6")ret"cs 888e88=?. Stat"ns 888d88=@. N"trates Thera3e)t"c act"ons o! card"o2asc)lar med"cat"ons$ a. b. c. 1ontrol heart rate to prevent tachycardia, which helps control hypertension and arrhythmias. They also dilate coronary blood vessels to increase blood flow to the myocardium. Slows the beat of the heart by blocking specific calcium channels located on the S( node. These drugs also dilate the coronary arteries and prevent coronary artery spasms. +ncrease the excretion of water and sodium by the kidneys to reduce peripheral edema, a common symptom of heart failure. They also reduce total blood volume to treat certain types of hypertension. Ailate blood vessels to increase the amount of oxygen delivered to the myocardium. 1an be used to treat angina pectoris. 0educe the number of low density lipoproteins BAB" cholesterol in blood and possibly slightly increase high density lipoproteins )AB". Stabili8e the electrical system of the heart. $sed to treat atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. Bower blood pressure by dilating arterial blood vessels and inhibiting an en8yme from creating a vasoconstriction of blood vessels.

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